各国旅游景点名胜古迹的英语介绍[大全]

第一篇：各国旅游景点名胜古迹的英语介绍[大全]

1.自由女神像介绍：

Out of all of America's symbols, none has proved more enduring or evocative than the Statue of Liberty.This giant figure, torch in hand and clutching a stone tablet, has for a century acted as a figurehead for the American Dream;indeed there is probably no more immediately recognizable profile in existence.It's worth remembering that the statue isa potent reminder that the USA is a land of immigrants: it was New York Harbor where the first big waves of European immigrants arrived, their ships entering through the Verrazano Narrows to round the bend of the bay and catch a first glimpse of “Liberty Enlightening the World”or unablea “model slum,” some have called itstorefront signs now offer English translations, and Haagen Dazs and Baskin Robbins ice-cream stores have opened on lower Mott Streettheir assembly lines grinding from early morning to late into the eveningmostly recent immigrants and the elderlythe ultimate escapist fantasy and the blueprint for imitations worldwidea giddy journey along 2500ft of skull-encrusted corridors in which you face fireballs, falling rubble, venomous snakes and, inevitably, a rolling boulder finale.Disney claims that, thanks to computer engineering, no two Indiana Jones rides are ever alike.Judge for yourself.Among the best of the older rides are two in Adventureland: the Pirates of the Caribbean, a boat trip through underground caverns, singing along with drunken pirates;and the Haunted Mansion, a riotous “doom buggy” tour in the company of the house spooks.Tomorrowland is Disney's vision of the future, where the Space Mountain roller coaster zips through the pitch-blackness of outer space, and the Star Tours ride simulates a journey into the world of George Lucas.The Skyway cable-car line that connects Tomorrowland with the clever but cloyingly sentimental Fantasyland is the only spot in the park from which you can see the outside world.As for accommodation, try to visit Disneyland just for the day and spend the night somewhere else.Most of the hotels and motels nearby cost well in excess of $70 per night.You're not permitted to bring your own food to the park;you can only consume the fast food sold on the premises.Disneyland is at 1313 Harbor Blvd, Anaheim, 45 minutes by car from downtown using the Santa Ana Freeway.In summer, the park is open daily between 8am and 1am;otherwise opening hours are weekdays 10am to 6pm, Saturday 9am to midnight, and Sunday 9am to 10pm.Arrive early;traffic quickly becomes nightmarish, especially in the summer.For further information, including public transportation details, call 714/999-4565.Spotlight on St.Petersburg

4.圣彼得堡介绍：

St.Petersburg.The very name brings to mind some of Russia's greatest poets,writers and composers:Pushkin,Dostoevsky,Tchaikovsky.The 19th century was a golden age for St.Petersburg's wealthy classes.It was a world of ballets and balls,of art and literature,of tea and caviar.圣彼得堡，只要提到这个名字就让人想起那些俄国最伟大的诗人、作家以及作曲家：普希金、杜斯妥也夫斯基、柴可夫斯基。十九世纪对圣彼得堡的富有阶级来说是段黄金岁月。那是一个充满了芭蕾舞和舞会、艺术和文学、茶和鱼子酱的世界。

The golden age ended with the advent of World War 1.Working people were growing more and more discontented.In 1917,Communism came,promising peace and prosperity.这段黄金岁月因为第一次世界大战的来临而结束。工人阶级的不满愈来愈高涨。1917年时，共产党来了并向人民保证和平与繁荣。

St.Petersburg had become Petrograd in 1914.People wanted a Russian name for their city.Ten years later,the city's name changed again,this time to Leningrad.Then in 1991,Leningraders voted to restore the city's original name.Some people opposed the name change altogether.Others thought it was just too soon.Old,run-down Soviet Leningrad,they said,was not the St.Petersburg of 19th-century literature.圣彼得堡在1914年变成彼得格勒。人们想为这个城市取个俄国名字。十年之后，这个城市的名字又改了，这一次叫做列宁格勒。然后在1991年，列宁格勒的居民投票恢复了此城最初的名字。有些人彻底反对改名字，有些人认为名字改得太快了。他们说老旧的苏维埃列宁格勒已不再是十九世纪的圣彼得堡了。

What,then,is St.Petersburg?In the confusing post-Communist world,no one really knows.The quiet,if Soviet-style,dignity is gone.The Communist sayings are down,and gaudy advertising up.Candy bars and cigarettes are sold from boxy,tasteless kiosks.And clothing?Well,anything goes.Everyone wants to be a little different.But many people do not know the true meaning of freedom.Personal crime has gone up,up,up in the past few years.那么，到底圣彼得堡是什么呢？在共产党结束执政后的令人困惑的情形下，没有人真正知道这个答案。那种安静却又无聊的苏维埃式的尊严已经成为过去了。共产党的标语被换了下来，代之以俗气的广告。那些四方形、没有品味的摊子出售糖果和香芋。至于穿着呢？嗯，任何样式都有。每个人都想要有点与众不同。但是许多人仍然不知道自由的真意为何。在过去数年里，个人犯罪率一直不断地上升。

Yet in spite of this,you can still find some of the city's grand past.Stand at the western tip of Vasilievsky Island.To the right is the elegant Winter Palace,former home of the czars.Its light blue sides and white classical columns make it perhaps St.Petersburg's most graceful building.It houses one of the worlds most famous art museums:the Hermitage.Inside,20km of galleries house thousands of works of art.Look over your right shoulder.The massive golden dome of St.Isaac's Cathedral rises above the skyline.You'll see,too,why St.Petersburg is called a “floating city.”Standing there,nearly surrounded by water,you can see four of the city's 42islands.但是，尽管如此，你还是可以找到一些这个城市辉煌的过去。站在维丝利瓦斯基岛的西端，右边是优雅的冬宫，是沙皇从前的住处。它那浅蓝色的外墙和白色古典的园柱，使它成为大概是圣彼得堡中最优雅的建筑物。它里面有世界上最有名的艺术博物馆：赫米提巨博物馆。在里面，长达20公里的艺廊收藏了数千件的艺术作品。朝你右肩后方看去，圣以撒大教堂巨大的金制圆顶伸入了天空。你也会了解，为什么圣彼得堡又被称为「漂浮的城市」。站在那里，几乎完全被水环绕，你可以看见这城市四十二个岛屿中的四个。

Cross the bridge and turn behind the Winter Palace.In the middle of the huge Palace Square stands the Alexander Column.It commemorates Russia's victory over Napoleon.The 650-ton granite column is not attached to the base in any way.Its own weight keeps it upright.Hoisted into place in 1832,it has stood there ever since.过了桥转到冬宫的后面，巨大的冬宫广场中间竖立着亚历山大圆柱。它是为了纪念俄国和拿破仑交战的胜利。这个六百五十吨的花岗石圆柱底部并未以任何方式固定，底部也无任何支撑。自1832年被竖立起来之后，便一直站立在那里。

Continue to Nevsky Prospekt,the heart of the old city.Let the crowds hurry by while you take your time.Admire the fine carving on bridges and columns,above doorways and windows.Cross over canals and pass by smaller palaces and other classical structures.Let your eyes drink in the light blues,greens,yellows and pinks.继续走到纳瓦斯基街，这个老城市的中心。在你悠闲地漫步的时候，让人群从你身旁匆匆走过。欣赏那些在桥上和圆柱上，门口以及窗户上面的精致雕刻。穿过运河并经过较小的皇宫以及其他的古典建筑物。让你的眼睛饱享淡篮、青绿、黄色和粉红色。

Take time to wander among Kazan Cathedral's semi circle of enormous brown columns.Or, if you prefer Russian-style architecture,cross the street and follow the canal a short distance.The Church of the Resurrection occupies the site where Czar Alexander 11was assassinated in 1881.花些时间漫步于喀山大教堂里巨大的棕色圆柱所围成的半圆形。或者，如果你喜欢俄国样式的建筑，穿过马路并随着运河走一段短距离的路。复活教会正好位于沙皇亚历山大二世在1881年被暗杀的地方。

Travel outside the city to Petrodvorets Palace for a taste of old imperial grandeur.After a visit to France in the late 17th century,Peter the Great decided to build a palace for himself better than Versailles.His dream never came true in his lifetime.It took almost two centuries to complete the palace and park complex.离开市区往彼得城方向游览，一尝古老皇宫富丽堂皇的风味。彼得大帝于十七世纪末到法国游览了一趟后，他决定要为自己盖一座比凡尔赛宫还好的皇宫。在他有生之年，这个梦想一直没有实现。皇宫和公园的复合建筑几乎花了两个世纪才完成。

Seldom does any city have the chance to reinvent itself.That chance has now come to St.Petersburg.A few people might hope to return to the glory of the past,but most know that is impossible.They want to preserve the best of past eras and push ahead.You can bet the city won't be old St.Petersburg,but something altogether different.很少有城市有机会再创造自己，这个机会现在降临到了圣彼得堡。有些人可能希望回到过去的荣耀里，但是大多数人知道那是不可能的。他们希望能将过去年代当中的精华保留住，并进步向前。你可以打赌这个城市将不再是老圣彼得堡，而是一个完全不同的城市。

5.尼亚加拉大瀑布的介绍：

被称为世界七大奇景之一的尼亚加拉大瀑布位于加拿大和美国交界的尼亚加拉河上，它那丰沛而浩瀚的水汽和磅礴的气势，使所有前来观赏的游人都为之震撼。

尼亚加拉河长约56米，上接海拔174米的伊利湖，下注海拔75米的安大略湖。这99米的落差，已足以形成湍急的水流，而两湖之间横亘着的一道石灰岩断崖，更使水量丰富的尼亚加拉河水在经过这里时骤然陡落，水势澎湃，声震如雷。

从高处的伊利湖到低处的安大略湖，在经过河床绝壁上的半岛时，湖水分隔成了两部份，分别流入加拿大和美国，形成了一大一小两个瀑布。这两个瀑布在加拿大这边的景致比在美国看起来要更加美丽壮观。

Niagara Falls comprises three distinct cataracts.The tallest are the American and Bridal Veil falls on the American side, separated by tiny Luna Island and plunging over jagged rocks in a 180ft drop;the broad Horseshoe Falls which curve their way over to Canada are probably the most impressive.They date back a mere twelve thousand years, when the retreat of melting glaciers allowed water trapped in Lake Erie to gush north to Lake Ontario.Back then the falls were seven miles downriver, but constant erosion has cut them back to their present site.The falls are colorfully lit up at night, and many say they're most beautiful in winter, when the grounds are covered in snow and the waters turn to ice.The best views on the American side are from the Prospect Point Observation Tower(daily;50￠), and from the area at its base where the water rushes past;Terrapin Point on Goat Island in the middle of the river has similar views of Horseshoe Falls.The nineteenth-century tightrope-walker Blondin crossed the Niagara repeatedly near here, and even carried passengers across on his back;other suicidal fools over the years have taken the plunge in barrels.One survivor among the many fatalities was the Englishman Bobby Leach, who went over in a steel barrel in July 1911 and had to spend the rest of the year in hospital.That practice has since been banned(though a couple of maniacs did it in summer 1995 and came away with minor bruises), for reasons which become self-evident when you approach the towering cascade on the not-to-be-missed Maid of the Mist boat trip from the foot of the observation tower(summer Mon-Fri 10am-5pm, Sat & Sun 10am-6pm;$8.50;716/284-4233).From Goat Island, the Cave of the Winds tour leads down to the base of the falls by elevator to within almost touching distance of the water(mid-May to late Oct;$5.50).A combination pass for these and other attractions costs $16.Rainbow helicopter tours(716/284-2800)are a more expensive proposition at $40 per person for a ten-minute ride.To check the view out from Niagara Falls, Ontario, it's a twenty-minute walk across the Rainbow Bridge to the Canadian side(25￠ each way;bring ID, and check with US Immigration officials before heading across), where you get an arguably better view, bigger crowds and even more tawdry commercialism.Driving across is inadvisable: the toll for a car is just 75￠, but parking on the other side is upwards of $15.As you look on in awe, reflect that you're seeing only about half the volume of waterNov daily at 12.30 & 3pm, also 10am on Sat;$9;716/693-3260).The high Eiffel Tower, the colorful streets, the beautiful river Seine, the glorious palaces, the romantic people, the old history … Paris is a great place to all people in the world.高耸入云的埃菲尔铁塔，流光溢彩的街道，美丽的塞纳河，金璧辉煌的宫殿，浪漫的民族，源远流长的历史…这就是巴黎

As the capital of France, Paris is a modern city with a long and rich history.So many events took place here and there are so many places for the visitors to have a trip.作为法国的首都，巴黎是一座古老而又现代的城市。这里发生了太多的历史事件，这里有那么多的地方让你流连忘返。The Triumphal Arch(凯旋门)was finished in 1836.It’s a world famous building, too.The Eiffel Tower(埃菲尔铁塔), which is 320 meters high, is the symbol of Paris.It was completed in 1889.320米高的埃费尔铁塔是巴黎的标志。它建于1889年

首尔的：

The total area of Seoul is 605.52 square kilometers , or 0.6 percent of the entire country.The Hangang(River)bisects the city into two parts: northern part(Gangbuk)and southern one(Gangnam).The Gangbuk area totals 297.97 square kilometers(49.2 %)while Gangnam is 307.55 square kilometers(50.8 %).Seoul has a population of 10,297,004 as of the end of 2005.This accounts for about a quarter of the total national population.As for the proportion of male to female excluding foreigners, women(5,173,266)slightly outnumber men(5,123,738).By district, Nowon-gu has the biggest population of 624,855.In contrast, Jung-gu has the smallest population of only 134,420.Since Seoul became the capital of the nation in 1394, the population of Seoul has grown 110 times.Seoul belongs to the Temperate Zone featuring four distinctive seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter.The yearly average temperature of Seoul is 12.2 degrees Celsius.Temperatures in Seoul show large seasonal variation, reaching as high as 38.4 degrees Celsius in the summer and dropping as low as minus 19.2 degrees Celsius in the winter.Influenced by the North Pacific high-pressure system, Seoul has hot and humid summers with average temperatures above 20 degrees Celsius from June through September.东京的：

Tokyo,one of the most amazing city in asia.its the captial of japan.In the ancient times，tokyo was called “EDO”and its name was changed to Tokyo when it became the imperial capital in 1868.with the developing of japan,tokyo became the center of asia.but in world war two，Tokyo went on to suffer two major catastrophes in the world , but it recovered speedy after World War II.tokyo has much sight spot，such as tokyo tower，shibuya，Shinjuku and so on，so its become the most popular destination where attract people all over the world.although tokyo's population density is the first in the world,it runs very fluency.so i think city perfer need national quality than need beautiful face

第二篇：如何介绍旅游景点

如何介绍旅游景点

【写作任务】

假设你是丽江市某中学的学生李华。你市为吸引国外游客，拟制作英语版丽江古城旅游宣传手册，并公开征稿。请你根据表格中所给提示信息，用英语写一篇短文应征。概况：位于云南省西北部,是纳西族人的聚居地。

景点特色：1.拥有大量土木结构的房屋、鹅卵石道路，以及许多明清时期的石桥和拱门；

2.宗教壁画和东巴文化历史悠久，风格迥异。

注意：1.词数100左右。

2.参考词汇:鵝卵石pebble;拱门archway 【写作指导】

旅游宣传手册是旅游行业对外宣传、吸引游客的一种重要方式。而景点介绍则是通过文本来构建景区,使读者从文本中获取信息，从而对景区产生一种强烈的游览向往。

旅游景点介绍通常有以下几个步骤:首先，介绍旅游景点的基本信息,如地理位置、人文环境等;其次,具体介绍其旅游特色;最后,总结陈述以吸引读者前去旅游。写作时应注意以下两个方面：

1.人称、时态恰当。人称以第三人称为主;时态以一般现在时为主，但如果介绍景观的历史，常用一般过去时。2.语言生动。要注意表达形式的多样性和表达内容的趣味性，从而激发读者的游览兴致。比如，在用词方面，可以用 smart, excellent, wonderful, grand, unusual 等来代替 nice,或者用 stand, lie, stay, remain, keep, grow等来代替be。【常用表达】

★介绍景点的基本信息

It is located / lies in..., with an area of...It covers an area of..., with a history of......, located in.,.and covering an area of...，is one of China’s most famous scenic spots.It has become the most popular tourist attraction since...★介绍景点的旅游特色 There are many places of interest, such as...You can enjoy..., which has a high reputation both at home and abroad.With...,...is / are attracting more and more tourists.An interesting feature of...is...With its pleasant climate, rich natural resources and beautiful scenery,...is one of China’s major tourist cities.A trip along...will enable you to get to know...★总结陈述...is well worth visiting....is a place you have to visit and the extraordinary view will make you unwilling to leave.___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

The Old Town of Lijiang The Old Town of Lijiang, located in the northwest of Yunnan Province, is an ancient town where the Naxi minority people live.Most of the houses are made of earth and wood.The roads in the town are covered with coloured pebbles produced in Lijiang, and there are many stone bridges and archways built during the Ming and Qing dynasties.Wandering in the town, you can see many religious wall-paintings and experience the traditional Dongba Culture which is totally different and amazing.Why not give it a try? Your trip to the Old Town of Lijiang is sure to be enjoyable and worthwhile.

第三篇：旅游英语国内旅游景点介绍

景泰蓝英文导游辞

Cloisonne is a famous traditional enamel ware, known as the “Blue of Jingtai” in China, with a history of over 500 years.it was so called “blue” was the typical colour used for enamelling and “Jingtai” was the reign title of the 7th Ming Emperor.Enamel ware became very popular during the Emperor's reign.There is a great variety of products, such as vase, jar, bowl,plate, box and ash-tray.They are brilliant in colours and splendid in design.Cloisonne is one of the famous arts and crafts of Beijing.The making of cloisonne requires rather elaborate and complicated processes;base-hammering, copper-strip inlay, soldering, enamel-filling, enamel-firing, polishing and gilding.The products are featured by excellent quality.The skill and workmanship have been handed down from the Ming Dynasty.Quite a number of new varieties have been created.it enjoys a high reputation both at home and abroad.They are mostly for export.CLOISONNE-MAKING

The first step is body making.The material used for making the bodyis copper, because copper is easily hammered and stretched.This step requires a sound judgement in shaping and uniformity of thickness and weight.It is in fact the work of the copper smith.The only difference is that when an article is well shaped, the copper smith‗s work is finished, whereas the cloisonne craftsman‘s work is just on the the start.The second step is filigree soldering.This step requires great care and high creativeness.The artisan adheres copper strips onto the body.These strips are of 1/16 inch in diameter and of lengths as the artisan desires.The strips or filigree thus adhered make up a complicated but complete pattern.The artisan has a blueprint in mind and he can make full use of his experience, imagination and aesthetic view in setting the copper strips on the body.The third step is to apply the colour which is known as enamel filling.The colour or enamel is like the glaze on ceramics.It is called falang.Its basic elements are boric acid, saltpetre and alkaline.Due to the difference in the minerals added, the colour differs accordingly.Usually one with much iron will turn grey, with uranium, yellow, with chromium, green, with zinc, white, with bronze, blue, with gold or iodine, red.In time of filling, all the colours, ground beforehand into minute powder and contained in plates, are placed in front of the workers and are then applied to the little compartments separated by filigree.The fourth step is enamel firing.This is done by putting the article, with its enamel fillings, to the crucible.After a short moment, the copper body will turn red.But after firing, the enamel in the little compartment will sink down a bit.That will require a refilling.This process will go on repeatedly until the little compartments are finally filled.The fifth step is polishing.The first polish is with energy.Its aim is to make the filigree and the filled compartments even.The whole piece is again put to fire.Polish once more with a whet stone.Finally, use a piece of hard carbon to polish again so as to obtain some lustre on the surface of the article.The sixth step is gilding.This is done by placing the article in fluid of gold or silver.Add electric current.The exposed parts of the filigree and the metal fringes of the article will be smoothly and evenly gilded.After that, the metal part of the article will not get rusty.Then the article will again undergo another electroplating and a slight polish.四川-乐山大佛英语导游辞

The city of Leshan is less than one hour's ride from the Baoguosi Monastery at the foot of Mt.Emei.Leshan is the home of the Giant Buddha at the conflueence of the Min,Dadu and Qingyi rivers.It qualifies as the largest Buddha in a sitting posture in the world.You must board a riverboat for the best view of the Giant Buddha.The massive Buddha was carved out of a cliff face more than a thousand years ago, but now it is still well preserved in good shape, with his full and serene face.The Buddha is the largest Buddha in China,towering to 71m,with his 14.7m head,and 24m shoulders.The Buddha's ears are 6.72m long, insteps 8.5m broad, and a picnic could be conducted on the nail of his big toe, which is 1.5m long.This carving project was begun in 713.Each summer at that time the Min,Dadu and Qingyi rivers flowed down.As the ghree rivers met,turbu-lent waves strucd each other hard,boats capsized and boatmen vanished.There was a Buddhist monkby the name of Haitong in Lingyun Hill,who saw the situation and was determined to carve a giant Buddha out of the cliff face, hoping that the Buddha's presence would subdue the swift currents and protect the boatmen.Haitong started travelling along the Changjiang river and other areas in China to collect funds for the gigantic carving.Once an evil official attempted to obtain by force the money collected by Haitong.The monk refused him in strong terms.He said,“I'd rather gouge out my eyes than give a penny to you,”The official shouted in anger,“gouge your eye out now!”Haitong resolutely dug out one of his eyes.The monk's behavior in protecting the funding so greatly encouraged sculptors and other construction workers that the carving work went on smoothly.Unfortunately Haitong died before the completion of his life's work.However, this work continued due to the support of the local people as well as Weigao and Zhangchou Jianqing,the local top military commanders.The word took up 90 years until 803 when it was completed.Since then the Buddha has watched over the river traffic for more than a thousand years to offset the large number of serious accidents in the river.Modern Chinese question whether safer boat gravel is due to his presence or to sime later-day dredging.As you get close to the Buddha,we can find out some scattered holes im rows around the Buddha.They are remains of so Called the Giant Buddha Pavilion.It was a nine-storied building set up during the Tang Dynasty to shelter the Buddha.It was renamed as the Lingyun Pavilion with 13 stories during the Song Dynasty.Unfortunately it was destroyed by a war during the Ming Dynasty.Since then the Buddha remains outside in the open space.The Giant Buddha has lasted over a thousand years, and still survives in good shape.Why? First of all, according to the studies on the ancient construction of the Buddha,the cliff face the Buddha occupies enjoys topographical advantages.It is on the southern side of the hill,where verdant trees grow so well as to protect rocks and slope from erosion.Secondly although the Buddha seats bordering on the confluence of the three rivers, the immense statue is carved into the cliff face inside the hill,which alleviate the severe damage by wind and water erosion.Finally there is a water-drainage system,hidden from view.The system starts with 1021 fastened hairs, which conect one another at the bace of the bead.The end of the hairs inter-links the shoulders,joining the simple-patterned robe pleats carved on the body.The hairs,shoulders and pleats naturally reveal a complete system that carries away the entire surface water on the body, where the water disappears underground.It is worth making several passes at the Buddha.From the ferry pier on the island,you climba steep road and through Lingyun Temple to a vantage point for viewing the buddha.You can go to the top,opposite the head, and then descend a short zigzag stairway carved into the cliff to the feet for the top,oppoosite the head,and then descend a short zigzag stairway carved into the cliff to the feet for the different perspective viwepoints.A local boat passes by for a frontal view, which reveals two guardians in the cliff side, not visible from land,Wuyou Buddhist Monastery can be reached in 15 minutes by footpath from the Buddha,which is also from the Tang Dynasty with Ming and Qing renovations,Its layout is very similar to the other monasteries as we mentioned before.Walking along up Wuyou Hill,you can enjoy the quiet and beartiful scenery, The top of Wuyou Hill affords you a vision of an emerald-green tree forest, glazed golden tiles of the monastery roofs and the distant rivers.It would be a mistake to thind of Leshan as ome big Buddha, but it is wouth making a trip to Leshan,which will provide you with a pleasant picture made by the ancient Chinese sites and the beautiful nature being combined into a whole.哈尔滨中央大街英文导游辞

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Today we are going to visit Zhongyang Street.This is the downtown area.In order to better know the street, we are going to walk through it, which takes about 40 minutes.Those who do not like walking may keep seated, our coach will go along another street and stop at the Flood Control Monument.Those who cannot walk that far may take a taxi to the Flood Control Monument.Now let6‗s get off the coach, and take a walk on Zhongyang Street.Zhongyang Street measures 1450 meters from Jingwei Street in the south to the Flood Control Monument on the riverbank in the north.This is China‗s longest walkway.The street was built at the end of the last century.It was connected to a wharf at the Songhua River.Because of the constant transport of the goods needed for building the China Eastern Railway, a shopping center began to take shape along this street at the turn of the century.Harbin at that time was a semi-colonial city with a foreign population of many thousands.Politics and economy were actually controlled by foreign powers.Owing to the concentration of Chinese shops along this street, foreigners took it as a China town and called it China Street.Have you noticed the cobbled road surface? This is the only cobbled street left in Harbin.This cobbled street was paved in 1925.Thanks to the good quality, the street has kept in good shape with a few repairs in the past.This street began to take shape as an international street in the 1920s.There were over a hundred shops and many were owned by forergners, such as Russians, Greeks, Czechs, Swedes, Swiss, Frenchmen, Germans and Englishmen.They built their shops in their individual styles.Therefore, the street not only looked like a foreign street, but also was controlled by foreigners.Now this smooth cobbled street may remind us of the past when foreigners were sitting in chariots along the street, as if we could still hear the horse-hoofs clicking on cobbles.Over half a century is past, Zhongyang Street is weather-beaten.With the implementation of reform and opening-up, it is ready to welcome visitors with a new outlook.The building in front of us is very attractive.Its some and arched windows are typical of the Byzantine Style popular in Europe during the Middle Ages.It was built in 1934 and it was a shoe shop owned by a Czech.After liberation, it became a specialty shop-Women and Children‗s Department Store.It is the biggest specialty shop along Zhongyang Street.There are a good variety of commodities.Now some world famous specialty chains have also set up branches down here, such as Crocodile, Bossini and so on.You can see some gentlemen also wandering in the Women and Children‘s Department Store.At such a good shopping place, they will not walk out empty-handed.Opposite the Women and Children‗s Department Store is the Central Shopping City opened in November 1994.On its original site there were five small stores run by Russians, which were built in 1932.After liberation, they were turned into one department store.In 1994, the old building was torn down, and this comprehensive department store was built.The architecture is a combination of a European castle with modern architecture.It has become a new scenic spot on Zhongyang Street.At we go along the road, we are able to see the Central Pharmacy.It was a bungalow before.In 1912, German Sidemen‗s opened a shop here to sell electrical equipment and materials.After liberation, it was reconstructed.Now you can find not only medicine here, but also the Gold lion shop, a super-market and a Kentucky Fried Chicken Restaurant.This shopping Center was opened in 1995.Its original site was a shop managed by a Swede.It dealt in china, porcelain and enamelware.After liberation, it became a food-store.The building you see now was designed by a famous architect in Heilongjiang.It is a masterpiece of adopting relief sculptures in modern construction.This building is an attractive site in Zhongyang Street.The nost interesting building along Zhongyang Street is the Modern Hotel.It was constructed in 1913.It is of an attractive outlook and magnificently decorated.It has a typical Baroque style of the Neo-artistic period.At first, it was invested and managed by a Jewish Frenchman.The origin of its Chinese name once aroused the interest of many people.There was a column in newspaper for debating its origin.Some held its Chinese name came from the word ―mother‖, some said it came from ―modern‖.However, modern seemed to overwhelm mother as you can see the hotel now used the Modern Hotel as its English name.Modern Hotel has all the facilities of a modern hotel including well-decorated suites, dining rooms and medium and small-sized meeting rooms in European palatial styles.There is a legendary oil painting hanging on a wall on the landing of the first floor.It was painted a famous Russian painter.He was inspired by ―Divine Comedy‖composed by Dante.It shows a pretty girl saved by angels from confinement by insects and demons;the girl who endured tortures in hell was about to rise to heaven.This picture was painted red during the Cultural Revolution.After the Cultural Revolution, the original painting was restored.Now we are able to appreciate its artistic charm.In the past few decades, modern Hotel has catered to many famous people, such as well known Chinese writers Guo Moruo and Ding Ling, and a renowned painter, Xu Berhong.Those who have stayed here also include distinguished American celebrities such as Anna Louise Strong, Edgar Snow Yue-Sai Kan.Movie studios have shot movies here.―Harbin in the Dark Night‖, ―London Inspiration‖, ―The Orient Express to Moscow‖have left people lasting memories.Opposite the Modern Hotel, there is Huamei Restaurant.It was Malse Restaurant serving western food.After liberation, it was rebuilt several times and two more stories have been added.However, its original European Style had been kept.It was reported in 1973 that there were 260 Western restaurants in Harbin, with over 100 concentrated along Zhongyang Street.Huamei Restaurant was one of the best known.Now it serves many specialties, such as Russian dishes, potted cattle tail, French egg and fried prawns.It is said a Russian celebrity who used to serve in the army once visited Huamei.After dinner, he could not help praising food served in Huamei.He declared the Russian dishes here surpassed those in Russia.He would send chefs from Russia to Huamei to learn to cook when he got back home.Now that you know Huamei, your knowledge of Zhongyang Street will not be complete if you have not tried the food here.Further in the front, we can see the Education Bookstore.It was constructed in 1909.It is a Baroque construction, extravagant and novel, with bold lines and strong contrast.Over the entrance, there are two staturs.They are Titans in Greek fairy tales.The male is Atlas and the female is Galliached.It is said they hold up the sky with heads and shoulders.Education relates to the future of a country.May these Titans hold up the building of education, and accompany us to a prosperous tomorrow.Opposite to the Education Bookstore, the building in the Neo-artistic style is Qiulin Department Store.It is characterized by simple structure, flexible lay out, free style, and curved decoration.Qiulin was constructed in 1903.In the past few decades, it has transformed from a colonial company.It has witnessed great changes in Zhongyang Street.Many people say Zhongyang Street is a street of architecture as over 70 buildings appear in different styles.Some state it is a small Paris in the Orient;some assert it is a Moscow in the Orient;some declare it is a symphony.When you step on this cobbled street, it is as if you could hear a prelude.As you go further along the street, you can see the Women and Children‗s Department Store, and the Flood Control Monument at the riverside, as if their varied structures were different chapters constituting a harmonious tune.This symphony accompanies the people in Harbin as they suffered before liberation, wandered through the Cultural Revolution, and ushered in the reform and opening up, and encourages them to face up to the magnificent 21st century.I would like to call this street an international shopping mall.There are state owned stores and outlets of foreign products.There are banks and post-offices.There are hotels and restaurants.There are Jewelers‗and photographers‘.People are able to stroll, shop and enjoy delicacies along the street.At night over 200 shops will be radiating with colorful neon lights.This century-old street will radiate its vigor and become more attractive.Ladies and Gentlemen, if we go further forward, we are able to reach the Flood Control Monument.Now I will give you some free time for shopping and photography.We will meet at the Flood Control Monument in twenty minutes.四川-武侯祠英文导游辞

China has a recorded history of some 3,600 years, beginning with the Shang Dynasty(16th——12th century BC).The first stage is the primitive society.The history was much associated with the supposed pre-Xia Dynasty(21th-16th centuy BC).The second major periob lasted from about 2,000 to 200 BC.The history dated the beginning of the slave society from the Xia Dynasty, which constituted the first Chinese state.The third stage extended all the way from 221BC, when Qin Shihuang united China, to the Opium War of 1840.Historical docments name the third period as the Feusal Imperial Rule.The feudal society in China passed through a period of disunity beginning at the Three Kingdom Period, and ending in shoet-lived Sui Dynasty(581——618), Western Jin(265——316)via Eastern Jin(317——439)and the Southern and Northern Dynasties(386——589).The following story occurred in the three Kingdom Period.At the rnd of the Eastern Han Dynasty(25——220)a gtrat peasant revolt happened.Many local officials developed into warlords to assisty the Han Emperor in suppressing the rebellion.During this period the watlotds took the opportunity to build uyp their own political and military strengty and made themselves into autonomous regional warlords.Finally the warlords carved the Han Empire into three kingdoms of Wei, Shu and Wu.The populous episodic novel,The Romance of the Three Kingdoms traces the rise and fall of the three kingdoms and vividly depicts the turbulent social conditions at that time.The rulers of the three independent kingdoms struggled for supremacy.Cao Cao and his son established the kingdom of Wei at Loyang.He was in actual control of only the North China homeland.Two rivals soon proclaimed emperors themselves elsewhere.The kingdom of Wu with its capital in Nanjing occupied dChangjiang Valley, The kingdom of Shu was created with its capital in Chengdu.Ti was in the control of Sichuan and parts ojf the highland of south China.Wuhou Temple is much associated with the kingdom of Shu.It is the place to commemorate Zhu Geliang, Prime Minister of the kingdom.Wuhou was a top official title conferred upon Zhu Geliang after his death.It is unfortunate that no historical documents have recorded the time of its establishment.However, Du Fu, a top Tang Dynasty poet wrote a poem of kwhich two lines say as below:“Where would I find the Prime Minister's shrine?Somewhere outside Jinguan, in a dense cypress glade.”

This poem helps us infer that Zhu Geliang Temple was already in ezistence in the Tang Dynadty.During the Tang and Song Dynasties Zhu Geliang and Emperor Liu Bei had their independent temples in Chengdu, At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty the two temples merged into one.Towards the end of the Ming Dynasty the merged tempke was destroyed during war chaos.The present buildings date from the Qing Dynasty in 1672.The main entrance gate hangs a horizontal inscribed board.It says, “Han Zhaolie Temple”.Han refers to the kingdom of Shui;zhaolie was Liu Bei's posthumous title.The board indicates that the whole temple was built in honor of Liu Bei.But why do all the people call it Zhu Geliang Tempke instead of Han Zhaolie Temple? It is due to Zhu Geliang's invaluable historical contribution, and his political and military strategies to the development of the kingdom.In the view of the local peopoe his prestige far gan to call it Zhu Grliang Temple regardless of the emperor's dignity and the temple's original name.Gtadually more and more people accepted the new name of the temple through common practice.The temple compound consists of five mainbuildings: the Front Gate, the Second Gate, Kiu Bei's Hall, Zhu Geliang's Hall and Liu Bei's Tomb.The buildings are all located aling an imaginative axis line in a regular shape.Six huge stone tablets are flanked in the yard between the front and the second gates.Four of them were of the Qing Dynasty, one of the Ming and one opf the Tang.The tablets of the Qing state the storise about the reestablishment of the temple;the one of the Ming describes the development of the temple.The one of the Tang is far more famous than the other five.It was set up soon after Wu Yuanhen, a local top military commander in west Sichuan and his 27assistants worshiped Zhu Grliang in the temple in 809 during the Tang Dynasty.Pei Du,who served as a prime minister for his three Tang emperors ijn different times, composed an rssay associated with the worship.In the essay he eulogized Zhu Geliang for his great contribution to and his spare-no-efforts in unifying the whole China and the development of Sichuan, Liu Gingchuo, a well-known Tang calligrahist, copied the essay on the tablet according to the pattern of Liu's handwriting.The three well-known persons joined hands to perfect the tablet, so later in people called it “The Three Perfecdstion Tablet”.Inside the Second Gate is Liu Bei's hall.His statue stands behind the front altar, flanked by his son snd gtandson.To the right of the main shrine is a red faced image called Guan Yu;the left is General Zhang Fei, represented with a black face.Liu,Guan and Zhang are sworn brothers as prescribed in the novel The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.There are two galleries in the yard, which contain terracotta figures of the Qing Dynasty, 28 in all, generals on the right and minisiters on the lelt.During the Three Kingdom Period the rulers of the independent kingdoms fought each other for supremacy.This period was regarded as a romantic epoch of knightly dering-do.The site is just about holy to thousands of Three Kingdom enthusiasts.The well-loved figures in the temple are the historical source from which later novels and dramas have captured the imaginations of generations of Chinese readers and audience.Behind Liu Bei's hall is the second yard where Zhu Geliang's hall is located.Zhu Geliang's hallis obviously lower than Liu Bei's.Visitors bave to walk down several steps before they can get into the second yard.The disparity in the construction height displays the traditional Chinese hierarchical social system.Emperor is the son of Heaven.He is superior;and other people are inferior.On the top of the entrance gate of Zhu Geliang's hall hangs a horizontal wooden board,which says,“Eternal Glory All Over the World(名垂宇宙).”Many ancient couplets hang inside the hall, but the most famous one is right in the middle of the hall.It says,―能攻心则反侧自消，从古知兵非好战；不审势即宽严皆误，后来治蜀要深思。‖

It means that try to persuade an enemy to stop his attack during a war and the war will then disappear.No soldier wants to fight since ancient times.Try not to forget to weigh the conditions and situation, ogherwise leniency and strict punishment will all fail.Those,who come to manage Sichuan,should think it over again.This couplet contains two stories.Once as Zhu Geliang was the general commander of the shu Kingdom, he was scheduled to attack the Wei Kingdom in north China.However, he was worried that the troops of the minorities might take a chance to harass the Shu Kingdom in southwest China.He came to tealize that the good relationship with the minorities was very important.So he went the southwestern area with his troops.Meng Huo(孟获),the top leader of the minorities didn't accept Zhu Geliang's good-wish.He used his soldiers to fight against the groops from the kingdom.Zhu Geliang successfully defeated his attack and caught Meng Huo.Instead of punishing him,Zhu Geliang set him free.Then Meng Huo launched another attack and he met with the same defeat.Zhu Geliang set him a free again.On the seventh time after Meng Huo was caught,he prostrated himself before Zhu Geliang saying ghat he and his soldiers had given rp any atrelationship with the Shui Kingdoh.From then on the minority people and lf the Shui Kingdon lived in amity.The other story tells how Zhu Geliang streng-thened discipline.Once Zhu Gelian Launched another military campaign against the Wei Kingdom.In order to make the campaign successful Zhu Geliang ordered Ma Shu，his close assistant to garrison the Shu army troops in Jie Ting,a vital strategic place to fight the coming soldiers from the Wei.Ma Shu thought of himself highly and placed his troops on the top of a hill near Jie Ting.As result,the Wei army soldiers occupied the strategic place.Ma Shu and his soldiers were defeated.Zhu Geliang had to withdraw his troops back to ghe Shu Kingdom.His carefully arranged campaign thus failed.Ma Shu had a close relationship with Zhu Geliang due to his hardworking and his contribution to the development shui's army.Tears ran down Zhu Geliang's face when he ordered to execute Ma Shu for his error.The two storied displayed Zhu Geliang's flexible tactics in accordance with different occasions.More-over,Zhu Geliang used the same method to manage his government and the kingdom for the social stability and economic prosperity.The second yard,dedicated Zhu Geliang, has a bell tower on the right and a drum tower on the left of the entrance.A most unusual casting iron incense burner is in the imddle of the path, which leads to the hall.Zhu Geliang's statue,accompainied by his son on the right and his grandson on the left, stands in the middle of the hall.The statue is 2m high.Zhu Geliang is dressed in a golden overcoat with a feather fan in his hand.He looks as if he was still concerned about his kingdom and his local people.On the left side of Zhu Geliang's statue is a bronze drum, a relic dated back to the 5th century.Originally ancient minority groups in souhest China often used it as a cooket.Later it became a sort of music instrument for some special occasions.It was said that during Zhu Geliang's southwest expedition his soldiers used it as a cooker during the day and struck it at night as emergency approached.Zhu Geliang was renowned military strategist and statesman in the early three Kingdom period.A native of Shandong Province,he was living in Long Zhong,Hubei when Liu Bei went to his house three times.Liu Bei sincerely invited Zhu Geliang to join in reconquest of the Han Empire,but for the first two times it was said that Zhu Geliang was not at home.On the third time when Liu Bei met Zhu Geliang in his house,he agreed to assist Liu Bei.It was in his house that Zhu Geliangand Liu Bei had a dialogue relating to the current situation and reconquest of the Han Empire, In Liu Bei's hall hangs Zhu Geliang's ambitious “Long Zhong dialogue(隆中对）”and his “Letter To The Throne Before An Expedition”.Zhu Geliang served as Prime minister of the Shu Kingdom for twenty years.During his administration Zhu Geliang brought peace to the kingdom due to his northern and southern xepeditions.The local farming production and water conservancy has advanced.He died of his hard word conservancy has advanced.He died of his hard work at the age of 54.After his death people set up temples one after another to commemorate him in the areas where Zhu Geliang worked.He was generally regarded as an excellent example of administrators in Chinese feudal dynasties.To the west of the Zhu Geliang's hall is the site of ghe Liu Bei's tomb.It is 80m in circumference and 12m high,surrounded by a circular wall.For 1700 years the tomb has remained untouched, but what is inside is unknown.内蒙古-呼伦贝尔草原英文导游辞

Lady and Genlenmen:

Welcome to HunLunbeier Grassland!First of all, I'd like to tell you why People call this bdautiful grassland Hulunbeier grassland.There is a moving legend behind it.A long, long time ago there lived a couple of lovers on the grassland.The girl was a Hu lun.The boy was Bei Er.One day a demon chief called Mang Gusi abducted HuLun and dried up the grassland.The grass withered and yellowed and domestic animals died one after another.In order to save the grassland and Hu Lun, BeiEr traved a great distance on foot, chasing after Mang Gasi day and night.Finally, he fainted from exhaustion.In his weakened state, he dreamt that the demon chief had magically turned Hu Lu,Bei Er traveled a great distance on foot, chasing after Mang Gasi day and night.Finally, he fainted from exhaustion.In his weakened state, he dreamt that the demon chief had magically turned Hu Lun into a flower which was and suffering from the windy dream in front of him.He immediately watered the flower and broke the spell.Hu Lun changed back into her former self.But the demon chief would not give up.He immediately watered the flower and broke the spell.Hu Lun changed back in to her former self.But the demon chief would not give up.He seized Hu Lun and took her away again.Hu Lun racked her brain for a way to escape.She succeeded in getting hold of the magic pearl on the demon chief`s head.On swallowing the pearl Hu Lun turned into a lake.In the meantime BeiEr had killed all of the other demons, but failed to find Hu Lun.Heartbroken, Bei Er jumped in to a lake to kill himself.All of a sudden the earth split open and formed two lakes, Hu Lun lake and Bei Er Lake, with the Wilson River closely connecting them.Later,people living on the grassland named the land hulunbeier Grassland in momory of them.HuLunbeier covers an area of 250.557 square kilometers,with a totel population of 2.66 million.The Mongolian natiality is the dominant ethic group, and 35 other nationlities,such as Dawoer, Ewenke, Elunchun, Han, Manchu, Russian, etc.live in harmony with them on the grassland.Hunlunbeier is called ―green and clean land‖ because it is relatively free of pollution.(Entering the grassland)

Now we're setting foot on Hunlunbeier Grassland.All of us have escaped from the city and its clamour and entered a place like a dreamland,Look!The grassland looks like asoft, green cerpet, Nowyou can enjoy the beautiful scenery in the distance;numeros kinds of wild flowers are in bloom, and wisps of smoke are rising continuously from the yurta scattered on the grassland.When the gentle breeze brushes against the grass, herds of horses and cattle and flock of sheep seem to be drifting from here ro there.What a beautiful picture!

(Visiting a yurt)

This is the yurt we saw from the bus just now.Look!The host and his family have come out of the to greet us.Of couse, this is not an arranged reception, to be sure.But before we enter the yurt, I'dlike to make a brief introduction on the folk costoms here.No matter which yurt you happen to visit, you will finethat on hesring your footsteps the Mongolian people will extend a warm welcome outsite the yurt, to do justice to their reputed hospitality.When greeting you, they will put their hands against their chests and bow slightly.With a ―how do you do,‖ They invite their guestsin.Male guests are invited to sit on the left and female on the right, while host sits in midle.The moment you take your seats, your host will have milk tea and various kinds of milk products pleaced in front of you.After a white, you will most probably probabyly be asked to help yourself to a special course called ―shouba lamd.‖ As a way of showing respct to his distinguished guest, your hast will prsent you with a ―hada‖(a piece of silk used as a greeting gift), Together with a cup of lacal wine.Mongolians are well known for theirtalent in singing and dancing.Their beautiful songs are as entertaining and pleasant as the blue sky, white clouds, greengrass and fresh flowers, In folk culture, there is a saying that a feast is not a true feast without the company of songs.Every person in the grassland, man or woman, old or young, can sing folk songs.When proposing toasts to their guests, they will show their hospitality by singing folksongs and playing special fiddles.The Mongolian people have lived on the vast grassland for a long time, and they have refined their talent for sing and dancing.You can not only please your eyes with their traditional ethnic dancing but also with their mondern ones featuring merry rhythms and vigorous steps.Now let`s enter the yurt and take advantage of this opportunity to be guests in a Mongolian herdsman`s home.(Stepping out of the yurt)

Under the blue sky and white clouds, you will see a vivid picture of flocks of sheep and herds of cattle, galloping horses and skillful herdsen on horseback brandishing horsewhips.Do you want to go for a ride ? If you are skilled at riding, why not ride a Mongolian horse for a while or wander about on camelback?If you are afraid of riding horses or camels,never mind.You still can enjoy the nomandic life by taking a special Mongolian vehicle called a ―Lele‖.(Briefing on the physique of Mongolians)

Now you have had a look at the grassland with your own eyes, but did you noticed that the Mongolian girls are graceful,elegant and vigorous, and the young fellow are robust, heroic and muscular? It is said that this has much to do with their life styles which are connected with horse sports,running and pursuing.Further,the important role played by milk tea and milk products in developing their muscles and bones canot be underestimated.(Briefing on the dietary habit of Mongolians)

Let's start with milk tea,The host minces the tea and put it in a kettle to boil it.When the kettle starts boiling with a gurgling sound, the host pours the fresh milk into it.Thus the herdsman coming in from a snowstorm will warm up immediately after having such a cup of milk tea.A bowl of milk tea, stir-fried rice, several piece of a dry milk product and some lamb is regarded as a delicious meal by the ordinary Mongolian herdsman.Milk products include the skin of boiled milk, milk curd, milk wine, cheese, butter and so on.The formal meal may be served with meat and a flour-base product.While you are here on the grassland, it will be a great pity if you do not try ―Shouba Lamb‖(boil meat which is eaten using a knife and your hands).The lamb is first cut into big slices and then put into boiling water to cook.When it is half done, you cut it into smaller pieces with the Mongolian knife and eat it.TheMongolian people think that half-done meat contains more nutrients.(Briefing on Mongolian clothing)

The Mongolian robe is unique to this ethnic group.The robe is often matched with a belt and head decorations.With its high collar and long sleeves, the robe protects people from mosquitoes.The middle part of the robe is made loose for the convenience of riding horses and is long enough to keep the knees warm.You can find all kinds of clothes here today, but the robe is the cultural heritage of the Mongolians and has become a symbol of their national conscience and identity.(Briefing on Mongolian yurta)

You can see mongolian yurta here and there on grassland.But do you know the history and structure of the mongolian yurta?According to the historical records of the Xiongnu,an ancient ethnic group, their ancestors lived in the Northland long ago.Their living quarters were called yurta.In this sense Mongolians, as a ethnic group, can date to 4,000 years ago.So the Mongolian yurta are a symbol of the history of this ethnic group.Now let`s talk about the construction of a yurt are a symbol of the history of this ethnic group, Now let`s talk about the construction of a yurt.Herdsmen first build a round foundation with pieces of stones, Then they set up the structure with wodden wods and beams linked together with wollen or fur ropes,Lastly, they cover the structure with animal skins or felt blankets.The ceiling of the yurt is round.With such a structure, the yurt can withstand snowstorms and heavy rainfalls.The door of the yurt is small and down to the ground.The yurt can be easily moved and this is suitable for nomadic life.This accounts for the reason why the structure of the yurt remains unchanged till today.If the Mongolian yurt is seen as the home of the herdsmen, then the ―lele‖carts can be viewed as their mobile homes.―lele‖carts move slowly with big noise.It is hard to tell when the history of ―lele‖carts began.All the carts are made of birch, so they will reain in good condition even in wet weather.The wheels of the carts are tall and can easily roll across the uneven roads, lush bushes, thick snow and marshes.―lele‖carts are indispensable for herdsmen when they move cross snow-covered areas.(Briefing on Mongolian festivals)

There are a lot of Mogolian festivals held every year on the grassland, but the most famous one is Nadam,the carnival the grassland.―Nadam‖in the Mongolian language means recreation or entertainment.When it comes, there will be a lot of performances,such as horse racing, wrestling, archery and some other special ethnic performances.The Nadam fair is a time-honored festival and was known world wide for 700years, Nowadays the Nadam fair is often held during the harvest season of the grassland, either in June or July.During that period, herdsmen often take the opportunity to sell domestic animals and livestock products and purchasse daily necessilties and livelihood-related goods.Acturally, the herdsmen have few chances to get together on such a vast grassland, so Nadam also plays the role of a big trade fair for them, When we talk about Nadam, we should also talk about offering sacrifice at ―Aobao‖.―Aobao ‖in Mogolian means a pile of rocks or earth.On the vast and endless grassland, it is hard to tell directions, so people thought of pilling rocks or earth to mark them, In its long historical development Aobao has become the shrine to offer scrifices to the God of the Mountain and the God of the Road.During the sacrifice –offering ceremony,people insert tree branches into the Aobao and put pieces of colorful cloth or paper flags with written scripture on the branches There are four types of memorial ceremonies, namely blood,wine,fire and jade.No matter what type it is, a lama will be invited to butn incenses, chant scriptures and pray for the blessing of the people and their livestock.Participants will walk around the Aobao clockwise three times.After the ceremony, the herdmen will not only enjoy horse races,wrestling and archery, but also singing, dancing and drinking to their heart`s content.Around that time, young lovers will probably leave the crowd to be in a world of their own.Dear,distinguished guests,after this tour of this grassland I believe you must have a general idea of how the Mongolian pelple live here and may een feel reluctant to leave the beautiful hulunbeier Grassland.I belive the grassland and its people enjoyed your visit as much as you did and look forward to your next one.Ladies and Gentlemen,I hope to have another chance to meet you again on this very land, the Hulunbeier Grassland.Goodbye and good luck.四川-杜甫草堂英文导游辞

Du Fu(712~770)Thatched Cottage used to be the former hone of Du Fu, one of the greatest poets in the Tang Dynasty.Located in the western suburbs of Chengdu, the spot is marked by a stream, ancient style architecture, pavilion pagodas and age-old trees.The cottage consists of six important parts, They are the Front Gate, the Lobby, the Hall of poem History, the Water Pavilion, the Gongbu Shrine and the Thatched Cottage.At the time of the Tang Dynasty, Du Fu's poetry first came to be recognized.Readers of many different periods have considered Du Fu to be the greatest poet of the Chinese tradition.Such general agreement can partially be explained by the immense variety of his work, which holds up quite well to different tastes and historical changes in fashion.Like Shakespeare in English tradition, Du Fu's poetry came to be so deeply bound up with the constitution of literary value that generation after generation of poets and critics rediscovered themselves and their interests in some aspect of the poet'

Chinese critics from the Song Dynasty referred to Du Fu as the“poet-historian”.Both before and after the An Lushan Revolt, Du Fu witnessed a typical political and social situation;the common people still lived in poverty while the emperor and his top officials enjoyed a foolishly luxurious life.He composed many poems such as “Song of the War Chariots”, “Three Officials”，and “Three Departures”。His poems expressed his dissatisfaction with the government and his great pity for the common people.Du Fu used his poems to comment on current events and historical images.Du Fu became the historian by creating his responses to particular situations.Du Fu was talented.When he was young, he wanted to get a good job in the government.Unfortunately Du Fu was refused several times.He was in his fifties when he began to serve as a minor official in Changan(Xi'an).Gongbu was his official title and probably he was in charge of the lical industry.Du Fu was not a skilled survivor in government politics.He was dismissed in the form of a transfer to the post of personnel administrator in Huazhou and so left Changan.Du Fu soon gave up this minor post in disgust and set off with his family to Qinzhou in the Northwest.After a short stay he moved on again and in 759 he arrived in Chengdu.He set up a modest cottage with some money he borrowed from his friend who served as a local governor.In the cottage he had a simple and peaceful life for three years, writing about 240porms.Mostly inspired by the cottage, the stream nearby and the scenery in Chengdu.These poems give the impression that he was happier in Chengdu than any other time in his life.The poems of this period sound relaxed and happy.Here are some of them.In Chengdu the flutes and the strings

You hear them so loud even in the daytime

The melody fades in the river wind

And half in the towering clouds above us

Oh it should never be played here

It belongs to the emperor's hraven

We thank you for what is not ours

But the emperor will be hearing it also

Two yellow orioles sing in the tenser green willow

A line of herons crosses the blue sky

When you open the west-facing window

The snow is framed in the summit of the mountain

And the ships that will sail east for Dong Wu

They lie at anchor in the sun-filled doorway

A good rain knows its season

It brings thins to life right in spring

It enters the night, unseen with the breeze

It moistens things gently and without sound

Du Fu left Chrngdu after 762 and wandered in the southern provinces and eventually died of illness in 770.After his death, the people if Chrngdu built a shrine on the site of his garden to honor him.Since then, it brcame the custom to visit on the seventh day of the lunar month(around the middle of February).An ancient couplet still hangs on the top of the front door.It reads:“锦江春风公占却，草堂人日我归来。”It was written by a scholar of the Qing Dynasty, whose name was He Shaoji.The couplet means that Du Fu owned the Jingjiang river and the spring breeze;on the seventh day of the first lunar month did I come to visit his cottage.The original cottage no longer exists and the buildings within the cottage compound.South west of the city, have been repaired and added to thirteen times since the eighth century.The Gongbu Shrine is at the center of the six important sites in the cottage compound……It is a small hall in the eastern section of the grounds, dedicated to the memory of Du Fu.It contains a statue of du fu flanked by ghose of two other poets;Huang Tingjian(1045-1105)on the right and Lu You(1125-1210)on the left.Thesee two poets were both from the Song Dynasty and occupied an important place in the traditional Chinese literature history.Huang Ting jian, from Xiu Shui in which affected his official posts.Later when his opposition party was in power, he was dismissed from his major official post and banished to Yizhou.Huang was one of the followers of Su Shi.He sincerely studied Du Fu's poetry and intentionally car during theearly song Dynasty.Lu You, from Shaoxing in Zhejiang held a succession of mionor of ficial posts but was unable to affect any of the political reforms he advocated.Im 1172, he began to serve in the army on the Sichuan-Shaanxi border.It is known that sometime later he was dismissed from a post im jiangxi for distributing government grain to relieve famine.Lu You was a prolific poet and more than nine thousand poems have survived.Both Huang ting jian and Lu You are noted for their ardent patriotism.Here are some of their poems :

Looking all round, a fine sight of hills and waters I found:

Leaning on the Tower railing, I could enjoy what was sweet:

The fragrance of water chestnuts and lotus stretching far

The soft breeze and bright moon which were both

Free and made tower cool;

(Huang tingjian, Tr, Guo Zhuzhang)

Erect hedge and implant fence to shield and sustain these new bamboo，They are meticulously cultivated and their dark green color is reflected in ripples.The blowing of the cool breeze tells the early coming of autumn，And I am not aware of the blazing sun in the sky at such high noon.I hear the rustling sound when the sheath is shedding from the sprouts.And see the dense fluttering shadows of these newly grown young bamboos.Once I retire from my position, here will be the place to which I often come, And carry with me along a pillow and a mat that are made of bamboo.(Lu You, Tr.Cui Wenkai)

In the traditional Chinese literature history, there were thousands of poets, Why were these two poets selected to accompany Du Fu ?there are three reasons:Firstly, they made greart achievements in studying Du Fu's poetry.Secondly, they used to live in Sichuan, and enjoyed their stay, thirdly, Du FU's statue might have been lonely in the gongbu Shrine without any accompaniment.so when people placed the statues together, they ghought that the three poets might have time to talk about their poetry.the Shrine of the Three Sages is named from the above-mentioned story.Inside the shrine are two valuable stone tablets from the Qing Dynasty, on which the whole picture of the thatched Cottage has been engraved.the tablets showus the design and development of the cottage dated bace to the Qing Dynasty.Also an other two stone tablets are in the shrine, which tell the story about the refurbishment of the cottage and the reason why Huang tingjian and Lu You's statues stay with Du Fu's.On left side of the Gongbu Shrine is a huge tablet placed in a straw-roofed pavilion.Prince Guo of the Qing Dynasty wrote the calligraphy on the tablet when he visited the cottage.A screen wall at the entrance to the Flowery Path is decorated with the characters Caotang(Thatched Cottage)at old blue and white ceramic fragment.At present, du Fu's cottage is a museum.It has a rich collection of over 30000bound volumes, and 2000cultural relics, the bound volumes include thea ncient cut blocks photo-offset, hand-written, and modern stereotyped copies, the translation editions are in 15 languages.As you walk around the cottage, you will experience the traditional Chinese culture and literature characterized by Du Fu's poems.四川-峨眉山英文导游辞

Mt.Emei is one of the “four famous mountains”in China.It lies about 168km from Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan Province.Before the tour of the holy mountain, it is important to obtain some inforation about the spread of Buddhism in China, Buddhism in Mt.Emei and its hiking routes.The Spread of the Buddhism

Buddhism was founded in India around the 16th century BC.It is said that the founder was Sakyamuni.Sskyua was the name of the clan to which his family belonged.Sakyamuni was a prince and was brought up in luxury.In his 20s, he became discontented with the world.Every day he had to face with sights of sickness, death and old age since the body was inescapably involved with disease, decrepitude and death.Around the age of 30 he made his break from the material world and plunged off in search of enlightenment.Sakyamuni began by studying Hindu philosophy and Yoga.Then he joined a band of ascetics and tried to break the power of his body by inflicting severe austerities on himself.However, no matter how he held his breath until his head burst and starved his body until his ribs jutted out, he failed to enlighten himself.Finally Sakyamuni followed the principle of the middle way in which he would live between the extremities of asceticism on one hand and indulgence on the other.As the story goes, he devoted the final phase of his search for enlightenment to meditation and mystic concentration.One evening he sat beneath a fig tree, slipped into a deep meditation and achieved enlightenment from his mystic concentration.Sakyamuni founded an order of monks and for the next 45 years or so peached his ideas around 480 BC.Sakyamuni teaches that all life is suffering.Everyone is subjected to the trauma of birth, to sickness, decrepitude and death.Real happiness can't be achieved until suffering is overcome.The cause of unhappiness is 'desires',specifically the desire of the body and the desire personal fulfillment.In order to overcome the desirs and achieve happiness, it requires the following eight-fold path.1.Right knowledge

Buddhist followers should believe that all life is suffering.It is caused by the desire for personal gratification.2.Right Aspiration

Buddhist followers should becomw passionately involved with the knowledge of what life's problems basically are.3.Right Speech

Buddhist followers shousd avoid lies, idle talk, abuse,alander and deceit.4.Right Behavior

Buddhist followers should show kindness and avoid self-seeking and personal fulfillment in all actions.5.Right Livelihood

Buddha considers spiritual progress impossible if one has occupied himself/herself with slave-dea-ling or prostitution.6.Right Effort

The effort os the will to develip virtues and curb paddion.7.Right Mindfulness

Buddhist followers should practise self-exami-nation and cultivate themselves to overcome the state of semi-alertness and become aware of what os happwning to them.8.Right Absorption

The absorption involves the techniques of Hinduism's raja yoga and leads to the same goal.By following the eight fokd pah, Buddhist followers aims to attain Nirvana, a condition beyond the limits of the mind, feelings, thoughts, the will and ecstasy.Buddhism accepts the concept of reincarnation, the circle of rebirth;it accepts the law of cause and effort.Buddhism has many sects, of which the Mahayana and the hinayana are two major schools.The Mahayana holds that the fate of the individual is linked to the fate of all others.The Buddha won't float off into his own Nirvana leaving other peope behind.He not ony shows the people the way up into their Nirvana, but also continues to exude spiritual help to those seeking Nirvana.The Hinayana holds that the path to Nirvana is an individual purauit.People who seek Nirvana must tread the path to Nirvana on their own.Mahayana Buddhism is generally believed to have been ntroduced into regions inhabited by the Han people around the first century A.D.In the Wei and Jin Dynasties(220-420)it spread to a fairly large part of the country.During the Southern anB Northern Dynasties(420-589)the ruling cladd furthered the dissemination of Buddhism.More temples and monasteries were built;Buddhist scriptures were translated.The influence of Buddhism was felt everywhere across the conutry.By the Sui and Tang Dynasties(581-907)Buddhism had reached its apex of popularity and splendor.Buddhism gradually took root in the Chinese soiety, having adapted considerably to Chinese ways of thinking and practice.As the most influential religion in China, Buddhism has an impact on Chinese philosophy, morality, literature, art and many other foelds.Buddhism in Mt.Emei

It is almost two thousand years since Buddhism was introduced from India.Its monasteries covers everywhere in China except a few Daoist mountains like Mt.Qingcheng.It is commonly said that Buddhist monks have occupied much mote well-known mountains for their Buddhist ptrpose than Daoist priests.However, most of Buddhist followers bwliwvw that only the fotr famous mountains in China are the Buddhist holy places.They are Mt.Wmei in Sichuan, Mt.Putuo in Zhejiang, Mt.Wuta in Shaanxi and Jiuhua in Anhui.Each mountain is dedicated to different Bodhisattvas.In Chinese Bodhisattva usually is referred as pusa, a potential Buddha, who has achieved perfect enlightenment and decided to bring salvation to all suffering creatures before entering into Nirvana.Therefore, each Bodhisattva has his own ritual place to salvage suffering creatures.Wenshu performs the Buddhist rites in Mt Wuta, and Guanyin in Mt.Putuo.Dizang is said to have gained enlightenment in Mt Jiuhua.Puxian is regarded as one of the four well-known Bodhisattvas of China's Buddhism.Legend has it that Mt.Emei in Sichuan is the place where he performs the Buddhist rites.Puxian and Wenshu appear in a pair in suppirt of Sakymuni.They usually stand side by side with Sakymuni.The middle.Puxian is the right attendant.He rides a white elephant, and Wenshu a lion as we often see in monasteries.Wenshu is a symbol of Wisdom while Puxian Benevolence.Buddhism encourages its followers to study hard at the Buddhist theory, and then use what they have learnt to do charitable works for the purpose of salvaging the suffering creatures.More likely Wisdom and Benevolence display the Buddhist proceess step by step.One of the Buddhist doctrines says that after Puxian achieved perfect enlightenment, he vowed to retrn back to the world and not to accept his own salvation until all sentient beings, humans and animals had been saved.Puxian went out on his elephant to realize his ambition.his six-tusk elephant enjoys a high statue in the Buddhist world known as the Elephant King.Wannian Monastery is dedicated to the gilded statue of Puxian who sits on the white elephant.This statue, 8.5m high, is cast in copper and bronze, weighing estimatedly 62,000kg in a brick hall.One doctrine says:“Puxian has many images.He puts himself into different forms based on the Buddhist predestined relationship.The ordinary human beings can only see him in a human bodily form, who sometimes stands by Sakyamuni,or simetimes rides on his white elephant.” According to the explanation of the Buddhist texts, it is almost impossible for the ordinary human beings to see Puuxian's Fa and Bao images unless they hike up to the Golden summit of the mountain, where the pious Buddhists may see Puxian's Bao image in Buddhist Aureole-rainbow rings.In ancient times the Buddhist Aureole was called the illuminant image,which indicates that the Puxian reveals himself in his BUddhist Aureole only before the people who have the Buddhist predestined relationship.It is the iluminant image in the Golden Summit that has made the mountain nationally famous.At the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty,Buddhism came imto China.It is commonly said that Buddhism began to develop in Sichuan during the Eastern Jin Dynasty.It is very hard to find out when the first monastery was built,and who was the first Buddhist monk to perform his rites in the mountain.The local historical records have no written information about Buddhism in the mountain,which occurred before the Jin Dynasty.As early as in 400 a monk by the name of Huichi arrived at Mt.Emei.At that time only a few ascetic practitioners lived in the animal-haunted mountain.Staying with them,Huichi started to build a temple with a statue of Puxian set up inside.The current Wan Nian Monastery grew out of the earliest temple.Huichi was considered the founder of Buddhism in the mountain.During the Western Jin Dynasty(265-317)a Daoist priest by the name of Qianming estab lished a Daoist temple called Qian Ming Temple in the mountain.It was the biggest Daoist temple in the mountain where a hundred Daoists priests performed Daoism.At the beginning of the southern and Nouthern Dynasties(420-550), the priests decided to choose their head to be in charge of the temple.However, they had an endless dispute because of the difference of opinions.A Bddhist monk by the name of Mingguo went to the temple and taught the priests Buddhism.Finally all the priests were converted to Buddhism, and the Daoist temple became a Buddhist monastery by the name of Zhong Feng Moonastery,During the Southern and Nouthern Dynasties,Buddhism developed in the mountain.A monk from India came to Sichuan.His name was Baozhang,the first foreign monk who arrived at the mountain after his short stay in Chengdu.According to the local historical records,Baozhang set up a monastery by the name of Ling Yan Monastery.A stream flowed along the foreground of the monastery.Behind it ,over a misty mountain,dark trees merged imperceptibly into the rest of the landscape.The monastery continued its development in the following dynasties.It was said that the monastery was the biggest in the mountain with 48 halls inside in the Ming Dynasty.Unfortu-nately it was destyroyed by a fire towards the end of the Ming Dynasty.During his stay in China Baozhang translated Buddhist scriptures into Chinese and made a contribution to the culture exchange between China and India.During the Tang Dynasty(618-907)Buddhism in Sichuan developed considerably because some emperors supported Buddhism During their reins.some important Buddhist constructions were set up in Sichuan such as Bao Guang Monastery(the divine light monastery)in xindu County ,the Giant Buddha in Leshan City ,and Wen Shu Monastery in Chengdu.Of course, Buddhism in the mountain was no exception.Some famous monks kept visiting the mountain.Xuan Zang made a pilgrimage to the sacred land of India to collect manuscripts and images and visit the well-known shrines from 629 to 645, leaving a valuable account of his travels in his “Records of the western Regions”, Before his journey ,Xuan Zang came to the mountain.He visited Puxian,earnestly hoping to get blessings from him.On his way up to the mountain he came across an old monk who offerd him a Buddhist scripture.After reading it ,Xuan zang felt more confident for his long journey to india.Legend has it that Puxian put himself in the bodily form of the old monk.From 779 to 805, Weigao, the local top military commander in west Sichuan, donated to support Buddhist development both in Leshan and Mt.E-mei.During the rein of Xizong(874-888)of the Tang Dynasty, a well-known monk by the name of Huitong came to the mountain from Zhijiang.He stayed in Baishui Monastery as the abbot, He employed many workers to maintain and enlarge the existed monasteries, and at the same time he himself arrfanged workers to establish Qingyin Pavilion Monastery.He even invited his yiunger sister huixu, a Buddhist nun to stay in He Shui Monastery.Huixu was the first unu in Mt.Emei.During the Song Dynasty Buddhism in the moutain further developed, In 964 Zhao Kuangyin the first empperor of the Song dynasty sent a 300-member-delegation of monks headed by Jiye, a well-known monk to India to obtain Buddhist scriptures, In 976 they came back with Buddhist materials and images.Due to Jiye's great deeds, Emperor Taizhong honored him by allowing him to choose a place in China to perform his Buddhism.Jiye decided to go to Mt.Emei, where he stayed in Niuxin Monastery to perform his Buddhist rites.Zao Kuangyin also asked one of his assistants by the name of Zhang to come to Chingdu, where Zhang was responsible for casting a 8.50-meter-high statue of Puxian in copper and bronze, and then transporting it to the Baishui Monastery on the site of the Wannian Monastery.Several Sing emperors kept presenting Buddhist scriptures, paintings and valuable gifts to Baishui Monasters stood at the lower part of the mountain.At that time only a few visitors or monks hiked the mountain via the current Wannian Monastery.The monasteries above Wsnnisn Monsastery remained very primitive, still less the monastery on the Golden Summit, which was no more than a wooden house without a monk to live in.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties most of the emperors helped develop Buddhism in China.Zhu Yuanzhang, the first ming Emperor used to be a monk.In his monk career Zhu Yuanzhang had a close contact with a monk by the name of Guangji who later worked in a monastery in the mountain.Zhu Yuanzhang asked him to reestablisshed Xiwa Monastery.After the completion of the monastery, Zhu Yuanzhang summoned him to stay in the capital of the Ming Dynasty, but Guangju kindly refsed the invitqation and cotinued his stay in the mountain.Zhu Yijun was the ling-reining Ming Emperor(1573-1620)who was buried in Dingling, one of the ming Tombs.he and his two wives reposed in the underground palace, which was excavatedf in August, 1956.As a story goes, his mother wanted very much to give a birth to a boy in order to inherit the imperial throne.Therefore, she came to the mountain where she kneeled before the statue of Puxian in Baishui Monastery vowing that she would establish a new monastery and gilt the statue of Puxian if she was blessed to have a boy.Soon afterwards Zhu Yijun was born, and he himself ascended the throne as expected.In 1600 the emperor issued an imperial edit to establish a beamless brick hall and gilt the statue of Puxian on the white elephant.He even renamed Baishui Monastery as Wannian Monastery to celebrate his mother's birthday.In 1602 four bronze halls were cast in Changan on the current site of Xi'an.One of them was moved up to the top of the mountain from which the Golden Summut was named.The hall was 8m high and 5m wide.There are no written records about how the hall was carried uyp the mountain.Unfortunately the hall was completely destroyed by a fire.In 1828 a monk by the name of Yuexzhao collected donations to set up a glazed-golden-roof brick hall, which replaced the bronxe hall.In 1972 another fire occurred, The hall, a telecom tower and andther monastery were all destroyed.The new monastery completed in 1990 still bears traces of its original splendor.Towards the end of the Ming Dynasty, Buddhism declined because of a local war, which lasted many years in Sichuan.By the end of the Qing Dynasty Buddhism in the mountain had been restored as much as in the Ming Dynasty.Both Baoguo and Fuhu monasteries were enlatged in the Qing Dynasty and now become the largest ones in the mountain.Before 1949, there were more than 70 monasteries and over 3,000 monks in all in the mountain.The monasteried owned a large amount of farming land to stpport the monks.Half of farmers at the foot of the mountain worked for the monasteries.Routes concerned

Every Chinese or overseas visitor enkoys climbing to the top of Mt.Emei——the Golden Summit more than 10,000-feet-high.The mountain itself is shrouded in the ever-hanging cloud of fog.Fir trees, pines and cedarsclithe the slopes;lofty crags, cloud-kissing precipices, butterflies and azaleas together form a nature reserve of sorts.At the Golden Summit one stands above the fog and gets a beautiful view, especially in the early morning when mountaintops are bathed in the radiance of the rising sun.Late in the tare afternoon the viewers may see the Magic Light,which appears as a multicolored ring of light in the sky with the shadow of the viewer moves.This light phenomenon was traditionally known as Buddha's Aureole or the Emei Buddhist Glory.Actually it is a rainbow ring, produced by tefraction of water particles that attach themselves to a person's shadow in a cloudbank below the summit.Devout Buddhists, thinking this was a call from yonder,used to jump off the Cliff of Self-Sacrifice in the belief that they would thus encounter Puxian.So during the Ming and Qing dynasties officials set up iron poles and chain railings to prevent sticides.Totrists usually start their ascent of the mountain at Baoguo Monastery, originally constructed in the 6th century but entirely rebuilt in the 17th.There are two paths to Jinding, named after a glistening bronxe hall that once crowned the main peak of the mountain.The northern path is wide and easy to follow.The southern path is more rugged and winding.Because it is easier to go up than to come down, most people ascend by the southern route and return on the northern one.At predent there is a cable-car transportation up to the summit.Tourists can continue either on foot or by cable-car.The northern route passes Bailong Cave, Wannian Monastery and Zhanlao Terrace.The southern route passes through Fuhu Monastery, Qingyinge Monastery, Jiulao Cave and Yuxian Monastery.The two paths converge and lead to Xixian Poolm so called after the legend that Puxian passed here on his white elphant, which he washed in the pool before resuming his trip.Xixi9an Pool is the place where tourists frequently come across wild monkeys who usually stand along the path begging for food from tourists.The Chinese find the monkeys an integral part of the mountain trip and like to offer them some food fo0r fun.If you have no food, you should thrust open palms towards the monkeys to show you have no food.The path continues to Leidongping Tettace, a small temple in which the thunder god was supposed to live, and finally to jinding-the Golden Summit itself.The hiking is spectacular and tiring, and the path difficult to follow in places.No matter whether you ascend or descend, youy have to keep a cautious eye on the next step.You should stop occasionally to get a longer view and enjoy the beautiful scenes.The scenery is also and excusw to rest and let your pounding hearts slow down.Whenever you come across a lovely waterfall and spectacular gorge, you should sit by the waterfall, content with the stately beauty and blessings of that spot.陕西-西安华清池英文导游辞

Huaqing Pool is situated about 35 kilometres east of the city of Xi'an.Historically, the Western Zhou dynasty saw the construction of the Li Palace on the spot.In the Qin dynasty a pool was built with stones, and was given the name Lishan Tang(the Lishan Hot Spring).The site was extended into a palace in the Han dynasty, and renamed the Li Palace(the Resort Palace).In the Tang dynasty, Li Shimin(Emperor Tai Zong)ordered to construct the Hot Spring Palace, and Emperor Xuan Zong had a walled palace built around Lishan Mountain in the year of 747.It was known as the Huaqing Palace.It also had the name Huaqing Pool on account of its location on the hot springs.Huaqing Pool is located at the foot of the Lishan Mountain, a branch range of the Qinling Ranges, and stands 1,256 metres high.It is covered with pines and cypresses, looking very much like a like a dark green galloping horse from a long distance.So it has the name of the Lishan Mountain(Li means a black horse).The Tang dynasty Emperor Xuan Zong and his favourite lady, Yang Gui Fei used to make their home at Frost Drifting Hall in winter days.When winter came, snowflakes were floating in the air, and everything in sight was white.However, they came into thaw immediately in front of the hall.It owed a great deal to the luke warm vapour rising out of the hot spring.This is the Frost Drifting Hall that greets us today.Close by the Frost Drifting Hall lies the Nine Dragon Pool.According to legend, the Central Shaanxi Plain was once stricken by a severe drought in the very remote past.Thus, by the order of the Jade Emperor(the Supreme Deity of Heaven), an old dragon came at the head of eight young ones, and made rain here.Yet when the disaster was just abating, they lowered their guard so much that it became serious again.In a fit of anger, the Jade Emperor kept the young dragons under the Jade Cause Way(玉堤), with the Morning Glow Pavilion and the Sunset Pavilion built at both ends of it respectively, to make the young dragons spout cleat water all day long to meet the needs of local irrigation.Besides, he had the old dragon confined to the bottom of the Roaring Dragon Waterside Pavilion situated at the upper end of the Jade Causeway, and obliged him to exercise control over the young.The Nine-Bend Corridor west of the Nine Dragon Pool leads directly to the Marble Boat, which resembles a dragon boat on the water surface.In the Marble Boat lies the Nine Dragon Tang(the Nine Dragon Hot Spring where Emperor Xuan Zong used to take baths).At the head of his court ladies and hundreds of his officials, he would come to the Huanqing Palace to spend his winter days in October of the Lunar calendar and return to Chang'an City as the year drew to its close.The Nine Dragon Hot Spring was originally built with crystal jade, whose surface was decorated with the carvings of fish, dragons, birds and flowers.In it twin lotus flowers also carved with white jade could be seen as well.The spring water welled from the break of an earthen jar, and spouted up to the lotus flowers.Hence the name Lotus Flower Tang(the Lotus Flower Hot Spring).The Gui Fei Bathing Pool was where Yang Gui Fei, Emperor Xuan Zong's favorite lady, used to take bath.It was originally built with white jade, and in its center a blooming flower spouted water like a spring.The pool looked very much like a Chinese flowering crabapple;Hence its name the Chinese Flowering Crabapple Hot Spring or the Lotus Hot Spring……

Lady Yang used to make a stay in this pavilion to see sights or to air her hair after a bath.Therefore, it was named the Hair Airing Pavilion.Whether the sun was rising or setting, the pavilion was aglow with sunshine;hence the name the Flying Roseate Pavilion.Southwest of the Gui Fei Bathing Pool stands a brick-built pavilion.On its head three big Chinese characters ―Xi Jia Lou‖(Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion)are inscribed according to the model of the most celebrated according to the model of the most celebrated Chinese calligrapher, Yu You Ren, here is the source of the spring water.At this spa there are four hot springs.They have an hourly flow of 112 tons, and a constant temperature of 43°C.The spring water contains lime, sodium carbonate, sodium sulphate and other minerals, which makes it suitable for bathing and considerable treatment of quite a few diseases such as dermatosis, rheumatism, arthritis and muscular pain.The Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion marks the first source of the spring water, which was discovered some 3,000 years ago, roughly in the Western Zhou Dynasty.Its water flow averages 25 tons per hour.Take up the steps east of the source of hot springs, you will gradually see the Five-Room Pavilion where Chiang Kaishek made a temporary stay during the Xi'an Incident.The Xi'an Incident took place on December 12, 1936, and it is also known as the Double Twelfth Incident.After the Incident of September 18, 1936, the Japanese imperialists seized the three provinces northeast of China, and intensified their invasion of North China.This was the very moment vital to the Chinese nation.Yet Chiang Kaichek persisted doggedly in carrying out his reactionary policy ―domestic tranquility is a must for the resistance against Japanese invades,‖ and commanded the Northeast Army and Northwest Army, respectively headed by Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, to attack the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region.Inspired by our Party‗s policy ―let us stop the internal war and unit to resist the Japanese aggressors,‖ those two generals made to Chiang Kaishek the proposal of forming a united front with the Communist Party for the resistance.Not only did he reject the proposal, but flew to Xi'an to scheme the ―suppression of the Communist Party.‖ And the slaughter of the patriotic youth.Out of patriotism, Zhang and Yang started the famous Xi‘an Incident.Very early on the morning of December 12, 1936 the Incident was impending.Zhang Xueliang, together with Yang Hucheng ordered a squad of bodyguards to surround the Huaqing Pool.They fought a fierce battle there, and wiped out Chiang's bodyguards in one vigorous effort.The sound of firing came to Chiang Kaishek, and he was so terrified that he crept out of the window with his nightgown and slippers only.What‗s more, he hurt his spinal bone, and lost one of his slippers while crossing over the back wall.He staggered up Lishan Mountain, and hid himself behind a stone in the crevice halfway on it.Those brave soldiers began to search the mountain immediately when they rushed into the Five-Room Pavilion to find that Chiang's hat and clothes were still there and that his quilt remained warm.In the end they found Chiang Kaishek, and thus escorted him to Xi‘an.In order to avoid a civil war and try t establish a national united front for the resistance against Japan, Mao Zedong on behalf of the C.C.P.C.insisted on a peaceful settlement of the Incident.Therefore, a delegation headed by Zhou Enlai was sent to Xi'an.Zhou Enlai and his suite did a large amount of work there, took everything possible into consideration, and ultimately forced Chiang Kaishek to accept the proposal by his two generals.On December 25, Chiang was freed, and flew back to Nanjing.The Xi‗an Incident was so peacefully settled.The peaceful settlement of the Incident put an end to the internal war which had lasted for ten years, and accelerated the formation and development of the national united front for the anti-Japanese drive.Moreover, it showed that the co-operative relationships between the Communist and Nationalists arrived at a new stage.It marked a great turning point in modern Chinese history.In the year of 1946 the KMT government had a ―National Rejuvenation Pavilion‖ built near the crevice where Chiang Kaishek had hidden himself in the Incident.It was also called ―Vital Energy Pavilion‖.After the national liberation it was renamed ―Catching Chiang Pavilion‖.Close by the pavilion stands a wooden board which carries a brief introduction to the Xi'an Incident.Iron chains and rings in the crevices east of the pavilion, by which visitors can climb up to take a look at Chiang Kaishek‗s shelter.Up the winding path east of the Five-Room-Pavilion you will catch sight of a bridge-like construction.It shines regularly with a myriad of evening sun rays both in summer and autumn, and looks very much like rainbow.So it has the name of the Hovering Rainbow Bridge.Located on the Xixiu Ridge(the West Embroidery Ridge)of the Lishan Mountain, the remains of the beacon tower of the Western Zhou Dynasty seem easy to identify.The beacon tower was mostly built at the top of the mountain to give border alarm in ancient times.It was constantly under special control.Once the enemies were pressing on towards the border, the beacon tower began to take effect: it was made to smoke in the daytime while set on fire at night.The story goes that Bao Si, Queen of the Western Zhou dynasty was highly honored, yet she never cracked a smile.King You tried many ways to put a smile on her face, but he failed over and over again.He ―called his court band to toll bells and beat gongs‖, and she pulled a long face.Then the band were asked to ―play the bamboo flute and strings‖ and she remained displeased.Afterwards, ―maids of honour served wine, festively singing and dancing,‖ and she did not let out a smile at all.―You don't like music!What on earth are you fond of?‖ the King asked.―I nearly have a liking for nothing.But I can still well remember I liked to give ear to the sound of tearing a piece of coloured silk when I was a child.It was clear anf melodious,‖ she replied.King You said in excitement, ―That is very simple.How come you didn't let me know it earlier?‖

Thus he ordered the officially appointed property manager to offer coloured silk, and made fresh and energetic maids of honour to tear it into pieces.Hundreds of bolts of coloured silk were utterly torn, but Bao Si remained unmoved.―Why didn't you let out a single smile then?‖ he asked.―I have never smiled so far, ‖ the Queen replied.The King tried over and over again, but failed repeatedly, and in the end he gave orders, ―Anyone both in and out of court who can amuse Bao Si will be awarded one thousand pieces of gold.‖

Afterwards Guo Shifu, a treacherous court official came and offered advice: ―Set the beacon tower on fire and fool your sovereign rulers.‖ That night the King and Queen reached the Lishan Mountain by carriage, and gave the order.In the split second the flames of the fire lit up the sky ad the sovereign rulers moved their troops immediately to the Lishan Mountain.There they found nothing but that the King and Queen enjoyed drinking festively.The King then dispatched his bodyguard to inform them that ―Everything should have been all right.I have just been joking with you.‖ When they got this, they looked at each other in blank dismay, and left disappointed.Sure enough, Bao Si burst into laughter, stroking her hands when she noticed all the troops come in vain and go noisily.Accordingly, Guo Shifu got a prize of one thousand pieces of gold.Later on King You did so more often than not.In 771 B.C.Quan Rong(a then minority tribe)staged an armed rebellion against the Western Zhou Dynasty.King You ordered urgently to set the beacon tower on fire, but all the sovereign rulers remained unmoved.Consequently King Yu was killed, and Bao Si was taken away.The Western Zhou dynasty vanished.Herein come the Chinese idiom ―A single smile costs one thousand pieces of gold‖ and ―The sovereign rulers are fooled by the beacon fire.‖

u ordered urgently to set the beacon tower on fire, but all the sovereign rulers remained unmoved.Consequently King Yu was killed, and Bao Si was taken away.The Western Zhou dynasty vanished.Herein come the Chinese idiom ―A single smile costs one thousand pieces of gold‖ and ―The sovereign rulers are fooled by the beacon fire.‖

第四篇：榆林市名胜古迹介绍

榆林市名胜古迹介绍

榆林市位于陕西省最北部。国务院命名的 历史文化名城。榆林市是政治、经济和文化中心。资源丰富，尤以煤、天然气为最，令世界所瞩 目，且悠久的历史，给这块土地留下许多珍贵 文物和名胜古迹。现已发现的古遗址和出土文 物，可以上溯到旧石器时代，有仰韶和龙山文 化的陶器、石器，商周的青铜器，匈奴文物，东汉画像石等一批十分珍贵的文物古迹。经文 物普查，全市有文物点3015处，收藏文物一万 六千多件，其中有部分属国家珍贵文物。有省 级重点文物保护单位千处，县区级文物保护单位122处，现简要作以下介绍。

红石峡摩崖石刻

位于榆林城北5公里处，明长城口红山脚下 的榆溪河谷，因山皆为红石，故得名为红石 峡。两山虎峙，石峡中开，一注清流，绿洲而 来。红石峡东壁原来建有红山寺，据《创建石 佛殿碑记》记载，“为宋、元间古刹”，故红 石峡最早开凿至少可追溯到宋代，有近千年的历史。

镇北台----长城第一台

位于榆林城北4.5公里处的红山之上，俗

有“东有山海关，西有嘉峪关，中有镇北台，连

着八达岭”之说，镇北台被誉为长城第一台。

白云山----全国七大道教圣地之一

位于榆林城东95公里，据《州志》云，白 云山因峰顶常有白云缭绕，故名。山势由西北 向东南倾斜，直抵黄河西岸，依山建庙，故名 白云山庙。也称白云观，据《葭州志》和庙内石碑记载，庙由道人李玉风创建于明万历三十三年(1605)。玉风道人云游到白云山，见这里孤峰耸 立云天，雾霭漂浮，犹如仙镜，就住在山上，静 心修煤油，同时还采药为当地百姓治病，他死后，人们便在山上修庙来纪念他。白云山共建庙宇房屋 五十三座，建筑面积八万多平方米，规模宏大，气 势壮观，是陕西省明、清建筑比较庞大的一组建筑群。

成陵----成吉思汗陵，成吉思汗行宫

位于榆林城北170公里，成吉思汗陵，坐落在内蒙古鄂尔多斯草原，数百年来，巴音吕呼格河的涓 涓溪水环绕着耸立在阿拉腾甘德尔包旁边的陵园，这里蓝天如碧、苍松翠柏，绿草如菌，牧马嘶鸣，牛 羊成群、簇拥着圣主的陵寝。

红碱淖----中国最大的沙漠淡水湖

位于榆林最北端的神木县境内，126公里，“淖” 是蒙古语，意思是水泊、湖泊。红碱淖地状似三角形，东西最宽处10公里，南北最长处1公里，深8.2米，水最深处10.5米，湖面海拔高为1200米，属高原性内陆湖泊，四周有7条季节河泊禽类在这里繁衍生息。

二郎山----大柳塔参观露天煤矿

统万城----大厦国都遗址

位于榆林最西端的横山县境内，120公里，统万 城是东晋时匈奴铁弗部连赫勃勃建立的“大厦国”的 都城，遗址在靖边县东北约80公里处的无定河东北岸 俗称为“白城子”，至宋代，城周围为沙漠所覆盖，遂成淡废墟。

第五篇：大连名胜古迹介绍

大连名胜古迹介绍

胜水寺详细介绍

又名观音阁，坐落于大黑山北部。这里树木葱翠，环境幽雅，游人至此，流连忘返。

胜水寺原为上院和下院两部分。下院由24间古建筑组成四合大院，今已不存。上院在高入云际的山腰上，由盘道和石蹬可攀，两侧耸立着明、清等历代石碑。考古工作者还曾在四周发现过辽金时期遗物。

登上装有石栏板的露台仰观胜水寺上院，一块圆形巨石上现出南阁区檐。由西山门门洞拾级而上，眼前出现的是一个古朴的庭院。庭院被巨大的隐仙洞所半吞，殿内供奉释伽牟尼、文殊、普贤、观音、地藏王各一尊，两侧为十八罗汉。正殿檐下原悬有历代名家手书“一洞天”、“慈云永护”、“圣德参天”等匾额。据碑文记载，胜水寺以水胜得名，这“胜水”当出自正殿右侧古井，可惜60年代初进行国防施工时水线被截。西禅房附近有天然石镜，光可鉴人。

胜水寺上院左前方高达8米的南阁，红墙黄瓦，格外醒目。登阁凭栏眺望，天海茫茫，层峦叠嶂。夏日山雨欲来或雨过初晴之时，在此可见脚下云雾翻涌、飘飘欲仙之景，蔚为壮观。此即金州古八景之一的“南阁飞云”。

响水观详细介绍

位于大黑山西北麓，是大连地区著名的道教庙字，又称响水寺、韵水寺。相传建于唐代，后世特别是清代曾多次重修。响水观依山而建，为歇山或二层砖砌飞檐结构，山门配以赭红色垣墙，再加上门外一道坡度较大的台阶，使庙字显得巍峨庄严。

响水观分南北两院，进山门即是正殿后土殿。这是一座近十米高的硬山式三楹出厦殿堂，青砖灰瓦，雕梁画栋，富丽堂皇。殿内供奉着后土、女蜗、观音等神圣。殿前院内有池塘和五棵合抱粗的大树，清水绿荫，满院生凉。北院有精舍数椽，红色木柱木棱花窗，幽静古朴，是道士们的住处和客舍。

响水观正殿右侧有一个40米深的天然洞穴，叫做瑶琴洞，洞内有清泉一泓流出，潺潺作响。泉水流出后，自南而北从嵌在寺外壁上的龙口中泻下，激至蹲伏于水塘中的碧蟾口中，哗哗作响，飞传山谷，故名“响水观”。

清泉寺详细介绍

山谷之中的千年古刹——清泉寺，建于唐贞观年间。庙宇座西朝东，依山坡之势逐层递高，形成三升三降式的六座大殿，前后落差70米，建筑面积1700平方米，处于高大的古银杏绿荫包围之中。整个寺院分为4个部分，第一部分为山门，花岗岩门楣阴刻“一洞天”大字，朱门上镌刻“明齐日月、星合乾坤”楹联，汉白玉诗屏形成巨大影壁。进入寺内正中有个一人多高的青铜古鼎，香火缭绕，两旁分别建有对称式的钟楼、鼓楼，院内边侧立有清道光二十一年的石碑。第二部分为两座大殿，中间高、两侧低，分别供奉龙王、药王。由此踏上台阶是第三部分，分立左右的两殿为楼阁飞檐式对称，供奉玉皇大帝和太上老君。由两阁间的数十米的石阶上去便是寺院内最高、最大的庙宇圣母殿。近年又在原寺院

1页（5页）前方正南峰谷中新建二重飞檐式大殿，规模比旧殿更为宏大。

清泉寺虽为佛教寺院，却集佛、道、儒三教为一体，同时还可以看出东北地区少数民族与中原地区宗教方面的一些不同之处，尽管一千多年的风风雨雨，中原与北疆时连时断，但中华古文明的历史却渊源不断。现在寺院保持完好，部分残缺处逐渐修复，寺内神像全用玻璃罩实，墙上壁画山水意境深邃，人物栩栩如生。每年4月初的庙会，人山人海，隆重壮观，素有“辽南第一寺”之誉。

古寺右侧有泉水顺山巅绕寺院而流入山涧，泉旁有古井一口,水质甘甜。寺院前方下临深渊，巨石高墙构筑，百余石阶直达峰底，使山城与寺院互为掩映。寺院左侧建有两排僧尼禅坐静室，环绕寺前一座菜园，为僧尼诵经打坐之余的耕耘之处。

吴姑古城详细介绍

在普兰店市星台镇北，有连绵起伏的群山——巍霸山，茫茫峰间有环绕群山一周的古城，被称为吴姑城。山坳中有座古刹，被称为吴姑庙。有辽南地区保存最完整的寺院——清泉寺。这些古迹已有千年历史，是大连地区著名的风景旅游胜地。

这古老的城垣原名为巍霸山城，始建于东汉，距今已有1900余年历史，是守卫北疆的军马屯兵之城，在隋唐时期，北方少数民族高句丽占据辽东时又加扩建，形成规模。之后历朝历代都曾驻兵于此，为古代北方重要的军事要塞。城取自然山势，依势构筑，山谷幽深，流泉不竭，安营扎寨于城中，进可攻，退可守。山城为巨大花岗岩石块垒砌，最高处9.4米，内壁高1.24米，顶宽3.29米，原东西城墙已倾倒，旧迹依然，其他地方保存完好。城内建有紫禁城、点将台、梳妆楼、峰火台、练兵场及饮马湾等，是北方少数民族与中原割据的重要山城之一。传说唐太宗李世民率兵东征时，击败高句丽，曾屯兵于此。

从出土的文物看，有绳纹红瓦陶片、环首铁刀、开元通宝古钱币以及大量的魏晋时期的花纹砖。考古研究表明，这些文物都有千年以上的历史。战国至魏晋，三四百年间战火不断，社会动荡，而巍霸山城在当时作为地方政权，管理周边地区，这对稳定辽东及对当地政治、经济、文化方面的发展起着不可低估的作用。

步云山温泉详细介绍

步云山位于庄河市西北46公里处，这里山势险峻，层峦叠障，怪石嶙峋，千姿百态。西北有海拔1130米的辽南第一峰步云山，东南有海拔1080米的辽南第二峰老黑山，两峰峨挺拔，遥相对峙。山上林木茂密，景观奇特。老黑山上生长着辽南最原始的5000亩青冈栎西橡林，大叶沟冰育荷叶也是辽南一绝，龙潭沟万亩狩猎场中生存着多种飞禽走兽，是个狩猎的好场所。这里地下热水资源丰富，已查明的两处地热田，可打10眼泉井，日出热水4000余吨，水温可达55摄氏度，初步查明含有26种对人体有益的徽量元素。奇特的山川地貌，秀美的自然风光，茂密的森林植被，丰富的地热资源，形成了一个集游览、度假、疗养、娱乐为一体的温泉疗养区。

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老帽山详细介绍

座落在普兰店市同益乡北部的群山之颠，距大连市区75公里，安波温泉旅游度假区5公里，海拔878米（大连第二），方圆覆盖平方公里数4，素以其秀丽的山峦和奇松异石景观而享有“小黄山”美誉，山上野生动植物种类众多。

大自然的鬼斧神工将老帽山众多的岩石雕琢得千姿百态，惟妙惟肖的造型等待你的命名；登高远眺，可见山底清澈见底的复州河，宛如一条银带，环山绕谷，飘落西去。

山间茂密的松柏林木很多树龄都在200年以上，另外还有野山参、天女木兰、核桃、棒子、山里红等药材植物，野葡萄、野山梨等于山坡上沟谷中更是随处可见——金秋时节，漫山红遍的枫叶也颇值得一看；野鹿、狗子、灌、狸、野兔等出没其间，国际级保护动物一„

大和旅馆旧址详细介绍

大和旅馆旧址位于旅顺新市区文化路30号。1931年清朝末代皇帝溥仪在“九·一八”事变后，被日本人扶持，曾在此居留105天，后往长春当了“满洲国”傀儡皇帝。

海军兵器馆详细介绍

位于白玉山顶的弹形塔附近，原为日俄战争后日本殖民者修建的“白玉神社纳骨祠”。这里展出了七大系列、600余种、1000多件海军武器装备。展区分市室内和室外两大部分。其中，鱼雷快艇、红旗地对空导弹、海军直升飞机、对海雷达、鱼雷、水雷、深水炸弹等展品令人大开眼界。在馆内通过高倍望远镜观察，还可以尽情饱览旅顺军港的全貌。

大连湾炮台详细介绍

大连湾炮台位于大连湾和尚岛山上。

大连湾炮台包括海防炮台5座和陆防炮台1座，是清朝光绪十三年（1887年）至光绪十九年（1893年）6月间所建。炮台都是用砂石水泥构筑，由炮位、兵舍和子弹库组成，四周有高大土围墙。现存有大连湾和徐家山炮台残址。

大连湾炮台开始由提督刘盛休统铭军十三营驻守。光绪二十年（1894年）甲午战争爆发，8月16日，除留6哨兵力外，其余军队开赴大东沟接迎朝鲜清军。随后总兵赵怀业六营3哨淮军调补大连湾驻守。在日军兵临金州，金州危急之时，赵怀业贪生怕死，弃台逃往旅顺，致使坚固炮台并未发挥固守疆土的作用。

日俄监狱旧址详细介绍

旅顺日俄监狱旧址位于中国辽宁省大连市旅顺口区向阳街139号。这座监狱是1902年由沙皇俄国始建，3页（5页）1907年日本扩建而成。监狱围墙内，占地面积2.6万平方米，有各种牢房275间，可同时关押2000多人。还有检身室、刑讯室、绞刑室和15座工场。监狱围墙外，有强迫被关押者服苦役的窑场、林场、果园、菜地等。总占地面积22.6万平方米。许多中国和朝鲜、日本、俄罗斯、埃及等国家的人民曾被囚禁和屠杀于此。

这座由两个帝国主义国家在第三国先后建造的监狱，是帝国 主义列强侵华和反人类的铁证，其野蛮和残忍程度在世界上是罕见的。

是进行爱国主义教育的极好课堂和基地。监狱建于1902～1904年，日俄战争期间曾做过沙俄马队兵营和野战医院。日俄战争结束后，日本人于1907年在原沙俄监狱的基础上，进行了大规模的扩建。牢房由85间增加到253间，墙外增设窑场和菜地，同时在院内修建了15座工场，强迫犯人为其生产军需品和日用品，监狱四周建起周长725米，高4米的红砖围墙，架设电网和楼。

旅顺监狱中关押的“犯人”，一般有数百人，1942年太平洋战争爆发后，关押最多达2000人，多是中国人，也有朝鲜和日本人。监狱内除牢房和工场外，还有去工场的检身室、医务系、调室、暗牢、绞刑场等。究竟有多少人在这里被害，无法计算。仅1942年至1945年8月就有700多人被绞杀和摧残致死。

这座由两个帝国主义国家在第三国先后建造的监狱，是帝国 主义列强侵华和反人类的铁证，其野蛮和残忍程度在世界上是罕见的。

1945年8月，苏联红军进驻旅顺，监狱解体。1971年7月，监狱旧址经过修复后，作为陈列馆向社会开放；1988年，中华人民共和国国务院将旅顺监狱旧址公布为全国重点文物保护单位。

这座牢房建筑呈“大”字形放射状，灰砖部分系沙俄早期修建，红砖部分则是日本后期扩建253间。每层牢房都是并列两排，在走廊地面中间安装铁箅子，除供看守监视外，还可以透光和上下空气流通。三 面牢房的连接处设有看守台，看守可同时监视左中右三面牢房。

万忠墓详细介绍

位于九三路北侧，是为1894年甲午战争期间被日军无辜残杀三昼夜而遇难同胞建立的。1894年11月21日，日本侵略者占领旅顺口，对手无寸铁的旅顺人民，进行了惨绝人寰的三昼夜血腥大屠杀。旅顺人民奋起反抗，英勇搏斗，被杀同胞近两万人。尸骨火化后集中埋在白玉山麓。1896年11月，清政府在墓地树碑“万忠墓”。

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东鸡冠山日俄战争遗址简介 点这里了解东鸡冠山日俄战争遗址详细介绍

东鸡冠山日俄战争遗址包括东鸡冠山北堡垒、日俄战争陈列馆、望台炮台和二龙山堡垒四个景点。东鸡冠山北堡垒是沙俄1898年3月侵占旅顺后修建的东部防线中一座重要的功守兼备的堡垒，是日俄战争中双方争夺的重要战场之一。1900年1月由沙俄始建，采用混凝土和鹅卵石灌制而成。外部覆盖有2米厚的沙袋和泥土；内部结构复杂，由指挥部、士兵宿舍、弹药库、暗堡、侧防暗堡、暗道、炮阵地、雷道、楼梯井等组成。堡垒呈不规则的五角形，周长496米，面积9900平方米。堡垒四周挖有6米深、8米宽的护垒壕，壕外山坡架设高压电网。1904年日俄战争中，日军为攻此堡垒，曾伤亡900多人。这里不仅保存了较完整的战争遗址，而且还有新建的全国唯一的日„

中苏友谊塔详细介绍

是20世纪50年代中苏友好的见证，1955年，周恩来总理亲自为该塔奠基题词“中苏友谊奠基”，1957年2月落成。塔高22.2米，塔身下部方座四面有浮雕；正面刻北京天安门和莫斯科克里姆林宫；西面刻中苏友谊农场的康拜因收割机在收割；东面刻鞍钢高炉；北面刻旅顺港口和港畔的胜利塔风光。在十二角形塔身下部，雕有高达1.2米的20个神态各异的中苏两国人民群像。塔尖是雪花石雕成的莲花瓣，瓣上有红光闪耀的中苏友谊徽。该塔被列为国家级重点文物保护单位。

大连老虎滩海洋公园 大连星海广场

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