克里斯特英文演讲稿原文

第一篇：克里斯特英文演讲稿原文

里克·施密特2012年波士顿大学演讲

---学会对生活说YES(find a way to say “yes” to things)

英文原稿

It’s great to be here on campus.It’s an honor to have been invited.It’s an honor to look out on the next generation of BU Terriers.I’ll give you a quote:“I am a true adorer of life, and if I can’t reach as high as the face of it, I plant my kiss somewhere lower down.Those who understand will require no further explanation.” Well, graduates „ allow me to explain.You used to have a professor here–a decent writer by the name of Saul Bellow.That comes from his novel Henderson the Rain King.I stand before you today as someone who considers himself an adorer of life.I know what it’s like to plant a kiss on a life lived fully„ And I can tell you from experience that, once you understand that, Professor Bellow’s right: that no further explanation is necessary.It’s one quote from countless beautiful lines he wrote over his career.But I feel it best sums up an approach that contains the power to transform an ordinary life into one filled with grace and love and dignity.And it also best sums up what a fantastic university like BU has infiltrated in every student who sets foot on this beautiful campus.Scientists, engineers, writers, artists, business pioneers „ governors „ Olympic gold medalists „ Oscar winners „ cabinet secretaries „ They all walked across this stage and left to make their mark on the culture, on society, on the world.And, my God, Martin Luther King is Doctor King because of the PhD he received here.And, now „ you follow.You right here, sitting there now, baking in the sun, thinking about the Celtics game tomorrow, possibly nursing a hangover – there’s one down here I’ve been following – you’re saying, wow–that’s a lot of pressure.What can I do? Where can I plant my kiss? Well, that’s your question to answer.I can’t do it for you.But, here’s what I know.I know one thing for certain: No graduating class gets to choose the world they graduate into–just like you don’t get to choose your parents and siblings!

Every class has its own unique challenges.Every class enters a history that, up to that point, is being written for it.This is no different.What is different, though, is the chance that each generation has to take that history and make it larger — or, in my business, to program it better.And, on that score, your generation’s opportunities are greater than any generation’s in modern history.You can write the code for all of us.You’re connecting to each other in ways those who came before you could never dream of.And you’re using those connections to strengthen the invisible ties that hold humanity together, and to deepen our understanding of the world around us.You are emblems of the sense of possibility that will define this new age.In the past, it’s always older generations, standing up on high, trying to teach the next generation the ways of the world—trying to make sure they follow in their footsteps.Well, graduates, I think it’s different today.You’re, quite simply, teaching us.This generation–your generation–is the first fully connected generation the world has ever known.What’s the first thing you do when you get up? Right? Check your phone? Your laptop? Read some email, comb through your social networks? I’m awake, here I am.You are connected, you’re online „ Some of you are probably texting your friends right now.Tweeting this speech.Changing your status.Smile, you’re on camera.There’s this joke about the college kid getting mugged, who says, “Hold on—let me update my status, letting my friends know I’m getting mugged, then you can have my phone.” That didn’t happen, but it’s also telling — a stark depiction of just how essential technology has become to your generation’s identity and your ability to connect with the world.Identity and connection—concepts as old as humanity itself—make up so much of what we are, who we are now.They shape our times, define the human condition.Identity and connection–it is your task to take those timeworn concepts, spin them around, reinvigorate them, make them fresh and new and exciting.BU has built the platform from which you can do that.I know it’s daunting.It’s not a great economy to be walking off this stage into.I know all this.But you have an advantage–a competitive edge–you have an innate mastery of technology, an ability to build and foster connections that no generation before you ever possessed.It’s a very, very special skill „ People bemoan a generation who grew up living life in front of screens, always connected to something or someone.Those people are wrong.The fact that we are all connected now is a blessing, not a curse, and we can solve many problems in the world as a result.Not only is it an advantage you have;it’s a responsibility you carry.Today, there are 54 wars and conflicts going on.It’s terrible.1.5 billion people live on less than $1 a day, and hundreds of millions of children will go to bed hungry tonight.It’s terrible.Nearly half the world’s people don’t live under democratic governments – the rights we all enjoy are a rarity, they’re not a norm.And when it comes to the Internet, we think ‘everyone’ is online – and all of us are online now.But only 1 billion people have smartphones, and only 2 billion have access to the web today.For most of the world, Internet cafes are far-off digital oases in technological deserts.They don’t have access.But in this century, there is a chance for change on the horizon.The spread of mobile phones and new forms of connectivity offers us the prospect of connecting everybody.When that happens, connectivity can revolutionize every aspect of society – politically, socially, economically.To connect the world is to free the world, I say.If we get this right, then we can fix all the world’s most pressing problems „to beam bright rays of hope to millions who can see only a flicker.You have that power, right there, in your pockets right now.Now, here’s the deal: Yes, it’s true, we have all this knowledge literally at our fingertips.But, just because we know much more than we used to doesn’t mean our problems just go away.The future doesn’t just happen.It’s not etched or written or coded anywhere.There’s no algorithm or formula that says something will do X or Y to occur.Technology doesn’t work on its own.It’s just a tool.You are the ones who harness its power.And that requires innovation and entrepreneurship.Innovation is disruptive;one thing I’ll tell you: you know you are innovating when people are worried about you!Graduates, please make people worry – not your parents.Entrepreneurship is the lifeblood of a new economy, and a more prosperous society–the engine that keeps communities growing.Two-thirds of the new jobs created are in small businesses, and you all should try now to create a small business..or be part of one„ and, of course, I would recommend you use all the products Google has to offer to set it up.You all have a chance to make an original contribution.Don’t just be a shepherd following somebody else’s vision and ideas–new models, new forms, new thinking — that’s what we need from you.You don’t need to become an aid worker or a teacher(though, I obviously applaud those who do).You don’t need to be an engineer(though, I’m pretty sure I’d support that, too).Everyone–all of you–can make their mark by creating new standards of brilliance and innovation.And, those standards can spread — can scale – they can scale in ways once unimaginable.The collective intelligence of our society, our version of the Borg, is really quite different.Think of this as a new society, with shared norms and values, that crosses continents and unites all of us.The empowerment of each of us empowers all of us;and the distinctive feature of your new world is that you can be unique while being completely connected – never been possible before — a true fulfillment of the American Dream.You see, computers can do amazing things.Those things in your pockets–they contain power inside them that your proud parents, your grandparents in the audience never could have possibly imagined.These computers, they have speed.They have memory.They have intricately complicated wiring and unfathomably complex circuitry.But here’s one thing they don’t have.What they don’t have — is heart.All of these connections you forge–the digital ties that bind our humanity together–that’s not possible without technology.But it’s also not possible without you, without a heart.You have the heart.And the future will not beat without you.Now, don’t get me wrong: I believe fully in the power of technology to change the world for the better.And I believe even more fully in the ability of your generation to use that power to great effect–to rule technology.But you can’t let technology rule you.Remember to take at least one hour a day and turn that thing off.Do the math, 1/24th.Go dark.Shut it down.Learn where the OFF button is.Take your eyes off the screen, and look into the eyes of the that person you love.Have a conversation–a real conversation–with the friends who make you think, with the family who makes you laugh.Don’t just push a button saying I “Like” something.Actually tell them.What a concept!Engage with the world around you „ feel „ and taste „ and smell „ and hug what’s there, right in front of you–not what’s a click away.Life is not lived in the glow of a monitor.Life is not a series of status updates.Life is not about your friend count–it’s about the friends you can count on.Life is about who you love, how you live, it’s about who you travel through the world with.Your family, your collaborators, your friends.Life is a social experience first, and the best aspects of that experience are not lonely ones–they are spent in the company of others.Our modern landscape has changed, yes–but our humanity will always remain, and that, above all else, is what makes us who we are.And who YOU are is a proud, talented group of BU Terriers.Here you have all come to know extraordinary people.Look around – a few years ago you started off on the road with these people, knowing them as boys and girls, wandering around campus, dazed and overwhelmed.Now you are all extraordinary men and women, in total control of your destinies, ready to make your mark not on history–but on the future.And the friendships you forged when the times were good, when the times were bad – and when you realized you just overslept your lecture and needed someone’s notes to catch up with – those are the friendships that will matter for life.The people you have met here will be some of the strongest friends and closest allies you will ever meet in your lives.It’s been that way for me.When you leave here, don’t leave them behind.Don’t leave you behind.Stay close and stay strong.Take them with you wherever you go, and, together, connected, go and change the world.At times it may have seemed like the road ahead was an impossible slog, incredible.But today, I have the distinct honor of telling you: you have made it.Now that you’re here, I want you do to another thing: Find a way to say “Yes” to things.Say yes to invitations to a new country, say yes to meet new friends, say yes to learning a new language, picking up a new sport.Yes is how you get your first job, and your next job.Yes is how you find your spouse, and even your kids.Even if is a bit edgy, a bit out of your comfort zone, saying yes means that you will do something new, meet someone new, and make a difference in your life–and likely in others’ lives as well.Yes lets you stand out in a crowd, to be the optimist, to stay positive, to be the one everyone comes to for help, for advice, or just for fun.Yes is what keeps us all young.Yes is a tiny word that can do big things.Say it often.There’s a second thing I want you to do: Do not be afraid to fail.And DO NOT be afraid to succeed.There’s an old Italian phrase I like, it’s used to describe especially daring circus performers–they do the salto mortale.It means they do a somersault, on a tightrope, without a net.Graduates, do to do this.Be brave.Work without a net.I promise you, you will land on your feet.For those who say you’re thinking too big „ be smart enough not to listen.For those who say the odds are too small „ be dumb enough to give it a shot.And for those who ask, how can you do that ?„ look them in the eyes and say, I will figure it out.Above all else, be an “adorer of life.” No further explanation necessary.I, to be very clear, am happy to have you join us as adults, and the quicker we can have you lead, the better.Time to throw out all us aging baby boomers and replace us with those best-equipped to lead us into a new age, march us all to a better day.The power and possibility — the intellectual energy and human electricity — seated in this stadium directly in front of me, and in stadiums and auditoriums like this around the country, your generation will break a new day.Your vast knowledge will seed a new era.Your new ideas will shape a new reality.Your agile minds will inspire a new dawn.You will give our future a heartbeat.And that beat will be stronger than ever, because of you.From my perspective looking at this class, you all have the potential to reach higher than any class — than any generation –that came before you.You can reach as high as the face of life itself.Thank you, and congratulations to you all.我很高兴来到贵校，很荣幸获得贵校邀请，很荣幸看到波士顿大学的又一届毕业生走向社会。我想送你们一句名言：

“我是生活的真正崇拜者。如果我无法够到它的脸，我会将我的吻贴到我够得到的任何地方。明白我的人，将不需要我进一步解释。”

好吧，同学们，让我解释一下。

你们这里曾经有一位教授，一位作风正派的作家，笔名为索尔-贝娄（Saul Bellow）。这个笔名来自于他的小说《雨王亨德森》（Henderson the Rain King）。今天站在你们面前的我，自认为是一个生活的崇拜者。我知道亲吻生活是怎样的人生。我能够根据我的经验告诉你，一旦你明白这一点，你就会知道贝娄教授的话是对的：任何解释都是多余的。

这句话摘自他一生创作的无数优美的诗句。但是，我认为这句话包含了一种生活态度，这种态度足以将一种平淡的生活转变为充满优雅、爱和尊严的人生。而且，它还包含了像波士顿大学这样优秀的学府给每个踏进这个美丽校园的学生灌输的思想。

科学家、工程师、作家、艺术家、企业先锋、政府官员、奥林匹克运动会金牌得主、奥斯卡奖得主、内阁大臣„„他们都走过了这个舞台，并在我们的文化、社会和全世界留下了他们自己的印记。

而且，还有马丁-路德-金（Martin Luther King），因为在这里接受博士学位而成为了金博士。

现在，你们走来了。你们就在这儿，坐在这儿，晒着太阳，想着明天凯尔特人球队的比赛，也许还未从昨日的宿醉中完全清醒过来——我一直在关注你们中的一位。你们大叫一声，哇，很有压力吧——那么，我能做什么呢？

我能将我的吻贴在生活的何处呢？

嗯，这是你们需要自己来回答的问题。我无法代劳。但是，我要说说我知道的东西。我知道有一件事情是确定的：没有任何一届毕业班能够选择他们即将走入的社会，就像你们无法选择你们的父母和兄弟姐妹一样！

每一届毕业班都面临着各自独特的挑战。每一届毕业班都会走进一段历史，从这个意义上来说，历史正在形成之中。

你们这一届也一样。

不同之处在于每一届毕业生接受和创造这段历史的情形并不相同。就我个人而言，就是编写出更好的程序。

而且，在这一点上，你们这届毕业生将拥有比现代历史上任何一届毕业生更伟大的机会。

你们能够为我们所有人编写程序。

你们现在相互联系的方式是你们前辈人做梦都想不到的。

你们使用的这些联系方式加强了人们之间的看不见的纽带。这种纽带让我们更加团结，让我们更深刻地理解了我们周围的世界。

你们代表了各种可能性，你们将会定义这个新的时代。在过去，总是老一辈人高瞻远瞩地教导下一代人这个世界的道理，并试图让下一代追随他们的脚步。

嗨，毕业生们，我想现在已大不同于从前了。你们正在教导我们。

你们这一代人是这个世界上首次实现全面联系的人。

你们在成长过程中有过哪些第一次呢？第一次用手机？第一次玩笔记本电脑？第一次读电子邮件？第一次梳理你的社交网络？

我很清楚，我在上面演讲，而你们在下面相互联系，你们在上网„„ 你们中的一些人现在很可能正在给朋友发短信，在Twitter上发布这次演讲的消息，更新你们的状态，摆着微笑的表情给自己拍照。

这里有一则笑话，说的是一个大学生遇到了抢劫，结果这个大学生说，“等一等，让我先更新一下我的状态，让我的朋友知道我正在被抢劫，然后你才可以抢走我的手机。”这种事情在现实生活中是不可能发生的，但是它也揭示了一些深刻的道理：它赤裸裸地描绘了技术对于你们这一代人的身份以及联系世界的能力有多么重要。

身份和联系——与人类自身一样古老的概念——揭示了我们是谁，我们能做什么。他们构成了我们的时代，定义了人的条件。

身份和联系——你们的任务就是接受这些陈旧的概念，玩转它们，复苏它们，给它们注入新鲜的、激动人心的内容。

波士顿大学已为你们搭建好了完成这种任务的平台。

我知道离开这个平台会让你们感到害怕，你们即将踏入的社会的经济形势也不乐观，我知道这一切。

但是，你们拥有自己的优势——竞争的优势——你们精通技术，能够建立和培养你们之前的任何一代人都无法拥有的社会联系。这是一种非常非常特殊的技能„„

人们总是抱怨你们这一代人从小在电脑屏幕前长大，总是联系着某些人或事。

他们的看法是错误的。

我们现在能够建立全面的联系，这是一种福音，而不是诅咒。正因如此，我们能够解决世界上的很多问题。这不仅是你拥有的优势，而且是你负有的责任。今天，有54场战争和冲突正在上演。这是可怕的。

全世界约有15亿人每天的生活费用不到1美元，数亿儿童今天晚上将会饿着肚子上床睡觉。这是可怕的。

全世界将近一半的人口并没有生活在民主政府的管理之下——我们所有人均享有的这些权利，对于他们来说是一种稀罕物，是他们日常生活中难以企及的东西。

说到互联网，我们认为“人人”都在网上。我们在场的所有人现在确实是在网上。但是现在，全球仅有10亿人拥有智能手机，仅有20亿人能够访问网络。对于全世界大多数人来说，网吧是数字沙漠中遥不可及的数字绿洲。他们无法上网。

但是，在本世纪，我们有机会改变这种现状。手机的普及和新型上网方式的出现，给我们展现出了一个联系每一个人的美好前景。

当这一切发生时，上网就能够彻底变革我们社会的方方面面：政治、社会和经济。我要说，联系世界就是解放世界。

如果我们处理得当，我们就能够解决全世界最紧迫的问题，让希望的强光照亮数百万只能看见微光的人。

你们就拥有这种权力。这种权力现在就在那里，在你们自己的口袋里。现在，有一点值得注意：诚然，我们的指尖上确实拥有所有这些知识。但是，我们面临的问题，并不会因为我们的知识比以前更丰富，而自动灰飞烟灭。未来并不会自己发生，它并不是已经刻好了、写好了或编好了，就等待着你去发现。没有任何运算法则或公式说，某些事只要经过X或Y就能够发生。

技术并不会自己发挥作用。它只是一种工具。你们就是驾驭它的人。而这就需要创新，需要企业家精神。

创新就是一种破坏。我告诉你一件事情：当人们为你感到忧心忡忡的时候，你就知道自己正在创新！毕业生们，请让人们感到担心吧——但不要让你们的父母这样。

企业家精神是新的经济体和繁荣社会的血液，它是促进社区发展的不竭动力。人们所创造的三分之二的新工作均来自于小企业，你们都现在应该尝试着去创办一家小企业或者成为小企业的一份子。当然，我会推荐你使用谷歌的产品来创办你们的企业。你们都有机会做出自己的原创性的贡献。不要只做一个追随别人愿景和思想的牧羊人。新的模式、新的形式，新的思维，这就是我们需要你贡献的东西。你们不一定非要成为救援人员或教师（尽管对于这样做的人我也非常欢迎），你们不一定非要成为工程师（尽管我相信我也会支持这样做的人）。每一个人，包括你们所有的人，都能通过自己的创新和才华留下自己的印记。

而且，这些新的标准是能够发展壮大的，甚至会大到超出我们的想象。我们社会的集体智慧，我们对于博格人（注：人类的进化者）的想象是迥然不同的。我们可以将它想象为一个新的社会，拥有共同的标准和价值，这种标准和价值跨越了各大洲，将我们所有人团结在了一起。我们每个人的授权赋予了我们所有人权力；这个新世界的不同之处在于，你能够保持独立，同时与外界保持全面联系。这在以前是不可能的事情，这就是美国梦的真正实现。

你知道，电脑能够处理各种惊人的任务。这样的电脑就在你的口袋中。它们所包含的巨大力量，甚至连听众中为你们感到骄傲的父母以及祖父母，也可能从未曾想到过。

这些电脑，拥有惊人的速度，拥有超强的记忆。它们还拥有异常复杂的程序，以及难以理解的复杂电路。

但是，有一样东西是它们没有的，那就是关爱的心。

没有科学技术，你不可能建立所有这些联系——所有这些将整个人类联系到一起的数字化纽带。但是没有你们，没有一颗关爱的心，这些联系也同样不可能建立。

你们拥有关爱的心。没有你们，未来的世界将不会有生机。

但是，请不要误会我的意思：我完全相信技术的作用力能够使世界变得更加美好，而且我更相信你们这一代人能够运用技术来为人类造福——是你们控制技术，而不是让技术控制你们。

记住，每天抽出至少一个小时，关闭电源。算一算吧，这才是1/24啊。体会黑暗，关掉电脑，了解关闭按钮在哪里。

将你的眼睛从屏幕上挪开，与你所爱的人深情凝望吧。

和你的朋友们进行倾心交谈，是他们让你懂得了思考；和你的家人进行感情交流，是他们带给你微笑。

不要简单地点击按钮说我“赞”，而要亲口告诉他们，这是多好的概念！融入你周围的环境，用心去“摸”、“尝”、“嗅”和拥抱你眼前的一切，而不是整日点动鼠标。生活不是整日对着电脑显示器，也不是不停地查看朋友的状态更新。生活中最重要的不是你的朋友的数量，而是你可以依赖的朋友。

生活就是你爱谁，你如何过日子，你同谁一起周游世界。你的家人，合作伙伴，还是你的朋友。生活首先是一种社交体验，其中最好的部分不是那些孤独的日子，而是那段同其他人在一起的时光。

没错，我们的现代人文景观已经发生了变化。但是，我们人性的东西仍然保持不变，而且最重要的是，是它造就了我们。

而且也造就了你们这群有才华有傲骨的波士顿大学毕业生。

在这里，你们逐渐结识了一群杰出的人。回顾一下吧——就在数年前，你同这些人刚刚踏上征程，你只知道他们就是一群清纯的少男少女，游荡在校园之中，茫然而又不知所措。

现在，你们都成了出色的男人和女人，能够完全掌控自己的命运，时刻准备着要在未来留下自己的印记，而不是青史留名。

当你得意或失意的时候，当你意识到自己睡过课，需要借助别人的课堂笔记来赶上进度的时候，你建立的友谊就是你一生中弥足珍贵的友谊。

你在这里遇到的人当中，有些将会成为你生活中最铁的哥们和最亲密的盟友。对我而言，生活一直是如此。

当你离开这里时，不要忘记他们，也不要让自己被他们遗忘了。保持亲密的关系，保持牢固的关系。不管你去哪儿，带上他们，一起去改变世界吧。有时候，前方的道路似乎需要漫长而艰苦的跋涉，似乎是一个不可能完成的任务。但是在今天，我格外荣幸地告诉你：你们已经成功做到了。既然你们已经走到了这里，我希望你们再做一件事：学会对各种事情说“Yes”。

同意接受访问一个国家的邀请，答应与新的朋友的见面，愿意学习一门新的语言，学会一项新的体育运动。

Yes是你得到第一份工作的方法，也是你得到下一份工作的方法。Yes是你找到你的配偶，甚至你的孩子的方法。

就算有一些紧张，就算有点超出你的舒适区，说“Yes”意味着你将会做出新的行动，结识新的朋友，改变你的生活——很可能也会改变别人的生活。Yes会让你从人群中脱颖而出，成为乐观者，保持积极的人生态度，成为人人都来寻求帮助、征求建议或找乐子的对象。Yes让我们所有人都永葆青春。Yes是一个很小的字，但是它能够做很大的事。要把它经常挂在嘴边。

我对你们还有一个要求：不要害怕失败，也不要害怕成功。

意大利有一句俗语我非常喜欢，是用来描述最大胆的马戏演员的。这句话是：他们在玩命。它的意思是说，他们在绷紧的绳索上翻筋斗，而下面却没有设置安全网。

毕业生们，就要这样做。要勇敢。要玩命地工作。我向你保证，你将会站稳自己的脚跟。

对于那些说你异想天开的人，做一个聪明的人，别听他们的话。对于那些说成功机会渺茫的人，做一个糊涂的人，勇敢地尝试一下。对于那些质疑你如何做到的人，看着他们的眼睛，自信地说我将会做到。总之，做一个“生活的崇拜者”吧，因为任何解释都是多余的。

显而易见，我很高兴有你们加入成人的行列。你们能够越快地领导我们，我们就越高兴。时间将抛弃我们这些逐渐老去的婴儿潮时期出生的一代人，将让你们这些知识能力兼备的人引领我们走向新时代，引领我们走向更美好的生活。权力和各种可能性，就在我面前观众席上坐着的你们身上。在全美国像这样的舞台上，你们这一代人将会开启全新的一天。

你们拥有的海量知识将会孕育出一个全新的时代。你们的新思想将塑造出一个全新的世界。你们敏捷的思维将迎接新的黎明。你们将给我们的未来注入活力。因为有你们，这种活力将更胜从前。

在我看来，你们均有潜力达到比你们之前的任何一届毕业生——或任何一代人——更高的高度。你们能够吻到生活的脸。

感谢你们，并祝贺你们。

第二篇：济慈英文原文

To Autumn

Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness，⑴

Close bosom-friend of the maturing sun，⑵

Conspiring with him ⑶how to load and bless

With fruit the vines that round the thatch-eves run；⑷

To bend with apples the moss'd cottage-trees，And fill all fruit with ripeness to the core；

To swell the gourd，and plump the hazel shells

With a sweet kernel； to set budding more，And still more，later flowers for the bees，Until they think warm days will never cease，For Summer has o'er-brimm'd their clammy cells.Who hath not seen thee oft⑸ amid thy store？

Sometimes whoever seeks abroad⑹ may find

Thee sitting careless on a granary floor，Thy hair sort-lifted by the winnowing wind；

Or on a half-reap'd furrow sound asleep，⑺

Dows'd with the fume of poppies，while thy hook

Spares the next swath and all its twined flowers.And sometimes like a gleaner thou dost keep

Steady thy laden head across a brook；

Or by a cyder-press，with patient look，Thou watchest the last oozings ⑻hours by hours.Where are the songs of Spring？ Ay，where are they？

Think not of them，thou hast thy music too，While barred clouds bloom the soft-dying day，⑼

And touch the stubble-plains with rosy hue；

Then in a waiful choir the small gnats mourn

Among the river sallows，⑽ borne aloft⑾

Or sinking as the light wind lives or dies；

And full-grown lambs loud bleat from hilly bourn；⑿

Hedge-crickets sing； and now with treble ⒀soft

The red-breast whistles form a garden-croft；⒁

And gathering swallows twitter in the skies.注释：

（1）Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness： 雾气弥漫、果实成熟丰饶的季节（指秋天）。

（2）Maturing sun：使万物成熟的太阳。

（3）him：指太阳。在这里，诗人把秋天和太阳都人格化，因此，conspiring这词的运用就颇具幽默感。

（4）bless/with fruit the vines that round the thatch-eves run： 这半句的正常语序是：bless the vines that run round the thatch-eves with fruit，意为：赐福给屋檐周围的葡萄藤累累的果实。

（5）oft： 即为often（古英语词）。

（6）seeks abroad：到户外去走一走。

（7）on a half reap'd furrow sound asleep： 这个句子的前半句在第二、三行，即whoever/may find/Thee sound asleep on a half reaped furrow.（8）oozings： 徐徐滴下的果汁。

（9）barred clouds bloom the soft dying day：傍晚的天空飘动着艳丽的带状云彩。barrow带状的，条形的，the soft dying day，白昼静静地逝去，bloom，使艳丽；开花。

（10）Sallows： 柳树，柳枝。

（11）Borne alft：高飞。Borne 是bear的过去式，意为：运动，转向：aflot，高高地。

（12）And full-grown lambs loud bleat from hilly bourn：意为羔羊篚了，在山坡上大专地吁吁叫。Bourn，地区，领地。

（13）Treble：最高音。

（14）Garden-croft：宅旁的园地。

La Belle Dame Sans Merci I.O WHAT can ail thee, knight-at-arms, Alone and palely loitering? The sedge has wither’d from the lake, And no birds sing.II.O what can ail thee, knight-at-arms!So haggard and so woe-begone? The squirrel’s granary is full, And the harvest’s done.III.I see a lily on thy brow With anguish moist and fever dew, And on thy cheeks a fading rose Fast withereth too.IV.I met a lady in the meads, Full beautiful“I love thee true.” VIII.She took me to her elfin grot, And there she wept, and sigh’d fill sore, And there I shut her wild wild eyes With kisses four.IX.And there she lulled me asleep, And there I dream’d“La Belle Dame sans Merci Hath thee in thrall!” XI.I saw their starved lips in the gloam, With horrid warning gaped wide, And I awoke and found me here, On the cold hill’s side.XII.And this is why I sojourn here, Alone and palely loitering, Though the sedge is wither’d from the lake, And no birds sing.《无情的妖女》

The Grasshopper and the Cricket（蝈蝈与蛐蛐）

The poetry of earth is never dead.When all the birds are faint with the hot sun And hide in cooling trees,a voice will run From hedge to hedge about the newmown mead That is the Grasshopper’s.He takes the lead In summer luxury;he has never done With his delights,for when tired out with fun He rests at ease beneath some pleasant weed.The poetry of earth is ceasing never.On a lone winter evening, when the frost Has wrought a silence,from the stove there shrills The cricket’s song,in warmth increasing ever，And seems to one in drowsiness half lost, The grasshopper’s among some grassy hills.Ode to a Nightingale I.MY heart aches, and a drowsy numbness pains My sense, as though of hemlock I had drunk, Or emptied some dull opiate to the drains One minute past, and Lethe-wards had sunk: ’Tis not through envy of thy happy lot, But being too happy in thine happiness,-That thou, light-winged Dryad of the trees, In some melodious plot Of beechen green, and shadows numberless, Singest of summer in full-throated ease.II.O, for a draught of vintage!that hath been Cool’d a long age in the deep-delved earth, Tasting of Flora and the country green, Dance, and Provencal song, and sunburnt mirth!O for a beaker full of the warm South, Full of the true, the blushful Hippocrene, With beaded bubbles winking at the brim, And purple-stained mouth;That I might drink, and leave the world unseen, And with thee fade away into the forest dim: III.Fade far away, dissolve, and quite forget What thou among the leaves hast never known, The weariness, the fever, and the fret Here, where men sit and hear each other groan;Where palsy shakes a few, sad, last gray hairs, Where youth grows pale, and spectre-thin, and dies;Where but to think is to be full of sorrow And leaden-eyed despairs, Where Beauty cannot keep her lustrous eyes, Or new Love pine at them beyond to-morrow.IV.Away!away!for I will fly to thee, Not charioted by Bacchus and his pards, But on the viewless wings of Poesy, Though the dull brain perplexes and retards: Already with thee!tender is the night, And haply the Queen-Moon is on her throne, Cluster’d around by all her starry Fays;But here there is no light, Save what from heaven is with the breezes blown Through verdurous glooms and winding mossy ways.V.I cannot see what flowers are at my feet, Nor what soft incense hangs upon the boughs, But, in embalmed darkness, guess each sweet Wherewith the seasonable month endows The grass, the thicket, and the fruit-tree wild;White hawthorn, and the pastoral eglantine;Fast fading violets cover’d up in leaves;And mid-May’s eldest child，The coming musk-rose, full of dewy wine, The murmurous haunt of flies on summer eves.VI.Darkling I listen;and, for many a time I have been half in love with easeful Death, Call’d him soft names in many a mused rhyme, To take into the air my quiet breath;Now more than ever seems it rich to die, To cease upon the midnight with no pain, While thou art pouring forth thy soul abroad In such an ecstasy!Still wouldst thou sing, and I have ears in vain-To thy high requiem become a sod.VII.Thou wast not born for death, immortal Bird!No hungry generations tread thee down;The voice I hear this passing night was heard In ancient days by emperor and clown: Perhaps the self-same song that found a path Through the sad heart of Ruth, when, sick for home, She stood in tears amid the alien corn;The same that oft-times hath Charm’d magic casements, opening on the foam Of perilous seas, in faery lands forlorn.

第三篇：毕业设计英文 翻译(原文)

编号：

毕业设计(论文)外文翻译

（原文）

院（系）：桂林电子科技大学

专 业： 电子信息工程

学生姓名： xx 学 号： xxxxxxxxxxxxx 指导教师单位：桂林电子科技大学 姓 名： xxxx

职 称： xx

2014年x月xx日

桂林电子科技大学毕业设计（论文）报告用纸

Timing on and off power supply uses

The switching power supply products are widely used in industrial automation and control, military equipment，scientific

equipment，LED

lighting，industrial medical equipment,communications

equipment,electrical

equipment,instrumentation, equipment, semiconductor cooling and heating, air purifiers, electronic refrigerator, LCD monitor, LED lighting, communications equipment, audio-visual products, security, computer chassis, digital products and equipment and other fields.Introduction

With the rapid development of power electronics technology, power electronics equipment and people's work, the relationship of life become increasingly close, and electronic equipment without reliable power, into the 1980s, computer power and the full realization of the switching power supply, the first to complete the computer Power new generation to enter the switching power supply in the 1990s have entered into a variety of electronic, electrical devices, program-controlled switchboards, communications, electronic testing equipment power control equipment, power supply, etc.have been widely used in switching power supply, but also to promote the rapid development of the switching power supply technology.Switching power supply is the use of modern power electronics technology to control the ratio of the switching transistor to turn on and off to maintain a stable output voltage power supply, switching power supply is generally controlled by pulse width modulation(PWM)ICs and switching devices(MOSFET, BJT)composition.Switching power supply and linear power compared to both the cost and growth with the increase of output power, but the two different growth rates.A power point, linear power supply costs, but higher than the switching power supply.With the development of power electronics technology and innovation, making the switching power supply technology to continue to innovate, the turning points of this cost is increasingly move to the low output power side, the switching power supply provides a broad space for development.The direction of its development is the high-frequency switching power supply, high frequency switching power supply miniaturization, and switching power supply into a wider range of application areas, especially in high-tech fields, and promote the miniaturization of high-tech products, light of.In addition, the development and application of the switching power supply in terms of energy conservation, resource conservation and environmental protection are of great significance.桂林电子科技大学毕业设计（论文）报告用纸

classification

Modern switching power supply, there are two: one is the DC switching power supply;the other is the AC switching power supply.Introduces only DC switching power supply and its function is poor power quality of the original eco-power(coarse)closed the voltage surge, RC or LC buffers can be used, and the current surge can be caused by the diode stored charge of amorphous and other core made of magnetic buffer.However, the high frequency more than 1MHz, the resonant circuit to make the switch on the voltage or current through the switch was a sine wave, which can reduce switching losses, but also to control the occurrence of surges.This switch is called the resonant switch.Of this switching power supply is active, you can, in theory, because in this way do not need to greatly improve the switching speed of the switching losses reduced to zero, and the noise is expected to become one of the high-frequency switching power supply The main ways.At present, many countries in the world are committed to several trillion Hz converter utility.the principle of Introduction

The switching power supply of the process is quite easy to understand, linear power supplies, power transistors operating in the linear mode and linear power, the PWM switching power supply to the power transistor turns on and off state, in both states, on the power transistor Vthe step-down chopper, the average output voltage U0 is less than the input voltage Ui, the same polarity.Boost Circuitbuck or boost chopper, the output average voltage U0 is greater than or less than the input voltage Ui, the opposite polarity, the inductance transmission.Cuk circuit-a buck or boost chopper, the output average voltage U0 is greater than or less than the input voltage Ui, the opposite polarity, capacitance transmission.The above-mentioned non-isolated circuit, the isolation circuit forward circuits, feedback circuit, the half-bridge circuit, the full bridge circuit, push-pull circuit.Today's soft-switching technology makes a qualitative leap in the DC / DC the U.S.VICOR company design and manufacture a variety of ECI soft-switching DC / DC converter, the maximum output power 300W, 600W, 800W, etc., the corresponding power density(6.2 , 10,17)W/cm3 efficiency(80-90)%.A the Japanese Nemic Lambda latest using soft-switching technology, high frequency switching power supply module RM Series, its switching frequency(200 to 300)kHz, power density has reached 27W/cm3 with synchronous rectifier(MOSFETs instead of Schottky diodes), so that the whole circuit efficiency by up to 90%.AC / DC conversion

AC / DC conversion will transform AC to DC, the power flow can be bi-directional power flow by the power flow to load known as the “rectification”, referred to as "active inverter power flow returned by the load power.AC / DC converter input 50/60Hz AC due must be rectified, filtered, so the volume is relatively large filter capacitor is essential, while experiencing safety standards(such as UL, CCEE, etc.)and EMC Directive restrictions(such as IEC, FCC, CSA)in the AC input side must be added to the EMC filter and use meets the safety standards of the components, thus limiting the miniaturization of the volume of AC / DC power, In addition, due to internal frequency, high voltage, current switching, making the problem difficult to solve EMC also high demands on the internal high-density mounting 桂林电子科技大学毕业设计（论文）报告用纸

circuit design, for the same reason, the high voltage, high current switch makes power supply loss increases, limiting the AC / DC converter modular process, and therefore must be used to power system optimal design method to make it work efficiency to reach a certain level of satisfaction.AC / DC conversion circuit wiring can be divided into half-wave circuit, full-wave circuit.Press the power phase can be divided into single-phase three-phase, multiphase.Can be divided into a quadrant, two quadrant, three quadrants, four-quadrant circuit work quadrant.he selection of the switching power supply

Switching power supply input on the anti-jamming performance, compared to its circuit structure characteristics(multi-level series), the input disturbances, such as surge voltage is difficult to pass on the stability of the output voltage of the technical indicators and linear power have greater advantages, the output voltage stability up to(0.5)%.Switching power supply module as an integrated power electronic devices should be selected

第四篇：陈冠希道歉信英文原文

Today I have come back to Hong Kong to stand before you and account for myself.I have never escaped from my responsibility.During the past few weeks, I have been with my mother and my family and my loved ones to show support and care and at the same time to have them support and care for me.I admit that most of the photos being circulated on the Internet were taken by me.But these photos are very private and have not been shown to people and are never intended to be shown to anyone.These photos were stolen from me illegally and distributed without my consent.There is no doubt whoever obtained these photos have them uploaded on the Internet with malicious and deliberate intent.This matter has deteriorated to theextent that society as a whole has been affected by this.In this regard, I am deeply saddened.I would like now to apologize to all the people for all the suffering that has been caused and the problems that have arisen from this.I would like to apologize to all the ladies and to all their families for any harm or hurt that they have been feeling.I am sorry.I would like to also apologize to my mother and my father for the pain and suffering I have caused them during the past few weeks.Most importantly, I would like to say sorry to all the people of Hong Kong.I give my apology sincerely to you all, unreservedly and with my heart.I know young people in Hong Kong look up to many figures in our society.And in this regard, I have failed.I failed as a role model.However, I wish this matter will teach everyone a lesson.To all the young people in our community, let this be a lesson for you all.This is not an example to be set for you.During my time away, I have made an important decision.I will whole-heartedly fulfill all commitments that I have to date.But after that, I decided to step away from the Hong Kong entertainment industry.I have decided to do this to give myself an opportunity to heal myself and to search my soul.I will dedicate my time to charity and community work within the next few months.I will be away from Hong Kong entertainment industry indefinitely.There is no time frame.I have been assisting the police since the first day the photos were published and I will continue to assist them.After this press con., I have obligation to help them with their investigation and hope that this case can end soon as everyone I think has the same wish.I would like to use this opportunity to thank the police for their hard work on this case.Thank you.I believe everyone’s priority now(and)my priority now is to stop the suffering and pain, for not letting this…we do not want to let this situation become more out of control.We need to protect all the innocents and all the young from matters like this.In this regard, I have instructed my lawyers to do everything possible within the law to protect all the innocents, victims of this case.I believe that a press statement is being issued as we speak on what my lawyers have advised me to do.Lastly, I would like to thank everyone for coming here today and listening to what I have to say.I would like to also apologize once again to all the ladies and their families, my family and to everyone in Hong Kong and everyone in our society.I am deeply saddened by this.And I apologize to everyone(who)has to go through this.I would like to also thank you for giving me this opportunity to say what I have wanted to say all along in my heart.I hope, after today, I can have your forgiveness.With regard to this case, with everything, everything that has happened, I am deeply sorry.I hope you all accept my apology and give me a chance.Thank you.陈冠希的英文道歉信 词汇分析

原文：Today I have come back to Hong Kong to stand before you and account for myself.I have never escaped from my responsibility.During the past few weeks, I have been with my mother and my family and my loved ones to show support and care and at the same time to have them support and care for me.核心词汇解析

1、account for 说明。。的原因（与accoun连用的重点词组还有：on accoun of 因为。。take…into account 对。。加以考虑）

2、responsibility 责任，责任心；职责，任务 例：to have no sense of responsibility 没有责任感

原文：I admit that most of the photos being circulated on the Internet were taken by me.But these photos are very private and have not been shown to people and are never intended to be shown to anyone.These photos were stolen from me illegally and distributed without my consent.核心词汇解析

1、circulate 循环，流通

2、private 私人的，个人的（personal）；秘密的，私下的(secret)

3、illegal 违法地（反legal 合法的）

4、distribute 散发，传播（同spread out）易混词：attitude态度 attribute 属性，性质 contribute 贡献，投稿 tribute 贡品，颂词，敬意，尊崇

5、consent 赞同，同意（同：agreement，反：refusal，dissent）consent to sth 同意某事 例：My father would not consent to my leaving school 我父亲不同意我辍学

原文：There is no doubt whoever obtained these photos have them uploaded on the Inte rnet with malicious and deliberate intent.This matter has deteriorated to the extent that society as a whole has been affected by this.In this regard, I am deeply saddened.I would like now to apologize to all the people for all the suffering that has been caused and the problems that have arisen from this.I would like to apologize to all the ladies and to all their families for any harm or hurt that they have been feeling.I am sorry.I would like to also apologize to my mother and my father for the pain and suffering I have caused them during the past few weeks.Most importantly, I would like to say sorry to all the people of Hong Kong.I give my apology sincerely to you all, unreservedly and with my heart.核心词汇解析

1、upload 上传(图片, 文件等)对应：download 下载(图片，文件等)

2、malicious 恶意的，怀恨的

3、deliberate 深思熟虑的；故意的，蓄意的4、deteriorate 使恶化；使变坏

5、to the extent 到了。。程度

6、in this regard 在这一点上 = in this case = in this point

7、say sorry to 对。。说对不起

8、unreservedly 毫无保留地

原文：I know young people in Hong Kong look up to many figures in our society.And in this regard, I have failed.I failed as a role model.However, I wish this matter will teach everyone a lesson.To all the young people in our community, let this be a lesson for you all.This is not an example to be set for you.核心词汇解析

1、look up to 仰望，尊重（respect）对应：look down upon/on 鄙视，瞧不起（despise）

2、role model 榜样

3、teach sb a lesson.= give sb a lesson.给某人一个教训

原文：During my time away, I have made an important decision.I will whole-heartedly fulfill all commitments that I have to date.But after that, I decided to step away from the Hong Kong entertainment industry.I have decided to do this to give myself an opportunity to heal myself and to search my soul.I will dedicate my time to charity and community work within the next few months.I will be away from Hong Kong entertainment industry indefinitely.There is no time frame.核心词汇解析

1、whole-heatedly 全心全意地

2、fulfill one's commitment 履行…的诺言

3、to date 到目前为止

4、step away from 从。。退出

5、entertainment industry 娱乐业

6、dedicate to 把。。奉献给,投身于。。

7、charity 慈善，慈善事业；仁慈，施舍

8、indefinitely 不明确地，模糊地（同imprecisely,inexactly,vaguely）

9、frame 框架，骨架

原文：I have been assisting the police since the first day the photos were published and I will continue to assist them.After this press con., I have obligation to help them with their investigation and hope that this case can end soon as everyone I think has the same wish.核心词汇解析

1、assist 协助(同help,aid)

2、press con.= press conference 新闻发布会

3、have obligation to 有义务做。。

原文:I would like to use this opportunity to thank the police for their hard work on this case.Thank you.I believe everyone's priority now,my priority now,is to stop suffering the pain,for not letting this, we do not want to let this situation to be more out of control,we need to protect all the innocents and all the young for matters like this.In this regard,I've been instructing my lawyers to do everything possible within the law to protect all the innocent victims in this case.I believe that the press today that been issued as we speak are what my lawyers had advised me to do.Lastly,I would like to thank everyone for coming here today,and listening to what I have to say.I would like to also apologies once again to all the ladies and their families,my family,and to everyone in Hong Kong,and everyone in our society.I'm deeply in sad by this,and I apologies to everyone that had to go through this.I would like to also thank you for giving me this opportunity to say what I wanna to say all along in my heart.I hope after today,I can have your forgiveness.With regard to this case,with everything,everything that had happened,I'm deeply sorry.I hope you all would accept my apology,and give me a chance.Thank you.核心词汇解析

upload = up + load vt.上传(图片, 文件等)

download = down + load vt.下载(图片，文件等)

单词组记: mal-＝bad坏

malice = mal + ice(冰)n.恶意;【律】预谋, 蓄意 [助记]在路上放一块冰，想让陈冠希

滑倒，这是有预谋的恶意伤害。

malicious= malice(恶意)+ ious(形容词)a.恶意的mal-function n.功能紊乱

mal-nutrition n.营养不良

maltreat = mal + treat(对待)vt.虐待

单词组记: libra天平, deliberate, liberate, liberty, libertine, libido

一直到现在，英国的法院门口还站立着古希腊象征法律精神的正义女神(DICE)的雕像，她

左手拿着神圣的天平Libra，象征着权衡和平等；右手拿着宝剑，象征着裁决和力量；眼睛

被布蒙着，象征绝对的公正无私。

deliberate = de(强调)+ libera(=libra)+ ate a.深思熟虑的, 故意的 [助记] 把你的想法放在天平上称量，引申为深思熟虑的，深思熟虑的结果当然是故意的liberate = liber(自由=libera)+ ate vt.解放(让人民获得自由)

自由和天平有什么关系呢？

天平的主要作用就是要让两边重量相等，平等。解放全人类不就是让人民平等吗？人民解

放军PLA：People’s Liberation Army liberation的职责就是解放全中国让中国人民平等

自由

liberty n.自由

libertine这个单词叫“浪荡子”，原来就是“特别自由的人”的意思，” 挺（tin）自由（liber）的”

libido弗洛伊德的著作里面，他造出一个表示“性动力”的单词libido（中文翻译成“利

比多”），表达的就是这种本源的不受控制的力量。

单词组记:deteriorate,interior, exterior, territory

deteriorate = de(down)+ terior(土地)+ate(动词)v.使恶化;败坏(风俗);使变坏（品质等)[助记] 品格败坏的人就应该入土活埋。

interior = in(into)+ terior(土地)a.内部的，国内的interior design 室内设计专业

exterior = ex(out)+ terior(土地)a.外部的，国外的territory = territ(=terior)+ ory(地方)n.版图，疆土

to the extent 到了….程度

in this regard 在这一点上 = in this case

单词组记: 神奇的-en可以把形容词名词变为你想要的动词

sadden = sad + d + en vt.使人悲哀

strengthen = strength(strong的名词)+ en vt.加强（力量）

weaken = weak + en vt.削弱

lengthen = length(long的名词)+ en vt.延长

shorten = short + en vt.缩短

tighten = tight + en vt.拉紧

loosen = loose + en vt.放松

还有一个超级牛的单词前后都加en

enlighten= en + light + en vt.启蒙；（用思想）照亮

intent n.意图，打算

unreservedly = un + reserved(保留的)+ ly(副词)adv.毫无保留地

I know young people in Hong Kong look up to many figures in our society.And i

n this regard, I have failed.I failed as a role model.However, I wish this m

atter will teach everyone a lesson.To all the young people in our community，let this be a lesson for you all.This is not an example to be set for you.核心词汇解析

look up to 仰望，尊重= respect

look down upon/on 鄙视，瞧不起=despise

role model 榜样

During my time away, I have made an important decision.I will whole-heartedly

fulfill all commitments that I have to date.But after that, I decided to ste

p away from the Hong Kong entertainment industry.I have decided to do this to

give myself an opportunity to heal myself and to search my soul.I will dedic

ate my time to charity and community work within the next few months.I will b

e away from Hong Kong entertainment industry indefinitely.There is no time fr

ame.核心词汇解析

whole-heatedly 全心全意地;single-mindedly一心一意地

fulfill one's commitment vt.履行…的诺言

entertainment industry 娱乐业

health =heal(恢复健康)+th(名词)

heal(v.治愈，恢复)是health的反向构词

dedicate to 把...奉献给,投身于...charity = char(=care关心)+ ity(名词)n.慈善，慈善事业 [助记]关心穷人就是做慈善

I have been assisting the police since the first day the photos were published

and I will continue to assist them.After this press con., I have obligation

to help them with their investigation and hope that this case can end soon as

everyone I think has the same wish.核心词汇解析

assist = as(to)+ sist(stand)vt.(站在一旁来)协助

press con.= press conference 新闻发布会

press free.= press freedom 言论自由

press 是“压”的意思，怎么会变成“新闻”，“言论”呢？

因为最初的报纸都是油墨印刷,需要把纸紧紧的压在刻版上才能印刷出字来.所以press有了

一个引申意:n.出版业,印刷业.出版印刷业不就是发布新闻和言论的阵地吗?

obligation n.义务

investigation n.调查

I would like to use this opportunity to thank the police for their hard work o

n this case.Thank you.I believe everyone’s priority now(and)my priority n

ow is to stop the suffering and pain, for not letting this…we do not want to

let this situation become more out of control.We need to protect all the inno

cents and all the young from matters like this.In this regard, I have instruc

ted my lawyers to do everything possible within the law to protect all the inn

ocents, victims of this case.I believe that a press statement is being issued

as we speak on what my lawyers have advised me to do.核心词汇解析

单词组记:prior to, priority

pri = pre是一个拉丁前缀表示before

[书面]prior to = [口语]before

小翻译 : 在你离开之前,请完成这项工作.prior to your departure, please complete this task.小翻译: 预先警告/通知 prior warning/notice.priority = prior + ity(名词)n.优先考虑的事情, 优先权

单词组忆: victor, victory, victim

vict中的V象征着胜利，vict-表示征服

victory n.胜利

victor =vict + or(人)n.胜利者, 征服者

victim = vict + im(我是)[助记]我是被征服了，当然就成了n.受害人，牺牲品

innocent = in + no + cent(一分钱)[助忆]兜里没有一分钱, 所以没有偷窃, 是无辜的a.无辜的, 天真的instruct = in + struct(构造)vt.传授，告知 [助记]内心中去构建知识或信息

Lastly, I would like to thank everyone for coming here today and listening to

what I have to say.I would like to also apologize once again to all the ladie

s and their families, my family and to everyone in Hong Kong and everyone in o

ur society.I am deeply saddened by this.And I apologize to everyone(who)ha

s to go through this.I would like to also thank you for giving me this opport

unity to say what I have wanted to say all along in my heart.I hope, after today, I can have your forgiveness.With regard to this case, wi

th everything, everything that has happened, I am deeply sorry.I hope you all

accept my apology and give me a chance.Thank you.[书]with regard to关于= [口]about

第五篇：美国独立宣言英文原文

The Declaration of Independence

IN CONGRESS, JULY 4, 1776 THE UNANIMOUS DECLARATION OF THE THIRTEEN UNITED STATES OF AMERAICA When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the laws Nature and Nature’s God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that they are among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among them, deriving their just power from the consent of the governed.That whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness.Prudence, indeed, will dictate that governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes;and accordingly all experience hath shown that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than t right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed.But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such government, and to provide new guards for their future security.Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies;and such is now the necessity, which constrains them to alter their former systems of government.The history of the present King of Great Britain is usurpations, all having in direct object tyranny over these States.To prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid world.He has refused his assent to laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.He has forbidden his Governors to pass laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation till his assent should be obtained;and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend them.He has refused to pass other laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of representation in the Legislature, a right inestimable to them and formidable to tyrants only.He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures.He has dissolved representative houses repeatedly, for opposing with manly firmness his invasion on the rights of the people.He has refused for a long time, after such dissolution, to cause others to be elected;whereby the legislative powers, incapable of annihilation, have returned to the people at large for their exercise;the State remaining in the meantime exposed to all the dangers of invasion from without and convulsion within.He has endeavored to prevent the population of these states;for that purpose obstructing the laws of naturalizing of foreigners;refusing to pass others to encourage their migration hither, and raising the condition of new appropriations of lands.He has obstructed the administration of justice, by refusing his assent of laws for establishing judiciary powers.He has made judges dependent on his will alone, for the tenure of their office, and the amount and payment of their salary.He has erected a multitude of new officers, and sent hither swarms of officers to harass our people, and eat out our substances.He has kept among us, in times of peace, standing armies without the consent of our legislatures.He has affected to render the military independent of and superior to the civil power.He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws;giving his assent to their acts of pretended legislation.For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us;For protecting them, by a mock trial, from punishment for any murder which they should commit on the inhabitants of these States.For cutting off our trade with all parts of the world;For imposing taxes on us without our consent;

For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of trial by jury;For transporting us beyond seas to be tried for pretended offenses;For abolishing the free systems of English laws in a neighboring Province, establishing therein an arbitrary government, and enlarging its boundaries so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument for introducing the same absolute rule these Colonies;For taking away our Charters, abolishing our most valuable laws, and altering fundamentally the forms of our governments;For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever.He has abdicated government here, by declaring us out of his protection and waging war against us.He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people.He is at this time transporting large armies of foreign mercenaries to complete the works of death, desolation and tyranny, already begun with circumstances of cruelty and perfidy scarcely parallel in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the head of a civilized nation.He has constrained our fellow citizens taken captive on the high seas to bear arms against their country, to become the executioners of their friends and brethren, or to fall themselves by their hands.He has excited domestic insurrection amongst us, and has endeavored to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian savages, whose known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes, and conditions.In every stage of these oppressions we have petitioned for redress in the most humble terms: our repeated petition have been answered only by repeated injury.A prince whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a tyrant is unfit to be the ruler of a free people.Nor have we been wanting in attention to our British brethren.We have warned them from time to time of attempts by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us.We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigration and settlement here.We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured them by the ties of our common kindred to disavow these usurpation, which would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence.They too have been deaf to the voice of justice and of consanguinity.We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity, which denounces our separation, and hold them., as we hold the rest of mankind, enemies in war, in peace friends.We, therefore, the Representatives of the United States of America, in General Congress assembled , appealing to the supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the name, and by authority of the good people of these Colonies, solemnly publish and declare, That these United States Colonies and Independent States;that they are absolved by from all allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State, they have full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce, and to do all other acts and things which Independent States may of right do.And for the support of this declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor.