第一篇：主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句练习
主语从句
1.________ they are most interested in is how they can produce more and better cars.A.That
B.What
C.What
D.That 2.________ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If
B.Whether
C.That
D.Where 3.________ makes mistakes must correct them.A.What
B.That
C.Whoever
D.Whatever 4.________ surprised me most was that such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.A.That
B.What
C.That
D.When 5.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.A.If …do
B.That …do
C.If …does
D.That…does 6.It ________ Bob drives badly.A.thinks that
B.is thought what C.thought that
D.is thought that 7.It's uncertain ________ the exhibition will be hold in Shanghai.A.if
B.that
C.whether
D.how 8.________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.A.That
B.What
C.How
D.Which 9.________ we can't have seems better than that we have.A.What
B.Who
C.That
D.whose 10._______ you don't like him is none of my business.A.What
B.Who
C.That
D.Whether
表语从句
1.The question is _______ we will have our sports meet next week.A.that
B.if
C.when
D.whether 2．The reason why he failed is _______ he was too careless.A.because
B.that
C.for
D.because of 3.Go and get your coat.It's _______ you left it.A.where
B.there
C.there where
D.where there 4.The problem is _______ to take the place of Ted.A.who can we get
B.what we can get C.who we can get D.that we can get 5.What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.A.that
B.if
C.whether
D.不填 6.The reason is _______ I missed the bus.A.that
B.when
C.why
D.what 7.That is _______ we were late last time.A.that
B.when
C.why
D.what 8.She looked _______ she were ten years younger.A.that
B.like
C.as
D.as though 9.---I feel sick!---I think it is _______ you are doing too much.A.why
B.when
C.what
D.because 10.The reason why he hasn't come is ______.A.because his mother is ill
B.because of his mother's being ill C.that his mother is ill
D.for his mother is ill
同位语从句
1.Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A while
B that
C when
D as 2.The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.A.what
B.that
C.why
D.when 3.His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down.A.which
B.that
C./
D.it 4.I have no idea ____ he will start.A.when
B.that
C.what
D./
5.I've come from the government with a message ____ the meeting won't be held tomorrow.A.if
B.that
C.whether
D.which 6.The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him.A.when
B.which
C.what
D.that 7.The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.A.which
B.whether
C.that
D.what 8.He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing.A.whether
B.where
C.that
D.when
9.The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____ was thought a dangerous speed.A.as
B.which
C.what
D.that
10.The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ____ he would die of the disease.A.that
B.as
C.of which
D.which
第二篇：表语从句练习
1.The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.A.that B.if C.when D.whether
2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.A.because B.that C.for D.because of 3.Go and get your coat.It’ s ________you left it
A.where B.there C.there where D.where there 4．The problem is _________to take the place of Ted
A.who can we get B.what we can get
C.who we can get D.that we can get 5.What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.A.that B.if C.whether D.不填 6.The reason is_________I missed the bus.A.that B.when C.why D.what 7.That is __ ___ we were late last time.A.that B.when C.why D.what
8.She looked _________ she were ten years younger.A.that B.like C.as D.as though 9.—I felt sick!
--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.A.why B.when C.what D.because 10.The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.A.because his mother is ill B.because of his mother’s being ill C.that his mother is ill D.for his mother is ill 11.—He was born here.--That is _______ he likes the place so much.A.that B.what C.why D.how 12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.A.what B.where C.that D.why
13．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.A.What;how are you B.That；how you are C.How；that you are D.What；how you are 14.The trouble is__________we are short of tools.A.what B.that C.how D.why that
15.America was __________was first called ―India‖ by Columbus.A.what B.where C.the place D.there where
16.China is becoming stronger and stronger.It is no longer_________.A.what it used to be B.what it was used to being C.what it used to being D.what it was used to be
17.________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A.What … that B.That … what
C.What … what D.That … what 18.The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.A.that B.which C.what D.such
19.—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that_____ you had a few days off？（NMET1999）A.why B.what C.when D.where.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through.（1998 上海）A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why D.It’s how
21.See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.（06 全国）A.when B.which C.where D.what
22.---Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?(2003北京春)
---Oh, that’s _____.A.what makes me feel excited B.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited
23.What surprised me was not what he said but ______ he said it.（2004湖北）A.the way B.in the way that C.in the way D.the way which 24.-I drive to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that __you had a few days off?(NMET1999)A.why B.when C.what D where 25.The question is ____it is worth visiting.A.if B.as if C.whether D.how 26.This is _____it happened.A.what B.when C.that D.how 27.This is ____ the city lies.A.which B.what C.where D.when 28.He was ill.That is ____he didn’t come yesterday.A.when B.why C.how D.that 29.That was ___ I was thirteen I entered the No.1 Middle School.A.because B.why C.how D when 30.The problem is ____we can master modern science and technology in a short time.A.if B.that C.what D.how 31.–Doesn’t Mr.Smith live on this street?
-No.This is ____Mr.Brown lives.A.which B.where C.how D.that 32.The reason why he has been such a success is ____he never gives up.A.what B.where C.how D.that 33.–what is that building?
-___the garden equipment is stored A.that’s where B.There is in which C.the building is D.That’s the building which 34.Our village is no longer ____over twenty years ago.A.what was it
B.what it was
C.the village what was
D.what was the village 35.___you are the first one here.A.it seems that as if B.it seems as if that c.it seems as if D.It seems that as though 36.My hope is ___he will become a doctor in the future.A.if B.whether C.that D.what 37.it was ___they were used as an advertisement for the shop.A.because B.which C.what D.if
答案：1-5DBACC
6-10ACDDC
11-15CBDBA
16-20AACAB
21-25DAAAC
26-30DCBAD
31-35BBABC
36-37CA 2
第三篇：浅议同位语从句
浅议同位语从句
夏文华（河北省迁安市教师进修学校 邮政编码：064400）
摘要：同位语从句是中学阶段比较常见的语法现象，为了使学生更好地理解并掌握这一语法现象，本文从同位语从句的含义、正确运用同位语从句的引导词以及同位语从句和定语从句的区别等几个方面对同位语从句进行了探讨和分析。
关键词：同位语从句，同位语从句是中学阶段比较常见的语法现象，由于与定语从句位置相同，且汉语中没有相同的概念，因此很多学生对于这一语法现象理解不够透彻，在学习时总是较难掌握。笔者结合自己多年的教学工作经验对这一语法现象进行一下分析。
一、同位语从句
1.所谓同位语，顾名思义，就是位于名词或代词后，对之起进一步解释说明作用的词，如果起此作用的不是一个词而是一个句子，那么这个句子就叫做同位语从句。
2.常跟有同位语从句的名词：ability, advice, answer, belief, doubt, discovery, fact, fear, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, possibility, problem, proposal, question, story, suggestion, theory, thought, word(消息)等。
例如：人教版高中英语教材第一册Unit 3课文中的句子： The name “whitewater”comes from the fact that the water in these streams and rivers looks white when it moves quickly（.Page 17）又如Page 27: There is no doubt that 100 years ago animal testing was cruel but today animals in experiments are very well taken care of.There is no doubt that the prices of cars will go down.We expressed the hope that they can come to visit our town again.3.常用连接词：同位语从句一般由that, where, when, why, how, who, what等引导。
如人教版高中英语教材第二册Unit 5中的句子：The idea that England stands for Fish & Clips, Speaker’s Corner, Big Ben and the Tower of London is past.(Page 35)。同位语有一个典型句型I have no idea结构，有的人把这个句型列入宾语从句的范畴，因为I have no idea意思就是I don’t know...。但是严格的从语法角度来看还应该属于同位语从句。
I have no idea where I should go.I have no idea how I can get to the railway station.有时候主句的谓语比较短，同位语从句比较长，这个从句就不一定紧接在它所说明的名词后面。如：Word(消息)came that our Chinese women team had beaten Japanese.二、同位语从句和定语从句的比较
1.从位置上看。同位语从句与定语从句在句中的位置都是在名词后，不同之处在于：定语从句对对它前面的名词起修饰限制的作用，属于形容词性从句；同位语从句主要是对它前面的名词进行解释和说明，属于名词性从句。例如人教版 高中英语教材第二册Unit 14有这样一个同位语从句: It’s a reminder that we need to care about the world we live in and that we should learn to respect life and nature.（Page 13）。又如The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.2、从连接词that上看。在同位语从句中，that是连词，在从句中只起连接作用，不作句子成分，没有实在意义，但是不能省略。如人教版高中英语教材第一册Unit 16中的句子: Scientists say that if a medicine works with animals, there is a very high chance that it also works with people.（Page 23）。在定语从句中，that是关系代词，在从句中起连接作用，并充当从句中的句子成分（主语、宾语、表语等）。that作宾语时可以省略，同时指代先行词。如：The book(that)she lent me is interesting.3、从内容上看。对于有些名词后既可以带有定语从句，又可以带有同位语从句的情况，一般是根据从句和名词的关系来进行判断，如果是对名词作进一步的阐明，则是同位语从句，反之则是定语从句，另外还可以从名词本身的意思来进行判断，带有同位语从句的名词一般为抽象名词，而定语从句几乎可以修饰任何名词。
比较：
(1)The suggestion(that)she has given at the meeting is good.(定语从句)(2)The suggestion that she should stay in the room is good.（同位语从句）(1)句中that she has given at the meeting这个从句说明了是她提出的建议，不是别人的建议，也就是限定了the suggestion的范围，但并没有说明建议的内容，从结构上分析，that是give的宾语，所以这个从句是定语从句。
(2)句的that she should stay in the room这个从句说明了建议的内容，同时，that只起连词作用，在从句中既不是主语，也不是宾语，但不能省略，所以它是同位语从句。
又如：(1)The news that the teacher told us is very exciting.(2)The news that our team had won the game is exciting.通过同样的办法我们可以判断(1)句中划线部分为定语从句，(2)句中划线部分为同位语从句。
很多学生认为英语中的语法现象有的很相似，不易区分，其实任何一种语言中的语法现象都不是完全相同的，而是有区别的，只要我们在平时的学习中多注意，多观察，认真领会并分析，相信一定能够区分并能很好运用。
参考书目： 外语教学与研究出版社《使用英语语法》张道真编著
高等教育出版社 《高级英语语法》薄冰主编
人民教育出版社
普通高级中学英语教科书
作者姓名：夏文华
联系电话：*** 通讯地址：河北省迁安市教师进修学校 邮政编码：064400
第四篇：主语从句
高中英语语法之名词性从句之主语从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连词：that（无任何词意）whether,if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）以上在从句中均不充当任何成分
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,whose, whichever,whomever 连接副词：when, where, how, why,how many,how much,how often 不可省略的连词： 1.介词后的连词
2.引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比较：whether与if 均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下，只可用whether：
1.whether引导主语从句并在句首2.引导表语从句 3.whether从句作介词宾语4.从句后有“or not” Whether he will come is not clear.大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用 it充当形式主语。
It is not important who will go.It is still unknown which team will win the match.二.主语从句
1、作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：
What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。Who will win the match is still unknown.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
It is known to us how he became a writer.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：
（1）It + be + 名词 + that从句（2）It + be + 形容词 + that从句（3）It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句（4）It + 不及物动词 + that 从句
另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that …
It is suggested(requested, proposed, desired, etc.)that…
2、第一部分：常规主语从句，即句子在复合句中充当一个主语 主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。
（1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.（2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.（3）Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.（4）Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.（5）What caused the accident remains unknown.（6）Whatever you did is right.（7）Who the watch belongs to was lost is unknown.（8）What we need is time.（9）What we need are good doctors.小结:（1)引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等（2)连词位于句首不能省略（3)主语从句大多数情况下视为三单,但也有例外,如例9
第二部分：为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在主语位置，真正主语搁置于句末（1）It is certain that he will win the match.（2）It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.（3）It is very likely that they will hold a meeting.（4）It is strange that he should do that.（5）It is important that we all should attend the meeting.（6）It is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas.（7）It is a pity that we won't be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation.（8）It is still a mystery what caused the accident.（9）It is said that he has gone to shanghai.(=He is said to have gone to shanghai)（10）It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese.（11）It is suggested that the work should be done with great care.（12）It seems that he has seen the film.(=He seems to have seen the film)（13）It happened that the two cheats were there.(=The two cheats happened to be there)小结:（1)以that 引出的主语从句,常以形式主语it引导.It is +形容词/名词/某些动词ed + that 从句.（2)在有些that从句中要用虚拟语气(should+do/should+have done)例句4,5,6,11.3、主语从句的用法
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
1.It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如： It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.2.用it 作形式主语的结构
(1)It is ＋名词＋从句
It is a fact that … 事实是…
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that …是常识
(2)it is ＋形容词＋从句
It is natural that… 很自然…
It is strange that… 奇怪的是…
(3)it ＋不及物动词＋从句
It seems that… 似乎…
It happened that… 碰巧…
(4)it is＋过去分词＋从句
It is reported that… 据报道…
It has been proved that… 已证实… 3.主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况
(1)if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
(2)It is said ,(reported)…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week.(3)It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.(4)It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.(5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：
Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?
4.What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
What 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如： What you said yesterday is right.1.________ makes mistakes must correct them.A.What B.That C.Whoever D.Whatever 2.It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.A.while B.that C.if D.for 3.When and why he came here ________ yet.A.is not known B.are not known C.has not known D.have not known 4.________ is no reason for dismissing her.A.Because she was a few minutes late B.Owing to a few minutes late C.The fact that she was a few minutes late D.Being a few minutes late 5.________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.A.That…that you had expected B.What …that you had expected C.That…what you had expected D.What…what you had expected
6.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.A.If...do B.That...do C.If...does D.That...does 7.It ________ Bob drives badly.A.thinks that B.is thought what C.thought that D.is thought that 8.It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.A.if B.that C.whether D.how 9.________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.A.That B.What C.How D.Which 10.____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.A.What, what B.What, that C.That, that D.That, what 11.____ you don't like him is none of my business.A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether 12..____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 13._________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.A.That B.Why C.How D.Who 14._______we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.A.When B.Why C.What D.That 15.______he won't go there is clear to all of us.A.How B.What C.Why D.This 16.______the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.A.If B.Where C.That D.What 17.._______you come or not is up to you.A.What B.If C.Why D.Whether 18.._______makes mistakes must correct them.A.Who B.Anyone C.Whoever D.Anybody 19.._______team will win the match is a matter of public concern.A.Which B.That C.If D.How 20..________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who
[参考答案] 1-10 CBACD DDCAA 11-20 CBDAC BDCAC
第五篇：表语从句讲解及练习
The Predicative Clause表语从句
在复合句中作表语的从句称作表语从句，位于连系动词（be，seem，remain等）之后。1.that 引导的表语从句
连接词that 仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。
The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking.2.whether 引导的表语从句
连接词whether起连接作用，意为“是否、究竟、到底”，（注意：if不能引导表语从句)在句中也不作任何成分。
The question is whether what man will turn up in time.3.what, which, who, whom, whose引导的表语从句
连接代词what, which, who, whom, whose除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中从当主语、表语、定语。
Tom is no longer what he used to be.The question is which of us should come first.The problem is who is really fit for the hard job.The important thing is whose name should be put on the top of the list.4.where, when, why, how引导的表语从句
连接副词where, when, why, how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。
That’s where I can’t agree with you.This is why Sara was late for the meeting.This is how they overcome the difficulties.My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.5.其他连词as if, because, as, as though 引导的表语从句
because引导表语从句通常只用于This/That/It is because„结构中。My anger is because you haven’t written to me for a long time.as if/though引导的表语从句，常置于连系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。
It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door.巩固练习1.The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.A.that B.if C.when D.whether 2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.A.because B.that C.for D.because of 3.Go and get your coat.It’ s ________you left it A.where B.there C.there where D.where there 4．The problem is _________to take the place of Ted A.who can we get B.what we can get C.who we can get D.that we can get 5.What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.A.that B.if C.whether D.不填 6.The reason is_________I missed the bus.A.that B.when C.why D.what 7.That is __ ___ we were late last time.A.that B.when C.why D.what 8.She looked _________ she were ten years younger.A.that B.like C.as D.as though 9.—I fell sick!--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.A.why B.when C.what D.because 10.The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.A.because his mother is ill B.because of his mother’s being ill C.that his mother is ill D.for his mother is ill 11.—He was born here.--That is _______ he likes the place so much.A.that B.what C.why D.how 12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.A.what B.where C.that D.why
that/what的区别
1．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.A.What;how are you B.That；how you are C.How；that you are D.What；how you are 2.The trouble is__________we are short of tools.A.what B.that C.how D.why that 3.America was __________was first called “India” by Columbus.A.what B.where C.the place D.there where 4.China is becoming stronger and stronger.It is no longer_________.A.what it used to be B.what it was used to being C.what it used to being D.what it was used to be 5.________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A.What „ that B.That „ what C.What „ what D.That „ what 6.The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.A.that B.which C.what D.such 高考练习—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that_____ you had a few days off？（NMET1999）A.why B.what C.when D.where 2.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through.（1998 上海）A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why D.It’s how 3.See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.（06 全国）
A.when B.which C.where D.what 4.---Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?(2003北京春)---Oh, that’s _____.A.what makes me feel excited B.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited 5.What surprised me was not what he said but ______ he said it.（2004湖北）A.the way B.in the way that C.in the way D.the way which 第一组： 1.-I drive to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that __you had a few days off?(NMET1999)A.why B.when C.what D where 2.The question is ____it is worth visiting.A.if B.as if C.whether D.how 3.This is _____it happened.A.what B.when C.that D.how 4.This is ____ the city lies.A.which B.what C.where D.when 5.He was ill.That is ____he didn’t come yesterday.A.when B.why C.how D.that 6.That was ___ I was thirteen I entered the No.1 Middle School.A.because B.why C.how D when 7.The problem is ____we can master modern science and technology in a short time.A.if B.that C.what D.how 8.–Doesn’t Mr.Smith live on this street?-No.This is ____Mr.Brown lives.A.which B.where C.how D.that 9.The reason why he has been such a success is ____he never gives up.A.what B.where C.how D.that 10.–what is that building?-___the garden equipment is stored A.that’s where B.There is in which C.the building is D.That’s the building which 11.Our village is no longer ____over twenty years ago.A.what was it B.what it was C.the village what was D.what was the village 12.___you are the first one here.A.it seems that as if B.it seems as if that C it seems as if D.It seems that as though 13.My hope is ___he will become a doctor in the future.A.if B.whether C.that D.what 14.It was ___they were used as an advertisement for the shop.A.because B.which C.what D.if 表语从句1-5 DBACC 6-10 ACDDC 11-12 CB that/what 区别 1—6 DBAAAC 高考练习ABDAA 第一组 1-5 ACDCB 6-10 DDBDA 11-14 BCCA
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