第一篇：TPO1-10独立写作思路分析
TPO1: A or D: At universities and colleges, sports and social activities are just as important as classes and libraries and should receive equal financial support.1p: 先强调大学的功能(miniature of the society)肩负大学生平衡发展的重任，需要保证足够的投资 2p: 学生喜欢运动，运动有利于学生身心健康。
3p: 学生喜欢参加社会活动，参加社会活动能拓展学生的人际网络。
4p: 政府和财政部门应该重视对体育设施和公共设施的建设，为学生创建良好物质条件。
TPO 2: A or D: Always telling the truth is the most important consideration in any relationship between people.（参见Steve同学的高分模板范文）1p: 【屈原式《天问》】神啊，我一直在思考一个问题-不扯100+不罢休。
2p: white lie这个词组的存在说明了“转弯抹角”的必要性，因为在某些情况下，说实话会造成A。麻烦，B。尴尬，C。损失。因此人们为了避免麻烦、尴尬和损失是正常的，在某些情况下，撒谎是人的本能反应。撒谎之外的一个选择是：保持沉默。
3p: 但人际交往的基本原则是坦诚和诚信。White lie必须有限度而且有原则。否则会破坏人际关系。4p: 结论：Tricky question或open debate取决于：seriousness.【立场决定2p-3p的比重，你们懂的】
TPO 3: A or D: It is more important to keep your old friends than it is to make new friends.1p: As the wheels of globalization roll on...每天都在加新朋友，也有老朋友失去联系。2p: 老朋友：更懂你的需求，更理解和关心你，更值得信赖。
3p: 新朋友：拓展影响力，建立新人脉。举例：表哥借助新人脉重整家族产业。4p: tricky question.新老朋友都很重要。要坦诚以待。多主动问候，保持联系。
TPO 4: A or D? In twenty years, there will be fewer cars in use than there are today.Yes: 1.New means of transportation, such as metro.2.People's awareness of environmental protection, drive less.3.Because of pollution and energy depletion, governments may restrict the use of cars.No: 1.In an age of globalization, the importance of cars as a symbol of mobility will make it more and more popular(indispensable).2.Cars will be made much cheaper and available to everyone.3.New energy will be available to power cars, such as nuclear energy, or hybrid car that uses both electricity and fuel.TPO 5: A or D? People today spend too much time on personal enjoyment – doing things they like to do – rather than doing things they should do.1p: transformational age.生活方式和社会观念发生很多的变化，社会矛盾也很多。人们压力很大，需要更多的娱乐和休闲方式。
2p: 有个假象：人们在虚度时光。真相：人们工作还是蛮刻苦的。狂举例：医生、律师、教师。。3p: 在业余时间选择不扰民的娱乐方式，是人们的权利。人们有权利选择自己喜欢的生活方式。
4p: 娱乐和工作有时候不能截然分开。举例：表哥自由撰稿人，写微博，发照片，收入颇丰，活的很滋润，工作享受两不误。
TPO 6: A or D? Life today is easier and more comfortable than it was when your grandparents were children.1p: 最好的年代，最坏的年代。扯到120+ 科技的进步并没有带来生活质量的实质性提高。2p: 更多娱乐选择，但人们并不快乐。More entertainment, less happiness.3p: 更多医疗设备，健康却没保障。More advanced medical equipments, but health is not guaranteed.3p: 更多沟通手段，但人与人之间的距离却日渐生疏。【我爸爸叫我下楼来吃饭，都是用微博】 TPO 7: A or D? It is more important for students to understand ideas and concepts than it is for them to learn facts.1p: Knowledge = power.这句话今天有了新的含义。Knowledge = ideas + concepts学生压力大，时间紧，要和有限的时间用于学习更为重要的内容。
2p: facts: basic；ideas + concepts: 高级别的应用，能直接影响和改变我们的生活。比如：twitter是一种划时代的沟通方式，它是基于一个facts：人们太忙，没有时间维护自己的博客和个人网站。Facebook是一种划时代的社交网络，它是基于一个facts：最多通过六个人你就能够认识任何一个陌生人，即六度分割理论。【twitter和facebook的例子，即可以说明ideas更重要，也可以证明facts是基础，依据你的观点来掰】
3p: 在互联网的时代，信息暴涨，没有人可以记住那么多的facts。但是互联网又是一个天然的知识宝库，我们没有必要记住那么多的facts，有需要的时候google即可。
4p: 但是不能play down the important of remembering basic facts.比如：常识性错误--> 尴尬
比如把布宜诺斯艾利斯当成巴西的首都。等等
TPO8: A or D? Television advertising directed toward young children(aged two to five)should not be allowed.1p: the ubiquitous impact of advertising on our lives 2p: 存在的东西有合理性和必要性：restriction is never a good idea: 正确的做法是要求媒体必须倡导良好的社会气氛，不以盈利为主要目的 not entirely profit-oriented 3p: 家长有明辨能力 discernment, and are also responsible /liable /accountable for guiding and monitoring their children 4p: The debate for the negative effects of advertising had been going on for decades but so far, nothing is so bad as what some cynics had feared.(positive effects: ignorant, prejudice)营造和谐气氛
TPO 9: A or D? Technology has made children less creative than they were in the past.1p: the ubiquitous impact of technology on our livesmore creative
2p: computer and information technology--> graphic design(photoshop), animation(flash), e-music(cakewalk), sculpture(organic muds)3p: robotic and bionics technology--> robots for housekeeping 4p: technology--> convenience + comfort--> stagnant + lazy--> double edge sword--> benefit or curse: depends on how you use it
TPO 10: A or D? Playing computer games is a waste of time.Children should not be allowed to play them.1p: what adults can learn from kids...让我陷入深深的思考。
2p: computer games并非一无是处。在这个年代，不会用电脑被视为illiterate。玩电脑游戏和网络游戏是一种趋势，不玩电脑游戏可能无法和同龄人沟通。例子：魔兽世界。
3p: 即便玩电脑游戏很多弊端，或有百害而无一利。家长也教师也不能禁止学生玩。成人也做很多浪费时间，浪费资源的事情。比如斗地主等。
4p: Restriction is never a good idea.应该倡导一种和谐的气氛，引导学生知道该学习的时候努力学习，该放松的时候玩命放松。
第二篇：TPO独立写作题目
1.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? At universities and colleges, sports and social activities are just as important as classes and libraries and should receive equal financial support.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.2.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Always telling the truth is the most important consideration in any relationship between people.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.3.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important to keep your old friends than it is to make new friends.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.4.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In twenty years there will be fewer cars in use than there are today.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.5.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People today spend too much time on personal enjoyment-doing things they like to do-rather than doing things they should do.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.6.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Life today is easier and more comfortable than it was when your grandparents were children.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.7.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important for students to understand ideas and concepts than it is for them to learn facts.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.8.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television advertising directed towards young children(aged two to five)should not be allowed.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.9.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Technology has made children less creative than they were in the past.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.10.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Playing computer games is a waste of time.Children should not be allowed to play them.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.11.Some people say that the Internet provides people with a lot of valuable information.Others think access too much information creates problems.Which view do you agree with? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.12.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to have broad knowledge of many academic subjects than to specialize in one specific subject.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.13.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The extended family(grandparents, cousins, aunts, and uncles)is less important now than it was in the past.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.14.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People benefit more from traveling in their own country than from traveling to foreign countries.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.15.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In order to become financially responsible adults, children should learn to manage their own money at young age.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.16.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The best way to travel is in a group led by a tour guide.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.17.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Most advertisements make products seem much better than they really are.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.18.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Students are more influenced by their teachers than by their friends.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.19.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In order to be well-informed, a person must get information from many different news resources.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.20.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Successful people try new things and take risks rather than only doing what they know how to do well.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.21.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? For success in a future job, the ability to relate well to people is more important than studying hard in school.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.22.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teachers should not make their social or political views known to students in the classroom.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.23.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In today’s world, it is more important to work quickly and risk making mistakes than to work slowly and make sure that everything is correct.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.24.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? One of the best ways that parents can help their teenage children prepare for adult life is to encourage them to take a part-time job.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
第三篇：TPO 独立写作题目
1.At the universities and colleges, sports and social activities are just as important as classes
and libraries and should receive equal financial support.2.Always telling the truth is the most important consideration in any relationship between
people.3.It is more important to keep your old friends than it is to make new friends.4.In twenty years there will be fewer cars in use than there are today.5.People today spend too much time on personal enjoyment—doing things like to do—rather
than doing things they should do.6.Life today is easier and more comfortable than it was when your grandparents were
children.7.It is more important for students to understand ideas and concepts than it is for them to
learn facts.8.Television advertising directed toward young children(aged two to five)should not be
allowed.9.Technology has made children less creative than they were in the past.10.Playing computer games is a waste of time.Children should not be allowed to play them.11.Some people say that the internet provides people with a lot of valuable information.Others
think access to so much information creates problems.Which view do you agree with?
12.It is better to have broad knowledge of many academic subjects than to specialize in one
specific subject.13.The extended family(grandparents, cousins, aunts, and uncles)is less important now than it
was in the past.14.People benefit more from traveling in their own country than from traveling to foreign
countries.15.In order to become financially responsible adults, children should learn to manage their own
money at a young age.16.The best way to travel is in a group led by a your guide.17.Most advertisements make products seem much better than they really are.18.Students are more influenced by their teachers than by their friends.19.In order to be well-informed, a person must get information from many different news
sources.20.Successful people try new things and take risks rather than doing what they already know
how to do well.21.For success in a future job, the ability to relate well to people is more important than
studying hard in school.22.Students are more influenced by their teachers than by their friends.23.In today's world, it's more important to work quickly and risk making mistakes than to work
slowly and make sure that everything is correct.24.One of the best way that parents can help their teenage children prepare for their adult life
to encourage them to take a part-time job.
第四篇：tpo综合写作26
综合写作26
Reading
The zebra mussel, a freshwater shellfish native to Eastern Europe, has long been spreading out from its original habitats and has now reached parts of North America.There are reasons to believe that this invasion cannot be stopped and that it poses a serious threat to freshwater fish populations in all of North America.First, the history of the zebra mussels’ spread suggests that the invasion might be unstoppable.It is a prime example of an invasion made possible by human transportation.From the zebra mussel’s original habitats in Eastern Europe, ships helped spread it out along new canals built to connect Europe’s waterways.The mussel can attach itself to a ship’s bottom or can survive in the water—called “ballast water“—that the ship needs to take on to properly balance its cargo.By the early nineteenth century, the mussel had spread to the whole of Europe.It was later carried to the east coast of North America in the ballast water of ships traveling from Europe.The way ships have spread the zebra mussel in the past strongly suggests that the species will soon colonize all of North America.Moreover, once zebra mussels are carried to a new habitat, they can dominate it.They are a hardy species that does well under a variety of conditions, and they have a high rate of reproduction.Most important, however, zebra mussels often have no predators in their new habitats, and species without natural predators are likely to dominate their habitats.Finally, zebra mussels are likely to cause a decline in the overall fish population in habitats where they become dominant.The mussels are plankton eaters, which mean that they compete for food with many freshwater fish species.Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they support/contradict specific points made in the reading passage.Listening
Narrator
Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.Professor
Contrary to what you just read, there are ways to control the zebra mussels’ spread.What's more, it is not so clear that the mussel is a serious threat to fish populations.True, the spread of zebra mussels couldn't be controlled in the past, but that's because people didn't have enough knowledge.In fact, there are effective ways to stop ships from carrying the mussels to new locations.Here's an
example.The way zebra mussels usually travel across the ocean is that a ship takes on some fresh ”ballast water" in Europe and then empties that water into American waterways when it arrives.Full of zebra mussels, but the ship can be required to empty out the freshwater and refill with ocean water while still out in the ocean.Saltwater will kill the mussels.Second, it's true that zebra mussels often don't have predators in their new habitats, but that's only in the beginning.What's been happening in Europe is that local aquatic birds sooner or later notice there's a new food source around and change their habits to exploit it.They switch from whatever they were eating before to eating zebra mussels.And birds can eat a lot of mussels.So zebra mussels aren't so likely to dominate their new habitats after all.Finally, even in habitats where zebra mussels become dominant, is the overall fish population likely to decrease.It's true that zebra mussels may have a negative impact on fish that eat plankton.But on other fish, they can have a positive impact.For example, the mussels generate nutrients that are eaten by fish that feed near the bottom of the lake or river.So bottom-feeding fish populations may increase, even if plankton-eating fish population decrease.一、阅读听力要点概括
Reading Passage
Main points: The invasion of zebra mussel to North America is unstoppable and puts a threat to freshwater fish.Sub point 1: History suggests invasion might be unstoppable.Sub point 2: Mussels can dominate their new habitat.Sub point 3: Mussel threats fish population after they dominate the area.Lecture
Attitude: Contrary.Unsure mussels’ threat to fish population.Sub Point 1: There are effective ways to stop mussels in today’s knowledge.(Salt water)
Sub Point 2: Birds can be predators and eat mussels.Sub Point 3: Bottom-feeding fish may increase while plankton-eating fish decrease but overall fish population only likely to decrease.Answers
二、范文逐段赏析
Paragraph 1
Contrary to what is argued in the passage, the lecture demonstrates how zebra mussels are not likely to become an imperative threat to freshwater fish populations in North America.此段功能：
(Listening passage后文提到用L代替)
(Reading passage后文用R代替)
以L的观点为主要观点，mussels不会对淡水鱼群造成危害。首段一句话即确定全文逻辑为相反，contrary。
此段结构：
作者用一句话总结了全文讨论的问题，并告诉大家全文逻辑为相反。极其单刀直入。大家发现论点很简明时大可不必费心凑两句话再起下一段。
Paragraph 2
First of all, recently uncovered knowledge of zebra mussel has shed light on new ways to prevent their invasion.Even though people in the past have not been able to stop the spread of zebra mussels, knowledge and technology may help abate their spread in the future.For example, although a large amount of zebra mussels spread to America by staying in the ballast water that is emptied halfway on the journey across the Atlantic and replenished with sea water, the zebra mussels can be exterminated as soon as they are directly exposed to salt water.此段功能：
以L的观点起头，谈sub topic 1，说明现代科技相比旧时代科技有机会阻止mussels spreading.随后举听力中的具体例子为证明。
此段结构：
此段为总分结构。第一句陈述L的观点(可以阻止spreading)，第二句陈述R中的事实(过去的人确实未能阻止mussel spreading)，第三句呈现L中的事实(咸水可以消灭mussels)反驳R中的事实。
Paragraph 3
Furthermore, zebra mussels do not often dominate a new habitat for a long period of time.The lecture agrees that although zebra mussels may have no predators and reproduce rapidly in the beginning, it would not be long before predators take notice of this new source of food, and develop a taste for it, thus preventing its domination.此段功能：
还是以L观点出发，谈sub topic 2, 说明mussels不会经常统治它的栖息地。L中同意短时期内mussels没有天敌，但没过多久掠食者就会发现这些新的美味从而结束mussels的统治。
此段结构：
总分结构。第一句总结L观点说明mussels完全统治是不成立的。第二句陈列L中同意R的证据。第三句陈列L反驳R的补充理由证据。
Paragraph 4
Finally, zebra mussels alone would not cause the decline of overall fish populations.Although zebra mussels may perhaps cause the decline of plankton eaters, as the passage suggests, they would also provide nutrients for bottom-feeding fish and ultimately cause the population of those fish to increase.此段功能：
讨论sub topic 3, 说明mussels不会造成总体鱼群数量的下降。L说虽然他同意R的观点(mussels造成plankton eaters下降)，但是伴随而来的bottom-feeding fish的数量上升从而导致总体鱼群数量上身。
此段结构：
总分结构。第一句总结L观点。第二句依然是陈列L同意R部分的证据。随后第三句陈列L中补充的证据来反驳R的观点。
三、范文全篇总评
1、逻辑结构
全文遵从总分结构，开头段直接一句话总结+逻辑，展开全文反驳基调。随后三段依照3个分论点依次展开。在分论点的论证中，作者阐明了L的态度，先小幅度同意R的观点，随即立刻补充新证据，反驳R的观点。作者利用R的证据，补充新证据后证明了R原来观点的片面性，从而达到一一驳倒的效果。
2、语言表达
全文十分紧凑，并启用了一些新词语赋予色彩。
其中值得借鉴的词语和句式有：
1.Recently uncovered knowledge of zebra mussel has shed light on new ways to prevent their invasion
Recently uncovered:最近新发现的
/Newly discovered/ It is recently found out/
Shed light on: 给与了希望
/Shown/ Given/ Illuminated
2.The lecture agrees although………….(R的观点)………..，….…(L的观点会抵消R的观点)….。
3.Ultimately：最终的，终极的
/Finally/ At last/ In the end/ After all/
Ultimately, the success of his company depends on good marketing.
第五篇：独立写作,思路的逻辑性才是王道
威学教育|专注托福、雅思等出国考试培训 网站：www.xiexiebang.com
独立写作，思路的逻辑性才是王道
对于托福写作中的独立写作部分来说，最重要的因素是什么?当然是逻辑。一篇高分的作文，需要有非常强的逻辑性。欠缺逻辑性是其中一个非常主要的问题。托福写作中不仅段与段之间存在逻辑问题，段内之间也是，很多学生容易犯“想到哪写到哪”，因此思维混乱，最后写着写着，发现偏离主题了，而时间又有限，只能草草收尾。其实参考很多托福优秀范文，不难发现，一篇好文章要具有严密的逻辑关系。加之细化，可以分为：整篇文章中的逻辑关系，段落与段落之间的逻辑关系，以及段落之中句子与句子之间的逻辑关系三部分。1.整篇文章中，开头部分需要明确阐明观点，在结尾部分也应做到首尾呼应。同时，在主体段论述的文章中，也应覆盖观点内容。做到整体逻辑的通顺。
2.段落是构成文章的关键之一，但是考生们却最容易忽视段落之间的逻辑。考生惯用的“Firstly„„Secondly„„Thirdly„„”或者“On one hand„„On another hand„„”，熟练使用并不代表完成了逻辑关系的衔接。段落与段落之间的衔接要求过渡自然，比如采用承上启下的过渡句会使段落之间的衔接更加紧密连贯。
3.段落中句子与句子之间是存在各种各样逻辑关系的，考生们在写得时候一定要理清楚上下文句子间是否存在某种逻辑关系，比如因果关系，并列关系，包含关系等，然后通过某些特定的衔接词使其逻辑关系衔接起来，例如Using emails is very convenient.与there is no time or place limitation for people.这两个句子之间很明显是具备有因果关威学教育|专注托福、雅思等出国考试培训 网站：www.xiexiebang.com
系的，所以在写得时候需要用因果衔接词把它们写一起，即Using emails is very convenient since there is no time or place limitation for people.最后关于高级表达。词汇和句式需要一定的复杂性，但并不是越复杂越好，学会高级表达并不是“抖包袱”，写作的关键是表达准确。很多优秀范文并没有使用大量高级词汇，但是却使用得当、符合语境。所以考生们在注重用词用句的同时，一定要注重自己的逻辑性，写作思路上，环环相扣，层层递进，这样出来的文章才更有说服力，容易得高分。
点击咨询 