第一篇:国际贸易术语中FCA 买方和卖方需要承担的义务
FCA: FCA-Free Carrier...(...named place)货交承运人(...指定地点)是指卖方只要将货物在指定的地点交给买方指定的承运人,并办理了出口清关手续,即完成交货
1. 卖方义务
(1)自负风险和费用,取得出口许可证或其他官方批准证件,在需要办理海关手续时,办理货物出口所需的一切海关手续。
(2)在合同规定的时间、地点,将货物置交给指定承运人,并及时通知买方。(3)承担将货物交给承运人之前的一切费用和风险。(4)自负费用向买方提供交货的通常单据.2买方义务
(1)自负风险和费用,取得进口许可证或其他官方证件,办理货物进口的一切海关手续(2)支付有关的运费(从承运人到买方目的地运费).(3)自费办理货物运输保险;承担货物交给承运人之后所发生的一切费用和风险。
以下贸易术语只适用于水上运输方式 FOB-Free On Board(...named port of shipment)船上交货,又称离岸价格(...装运港),可简单叫"成本";
CFR-Cost and Freight(...named port of destination)成本加运费(...指定目的港)CIF-Cost、Insurance and Freight(...named port of destination)成本加保险费加运费(...指定目的港);
以下贸易术语适用于任何运输方式
FCA-Free Carrier...(...named place)货交承运人(...指定地点)CIP-Carriage Insurance Paid to运费、保险费付至。。(。。named place of destination)指定目的地
CPT-Carriage Paid to...(...named place of shipment)运费付至...指定目的地
第二篇:请问国际贸易术语中FCA
请问国际贸易术语中FCA,CPT,CIP与FOB,CFR,CIF有什么异同点啊? FCA:Free Carrier 货交承运人 适合于任何运输方式,包括多式运输; CPT:Carriage paid To 运费付至 适用于任何方式,包括多式联运;
CIP:Carriage and Insurance Paid To 运费保险费付至 适用于任何方式,包括多式联运;
FOB:Free on Board 装运港船上交货 适用于海运及内河运输;
CFR:Cost and Freight 成本加运费 适用于海运及内河运输;
CIF:Cost Insurance and Freight 成本加保险费运费 适用于海运及内河运输。FCA,FOB下:卖方必须按照买方的指示交运货物,因是买方订立运输合同和指定承运人的,其风险划分点与费用划分点互相重合;
CPT,CIP,CFR,CIF下:卖方必须按通常条件下自费订立运输合同;在CIF,CIP术语下,卖方还必须办理保险,并支付保险费,合同属于装运合同。其风险划分点是在装运港(地),费用划分点是在目的港(地),是分离的。
des与cif术语的异同点是什么?
1,不同:
FOB(free om board)即装运港船上交货(但在与北美国家交易的时候,应在FOB后面+vessel表示船上交货)因此,卖方在合同规定的时间和装运港口,将符合合同规定的货物交到买方指定的船上,并及时通知买方即可。之后的运费和保险费与卖方无关.而CFR(cost and freight以前叫C&F,<<90通则>>改为CFR)成本加运费,是卖方负责办理货物运输,并承担运至指定目的港的运费,在合同规定的装运港和规定的装运期内装船,通知买方、提交相关单据并负责清关后完成交货义务,不负责办理保险.接下来的CIF(cost,insurance and freight)成本,运费加保险.顾名思义就是比CFR条款多负担了一部分保险费用.可以简单的理解为FOB+F=CFR,CFR+I=CIF.另外,与FOB所属的F组(FCA、FAS、FOB)术语相比,CFR,CIF所属的C组(CFR,CIF,CPT,CIP)术语下卖方所承担的责任更大,即卖方都要负贵订立从启运地至目的地的运输契约,并支付正常的运输费用,而且在CIF、CIP术语中卖方更要负责办理货物保险,支付相应保险费.2,相同点:
1)这些条款的交货地点都在装运港,而且都适用于水上运输方式。
2)即使是CIF负责了保险的费用,但是风险转移都是以装运港船舷为界。也就是说,过了船舷,就没卖方什么事情了.(3)为了明确装船费或卸船费的负担问题,也为了让复杂的交易简单化,这三种术语都有其相应的变形。
(4)按这些术语成交的合同均属于装运合同(shipment contract)。
第三篇:国际贸易术语解释通则2010之FCA(中英对照版)
Free Carrier 货交承运人
FCA(insert named place of delivery)Incoterms 2010 货交承运人(„指定地点)GUIDANCE NOTE序言
This rule may be used irrespective of the mode of transport selected and may also be used where more than one mode of transport is employed.“Free Carrier” means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier or another person nominated by the buyer at the seller’s premises or another named place.The parties are well advised to specify as clearly as possible the point within the named place of delivery, as the risk passes to the buyer at that point.If the parties intend to deliver the goods at the seller’s premises, they should identify the address of those premises as the named place of delivery.If, on the other hand, the parties intend the goods to be delivered at another place, they must identify a different specific place of delivery.FCA requires the seller to clear the goods for export, where applicable.However, the seller has no obligation to clear the goods for import, pay any import duty or carry out any import customs formalities.该术语适用于所选择的任一运输方式,也可被用于多式联运。“Free Carrier”是指卖方只要将货物在其所在地或指定交货地点交给买方指定的承运人,即完成交货。当事人应尽可能精准地指定交付地点,因为到达指定地点后风险由买方承担。如果当事人计划在卖方所在地交货,则应指明卖方所在地的地址为指定的交付地点。如果当事人计划在另一地点交货,则应指明另一明确的交货地点。FCA要求在需要办理海关手续时由卖方负责货物出口清关。然而,卖方并没有义务办理货物进口清关、负担任何进口关税或办理任何进口海关手续。A THE SELLER’ OBLIGATIONS 卖方义务
A1 General obligations of the seller 卖方基本义务
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity that may be required by the contract.Any document referred to in A1-A10 may be an equivalent electronic record or procedure if agreed between the parties or customary.卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票以及按照合同约定必需的有同等作用的其他任何凭证。以及经当事人同意或根据交易习惯在A1-A10中提到的任何有同等作用的电子记录或程序的凭证。
A2 Licences, authorizations, security clearances and other formalities 许可,授权,安全许可和其他正式手续
Where applicable, the seller must obtain, at its own risk and expense, any export licence or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities necessary for the export of the goods.在需要办理清关手续时,卖方必须承担风险和费用获得任何出口许可或其他官方授权,办理货物出口所需的一切海关手续。
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance 运输合同和保险合同 a)Contract of carriage 运输合同 The seller has no obligation to the buyer to make a contract of carriage.However, if requested by the buyer or if it is commercial practice and the buyer does not give an instruction to the contrary in due time, the seller may contract for carriage on usual terms at the buyer’s risk and expense.In either case, the seller may decline to make the contract of carriage and, if it does, shall promptly notify the buyer.卖方没有义务为买方订立运输合同。但若买方要求,或者如果是商业惯例而买方未适时给予卖方相反指示,则卖方可按照通常条件订立运输合同,费用和风险由买方承担。在任何一种情况下,卖方都可以拒绝订立此合同;如果拒绝,则应立即通知买方。b)Contract of insurance 保险合同
The seller has no obligation to the buyer to make a contract of insurance.However, the seller must provide the buyer, at the buyer’s request, risk, and expense(if any), with information that the buyer needs for obtaining insurance.卖方没有义务为买方订立保险合同。但应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用,卖方必须提供给买方办理保险所需的相关信息。A4 Delivery 交货
The seller must deliver the goods to the carrier or another person nominated by the buyer at the agreed point, if any, at the named place on the agreed date or within the agreed period.卖方必须在指定的交货地点,在约定的交货日期或期限内,将货物交付给买方指定的承运人或其他人。Delivery is completed: 交货在以下时候完成:
a)If the named place is the seller’s premises, when the goods have been loaded on the means of transport provided by the buyer.若指定的地点是卖方所在地,则当货物被装上买方提供的运输工具时;
b)In any other case, when the goods are placed at the disposal of the carrier or another person nominated by the buyer on the seller’s means of transport ready for unloading.If no specific point has been notified by the buyer under B7 d)within the named place of delivery,and if there are several points available, the seller may select the point that best suits its purpose.在其他情况下,当货物在卖方的运输工具上准备卸货而交给买方指定的承运人或其他人处置时完成交货。若按照B7 d)规定在指定交货地点内买方没有决定具体交货点,且有几个具体交货点可供选择时,卖方可选择最适合其目的的交货点。A5 Transfer of risks 风险转移
The seller bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods until they have been delivered in accordance with A4, with the exception of loss or damage in the circumstances described in B5.除B5规定者外,卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险,直至已按照A4规定交货为止。A6 Allocation of costs 费用划分 The seller must pay 卖方必须支付:
a)all costs relating to the goods until they have been delivered in accordance with A4, other than those payable by the buyer as envisaged in B6;and b)where applicable, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export, as well as all duties, taxes, and other charges payable upon export.除按照B6规定应由买方支付的费用外,卖方必须支付与货物有关的一切费用,直至已按照A4规定交货为止;在需要办理海关手续时,货物出口应办理的海关手续费用及出口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用。A7 Notices to the buyer 通知买方
The seller must, at the buyer’s risk and expense, give the buyer sufficient notice either that the goods have been delivered in accordance with A4 or that the carrier or another person nominated by the buyer has failed to take the goods within the time agreed.在货物已按照A4规定交付给承运人或在约定时间内买方指定的承运人或其他人未能接收货物时,卖方必须给予买方充分通知,由买方承担风险和费用。A8 Delivery document 交货凭证
The seller must provide the buyer, at the seller’s expense, with the usual proof that the goods have been delivered in accordance with A4.The seller must provide assistance to the buyer, at the buyer’s request, risk and expense, in obtaining a transport document.卖方必须自付费用向买方提供证明按照A4规定交货的通常单据。应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用,卖方必须给予买方协助以取得运输单据。A9 Checking –packaging –marking查对、包装、标记
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations(such as checking quality, measuring, weighing, counting)that are necessary for the purpose of delivering the goods in accordance with A4, as well as the costs of any pre-shipment inspection mandated by the authority of the country of export.The seller must, at its own expense, package the goods, unless it is usual for the particular trade to transport the type of goods sold unpackaged.The seller may package the goods in the manner appropriate for their transport, unless the buyer has notified the seller of specific packaging requirements before the contract of sale is concluded.Packaging is to be marked appropriately.卖方必须支付按照A4规定为了将货物交给买方处置所需进行的查对费用(如查对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点数的费用)以及出口国有关当局在装运前强制检验的费用。卖方必须自付费用包装货物,除非按照相关行业惯例,所售类型的货物通常无需包装发运。卖方应该按照有关货物运输所要求的方式包装货物,除非买方在订立合同前已经通知卖方特殊的包装要求。包装应作适当标记。
A10 Assistance with information and related costs信息协助及相关费用
The seller must, where applicable, in a timely manner, provide to or render assistance in obtaining for the buyer, at the buyer’s request, risk and expense, any documents and information, including security-related information, that the buyer needs for the import of the goods and/or for their transport to the final destination.The seller must reimburse the buyer for all costs and charges incurred by the buyer in providing or rendering assistance in obtaining documents and information as envisaged in B10.应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用,在需要办理清关手续时,卖方必须给予买方一切及时的协助,以帮助其取得包括买方为进口货物和/或为使货物运输到最终目的地所需的有关货物安全信息在内的任何凭证和信息。卖方必须偿付买方按照B10规定在卖方获得相关凭证和信息时给予协助所发生的费用。
B THE BUYER’ OBLIGATIONS 买方义务
B1 General obligations of the buyer 卖方基本义务
The buyer must pay the price of the goods as provided in the contract of sale.买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
Any document referred to in B1-B10 may be an equivalent electronic record or procedure if agreed between the parties or customary.以及经当事人同意或根据交易习惯在B1-B10中提到的任何有同等作用的电子记录或程序的凭证。B2 Licences, authorizations, security clearances and other formalities 许可,授权,安全许可和其他正式手续
Where applicable, it is up to the buyer to obtain, at its own risk and expense, any import licence or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities for the import of the goods and for their transport through any country.在需要办理清关手续时,由买方自担风险和费用获得任何进口许可或其他官方授权,并负责办理货物进口和从他国过境的一切海关手续。
B3 Contracts of carriage and insurance 运输合同和保险合同 a)Contract of carriage 运输合同 The buyer must contract at its own expense for the carriage of the goods from the named place of delivery, except when the contract of carriage is made by the seller as provided for in A3 a).买方必须自付费用订立自指定的地点运输货物的合同,卖方按照A3 a)订立了运输合同时除外。b)Contract of insurance 保险合同
The buyer has no obligation to the seller to make a contract of insurance.买方没有义务为卖方订立保险合同。B4 Taking delivery 受领货物
The buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered as envisaged in A4.Unless the buyer notifies the seller otherwise, the seller may deliver the goods for carriage in such a manner as the quantity and/or nature of the goods may require.买方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时,受领货物。除非买方提出特殊要求,否则卖方可以按照货物本身的数量和性质要求选择货物的运输方式。B5 Transfer of risks 风险转移
The buyer bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time they have been delivered as envisaged in A4.买方必须承担自按照A4规定交货之时起货物灭失或损坏的一切风险;如果
If a)the buyer fails in accordance with B7 to notify the nomination of a carrier or another person as envisaged in A4 or to give notice;or 买方未按照B7规定给予卖方相应通知
b)the carrier or person nominated by the buyer as envisaged in A4 fails to take the goods into its charge, then, the buyer bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods:(i)from the agreed date, or in the absence of an agreed date,(ii)from the date notified by the seller under A7 within the agreed period;or, if no such date has been notified,(iii)from the expiry date of any agreed period for delivery, provided that the goods have been clearly identified as the contract goods.当自约定的交货日期或并未约定日期;自买方按照A7规定指定的约定期限内的日期起或买方并未指定该日期;或自交货期限届满之日起(但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下为限),买方指定的承运人或其他人未能接管货物时,买方承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。B6 Allocation of costs 费用划分
The buyer must pay 买方必须支付:
a)all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered as envisaged in A4, except, where applicable, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export, as well as all duties, taxes, and other charges payable upon export as referred to in A6 b);自按照A4规定交货之时起与货物有关的一切费用,以及在需要办理海关手续时,货物出口所需办理海关手续的费用和按照A6 b)规定在货物出口时应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用
b)any additional costs incurred, either because:(i)the buyer fails to nominate a carrier or another person as envisaged in A4, or(ii)the carrier or person nominated by the buyer as envisaged in A4 fails to take the goods into its charge, or(iii)the buyer has failed to give appropriate notice in accordance with B7, provided that the goods have been clearly identified as the contract goods;and 在买方未能按照A4规定指定承运人或其他人,或被买方指定的承运人或其他人未能按照A4规定接管货物,或买方未能按照B7规定给予卖方适当通知(但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下为限)时,买方应承担所发生的一切额外费用
c)where applicable, all duties, taxes and other charges as well as the costs of carrying out customs formalities payable upon import of the goods and the costs for their transport through any country.在需要办理海关手续时,货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用,以及办理海关手续的费用及从他国过境的费用 B7 Notices to the seller 通知卖方
The buyer must notify the seller of 买方必须通知卖方以下事项:
a)the name of the carrier or another person nominated as envisaged in A4 within sufficient time as to enable the seller to deliver the goods in accordance with that article;按照A4规定及时通知其所指定的承运人或其他人的姓名,以便卖方有充分时间按照合同规定交付货物 b)where necessary, the selected time within the period agreed for delivery when the carrier or person nominated will take the goods;一旦买方有权确定在约定的期限内承运人或被指定的其他人受领货物的具体时间时,必须给予卖方通知
c)the mode of transport to be used by the person nominated;and 买方所指定的承运人采用的运输方式
d)the point of taking delivery within the named place.和指定交货地点内的具体受领货物的地点 B8 Proof of delivery 交货证明
The buyer must accept the proof of delivery provided as envisaged in A8.买方必须接受卖方按照A8规定所提供的交货证明 B9 Inspection of goods货物检验
The buyer must pay the costs of any mandatory pre-shipment inspection, except when such inspection is mandated by the authorities of the country of export.买方必须支付任何装运前强制检验的费用,包括出口国有关当局强制进行的检验。B10 Assistance with information and related costs 信息协助及相关费用 The buyer must, in a timely manner, advise the seller of any security information requirements so that the seller may comply with A10.The buyer must reimburse the seller for all costs and charges incurred by the seller in providing or rendering assistance in obtaining documents and information as envisaged in A10.The buyer must, where applicable, in a timely manner, provide to or render assistance in obtaining for the seller, at the seller’s request, risk and expense, any documents and information, including security-related information, that the seller needs for the transport and export of the goods and for their transport through any country.买方必须及时通知卖方以便其按照A10规定提供任何必要的安全信息。
买方必须偿付卖方按照A10规定在买方获得相关凭证和信息时给予协助所发生的费用。应卖方要求并由其承担风险和费用,在需要办理清关手续时,买方必须给予卖方一切及时的协助,以帮助其取得包括卖方为货物运输和出口和必要时从他国过境所需的有关货物安全信息在内的任何凭证和信息。
第四篇:国际贸易术语中FOB,CIF,CFR的异同
简单的说: FOB, FREE ON BOARD离岸价,货物越过船舷以前的所有费用和风险发货方承担.CIF,COST INSURANCE FREIGHT到岸价加保险,货物到目的港的一切费用,保险由发货方承担.C&F,CFR COST AND FRIEGHT是一个意思.和CIF比起来只是不含保险.书面说明如下,FOB/CIF/CFR的共同点
1、三种价格术语都适用于海运和内河运输(如中国长江河运,美国五大湖地区河运)其承运人一般只限于船公司。
2、三种价格术语交货点均为装运港船舷(实际为船舱内)风险点均以在装运港越过船舷时(实际为船舱内)从卖方转移至买方。
3、费用点:卖方均承担货物在装运港越过船舷为止的一切费用。
4、提单:卖方均需向买方提交已装船清洁提单。
5、装船通知:装运前后卖方均应及时向买方发出装船通知。
6、风险点:卖方在装运港将货物装船后的风险即转移到买方。
7、目的港的进口清关,费用等均由买方负责办理;装运港的装船,陆运,出口报关,办理许可证等均由卖方办理。
8、卖方都有在装运港安排订舱、配船的义务。
FOB和 CIF价格术语的不同点
1、价格术语后港口性质不一样,FOB后的港口指卖方所在国的海港或河港,而CIF 后的港口指买方所在国的海港或河港,CIF 价格术语后目的港后应注明港口所属国别,如维多利亚港,在香港有,英国有,巴西有,必须加注国别来区分。
2、费用构成不一样,报价不一样。FOB价格是考虑货物从原料购进、生产直到出口报关货物装到买方指定船舱同的一切费用和利润为止,而CIF则是在FOB价格的基础上再加上海运费和保险费。
3、THC码头作业费的支付对象不同。按照谁支付海运费谁支付THC费用的原则,FOB价格条款中THC费用应由买方承担,CIF中THC应由卖方承担,现行国内THC标准为20‘柜370元,大柜40’为560元,THC费用应在贸易合同中明确注明由谁支付。
4、保险费支付、办理不同:FOB、CNF 保险由买方办理,卖方应于装船前通知买方;CIF 保险由卖方办理并支付保险费,卖方按合同条款,保险条款办理保险并将保险单交给买方。
5、价格术语国际惯例不同,FOB 价格在美国惯例和国际商会的1990及2000年通则惯例,CIF大多数为国际商会的1990年/2000年惯例,订立贸易合同或客户开出信用证中注意加以区别。
6、空运货物:FOB 卖方只承担货物上飞机之前的所有费用空运费,空运目的港费用由买方承担。
CIF 卖方除承担FOB空运费用外还需按买方要求承担空运费以及对货物空运投保保险。
空运货物自装运港交付后货物所有权即转移至买方。
7、租船订船不同:FOB价格由买方指定船公司/船代公司甚至货代公司安排船运,买方能否及时租船订舱,会影响卖方的及时交货以及银行交单等。
CIF价格则由卖方自主选择船公司或货代公司。
8、装船通知告知买方时间不同:FOB价格和CNF在装船前告知买方,装船内容、装船细节以便买方有充足的时间办理货物海上保险而CIF是由卖方投保可在装船后几天内告知买方装船通知。
9、装运后跟踪服务不同:FOB价格术语由于是客户指定船代/货代,其二程三程中转一般由买方负责办理,而CIF价格术语,为给卖方提供更好的服务一般由卖方及时联系货代船代将中转情况,目的港代理资料,何时到港等资料告知买方。(但CIF 价格中卖方并无此规定义务,一般实际操作中买方会有此要求)
10、不可抗力风险不同:索赔难度不同
在实际出口业务中若货物已装船,在装运港或运输途中遭受不可抗力自然灾害或意外事故,而卖方提交的单据与L/C规定有“不符点”遭到开征行拒付货款情况下FOB、CNF和CIF所承担的风险不同。
在CIF术语上是卖方办理保险,在启运港投保,在客户拒付退单的情况下,卖方可凭保单向当地保险公司索赔。
在FOB和CNF情况下是买方办理保险,保单在买方手里,保险公司又大多在国外,卖方难以向保险公司索赔,尤其是FOB术语上,卖方要找买方指定租船订舱的船公司/船代理及时准确取证就更难。
在当前实际出口业务中客户指定货代/船公司的FOB术语业务相对较。
第五篇:司法考试辅导:国际经济法中的国际贸易术语
《国际贸易术语解释通则》中的13个术语是考试中的重点内容这一,也是复习的难点之一,其内容复杂,记忆量大,很有些使人头痛。实际上,只要方法得当,要记住它们并不很困难,因为这些术语的排列极具规律性。如能通过列表的方式对各个术语适用的运输方式、出口清关、进口清关手续由哪一方负责办理,运输合同、保险合同由哪一方订立,交货地点、风险转移时间进行归纳,总结,收获必定不小。
注意:
1.E组、F组的运输合同的订立由买方负责,C组、D组的运输合同的订立由卖方负责。
2.EFC三组述语中除名称中含I(即INSURANCE)的CIF、CIP之外,均为买方办理保险合同。D组术语和CIF、CIP由卖方办理保险合同。
3.在FCA术语下,如在卖方所在地交货,卖方应负责装货;如在其他地点交货,卖方可以在自己的运输工具上完成交货,而不负责将货物从自己的运输工具上卸下。
4.在FOB术语下,术语后标出的是装货港的名称,在CIF术语下,术语后标出的是卸货港的名称。
5.在CFR术语下,装船是卖方而投保却是买方,因此,卖方在装船后应给买方以充分的通知。否则,因此而造成买方漏保引起的货物损失应由卖方承担。
6.在CPT术语下,卖方须向承运人交货,在有接运承运人的情况下,须向第一承运人交货。
7.有了上面这张表,相信记忆会相对容易。此外,要注意结合各个术语的英文名称来记,如看见FCA就应想到Free Carrier,这样该术语的内容就很容易联想起来;再如术语中含I,就应联想到Lnsurance,以此可知该术语的卖方义务中包含了办理保险合同。总之,要善于找出规律,并利用规律来进行记忆,这样记忆既容易记住,又不容易忘。
试题解析
1.我山东渤海公司与日本东洋株式会社在万国博览会上签订了一份由日方向中方提供BX2-Q船用设备的买卖合同。其中价格条款为USD832000/DES.运输途中由于不可抗力导致船舶起火,虽经及时抢救,仍有部分设备烧坏。之后双方就设备损失赔偿发生争议并申请仲裁。你认为应由谁来承担烧坏设备的损失?[1998年单选题]
A.东洋株式会社
B.山东渤海公司
C.船公司
D.保险公司
答案为:A
本题考DES贸易术语的风险转移界线。
DES术语的名称是“目的港船上交货”。一般情况下,卖方只有将货物交付给买方时,货物灭失或损坏的风险才转移至买方。而交货是指卖方在目的港通常的卸货地点将船上货物置于买方支配之下。本题中,货物显然还未交付,货物因不可抗力烧坏的损失自然应由卖方承担。
2.2000年《国际贸易术语解释通则》有关FCA贸易术语下交货与装货义务的规定包括下列哪些内容?[2002年多选题]
A.当卖方在其所在地交货时,应由买方负责装货
B.当卖方在其所在地交货时,应由卖方负责装货
C.当卖方在其他地点交货时,则当货物在卖方的运输工具上尚未卸货即完成交货
D.当卖方在其他地点交货时,则卖方应负责将货物运至交货地点并卸下才完成交货
答案为:B C
依2000年《通则》的规定,在FCA贸易术语中,当卖方在其所在地交货时,则应由卖方负责装货,当货物装上买方指定的承运人或代表买方的其他人提供的运输工具时,完成交货。当在其他地点交货时,则当货物在卖方的运输工具上,尚未卸货而交给买方指定的承运人或其他人或由卖方选定的承运人处置时,卖方完成交货。即卖方可以在自己的运输工具上完成向对方的交货。
3.根据《1990年国际贸易术语解释通则》的解释,在DAF(边境交货)术语中,下列哪些地点可以是卖方交货地点?[1997年多选题]
A.出口国边境
B.进口国边境
C.双方约定的任何边境地点
D.第三国边境
答案为:ABCD
本题考DAF术语中“边境”所指,它可以指任何边境。
4.根据《1990年国际贸易术语解释通则》的规定,某一贸易术语卖方应承担下列责任、风险和费用:①提供符合合同规定的货物、单证或相等的电子单证;②自负费用及风险办理出口许可证及其他货物出口手续,交纳出口捐、税、费;③依约定的时间、地点,依港口惯例将货物装上买方指定的船舶并给予买方以充分的通知;④承担在装运港货物越过船舷以前的风险和费用。该术语应为下列哪项国际贸易术语?[1999年单选题]
A.FOB
B.CIF
C.CFR
D.DDU
答案为:A B 本题考点国际贸易术语的含义。
5.根据《国际贸易术语解释通则2000》的规定,下列哪一种贸易需由卖方办理进口手续?[2002年单选题]
A.FAS
B.DEQ
C.DDP
D.DDU
答案为:C
DDP为完税后交货,其特点是卖方须承担把货物交至目的地国所需的全部费用和风险。卖方是在目的地,如边境、港口、进口国内地履行交货义务,因此称为到货合同。卖方不但要办理出口手续,还要办理进口手续。
6.下列哪一种价格术语规定由应由买方履行办理出口清关手续的义务?
A、FOB
B、CIF
C、CFR
D、EXW
答案为:D
在四种国际贸易术语中只有EXW是由买方办理出口清关手续。
7.中国某公司以CIF价向德国某公司出口一批农副产品,向中国人民保险公司投保了一切险,并规定以信用证方式支付。中国公司在装船并取得提单后,办理了议付。第二天,中国公司接到德国公司来电,称装货的海轮在海上失火,该批农副产品全部烧毁,要求中国公司向中国人民保险公司提出索赔,否则要求中国公司退还全部货款。下列选项哪项是正确的?[2000年单选题]
A、中国公司应向保险公司提出索赔
B、德国公司应向中国公司提出索赔
C、德国公司应向公司提出索赔
D、德国公司应向保险公司提出索赔
答案为:D
在CIF条件下,卖方根据合同约定自行负担费用取得货物保险,使买方或任何其他对货物拥有保险利益的人有权直接向保险人索赔,并向买方提供保险单或其他保险凭证。换言之,CIF条件下,货物的所有权自货物越过船弦时,已转移给买方。买方应直接向保险人索赔。本题中作为买方的德国公司应直接向保险公司提出索赔。
8.下列国际贸易术语中,哪几项需要卖方办理货物的进口结关手续?[1997年多选题]
A.DES
B.DEQ(关税已付)
C.DDU
D.DDP
答案为:B D
本题考由卖方办理货物进口结关手续的贸易术语名称。DEQ 为目的港码头交货,DDP为完税后交货。只有这二项贸易术语符合题目要求。
9.根据《1990年国际贸易术语解释通则》,贸易术语适用于哪类合同?[1997年单选题]
A.买卖合同
B.运输合同
C.保险合同
D.租船合同
答案为:A
本题考贸易术语适用合同的类型。贸易即买卖。
10.根据《1990年国际贸易术语解释通则》哪些国际贸易术语规定货物的风险自装运港货物越过船舷时从卖方转移给买方?[1998年单选题] 1 2