电大英语网考试题

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第一篇:电大英语网考试题

英译汉B 资料说明:

2011年4月大学英语B 网考英语B 统考英语B 电大英语B 计算机应用基础必备资料

“大学英语B”网考是什么性质的考试? 回答:“大学英语B”网考是高校网络教育统一考试之一,主要针对电大及各网络高等教育的非英语专业和非艺术专业的本科学生。通过“大学英语B”网考是该类学生获得毕业证书的必要条件之一,因此,上述学生必须通过“大学英语B”网考方可顺利毕业。

大学英语B网络统考:适用范围为各电视大学,远程教育学院,各种网络教育学院的专升本考试,统一组织的上机考试,题目随机从题库抽选,每年3次,4月,9月,12月

本资料由 学长特供 在2011年3月27日为有复习基础的同学准备的复习资料,请尊重汇编者的努力,不要随意修改后转发。

根据中华人民共和国著作权法律规定:汇编作品由汇编人享有著作权。

1、You and your team can discover the answers to problems together.答案:你和你的团队可一起找到问题的答案。

5、He prefers coffee to tea.答案:与茶相比,他更喜欢咖啡。

6、Our textbooks are very different from theirs.答案:我们的教材与他们的教材很不一样。

8、You'd better do that again.答案:你最好再做一遍。

9、What kind of life do most people enjoy? 答案:多数人喜欢什么样的生活?

12、How are you doing these days? 答案:这些日子你怎么样?

17、Would you mind closing the window for me? 答案:能帮我关一下窗户吗?

21、I feel satisfied with my life.答案:我对生活感到满意。

22、Who's going to answer the telephone? 答案:谁去接电话?

23、Who's going to answer the door? 答案:谁去开门?

29、China is the largest developing country in the world.答案:中国是世界上最大的发展中国家。

30、Beijing Olympic Games can make Chinese people work harder.答案:北京奥林匹克运动会使得中国人民更加努力工作。

31、He was very happy to hear from his old friend.答案:他很高兴收到他的老朋友的信。

32、Trees need water to grow.答案:树木有水才能生长。

33、Who can help me clean the room? 答案:谁能帮我打扫房间?

34、We should encourage him to have confidence in himself.答案:我们应当鼓励他对自己要有信心。

35、I have a pain in my back.答案:我的背疼。

36、He had a traffic accident last week.答案:他上星期出了一起交通事故。

37、He is always very active in student activities.答案:他在学生活动中一直非常积极。

38、We are from mainland China.答案:我们来自中国大陆。

39、The school management must be improved.答案:必须改进学校管理。

40、I'm going to buy a monthly ticket tomorrow.答案:我想明天买张月票。

41、Students can study by themselves through school network.答案:学生可以自己通过校园网络学习。

42、He offered to help us with our work.答案:他主动帮助我们工作。

43、He is a worldwide famous scientist.答案:他是一位世界著名的科学家。

44、There is something urgent for you to do right now.答案:有件急事要你立即去做。

45、Our teacher always encourages us to speak English bravely.答案:我们的老师总是鼓励我们大胆讲英语。

46、This pair of shoes cost me 260 yuan.答案:这双鞋花了我260元钱。

47、The little boy wanted to exchange his toy car for my cake.答案:这个小男孩想用他的玩具小汽车换我的蛋糕。

48、One can never succeed without enough confidence in himself.答案:一个人如果对自己没有足够的信心就不可能成功。

49、I don't know who broke the window.答案:我不知道谁打破了窗户。

50、I'll have to try using the search engines.2

答案:我得试着用这个搜索引擎。

51、Did you get that E-mail from me? 答案:你收到我发的那封电子邮件了吗?

52、Let's try something different.答案:让我们尝尝其它不同的口味。

53、The more I study, the less I seem to learn.答案:我读的书越多,好象学到的东西越少。

54、It takes a lot of time to learn a foreign language.答案:学习一门外语需要很多时间。

55、They have been working together for three months and have come to know each other better.答案:他们一起工作了三个月,相互之间也更了解了。

56、What would you like to drink, mineral water or tea? 答案:你喜欢喝点什么,矿泉水还是茶水?

57、Jane moved to New York at the end of last month.答案:简在上月底就移居纽约了。

58、It was a hard job, but he did not mind.答案:这项工作很艰苦,但他并不在乎。

59、You are clever enough to pass the exam.答案:你很聪明,能通过考试。

60、Because there was heavy traffic, we were ten minutes late.答案:由于交通拥挤,我们晚了十分钟。

61、You'd better go quickly before I change my mind.答案:趁着我还没有改变主意,你赶快走吧。

62、We're running behind schedule by about 15 minutes.答案:我们大约误点十五分钟。

63、Okay, and I need a pen to fill out the address.答案:好,我还得借一支笔来填写地址。

64、Once all the information is completed, you sign here.答案:所有内容都填完之后,你就在这儿签名。65、I need to buy some 50-cent stamps.答案:我需要买一些50美分的邮票。

66、This TV channel has too many commercials.答案:这个电视台频道广告太多了。

67、Why, do you want me to change the channel? 答案:怎么了,你要我换个频道吗?

68、I came here at least once a month.答案:我一个月至少来这里一次。

69、I think the picture shows us how fruits is necessary to life.答案:我想这幅图是告诉我们水果是生活中不可缺的。

70、I don't want to spend five dollars on a cup of water.3

答案:我不想花五美元买一瓶水。71、When I was young, I'd listen to the radio, waiting for my favorite songs.答案:当我还是个小孩的时候,我常听收音机,等待我最喜欢的歌。

72、I'm certain he'll go to see the film, because he's bought a ticket.答案:我肯定他会去看电影的,因为他把票都买好了。73、He has been learning English for years.答案:多年来,他一直在学英语。

74、He had to leave early yesterday.答案:昨天他不得不早些离开。75、He stopped to smoke.答案:他停下来,开始吸烟。

76、I came back because of the rain.答案:因为下雨我就回来了。

77、The earth on which we live is shaped like a ball.答案:我们居住的地球,形状像一个大球。78、We should make best use of time.答案:我们要充分利用时间。

79、Can you express yourself clearly in English? 答案:你能用英语清楚地表达自己的意思吗?

80、I'll try not to take up too much of your time.答案:我尽量不占用你太多的时间。81、We are short of time and money.答案:我资金和时间都缺。

82、It's never too late to learn.答案:活到老,学到老。

83、Try hard or you'll fail the test.答案:努力地,否则你考试及不了格。

84、He lives in a small room with only one small window.答案:他住在一间只有一个小窗户的小房间里。88、The plane took off very smoothly.答案:飞机很平稳地起飞了。

89、They sold the old house yesterday.答案:昨天他们把那旧房子卖了。90、I prefer tea to coffee.答案:我宁可要茶,不要咖啡。

91、The doctor said there was nothing wrong with his eyes.答案:医生说他的眼睛没有毛病。

92、Nothing in the world moves faster than light.答案:世界上没有什么东西比光走得更快。

93、He doesn't know what life means to him.答案:他不知道人生的意义。

94、The more money I make, the happier I will be.答案:赚的钱越多,我就会越快乐。

95、Could you tell me where the post office is? 答案:请问邮局在哪里?

96、Fires may do more damage than the earthquakes.答案:火所造成的损失可能比地震还严重。

97、I was too excited to say a word in front of him.答案:我当时太兴奋了,以至于在他面前什么也说不出来了。98、When she left school, she went first to Britain.答案:在她离开学校后,她一开始去的是英国。

99、But competitive swimming is just over one hundred years old.答案:但游泳比赛不过只有一百余年的历史。100、Everyone was in bed except me.答案:除了我,所有人都上床睡觉了。

101、He was satisfied with his new car, and drove to work in it the very next day.答案:他对自己的新车感到很满意,第二天就开着去上班了。102、I'll write to you as soon as I get there.答案:我一到那儿就给你写信。

103、I'm going to visit a friend of mine this Sunday.答案:本星期天,我要去拜访一位朋友。

110、Various substances differ widely in their magnetic(磁性的)characteristics.答案:各种材料的磁性有很大的不同。

111、In an age of plenty, we feel spiritual hunger.答案:在这个物质财富充裕的时代,我们感到精神上的饥渴。112、I was having a nap when suddenly the telephone rang.答案:我在睡觉时,电话铃突然响了。113、All that glitters is not gold.答案:闪光的未必都是金子。

114、Transistors are small in size and light in weight.答案:晶体管的体积小、重量轻。

115、John and his brother differ in personality even if their differences in age are not significant.答案:尽管约翰和他哥哥在年纪上相差不大,但他们的个性却不相同。116、As is known to all, China is a developing country.答案:众所周知,中国是一个发展中国家。

第二篇:电大英语网考试题 整理版

1、You and your team can discover the answers to problems together.答案:你和你的团队可一起找到问题的答案。

5、He prefers coffee to tea.答案:与茶相比,他更喜欢咖啡。

6、Our textbooks are very different from theirs.答案:我们的教材与他们的教材很不一样。

8、You'd better do that again.答案:你最好再做一遍。

9、What kind of life do most people enjoy? 答案:多数人喜欢什么样的生活?

12、How are you doing these days? 答案:这些日子你怎么样?

17、Would you mind closing the window for me? 答案:能帮我关一下窗户吗?

21、I feel satisfied with my life.答案:我对生活感到满意。

22、Who's going to answer the telephone? 答案:谁去接电话?

23、Who's going to answer the door? 答案:谁去开门?

29、China is the largest developing country in the world.答案:中国是世界上最大的发展中国家。

30、Beijing Olympic Games can make Chinese people work harder.答案:北京奥林匹克运动会使得中国人民更加努力工作。

31、He was very happy to hear from his old friend.答案:他很高兴收到他的老朋友的信。

32、Trees need water to grow.答案:树木有水才能生长。

33、Who can help me clean the room? 答案:谁能帮我打扫房间?

34、We should encourage him to have confidence in himself.答案:我们应当鼓励他对自己要有信心。

35、I have a pain in my back.答案:我的背疼。

36、He had a traffic accident last week.答案:他上星期出了一起交通事故。

37、He is always very active in student activities.答案:他在学生活动中一直非常积极。

38、We are from mainland China.答案:我们来自中国大陆。

39、The school management must be improved.答案:必须改进学校管理。

40、I'm going to buy a monthly ticket tomorrow.答案:我想明天买张月票。

41、Students can study by themselves through school network.答案:学生可以自己通过校园网络学习。

42、He offered to help us with our work.答案:他主动帮助我们工作。

43、He is a worldwide famous scientist.答案:他是一位世界著名的科学家。

44、There is something urgent for you to do right now.答案:有件急事要你立即去做。

45、Our teacher always encourages us to speak English bravely.答案:我们的老师总是鼓励我们大胆讲英语。

46、This pair of shoes cost me 260 yuan.答案:这双鞋花了我260元钱。

47、The little boy wanted to exchange his toy car for my cake.答案:这个小男孩想用他的玩具小汽车换我的蛋糕。

48、One can never succeed without enough confidence in himself.答案:一个人如果对自己没有足够的信心就不可能成功。

49、I don't know who broke the window.答案:我不知道谁打破了窗户。

50、I'll have to try using the search engines.答案:我得试着用这个搜索引擎。

51、Did you get that E-mail from me? 答案:你收到我发的那封电子邮件了吗?

52、Let's try something different.答案:让我们尝尝其它不同的口味。

53、The more I study, the less I seem to learn.答案:我读的书越多,好象学到的东西越少。

54、It takes a lot of time to learn a foreign language.答案:学习一门外语需要很多时间。

55、They have been working together for three months and have come to know each other better.答案:他们一起工作了三个月,相互之间也更了解了。

56、What would you like to drink, mineral water or tea? 答案:你喜欢喝点什么,矿泉水还是茶水?

57、Jane moved to New York at the end of last month.答案:简在上月底就移居纽约了。

58、It was a hard job, but he did not mind.答案:这项工作很艰苦,但他并不在乎。

59、You are clever enough to pass the exam.答案:你很聪明,能通过考试。

60、Because there was heavy traffic, we were ten minutes late.答案:由于交通拥挤,我们晚了十分钟。

61、You'd better go quickly before I change my mind.答案:趁着我还没有改变主意,你赶快走吧。

62、We're running behind schedule by about 15 minutes.答案:我们大约误点十五分钟。

63、Okay, and I need a pen to fill out the address.答案:好,我还得借一支笔来填写地址。

64、Once all the information is completed, you sign here.答案:所有内容都填完之后,你就在这儿签名。65、I need to buy some 50-cent stamps.答案:我需要买一些50美分的邮票。

66、This TV channel has too many commercials.答案:这个电视台频道广告太多了。

67、Why, do you want me to change the channel? 答案:怎么了,你要我换个频道吗? 68、I came here at least once a month.答案:我一个月至少来这里一次。69、I think the picture shows us how fruits is necessary to life.答案:我想这幅图是告诉我们水果是生活中不可缺的。70、I don't want to spend five dollars on a cup of water.答案:我不想花五美元买一瓶水。

71、When I was young, I'd listen to the radio, waiting for my favorite songs.答案:当我还是个小孩的时候,我常听收音机,等待我最喜欢的歌。

72、I'm certain he'll go to see the film, because he's bought a ticket.答案:我肯定他会去看电影的,因为他把票都买好了。73、He has been learning English for years.答案:多年来,他一直在学英语。

74、He had to leave early yesterday.答案:昨天他不得不早些离开。75、He stopped to smoke.答案:他停下来,开始吸烟。

76、I came back because of the rain.答案:因为下雨我就回来了。

77、The earth on which we live is shaped like a ball.答案:我们居住的地球,形状像一个大球。78、We should make best use of time.答案:我们要充分利用时间。

79、Can you express yourself clearly in English? 答案:你能用英语清楚地表达自己的意思吗?

80、I'll try not to take up too much of your time.答案:我尽量不占用你太多的时间。81、We are short of time and money.答案:我资金和时间都缺。

82、It's never too late to learn.答案:活到老,学到老。

83、Try hard or you'll fail the test.答案:努力地,否则你考试及不了格。84、He lives in a small room with only one small window.答案:他住在一间只有一个小窗户的小房间里。88、The plane took off very smoothly.答案:飞机很平稳地起飞了。

89、They sold the old house yesterday.答案:昨天他们把那旧房子卖了。90、I prefer tea to coffee.答案:我宁可要茶,不要咖啡。

91、The doctor said there was nothing wrong with his eyes.答案:医生说他的眼睛没有毛病。

92、Nothing in the world moves faster than light.答案:世界上没有什么东西比光走得更快。

93、He doesn't know what life means to him.答案:他不知道人生的意义。

94、The more money I make, the happier I will be.答案:赚的钱越多,我就会越快乐。

95、Could you tell me where the post office is? 答案:请问邮局在哪里?

96、Fires may do more damage than the earthquakes.答案:火所造成的损失可能比地震还严重。

97、I was too excited to say a word in front of him.答案:我当时太兴奋了,以至于在他面前什么也说不出来了。98、When she left school, she went first to Britain.答案:在她离开学校后,她一开始去的是英国。

99、But competitive swimming is just over one hundred years old.答案:但游泳比赛不过只有一百余年的历史。100、Everyone was in bed except me.答案:除了我,所有人都上床睡觉了。

101、He was satisfied with his new car, and drove to work in it the very next day.答案:他对自己的新车感到很满意,第二天就开着去上班了。

102、I'll write to you as soon as I get there.答案:我一到那儿就给你写信。

103、I'm going to visit a friend of mine this Sunday.答案:本星期天,我要去拜访一位朋友。

110、Various substances differ widely in their magnetic(磁性的)characteristics.答案:各种材料的磁性有很大的不同。

111、In an age of plenty, we feel spiritual hunger.答案:在这个物质财富充裕的时代,我们感到精神上的饥渴。112、I was having a nap when suddenly the telephone rang.答案:我在睡觉时,电话铃突然响了。113、All that glitters is not gold.答案:闪光的未必都是金子。

114、Transistors are small in size and light in weight.答案:晶体管的体积小、重量轻。

115、John and his brother differ in personality even if their differences in age are not significant.答案:尽管约翰和他哥哥在年纪上相差不大,但他们的个性却不相同。

116、As is known to all, China is a developing country.答案:众所周知,中国是一个发展中国家。

第三篇:电大英语网考题库之一

cihui与jiegouchongci题

1、Professor Smith promised to look _______my paper, that is, to read it carefully before the defence.A:afterB:overC:onD:into答案:B

2、Our house is about a mile from the railway station and there are not many houses _______.A:in betweenB:far apartC:among themD:from each other答案:A

3、As the bus came round the corner, it ran ______ a big tree by the roadside.A:intoB:onC:overD:up答案:A

4、On average, a successful lawyer has to talk to several _______ a day.A:customersB:supportersC:guestsD:clients答案:D

5、What is the train ______ to Birmingham? A:feeB:tipC:fareD:cost答案:C

6、The students were all entertained in a Mexican restaurant, at Professor Brian's ______.A:moneyB:payC:expenseD:loss答案:C

7、Tom, what did you do with my documents? I have never seen such a _____ and disorder!A:massB:messC:guessD:bus答案:B

8、If she wants to stay thin, she must make a _____ in her diet.A:changeB:turnC:runD:go答案:A

9、______ the War of Independence, the United States was an English colony.A:BeforeB:AtC:InD:Between答案:A

10、You shouldn't _______ your time like that, Bob;you have to finish your school work tonight.A:cutB:doC:killD:kick答案:C

11、When Lily came home at 5 p.m.yesterday, her mother _______ dinner in the kitchen.A:cookedB:was cookingC:cooksD:has cooked答案:B

12、Did you notice the guy ______ head looked like a big potato? A:whoB:whichC:whoseD:whom答案:C

13、Both the kids and their parents ______ English, I think.I know it from their accent.A:isB:beenC:areD:was答案:C

14、Never before _______ see such a terrible car accident on the road!A:I haveB:have IC:I didD:did I答案:D

15、John's father ______ mathematics in this school ever since he graduated from Harvard University.A:taughtB:teachesC:has taughtD:is teaching答案:C

16、Every year thousands of lives _______ in road accidents because of careless driving.A:loseB:lostC:have lostD:are lost答案:D

17、The young lady coming over to us _____ our English teacher;the way she walks tells us that!A:must beB:can beC:would beD:could be答案:A

18、Had you come five minutes earlier, you ______ the train to Birmingham.But now you missed it.A:would catchB:would have caughtC:could catchD:should catch答案:B

19、Eggs, though rich in nourishments, have ______ of fat.A:a large numberB:the large numberC:a large amountD:the large amount答案:C

20、No matter _____, the little sisters managed to round the sheep up and drive them back home safely.A:it was snowing hardB:hard it was snowingC:how it was snowing hardD:how hard it was snowingD

21、I don't know the park, but it's______ to be quite beautiful.A:saidB:toldC:spokenD:talked答案:A

22、Mike is better than Peter ____ swimming.

A:forB:atC:onD:about答案:B

23、The baby is hungry,but there's ____ milk in the bottle.

A:littleB:a littleC:fewD:a few答案:A

24、Nancy is _______ girl.A:a eighteen-year-oldB:an eighteen-years-oldC:a eighteen-years-oldD:an eighteen-year-old答案:D

25、Harry, who had failed in the final exam, had a great worry________ his mind.A:onB:toC:withD:at答案:A

26、Do you know the man ______under the apple tree? A:layB:lainC:lyingD:laying答案:C

27、-Is the library ____ now?

-No,it's____.A:open;closeB:opening; closingC:open;closedD:opened; closed答案:C

28、-When shall we meet again?

-_____it any day you like.It's all the same to me.A:DoB:GetC:MeetD:Make答案:D

29、____ girl dressed _____ black is her sister Rose.

A:A;inB:A;onC:The;onD:The;in答案:D

30、Although he did not know London well, he made his way________ to the airport.A:easy enoughB:enoughC:easily enoughD:enough easily答案:C

31、Two thousand dollars ______ enough for the car.A:beingB:wereC:areD:is答案:D

32、They have learned about _______ in recent years.A:several hundreds English words

B:hundreds of English wordsC:hundred of English wordsD:several hundred English word答案:B

33、With his work completed, the manager stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased ________he was a man of action.A:whichB:thatC:whatD:whether答案:B

34、-_____?

-She's our history teacher.A:Where is she fromB:Where does the woman workC:Who is sheD:How is the woman答案:C

35、Today's weather is ____ worse than yesterday's.A:veryB:muchC:very muchD:much too答案:B

36、It is said that______ boys in your school like playing football in their spare time, though others prefer basketball.A:very littleB:quite a fewC:quite a bitD:quite a little答案:B

37、-What's his mother like?(辅导老师翻译:他的妈妈什么样子?)I think John and Peter will.A:carry outB:get throughC:take inD:set aside答案:A

85、Before the final examination, some students have shown _________ of tension.They even have trouble in sleeping.A:anxietyB:marksC:signsD:remarks答案:C

86、The problem is not _________ so easy as you think.It's far from being settled.A:hardlyB:almostC:nearlyD:scarcely答案:C

87、-It's time to tidy your room, Harry!

-See the tidy room, Mum!_________ is where it should be.A:SomethingB:AnythingC:EverythingD:Nothing答案:C

88、-What will you buy for your boyfriend's birthday?Yes.I really didn't think he ____ here.A:has beenB:had beenC:would beD:would have been答案:C

92、Children under fifteen are not permitted to see such kind of movies _____ bad for their mental development.A:that isB:that areC:as isD:as are答案:C

93、-Nancy was badly injured in the accident yesterday and she was sent to hospital.Do I have to take it? It ________ so terrible.A:is tastingB:is tastedC:tastesD:has tasted答案:C

95、The young __________ eaten up almost everything on the table.A:isB:areC:hasD:have答案:D 96、Important ___ his discovery was, it was regarded as a matter of no account in his time.A:whenB:untilC:asD:although答案:C 97、-Why does he look sad?________.Even Harry ______ to the top students failed in it.A:Yes;belongsB:No;belongedC:Yes;belongingD:No;belonging答案:C

99、-Hi, Jane.Would you like to go to the ball this evening?-Sorry, Frank.____ tomorrow's lessons, I have no time to go out with you.A:Not preparingB:Not having preparedC:Not to prepareD:Being not prepared答案:B

100、Two days is not enough for him to finish the work.He needs _______ day.A:otherB:the otherC:the thirdD:a third答案:D

第四篇:电大考试题

简答1.简述学前儿童眼睛特点和用眼卫生。

特点:5岁前有生理性远视;晶状体弹性大,调节能力强;对环境敏感。

用眼卫生:(1)要预防近视,创造支持性环境保护学前儿童视力,教育学前儿童养成良好的用眼习惯。(2)要预防眼部疾患。(3)定期给学前儿童测查视力,及时矫治。(4)要早发现眼部异常。发现特殊时,提醒家长及时到医院检查治疗。

简答2.简述学前儿童的用耳卫生。

谨慎挖耳;预防中耳炎;保护听力;发展学前儿童的听力。

3.简述学前儿童呼吸系统的卫生保健措施。

戒除用口呼吸,使之养成用鼻呼吸的好习惯;禁止用手挖鼻;正确地擤鼻涕;遮挡着打喷嚏;保护声带;严防呼吸道异物;多在空气新鲜处进行活动、锻炼。

简答3.简述学前儿童呼吸系统的卫生保健措施。

(1)

戒除用口呼吸,使之养成用鼻呼吸的好习惯。用口呼吸是一种不良习惯。首先,它使尘粒、细菌等可不经过呼吸系统的第一道屏障而长驱直入,久之会造成呼吸系统和消化系统的疾病。其次,用口呼吸导致呼吸浅,肺部扩张不全,影响胸廓发育,形成漏斗胸。再次,用户口呼吸使睡眠不安稳,影响精力和体力恢复。最后,用口呼吸会在吃饭时忙着喘气,造成“囫囵吞枣”,导致消化不良。

(2)禁止用手挖鼻。用手挖鼻孔是一种坏习惯,它能使鼻毛脱落,黏膜损伤,血管破裂引起出血。还会导致鼻腔感染,严重者细菌可经面部血管回流颅脑内,引起危险的并发症。除此之外,长期用手挖鼻孔,可使鼻孔变大,形成“朝天鼻”。

(3)正确地擤鼻涕。正确的方法是:用手轻轻捂住一侧鼻孔,将另一侧的鼻涕擤出,然后用同样的方法擤另一侧。擤鼻涕不要太用力,如果擤时太吃力,可先点一些黄麻素药水。

(4)遮挡着打喷嚏。打喷嚏的正确做法是:用手帕或纸巾轻遮口鼻打喷嚏,如果一时找不到遮挡物,也可用手代替,之后立即洗手。千万不能向别人打喷嚏,也不能憋喷嚏。

(5)保护声带。要鼓励学前儿童用自然、优美的声音唱歌、说话,避免扯着嗓子喊叫。学前儿童唱歌的场所要空气清新,避免尘土飞扬,温度、湿度要合适。得了伤风感冒要少说话、多喝水。避免学前儿童在温度骤变的情况下练习发声。

(6)严防呼吸道异物。培养学前儿童安静进餐的习惯,不能边吃饭边说笑,更不能在吃饭时打闹。教育学前儿童不要边玩边吃小食品。不能让学前儿童玩玻璃球、纽扣、豆子等小物件,以免他们把这些小物件放入鼻孔。

(7)多在空气新鲜处进行活动、锻炼。清新的空气能使学前儿童精神饱满、心情愉快,乐于活动和锻炼。经常锻炼还可促进学前儿童肺和胸廓的发育,使其肺活量加大,呼吸由浅而快逐渐变为深和慢。

简答4.如何保护学前儿童的嗓音?

为了保护学前儿童的嗓音,要做到:鼓励学前儿童用自然、优美的声音唱歌、说话,避免扯着嗓子喊叫;为学前儿童选择音域窄、节律简单、音程跳动小的歌曲,每次练习时,时间控制在4-5分钟以内。学前儿童唱歌的场所空气要清新,避免尘土飞扬,温度、湿度要合适;避免学前儿童在温度骤变的情况下练习发声。

简答5.学前儿童的睡眠有何重要意义?

睡眠可以使儿童体力和精力得到恢复。睡眠有利于儿童体格生长。睡眠能促进大脑的发育。

论述1.学前儿童皮肤有什么特点?如何做好学前儿童皮肤的卫生保健工作?

特点:皮肤保护机能差,调节体温能力弱,吸收力和渗透力强。

卫生保健:1.皮肤要保持清洁培养学前儿童常洗澡,勤换内衣,勤剪指甲的好习惯。2.着装要讲究。3.适应力要提升,充分利用自然界的三件宝——空气日光和水,提升学前儿童的适应力,常组织学前儿童到室外活动,不要让学前儿童穿得过多,捂得过严,要充分利用冷空气进行锻炼,坚持冷水洗脸。4.皮肤的轻伤不能忽视。5.洗涤和护肤品要选择得当。6.预防第一。

论述2.学前儿童呼吸系统有什么特点?如何做好学前儿童呼吸系统的卫生保健工作?

学前儿童呼吸系统的特点是:

(1)鼻腔狭窄易阻塞,一旦感染会波及其它。鼻腔感染会引起鼻黏膜充血、肿胀。分泌物增多,造成鼻腔阻塞,呼吸困难。

(2)喉腔狭窄,易致呼吸困难。喉腔一旦感染,会因黏膜肿胀而影响到呼吸。

(3)声带不够坚韧。学前儿童声带不够坚韧,易充血、肿胀变厚,造成声音嘶哑。

(4)气管易感染。学前儿童的气管、支气管管腔狭小,管壁柔软,缺乏弹性组织,分泌黏液少,纤毛运动能力差,因而非常容易感染。

(5)肺泡数量少、容量小。学前儿童肺的弹力组织发育较差,间质发育旺盛,血管丰富。

(6)呼吸肌不发达,呼吸时胸廓运动差;呼吸浅而快(肺活量比成人小,耗氧量与成人差不多。

学前儿童呼吸系统卫生保健:

(1)戒除用口呼吸,使之养成用鼻呼吸的好习惯。用口呼吸是一种不良习惯。首先,它使尘粒、细菌等可不经过呼吸系统的第一道屏障而长驱直入,久之会造成呼吸系统和消化系统的疾病。其次,用口呼吸导致呼吸浅,肺部扩张不全,影响胸廓发育,形成漏斗胸。再次,用户口呼吸使睡眠不安稳,影响精力和体力恢复。最后,用口呼吸会在吃饭时忙着喘气,造成“囫囵吞枣”,导致消化不良。

(2)禁止用手挖鼻。用手挖鼻孔是一种坏习惯,它能使鼻毛脱落,黏膜损伤,血管破裂引起出血。还会导致鼻腔感染,严重者细菌可经面部血管回流颅脑内,引起危险的并发症。除此之外,长期用手挖鼻孔,可使鼻孔变大,形成“朝天鼻”。

(3)正确地擤鼻涕。正确的方法是:用手轻轻捂住一侧鼻孔,将另一侧的鼻涕擤出,然后用同样的方法擤另一侧。擤鼻涕不要太用力,如果擤时太吃力,可先点一些黄麻素药水。

(4)遮挡着打喷嚏。打喷嚏的正确做法是:用手帕或纸巾轻遮口鼻打喷嚏,如果一时找不到遮挡物,也可用手代替,之后立即洗手。千万不能向别人打喷嚏,也不能憋喷嚏。

(5)保护声带。要鼓励学前儿童用自然、优美的声音唱歌、说话,避免扯着嗓子喊叫。学前儿童唱歌的场所要空气清新,避免尘土飞扬,温度、湿度要合适。得了伤风感冒要少说话、多喝水。避免学前儿童在温度骤变的情况下练习发声。

(6)严防呼吸道异物。培养学前儿童安静进餐的习惯,不能边吃饭边说笑,更不能在吃饭时打闹。教育学前儿童不要边玩边吃小食品。不能让学前儿童玩玻璃球、纽扣、豆子等小物件,以免他们把这些小物件放入鼻孔。

(7)多在空气新鲜处进行活动、锻炼。清新的空气能使学前儿童精神饱满、心情愉快,乐于活动和锻炼。经常锻炼还可促进学前儿童肺和胸廓的发育,使其肺活量加大,呼吸由浅而快逐渐变为深和慢。

论述3.学前儿童神经系统有何特点?如何做好学前儿童神经系统的卫生保健工作?

学前儿童神经系统的特点:

(一)脑量增长迅速

(二)中枢神经系统的发育顺序——先皮下,后皮质

(三)高级神经活动的特点

1、兴奋过程占优势

2、条件反射建立少

3、第一信号系统发育早于第二信号系统

(四)脑细胞的耗氧量大

(五)可利用的能量来源单一

学前儿童节神经系统的保育要点:

(一)注意用脑卫生

(二)保证充足的睡眠

(三)保持室内空气新鲜

(四)合理营养

(五)经常参加体育锻炼

论述4学前儿童运动系统有何特点?如何做好学前儿童运动系统的卫生保健工作?

学前儿童运动系统的特点是:柔韧性大而硬度低,不易发生骨折;学前儿童的骨不断生长;脊柱易弯曲;随着骨的生长发育,某些原来分离的骨,逐渐愈合;腕骨的骨化情况可判断骨骼的发育年龄;足弓易塌陷;关节灵活;骨骼肌易疲劳。

做好学前儿童运动系统的卫生保健工作包括:

(1)培养学前儿童坐、立、行等正确的姿势。坐着时,身体挺直,不耸肩,躯干与大腿垂直,两小腿与地面垂直或向前伸,两脚平放地面,使膝关节后面的肌肉、血管、神经不受压迫,这种坐姿使人感到舒适而又不易产生疲劳。站立时,身体正,腿不弯,两肩在同一水平上自然下垂,抬头,挺胸,两眼向前平视,腹部微内收,两脚稍稍分开约两拳的距离,脚尖微向外斜,把身体重量落在两脚的脚跟和外缘上。行走时,为了维护身体的左右平衡,上身要保持端正的姿势,当右脚向前迈步时,左手同时向前摆动,身体重心向前移;当左脚向前迈步时,右手同时向前摆动,身体重心又向前移,如此反复;两脚脚尖应该指向前方,不要向里勾或向外撇。

(2)要合理安排体育锻炼。体育锻炼可以促进全身的新陈代谢,加速血液循环,使骨骼和肌肉得到更多的营养。学前儿童参加体育锻炼不仅能使其肌纤维变粗,肌肉重量增加;而且还能促进骨骼的生长发育,加速骨的钙化,使骨质更加粗壮结实;同时还可促进韧带发育,增加关节的牢固性和灵活性。在组织学前儿童锻炼时,一定要合理安排锻炼的内容、锻炼持续的时间及运动强度。

(3)提供充足的营养。学前儿童的骨骼和肌肉正处在不断生长、发育的过程中,充足的营养是它们生长发育的基础,如钙、维生素D能促进骨的钙化,蛋白质能促进肌肉的发育等。因此,要供给学前儿童充足的营养,以保证学前儿童正常的发育。

(4)护好手和足。学前儿童腕部骨骼尚未骨化完成,这决定了其腕部力气不大;手部、腕部小肌肉群活动能力较差,难以完成精细动作。因此,不宜让学前儿童拎重物,不宜让学前儿童进行长时间的写字、绘画练习,给学前儿童提供的玩具不能过重。

为了保护和促进学前儿童足弓的正常发育,应给他们提供宽松、合适的鞋子,并且以软底为宜,可以适当让学前儿童光脚在沙坑或鹅卵石上行走或玩耍,以免形成扁平足。

(5)预防意外事故。不要牵拉肘,悠圈子,防止脱臼和伤孩子筋骨。当肘部处于伸直位置时,若被猛烈牵拉,就可造成牵拉肘。这种现象的出现常常是因为大人带着孩子上楼梯、过马路或帮孩子穿脱衣袖时,用力拉扯小孩的手臂造成的。有的大人逗孩子玩时,抓住小孩的两手,使孩子全身离地,一圈一圈地悠着玩,这种玩法易伤孩子的筋骨,应禁止。

(6)着装应宽松适度。学前儿童不宜穿过于紧身的衣服,以免影响血液循环进而影响骨骼、肌肉的发育;也不能穿过于肥大的衣服,以免在运动中造成意外伤害。

01.如何理解身体各系统的生长发育不平衡?

1.神经系统率先发育2.淋巴系统前十年快速发育3.生殖系统在第二生长高峰期快速发育4.其他各器官或系统呈波浪式发育

02.儿童生长发育的一般规律是什么?

1.生长发育的阶段性生长发育是一个连续过程,由不同的发育阶段组成。根据这些阶段特点,加上生活、学习环境的不同,可将儿童少年的生长发育过程划分成几个年龄期;婴儿期、幼儿期、童年期、青春期和青年期。

2.生长发育的程序性:生长发育有一定程序,各阶段间顺序衔接。前一阶段的发育为后一阶段奠定必要基础;任何阶段的发育出现障碍,都将对后一阶段产生不良影响。胎儿和婴幼儿期发育遵循“头尾发展律“.从生长速度看,胎儿期头颅生长最快,婴儿期躯干增长最快,2~6岁期间下肢增长幅度超过头颅和躯干。

因此,儿童的身体比例不断变化,由胎儿2个月时特大的头颅(占全身4/8)、较长的躯干(3/8)、短小的下肢(1/8)发展到6岁时较为匀称的比例(头占l/8强,躯于占4/8弱,下肢占3/8)。从动作发育看,儿童会走路前必须先经过抬头、转头、翻身、直坐、爬行、站立等发育阶段。手部动作发育的规律性更明显,新生儿只会上肢无意识乱动;4~5个月开始有取物动作,但只能全手一把抓;10个月时才会用手指拿东西;2岁左右手的动作更准确,会用勺子吃饭;手部精细动作(如写字、画图等)要到6~7岁左右才基本发育完善。儿童期、青春期发育遵循“向心律“.身体各部的形态发育顺序是:下肢先于上肢,四肢早于躯干,呈现自下而上,自肢体远端向中心躯干的规律性变化。青春期足的生长突增最早开始,也最早停止生长;足突增后小腿开始突增,然后是大腿、骨盆宽、胸宽、肩宽、躯于高,最后是胸壁厚度。上肢突增的顺序依次为手、前臂和上臂。手的骨骺愈合也由远及近,顺序表现为指骨末端一中端一近端,掌骨一腕骨一桡骨、尺骨近端。生长发育速度的不均衡性整个生长期内个体的生长速度有时快,有时慢,是不均衡的。因此,生长发育速度曲线呈波浪式。从胎儿到成人,先后出现两次生长突增高峰:第一次从胎儿4个月至出生后l年;第二次发生在青春发育早期,女孩比男孩早两年左右。身长在胎儿4~6月增长约27.5cm,占新生儿身长的一半左右,是一生中生长最快的阶段;体重在胎儿7~9月增长约2.3kg,占正常新生儿体重的2/3以上,也是一生中增长最快的阶段。出生后增长速度开始减慢,但生后第一年中身长增长20~25cm,约为出生时的40%~50%;体重增长6~7kg,约为出生时的2倍。

03.举例说明影响生长发育的因素有哪些?

(一)

遗传因素

科学家对50对在一起抚养长大的同卵双胞胎和50对在一起抚养长大的异卵双胞胎的调查表明,前者两成员之间身高的平均差别只有1.7厘米,而后者的平均差别达4.4厘米。同卵双胞胎来自同一个受精卵,他们的遗传基础是完全一样的。

(二)种族差别

非洲的卢旺达和布隆迪两个国家,都有生活在同一地区的两个部族;巴特瓦人和巴图齐人。前者平均身高仅有1.3米,而后者却高达2米。南美哥伦比亚北部大森林中的“尤卡”人,身高都在一米以下。

(三)父母身高

(四)营养水平

缅甸塔隆山区的居民,其祖先是在公元5世纪以前从平原地区迁到那里去的。由于山区生活艰苦,缺少营养,现在身高只有一米左右。这都与营养水平有关系。

(五)激素分泌

生长激素、甲状腺素和性激素的分泌是否正常,都能影响人的高矮。过去在血吸虫病流行地区,有很多身高低于一米三的侏儒症患者,是由于脑垂体分泌的生长激素不足引起的,故称垂体性侏儒。

(六)体育锻炼

同年龄、同性别的青少年,经常参加体育锻炼的比不参加锻炼的身材要高四至十厘米。体育锻炼有利于骨骼增长;加快血液循环使骨骼得到更充足的营养;运动产生的机械力对骨骼中钙的沉积有良好作用。

(七)微量元素

钙、磷、锌等不足,都会影响身体发育。人骨中含的钙,占全身总钙量的99%。缺乏钙和磷,骨骼就不能正常生长,骨质也不坚固,易发生“鸡胸”和“罗圈腿”畸形。缺锌的儿童食欲不振,身高和体重都不及其他同年龄的正常儿童。补充锌(如口服硫酸锌)后会有明显改善。

(八)性成熟期

不论男女,性成熟期较晚的,身材一般较高;性成熟期早的,由较早停止生长,身材较矮。

(9)阳光照射

佝偻病是由于缺乏维生素D所致。维生素D是在皮肤内制造的,制造过程离不开阳光的照射。常晒太阳,使体内有足够的维生素D,这对于胃肠道对钙、磷的吸收和应用,保证骨骼的正常生长,极为重要

04..如何理解“儿童生长发育包括生理、心理两个方面”?

学前儿童的生理和心理的发展是统一的,二者联系密切,互相影响,相辅相成。

(1)儿童的生理不适应可影响心理儿童的疲倦或饥饿是由于生理上不适应而产生的,转而可影响情绪。如果儿童不吃早餐到幼儿园,由于饥饿,精神不能集中,或易发脾气。若教师上课采用多种方法,组织教学和活动,可以使儿童情绪饱满,精神愉快,从而减少疲倦感。

(2)儿童的情绪可以影响生理功能如儿童进餐时精神不愉快,或受到斥责,处罚,吃饭时哭泣等均可影响消化和吸收功能。

(3)儿童生理的缺陷可引起心理不正常如斜视的儿童不及时纠正,又常受到同伴或他人的讥笑,就会引起儿童的自卑感;耳聋的孩子可以造成发育障碍或发音不正确;常受斥责的孩子,说话时犹豫不决,养成口吃的习惯。

(4)精神影响身体的外形情绪一贯正常的孩子,精神愉快,经常是挺胸、抬头,坐、立、行走的姿态正确,动作敏捷。长期情绪受压抑的孩子精神不振,注意力不易集中,不爱活动,以致外形出现病态,如站不直,弯腰,驼背,行动迟缓。

(5)精神食粮和物质食粮同样重要生理方面食物不足或不平衡能影响儿童的身体发育,但是过量的饮食又会造成消化不良或肥胖症。心理方面也是如此,从小得不到母爱的孩子,多半孤僻;父母和家人过分溺爱的孩子,一切随心所欲,很容易养成唯我独尊、唯我正确和无组织无纪律的习惯。学前教育工作者要十分注意儿童生长发育中生理和心理两方面的影响,要使二者统一协调发展。

05.什么是生长管道现象?

生长发育的管道现象

个体儿童身高、上下体比例、坐高

等形态发育和功能发育似有一定的追求

目标,在发育过程中虽有波动,但波动

在一定幅度内,一般不超过一个等级,这种现象叫作生长的管道现象。

第五篇:电大英语网考汉译英1

1这部电梯的价钱比预计的要稍高些.The cost of the lift is somewhat higher than estimated.2尽管我学习英语已多年,我还是不能与外国人交流.Though I have been learning english for many years , I still cannot communicate with foreigners.3由于2008年的奥运会,北京发生了重大变化.

Due to 2008 Olympic Games, there have been great changes in Beijing.4妈妈抱怨约翰每天花太多时间看电视.

Mother complained that John spent too much time on TV every day.5很多年轻人来到北京以实现他们的理想.Many young people come to Beijing to full fill their dreams.6他是唯一有资格担任这一职务的人.He is the only person who is qualified for the post.7只要尽我们所能,我们就一定能实现目标.As long as we try, we can certainly achieve our.8如果恶劣天气持续的话,将会出现更严重的交通问题.If the bad weather continues ,there will be more serious problems in transportation.9昨天我去拜访他,看看他是否能解决这个问题. I visited him yesterday to see if he could work out.10他不但兵浜球打得好,而且钢琴弹得好.

He can not only play Ping-Pong well, but also play the piano well.11他们的研究主要集中在成人的学习习惯和学习技能上.

Their research focuses mainly on the learning habits of adults and learning skills.12老师告诉我们这项工作必须在圣诞节前完成.

The boss told us that the work must be finished before Christmas.13如果他早上8点出发,现在应该到那里了.

If he started at 8 o'clock in the morning, he would have been there by now.14他提议成立一个项目组来解决物业上涨的问题.

He put forward a proposal of setting up a project team to handle the rising prices.15由于他的帮助,我英语萘考试终于通过.

Thanks go his help, I finally passed the end-of-term English exam.16在治疗期间,这个病人应该与其他人隔离开.

This patient should be isolated from others during the treatment.17教育将给你提供更多就业机会.

Education will provide you with more job opportunities.18由于受过专门训练,她打字又快又准确.

Having received special training, she types quickly and accurately.19研究表明,人们越来越关心生活的质量.

Studies show that people are have become more and more concerned with the quality of life.20由于药品短缺,病人无法得到及时治疗.

Patients cannot be treated timely treatment because of a shortage of medicine.21校长在上周举行的会议上做了关于网络教育的重要报告.

The president made and important report on online education at the meeting held last week.22这所小学平均每班有45人

On average, there are 45 students in each class of this primany school.23我全神惯注在看书,没有听见你在敲门.

I was so involved in my bood that I didn't hear you knock on the door.24科学研究证明,鱼含有丰富的维生素.

Scientific research has shown that fish contains rich vitamins.25他刚工作的时候,每到月底钱就用光了.

When he first started work, he usually ran out of money at the end of the month.26我们总是愿意帮助处在困境中的朋友.

We are alwanys willing to help our friends in trouble.27我们小的时候,对周围世界充满了好奇.

When we were young, we were curious about everything around us.28那是我去过的最好的音乐会之一.

It's one of the best concerts I have never been to.29他和我都有不知道为什么经理昨天没有来上班.

Neither she nor I know why the manager didn't come to work yesterday.30如果图书馆的书放错了位置,读者不可能找到他们所要的书.

Readers can not find the books they want in a library is the books are kept in a wrong place.“/”代表两种答案都行,看你自己觉得背哪个合适.但是只能选一种.

1不采用新技术,就不能大幅度增加产量.

Without adopting new technology,there will be no great in crease in production.2我们还没有找到一个代替他的人.

We have not get found anyone who can replace him.3按照他的建议,手续已经大大简化

In accordance with his proposal, the procedure has been grently simplified.4你不得不承认他的表现接近于完美

You have to agree that his performance is almost perfect / has come close to perfection.5大多数人相信因特网的益处多于问题.

Most people believe that the Internet 's benefits out weigh its problems.6有了他的帮助,我们就没有其他什么可担心的了. With his help, we have nothing else to worry about.7他的实验充分显示了这项新技术的优势

His experiment has fully demonstrated the advantages of this new technology.8他考试作弊导致他没有取得学位

His cheating in the exams led to his failure to get a degree.9对付困难的良策是不要对困难胆怯

The best way to overcome difficulties is not to be afraid of them.10他很后悔没有把握住那次出国深造的机会.

He regretted that he failed to take advantage of the opportunity to go abroad to study.11传统上,中国青年在长大成家之前一直与父母同住

Traditionally,Chinese Youths live with their parents until they grow up and marry.12他们的研究主要集中在成人的学习习惯和学习技能上.

Their research focuses mainly on the learning habits of adults and learning skills.13女性职员占这个公司的三分之一. The woman / female clerks / staff make up one-third of the company.14因为他没有遵守安全规则,出了事故.

His failure to observe by the safety regulations results in an accident.15这就是我不愿意加入这个足球队的原因

That is the reason why I don't want to join the football team.16在许多国家,英语是医疗卫生,电子和空间技术领域的工作语言.

In many countries,English is the working language of medicine, electronics, and space technology.17你应该按医嘱去服这种药.

You should follow the doctor's instructions on how to take the medicine.18这首歌总让我想起在农村度过的学习生活

The song always reminds me of my school days in the countryside.19互联网使每个人在任何地方和任何时候接受教育成为可能.

The Internet makes it possible for everyone to receive education anywhere and anytime.20同学们经常聚在一起分享语言学习的机会.

Students often get together to share the experiences in lauguage learning.21他昨晚太兴奋了以致睡不着觉.

He was too excited to fall into sleep / fall asleep last night.

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