第一篇：英文作文文章的开头与结尾
英文作文文章的开头与结尾
一、英语作文的文章的正文
常见形式大致有以下几种： 1．开门见山，揭示主题
文章一开头，就交待清楚文章的主题是什么。如“How I Spent My Vacation”(我怎样度假)的开头是： I Spent my last vacation happily．
下面是题为“Honesty”(谈诚实)一文中的开头：
Honesty is one of the best virtues．An honest man is always trusted and respected．On the contrary, one who tells lies is regarded as a “liar”，and is looked upon by honest people． 2．交代人物、事情、时间或环境开头
在文章的开头，先把人物、事件和环境交待清楚。例如“A Trip to Jinshan”(去金山旅游)的开头：
The day before yesterday my class went on a bus trip to Jinshan.The bus ride there took three hours.The long trip made us very tired, but the sight of the beautiful sea refreshed us.3.回忆性的开头
用回忆的方法来开头。例如“A Trip to the Taishan Mountain”(泰山游)的开头是： I remember my first trip to the Taishan Mountain as if it were yesterday.4．概括性的开头
即对要在文章中叙述的人或事先作一个概括性的介绍。如“The Happiness of Reading Books”(读书的快乐)的开头：
People often say that gold and silver are the most valuable things in the world.But I say that to read books is more valuable than anything else, because books give us knowledge and knowledge gives us power.5．介绍环境式的开头
即开头利用自然景物或自然环境引出要介绍的事物。如“An Accident”(一场事故)的开头是: It was a rainy and windy morning.The sky was gloomy, the temperature was low, and the street was nearly empty.I was on my way back to school.Suddenly, a speeding car came round the corner.6．交待写作目的的开头。
在文章的一开头就交待写作目的，如通过文章要表扬谁，批评谁，或说明一个什么问题等。如 “Pollution Control”(控制污染)的开头：
In this article I shall draw your attention to the subject of pollution control.二、英语作文的文章的正文
文章的正文是由若干段落组成的，段落通常由几个或者更多的句子组成，有时候一个句子也能成段。
文章的正文应以文章的开头为线索，具体地叙述、说明或论证文章的主题。文章不论长短，每个段落都必须为主题服务。像说明文和议论文这一类的文章，一个主题还常分成几个小主题，每个小主题要用一个段落处理，另起一段时，应是一层新的意思。每一段的开头，要放一个表示段落小主题的主题句，这样可使文章条理化，易于阅读，便于读者抓住主题。段内的所有句子应围绕主题句的意义加以阐述或论证，为中心思想服务。句子之间应衔结自然，有条不紊，而且还要合乎逻辑，段落中不能出现任何与主题无关的句子；英语写作比较重视主题句的作用，缺少它段落意义就会含糊不清。主题句也可放在段落的中间和末尾等部位，但对初学者来说，以放在段首为好。见下列这篇题为“How to Be a Good Student”(怎样英文文章的开头与结尾
After her death, I felt as if something were missing in my life.I was sad over her passing away, but I knew she would not have had any regrets at having given her life for the benefit of the people.2．重复主题句
结尾回到文章开头阐明的中心思想或主题句上，达到强调的效果。如“I Love My Home Town”(我爱家乡)的结尾：
I love my home town, and I love its people.They too have changed.They are going all out to do more for the good of our motherland.3.自然结尾
随着文章的结束，文章自然而然地结尾。如“Fishing”(钓鱼)的结尾：
I caught as many as twenty fish in two hours, but my brother caught many more.Tired from fishing, we lay down on the river bank, bathing in the sun.We returned home very late.4．含蓄性的结尾
用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接点明作者的看法，而是让读者自己去领会和思考。如“A Day of Harvesting”(收割的日子)的结尾：
Evening came before we realized it.We put down our sickles and looked at each other.Our clothes were wet with sweat, but on every face there was a smile.5．用反问结尾
虽然形式是问句，但意义却是肯定的，并具有特别的强调作用，引起读者深思。如 “Should We Learn to Do Housework?”(我们要不要学做家务?)的结尾。
Everyone should learn to do housework.Don't you agree, boys and girls? 6．指明方向，激励读者
结尾表示对将来的展望，或期待读者投入行动。如“Let's Go in for Sports”(让我们参加体育运动)的结尾：
As we have said above, sports can be of great value.They not only make people live happily but also help people to learn virtues and do their work bettter.A sound mind is in a sound body.Let's go in for sports.文章的结尾没有一定的模式，可以根据表达主题的需要灵活创造。一般的习惯是，一些记叙文和描写文经常采用自然结尾的方法；但说理性和逻辑性较强的说明文和议论文则往往都有结束语，以便使文章首尾呼应，结构完整
英文文章的开头与结尾
第二篇：作文文章开头结尾 理论
一、开头“三步走”、结尾“两句话”
很多考生会花很多时间思考独立写作的开头和结尾应该如何展开，但是，考场上可谓存进寸光阴，若将宝贵的考试时间浪费在这两部分的创作上，那么主 体段落的展开将会由于时间的紧迫而难以进行，所以，独立写作的开头和结尾应该是一个水到渠成，不需要花费思考时间的过程，这样，就可以大大节省时间来进行 主体段落的写作。
对于开头段，我建议大家可以采用万能的“三步走”策略。“三步走”，顾名思义，一般会有三个句子组成，这三步分别是“引题”、“正反”、“我认 为”。“引题”，即使用一句话引出话题，比如对于“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: The most important aspect of a job is the money a person earns.Use specific reasons and examples to s port your answer”这道题，我们可以这样引题：Nowadays, when it comes to what the most crucial aspect of a job is, people tend to share various opinions.第二步，“正反”即呈现关于这个话题正方和反方的观点，对于上面提到的这道题目，我们可以这样来写：While some people hold the idea that the amount of salaries is the most critical thing that a job can bring to us, others consider that there are several other significant aspects that can never be ignored.第三步，“我认为”即表明自己的观点，针对该题目，我们可以这样展开：As far as I am concerned, there are so many other essential aspects that a job can bring to us and it is extremely hard to decide which aspect is the most important one.其实“三步走”是一个将观点范围逐步缩小的过程，首先给出一个话题范围(引题)，然后呈现出两方阵营的观点(正反)，最后表明自己的观点是站在某 个阵营中抑或是独树一帜(我认为)。
对于结尾段，我建议大家采用“两句话”策略。第一句话，重申自己的观点。针对这道题目，我们可以这样来写：From what has been discussed above, we may confidently arrive at the conclusion that the money a person earns cannot be regarded as the most important aspect of a job.第二句话，对自己写过的观点进行一个罗列，比如：It largely depends on the individual’s condition, personality and values.“三步走”和“两句话”轻松帮助我们搞定了托福独立写作的开头和结尾，为我们节省了宝贵的时间来进行主体段落的展开。
第三篇：优秀英文作文开头结尾
Chapter One 文章开头句型
1-1 对立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法, 适用于有争议性的主题.(e.g)
[1].When asked about....., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that.......But I think/view a bit differently.[2].When it comes to...., some people bielive that.......Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true.There is probably some truth in both arguements/statements , but(I tend to the former/latter...)
[3].Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that....They claim/ believe/argue that...But I wonder/doubt whether.....[4].Some people think…,while others claim…Both sides have their merits/advantages.1-2 现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论.e.g
[1].Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of)...has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern/been in the limelight.[2].Recently the issue of/ the problem of/the phenomenon of...has been brought into focus.(has been brouth to public attention)[3].Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality...is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.[4].The issue whether… has aroused a heated discussion/debate all over the country/world 1-3 观点法----开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.e.g:
[1].Never history has the change of..been as evident as...Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of..been more visible/popular than...[2].Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginnig/coming to realize/accept/(be aware)that...[3].Now there is a growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to......Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of......[4].Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.......[5]Options of...vary greatly , some..., others...But in my opinion ,.......1-4 引用法-----先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点!e.g:
[1].“Knowledge is power.” such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has beenshared by more and more people.“Education is not complete with graduation.” Such is the opnion of a great American philosopher.Now more and more people share his opnion.[2].“.........” How often we hear such statements/words like those /this.In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this “......”.1-5 比较法------通过对过去,现在 两种不同的倾向,观点的比较 , 引出文章要讨论的观点.e.g:
[1].For years,...had been viewed as...But people are taking a fresh look now.With the growing..., people........[2].People used to think that...(In the past,....)But people now share this new.[3].People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same
case./hold different attitudes towards the issue.[4].It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.1-6 故事法----先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣, 引出文章的主题.e.g:
[1].Once in(a newspaper), I read of/learnt....The phenemenon of...has aroused public concern.[2].I have a friend who...Should he....? Such a dilemma we are often confront with in our daily life.[3].Once upon a time , there lived a man who...This story may be(unbelievable), but it still has a realistic significance now.1-7 谚语式开头或问题式开头
Chapter Two 文章中间主体内容句型
原因结果分析
2-1-1.基本原因----分析某事物时, 用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因.e.g:
[1].Why...? For one thing..For another...[2].The answer to this problem invovles many factors./Three factors weigh heavily for…/Two major factors account for…For one thing...For another......Still another...[3].A number of factors , both physical and psychological affect..../both individual and social contribute to..../The factors that contribute to … include…
2-1-2 另一原因----在分析了基本原因之后, 再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用 e.g:
[1].Another important factor is....[2]....is also responsible for the change/problem.[3].Certainly , the...is not the sole reason for.....[4]…apart, there is still another reason…
2-1-3 后果影响----分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响.e.g:
[1].It will produce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on....[2].In involves some serious consequence for........比较对照句型
2-2-1.两者比较----比较两事物, 要说出其一超过另一个, 或肯定一事物的优点, 也肯定其缺点的时候用
e.g:
[1].The advantages gained from A are much greater than the advantages we gain from B.[2].Indeed, A carries much weight when compared with B.[3].There is no doubt that it has its negative effects as well as positive effects.2-2-2.两者相同/相似----比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点时用
e.g:
[1].A and B have several thing in common.They are similar in that...[2].A bears some striking resemblance(s)to B.Chapter Three 文章结尾形式
3-1 结论性----通过对文章前面的讨论 ,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点.e.g:
[1].From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that.....[2].In summary/In a word , it is more valuable.......3-2 后果性------揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果.e.g:
[1].We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenomenon of..., if allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the heavy cost of.......[2].Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to the problem , there is every chance that..will be put in danger.3-5 方向性的结尾方式----其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的, 大体的方向或者指明前景.e.g:
[1].Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough.The problem should be recognized in a wide way.[2].There is no quick method to the issue of.., but..might be helpful/benefical.[3].The great challenge today is......There is much difficulty , but........3-6 意义性的结尾方式----文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义
e.g:
[1].Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the pay off might be worth the effort.It will not only benefit but also benefit.....[2].In any case, whether it is positive or negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly..结尾万能公式
1． 结尾万能公式一：
如此结论
Obviously（此为过渡短语）, we can draw the conclusion that …
To sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus…
Thus, it can be concluded that…,Therefore, we can find that…
2． 结尾万能公式二：
如此建议
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.书信作文
书信作文开头段常用句型
1.I am writing to inform you of …
2.I am writing to express my views concerning…
3.I am writing to complain about…
4.I am very sorry to take up your precious time, but I am writing to express my views concerning…
书信作文中间段常用提建议句型
1.I would like to suggest that …/I would like to make a recommendation that …
2.May I suggest that …?
3.I believe that it is more than necessary for… to…
书信作文结尾段常用句型
1.Please take good consideration of my advice.2.I hope what I mentioned above will…
图表作文开头段常用引出总体（变化）趋势句型
1.As can be seen from the line/bar/chart/table that … increased/rose/grew dramatically from…
2.As is revealed/illustrated/shown/reflected /displayed in the chart, there is/was an increase/a rise/an upward trend of...3.It can be seen/concluded from the chart that …dropped/declined/fell/reduced slightly/sharply to …
4.The period … to … saw … increase/ drop in the number/
percentage of …
Waste Sorting
目前许多人扔垃圾时不分类；由次带来的问题；提倡垃圾分类的意义
On Volunteer
现在越来越多的人加入志愿者的队伍；志愿者的意义；我的看法
Self-help Traveling
越来越多大学生选择自助游，原因是。。；也会带来一些问题；你的看法
On the Lost Traditional Culture
许多传统文化正慢慢消失；传统文化消失的原因；我的看法
Student Investors in the Stock Market
目前越来越多的大学生炒股；人们对大学生炒股看法不一；我的看法
Sinology
近年来国学变得越来越流行；出现这种现象的原因；我对这种现象的看法
Information Security
信息安全问题日益受到重视；信息安全事故可能导致的危害；如何做到信息安全 Gap between the Rich and the Poor on Campus
大学生的贫富差距日益显现；由此可能带来的影响；我的看法
People Migrating to Another Country
近年来越来越多的人移居到国外；产生这种现象的原因；我的看法
Should College Students Hire Cleaners?
近来有些大学生聘请清洁工做打扫宿舍等事情；有人对这一做法表示赞成，有的人则反对；我认为…
第四篇：文章开头结尾训练
文章开头结尾的训练
【目标取向】
●认识开头在文章中的地位。
●掌握开头的基本原则。
●结合阅读积累、归纳开头的若干种方法。
●根据表达的需要，能自如地写出不同样式的开头。
●进入更高境界：能写好富有个性的开头。
【方法指导】
在会见陌生的客人之前，人们习惯上要打扮一下，目的是希望给人留下一个好印象。写文章也一样，文章的开头就是见面时的第一印象，因此，要花一些力气把开头写好，争取给读者留下一个好印象。
开头的基本原则：
1．开头简短有力
开头的句子或段落是文章当中较为特殊的一种层次。开头的作用一方面是引出本文的话题，另一方面要提起读者的阅读兴趣。这两个目的都要求文章的开头要简短有力，古人用“风头”来形容，是说要像凤凰的头那样漂亮、精神，短小而有吸引力，用三言两语就进入正题，不拖泥带水。有的同学可能因为担心作文的字数不够，想在开头多写一点凑数，于是东拉西扯的一大堆，后面应该突出的重点却草草了事，这不仅混淆了轻重主次的关系，还很容易使文章偏题离题。还有的同学喜欢这样开头：“看到XX这个题目，我一时不知道写什么好，想了半天，终于想起一件事来„„”。看到题目半天还没动笔，说明你的作文水平有限，这样写正好暴露了你的短处，是吃力不讨好的事。因此，建议大家最好不要用“看到这个题目„„”这样的开头。
2．开头要与题目相呼应，并且最好能指向文章的主要内容
我们初中生的作文一般都只有六七百字，文章的中心要在这么短的篇幅中凸现出来，需要很多因素，诸如选材、结构等等。而在开头呼应标题，就能给读者一种强烈的感受：文章人题很快!这也就意味着文章的推进快，表达主要意思的文字效率高．如果结尾处再能够呼应题目，文章就如同一个环，自成一体(至少给人的整体感觉上是这样)。同样的道理，开头的内容还能让读者隐隐约约知道你接下来要写的内容，这样一环套一环，前后的文气紧紧相连，结构就严谨起来。
常见的开头方法：
虽然说文章的开头贵在创造和变化，但是在大方向上也还是有一些规律可循。在这里，我们举几种常见的开头技巧。
开门见山法。即直接又概括地写出文章要介绍的对象——人，事，景，理。“开门见山”是一种比喻的说法，指的是写文章时直截了当人题的一种写法。例如：“最使我难忘的，是我小学时候的女老师蔡芸芝先生。”(魏巍《我的老师》)“我家的后面有一个很大的园，相传叫百草园。”(鲁迅《从百草园到三味书屋》)“我们中国人是有骨气的。”(吴晗《谈骨气》)“白杨树实在是不平凡的，我赞美白杨树!”(茅盾《白杨礼赞》)“科学技术是生产力，这是马克思主义历来的观点。”(邓小平《在全国科学大会开幕式上的讲话》)这种写法干脆利落，入题快捷，不枝不蔓，为考场作文开头的首选方法。
接近法。开头先不描写文章的对象，而是从一个有关的话题人手，一步一步地接近。可以从时间、地点、场景、人物、事物开始，逐渐引出主要的对象和话题。例如：“这是十几年以前的事了”(冰心叫、桔灯》)是时间接近；“东胜神州，海外有一国土，名曰傲来国，国近大海，海中有一座名山，唤为花果山”(吴承恩《西游记》)是空间接近。老舍的《在烈日和 1
暴雨下》开头：“六月十五那天，天热得发了狂!”开头则是交待事情发生的时间、节令、气候。
类比法。就是用相对或相关的另一个事物，引出文章的主角。比如，“人人都喜欢春天，而我却更喜欢冬天”(老舍《济南的冬天》)；“花鸟草虫，凡是上得画的，那原物往往也叫人喜爱。蜜蜂是画家的爱物，我却总不大喜欢。”(杨朔《荔枝蜜》)像鲁迅的《一件小事》，周敦颐的《爱莲说》，都是从相对的一个对象人手，引出要写的事物。
描写法。从最有特征，最扣人心弦的人物或情节的描写入手，以取得引人人胜的效果。“山，好大的山呵!起伏的青色群山一座挨一座，延伸到远方，消失在迷茫的暮色中。”(彭荆风《驿路梨花》)“天刚黎明，火箭发射场区一片紧张的战斗气氛，„„高大的发射塔架，环抱着乳白色的巨型运载火箭，耸立在发射场上。”(《飞向太平洋》)
议论法。以精辟的议论引出话题。如“种花好，种菜更好。花种得好，姹紫嫣红，满园芬芳，可以欣赏；菜种得好，嫩绿的茎叶，肥硕的块根和果实，却可以食用。俗话说：‘瓜菜半年粮。’我想起在延安蓝家坪我们种的菜园来了。”(吴伯箫《菜园小记》)“天下事有难易乎?为之，则难者亦易矣；不为，则易者亦难矣。”(彭端淑《为学》)
设疑法。先截取一个精彩的片断，或者倒叙事情的结果，来设置悬念；或者先设问点题，引起说明或者议论。例如《万紫千红的花》开头设问：“花为什么会有各种美丽鲜艳的色彩呢?”开端就设置悬念，引起读者的关注，同时又增加文章的波澜。
引用法。开头引用警句、名言、诗句或俗语、谚语等，可以起到吸引读者，突出中心的作用。如《怀疑与学问》开头引用了程颐的话：“学者先要会疑。”这种开头法，很容易掌握，效果也很好。名言警句式开头往往能增强开端的气势，使人感到意境高远。当然，引用时要注意两点：一是力求准确，避免出现错误；二是要有一定的陌生感，不能给老师“熟面孔”的印象。
比喻法。开头设喻，能引起读者的兴趣，更加关注要记叙的对象、说明的事物或议论的道理。如《中国石拱桥》的开头，“石拱桥的桥洞成弧形，就像虹。”这个开头自然就激发了人们对石拱桥的喜爱。运用比喻要注意喻体与本体之间的相似之处，不能牵强附会。
其实，水无常形，兵无常势，开头的技巧多种多样，不拘一格，最重要的原则是既新颖，又快速人题，激起人们进一步读下去的兴趣。不管哪种方法，说到底，都是为了吸引人。有人说，有了一个好的开头，文章就成功了一半，这话很有道理。所以我们不妨在文章的开头上多下些功夫。
成功开头示例——
有些人，有些事像风一样，经历过了，掀起一些尘土，等时间一过，却像是什么也没有发生过一样。而有一些事，却能久久地留在我们的内心。
那时，我正在„„
——《往事》用的是议论式开头。
已经是深秋季节，了无生气的枝头上零零落落挂着几片黄叶，被冷风抽打得悉悉索索地哽咽。苍白的残阳斜射在街头，没有一丝暖意。忽然„„
——《忘不了街头那一幕》用的是描写式开头。
朋友，您喜欢读书吗?书，拉近了时间的距离，缩短了地域的间隔；书，使您畅游千山万水，鸟瞰古今中外；书，伴您踏上理想的征途，人生从此充满阳光，充满希望。
——《人生的支点》用的是设疑法开头。
我的语文老师姓高，30岁左右，长得小鼻子小眼小身材，可以说小巧玲珑，惟一称得上大的是她的嗓门„„
——《我的老师》用的是开门见山法。
你以为我贫穷，卑微，不美，瘦小，我就没有灵魂，没有心吗?你想错了„„这是电影《简爱》里的一句台词，也是我个人的内心写照„„
——《规矩》，用的是引用式开头。
“哎，快起床，都几点了？”
“把牛奶喝光!”
“中午吃饭别挑食，保证营养。”
我的一天是这样开始的„„
——《我的一天》，使用的是对话描写开头。
【实践训练】
练一练
1．一张单
点拨：这是一个半命题作文，空格里可以添上“成绩单”、“汇款单”、“通知单”、“账单”，也可以加上修饰性的词，如“妈妈的成绩单”、“没有地址的汇款单’’等。当然，单据只是一个话题的切口，通过单据，要写出背后的故事，写出与单据有关的人，以及凝聚在单据上的某种精神。
2．华盛顿儿童博物馆墙上有一幅醒目的格言：“我听见了就忘了，我看见了就记住了，我做了就理解了。”应该说，这一格言道出了人们获取知识之途的真谛。许多事实充分告诉我们：百闻不如一见，百见不如一做。在你的人生旅途中，在你的成长生涯中，你是否也有这样的经历、体验和认识呢?
请以“闻、见、做”为话题写一篇文章，文体不限。
3．三月的故事
写好文章的结尾
【目标取向】
●明确结尾的处理对整篇文章结构的重要性。
●了解文章结尾的作用。
●掌握几种文章结尾的方法。
●尝试给文章写结尾。
【方法指导】
结尾是文章重要的组成部分，结尾写得好坏对突出文章主题、加强艺术感染力关系很大。叶圣陶说：“若是找不到适当的结尾而勉强作结，就像行路的人歇脚在日晒风吹的路旁，总觉得不是个妥当的办法。”可见，我们必须在结尾处多下些功夫。结尾的作用大体有三种：归结全文、照应全文、拓展意境。根据这些要求，介绍以下几种方法：
1．归结全文
一种方法是自然终止全文，这种方式不见斧凿的痕迹，自然流畅，别有韵味。一篇描写两个人从猜疑到信任的文章，结尾以两人握手作结：
不知哪来的勇气，他伸出一只手，他犹豫了片刻，终于也伸出了手——一只大手握紧了一只小手。
矛盾冰释，文章也就自然结尾。
写景寓意是抒发情感的常用手法。用写景寓意来结尾时，常常通过写眼前的景色来抒发感情，言近意远，自有一种余音不息的妙处。一篇习作描写赶海老人奋勇不屈、与大海风暴搏斗了整整一个晚上，他的结尾纯粹写景，在写景中寄寓了作者深邃的情意：
东方，太阳喷薄而出，漫天的彩霞映红了这叶白帆。苍茫的大海上，一条小船渐渐远去，船尾掠过几只矫捷的海燕。
画龙点睛的结尾方法是突出主题的常用方法。它既能使读者明确作者写作的用意，又能使文章锦上添花。鲁迅先生的名作《故乡》的结尾是这一方法的典范：
其实世上本没有路，走的人多了，也便成了路。
这正是小说所要表达的深刻主题。
2．照应前文
结尾与开头相照应，不仅在结构上具有前呼后应、文气通畅、结构谨严的效果，而且具有一唱三叹、回环往复的韵律美。一篇题为《驼爷》的文章，开头为：“驼爷的背很驼很驼，就像一把弯弯的弓。”结尾则是：
驼爷越来越老了，背也越来越驼了，那弯弯的背，就像一座桥架在两代人之间。结尾进一步突出了驼爷人生的价值，点出了全文的中心。
3．拓展意境
文章只记叙典型的事情，而结尾运用抒情或议论阐发典型事情的普遍意义，从而拓展了文章的认识价值或社会价值，这也是常用的结尾方法。叶圣陶先生的《多收了三五斗》描绘了某地农民丰收以后遭米行老板欺负而贱买贱卖的现象，结尾写道：
第二天又有一批敞口船来到这里停泊，镇上便表演着同样的故事。这种故事也正在各处市镇上表演着，真是平常而又平常的。
这不多的几句大大地拓展了文章的意义，丰富了文章的内容。
结尾以真挚热诚的情感对作品中所表现的人和物表示真诚的祝愿，展望光明的未来，这在名作家的作品中也经常读到。如《荔枝蜜》的结尾：
这天夜里我做了个奇怪的梦，梦见自己变成一只小蜜蜂。
作者以梦的形式表达了自己崇高的心愿。
【实践训练】
练—练
1．你在日常生活中最想得到什么?你的精神思想里最渴望什么?你认为当今社会最需要什么?请以“寻找”为题，写一篇作文。注意开头、结尾的整体构思。
2．以“我与时尚”为题作文。要把握正确的时尚观，既要体现“我”这个年龄、个性与时尚的关系，又要把握独特、另类、前卫的文化品位。
第五篇：英文邮件开头结尾
当前位置：首页 > 帮我写个英文的邮件和信开头和结尾
英文书信开头和结尾
一、开始语 :
1、Thank you for your letter of September 1.2、Many thanks for your kind letter which reached me yesterday.3、You letter come to me this morning.4、I was delighted to receive your letter.5、I am in receipt of your letter.6、It’s a long time since I saw your last.7、I have been missing you a lot since we met last time.8、I am sorry for not writing to you sooner.9、I am writing to you tell that „„
10.I often think of you.How are you recently? Thank you for your kind letter．（谢谢你的友好来信。）
I was so pleased to receive your letter．（收到你的来信我十分愉快。）
I have just received your kind letter．（已接到你的友好来信。）
I was pleased to hear from you．．．（„„收到你的来信，我非常愉快。）
I have just this moment received your letter and I am writing at once because．．．（我此时收到你的来信，便立即写信，因为„„）
Your letter of．．．was duly received（你„„的来函已妥收。）
Your letter came to（reached）me this morning．（今晨收到你的来信。）
Many thanks for your last kind letter．（接最近来信，感谢之至。）
I am sorry it has taken me a long time to reply to your last letter but．．．（很负疚，这么久才回你的上次来信，只是„„）
What a surprise it was to get a letter from you．（收到你的来信我觉得很吃惊。）
I was very sorry to hear．．．（听到„„觉得很不安。）
You will be very glad to hear that．．．（听到„„你会非常愉快。）
From your letter I learned that．．．（从你的信中知道„„）
With great delight I learned that．．．（我得知„„非常愉快。）
I often think of you．How have you been recently ？（我常想到你，你近来好不好？）
Sorry for delaying this letter so long．（这封信耽搁了很久了，真对不起。）
I have the pleasure to tell you that．．．（我愉快地告知你„„）
As I have not heard from you for long，I feel anxious．（很久没收到你的信，我觉得很担心。）
I have learned with delight that．．．（我愉快地得知„„）
Heartly congratulations on your graduation！（衷心地祝贺你毕业！）
How are you getting on with your English study？（你英语学得如何了？）
Your kind letter gives me much pleasure．（你的来信给我带来了无比的快乐。）
Your kind letter from Beijing arrived this morning ．（你从北京寄来的信件，今晨收到。）
Give you a reply and remember me to your whole family ．（今复信，代我向你全家问好。）
二、结束语
1、Good luck!
2、Best wishes!
3、Take care of yourself, will you ?
4、Send my love to your„„
5、Please write to me when you have time.6、Please write soon.7、Let’s keep in touch.8、I am looking forward to your next letter soon.Please write back soon．（请速回信。）
Please give my love to your family．（请代我问候你的全家。）
Take good care of yourself and write often．（多珍重，常来信。）
I'm afraid I have to stop now，but I will write again．（恐怕我得搁笔了，不过我会再来信的。）
I hope to hear from you soon．（我希望不久收到你的信。）
I look forward to our next meeting．（我期待下次相会。）
Your kind and early reply will be appreciated．（你的快速回信将令人观赏。）
Won't you let us hear from you promptly！（我们会很快收到你的来信的！）
May God bless you and your family！With every good wish for your happiness．（愿上帝保佑你及你的家人。祝你幸福。）
Looking forward to seeing you．（盼望能见到你。）
I shall be looking forward to hearing your first impression．（我盼望听到你的初次印象。）
I do hope you will be able to live here some time this summer holiday．（我的确希望你能在今年暑假在这里住一段时间。）
Best regards．（敬意。）
Good luck to you！（祝您好运！）
We are all looking for your next visit to China．（我们都盼您下次来拜访中国。）
Please write to me directly when you receive this letter．（收到信后请立即写信告知我。）
Wish（Wishing）you every success in your future career！（祝你成功！）
All my best wishes for the future！（祝你一切顺利！）
Hoping that you'll get well soon ．（祝您早日康复。）
Wish you the best of health and success！（祝您身体健康，工作顺利。）
Say hello to your parents for me．（请代我向您父母问好。）
Expecting to hear from you as soon as possible．（盼早日回信。）
Thank you for an early answer．（请尽早答复，不胜感谢。）
With the season's greetings．（谨致节日的敬意。）
Meanwhile，we wish you good health and every success in your work．（祝身体健康，工作顺利！）
I would like to wish you a very Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year．（祝您圣诞高兴，新年快乐！）
Write as often as you can，for I am looking forward to reading your every letter．（望你多多来信，我殷切地等待着你的每一封信。）
I'm sending you a little gift as a token of appreciation for your kindness to me，which I hope you will enjoy．（寄上小小礼物一件，作为纪念品，以感激你对我的关心，请笑纳。）
All my best wishes for the future！（祝您一切顺利！）
英文商务邮件比较常用的感谢用语
每个人都喜欢被感谢，在你的信里对读者表示感谢，感谢他们所做的事情和他们将要为
你做的事，你会发现将真诚表达在你的字里行间会让你受益匪浅。
感谢读者是邮件开场白的好办法。感谢您的读者能让对方感到高兴，特别是之后你有事相求的情况下会很有帮助。
Thank you for contacting us.如果有人写信来询问公司的服务，就可以使用这个句子开头。向他们对公司的兴趣表示感谢。
Thank you for your prompt reply.当一个客户或是同事很快就回复了你的邮件，一定记得要感谢他们。如果回复并不及时，只要将“prompt”除去即可，你还可以说，“Thank you for getting back to me.”
Thank you for providing the requested information.如果你询问某人一些信息，他们花了点时间才发送给你，那就用这个句子表示你仍然对他们的付出表示感激。
Thank you for your assistance.如果有人给了你特别的帮助，那一定要感谢他们！如果你想对他们表示特别的感激，就用这个句子，“I truly appreciate your help in resolving the problem.”
Thank you for raising your concerns.就算某个客户或是经理写邮件给你对你的工作提出了一定的质疑，你还是要感谢他们。这样你能表现出你对他们的认真态度表示尊重及感激。同时，你也可以使用，“Thank you for your feedback.”
在邮件开头表示感谢一般是表示对对方过去付出的感谢，而在邮件结尾处表示感谢是对将来的帮助表示感谢。事先表示感谢，能让对方在行动时更主动更乐意。
Thank you for your kind cooperation.如果你需要读者帮助你做某事，那就先得表示感谢。
Thank you for your attention to this matter.与上例类似，本句包含了你对对方将来可能的帮助表示感谢。
Thank you for your understanding.如果你写到任何会对读者产生负面影响的内容那就使用这个句子吧。
Thank you for your consideration.如果您是在寻求机会或是福利，例如你在求职的话，就可以用这句话结尾。
Thank you again for everything you've done.这个句子可以用在结尾，和以上有所不同。如果你在邮件开头已经谢过了读者，你就可以使用这句话，但是因为他们的帮助，你可以着重再次感谢他们的付出。
英文商务邮件开场白&结尾，屡用不爽，很有礼貌的说~~ 初次开场白：
It is my pleasure to write here for you.回复开场白：
Further to our conversation earlier,.........As discussed over the phone,.......Thanks for you kind reply.Thank you for your inquiry/email.Thanks for your letter.It is my pleasure to receive your reply!Thanks for your mail of 日期............结尾：
We will noted and many thanks!I hope everything with you is fine.Many thanks for your support.I hope you are well and in good health!FYI: for your information 仅供参考
深盼贵公司及早回复
(1)We hope to receive your favors at early date.(2)We hope to be favored with a reply with the least delay.(3)We await good news with patience.(4)We hope to receive a favorable reply per return mail.(5)We await the favor of your early(prompt)reply.(6)A prompt reply would greatly oblige us.(7)We trust you will favor us with an early(prompt)reply.(8)We trust that you will reply us immediately.(9)We should be obliged by your early(prompt)reply.(10)Will you please reply without delay what your wishes are in this matter?(11)Will you kindly inform us immediately what you wish us to do?(12)We request you to inform us of your decision by return of post.(13)We are waiting(anxious to receive)your early reply.(14)We should appreciate an early reply.(15)We thank you for the courtesy to your early attention.(16)We hope to receive your reply with the least possible delay.(17)Kindly reply at your earliest convenience.(18)Please send your reply by the earliest delivery.(19)Please send your reply by messenger.(20)Please reply immediately.(21)Please favor us with your reply as early as possible.(22)Please write to us by tonight's mail, without fail.(23)May we remind you that we are awaiting your early reply?(24)May we request the favor of your early reply?(25)A prompt reply would help us greatly.(26)A prompt reply will greatly oblige us.(27)Your prompt reply would be greatly appreciated.(28)Your prompt attention to this matter would be greatly esteemed.(29)We look forward to receiving your early reply.(30)As the matter is urgent, an early reply will reply.(31)We reply on receiving your reply by return of post.(32)We request you to accept our warmest thanks for the anticipated favor.(33)We thank you in advance for the anticipated favor.盼望以传真答复
(1)We await your reply by fax.(2)Please fax reply to fax this morning.(3)We are anxiously awaiting your reply by fax.(4)Please arrange for your fax reply, or long distance call, to reach us before noon Monday.(5)Fax reply immediately.(6)Please acknowledge by fax the receipt of these instructions.(7)Please do not fail to fax your reply immediately on receipt of this letter.(8)Please fax your decision without delay as we have offers waiting.(9)Oblige us by replying by fax before noon tomorrow, as we have another offer.(10)Inform us by fax of your lowest quotations.(11)Fax in time for us to write you in reply by 7 pm mail.(12)Fax me from Osaka before noon stating your telephone number.(13)Kindly reply me by wire.承蒙贵公司重视, 感谢之至
(1)Please accept our thanks for your usual kind attention.(2)Please accept our thanks for the trouble you have taken.(3)We are obliged to you for your kind attention in this matter.(4)We are greatly obliged for your trial order just received.(5)We wish to assure you of your appreciation of your courtesy in this matter.(6)We thank you for your order just received.(7)We thank you for the special care you have given to the matter.(8)We tender you our sincere thanks for your generous treatment of us in this affair.(9)Allow us to thank you for the kindness extended to us.(10)We are very sensible of your friendly services on our behalf,for which please accept our sincere thanks.回函迟误, 请见谅
(1)Please excuse my late reply to your very friendly letter of March 1.(2)I hope you will forgive me for not having written you for so long.(3)I hope you will excuse me for not having replied to you until today.(4)I humbly apologize to you for my delay in answering your kind letter of May 5.(5)I have to(must)apologize you for not answering your letter in time.我们将随时为你服务
(1)We assure you of our best services at all times.(2)We shall spare no efforts in endeavoring to be of service to you.(3)We shall be pleased to be of service to you at all times.为贵公司带来不便,特此致歉,并请原谅
(1)We hope you will pardon us for troubling you.(2)We regret the trouble we are causing you.(3)I regret the trouble it caused you.(4)We trust you will excuse us for this inconvenience.(5)We wish to crave your kind forbearance for this trouble.(6)We solicit your forbearance for such an annoyance.(7)Kindly excuse me for troubling you in this matter.对此错误, 谨致歉意, 务请原谅(1)Please excuse this clerical error.(2)We tender you our apology for the inconvenience this error may have caused you.(3)We request you to accept our regret for the error of our clerk.(4)We greatly regret that we have caused you such an inconvenience.(5)We wish to express our regret for the annoyance this mistake has caused you.(6)We frankly admit we were at fault and we are anxious to repair the consequences.恳请贵公司支持惠顾
(1)We solicit a continuance of your valued favors.(2)We solicit a continuance of your confidence and support.(3)We hope we may receive your further favors.(4)We hope to receive a continuance of your kind patronage.(5)We request you to favors us with a continuance of your kind support.(6)We solicit a continuance of your kind patronage.若有机会本公司也愿提供类似服务
(1)It would give us great pleasure to render you a similar service should an opportunity occur.(2)We wish to reciprocate the goodwill.(3)We shall on a similar occasion be pleased to reciprocate.(4)We hope to be able to reciprocate your good offices on a similar occasion.(5)We are always ready to render you such of similar services.(6)We shall at all times be willing to reciprocate such of similar favors.(7)We shall be happy to have an opportunity of reciprocating to you on a similar occasion.
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