英文谚语 每日一句

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第一篇:英文谚语 每日一句

每日一句

1.I have a dream and I want to go to a better university.2.No pains, no gains.3.Study hard and you will make progress every day.4.Keep on going and never give up.5.The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.6.Suffering is the most powerful teacher in life.7.Never put off what you can do today until tomorrow.8.A man’s best friends are his ten fingers.9.Believe that god is fair.10.I am a slow walker but I never walk backwards.11.Cease to struggle and you cease to live.12.Nothing is impossible.13.Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.14.If you fail, don’t forget to learn your lesson.15.Where there is a will there is a way.16.Hope for the best, prepare for the worst.17.Never too late to learn.18.Every coin has its two sides.19.I can because I think I can.20.Practice makes perfect.21.There is no such thing as free lunch.22.The longest journey begins with the first step.23.Every little helps.24.God helps those who help themselves.25.More haste, less speed.26.Knowledge is power.27.Nothing is really over until the moment you stop trying.28.All is well that ends well.29.Money is not everything.30.Strike while the iron is hot.31.No cross, no crown.32.seeing is believing.33.Details is the key to success.34.Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.35.Something attempted, something done.36.A rolling stone gathers no moss.37.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.38.Lost time is never found again.39.Difficulties strengthen the mind as labour does the

body.40.Behind bad luck comes good luck.41.Think twice before acting.42.He who laughs last laughs best.43.Treat other people as you hope they will treat you.44.Suspicion is the poison of friendship.45.The early bird catches the worn.46.Whatever you do, do with your heart.47.Where there is life, there is hope.48.Actions speak louder than words.49.Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well.50.Hang on to your dreams.51.Pain past is pleasure.52.Better to light one candle than to curse the darkness.53.The shortest answer is doing.54.Failure is the mother of success.55.Never underestimate your power to change yourself.56.Storms make trees take deeper roots.57.You can’t change your past, but you can improve your future.58.Once time is wasted, life is wasted.59.Don’t try so hard, the best things come when you least expect them to.(别着急,最好的总会在不经意间出现)60.Man is not made for defeat, a man can be destroyed

but not defeated.61.To be or not to be, that’s a question.62.Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.63.When young, he showed great interest in music.64.It was in the library that I met my close friend.65.Many hands make light work.66.Eat to live, but not live to eat.67.It never rains but it pours.(不鸣则已,一鸣惊人)68.A friend in need is a friend indeed.69.Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human

Face.70.An apple a day keeps the doctor away.71.A sound mind in a sound body.72.Better late than never.73.A good book is a good friend.74.Short accounts make long friendship.75.A life without a friend is a life without the sun.76.Rome wasn’t built in a day.77.All roads lead to Rome.

第二篇:每日谚语

语言之间的互相翻译不但有利于各国文化的交流,更有利于语言的发展。在做翻译工作时最怕碰上习语多的文章。为了忠于原著,译文心须既保持它的外国风味,又要符合本国文字的要求,而翻译习语却是最难把这两个标准一同达到的。成语(set phrases)、谚语(proverbs)、格言(sayings)、俗语(colloquilisms)、典故(allusions)和俚语(slangs)为了要适当地把外国语言中的习语翻译出来,有经验的翻译工作者一般采取下列几种方法:

1.直译法----就是按照文字的字面意思直接翻译过来,例如汉语中的“纸老虎”直译成“paper tiger”,外国人看起来不但深明其义,而且觉得很是传神,所以现已成为正式的英美民族语言。另外,我们口中的“丢脸”也被直译为“lose face”,“走狗”译成为“running dog”。由于中国热而大为外国人欢迎的“功夫”音译成“kung fu”等也算是直译法的一种。

2.同义习语借用法——两种语言中有些同义习语无论在内容、形式和色彩上都有相符合,它们不但有相同的意思或隐义,面且有相同的或极相似的形象或比喻。翻译时如果遇到这种情况不妨直载了当地互相借用。比方说汉语中有一句习语是“隔墙有耳“,英语中却有”walls have ears”,两句话字、义两合,无懈可击。我们说“火上加油”,英国人则说”to add fuel to the flame”,两者也完全一样。

3.意译法——有些习语无法直译,也无法找到同义的习语借用,则只好采用意译的方法来对待.例如汉语中的”落花流水”用来表示被打得大败之意,译成英文便是“to be shattered to pieces”。“乌烟瘴气“形容情形混乱不堪,可用“chaos”来表达。

4.省略法—汉语中有一种情况,就是习语中有的是对偶词组,前后含意重复。偶到这种情况时可用省略法来处理,以免产生画蛇添足之感。例如“铜墙铁壁”可译成“wall of bronze” 已经足够,实在无须说成“wall of copper and iron”。“街谈巷议”在意义上也是重复的,所以译成“street gossip”便可以了。

5.增添法—为了要更清楚地表达原意,有时要结合上下文的需要,在译文中增添一些说明。例如“树倒猢狲散”可译成“Once the tree falls, the monkeys on it will flee helter-skelter,”其中helter-skelter是“慌慌张张”之意,是增添的成分,原文虽无其字而有其义,加了使形象突出,有声有色。

6.还原法—一些习语源于外语,翻译时可使之还原。例如“夹着尾巴”应译成”with the tail between the legs”;“战争贩子”是英文

“war-monger”的中译;“蓝图”则是“blue-print”的中译等.上面提出的六种习语翻译法是比较常用的,如果能掌握好,已够一般的需要。在一些著作的翻译本中,往往还看到作者利用注释来说明习语的意义,因为有些习语只能在历史背景和典籍出处说明后才能充分表表明其意思,三言两语是无法表达的。

(一)直译法

直译法翻译就是在不违背汉语语言规范的前提下直接把原语的表达形式移植到译语中,这样既忠实传达原语的文化内涵,同时兼顾保持文化内涵的载体———语言的表达方式,做到“神形兼备”。采用直译法可以保留原文的形象和色彩,直译后语言一目了然,不至于产生误解。例如,an olive branch橄榄枝A rolling 1 stone gathers no moss滚石不生苔a gentleman′s agreement君子协定go through fire and water赴汤蹈火从以上例子我们不难看出,这些习语的字面意义、形象意义几乎相同,且其隐含意义也相同,我们说此类习语的字面意义和形象意义所传达出来的文化信息是相同的,它们在进行英汉互译时可以直译。译文不但保留了原文的形象,而且增加了阅读的趣味。

(二)意译法

许多英汉习语用直译法不能保留原文的表达形式,又无相对应的习语套用,这时就得用意译法,即不依照原文习语的风格,而根据上下文进行意译,把原文含义表达出来。例如:You′d better pull up your socks next term.译为:下学期你得加把油。“pull up your socks”是英语口语,意译“鼓起劲”,如直译为“挂起你的袜子”,会使读者不知所云。Peter was a dog in the man over the microwave oven.译为:他就是霸着那微波炉。A dog in the manger狗占马槽是一个源于《伊索寓言》的习语。意为“自己不能享用又不让别人享用”,译文只用一个“霸”字就能体现这个习语的内在含义。He was left and high and dry.译为:他处在进退两难的境地。“high and dry”是指船搁浅了,不可直译。

(三)代换法

代换法是指有些英语习语在比喻意义上同汉语习语基本相似,但在形象或比喻手法上略有不同,这时我们可以套用汉语中相似的习语来翻译英语习语。例如:To dismiss John from his job when his wife has just left him would be hitting a man when he is down.约翰的妻子刚刚离开他,现在又要解雇他,简直是落井下石。Mary never accepted an invitation unless Anne was included in it.It was a case of love me, love my dog.如果有人邀请玛丽而不请安妮,玛丽就不会去,这真是要求人家爱屋及乌了。以上习语在英汉互译中,意义与色彩几乎相同。所以用译入语的对等习语来翻译原语习语,即代换法,是非常有用的翻译方法。

(四)直译意译兼用法

由于历史文化的差异以及有些习语还含有比喻意义和象征意义,某些习语仅采用直译的方法来处理势必会造成意义的缺失,影响读者对译文的理解。在这种情况下,我们采用直译加注的方法,补出习语的潜在意义及与之相关的背景知识。在翻译英汉习语过程中,用直译和意译相结合的方法,即采用直译保留原文比喻形象的同时,又兼用意译补充说明,以使译文恰当地表达原文的含义,可以收到很好的效果。例如: The staff member folded like an acc on jion.译为:这位工作人员像合上的手风琴,一声不吭了。(“像合上的手风琴”是直译,加上意译“一声不吭”,使得意义表达更加清楚。)His disapproving attitude toward cars is simply sour grapes, the fact is that he would like to have a car but can′t afford to buy one.他对汽车持不赞成的态度纯粹是酸葡萄(得不到就说它不好)的逻辑,事实上,他也想有一部汽车,只是买不起罢了。A little pot is easy hot.壶小易热,量小易怒。

(五)直译加注译法

英汉中许多习语,尤其是含有典故的成语赋有特定的文化含义,为便于读者充分领会和完全吸收其特殊的文化意蕴,翻译中以直译加注为宜,即直接翻译出来,然后加注,予以解释。例如,the heel of Achilles译为:阿基里斯的脚踵。注:阿基里斯是希腊神话中的英雄,出生后被其母倒提在冥河浸过,除未浸到水的脚踵外,其他部位刀枪不入,后被敌人用箭射中脚踵而死。因此,The heel of Achilles(Achilles′heel)比喻惟一的致命弱点。综上所述,我们切不可忽视英语习语的理解与翻译。习语是任何语言不可缺少的一部分,很难想象有一种没有习语自身所具备的真正含义,那么我们就会在学习和生活中遇到阻止我们进步的障碍。另外,英语习语的来源广泛,其分类也较多。这反映出了它丰富、幽默的内涵。

我们通过它自身的这些特点不难看出英语习语在揭示英美国家各民族的丰富多彩的文化背景方面起着重大的作用。英语是一种国际性语言,世界各民族人民都在使用英语。因此说,我们对英语习语以及英美国家的文化若想有更好的认识,就有必要很好地掌握英语习语的翻译。

英汉习语的异同与翻译探析

习语除了固定的短语或表达法外,还包括口语体、谚语、格言乃至一些俚语。英汉两种语言同属较为发达的语言,故都拥有大量习语。英汉习语源远流长,都有着极其丰富的文化底蕴。英汉习语反映了两个不同民族的不同的历史、经济生活和思维方式。英汉习语有极强的概括和表现能力,形象生动,寓意深刻,韵味隽永,为人们所喜闻乐见。英汉习语比较

论文 www.xiexiebang.com 毕业论文

1.1 英汉习语的基本共性

1.1.1 结构的固定性

习语从其结构来看,有其自身的完整性,其中各个组成部分是固定的,不可任意拆开或替换,如“pull somebody’s leg”(愚弄某人)不可变单数为复数;“by twos and threes”(三三两两)不可按汉语习语改为“by threes and twos”.又如汉语的“去伪存真”不能说成“去假存真”,“三言两语”不能说成“两语三言”,虽然前者和后者意思没有很大不同,但是相沿成习,习惯上人们说的是前者,不是后者。

1.1.2 语义的统一性

习语是语言中约定俗成,相沿习用的定型化词组,在语义上是个不可分割的统一体,不能按字面意义来理解,如“胸有成竹”并非字面之义,而是比喻做事之前已有通盘考虑或周密计划。又如“沉鱼落雁”并非描述沉下去的鱼和落下去的雁,而是用来描述女性无与伦比的美貌。英语的习语也是如此,不能逐字理解,而应从整体去认识其特殊性和习惯性,如:do somebody brown(使某人上当),show the white feather(显示胆怯)等。

1.1.3习语的习用性

习语的习用性指习语应用的广泛性,社会成员在各种交际场合和各种文体中经常使用习语,从而不断丰富习语。习语以其简短的形式、生动的形象和恰当的比喻而深受人们的喜爱,作为全民族的智慧结晶和全社会的语言财富,在广泛的范围里为人民大众所确认和应用,因此,很多习语具有极强的生命力。

1.2 英汉习语的基本差异

1.2.1 风俗习惯的不同

英国人爱狗,视狗为伴侣,因此,常以狗的形象比喻普通人的生活行为,如:

love me, love my dog(爱屋及乌)。中国虽然也养狗,但一般人在心理上厌恶鄙

视这种动物,常用它形容和比喻坏人恶行,如“狗腿子”,“狗仗人势”等。英国人和中国人信仰不同,英国人多信仰基督教,有不少习语与之有关,如:go to the church(做礼拜),power of the keys(教皇的权力)。在中国佛教是影响最大的宗教,习语有不少来自佛教,如“半路出家”、“做一天和尚撞一天钟”等。

1.2.2 历史文化背景不同

英汉习语通常来自本民族的历代文献或民间口语。英语和汉语的历史文化背景不同,习语的来源也各异。本国人虽能了解,外国人常不知所云,比如中国自古以来以农业为主,从事农业者占很大比例,因此,在汉语习语中有很大一部分是农谚,如:“枯木逢春”,“斩草除根”。英国是个岛国,英国人钟爱海洋,所以英语习语中有很多来源于航海业,如:plain sailing(一帆风顺),drop anchor(抛锚;定居下来)等。另外不少习语来源于古代寓言故事或诗文等,这类习语可称典故习语。英汉典故有各自的民族渊源,非三言两语能阐述清楚,如汉语习语:“三顾茅庐”、“未雨绸缪”等。英语中也有类似的习语,如:fly on the wheel(狂妄自大的人)。

1.2.3 比喻上的不同

英汉有许多同义或意义相近的习语,但由于它们是两种不同生活经验的产物,有很多就不可能不明显的体现出两种不同民族形式,比如中国人常用习语“雨后春笋”来形容一般事物的迅速发展和大量涌现,而英语中的同义语是“like mushrooms”(像蘑菇一般),这是因为英国不产竹,甚至连“bamboo”这个词也是引进来的外来语。诸如此类的习语比比皆是,如:“never fish nor fowl”的是“非驴非马”,“no smoke without fire”的是“无风不起浪”。习语的翻译

2.1 直译法

直译,指在不违背译文语言规范以及不引起错误联想的条件下,在译文中保留原习语的民族特色、语言风格和比喻形象的方法,如汉语的“纸老虎”直译成“paper tiger”,外国人看起来不但深明其义,而且觉得很传神,所以该词现已成为英美民族正式语言。当原习语的隐含意义很明显时,读者可通过字面领悟它的含义,直译字面意义,如 “雪中送炭”译为“to offer fuel in snowy weather”.类似这样的习语译文,读者只要用心体会一下,就会明白其隐含意义,不但保留了原文的形象,而且增加了阅读趣味。Armed to the teeth武装到牙齿;paper tiger纸老虎;shuttle diplomacy穿梭外交;tower of ivory象牙塔;give the green light开绿灯;as easy as tu rning over one’s hand易如反掌; eat the leek穿小鞋;鸦雀无声It’s utterly quiet.2.2 意译法

有些习语由于文化因素的影响,在翻译时无法保留原来语句的字面意义和形象意义,也无法找到同义的习语借用,这时可将原文的形象更换成读者所熟悉的另一个译文形象,从而转达出原文的语用目的,译出隐含意义,如汉语中的“落花流水”通常指被打得大败,译成英文是“to be shattered to pieces”;又如“The dog that will fetch a bone will carry a bone.”在译成汉语时其中的字面形象“dog”,“bone”都不能直译,只能舍弃它的字面意义和形象意义,译出隐含意义“对你说别人坏话的人也会说你的坏话。” 老实讲,对这件事我可是擀面杖吹火---一窍不通To be quite honest with you, I don’t know the first thing about it.Have a bee in one’s bonnet胡思乱想; 他心头十五个吊桶打水,七上八下。His mind was in a turmoil.2.3 借用法

由于人类在感情,对客观事物的感受及社会经历等方面不免存在相似之处,所以英汉习语中存在着少量相同或近似的习语,这些习语字面意义、形象意义相同或近似,隐含意义则完全相同,也就是说,此类习语的字面意义和形象意义所传达出的文化信息是相同的,这样的习语则可以采用借用法进行互译。如英语中的“practice makes perfect”与汉语中的“熟能生巧”,又如汉语中的“破釜沉舟”与英语中的“burn one’s boats”都来源于两国的军事策略,因此用法和含义都相同。Spend money like water,挥金如土; like father, like son,有其父必有其子;You will cross the bridge when you come to it.船到桥头自然直。Many drops of water make an ocean.积少成多。

2.4 节译法

在汉语习语中,常有并列的对偶结构,即用两个不同的喻体表达相同的寓意,前后含义重复,遇到这种情况就可用节译法处理,省去并列重复部分,如“铜墙铁壁”译为“wall of bronze”,不必说成“wall of copper and iron”,长吁短叹用节译法译为“sighing deeply”。石沉大海,杳无音信disappear without a single trace;2.5 增译法 班门弄斧 show off one’s proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban, the master carpenter 结语

以上对英汉习语进行了对比分析并论述了几种英汉习语的翻译方法。其实,无论对汉语还是英语来说,习语都是一种特殊的语言现象。对习语的翻译既要有原则性,又要有灵活性,从整体大局出发,力争做到译文既保留原文的习语韵味,又能通顺、畅达地表达原意。

1. 见机行事。

Act according to circumstances.2. 兵不厌诈。

All is fair in war.3. 留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。

As long as the green hills last, there'll always be wood to burn.4. 种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆。

As you sow, so shall you reap.5. 不问就听不到假话。

Ask no questions and be told no lies.6. 情人眼里出西施。

Beauty lies in lover's eye.7. 血浓于水。

Blood is thicker than water.8. 海内存知己,天涯若比邻。

A bosom friend afar brings a distant land near.9. 简洁是智慧的灵魂。

Brevity is the soul of wit.10.公事公办。

Business is business.1 A bad beginning makes a bad ending.恶其始者必恶其终。

2.A bad bush is better than the open field.有胜于无。

3.A bad compromise is better than a good lawsuit.吃亏的和解也比胜诉强。

4.A bad conscience is a snake in one's heart.做贼心虚。

5.A bad custom is like a good cake, better broken than kept.坏习惯像鲜馅饼,分食要比保存好。

6.A bad padlock invites a picklock.开门揖盗。

7.A bad penny always turns up.8.A bad thing never dies.坏事传千年。

9.A bad workman quarrels with his tools.拙匠常怨工具差(人笨怨刀钝)。

10.A bargain is a bargain.达成的协议不可撕毁。

11.A beggar's purse is bottomless.乞丐的钱袋是无底洞。

12.A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。

13.A bird is known by its note, and a man by his talk.闻其歌知其鸟,听其言知其人。

14.A bird may be known by its song.什么鸟唱什么歌。

15.A bit in the morning is better than nothing all day.略有胜于全无。

16.A blind man who leans against a wall imagines that it's the boundary of the world.坐井观天。

17.A blind man will not thank you for a looking-glass.秋波送盲,白费痴情。

18.A book is the same today as it always was and it will never change.一本好书今天如此,将来也如此,永不改变。

19.A book that remains shut is but a block.有书闭卷不阅读,无异是一块木头。

20.A borrowed cloak does not keep one warm.借来的斗篷不暖身。

21.Absence sharpens love, presence strengthens it.相聚爱益切,离别情更深。

22.A burden of one's choice is not felt.自己选的担子不嫌重。

23.A burnt child dreads the fire.一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳。

24.A candle lights others and consumes itself.蜡烛焚自身,光亮照别人。

25.A cat may look at a king.猫也有权晋见国王。

26.A cat has nine lives.猫有九条命。

27.Accidents will happen.天有不测风云。

28.A chain is no stronger than its weakest link.链条的坚固程度取决于它最薄弱的环节。

29.A change of work is as good as a rest.调换一下工作是很好的休息。

30.A cheerful wife is the joy of life.快乐的妻子是生活的乐事。

31.A clean hand wants no washing.身正不怕影子斜。

32.A clear conscience is a soft pillow.问心无愧,高枕无忧。

33.A clear conscience is a sure card.光明磊落,胜券在握。

34.A clear conscience laughs at false accusations.白日不做亏心事,夜半敲门心不惊。

35.A clear fast is better than a dirty breakfast.宁为清贫,不为浊富。

36.A close mouth catches no flies.病从口入,祸从口出。

37.A cock is valiant on his own dunghill.夜郎自大。

38.A common danger causes common action.同仇敌忾。

39.A constant guest is never welcome.久住非佳宾,常来不欢迎。

40.A contented mind is perpetual feast.知足常乐。

41.A covetous man is good to none but worse to himself.贪婪的人对别人毫无好处,对自己却坏处更大。

42.A crafty knave needs no broker.狡猾的流氓,不需居间人。

43.A creaking door hangs long on its hinges.户枢不蠹。

44.Action is the proper fruit of knowledge.行动是知识的巧果。

45.Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。

46.A discontented man knows not where to sit easy.不满足者坐无宁时。

47.A disease known is half cured.病情确诊断,治病好一半。

48.Admonish your friends in private, praise them in public.在私底下要忠告你的朋友,在公开场合要表扬你的朋友。

49.A dog will not howl if you beat him with a bone.骨头打狗狗不叫。

50.Adversity is a good discipline.苦难是磨练人的好机会。

51.Adversity leads to prosperity.逆境迎向昌盛。

52.Adversity makes a man wise, not rich.患难使人聪明,但不能致富。

53.Adversity makes strange bedfellows.身处逆境不择友。

54.Adversity successfully overcome is the highest glory.成功地克服困难是最大的光荣。

55.A fair death honors the whole life.死得光明,终身荣耀。

56.A fair face may hide a foul heart.人不可貌相。

57.A faithful friend is hard to find.益友难得。

58.A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.吃一堑,长一智。

59.After dinner sit a while, after supper walk a while.午饭后要坐,晚饭后要走。

60.A father is a treasure, a brother is a comfort, but a friend is both.父亲是财富,兄弟是安慰,朋友兼而有之。

61.A fault confessed is half redressed.承认错误,等于改正一半。

62.Affairs that are done by due degrees are soon ended.事情要安步就班地做,就会很快地做完。

63.A flow of words is no proof of wisdom.口若悬河不能作为才智的证明。

64.A fool always comes short of his reckoning.愚人常缺算计。

65.A fool always rushes to the fore.傻瓜总爱强出头。

66.A fool and his money are soon parted.笨蛋难聚财。

67.A fool attempting to be witty is an object of profoundest pity.蠢人装聪明,实在最可怜。

68.A fool can ask more questions than seven wise men can answer.一愚发问,七智结舌。

69.A fool may ask more questions in an hour than a wise man can answer in seven years.愚者所问,智者难答。

70.A fool may give a wise man counsel.愚者千虑,必有一得。

71.A fool may throw a stone into a well which a hundred wise men cannot pull out.一愚所失,百智难回。

72.A fool knows more in his own house than a wise man in another.一个蠢材在他自己家里所知的事比一个聪明人在别人家里所知的事要多。

73.A fool's bolt may sometimes hit the mark.愚者千虑,必有一得。

74.A fool's heart dances on his lips.愚人心坦荡,挂在嘴唇上。

75.A fox may grow grey, but never good.狐狸会变,但本性难移。

76.A friend exaggerates a man's virtue, an enemy his crimes.朋友宣扬人的美德,敌人夸大人的罪过。

77.A friend in court is better than a penny in purse.曩中有钱,不如朝中有友。

78.A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难朋友才是真朋友。

79.A friend is a second self.朋友是另一个我。

80.A friend is best found in adversity.患难见真友。

81.A friend is never known till a man have need.不到患难时,永远不能认识真正的朋友。82.A friend is not so soon gotten as lost.交友慢,失友快。

83.A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody.广交友,无深交。

84.A friend without faults will never be found.没有缺点的朋友是永远找不到的。

85.After a storm comes a calm.否极泰来。

86.After black clouds, clear weather.否极泰来。

87.After death, the doctor.放马后炮。

88.After dinner comes the reckoning.吃喝玩乐,该付代价。

89.After dinner sit a while;after supper walk a mile.午餐之后坐片刻,晚饭之后走一里。90.After meat, mustard.雨后送伞。

91.A full belly counsels well.衣食足而后知荣辱。

92.A full cup must be carried steadily.杯满盈,须持稳。

93.A good anvil does not fear the hammer.好砧不怕锤。

94.A good appetite is a good sauce.饥不择食。

95.A good beginning is half the battle.首战告捷等于一半胜利。

96.A good beginning makes a good ending.善始者必善其终。

97.A good book is a best friend who never turns his back upon us.一本好书,莫逆之交。98.A good book is a light to the soul.好书一本,照亮心灵。99.Great wits have short memories贵人多忘事

He who has hope has everything怀有希望者, 便拥有一切

Better a bare foot than no foot at all.光脚总比没脚好,有总比没有好。Make hay while the sun shines趁热打铁

nothing is impossible to a willing mind世上无难事只怕有心人 when one door shuts, another opens天无绝人之路

第三篇:英文谚语

0.It is the bridle and spur that makes a good horse.要把马练好,缰绳靴刺少不了。

1.A boisterous horse must have a rough bridle.烈马要套粗笼头。

2.He is a gentle horse that never cast his rider.驯良的马绝不会把骑手甩倒。

3.'Tis a good horse that never stumbles.好马不失蹄。

4.The fault of the horse is put on the saddle.马劣动怪马鞍坏。

5.Mettle is dangerous in a blind horse.瞎马鼓勇气,正是危险事。

6.Old wood is best to burn,old horse to ride.老柴好烧,老马好骑。

7.Every horse thinks his sack heaviest.每匹马都认为自己驮的袋子最重。8.You may know the horse by his harness.观马具可知马性。

9.A galled horse will not endure the comb.擦伤的马不耐梳。

10.You can take a horse to the water,but you cannot make him drink.牵马河边易,逼马饮水难;不要逼人做他不愿做的 事。

11.Don't swap horses when crossing a stream.行至中流不换马;危难之时不宜作大变动。

12.An ass endures his burden,but not more than his burden.驴子能负重,过重也难负。

13.Wherever an ass falleth,there will he never fall again.驴子绝不会在同样的地点跌倒两次。

14.The braying of an ass does not reach heaven.驴子的叫声传不到天上。

15.The fault of the ass must not be laid upon the packsaddle.驴子不乖,休怪驮鞍。16.A horse is neither better nor worse for his trappings.相马不可凭马饰。

17.He who wants a mule without fault,must walk on foot.指望驴子无缺点,只有自己徒步行。

18.A colt you may break,but an old horse you never can.小驹犹可练,老马最难驯。19.One sheep follows another.一羊跟一羊(指盲从)。

20.If one sheep leap o'er the dyke,all the rest will follow.一羊跳过沟,众羊跟着跳。

21.There is a black sheep in every flock.败类处处有;害群之马处处有。

22.One scabbed sheep will mar a whole flock.一羊生癣,群羊受害。

23.Every time the sheep bleats it loses a mouthful.羊每叫一次,就少吃一口。

24.One butcher does not fear many sheep.屠夫不怕羊多。

25.It is a foolish sheep that makes the wolf his confessor.蠢羊才向狼忏悔。

26.The dust raised by the sheep does not choke the wolf.羊踩起的灰尘挡不住狼。

27.Carrion crows bewail the dead sheep and then eat them.乌鸦吃死羊,先要哭一场;猫哭老鼠假慈悲。

28.The life of the wolf is the death of the lamb.有活的狼就有死的羔羊。

29.As soon goes the young lamb's skin to the market as the old ewe's.老羊皮上了市,小羊皮也跟着来。

30.You have no goats,and yet you sell kids.没有老山羊,还把小羊卖。

31.If the beard were all,the goat might preach.如果长胡就好,山羊也可讲道。

32.A lazy sheep thinks its wool heavy.懒羊自觉羊毛重。33.He that will have a hare to breakfast must hunt overnight.早餐想吃野兔肉,头晚就须去捕捉。

34.If you run after two hares,you will catch neither.同时追两兔,一只也难捕。

35.One should not run with the hare and hunt with the hounds.不应两面讨好。

36.The tortoise wins the race while the hare is sleeping.兔子睡大觉,乌龟跑第一。

37.First catch your hare then cook him.要兔子肉,先要把兔捉;先抓兔子后烹调(勿谋之 过早)。

38.The fox is known by his brush.狐狸只因尾巴大,所以人人认识他。39.The fox smells his own stink first.狐狸有恶臭,自己先嗅出。

40.The fox may grow grey, but never good.狐狸活到老,永远难变好。

41.The tail does often catch the fox.狐狸被抓,都因尾巴。

42.It is an evil sign to see a fox lick a lamb.狐狸舔羔羊,不是好迹象。

43.When the fox preacheth,then beware your geese.每逢狐狸讲道,当心鹅儿遭殃。44.An old fox is not easily snared.老狐狸难得陷罗网。

45.Old foxes want no tutors.老狐不须教师教。

46.The sleeping fox catches no poultry.睡着的狐狸捉不到鸡。

47.You can have no more of the fox than the skin.狐狸除了皮,旁的全无用。

48.The fox that had lost its tail would persuade others out of theirs.一条狐狸丢尾巴,就劝旁的也丢它。

49.A fox should not be of the jury at a goose's trial.审鹅不应狐陪审。

50.The fox's wiles will never enter the lion's head.狐狸的诡计永远进不了狮子的头脑。51.The old goose plays not with foxes.老鹅不跟狐狸耍。

52.The wolf and fox are both privateers.狐狸与狼,抢劫大王。

53.The wolf may lose his teeth, but never his nature.狼牙会掉,狼性难改。

54.A thief knows a thief as a wolf knows a wolf.小偷识小偷,正象狼识狼。

55.Hunger fetches the wolf out of the woods.饥饿引狼出森林。

56.Give never the wolf the wether.莫把阉羊送给狼。

57.Who keeps company with the wolf will learn to howl.与狼相结交,就会学狼嚎。

58.The lone sheep is in danger of the wolf.孤羊逢狼,必然遭殃。

59.It is madness for a sheep to treat of peace with a wolf.跟狼讲和平,此羊必癫狂。

60.By little and little the wolf eateth the sheep.狼吃羊,一只一只进肚肠。

61.The death of wolves is the safety of the sheep.群狼一死众羊安。

62.While you trust to the dog,the wolf slips into the sheepfold.当你认为狗可信,狼已偷偷把羊圈进。

63.When the wolf grows old, the crows ride him.狼老被鸦欺。

64.Man is to man either a god or a wolf.人与人交往,不是上帝就是狼。

65.A growing youth has a wolf in his belly.青年成长时,食量大如狼。

66.The lion is known by his claws(paw).狮以爪闻名。

67.The lion is not so fierce as he is painted.狮子没有画上的凶猛。

68.A barking dog is better than a sleeping lion.吠犬胜于睡狮。

69.It is not good to wake a sleeping lion.睡狮莫惊。

70.The lion's skin is never cheap.狮皮从不贱。

71.Destroy the lion while he is yet but a whelp.杀狮应在幼小时。

72.The tiger that has once tasted blood is never sated with the taste of it.一次尝到血,虎欲永难遏。

73.He who rides a tiger is afraid to dismount.骑虎难下。

74.The leopard can never change its spots.花豹永不能改变身上的斑点(指:本性难移)。75.Kings and bears oft worry keepers.国王和熊,常使守护人忧心忡忡。

76.He who shareth honey with the bear hath the least part of it.与熊分蜜糖,只得一点尝。

77.Do not sell the bear's skin before you have caught the bear.熊未到手休卖皮(勿过早乐观)。

78.Where the deer is slain,some of her blood will lie.鹿死总有血迹留。

79.The rage of a wild boar is able to spoil more than one wood.野猪一怒毁树多。

80.An ape's an ape, a varlet's a varlet, though they be clad in silk or scarlet.尽管衣绸穿红,猿猴还是猿猴,侍从还是侍从。

81.An army of stags led by a lion would be more formidable than one of lions led by a stag.一只狮子率领的一群鹿,比一只鹿率领的一头狮子 更难对付。

82.A bad custom is like a good cake, better broden than kept.坏习惯象饼子,碎了比保存起来好。83.A bald head is soon shaven.光脑袋,剃得快。

84.A blind man will not thank you for a looking-glass.瞎子不谢赠镜人。

85.A borrowed cloak does not keep one warm.借来的大氅不暖身。

86.A brave retreat is a brave exploit.勇退即勇绩。

87.Accidents will happen in the best regulated families.即使家规严,丑事总难免。

88.A candle lights others and consumes itself.腊烛照亮了别人,毁灭了自己。

89.A constant guest is never welcome.常来之客不会受欢迎。

90.A cracked bell can never sound well(is never sound).破钟无好音。

91.A crown is no cure for the headache.王冠难治头痛。

92.A drowning man will catch at a straw.溺水者见草也要抓;急何能择。93.After a storm comes a calm.暴风雨后天平静;雨过天晴。94.After death, the doctor.人死医生来;雨后送伞。

95.A good beginning is half done.良好的开端,就是成功了一半。

96.A good example is the best sermon.良好的范例是最好的训诫。

97.A great ship asks deep waters.大船要在深水行;英雄要有用武之地。98.A horse stumbles that has four legs.人有失手日,马有失蹄时。

99.A little neglect may breed great mischief.小失成大害;小误酿大祸。

第四篇:英文谚语

英文谚语——英语教学中一道美丽的风景

2010-10-20 18:59:41| 分类: 英语专业 |举报|字号 订阅

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对于“谚语”,《现代汉语词典》是这样解释的:“在群众中间流传的固定语句,用简单通俗的话反映出深刻的道理。”英语中也有很多谚语,它们是流传于英、美等国人民群众口头上的一种较为定型的简练、生动的...对于“谚语”,《现代汉语词典》是这样解释的:“在群众中间流传的固定语句,用简单通俗的话反映出深刻的道理。”英语中也有很多谚语,它们是流传于英、美等国人民群众口头上的一种较为定型的简练、生动的语句,总结了人民大众生活斗争的经验,具有传授经验教训以及诲人劝诫的功能。在教学中,教师如果恰到好处地运用英语谚语,不仅有利于提高学生的学习兴趣和语言素养,而且有利于培养学生的欣赏能力和表达能力。巧借谚语,扩充词汇

《普通高中英语课程标准》中关于词汇的要求是很明确的。语言知识目标中的八级要求是:学会使用3300个左右的单词和400~500个习惯用语或固定搭配。九级要求更高:学会使用4500个左右的单词和一定数量额习惯用语或固定搭配,能根据交际话题、场合和人际关系等相关因素选择较为适当的词语进行交流或表达。[1]

可见,英语教学中有意或无意的渗透词汇,对于学生词汇的习得至关重要。教学中可以借助词汇的教学,补充一些谚语,使学生从朗朗上口的诵读中积累一些词汇。笔者在教《牛津高中英语》模块一第一单元时,就尝试给学生输出这些谚语:

Respect yourself, or no one else will respect you.君须自敬,人乃敬之。

Constant dropping wears away a stone.滴水穿石。

Many drops make a shower.积少成多。

Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.作最好的希望,作最坏的打算。

A good marksman may miss.智者千虑,必有一失。

There are only two powers in the world, the sword and the pen;and in the end the former is always conquered by the latter.世界上只有两种力量:刀和笔;而其结果,后者总是战胜前者。

Experience is the father of wisdom and memory the mother.经验是知识之父,记忆是知识之母。

The heart of the giver makes the gift dear and precious.赠予者的心意可使馈赠的东西增加价值而显得珍贵。

Speech is silver, silence is golden.雄辩是银,沉默是金。

Judge not a book by its cover.人不可貌相。

One wrong thought may cause a lifelong regret.一念之错可铸终生之恨。

Learn to walk before you run.循序渐进。

Still waters run deep.大智若愚。/静水流深。

A wise head makes a close mouth.智者寡言。

Great designs require great consideration.宏伟的计划需要慎重考虑。

The wolf may lose his teeth, but never his nature.江山易改,本性难易。

另外,有许多英语谚语短小精悍、音韵和谐、朗朗上口,非常适合于背诵。例如:No pains,no gains.(不劳无获。)Grasp all, lose all.(贪多必失。)Out of sight, out of mind.(眼不见,心不烦。)Health is better than wealth.(健康胜过财富。)Practice makes perfect.(熟能生巧。)Better early than late./ Better late than never.(早做比晚做好。/晚做比不做好。)A friend in need is a friend indeed.(患难见真情。)An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.(一日之计在于晨。)……学生如果能够每天记忆两三条谚语,哪怕一天一条,长期坚持,在内化过程中定能熟透于心,从而在特定的语言环境中脱口而出,在书面表达中也能信手拈来,收到贴切、生动、幽默、风趣等意想不到的语言效果。

2巧借谚语,熟悉语法

语法是高中学生学习英语的一大障碍,高中语法复杂难懂,是制约学生提高英语水平的一个瓶颈,教学中借用谚语可以使枯燥的语法讲解变得生动活泼,学生也学得兴趣盎然。

比如,在讲语法难点——非谓语动词时,笔者尝试借助谚语举了以下例子来分别说明其用法。

(1)现在分词用法

Let sleeping dogs lie.别弄醒睡着的狗。(别惹是生非。)

(2)过去分词用法

A penny saved is a penny earned(or gained).省钱就是赚钱。

It is good fishing in troubled waters.混水之中好摸鱼。

(3)动名词用法

Seeing is believing.眼见为实。

It’s no use crying over spilt milk.牛奶已洒,哭也没用。

(4)不定式用法

It’s better to give than to receive.施舍比索取更受人赞。

Be slow to promise and quick to perform.不轻诺,诺必果。

短小风趣的谚语一下子吸引了学生的兴趣,他们在细心地聆听、尽情地诵读中不知不觉悟出了非谓语动词的用法,轻轻松松突破了教学的难点。

从句也是高中语法的重点、难点,教学中,我采用谚语帮助理解,同样收到了很好的效果。

(1)定语从句

The man that suffers much knows much.磨难多,见识广。

Heaven helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。

He that is master of himself will soon be master of others.能主宰自己的人不久就可以主宰别人。

All is not gold that glitters.闪亮的不都是金子。

All is well that ends well.结果好才是真好。

Experience is a school from which one can never graduate.经验无止境。

(2)状语从句

A.时间状语从句

Strike the iron while it is hot.趁热打铁。

You make the failure complete when you stop trying.不再努力之时,就是完全失败之日。

All time is no time when it is past.光阴一去不复返。

B.地点状语从句

Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。

Where there is smoke, there is fire.有烟必有火。(无风不起浪。)

C.条件状语从句

Life is long if you know how to use it.如果懂得好好利用,生命就长了。

We only live once, but if we work it right once is enough.我们生命只一次,好自为之一次足矣。

D.原因状语从句

As you sow, you shall mow.种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆。

Knowledge is the most precious treasure of all things, because it can never be given away, nor stolen nor consumed.知识是万物中最珍贵的财宝,丢不掉,偷不走,也不会损耗。

E.方式状语从句

Childhood shows the man, as morning shows the day.看人看年少,看天看破晓。

Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.读书养神,锻炼健身。

F.比较状语从句

A miss is as good as a mile.失之毫厘,差之千里。

Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.手里有钱财,不如胸中有文才。

G.让步状语从句

Though a lie be well dressed, it is ever overcome.谎言即使打扮得再好,到头来也会被揭穿。

Whatever you do, do with your might;Things done by halves are never done right.不论做什么事要尽力去做;事情做得不彻底,就不能算好。

(3)名词性从句

We must repeat a thousand and one times that perseverance is the only road to success.我们必须千百次地反覆说明,坚韧不拔是取得胜利的唯一道路。

Don’t put off till tomorrow what should be done today.今日事,今日毕。

What is worth doing at all is worth doing well.事既值得做,就把事做好。

What is lost is lost.失去的不可复得。

教师还可以借助谚语来让学生掌握一些较复杂的句型。比如,我在教强调句型时,用了这样的谚语:

It is not work that kills, but worry.劳动不伤人,忧虑才伤人。巧借谚语,解读文化

语言是文化的载体。语言深深地扎根于文化的土壤中,离开了特定文化背景的语言是不存在的,二者血肉相连,不可分割。学习英语就要了解英语国家的文化。英语谚语与英语国家特定的历史、经济、文化、生活、风俗习惯、宗教信仰、地理环境等有着密切关系;透过英语谚语的表层,便可了解所承载它的文化背景,可探究英语国家的生活内容和生活方式以及在此基础上所产生的思想内容和思维方式,这是深层次掌握英语的有效途径。此外,中外之间存在着文化差异,汉语中也有许多谚语,教师可以通过两种语言中谚语的比较,来更好地理解英语。例如:

Rats desert a sinking ship.船沉鼠儿逃。(汉语中有“树倒猢狲散。”)

Two heads are better than one.两人智慧胜一人。(汉语中有“三个臭皮匠,顶个诸葛亮。”)

When the cat is away, the mice will play.猫儿不在,鼠儿作怪。(汉语中有“老虎不在家,猴子称霸王。”)

Rome was not built in a day.罗马非一日建成。(汉语中有“冰冻三尺非一日之寒。”)

Every Jack must have his Jill.(相当于汉语“有情人终成眷属。”)

Jack of all trades,master of none.样样皆通,样样稀松。

以上最后两例中的Jack和Jill就相当于汉语的“张三”和“李四”,我们只有了解中、英两种语言的深刻内涵和文化差异,才能很好地把握谚语的真正意义,也才能在使用时收到意想不到的效果。巧借谚语,塑造心灵

在语言教学中,教师应积极有效地渗透品德教育,才能有助于形成健全的情感、态度、价值观。这也是中学英语课程标准的基本目标之一。教育的最终目标是使学生既成才又成人,我们在努力提高学生学业水平的同时,要时时处处注重对学生品德的培养,人格的塑造,使他们成为社会的有用人才。很多英语谚语可以引申出更深刻、更普遍的生活道理和人生哲理。它教人守德、惜时、为善和求真;劝人淡泊名利、志存高远和勇于进取,具有深刻的教育意义。[2]

教学中,笔者用“One today is worth two tomorrows.(一个今天胜过两个明天。)”告诫学生珍惜今日,发愤求学;用“A life without a purpose is a ship without a rudder.(人生无目的,犹如船失去了舵。)”激励学生树立理想,勇于追求;用“All things are easy that are done willingly.(做事乐意,诸事容易。)”教育学生培养兴趣,主动学习;用“He who questions nothing learns nothing.(无所问者无所获。)”鼓励学生善于思考,勤于发问;用“He who laughs last laughs best.(谁笑到最后,谁笑得最好。)”鼓励学生坚持到底,不懈追求;用“Honesty is the best policy.(诚实才是上策。)”告诉学生待人真诚,求真务实;用“It is not helps, but obstacles, not facilities but difficulties, that make men.(造就人的,不是帮助,而是磨难,不是方便,而是困难。)”告诫学生不畏困难,迎头赶上;用“The first test of a truly great man is his humility.(一个真正伟大的人,对他的第一个考验就是看他是否谦逊。)”告诫学生不要骄傲,愈战愈勇;用“Fortune smiles upon the brave and frowns upon the coward.(幸运喜欢勇敢的人,而不喜欢怯懦的人。)”“No way is impossible to courage.(勇敢面前没有通不过的路。)”勉励学生学会自信,勇敢前进。[3]

毫无疑问,巧借英文谚语,能极大地激发学生学习英语的兴趣,有效地突破教学的难点;能帮助学生丰富词汇、培养语感;能使学生树立信心、不怕困难、乐于合作,形成积极向上的品格……只要运用恰当,英文谚语,必将成为英语教学中一道亮丽的风景!

非谓语动词作主语

Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.早睡早起,使人健康、富有又明智。

It takes ten years to grow trees, but a hundred to rear people.十年树木,百年树人。

Doing everything is doing nothing.贪多嚼不烂。非谓语动词作表语

Deliberating is not delaying.慎思并非拖延。

Well begun is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。非谓语动词作宾语

We prefer to die a hero, rather than live a slave.宁为英雄死,不为奴隶生。

Never try to prove what nobody doubts.无人怀疑的事,无须去证实。

第五篇:英文谚语

1.引言

谚语是成语的一种特殊类型。但它不同于其他种类的成语。谚语是语义相对完整的固定句子,通俗简练、生动活泼,使用时可作为句子成分,也可作为独立的交际单位,表达完整的思想。有传授经验教训的作用。

在一个民族的语言中,谚语扮演着不可或缺的角色,它具有重要的使用价值,用的好能使语言增色,文笔增辉。然而,作为一定文化背景下的产物,谚语可以启迪人生、指导人们的行为、传授经验、进行道德教育、宣传鼓动等社会功能。谚语的价值不仅仅囿于此,通过它还能了解一个民族的文化。那么英语谚语的文化价值表现在哪些方面呢?本文就此作简要论述。

2.谚语的文化价值

2.1 谚语反映大不列颠民族的历史

社会历史的发展对语言的影响是巨大的,随着时代的变迁,旧的语言逐渐衰亡,新的语言不断产生。在语言的发展过程中,历史文化的痕迹主要残留在习语当中,翻开一本中型英语词典,在 “Rome”(罗马)的词条下就会找到至少三条与“罗马”有关的谚语:

Do in Rome as the Romans do.(在罗马就要像罗马人一样生活。比喻:入乡随俗)

Rome was not built in a day.(罗马不是一天建成的。比喻:伟业非一日之功)

All roads lead to Rome(条条道路通罗马。比喻:殊途同归)

公元前六世纪,罗马人征服不列颠岛,其后占领不列颠岛长达400年之久罗马文化与风俗逐渐渗入不列颠,形成一个不列颠拉丁文化。罗马人走后,他们的文化及其对不列颠的影响仍然留在不列颠岛上,以上三条谚语可见罗马帝国昔日的辉煌。

大不列颠岛除了被罗马帝国侵占过以外,还曾先后被日耳曼部落、诺曼底族侵占过,所以,英语中有很多来自拉丁语、法语、西班牙语等欧洲语言的谚语。

来自拉丁语语的谚语有:

Fortune favors the brave.(勇敢者交好运)

There is no rule without an exception.(没有一条规则没有例外)

来自法语的谚语有:

Don’t put the cart before the horse.(不要本末倒置)

Once is no custom.(一次不是习惯)

Nurture is above nature.(教育生于天赋)

来自西班牙语的谚语有:

A cold April the barn will fill.(四月寒冷谷满仓)

He has two stomachs to eat and one to work.(他有两个肚子吃,只有一个肚子做工作。意为“好吃懒做”)

2.2 谚语反映大不列颠的地理位置

英国是一个岛国,位于欧洲西部大西洋中的不列颠诸岛上,英国所处的这样一个岛多的位置,对其自身的发展具有重要的意义。在这样的地理环境中,海上运输在英国运输业中占有特殊位置,因此许多英国谚语与航海有关。这些谚语大部分都是水手在长期航海生活中创造和使用的,既是水手们的经验之谈,直接适用于航海,又具有广泛的意义。例如:If the rain comes before the wind, lower your topsails, and take them in;if the wind comes before the rain, lower you topsails, and hoist them again.(如果先下雨后刮风,就收下你的中桅帆;如果先刮风后下雨,就把中桅帆再扬起。)这条谚语不仅指导水手何时扬帆,收帆而且是一种普遍的气象常识,它告诉人们,雨后刮风,雨要不停地下,而雨前刮风,雨下不长。

再如Hoist sail when the wind is fair.(趁着好风扬起帆)具有普遍的指导意义,它教育人们,要利用好机会干事情,趁热打铁,乘风破浪,机不可失,时不再来。A good sailor may mistake in a dark night.(好水手在黑夜航行也会出错)The good seaman is known in bad weather.(坏天气才能使出好水手)等。

捕鱼业在英国经济中占有相当重要的地位,为英语留下不少与渔业有关的谚语

All is fish that comes to his net.(进到网里的都是鱼)这条谚语的比喻意义是“任何有用的东西或有好处的事都来者不拒”,含有贬义。The best fish smell when they are three days old.(再好的鱼三天也变臭)比喻“在一起相处得太久,再好的朋友都会生厌。

The best fish swim near the bottom.(好鱼居水底)比喻“有价值的东西不会轻易得到”.Fish begins to stink at the head.(鱼要腐烂头先臭。比喻意义与汉语谚语“上梁不正下梁歪”相似)

He who would catch fish must not mind getting wet.(要像抓鱼就不能怕弄湿衣。比喻意义与汉语谚语“要吃龙肉,就得亲自下海”相似)

Never offer to teach fish to swim.(不要教鱼儿游泳。比喻“不要再内行人面前卖弄自己”。相当于汉语谚语“不要班门弄斧”)

2.3 谚语反映不列颠民族的风俗习惯

风俗习惯是一个地区的人的生活方式,它包括很多、很广,涉及社会生活的各个方面。它既受到一个民族的政治、经济、宗教、文学艺术等方面的影响,又反过来影响这些方面。一个民族的语言作为这个民族的文化的一个特殊组成部分,必然反映出该民族的风俗习惯,谚语更是与民族的风俗习惯紧密相关。

任何一个民族都有自己喜爱的动物,宠物文化有鲜明的地域性、民族性。中英两国人民都有养狗的习惯,但两国人对狗有不同的传统看法。英国人对狗有好感,认为狗是忠实可靠的朋友。因此,英语中有许多关于狗的谚语:Let the sleeping dogs lie(让睡觉的狗躺着。比喻“莫惹事生非;别自找麻烦”)Every dog has his day(每只狗都有它的好时光。比喻“人人皆有得意日”。)Love me, love my dog(爱屋及乌)等等。而中国人一般厌恶鄙视这种动物,常常用狗来形容和比喻坏人坏事,比如:狗拉耗子,多管闲事;狗掀门帘全凭一张嘴;狗眼看人低;好狗不挡道等。

2.4 谚语反映不列颠岛多雨多雾的气候

大不列颠地处欧洲大陆西部的中纬度,是典型的温带海洋性气候。气候特点是雨量充沛,风大雾多。英国不仅经常下雨,而且雨下得很大。因此产生谚语It never rains but it pours.(不雨则已,一雨倾盆)。这条谚语的比喻意义是“倒霉的事情总是一起发生的”相当于汉语成语“祸不单行”的意思。Small rain lays great dust.(小雨压大尘)比喻“小的东西也可派上用场“。另外,雨过天晴,天空会格外美丽:After rain comes fair weather.这条谚语告诉人们:“困难过后,胜利就会到来。”

大不列颠岛不仅雨多,而且雾多。过去伦敦素有“雾都”之称。多雾的天气也给英语留下不少谚语。When the mist comes from the hill, then good weather it doth spill;when the mist comes from the sea, then good weather it will be.(雾从山上来,好天要变坏;雾从海上来,好天气会来).气象对农业生产至关重要,农民在长期与天奋斗的实践中,总结了关于气象的经验,也反映在有关的谚语中,A snow year, a rich year.(下雪的一年,丰收的一年)Cast not a clout till May be out.(到了五月末,才把棉衣脱)For a morning rain leave not your journey.(早雨不耽搁旅行).Evening red and morning grey, are the signs of a fine day.(晚霞和晨雾是晴天的征兆)A misty morning may have a fine day.(有雾的早晨可能是晴天)When the wind is in the east, it’s neither good for man nor beast.(风起东方,人畜不安)When the wind is in the west, the weather’s at the best.(风起西方,气候最佳)。

2.5 谚语反映大不列颠的币制和度量衡制

反映大不列颠币制的谚语有:in for a penny, in for a pound.(一旦开始就干到底;一不做,二不休)Penny wise and pound foolish.(小事聪明,大事糊涂)Take care of the pence, and the pounds will take care of themselves.(小事谨慎,大事自成)Give him an inch and he’ll take an ell.(他得寸进尺)这几条谚语中的penny, pound, inch是大不列颠的货币单位和度量衡。

3.结束语

综上所述,可以看出英语谚语中的文化印迹是很明显的,可以通过对谚语的溯源分析和分类研究来考察大不列颠文化。当然并非每条谚语都有它的文化含义,但是确实有不少谚语能够反映出大不列颠文化的面貌及其发展过程,因此可以说,英语谚语具有重要的文化价值,是研究大不列颠文化的重要材料,虽然不是唯一的材料。

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