2013年成人高考专升本英语

第一篇：2013年成人高考专升本英语

2013年英语复习资料

一、代词部分：

应注意的一些代词，both、neither、either、none、all。

1、Young babies can use hand equally well.A、either B each C both D every

2、They have two teams, and of them have chance of winning

A、both B none C neither D all

3、of us could work out this maths problem, so we asked our teacher for help.A、Some B any C No one D None

二、数词应注意倍数的用法

1、With the help of the foreign experts，the factory produced cars in 2001 as the year before。

A as twice many B as many as twice C as twice as many D twice as many

2、New typewriters cost about price of the second-hand ones

A three times the B a three times C the three tomes D three times a

解析：倍数表达公式（1）倍数+as---as（2）倍数+the +名词+of

三、形容词、副词应注意

（1）短语 the same as（2）The + 比较级„„，the +比较级„„

（3）形容词、副词的比较级可被much、far、still、even、a little、a bit、a lot、a great deal修饰，加强或削弱其语气。

1.In the world no country has exactly the same folk music _____ that of any other countries.A.with B.as C.to D.like

2.Although the price of house has been lower , it is _____ higher than before.A.still B.yet C.so D.such

四、情态动词部分需要掌握情态动词公式

成人高考英语情态动词部分常考情态动词的一些固定结构

如：1 must /may /might +动词原形（表对现在事情的肯定推测）

典型例题 专升本2001年13题

She ________on her way to school, I just phoned her home and no one answered me.A． should be B.must be C.might have been D.could be

解析：本题考查考生对情态动词固定结构的掌握，由于本题是对现在事情的推测，故选B。题意为：她肯定在上学的路上，我刚打电话给她家里，没人接。

must /may /might +have +PP(过去分词)（表对过去事情的肯定推测）典型例题 专升本2005年20题

--They are supposed to arrive at six, but there is no sign of them..--Something unexpected__________-to them.A.might happen B.must have happened C.would have happened D.could happened

解析：此题考情态动词对过去事情肯定推测的结构，故选B 题意为：他们原定于6点到达，但现在连人影都没见到，肯定出什么事了。

couldn’t / can’t +have +PP(表对过去事情的否定推测)

典型例题(1)专升本2004年34题

“I saw Mary in the Library yesterday.”

“you her, she is still in hospital.”

A mustn’t have been B could not see C.can’t have been D.must not see

解析：此题考情态动词对过去事情否定推测的结构，故选C 题意为：我昨天在图书馆看到玛利了。你不可能看到她，她还在医院里呢。

(2)高起点2003年25题

You ________have seen Jane in her office Last Friday, she’s been out of town for two weeks.A couldn’t B.mustn’t C.wouldn’t D.shouldn’t

解析： 题考情态动词对过去事情否`定推测的结构，故选A 题意为：上个星期五你不可能在简的办公室看到简，她已出城两个星期了。

4．Ought to / should +have +PP(表过去应做的事而实际上未做，含有责备的口气)

You ____________yesterday if you were really serious about the job.A ought to come B ought to have come C.ought have come D.ought come

解析：此题考查过去应做的事而实际上未做，故选B 题意为：如果你很在乎这份工作的话，昨天你就该来。

五、时态部分应掌握现在完成时、过去完成时以及各时态的被动语态。

（1）只要时间状语是by the end of last„„,主句的谓语动词绝对用过去完成时；如果把last 变为next ,主句的谓语动词绝对用将来完成时。

（2）By the time 从句的时态是一般过去时，主句谓语绝对采用过去完成时；如果by the time 从句的时态是一般现在时，主句谓语绝对采用将来完成时。

六、疑问句部分需要注意附加疑问句。

（1）祈使句的反意问句（2）let’s开头的反意问句

（3）谓语为used to be 型的反意问句（4）含有否定词的反意问句

1．Don’t shout in the meeting room,______?

A.should you B.will you C.can you D.could you

2.Let’s visit our uncle on the way home ,______?

A.will you B.will we C.do we D.shall we

3．There used to be a cinema on this street,.?

A.wasn’t there B.didn’t there C.wasn’t it D.didn’t it

4．Tom seldom visits his grandparents, ？

A.doesn’t he B.isn’t he C.does he D.is he

七、复合句

要点一（1）what 与that(2)形式主语 与强调句

(3)区别介词短语与从句(4)掌握从句必须采用陈述语气（as、though 引导的让步状语除外）

1.It is impossible he will tell us he has just done.A.that what B.what that C.what what D.that that

2.It was in Hong xing Cinema I met Mr Smith for the first time.A.when B.where C.in which D.that

3.He is always trying to help others he is too busy.A.except B.except that C.except when D.in addition

4.Never forget the days together on the island last year.A.shall I , we spent B.I shall, we spent

C.shall I, when we spent D.I shall, where we spent

要点二 状语从句部分的时间状语从句。

(1)掌握 hardly„„.when„„„..No sooner„than„„„..(2)牢记 the moment, the minute, each time ,by the time „„.等短语可引导时间状语从句

要点三 状语从句的结果状语

（1）掌握so 与such的 区别

So 的使用公式：

so + adj + a/an + n

主语+谓语 so + adj + that

so + adv

such的公式

主句+连系动词+ such + a/an + adj + n

主句+连系动词+ such + adj + n(可数复数)+ that

主句+连系动词+ such + adj + n(不可数)

（2）掌握so „„that和such„„that的倒装句式

要点四 状语从句部分的让步状语

（1）三者的区别

.as ,though引导的让步状语从句的公式

名词/形容词+as +主语连系动词

副词 +as+主语+行为动词

（2）让步状语从句不可以和并列连词but, and, for, so , therefore等同时用于一个句子中，但可以用still, yet，要点五 定语从句部分要点如下

（一）非限定性定语从句的两种类型

类型1.第一种类型的非限定定语从句的先行词与定语从句的关系代词用逗号隔开，是因为两者关系不密切，从句仅对先行词起补充说明的作用。

Yesterday , I met a girl ,who was my deskmate in the Middle school.We are going to spend this year’s Spring Festival in Hainan, where our parents lives.类型2.第二种类型的非限定性定语从句修饰的不是一个先行词，而是上文中的整个句子，这时引导词只能用which.（二）当先行词为

1、不定代词

2、先行词被副词only,最高级、序数词修饰时，常用关系代词that 引导。

（三）what 不可以引导引导定语从句，但what =先行词+引导词

试题分析

1.The dog ran out of the yard the old lady open the gate.A.the moment B.that moment C.a moment D.this moment

2.He will give this letter to your bother the moment he him.A.will see B.sees C.see D.would see

3.Although he likes Mary so much , he doesn’t want to marry her.A.and B.but C.yet D.so

4., he can already support a big family.A.A boy as he is B.AS he is a boy C.Boy as he is D.he is a boy

5.Yesterday, I ran into my former headmaster in the street ,we talked about the things and people we remembered in the middle school.A.that B.which C.what D.who

6.I bought a dozen of eggs yesterday , two were broken.A.between which B.among which C.in which D.when

7.I have many friends , are from Beijing

A.most of them B.most of whom C.some of which D.some of them

8.He didn’t tell us he had done.A.all which B.all that C.all what D.what all

八、倒装句

要点1 only +副词/ 介词短语/状语从句置于句首强调时，后面的主语与谓语必须部分倒装。

要点2 一些含有否定意义的词，如：not only , not until., never , hardly , no sooner , scarcely , little , nowhere , in no time..........等短语置于句首强调时，后面的主语和谓语必须部分倒装。

九、主语与谓语保持一致

要点1就近原则：not only.......but also;either.........or;neither........nor;or 连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与第二个主语保持一致。

要点2 就远原则：在主语与谓语之间插入短语 as well as ,together with, along with, with, except, but谓语动词不受插入语的影响仍和主语保持一致。

要点3 时间、距离、金钱等词语作主语表总量时，谓语动词用单数。

十、非谓语动词

要点1 学会分析一道题缺少谓语还是非谓语。

要点2 区别不定式、动名词、分词作定语。

要点3 分词完成式仅作状语，不作定语。

要点4 动名词的逻辑主语。

要点5 分词作宾语补足语。

十一、常考语言点

要点1 做过的事情、发生过的事情，动词regret , forget , remember后带动名词，反之，带不定式。

要点2 当 动词 require , need , want {需要}的主语是物时，后带动名词的主动语态表被动含义。

要点3 区别短语 have +** +do / / have +** /sth+doing // have +sth +done

要点4 区别短语 make +** +do // make +oneself +done

要点5 区别短语used to do sth // be used to do sth // be used to doing sth

2012年成人高考专升本英语语法复习资料

一、动词时态及语态题（大家应该记住我所讲过的九种时态，特别是其中的过去完成，过去进行时，客观真理要用一般现在时等）

1、The manager told us that this factory was built in 1958.2、By the time we got there，the play had already begun.3、When I was a child，I knew that the earth turns about its axis.4、When Mr.Delay got home after a day’s exhausting workhis wife and children were sleeping.二、非谓语动词题（特别是现在分词与过时分词的区别，大家一定要弄明白主动与被动这对最最重要的区别，要求大家多看我的上课笔记）

1、The film showed last night was very moving.（不用moved，大家别忘了-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别）

2、Having finishing his lecture，the teacher asked if anyone wished to asked a question.3、The problem being discussed is very important.4、Given more time，we are sure to finish it.5、Will you please make yourself known to everyone here

三、It作形式主语及形式宾语题（这也是一个常考点，it本身是没有意思的，注意it还可以指时间，天气等。）

1、It is difficult to study English well.2、We think it is important to pass the exam.四、强调句型（大家要记住的是it is（was）„„。that„。如果前面是it iswas 后面往往选用that，当然强调人的时候也可用who）

1、It was at an evening party that I first saw her.2、It is what you will do that is important.3、When was it that he bought a new car

五、倒装句型 全部倒装句（这种全部倒装题历年只考过一次，考得最多的都是下面的部分倒装）

1、Stop talking！There comes the teacher.部分倒装句（如果选项里面有两个主谓倒装了，两个没有，我们一般要在倒装里做选择）

1、So badly was he hurt in the accident that he had to be sent to hospital.2、Not only does he study well，but also he is always ready to help others.3、Mary has done well in the English exam.So she has.She always does well in the exam.六、从句中选择关系词（重点在定语从句，多看笔记，becausesincenow thatasfor；so„that„such„ that„）

1、It was in so friendly a way that he talked with us.2、Oct.15，2005 is a day when we will take our English examination.3、We want to buy the same book as you are reading.4、The sun heats the earth，which is very important to living things.七、虚拟语气（我们要记住与现在，过去，将来相反的三种情况，特别是与过去相反的情况最常考，再有就是wishas if 后面所接的三种情况，还有一个常考点在suggest，demand，require，order等表示建议，要求，命令的词后面加从句时，从句里谓语要用（should）+动词原形，如果是被动则用（should +be +动词过去分词）

1、I would have done it better if I had had more time.2、I wish you would go with us tomorrow.3、I suggest that we（should）adopt a different policy.4、Had it not been for your helpwe would never have been able to get over the difficulties.八、情态动词题（除了掌握常见情态动词基本用法外，常考点在三种表推测的情况，分别为must表对现在事情的肯定推测，can’t表对现在事实的否定推测，must have +v-ed表示对过去事实的肯定推测，而则表示过去应该做某事而没有做）

1、The ground is so wet，it must have rained last night.2、She must be a doctor，I think.3、I should have called you last week，but I was too busy then.九、几组形容词及副词区别题（注意比较级、最高级、倍数表达；likelypossibleprobable；worthworthy；too muchmuch too；alreadyyet等）

1、His books are three time as many as my books.2、The Nile river is the longest river in the world.3、It is much too hot tonight.4、The harder he worked，the happier he felt.十、主谓一致题（往往出题者都是考谓语动词选单数这种情况，如each，every，everyone这样的词作主语以及Mary，like many other girls likes listening to music这样的题）

1、The moral of the officers and crew was very high.2、Each boy and each girl in the city is asked to go to school.3、Neither the quality nor the prices have changed.（近位原则）

十一、动词及动词词组区别题（常考的有raise risea risea rose；spend cost take pay afford；wound injure hurt damage；find find out discover invent；hit strike ring beat；tell say speak talk；join join in take part in等以及我所讲过的动词短语）

1、Can you tell the difference between these two words

2、He joined the army three years ago.十二、主句用将来时，从句则用一般现在时（或现在完成时）表将来

1、They will leave the classroom when they have finished writing.2、We will start to work as soon as our teacher comes.十三、名词所有格以及名词后面有限定时则该名词前一定要加定冠词the题（名词的格有以下两种情况，Tom’book，以及the books of our school，特别是用of表示的所有格我们一定要习惯这种表达）

1、Beijing is the capital of China.2、He can’t have the expience of all of the world.十四、常用介词区别题（如on，in，except besides，within，without，through等）

1、You should write in ink not with your pencil.2、He pulled her into the train by the arm.3、by bustrainair„。On foot，on the farm，in the morningafternoonevening，at nightnoon

十五、常考代词题（常考的有other others，another the other；sometimes some time sometime；thatwhich；that what，either neither or；too also either；many much a great deal of a great number of a great amount of；a few few littlea little；as long as as far as；so long as so far as）

1、That you don’t like him is none of my business.2、The weather in the north is much colder than that in the south in January.3、He must be a worker.I think so.2012年成人高考专升本英语词汇汇总

构词法

英语的构词方法有三：合成(composition)，派生(derivation)和转换(conversion)。

一、合成

合成：合两个或两个以上的词而成为一个新词，这种构词的方法叫做合成。1.复合名词的主要构成方式 1)名词+名词

classroom 教室，newspaper 报纸 2)形容词+名词

blackboard 黑板，highway 公路，3)动词+名词

break-water防波堤 4)副词+名词

outbreak爆发，overcoat 大衣 5)代词+名词

he-goat公山羊，she-wolf 母狼 6)动词+副词 break-down崩溃 7)名词+介词短语

editor-in-chief 总编辑，father-in-law岳父 2.复合形容词的主要构成方式 1)名词+形容词

snow-white 雪白的，world-wide全世界的 2)形容词+形容词

bitter-sweet 又苦又甜的，blue-green 绿里发蓝的 3)副词+形容词 ever-green 常绿的 4)名词+分词

snow-covered 白雪盖着的，hand-made 手工制作的 5)形容词+分词

good-looking 好看的 6)副词+分词

well-meaning 好意的，well-informed消息灵通的 7)形容词+名词

second-hand旧的，用过的，第二手的 8)形容词+名词+-ed open-minded 胸襟开阔的，white-haired白发的 9)数词+名词+(-ed)two-faced 两面派的，3.复合动词的主要构成方式 1)副词+动词

overcome 克服，uphold支持，主张 2)名词+动词

sun-bathe行日光浴

二、派生

在一个单词前或后加上一个词缀，变成一个新词，这种构词的方法叫做派生，词缀有前缀和后缀两种，加在单词前的词缀，叫前缀，加在单词后的词缀，叫后缀。1.前缀

现将最常用的一些前缀(按字母顺序)举例如下： anti-反对

anti-Japanese war抗日战争 arch-主要的

arch-enemy 主要敌人 auto-自动的

automobile 小汽车，autobiography自传 bi-双

bicycle 自行车，bilingual 用两种语言的 by-在旁

bystander 旁观者，by-product副产品 co-共同

co-operation合作，co-existence 共处 counter-反

counter-attack 反攻，de-除去，否定

decentralization分散，不集中 dis-否定

discover发现，disorder混乱，杂乱 en-，em-使成为

enable使能够，enslave奴役，encourage鼓励 ex-前

ex-president前任主席、总统或大学校长 extra-外

extraordinary非常的，格外的 for-，fore-先，前，预

forward向前，foresee预见，forearm前臂for-禁，弃

forbid禁止，forget忘记

in-，il-，im-，ir-不，非

informal 非正式的，incomplete不完全的，inter-间，相互 interview会见 mal-恶

maltreat 虐待 micro-微

microscope显微镜 mid-中

mid-night半夜，mid-autumn中秋的 mis-误

misunderstand 误会，misuse误用 multi-多

multi-national 多民族的 non-非，不

nonexistent不存在的 post-后于

post-war 战后的，pre-先于

pre-war 战前的 pro-赞成，亲善 pro-American 亲美的 re-重，再，复 review 复习sub-下，次

subdivide细分，再分 super-上，超

super-structure 上层建筑

不规则的 irregular

一、词汇解析 tele-远

telephone 电话，telescope望远镜，television电视 trans-横过，转移

transformation改造，translate翻译 un-不

unable不能的，unimportant不重要的，untrue不真实的 uni-

一、单 uniform 划一的 2.名词后缀

-age状态，集合

marriage婚姻，shortage缺少，village村庄-an 人

American美国人，Italian意大利人，意大利语，African非洲人-ance，-ancy性质，状态

importance重要性，significance意义-ant，-ent 人

assistant助手，助教，student学生-ation，-ition 动作，状态

determination决心，industrialization工业化，preparation准备-craft 技巧，工艺 handicraft手工艺-dom(状态，领界)freedom自由，kingdom王国-ee(被动)employee雇员-eer 人

engineer工程师，volunteer志愿者-ence，-ency(抽象名词)dependence依靠，不独立，excellence卓越-er 人，动作者

fighter战士，worker工人，writer作家，harvester收割机-ese 人，语言

Chinese中国人，中文，Japanese日本人，日文-ess 女性

actress女演员，princess公主，hostess女主人，女乘务员(飞机上)-ful 充满

handful一把，armful一抱(这些词亦可作为复合词看)-hood 身份，境遇，状态

childhood童年，likelihood可能性-ian 人

musician音乐家，technician技术员-ity(抽象名词)possibility可能性，capability能力-man 人

Englishman英国人，postman邮递员(这些词亦可作为复合词看)-ment 运动，结果

movement运动，development发展-ness 状态，性质

kindness和善，carefulness小心-or 人，动作者

actor男演员，editor 编辑，tractor拖拉机

-ry，-ery 行为，工作，性质，工作地点，货物种类，境遇等 bravery勇敢，nursery托儿所，cookery烹调-ship 状态，身分

friendship友谊，hardship苦难-tion 动作，状态

attention注意，action行动，revolution革命-ty(抽象名词)cruelty残酷，loyalty忠实-ure 结果，动作

pleasure快乐，pressure压力 3.形容词后缀

-able，-ible能够

unforgettable难忘的，responsible负责的-al 的

cultural文化的，national国家的-an(地，人)的

Russian 俄罗斯的，俄罗斯人的，American美国的，美国人的-ed 有，象

talented有才华的-en 的

golden金色的，wooden木制的-ern(表示方向的)northern北方的，eastern东方的，southern南方的，western西方的-ese(地，人)的

Chinese中国的，中国人的，Japanese日本的，日本人的-ful 充满

careful小心的，beautiful美丽的，powerful强有力的-ic，-ical 的

economic经济的，political政治的，grammatical语法的-ish 属于，稍微

bookish书本气的，yellowish稍黄的，selfish自私的，childish幼稚的-ive 性，倾向

active 积极的，collective集体的-less 无

fearless无所畏惧的，careless不小心的，useless无用的，meaningless无意义的-like 如 childlike儿童般的(亦可作为复合词看)-ly 品质，的

friendly友好的，weekly每星期的，manly丈夫气的，daily每天的-ous 多

nervous神经紧张的，dangerous危险的-some 引起，适于，易于

troublesome烦人的，tiresome(令人感到厌倦的)-ward 向

backward落后的-y 充满，性质

rainy雨的，snowy雪的，handy手巧的，便于使用的 4.动词后缀-ate isolate使孤立，-en deepen加深，strengthen加强-fy simplify简化，classify分类-ize，-ise industrialize工业化 5.副词后缀-ly carefully小心地，beautifully美丽地，quickly迅速地-ward，-wards向

forward向前，backward向后，upwards向上，downwards向下-wise 方式

likewise同样地，otherwise否则，用另一种方式

一、转换

转换 将一个单词由某一种词类转用为另一种词类，这就叫做转换。单词转换后的意义往往与未转换前的意义有密切的联系。1.名词转化为动词

elbow 由“肘”转义为“用肘推挤”

back 由“背，后面”转义为“支持，后退” 2.形容词转化为动词

slow 由“慢”转义为“放慢” 3.动词转化为名词 to take a walk 散步 to have a look 看一看 to have a try 试一试 4.形容词转化为名词

the wounded 受伤的人们，the beautiful美丽的东西，the blind盲人们 5.其他词类转化为名词

a must必须做的事情，ups and downs高低起伏，ins and outs问题的底细

典型例题 考试的重点是词汇之间的搭配，和近义词之间的区别。

1.Driving a car is not as difficult as you imagine，if you ________ the rules.A.depend on B.turn to C.put up D.stick to depend on 依靠、依赖

turn to 转向某人，turn to sb.向某人求助 put up with 容忍、忍受 stick to 遵守 答案 D 2.In my opinion，the changing job market will ______ people many difficulties.A.find B.bring C.take D.get find 找到 bring 带来 take 拿走 get 得到 答案 B 3.Since the two restaurants ________ almost the same food and service，it doesn't matter where you stop to eat.A.offer B.cook C.prepare D.afford offer 提供 cook 烹饪 prepare 准备 afford 付钱 答案 A 4.When he applied for a _______ in the office of the local newspaper，he was told to see the manager.A.profession B.position C.career D.location profession职业 position 职位 career 职业 location 方位

She chose an academic career.答案 B 5.Margaret was so ________ for news of her lost child that she was almost driven mad.A.careful B.responsible C.thirsty D.hostile careful 仔细的 responsible 负责的 thirsty 极度渴望的 hostile 敌意的 答案 C 6.It is not polite to ________ when someone is making a speech at a meeting like this.A.turn up B.cut in C.speak out D.stand by turn up 来到，露面 cut in 打断 speak out 大声说

stand by 站到„„旁边 答案 B 7.The boss _______ angry when I spoke to him on the phone.A.sounded B.looked C.grew D.talked sounded 听起来 looked 看起来 grew 变得 talked 谈话 答案 A 8.All of her living cost ________2，000 yuan each month.A.gets to B.equals to C.arrives at D.comes at get to 到达某地 equal的用法：

equal： adj.be equal to sth./doing sth.对某事有力量，勇气，能力等，能胜任 eg.She feels equal to the task.她认为能胜任该项工作。He's equal to the occasion.他能应付这一局面。He doesn't seems equal to meeting out demance equal： v.equal sb./ sth.(in sth.)与某人(某事物)相同或相等 eg.He is equaled by no one in kindness.没有人比他更善良。)arrived at+地点状语 到达某处 comes at 达到 答案 D 9.Her face is _________ to me，but I can't remember where I saw her.A.similar B.friendly C.alike D.familiar similar 相似的 friendly 友好的 alike 相像的 familiar 熟悉的 答案 D 10.Jump in the car.There's enough ________ for you.A.place B.seat C.room D.space place 地方 seat 座位 room 空间 space 宇宙空间 place 指具体地点 答案 C 11.It wasn't an accident.He did it on ________.A.reason B.determination C.purpose D.intention reason 原因 determination 决心 on purpose 故意 intention 目的 答案 C 12.You'll have to pay for the holiday in _______，I'm afraid.A.front B.advance C.ahead D.forward front 具体位置空间的前方 in advance 提前 ahead 在„„之前，不和in 连用 forward 向前 答案 B 13.The bookstore hasn't ordered ________ textbooks for all the students in the course.A.enough B.plenty C.as much as D.a great deal of enough 修饰名词，在名词之前

plenty+of as much as 不能修饰名词

a great deal of 修饰不可数名词。答案 A 14.As I didn't have any experience，I was ________ problems.A.likely to have B.probably having C.probable to have D.likely having be likely to do 很可能有„„ probably 不接doing接to do it's brobable for sb.that 答案 A 15.David may ________，but we must go at once.A.stay late B.stay lately C.stay a little D.have stayed very late stay late stay lately lately近来 答案 A 16.I don't think that your watch is _______.A.worth of the price B.worth the price C.worthy of the price D.worthy to buy worthy： adj.a.be worthy of sth.eg.Her achievements are worthy of the highest praise.她的成就值得给予最高奖赏。b.be worthy to do sth.eg.She said she was not worthy to accept the honour they had offered her.worth： adj.a.be worth + n.eg.Our house is worth about $ 60，000.b.be worth doing eg.The book is worth reading.=It's worth reading the book.n.值某金额的量 The thieves stole $ 1 million worth of jewellery.D选项正确答案：worthy to be bought 答案 B 17._________，it's very tidy.A.As her room is small B.Small as her room is C.As small her room is D.Small as her room as引导让步状语从句，句子需要倒状。Young as he is，Jack is already familiar with most of the books 答案 B 18.As _______ as possible he opened the door and went out into the cold December night.A.quiet B.quietly C.quite D.quietly quiet adj.安静的 答案 B quite adv.十分，很;quite big 19.I felt thoroughly ________ in the crowded Manhattan.A.wondered B.lost C.missed D.separated wondered 怀疑 lost 迷路 missed 丢失 separated 分开 答案 B 20.The city has decided to _______ all the old buildings.A.break away from B.get rid of C.come up with D.knock down break away from 1.挣脱 The prisoner broke away from his guards.2.脱离某政党、政府等 A province has broken away to form a new state.get rid of： 摆脱 The shop ordered 20 copies of the book and now it can't get rid of them.come up with sth.： 找到或提出(答案、办法等)She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.knock down： 拆除 These old houses are going to be knocked down.答案 D 21.When the school master is away，Mr.Johnson will be ______ the whole school.A.in charge of B.in favor of C.in honor of D.in regard to in charge of： 处于控制或支配的地位，负责 Who's in charge here?这儿谁负责? He was left in charge of the shop while the manager was away.in favor of sb./sth.： 支持某人/某事 Was he in favor of the death penalty? in honor of ： 出于对某人的敬意

a ceremony in honor of those killed in battle 为纪念阵亡将士举行的仪式

in/with regard to sb./sth.关于某人/某事 I have nothing to say with/ in regard to your complaints.答案 A 22.In his speech he _______ his experience as a teaching assistant.A.returned to B.referred to C.stuck to D.turned to return sth.(to sb./sth.)： 归还，放回

She returned the bird to its cages.她把鸟放回笼子里 Please return me my 5 yuan/ return my five yuan to me.Refer to sb./sth.： 提到，说到或涉及到某人(某事物)When I said some people are stupid，I wasn't referring to you.Don't refer to this matter again，please.请不要再提这件事。stick to sth.： 坚持或维持某事物 “Would you like some wine?”

“No，I'll stick to beer，thanks.” 不，我还是喝啤酒吧。turn to sb.(sth.)： 向某人(某事物)寻求帮助 She has nobody she can turn to.她求助无门。

The more depressed he got，the more he turned to drink.答案 B 23.He tried his best in the first game，but was ________ by the little boy.A.won B.hit C.beaten D.held A：win-won-won;赢得 B：hit 打 C：beat 打，D： hold-held-held 举行 答案 C 24.I wanted to go home but my wife _______ on going to the concert.A.persisted B.resisted C.insisted D.intended persisted：persist： persist in doing sth.坚持做某事

He will persist in riding that dreadful bicycle.resist+n 抵抗 intend： intend to do sth.想要做„„ 答案 C 25.The government gave several good ______ for increasing the tax on cigarettes.A.purposes B.reasons C.questions D.problems purpose 目的 reason 原因 question 问题 problem 问题 答案 B 26.Four people were seriously _______ in the accident.A.injured B.damaged C.spoiled D.broken injure 受伤

damage： 表示使被损坏的对象失去或降低其自身价值，但不完全毁掉。He damaged my car with a stone.ruin： 常强调完全毁掉。The storm has ruined the garden.spoil： 语气比ruin弱，不强调完全毁掉，表示使被害方失去其完美性。He spoiled his painting by putting too much red paint on it.spoil：有时也包含最终会导致完全毁掉之义。He has spoiled his constitution with bad living.答案 A 27.He spoke so quickly that I didn't ________ what he said.A.listen B.catch C.miss D.receive listen 听 listen to catch 抓住，听到 miss 丢失 receive 收到 28.He was poor but proud，and _______ every offer of help.A.turned down B.turned on C.turned off D.turned out turn down 拒绝 turn on 打开。turn on the light 开灯

turn off 关上。turn off the light turn out 证明为„„ 答案 A 29.In Britain，the best season of the year is probably _______ spring.A.later B.latter C.last D.late later 以后。latter 后者 last 最后 late 晚的 答案 D 30.How ________ is it from here to the city center? A.long B.far C.distant D.near how long 一段延续的时间

——How long have you studied English? ——I have studied English for 3 years(since 3 years ago)。答案 B 31.I wanted to go there by plane but I hadn't enough money to pay for the _____.A.journey B.distance C.road D.way journey 旅行 distance 距离 road 道路 way 方式方法 答案A 32.Her parents wouldn't _______ her to stay out later than 10：30 at night.A.require B.ask C.encourage D.permit stay out 不回家 require 要求 ask 要求 encourage 鼓励 permit 允许 答案 D 33.Last Sunday，________ my great surprise，I met Bullen in town.A.for B.to C.as D.at(to one's surprise 使某人感到惊奇)答案 B 34.Most Chinese like to drink tea.But some prefer coffee ________ tea.A.to B.with C.for D.against prefer„„to„„ 答案 A 35.I'm in no ________ this evening to listen to his silly jokes.A.feeling B.attitude C.opinion D.mood feeling 感情 attitude 态度 opinion 观点 mood 情绪 答案 D 36.Tennis is a _________ invented by an Englishman a hundred years ago.A.play B.match C.game D.event play： n.比赛，竞赛 The tennis players need total concentration during play.match 比赛 game 运动 event 事件 答案 C 37.That's the biggest ______ he has ever told in his life.A.talk B.speech C.lesson D.lie talk：give/have a talk 谈话

speech：make/deliver a speech 做演讲 lesson：teach a lesson： 教训 learn one's lesson： 汲取教训 lie：tell a lie 答案 D 38._______ that the jewels had been stolen by one of the guards.A.It turned up B.It turned out C.It turned on D.It turned over turn up： 露面，来到 We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7： 30，but he failed to turn up.turn out： turn out to be sb./sth.;turn out that„证明是某人(某物)，原来是┄┄ She turned out to be a friend of my sister./ It turned out that she was a friend of my sister.turn on 开灯

turn(sb./sth.)over： 翻身或翻转

She turned over and went to sleep.她转过身就睡着了。答案 B 39.“I'm tired，but let's go.” “Why _______ rest a while?”

A.let's B.not let's C.not D.let's not答案 C 40.“We won't be finished until tonight.” “And they _______.”

A.will，either B.won't，too C.will，neither D.won't，either 答案 D 41.“________?”

“A cup of tea，please.”

A.Do you like tea B.Do you like a cup of tea C.Would you like a cup of tea D.What would you like to drink 答案 D 42.“Do you mind if I open the window?”

“________.” A.Sure，certainly not B.All right C.I don't know D.Not at all 答案 D 词汇考试重点

考生除在学习中扩大词汇量外，还应注意词语的搭配、近义词的区别以及由同一个词构成的不同词组之间意义的区别。

1.The news is _______ good to be true.A.so„that B.much C.too D.very(答案 C)2.Don't hesitate to _______ me if you are in trouble.A.turn out B.turn in C.turn to D.turn up turn out： a.证明为 How did the party turn out? It turned out very well，thanks.b.turn sb.out： 赶走某人 My landlord is turning me out at the end of the month.turn in ： a.面朝内 b.go to bed.It's late.I think I'll turn in.c.turn sb.in 将某人交给警方拘押。She threatened to turn him in.turn to： turn to sb.向某人寻求帮助 The child turned to his mother for comfort.turn up： 露面 We arranaged to meet at the cinema at 7，but she failed to turn up.近义词之间的区别在于词的内涵不同„„如，汉语中的“错误”对应着英语中的mistake和fault，但两个词的内涵不一样，mistake单纯指所犯的错误，而fault则侧重于追究责任。There must be some mistakes in this bill;please add up the figures again.(add up 加起来)Whose fault is it that we're late? 我们迟到是谁的错?(责任在谁)有的近义词之间的区别在于词性不同或在句子中的用法不同。1.He likes _______ questions in English classes.A.to rise B.rising C.to raise D.to arise rise 不及物动词;arise 不及物动词 呈现出现 A new difficulty has arisen.出现了新困难。答案 C 2.I _________ have coffee than tea.A.like more B.prefer C.had better D.would rather prefer： prefer sth.to sth.更喜欢某事物。I prefer walking to cycling.答案 D 3.Mary and Jane are twin sisters.They look exactly_________.A.like B.same C.alike D.same ones A的正确答案应该在后面加名词。答案 C

2012年成人高考专升本英语模拟试卷

一、语音知识(共5小题；每题1.5分，共7.5分。)在下列每组单词中，有一个单词的划线部分与其他单词的划线部分的读音不同。找出这个词。

（）1.A.horrible B.horse C.sort D.northern（）2.A.hospital B.honour C.hotel D.however（）3.A.manage B.matter C.madam D.many（）4.A.gather B.government C.geography D.garden（）5.A.bathroom B.eleventh C.breathe D.maths II.Vocabulary and Structure（）6.They all look so happy.They have succeeded in persuading their teacher.A.can B.will C.must D.would（）7.A fight broke out among the football fans and soon it went control.A.under B.beyond C.above D.over（）8.Not only you but also I __________ mistaken.A.am B.had C.were D.have（）9.Hard as he worked from day till night，he couldn't make enough money to support his family.A.and B.but C.therefore D.不填（）10.George this morning？

－Not yet，but he is sure to be here before noon.A.Will you see B.Did you see C.Do you see D.Have you seen（）11.After a long discussion，the workers have finally the decision that they should hold on their strike for two more days.A.received B.found C.explained D.reached（）12.Next weekend he will visit the airbase he worked 25 years ago.A.when B.as C.where D.which（）13.The sports team of our province won they did at the last National Games.A.twice as many gold medals as B.as many twice gold medals as C.as many as twice gold medals D.twice many gold medals than（）14.Let's go out for a walk along the river banD.A.What a fine day B.What fine day C.How fine day D.How a fine day（）15.It remains a question when the new classroom building.A.will be completed B.had been completed C.would be completed D.has been completed（）16.While we boys were working hard in the garden，our sisters themselves in the sitting room.A.had enjoyed B.enjoy C.were enjoying D.would enjoy（）17.The pressure on the object in the water changes with the depth.，the further down you go，the greater the pressure is.A.In other words B.In another word C.By the way D.In a way（）18.The Yangtze is the longest river in China，which some more bridges have been built in the past few years.A.onto B.through C.above D.over（）19.My mother knows Jane； they to each other at a party.A.have been introduced B.are introduced C.were introduced D.had been introduced（）20.I'm sure he understands you feel.He's very clever.A.when B.what C.whether D.how（）21.In those days we seldom went to the theatre，but we saw films A.now and then B.after a time C.once and again D.in a while（）22.Many things impossible in the past are quite common today.A.having been considered B.to be considered C.considering D.considered（）23.I'm not naturally a morning person，I have three clocks set for about 6：30 a.m.A.because B.so C.though D.all（）24.that the family had taken with them was one bottle of orange.A.Anything B.Everything C.What D.All（）25.The newspapers and magazines in the reading-room outside.A.are not to be taken B.are not to take C.are not to be taken to D.are not taken to（）26.A pipeline will be built to some eastern provinces with natural gas from the west of China.A.supply B.send C.sell D.offer（）27.Is it really necessary to spend an hour in the bathroom every morning your hair？

A.to comb B.comb C.combing D.combs（）28.he first heard of the chemist.A.That was from the teacher that B.It was the teacher whom C.It was from the teacher that D.That was the teacher whom（）29.Passengers are advised not their bags unattende D.A.having left B.to leave C.leave D.leaving（）30.has been pointed out before，air pollution is becoming more and more serious in large cities.A.That B.What C.Which D.As（）31.Your mother ____for you everywhere.Where have you been？ A.had looked B.has been looking C.looked D.was looking（）32.Mr.Wilson asked me if thse islands_________Italy.A.have been belonged to B.are belong to C.belong to D.belonged to（）33.He _______TV when I dropped in last night.A.was watching B.had watched C.watched D.have been watching（）34.He ______many experiences he ever_____in his childhoo D.A.gradually forget； had B.is gradually forgetting； had C.was gradually forgetting； had had D.have gradually forgotten； had（）35.Accidents happened frequently at that section of the road，but no accidents_____since last winter.A.have accurred B.doesn't have C.didn't have D.hasn't have（）36.When he_____a new word in reading he_____consult the dictionary immediately.A.comes across；likes to B.came across；like to C.has come across； like to D.comes across；like to（）37.I hope that she______to the demands of the naughty boys.A.will not have agreed B.will not agree C.will not be agreed D.will not have been agreed（）38.“Is the monitor in？” “He _____to the library.” A.has been B.has gone C.goes D.went（）39.She gave me that notebook on my birthday，and I____it it in my drawer.A.have since kept B.since kept C.am since keeping D.had since kept（）40.You ought to have put the milk in the refrigetor，now_____sour.A.it is smelt B.I smelt C.it smells D.it was smelling（）41.I bought the bread last week.It_____stale.You'd better not take it now.A.is going B.was C.had been D.is about to（）42.He had already known the news before I _____him of it.A.had informed B.could inform C.would inform D.have informed（）43.He_____for six years by the time he takes the IELTS examination next week.A.studied English B.had been studying English C.studies English D.will have been studying English（）44.The school authorities and teachers _____over the advantages and disadvantages of the educational system.A.were always argued B.were always arguing C.had always argued D.had always been argued（）45.When I saw her smiling face，I knew she_____the first prize of the speech contest.A.has B.has had C.had had D.was having（）46.The united States______fifty states.A.consisted of B.is consisted of C.consistes of D.consists（）47.The Chinese food_____delicious.A.are tasted B.taste C.is tasted D.tastes（）48.Your hair needs_____.You'd better have it_____tomorrow.A.cutting； done B.cutting；to be done C.being cut；done D.to be cut；to be done（）49._______，wood will soon burst into a flame.A.Heating B.when heating C.Being heated D.When heated（）50.“How do you like your new position？” “I_____with it.” A.don't satisfy B.am not satisfied C.can't satisfy D.haven't satisfy（）51.there are more than fifty proposals______at the conference.A.discussed B.to be discussed C.discussing D.having discussed（）52.By the end of last year the railway_______.A.was being completed B.would be completed C.had completed D.had finally been completed（）53.By the time the author comes back from abroad，all the books_______.A.will have punished B.will have been punished C.will be punished D.have been punished（）54.I wondered____to come for the party.A.should he been asked B.he asked C.if he should have been asked D.if he should have asked（）55.Some forms of physical education_____by schools across the nation.A.have been practised B.practised C.which practised D.have practiced

III.Reading Comprehension

A

I was 14 when Mr.Ingram knocked on our farmhouse door in Sacred Heart，Okla.The old farmer lived about a mile down the road and needed help cutting grass.It was the first time I was actually paid for work-about 12 cents an hour，not bad when you consider it was 1939，a time when there was little business activity.Mr.Ingram liked the job I did and ended up hiring me to dig potatoes.I even helped when a baby cow was being born.One day he found an old truck that was stuck in the soft，sandy soil of the melon（瓜）fielD.It was full of melons that someone had tried to steal before their truck got stuck.Mr.Ingram explained that the truck's owner would be returning soon，and he wanted me to watch and lean.It wasn't long before a man from a nearby village，who had a terrible reputation（名声）for fighting and stealing，showed up with his two full-grown sons.They looked very angry.Calmly Mr.Ingram said，“Well，I see you want to buy some watermelons.”

There was a long silence before the man answered，“Yeah，I guess so.What are you getting for them？”

“Twenty-five cents each.”

“Well.I guess that would be fair enough if you help me get my truck out of here.”

It turned out to be our biggest sale of the summer，and an unpleasant，perhaps unfortunate，incident had been preventeD.After they left，Mr.Ingram smiled and said to me，“Son，if you don't forgive（原谅）your enemies，you're going to run out of friends.” Mr.Ingram died a few years later，but I have never forgotten him or what he taught me on my first joB.（）56.Which of the following best explains “ended up” as is used in the passage ？

A.enjoyed B.finished C.got into D.went on

（）57.The truck owners were angry because.A.they failed to get the melons away without being seen

B.they forgot to have their truck checked before they started

C.they had got too many melons on the truck

D.they knew they had a bad reputation

（）58.Why didn't the truck owners fight to get away the melons.A.The old farmer was a strong enemy.B.The price offered for the melons was very low.C.It was hard to start a fight against friendly people.D.It was necessary to get the truck out before anything

B

You get all sorts of demands，and the mark of a good hotel is to supply whatever is asked for without sounding surprise

D.If a guest asks for rubber glover（手套），you don't ask why.You say，“No problem.What colour do you want？”

There have been some demands which，much as I would have liked to fill，I couldn't.A Japanese businessman，for example，thought the manager of a hotel was like the captain of a ship so he asked me to marry him and the woman he love

D.There was one time，however，we did help out.A young man thought that if he asked his girlfriend to marry him at the Ritz she would say yes.He asked us to pt the ring in a cake，and she accepteD.Top hotels are used more and more to impress.They are used for doing business.If you've got something to sell，take your clients（客户）to the best hotel where the surroundings are quite helpful.A friend of mine working at Savoy Hotel tells the story about a man who gave him 5 pounds to say “ good morning，Mr.Smith” when he walked through the door with two other men.This he did，and could hear Mr.Smith saying，“I do wish they would leave me alone at this place.”

According to Julian Payne，the most powerful people in any hotel are the porters，who carry bags for hotel guests.“Porters can do almost anything.They can get you tables at the best restaurants r tickets for a popular concert.Don't ask me how they do it or what their deal is because I don't know.Most of them have been there for years.They know more about the history of the hotel and the guests than anyone else.They are invaluable.A head porter will come in even on his day off so he can say hello to someone he remembers visiting the hotel years ago.”

（）59.When guests ask for something strange，the manager of a good hotel would think_________.A.how he can meet their needs B.why they have such demands

C.what problems the hotel has D.who is the best person to go to

（）60.Which of the following examples explains “we did help out”？

A.The hotel bought a ring for a young lady.B.A Japanese married the woman he love

C.The manager once acted as a captain.D.A young lady agreed to marry her boyfrienD.（）61.By saying “I do wish they would leave me alone at this place，” Mr.Smith.A.showed that he disliked such people at the hotel

B.gave the impression that he was a constant guest

C.tried to make his clients feel sorry for him

D.sounded as if he was tired of such greetings

（）62.Why are the porters considered the most powerful people in expensive hotels？

A.they sell tickets for converts.B.they can complete difficult tasks.C.they know the history of hotels.D.They usually work in a hotel for a long time.C

Take a deep breath and spend a week with the Lee family in Minneapolis.The three older children-Anna，12，Nathan，9，and Kristian，7-play one sport or another almost all year roun

D.（Lisa is only 1 so she gets a break here.）Anna's practicing football，volleyball，basketball and softball.Nathan and Kristian do them all except volleyball.In the summer，add on tennis and swim lessons.All of this means that dad，Darwin，a teacher，and mom，Joann，a nurse，spend a lot of time making sure everyone gets where he needs to be.Family dimmers？ Forget about it.A busy family timetable，says Barbara Carlson.A school teacher，has become the new thing that shows your status（地位）。“ It used to be a house or car，” says Carlson.“Now you say，' You' er busy？ You should see how busy we are.'”

In hope of getting their children into Harvard，many parents send their children to violin lessons at 3 and sign them up for tennis as soon as they're big enough to hold a bat.And that's just the warm-up.The real serious task begins as soon as they start school.Mr.Moffat，father of a nine-year-old boy，said，“It's important for children to learn honour and responsibility（责任），” he says.“It builds discipline（纪律性）and character.”

Maybe，but scientists say that too many outside activities destroy something children need even moreif they agree to spend 18 dollars a month on the company's educational toys and childcare books.“We want to build a seven-year relationship with those people，” said Matthew J.Estes，BabyCare's president.“It starts during pregnancy（孕期），when the anxiety and needs are highest.” BabyCare works on a one-to-one basis.Doctors，nurses，and teachers-paid by BabyCare-advise parents，explaining toys that are designed for children at each stage（阶段）of development to age six.BabyCare opened its first store in China last June in a shopping center in central Beijing and another near Beijing Zoo.It plans to have 80 stores in China within six years.It is a new model for China and develops a market in young children's education and health that no other companies are in.（）67.What do the first two paragraphs mainly tell us？

A.Educational toys and foreign toy markets.B.Problems with China's toy Markey and education.C.Reasons for pushing sales of educational toys in China.D.Baby population and various kinds of toys made in China.（）68.Which of the following is a fact according to the passage？

A.Club members buy BabyCare products for free child-care advice.B.Doctors in Beijing help in making BabyCare products.C.Parents are encouraged to pay $ 18 for club activities.D.BabyCare trains Chinese doctors at no extra cost.（）69.BabyCare is developing its business in China buy.A.opening stores in Beijing hospitals

B.offering 18-month courses on child-care

C.setting up children's education centers

D.forming close relationships with parents

（）70.Which of the following would be the most suitable title for the passage？

A.Mother's club in China B.BavyCare and Doctors

C.American Company Model D.Educational Toys On

IV.Daily Conversation

A.yes，of course.B.I'm sorry，but he is not in.C.Here you are.D.No.It began after I got there.E.OK，fine.F.Have you？

G.Yes，I've already done that.H.Yes.I will.Thank you.（）71.Tom： Would you mind passing me the salt？

Tony：_________________.（）72.Amy： Do you think you could show me the way to the library？

Ronald：_________________.（）73.Peter： Did you miss the beginning of the concert yesterday？

Andrew：___________________.（）74.Simon： Could I see Dr.Brown，please？

Gary：____________________.（）75.John： I'd like to book five tickets，please，for the earky morning flight to Paris on June 10th.Jane： Five tickets.________________.V.Writing

Direction： For this part，you are supposed to write an announcement in 100-120 words based on the following situation.Remember to write it clearly

假定你是Jack，给在无锡新区工作的笔友王强写信，要点如下：，1.非常高兴得知王强在准备高考，并鼓励他一定能克服各种困难取得好成绩。

2.告诉他你将去无锡旅游，你将乘火车于5月1日早晨6点到达，请他接站，并请他帮你安排1至4日的住宿（旅馆最好靠近市中心，房间可以小一些，但不要太贵）。

3.此外，你还要他帮你订5日返回上海的火车票。

注意：词数应为120左右。

第二篇：成人高考专升本英语作文

成人高考专升本英语作文范文八篇

第一篇：

金钱是一切吗？In Money Everything？

I don„t think money is everything，but we can‟t do without it.Fox example，money can„t buy us happiness and a good education.And for another example，money can‟t buy us good health and a long life.But we can not live without money.We need it for our daily necessities such as food，clothes and transportation.What„s more，we need it to live a better life.In short，we should learn the value of money and make the most of its advantages.第二篇：

1.一些人喜欢住在城市，因为城市生活有许多便利。

2.但有些人喜欢住在农村。

3.我认为，……

Where to live —in the City or in the Country

Some people like living in the city because city life has many advantages.They think there are more job opportunities in cities，life there is more colorful and meaningful than that in the country，and there are more modern conveniences in cities for people to enjoy.But some other people prefer to live in the countryside.They say life in the countryside is closer to nature and better for their health，life there is quieter and that country people are more honest than city

people.I would like to live in a city when I am young to earn enough money and I live in the countryside when I am old for having a quite life.第三篇：

你叫李平，是英语系学生会主席。写一封信给王教授，请他做一个有关中国历史的报告。注意信中要包括目的、时间、日期和地点。

Ⅴ。Writing

May 19，2002

Dear Professor Wang：

On behalf of the Student Union of the English Department，I am writing to invite you to give a lecture on Chinese history.We have planned to have such a lecture at 2：30 p.m.in Lecture Hall 419，on May 25.Looking forward to your lecture.Inform us in advance if you can not come.Sincerely yours，Li Ping

第四篇：

男女应该平等吗？(Should Men and Women Be Equal？)

Should Men and Women Be Equal？

People have different ideas about this issue，Some people say that men are superior to women in ability because men are physically stronger，do most of the hard labor in the world and hold most important positions.Other people believe that women have the ability to compete with men.There have been many famous women state leaders and great scientists in the world.We should fully carry out the principle “to each according to his work” so that the enthusiasm of both men and women for work can be fully aroused.第五篇：

1.在中国，自行车是最为流行的交通工具。

2.骑自行车有许多好处。

3.自行车的未来……

The Bicycle in China

The bicycle is the most popular means of transportation in China.China is a country “on bicycle wheels”。People ride them for various purposes such as going to and from school and work.Bicycles are very cheap and easy to buy in China.There are many advantages to riding a bicycle.First，using a bicycle can greatly help reduce the air pollution in many big cities.Second，people can improve their health by riding a bicycle.The future of bicycle will be bright.In some European countries，city governments have arranged pedestrians to use “public bicycles” to travel round the city center free of charge.第六篇：

你是Helen，要写一封信给Julie，对她和她的丈夫昨日请你和你丈夫吃饭表示感谢，表示要回请他们，以答谢他们的盛情款待。

Dear Julie：

Thank you very much for the dinner that you invited my husband and I to yesterday.The food not only looked and smelled fabulous but tasted great，and my husband and I enjoyed it very much.Therefore，we would like to invite you to dinner at 7 p.m.this Friday at the Northwest Chinese restaurant to return your kindness and hospitality.Please do come.Yours，Helen

第七篇：

1.假冒伪劣商品是个严重问题。

2.一些原因导致了这种现象。

3.为了扫除假冒伪劣商品，……

Fake Commodities

Fake and poor quality commodities are a serious problem.Many things can be faked such as

soybean sauce，vinegar，bicycles，and many other things.The interests of consumers are affected，and many enterprises keep losing money because of cheap fake commodities.There are some reasons for such a phenomenon.The major one is the desire of some people to “make easy money”。These people think nothing of the law of the protection of intellectual property rights.To get rid of fake and poor quality commodities，the government should educate people to obey the law of the protection of individual intellectual property rights and not to sell any fake goods.The government should punish severely and close down all the factories producing fake goods.第八篇：

你是Alice.你的朋友Bonnie很快就要到你的乡间小屋拜访，但你却要出去一会儿。留一张便条给她，告诉她食品在哪儿，告诉她一个人在屋里时应注意些什么。

May 18，2002

Dear Bonnie：

I will be away for a while.The key to the cottage is under the doormat，and the food is in the

refrigerator.After entering the house，lock the door from inside at once.The cottage is far away from the nearest town，and the area is not quite safe from burglars.So I think the saying is right “Where there is precaution，there is no danger”。

Have a nice stay here.Yours，Alice

第三篇：成人高考专升本英语作文

2003年成考专升本英语作文：

题目：写信邀请朋友参加你的生日聚会。

信的内容包括：

(1)告知对方聚会的具体时间、地点;

(2)到达聚会地点的行车路线及便利的交通工具;

(3)要求对方就是否能参加聚会做回复。Dear Peter，My girlfriend, Mary, and I would like it very much if you would be our guest on my 25th birthday party on December 15 at 10 a.m.The party is to be held in Dongfang Hotel and you can take a Bus No.81 from your company to Zhongshan Market Stop.Then you can change to a Bus No.18 which will take you straight to the hotel.We are really looking forward to seeing you again.Please write soon and tell us if you can come.Yours, Mark 2004年成考专升本英语作文：

题目：英语系的钱教授要为本系学生作一个讲座。请写出一则关于这个讲座的通知，通知内容包括以下几个方面：

(1)讲座的主题和主要内容;

(2)讲座的时间和地点;

(3)参加讲座的对象;

(4)要求本专业的学生在讲座之后进行一次讨论。

Announcement Attention All Students，Professor Qian of our English Department will give us a lecture on English Business Letters in the Lecture Theatre on Friday, April 15th, 2004, at 2∶30 p.m.The lecture includes: the structure of business letters, the language stylistics of business letters, etc.All the students of English Department are expected to be present, and the students of other departments are also warmly welcome.Please be there on time.All foreign language students are requested to have a discussion about his lecture.If the students have any questions to ask prof.Qian, write them on a slip of paper and hand them in before Friday, April 12, 2004.2009年成考专升本英语作文：

题目：你(Li Yuan)是某大学志愿者小组的组织者，请简要介绍该小组的情况，内容包括：

(1)志愿者小组成立的时间、小组规模、小组成员的构成：

(2)小组的主要活动(如：关心贫困学生和孤儿、帮助需要照顾的老人和家庭等);

(3)开展志愿者小组活动的意义，欢迎更多人加入。

Our volunteer committee was founded on Spertember5th, 2007.Now, we have our own place to hold all kinds of meetings.At present,this volunteer committee consists of 200 persons, except students in our University , we also have students coming from the other Universities ,such as Beijing Normal University , Foreign Language Study University„„„ and so on.We carry out various activities , like carrying for poor pupils and orphans , and looking after the elderly persons and their housework.In my opinion , being a volunteer and giving those who need your help a hand is very interesting and joyful ,welcome you to join us.2010年成考专升本英语作文：

题目：你（Li Yuan）刚收到订购的意见商品，但是发现质量有问题，请你写一封投诉信，内容包括：

1.商品名称、订购时间、地点和价格； 2.何时发现质量问题、何种质量问题； 3.你所希望的解决方式。Manager Customer Service Department Dear Sir or Madam，I am a customer who bought a Nokia 2600 type mobile phone for 2600 Yuan from your company on 2010-9-1.I am afraid I really must complain about the quality of this product.After using the mobile phone for two days several problems have been found.First, the mobile phone could not send text massages any more.If I sent massages, it would suggest that there were some problems with the phone, which have made a lot of trouble to me.Second, the camera couldn’t work as well as before.As soon as I took pictures, there were no pictures kept in the picture files.This kind of problem caused me a lot of troubles.I have gone to your company to explain the problem twice.But because of some reason, the problem has still not been solved.I prefer to tell you directly in the hope that you will do something to solve my problem.I will be appreciative if you either make a refund or sent me a replacement.Thank you for your attention to this matter.I am looking forward to hearing from you in the very near future.Sincerely Yours, Li Yuan

2011年成考专升本英语作文：

题目：请以低碳生活（a low carbon life）为主题写一篇100-120词的短文，内容包括：

1.流行低碳生活的背景（如：极端气候、各种灾害、环境污染等）；

2.实施低碳生活的若干方式（如家庭生活、工作学习、外出旅行中的节约行为等）； 3.低碳生活带来的积极影响。

A Low-carbon Life

With the rapid development of the economy ,the issue of environment pollution is more and more serious,notably global warming.So the extreme weather events and natural disasters were inevitable.Man is making the earth sicker and sicker.Therefore,we should live a low carbon life.First of all,when we go out,we should but also waste energy.Second,we had best not use plastic bags which can bring about the white pollution.We should use the environmentally friendly bags.Third,it's of great use to plant trees.Trees can absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen.Finally,we should start with small things,Therefore,as students,we ought to turn out the lights the moment we leave,turn off the tap in time,and reuse our textbooks and so on.A low carbon life can be of great use for us.It can help save energy and cut down the pullution.It can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide that is the main cause of greenhouse effect,and can help keep our environment beautiful and clean.Let’s do together,make our life better.2012年成考专升本英语作文：

题目：你(Li Yuan)负责组织一次班级郊游活动。请根据以下提示写一份通知： 本次郊游的时间和地点;.郊游的具体活动内容;要求各自准备一道菜或点心与大家分享;列出必带物品，如：相机，雨衣/雨伞、遮阳帽、手电筒等;.感谢大家的合作。Notice

Hi，Everyone，here a good news.We will hold a class outing this Sunday at 7:00 a.m.in the BeiHai Park.We will go to the park by bus at 6:00 a.m.,so don't be late.We will enjoy

some shows provided by our students in the morning.And in the afternoon,we will do some games to enjoy us.Everyone is asked for a dish or a dessert to share with other people.At the same time ,don't forget to bring your camera,raincoat,sunbonnet,flashlight and so on.Thank you for cooperation!

Li Yuan 2013年成考专升本英语作文：

题目：你(Li Yuan)收到朋友Xiao Ming的Email，他在邮件中谈及买车计划。请在回信中说明你对买车的看法，内容包括：

(1)私家车的好处(如舒适、便捷)

(2)私家车的弊端(如交通拥挤、环境污染、停车困难等)

(3)你的建议 Dear Xiao Ming，First of all ,I am happy that you will buy car.In recently years, improvement of life condition,more and more family have private cars.It’s convenient to go everywhere in your own car.You don’t need to spend too much time for wiating buses.Also owning a car makes others think the person is very rich.As the sayig goes,”A coin has two sides.”On the other hand,cars provide convenience for our life.You can drive the cars getting around easily.On the other hand,with the sharp increase of private cars,the air pollution becomes worse，the traffic jam is more serious,the road accidents more frequently occur.Moreover,it is hard to find a place to park the car and it is costly too.So if possible,take a walk instead of a drive.In my opinion,there is no doubt that it is very convenient drive to periphery city travel ,but consider the traffic jam and the parking problem,I sugguest you go to you office by bus,fast and safe.2014年成考专升本英语作文：

题目：你(Li Yuan)的班级即将组织一次郊游(picnic)，请你给你的外籍教师(Steve)写封信，内容包括：

·邀请他参加此项活动;

·介绍活动的具体安排和内容(如时间、地点等);·告知需要做的准备(如着装、自备午餐等);

·希望他参加并尽快给予答复。范文一：

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen，My name is Li Hua.I have the honor of being your guide.I'd like to give you a brief introduction to our field trip today.First, we'll start at 8:30 from school and get to the foot of the mountain at about 9:00.Then we'll the climb the mountain.It'll take about one hour to reach the top where stand some temples.We are free to look around the temples from 10:00 to 12:00.Besides, we'll have lunch there.After a short break, we'll go down the other side of the mountain at 2:00 pm.We plan to reach the riverside at about 3:00 pm.We'll go on to our trip down the river by boat and enjoy the scenery.Finally we'll be back at school at about 5:00 pm.That's all for today's arrangement.I wish you all a wonderful day.Thanks.A picnic will be held in this Sunday at 7:00 a.m.in the BeiHai Park.We will go to the park by bus at 6:00 a.m., so dont be late.We will enjoysome shows provided by our students in the morning.And in the afternoon, we will do some games to enjoy us.Thank you for cooperation!LiYuan 范文二：

Dear Ms Smith, I’m Li Yuan, Monitor of Class One, Gra303676080de Three.Our class will go for an outing to Jingyuetan National Forest Park next Tuesday.I’m writing to invite you to join us.We’ll meet at the gate of our school at 8:00 a.m.to take a bus.After we reach the park, we are going to climb the mountain, go hiking and have a picnic in the forest.Also , we will take boats to enjoy its natural scenery.We will be back at school at about 5:00 p.m.I am sure that it will be a very wonderful trip and we all hope that you will accept our Q303676080invitation.Looking forward to your reply.Dear Ms Steve, I’m Li Yuan, Monitor of Class One, Grade Three.Our class will go for an outing to Jingyuetan National Forest Park next Tuesday.I’m writing to invite you to join us.We’ll meet at the gate of our school at 8:00 a.m.to take a bus.After we reach the park, we are going to climb the mountain, go hiking and have a picnic in the forest.Also , we will take boats to enjoy its natural scenery.We will be back at school at about 5:00 p.m.I am sure that it will be a very wonderfu303676080l trip and we all hope that you will accept our invitation.Looking forward to your reply 范文三：

Attention please!Our class is going to have a pinic in ZhongShan Park.With the hot weather taken into consideration, 9 o'clock this Sunday morning is a perfect time to start off.Although the scenery will be fantastic, yet everyone should remember that we have to deal with the lunch problem.Therefore, everyone is requested to make one dish to share.Another thing I should remind you is to carry some necessary things such as camera、raincoat、sunbonnet and flashlight just in case of emergency.Lastly, thank you for your cooperation 2015年成考专升本英语作文：

题目：你(Li Yuan)在英语学习中遇到了一些困难，希望得到帮助。请给你的英国笔友(Jason)写封信，内容包括：

·介绍你学习英语的经历;

·描述你在英语学习中遇到的困难;

·希望笔友给你一些建议。Dear Mr.Jason，I am a high school student and now I am going to take the College Entrance Examination.I am writing to you about my difficulties in learning English.In fact, I do well in other subjects, but English is my headache.I can't remember the new words and expressions I learned in class.So I often make a lot of mistakes in multiple choices and can't understand the articles fully because of my poor vocabulary.What's worse, I have trouble in listening to English.I totally can't understand what those people are talking in English.What should I do? You are an expert in teaching students English.I hope you can give me some suggestions to help me solve my problem.Looking forward to your reply.Yours, Li Yuan 2016年成考专升本英语作文：

题目：你(Li Yuan)是班长，准备周末组织全班同学参观历史博物馆（the Museum of History）,请根据以下提示写一个通知：

1.周六上午8点全班在校门口集合，乘公共汽车前往； 2.参观时，要认真听讲并记录重要内容；

3.遵守参观规定，如：馆内不得喧哗、拍照，勿带食品饮料入馆； 4.下周五之前交一份参观报告。Fellow students，We are going to visit the Science Museum tomorrow.We will meet at the school gate at eight in the morning and we will go there on foot.Take your pens and notebooks with you.We should listen and watch carefully and write down something interesting when you visit the museum.Please don't make any noise in the museum and don't take any pictures.You will have to hand in a report about the visit next Friday.Thank you.一位学者将在你所在的社区做一个讲座。请以社区委员会(Neighborhoods Committee)的名义写一份通知。内容包括：

(1)谁做讲座;(2)讲座主题;(3)讲座的时间、地点;(4)讲座对象。

2017年成人高考专升本英语考试作文范文：讲座 LECTURE NOTICE March l2，2012 Dear Neighborhoods，Nowadays，the crime among teenagers seems in—creasin9，SO we invite a famous professor，Dr.Li Zhigangfrom Beijing Normal University to give a lecture on thetopic“Teenagers’Education at Home”.This lecture could be very helpful to us who aredoubtful in how to communicate with our own children，who feel difficult to control our children，who don’t knowhow to deal with the problems our children face and SOon.We will have personal discussion with the professorafter the lecture if you need any help from him.The lecture will begin at 8：00 P.m.Friday.in theMeeting Room，Buildin94.One member，at least fromeach family，is required to attend.Please be there on time.If you have any problem to be present.please call 54312789.Neighborhoods’Committee

你是Helen，要写一封信给Julie，对她和她的丈夫昨日请你和你丈夫吃饭表示感谢，表示要回请他们，以答谢他们的盛情款待。Dear Julie：

Thank you very much for the dinner that you invited my husband and I to yesterday.The food not only looked and smelled fabulous but tasted great,and my husband and I enjoyed it very much.Therefore,we would like to invite you to dinner at 7 p.m.this Friday at the Northwest Chinese restaurant to return your kindness and hospitality.Please do come.Yours, Helen

第四篇：成人高考-专升本英语复习资料

专升本英语词汇和语法考点总结

词汇

一、名词和代词

一）重点名词和代词辨析

1、result，effect，outcome，ending，consequence，fruit result 普通用词，多指好的结果.另：比分，成绩；effect 名词：效果，影响。动词：实现；outcome 多指成就，成果；ending 结局，结尾；consequence 多指不良的结果，后果；fruit 水果，产物。

2、feature，appearance，virtue，character，characteristics feature 1，特色，2，面貌，相貌；appearance

1，出现，露面 2，外观，外貌，外表；virtue 1，美德，2，优点，长处；character 特征，品质，角色；characteristics 特性，特色。

3、accident，incident，event，conflict，trouble，occurrence，crash，crisis accident 事故，意外。意想不到的事情，往往引起损伤或伤害；incident

事件，小插曲。事变（外交，政治中的政变）；event 特指重大事件；conflict 冲突，矛盾；trouble 烦恼，麻烦；occurrence 1，发生，出现。2，突发事件；crash 使(飞机)坠毁、使(车辆)猛撞等；crisis 危机，紧急关头。

4、currency，income，wage，bonus，salary，award，reward，fee，allowance，honour，benefit，profit，interest，prize，wealth，capital，money，cash，coin,fund,debt,loan currency 流通货币，经济学用词；Income 泛指收入；Wage 特指工资；Bonus 指提成的奖金；Salary = wage + bonus 薪水；Award 授予的奖项，包括奖励的奖金；Reward 回报，报酬，酬金；Fee 泛指费用；Allowance 表示津贴，补贴；honour 荣誉，名誉。常用 in honour of，以„.为纪念，向„表示敬意；benefit 名词：利益。动词：对….有益 be benefit to；profit 名词：1，好处，益处。2，利润。动词：有益于，有利于 vt，及物动词；interest 名词：1，兴趣，爱好，2，利息。动专升本大纲词汇表

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词：对….感兴趣；prize 奖金，奖品；Wealth 财产，财富。既可指金钱财富，也可指精神财富；Capital 可以是形容词和名词。1，形容词：大写的，首要的，首都的。2，名词：大写字母，首都，表示金钱时指：本钱，本金；Money 钱的统称，可以是纸币，也可以是硬币，也可以是用作货币的其他物品；Cash 指可以兑换的现金或现款；Coin 硬币;fund基金；debt债务；loan 贷款，借款。

5、consideration，intention，determination，judgement，opinion，estimate，evaluation consideration 1，考虑，2，照顾，关心；intention 意图，目的；determination 决心，决定；judgement/ judgment 判断，审判，裁决；opinion 观点，想法；estimate 估计，估价；Evaluation

评价，估价。

6、observation，obligation，objection，obstacle，object，obedience observation 注意，观察；obligation 义务，责任；objection 反对；obstacle

阻碍，障碍；object 名词：物体，对象。动词：object反对+ to；obedience 服从，遵守。

7、position，career，profession，work，job，occupation，vocation，employment position 职位，职务。另：方位，位置，态度，立场等；career 职业生涯，终生从事的职业；profession 尤指需要专门知识或特殊训练的)职业(如医学、法律、工程、教学等)；work 强调工作的内容，不可数。可以做动词；job，强调工作的份数，可数；occupation 经常担任的行业，不一定有报酬。常常用于写简历； vocation 是指经过训练后从事的职业，需要一定职业技能；employment 带有雇佣关系的职业，领取工资以谋生计，有较固定工作的职业。

8、pace，rhythm，step，measure，rate，ratio，speed，pace 步伐，节奏；rhythm(文学、艺术、戏剧等中的)节奏，韵律；step 脚步，台阶，阶层；measure 1，措施。2，测量，度量；rate 比例。常见搭配： at the rate of 以...的速度或比例；ratio 专业术语，比例，比率。用于经济学，数学，法律中，等；Speed 速度。常见搭配：At the speed of。

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9、cheque，receipt，ticket，label，mark，sign，signal，symbol，code，stamp cheque 支票 ；receipt

收据，发票；ticket 普通用词，票 ；label 标签，标记。指详细的表示，如商品标签；mark 商标，标志。简单的记号。多指商标；sign 符号，记号。如交通标志；signal 信号 ；symbol 符号，象征。指具有象征意义的标志，如十字架标志；code 密码，代码 ；stamp 邮票。

10、size，length，height，breadth，width

size 尺寸，大小 ；length 长度 ；height 高度，身高 ；breadth 宽度，幅度。不但可以指物体的宽度。=width，还可以指胸襟、见解、观点、兴趣等的)宽广，宽宏(大度)。

11、mind，view，vision，landscape，picture，look，mood，temper，humor，passion，emotion，spirit，feeling，attitude mind 观点，想法。心里想的观点；view 看法，观点，看见的东西产生的观点另：景色；Vision 视觉，视力，视野。书面用词，含义广泛，指人的视力或视野，也可指远见卓识；Landscape 风景；Picture 画面；Look 动词：看。名词：表情，神情；mood 心情,情绪；temper 脾气。Lose one’s temper , out of temper；humor 幽默，诙谐；passion 激情，热情；emotion 情感，情绪。(如爱、恨、惧、忧、怒等)；spirit 精神，心灵，灵魂；Feeling 感觉；Attitude 态度。

12、assurance，insurance，guarantee，safety assurance 1，保证。2，保险，主要指人寿保险；insurance 任何类型的保险，也可指人寿保险；guarantee 保证书，保质期；safety 安全，平安。

13、no，none，neither，nothing，anything，something，one… the other, some ….The others, others, the others, another no 形容词，修饰名词或代词；none 三者以上都不；neither 两者都不；nothing but 只不过；anything + but 根本不，绝不；one….the other 一个，另一个；some ….the others, 一些，另一些；others,= other thing/ people；the others = the rest；another 泛指另一个，没有一定的范围限制。在一定的范围之内，一个另专升本大纲词汇表

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一个用one….the other，一定范围内三者以上，除去一部分，另一部分用 the others。

14、the other day，the next day，the following day，in two days，the other day 几天前；the next day = the following day 第二天，次日；In two days 两天之内。将来的时间。

15、among，between，one another，each other among 用于 三者以上的人之间；between 用于两者之间；one another 用于三者以上；each other 用于两者之间。二）名词固定搭配

1，balance between平衡；2，difference between 差异；3，link between 联系；4，Ambition for

雄心，抱负，野心；5，sympathy for 对....的同情；

6，confidence in 对....有信心；7，belief in 相信。Believe in 相信；8，success in 成功

succeed in；9，dependence on 依赖于。Depend on 动词形式；10，emphasis on 强调；11，impact on 对...的影响，对...的冲击；12，influence on 影响；13，pressure on 对...有压力；14，stress on强调，重视；15，advantage over 优越于；16，have/gain access to 接近，使用;17，attention to 注意；18，attitude to 态度，看法；19，exposure to。动词：expose to 暴露于，曝光于。20，（in）response to 相应；21，（in）accordance with 与....保持一致；22，association with associate with 与....有关；23，combination with。Combine with 同....结合,24，compromise with 放弃，妥协；25，contact with 与....接触，联系；26，encounter with 与....相遇

二、动词 一）重点动词辨析

1、Occur；happen；take place。

Happen强调偶然性；take place指有计划的使某事发生；occur是一般用词，可指某事情偶然发生或者按照计划进行，跟to短语时，表示“想到”，+somebody。

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2、Range；vary；change；alter；transform；turn；reform Range一个范围内的变动，一般与from连用表示从….到….变化。也可以是名词，1，一系列：a range of。2，变化范围，幅度；Vary 不规则的，断断续续的，因人而异的变化；Change 改变的与原物完全不同，以旧换新的变化；Alter 局部的，外表的变化，但特点不变；Transform 比vary 更彻底的变化。变革；Turn 外表，颜色，气味，性质等方面的变化，比change更通俗；Reform 改革

3、transfer；transform；transmit；transport；transit；transplant Transfer 转移，转让；Transform 彻底的改变；Transmit 传播，传导（信号，天线，疾病等）；Transport 运输。名词或动词。另：transportation 交通运输，名词；Transit 经过；运送。名词或动词；Transplant 移植、移种、移居。

4、comprise；consist；constitute；compose。都有组成，构成的意思

Comprise 及物动词，两种用法，整体和部分都可以在前，常用语主动语态，也可以用被动。be comprised of；Consist 只能用作主动。不及物动词，常用搭配是Consist of；Constitute 两个意思1，组成，构成，及物动词2，建立，制定。常用语主动语态；Compose 一般用被动语态 be composed of。

5、interfere；intervene；interrupt；trouble；disturb；

Interfere 干预，干涉。不及物动词。常与 with，in连用。指未获允许干涉他人的事情；Intervene 干涉，干预，介入。书面用语，语气较重。常与in 连用。指介入争端，进行调停等；Interrupt 打断。vi和vt都可。注意和break in 的区别。Interrupt指打断（说话无法继续），break in指插话（说话仍可继续），非法闯入；Trouble 使烦恼，麻烦；Disturb 打扰，妨碍。

6、rise；arise；arouse，raise Rise，vi，意为“升起，增高,增涨”-----rise（rose，risen）；arise，vi，意为“开始发生，出现，产生”----arise（arose，arisen；且arise from“起源于，发生于”固搭；raise，vt，意为“招募，养育，提高，举起，提出等含义；arouse，vt，意为激起，唤醒。

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7、be attracted to/by 被…所吸引；Be concentrated on 集中于；Be involved in 涉及，卷入，陷入；Be drawn to 被….所吸引。

8、embarrass；disappoint；discourage；disappear；disaster

Embarrass 使尴尬，使窘促不安；Disappoint 使失望；Discourage使气馁，失去信心；Disappear消失，失踪；Disaster 名词：灾难 9，affect； effect；impact；infect；reflect；influence Affect 动词，影响。affect＝have an effect on；Effect 名词：效果，效应。常常与on连用。动词：实现，产生；Impact 动词或名词：影响。指具体事件的影响（一般指收入，利润，利益等）；Infect 传染，感染；Reflect 反射，反映；influence影响，“感化”。侧重内在的，潜移默化的影响使一个人的行为或思想发生改变。10，adjust；adapt；adopt；suit；fit Adjust 1，适应；2，调整，校对+to。主要用于调整角度、高度、光线等；Adapt 1，适应。一般用于适应新的条件或环境。用于适应的意思时，和adjust用法一样。2，改编，编写；Adopt 1，收养，抚养。2，采用，采纳；Suit 做动词时，表明适合要求，宾语一般是人。做名词指：一套衣服；Fit 一般用词，vi & vt。指人或物适合或适应某一目的或用途。宾语可以是人，也可以是物。

11，come to/ draw /arrive at/ reach a conclusion 得出结论。

12，prevent；preserve；forbid；ban；prohibit；object；restrain ；oppose；fight Prevent 1，预防。2，阻止+from；Preserve 保护，保持，维持；Forbid 禁止，一般用 forbid sb to do sth；Ban 禁止，指由于社会压力或谴责而禁止做某事。一般用 ban….from sth/doing ；Prohibit 禁止。指法律等做出的正式规定的禁止。一般用prohibit sb from sth/doing ；Object 后加 to 为介词，意思是：反对，to是介词；Restrain，vt，抑制，克制，约束。名词：restrain；Opposevt或vi，反对。一般用oppose + sth 或 be opposed to do sth；Fight 打架，斗争.Fight against 反对。13，intend to； tend to；incline to ；lean to；be apt to 专升本大纲词汇表

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Intend to 打算做某事；Tend to 倾向于；Incline to 常用被动语态 be inclined to do sth倾向于；Lean to 向….倾斜。意思为动作的倾斜；Be apt to = tend to 倾向于 14，acquire；require；inquire；request Acquire 取得，获得= obtain；Require 需要，需求；Inquire 打听，咨询；Request 请求，要求。

15，cure，heal；recover；treat Cure 治愈内科疾病，感冒，发烧，肚子疼，头疼等内科疾病；Heal 治愈外伤，伤口，烧伤等外科疾病；Recover 恢复（体力，健康，能力等）；Treat 普通用词，宾语一般是人。指接受并治疗病人。

16，harm；hurt；wound；injure；damage；disable；spoil；destroy；ruin；wreck Harm 指身体或感情上受伤，一般用 do harm to sb；Hurt 指身体或感情上受伤，及物动词，直接+ somebody；Wound 指在战争，暴力或武器中受的伤；Injure 在事故，灾难中受伤;Damage 指无生命物体的损坏，破坏；Disable 受伤致残；Spoil 由于纵容或者你爱造成的性情的扭曲。溺爱，宠坏；Destroy 指彻底的破坏；Ruin 由于外部原因，致使彻底毁灭；wreck车辆船舶的毁坏。17，strike at；strive for；stick to ；stand for

Strike at 攻击，袭击；Strive for/ after 为…而努力，奋斗；Stick to 粘住，黏住；坚持做…；Stand for 代表，支持，象征。18，bring，carry，take，fetch，get Bring 带来，拿来；Carry 把物品从一个地方带到另一个地方，不涉及方向，只强调方式；Take与bring的方向相反，指从说话者的地点把某物带走，侧重方向,不强调方式；Fetch：指一来一回。相当于 go and bring 指取了东西再返回出发出；Get，口头用语，相当于fetch。19，cost；spend，take；pay；expend Cost指花费事件，金钱，劳力等。主语必须是物；Spend，与cost 同意，主语是人；Take 普通用词，指占用事时间，金钱，经历等。主语可以是人也可以是物。常专升本大纲词汇表

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用it takes....to do sth;Pay 常与for 连用，表示花费;Expend 一般搭配是： expend +金钱，时间，经历+ on sth/ doing sth.20，recognize；realize；recover；remember，resemble Recognize:原来认识，经过一段时间后认出某人;Realize 原来不认识或不知道，经过一段时间后才意识到;Recover 恢复。不一定指人，也可指事物的恢复;Remember 想起来，记起来;Resemble 像,类似+ in somebody 21，notice；see；watch；observe Notice 意思是：注意。偶尔看到的，细小的但可能是重要的事情；See 强调看到的结果，意思是看见；Watch 看到事物变化发展的过程；Observe 从不同的角度长时间的观察，并研究。

22，accuse，charge，scold，blame，curse Accuse+ of 指责，指控；Charge 动词或名词。1，收费。2，控告3，掌管，负责；Scold 责骂，责备；Blame 责备，责怪；Curse 诅咒，咒骂。23，inherit，inhibit，inhabit

Inherit 继承；Inhibit 阻止;抑制；inhabit 居住于, 栖居于 24，seat，sit seat，可以表示“坐”的意思，是及物动词，用被动语态；sit是不及物动词，后面必须加上介词。

25，attribute to，contribute to，devote to，dedicate to，owe to Attribute to 认为„是;归因于；Contribute to 促成，导致，有助于；Devote to致力于....；Dedicate to，献(身)于„；Owe to 1，欠„(某物)；2，把„归功于 二）动词固定搭配

1、Break的搭配

Break out(战争、打斗等不愉快事件)突然发生, 爆发 ；Break down 损坏，拆散，失败；Break in 非法闯入；插话；Break through 突破，突围；Break off 中断，中止

2、bring 和come的搭配

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bring about 导致，造成，引起，产生；come about发生 ；bring back 带回，还回，使想起；Bring out 使出版；出现，呈现= arise；Come out 出现，出版，显现；Bring up 提出、教育，养育；come up 出现；come up with 提出...想法；come up against 遭到....反对；Bring down 1，减少，降低,2，打败，击垮；Bring forward 提出；Bring off 成功完成….；come across= run into= happen to meet = encounter 偶然相遇；come to 共计。

3、call的搭配

call for 去接，去取….、需要、要求；call on 拜访、号召，呼吁；call out 大声叫喊，大声说出；call up 给….打电话、使回想起，使回忆起；call off 取消、停止

4、carry 的搭配

carry off 抢走、窃走；carry on 经营，从事、继续进行….；Carry out 执行，贯彻、完成，实现

5、Count 的搭配

count in 把...算在内；count out 不把„考虑在内 ；count up 加起来, 算出总数 ；count down 倒数到零或规定的时间 ；count on 依赖, 依靠 = depend on = rely on

6、Get的搭配

get over 克服，解决。困难，疾病等；Get along 1，进行，进展 ；get along with = get on with 与某人和睦相处；Get through 1，穿过;通过 2，接通电话

7、Give 的搭配

give in 让步，屈服。=Give away to= yield to；give back 归还，恢复

另：bring back 带回，还回；give off 指烟，热，光等 散发，释放；give up 放弃；give out = hand out 分发，分给

8、Go 的搭配

go off 1, 离开，离去：2,(水电等)被切断，(煤气等)用完；go after 追求，追捕； go(a)round 1，四处走走，2，（消息等）传开；go along with 1，陪伴，陪同（简单）=keep sb company 2,支持，赞同= agree with ；go into 1，进入2，= investigate 调查，研究；go over = review 复习； go out 1,外出，出去。2，熄灭

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9、hand 的搭配

hand out 分发，分给；hand down 传承，传递；hand over 交出，交给；hand in 上交，递交

10、hang的搭配

Hang up 1，挂断电话，2，把.....挂起来；Hang about 徘徊，闲荡 ；Hang on 1,.坚持下去: 2.抓紧不放，紧紧握住:。

11、hold 的搭配

hold up 举起= put up、阻碍，延误；hold on 保持通话；坚持；hold off 推迟。

12、look 的搭配

look around 四处观望；Look up 1，向上看 2，查找；Look out 当心 ；look down upon/on 看不起，轻视

13、lay的搭配

lay out 陈设，陈列；lay off 解雇，裁员；lay aside 把....放到一边、储存，注意：任何一个动词+aside意思都是把....放到一边、储存；lay down 放下，躺下

14、Make的搭配

make out 理解, 明白 ；Make off 逃跑；make up 构成；make up for补偿, 弥补

15、put的搭配

put aside 放到一边,储存；Put away 1.收起来, 放好 2，储蓄，储存；

Put across 1.用欺骗的方法使(某人)接受或相信 2.〈非正〉解释, 被理解 ； Put down 1，放下，2，记下，写下=write down、put down、set down、take down；put off 推迟；put up 建造，建立；举起；提出；put out 扑灭，熄灭、出版，发布

16、set的搭配

set aside,1，把„存储起来；抽出(时间等)；Set up 建立，建造, 创立, 竖立 = put up ；Set in 开始，到来，流行；Set down ：放下、写下，记下；Set out 1.动身, 出发 2.着手, 开始

17、take 的搭配

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take after =resemble(在性格)像;与...相似；take apart 拆卸,拆开；take back = withdraw拿回、收回；take down 记下，写下；take effect 生效；take....for granted 认为„理所当然, 想当然 take in 1,=understand 领会;理解 2,= absorb 吸收3,= cheat 欺骗；take off 1，脱掉脱去，移去2, 飞机起飞；take on 1，承担责任2，雇佣=employ3,呈现；take up 1，占据时间2，开始从事....；take part in 参加 ；take place 发生，举行；take turns 轮流，依次。

18、turn的搭配

turn down 1，关小音量2，拒绝 ；turn up 1，开大音量2，出现 ；turn out 结果是, 原来是 ；turn to 向...求助；turn on 打开；turn off 关掉；turn in 进入、上缴，上交；turn over 把….反过来、仔细思考，深思。

19、with的搭配：

get on with 继续做某事；与…和睦相处；put up with 容忍，忍受；Keep up with 跟上，不落后；Go on with 继续做某事；come up with 提出。

三、形容词和副词考点总结

1，Willing；unwilling；reluctant；alert；intelligent；complacent；pleased；satisfied willing 乐意的，心甘情愿的，常用搭配：be willing to do sth；unwilling，willing的反义词，不乐意的，不情愿的；reluctant：=unwilling 勉强的，不情愿的；alert 警惕，警觉；Intelligent：聪明的，智能的；Complacent：自满的，得意的；Pleased 高兴的；satisfied满意的 2，dim；dark；vaguely；slightly；

dim 暗淡的，昏暗的；dark 黑暗的，阴暗的；vaguely 模糊地，含糊的；slightly 轻微的,稍稍的。

3，famous；noted；distinguished； popular；fashionable；vogue；prevalent；common；ordinary；general；usual；favorite；fond 专升本大纲词汇表

成才热线：

famous = noted= distinguished 著名的，闻名的。Be famous/ noted/ distinguished/ known for 以….而著名；Popular 流行的，受欢迎的。指大众的爱好或喜好；Fashionable 时尚的，时髦的= vogue；Prevalent 普遍的，常见的，盛行的。指当前社会普遍存在的；Common 用于指物，指很常见，不稀奇；Ordinary 指物，指每天都发生的，十分平淡无奇的。指人，指无特别之处，很一般；General 指大多如此，很少有例外；Usual 指常见或常做的事情，指习惯性；Favourite特别喜爱的，最喜欢的；Fond 喜欢 be fond of = like

4，consequently；constantly；consistently；continuously；

consequently 因此，所以；constantly 不断地，时常地；consistently 一贯的，始终如一的；continuously 连续不断的，接连的

5，barely；hardly；rarely；scarcely；merely；nearly barely= hardly=rarely= scarcely 几乎不，否定含义。merely 仅仅，只不过 = only；nearly 几乎

6，effect；affect；effective；efficient；efficacy；

effect 名词：影响，效果。动词，实现；affect 动词，影响；effective 有效地，生效的；efficient 有能力的，效率高的；efficacy 名词：效力，功效 7，respectful；respective；respecting；respectable；respected Respectful 恭敬的，有礼貌的；Respective 各自的，分别的 Respecting 关于，至于；Respectable 可敬的，值得尊敬的

8，lively；alive；live；living；alone；lonely；single；unique；sole；only；individual lively 生动的，活泼的；alive，live和living都可以表示生物“活着的”，alive 一般做后置定语，也可作表语。指本来有死的可能，但仍然活着。live 一般做前置定语，特指动物：活着的。另：现场直播的, 实况转播的。living 可做前置定语，也可作后置定语，也可作表语。指在某个时候是活着的。The living 表示活着的人；Alone 1，副词：单独，独自；仅仅，只有=only表示只有本人，没有外人2，形容词：单独的；Lonely 1，形容词：孤独的，寂寞的。2，形容词：偏远的，人迹罕至专升本大纲词汇表

成才热线： 的；Single 单独的，单一的；Unique 世界上独一无二的；Sole 指物，表示专有的，独有的，独家的；Only 比unique的范围稍小，仅有的；Individual：单独的，个别的；个人的，个体的。9，particular；specific；peculiar；general；special；especial particular 特别的，特殊的；special=particular特殊的，特别的；peculiar

含有“与众不同”，“独特”的意思；General 一般的,普遍的;especial

意思是“特别的”，与special同义，但special的应用较普遍。

10，sometime；sometimes；some time； some times

sometime 表示过去或将来的某个时候；sometimes 有时候；some time 一段时间；some times 几次

11，like；as；alike ；likely ；same；similar like 动词，喜欢。介词：像。名词：爱好；as 和like的区别：as表示和….一样.like 表示 像….一样；alike(a)是表语形容词，通常它只能作表语。它前面不能用very修饰。只能用much或very much修饰；alike表示“相像”；当作副词时，表示“一样地，相似地”；Likely 形容词或副词：可能；same是形容词、副词或名词，作形容词的意思为“同一的，同样的”。它无论作什么词性，前面都应有定冠词或等指示代词修饰。后常带as或that；similar是形容词或名词，作形容词的意思为“类似的，相似的”，后面常跟介词to。

12，plenty ；many；much；enough；adequate；sufficient ；deal；lot；most；too；very plenty of +可数名词或不可数名词。许多，大量；many +可数名词复数；much+不可数名词复数或形容词的比较级；enough ：形容词或副词，足够的，前面可以有形容词修饰：比如 large enough，当然也可以做形容词直接修饰名词；adequate 指充足的；Sufficient：足够的，充足的。侧重数量达到某一特定的需求；deal：a great deal of 修饰不可数名词，a great number of 和 a great many of 修饰可数名词；Lot ： a lot of 和 lots of 既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词；Most：1，形容词：大部分，后可直接加名词。2，副词，最….的。常用the most +形容词专升本大纲词汇表

成才热线：

构成最高级。3，most of the +名词，指 大部分；too，1，也，又。放在整句话的后面，表示同意。2，太，过于...，前面不能有fairly，very，quite修饰，但是可以有far，rather，much，a little，a lot，a bit 修饰。3，cann't....too....越....越好。Too.....to....太.....而不.....；very是一个副词，需要修饰形容词。13，precious；expensive；wealthy；dear ；valuable precious：宝贵的；expensive 昂贵的，值钱的；wealthy 富裕的；dear 亲爱的，昂贵的；valuable 贵重的，值钱的；有价值的。常常指物。14，how soon/ long/far/often/fast how soon 指某件事情距离现在有多久会发生，回答用in；how long 指某件事情持续多长时间；或长度有多长。指多长时间时，回答用 一个时段（for）two days。等；how far 是提问路程有多远；How often 指事情发生的频率有多快，常见的回答有 often；sometimes；usually，once/ twice a week等；How fast 提问速度有多快

15，good，well，better，best good 形容词：好的；well 副词：好的。形容词：健康的。名词：井；better ：good 的比较级当两者比较时用：the better of the two。只有句子中出现of the two，前面才用 the better；best 最高级，最好的 16，worth，worthy，worthwhile，worth while

worth是一个只能作表语的形容词，意思为“值„„的”、“相当于„„的价值的”、“有„„价值的”、“值得„„的”。后接名词、接动名词的主动形式。

worthy可作表语，也可作定语，既可以做前置定语，也可以做后置定语。作定语时意思为“有价值的”、“值得尊敬的”、“应受到赏识的”；用作表语时意思为“值得„„的”、“应得到„„的”，其后接of sth./ of being done，也可以后接to be done.，如果接动名词或者不定式都需要用被动形式。

worthwhile与worthy一样，既可作表语，又可作定语,其做前置定语时，用法和worthy 一样，不能做后置定语。表示某事因重要、有趣或受益大而值得花时间、专升本大纲词汇表

成才热线：

金钱或努力去做，一般做“值得的”、“值得做的”、“有意义的”解。用作表语时，可接动名词或动词不定式。

Worth while 分开的形式，worth 做动词。

四、介词连词考点总结

1，beside，besides，except，except for，apart from，in addition to，beyond，within，as well as，but for beside 在…的旁边；

except和except for 的区别：except用于表示同类事物之间的关系，其意为“除„„以外”、“除去”；except for用于表示对主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定。它不表示同类事物之间的关系，可以用于句首。

Except 和besides 的区别：①We all went except him.除他之外，我们都去了。(他没有去)②We all went besides him.除他之外，我们大家也都去了。(他也去了)In addition to = besides； Apart from= besides/except；

Beyond：超出，超过 常常+ one’s reach/control of sth； Within，beyond的反义词。在…范围之内； As well as 和….一样，也….； But for 要不是，需要使用虚拟语气。

2，Increase to，increase by，increase with，increase in increase to表示增长到；increase by表示增长了；increase with ,随„增长 ；increase in 在„方面增长

3，By all means 当然，一定可以= definitely；By any means 无论如何；By every means 用尽办法= in all sort of way ；By no means 绝不

其他的一些固定搭配参看课本上这一节划到的重点介词固定搭配。

五、冠词和数词考点总结

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1，chapter x, the xth chapter 第几章节的表达方法，只有这两种是正确的。2，连字符 “-”，用于数词和名词之间，变成一个形容词，表示“.....的”；注意：three month ' s 的用法是错误的。后面不需要加所有格；基数词和名词构成合成词时误用复数。注意：所有的词均需要用单数。

3，分数的表达方法，前面是分子，用基数词，后面是分母，用序数词，前面超过一个后面就用复数。中间加不加“-”均可

4，可以修饰可数名词的词有： many，few，a few，a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a(large/great/good)number of.可以修饰不可数名词的词有：much,little, a little, a lot of ,lots of ,plenty of, a(large/great/good)amount/quantity /deal of

语法

一：时态和语态 一）时态

1，12种常见时态的基本用法，各种时态的基本表达方式以及时间顺序。

一般现在时：表示现状，性质，特点或者客观真理。常与always，often，usually等词连用

现在进行时：表示正在发生的动作。常与continually，constantly，all the time 等词连用

现在完成时：表示已经完成或存在的状态。常与since，for，yet，already等词连用 现在完成进行时：表示动作持续到现在可能刚刚中止，也可能继续进行

一般过去式：表示过去某一时刻发生的动作。常与ago，yeaterday，when...等词连用

过去进行时：表示过去某一时间段持续进行的动作。常用词语现在进行时一样 过去完成时：过去的过去，必须在过去的界定条件下才可以使用。常用 by +过去的时间/ 一般过去式的句子

过去完成进行时：动作持续到过去的一个时间可能刚刚中止，也可能继续进行

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一般将来时：将来的动作，主语will，shall，be going to，be to 和be about to的区别

将来进行时：将来的时间里可能持续发生的动作 过去将来时：表示从过去某时间看将来要发生的事情

将来完成时：动作要到将来某一时间完成。常用 by + 将来的时间/ 一般现在时的句子

2，make sure/certain，in case等词 后面的从句常用现在时表示将来时

3，主句是现在时态或将来时态，从句可以为任何时态。主句为过去的时态，从句必须是过去的时态。二）被动语态

1，不能用被动语态的情况：A:不及物动词

B: 表示状态而不是动作的词，如 cost，fit，lack，want，wish suit等

2，感官动词（hear，feel，listen to，see，watch，notice等），使役动词：have，make，help，let等。被动时，需要将to补上。

3，被动语态一般都与其他考点综合考察，当看到选项有被动选项时，首先应该考虑是否具有被动关系。

二，非谓语动词 一）动词不定式

1，动词不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语动词的后面，用引导词it作形式主语。如果不定式作宾语而又跟有补语，这时，通常要用“it”作形式宾语，而将不定式放到补语后面去。

2，动词不定式的逻辑主语：

1）it is + adj+ for sb.常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：

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2）it is + adj+of sb.的句型一般表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right等。

3, 动词不定式作定语：①用不定式作定语时，如果它与所修饰的词是动宾关系，所以如果不定式是不及物动词，其后面应跟上必要的介词。②不定式作定语，如果与他所修饰的词是动宾关系，则不定式后面不能再带宾语。

4，动词不定式作状语：①不定式能够修饰作表语或宾语补足语的形容词，在句中作状语，这时不定式不能再带宾语。②作状语的不定式的逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致。

5, 不定式的时态和语态: 被动式 to be studied；进行式to be studying；完成式to have studied;被动完成式to have been studied 6，有些动词要求省掉to的不定式做宾语补足语：主要有：

A:感官动词（hear，feel，listen to，see，watch，notice等），使役动词：have，make，help，let等。

B:can not help but do（不得不）；can not but do（不得不）；cannot choose but do（只能）；had better do（最好）；would rather do（宁愿）

7，两个不定式由and，except，or，than连接时，可以省略第二个to，由but连接时，如果前面有do及其变形，可以省略第二个to，反之则不行。二）动名词

1，it is no use/no good/useless/(not)wise/ worthwhile/ of great(no,little)importance 等句式，后加动名词

2，常用动名词做宾语的动词：admit,suggest, dislike, appreciate, enjoy, keep, prevent等。注意还有一些课本上的词。

3，动名词的逻辑主语：如果动名词动作的发出者不是谓语动词的主语时，则需要有自己的逻辑主语。但是，如果动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语相同，则不应再有逻辑主语。逻辑主语可以用物主代词和名词所有格，也可以用人称代词宾格或名词的普通格。例如：his/ him doing sth。

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4，动名词的时态和语态：完成式：having done；被动式being done；完成被动式：having been done

5，既可以用动词不定时又可以用动名词的一些词的意义区别：主要有：forget，remember，stop，regret，try，mean，go on + to do/ doing 6，allow, permit, forbid，encourage，advise后面无宾语时，接doing；后面有宾语时，接to do 7，动名词在固定结构中的使用

1）have difficulty /trouble/problem/a hard time/a good time +（in）+doing 2）feel like + 名词/动名词 “想要” 3）spend/waste time doing sth 4）cannot help doing sth.忍不住（做什么）。这一句型要和can not help but do（不得不）以及can not but do（不得不）区分开来

5）something need/want/require +动名词表被动意义；be busy doing sth.忙于干某事

6）be worth doing sth.值得„

7）What about/how about doing „怎么样？ 三）分词

1，动词不定式，动名词与分词的否定形式是在它们的前面加not，never 2，分词作定语：现在分词表示主动和进行，过去分词表示被动和完成。不定式表示将来。

3，分词作状语：1）分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。2）分词有时还可由连词when，while，if，after，before，on，unless等词引出，通常表示一种状态，当这些连词没有主语的时候，其后可以直接跟一个分词来表示一种伴随状态，分词的使用要和主句的主语保持一致。

3）分词作状语时，要特别注意其逻辑主语和主句谓语动词的一致性。否则，分词必须有自己的主语。这种带主语的分词结构称为独立主格结构。

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4，分词作宾语补足语：1）使役动词have, make, get的后面可以接过去分词作宾补，keep的后面则接现在分词作宾补。在“have+ sth.+过去分词”的结构中，宾语补语所表示的动作往往是由别人来完成的。也可以用have+sb/sth +现在分词”，表示宾语补语的动作正在进行。也可以用Have + sb/sth+ do，表示一种状态，并不表示被动或进行。

2）表示感觉的动词notice, find, see, watch, hear, smell, feel等感官动词后面用省掉to的动词不定式作宾语补语，通常表示(强调)动作从开始到结束的全过程。如果用现在分词作宾语补语，则通常表示动作正在进行。

5，分词作表语：现在分词作表语表示主语的特征，常用于事物；过去分词作表语表示主语的状态，常用于人。现在分词意思是“令人...”,过去分词意思是“某人感到....”；分词作表语时，现在分词有“主动”、“进行”、等意义；过去分词有“被动”、“完成”等意义。

6，分词的时态和语态：1）过去分词没有完成时态和被动语态

2）现在分词的时态和语态：完成式：having done；被动式：being done。表示“正在被....”；完成被动式：having been done

三、情态动词和虚拟语气考点总结 一）情态动词：

常见的情态动词有can ,could,may ,might,must,should,ought to，need,dare,ought to.特别注意：没有will 和would 1, can 表示能，could是它的过去式，May表示可能，might是它的过去式。

语气方面：can最直截了当，could 礼貌客气，may既尊重又礼貌，might含做作的成分。

2，must的含义，第一个含义是：必须。其否定回答一般是：need not 或者don't have to.专升本大纲词汇表

成才热线：

第二个含义是：肯定。其否定形式是can't 不可能。而mustn't 的意思是：禁止，绝对不行。

3，need 作为情态动词的时候，一般只用于肯定句和疑问句中。当然也可以作为实义动词，意思是需要。需要注意的是：情态动词的否定用 needn't，实义动词的否定用don't need.另：dare 同need的用法，一般用于否定句和疑问句中。往往具有实义动词的意思。

4，should 和ought to 的用法。其否定形式是：shouldn't 和ought not to。意思是：应该。

5，情态动词+ have+ done Must have done 肯定已经做过

may/might have done 可能已经做过....May/ might not have done 可能不会做过....Needn't have done 做了不必要或不需要做的事情。

an/ could have done 可能已经 can/ could not have done 不可能已经。

Should/ ought to have done 应该做的事情却没做。Should not have done/ ought not to have done做了不应该做的事情。

二）虚拟语气： 第一，if 条件句。1，普通状态：

1），对现在的虚拟：从句：If+主语+过去式（be--were）+...主句：主语+should/could/might/could + 动词原形+.....2），对过去的虚拟：If+主语+had+过去分词+...主句：主语+should/could/might/could + have+过去分词+.....3），对将来的虚拟：从句：If+主语+should/were to/ were going to + 动词原形+...主句：主语+should/could/might/could + 动词原形+.....专升本大纲词汇表

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2，if 条件句中的从句中有were，had，could，should。可以省掉if，使用倒装结构。注意：只把were，had，could，should提到句首，其他的一律不倒装。除非有weren't/ hadn't/ couldn't/shouldn't 这些分不开的形式。

3，用介词短语替代if条件句，其后的句子和if条件句主句的变化形式相同。这些词包括：but，but for，with，without，under，otherwise等。如果这些词后面+ 客观事实，主句表示对现在的虚拟，用 should/could/might/could + 动词原形。如果这些词后面加一个具体的事情，就默认这个事情为过去的事情，主句表示对过去的虚拟，用主语+should/could/might/could + have+过去分词+.....。

4，有些虚拟语气是可以省略主句或者从句的，往往都是其前面或者后面有一个陪衬的句子。起到一个解释说明的作用，中间是句号。这种题目要根据陪衬的句子来分析是对现在，过去，还是将来的虚拟。

5，混和虚拟语气。当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。往往主句或从句有一个明确的时间点来界定。

第二，Wish/ if only/ even if(though)/as if(though)/ suppose，这几个词需要引导虚拟语气，其变化形式基本同if条件句引导的虚拟语气，需要注意的是：将来形式不同。这些词引导的虚拟语气形式是： 对现在的虚拟：从句谓语用：过去式（were）

对过去的虚拟：从句谓语用：had+过去分词/ could have + 过去分词 对将来的虚拟：从句谓语用：would/ could +动词原形 第三，过去式形式

1, It is（high/ about）time(that)，后面的从句谓语动词用 过去式或者 should do，should 不能省略。

2，would（just）rather/ sooner/ as soon，从句谓语动词用 过去式。注意这些词在动词不定式中的应用与这里的区别。第四，should do 形式，should 可省略。

1，for fear that 和lest 从句谓语动词 用（should）do 专升本大纲词汇表

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2，一些表示建议，要求，命令的动词引导的宾语从句。其名词形式引导的从句。以及 it is + suggested that 的形式。

这些动词有：suggest，insist，recommend，order，propose，urge，require，advise，request，desire，command，demand，arrange，move 等。

其名词性是有：suggestion，insistence , recommendation, order，proposal，urge, requirement，advice，request，desire,command, demand,arrangement,motion.另外还包括：necessity，decision，resolution，plan等词

3，it is + 形容词+that，这些形容词有：important，necessary，essential，advisable，better，vital等。

四，定语从句：

1，在非正式场合，that有时可用来代替关系副词或相当于关系副词的“介词+which”，而且经常全部省略，2，是用关系代词还是用关系副词：

方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。

方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。

3，定语从句中的时态。如果主句是一般将来时或过去将来时，从句的动作与主句的同时发生，那么该从句要用一般现在时表示一般将来时、用一般过去时表示过去将来时。

4，限制性和非限制性定语从句

1）定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。

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2）当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。

3）非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。

4）关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句 5，介词+关系词

1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。2）that前不能有介词。

3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词when、where，why，whose互换。

4）在“介词+关系代词”的结构中，也可用复杂介词，如：by means of（用，依靠），as a result of（作为结果）等 6，as, which 非限定性定语从句

as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点： 1）as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。2）在the same和such之后，定语从句用as引导。

3）as 引导非限定性定语从句即可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。当as在从句中作主语时，后面常接下列句型。如：as is known, as is said, as is reported as is announced 等。

7，一个先行词后面可以跟一个以上的定语从句，这种现象叫双重关系从句： He is the only person that I can find who is able to solve the problem。他是我能找到的唯一解决这个问题的人。

8，先行词和关系词合二为一：what/whatever;that/what;who/whoever

what = the thing that；whatever = anything that/which who= the person that whoever= anyone who/that 9，关系代词that 的用法

1）不用that的情况

a)在引导非限定性定语从句时。b)介词后不能用。

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2)只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况

a)先行词由the same, the very, the first, the last, the only, the one, all, no, much, few，little, none, any, every等时，常用that, 而不用which b)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。

c)先行词既有人，又有物时,只用that。

10，定语从句可以是一个动词不定式，但一般要使用“介词+关系代词“这种形式出现。

五：状语从句：

一）时间状语从句：when，while，as，after，before，as soon as，since，till/until, by the time 1,when, while, as 的区别：when即可引导延续性又可引导短暂性动词，还可以表示从句动作在主句之前或之后发生；while必须引导延续性动词，强调两个动作同时发生，又可表示类比；as表示一边，一边。引导延续性动作

2，Before引导的句子，主句时间在前，从句时间在后，after引导的句子，主句时间在后，从句时间在前。

3，since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在It is ＋时间＋since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时，从句用一般过去时。

4，as soon as，immediately，directly，instantly，the moment，the minute，once 表示“一....就”。Hardly....when, no sooner....than意思与此相同，但是主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去式。

5，each time, every time 和whenever 每次，每当。二）地点状语从句：

1，wherever/ anywhere = no matter where 2, everywhere：每个地方 三）条件状语从句：

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1，unless= if not 除非

2，as long as，so long as 只要；in case以防，以免

3，on condition that,providing that, provided that，supposing/supposed that, =if 四），原因状语从句

1，because 表示直接原因，语气最强

2，since表示已知原因，语气比because弱

3，seeing(that), now(that), considering(that), in that, given that 意思为“既然，因为”。

4，as表示双方都知道的原因，一般用于句首 5，for引导的原因只能放在主句之后并且用逗号隔开 五），目的状语从句

1，so that 以至于= in order that，另外还有for the purpose that，so much so that.六），结果状语从句

1，so....that ,such....that ：so+adj/adv, such+n 2,to the degree(that), to the extent(that), to such a degree(that), to such an extent(that)So和such的区别：such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。1,单数可数名词钱有不定冠词与形容词是，so和such的位置不同。So+adj/adv + a/an + n；Such + a/an + adj + n 2,so 后即使有形容词，也不能修饰复数名词和不可数名词，而such可以。3,名词前有many，much，little，few修饰时，需要用so，不用such，但是当little表示“小”而不表示“少”的意思时，用such 七）让步状语从句

1，as，though引导的让步状语从句，需要倒装：adj/adv+ as/though+主语+谓语。但是although不能，他们不能与but连用

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2，even if 和even though ：即使

3，no matter +疑问词 = 疑问词+ ever 不管.....都。注意：no matter how 和however后要直接加形容词或者副词+主语+谓语

4，despite= in spite of 尽管,他们要使用状语从句需要用despite/ in spite of the fact that...5，while有时也可表示让步的意思：虽然。位于句首。八），比较状语从句

1，同级比较：as +adj + as，not so(as)+ adj + as；比较级： adj比较级+ than；最高级：the most+ adj，the +adj最高级。

2，倍数的表达：主语+谓语+倍数+as + adj+ as；主+谓+倍数+more than；主+谓+倍数+the size，amount，length+ of 3，the 比较级.......The比较级。主句与从句句式要一致

4，(Just)as.....(so).....正如......，......也.....，主句与从句句式要一致

5，more than的用法：多于，不止；More than+adj：很，非常； No more than 只不过，not more than 不如；more+ adj + than +adj，肯定前者，否定后者，是.....而不是.....6，as far as 和so far as 1，表示直到....为止。前者用于肯定句，后者用于否定句。2，表示就....而言，两者可以互换 九）方式状语从句

1，引导词有：as 正如，as if/though 好像，引导虚拟语气； the way 正如。

六：名词性从句：

疑问词引导的主语，表语和宾语从句：1，疑问词本身有意义，2，疑问词在句子中做成分，3，从句用陈述语气。这些疑问词有：who, whom, whose, what, which, where, why, when, how包括whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,whichever，注意：没有whomever。

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一）主语从句

1，主语从句常用it做形式主语，也可以以疑问词或者that，whether放在句首引导的正常句式的主语从句，要学会使用。引导主语从句的that不能省略，引导宾语从句的that可以省略。

2，whether既可以引导主语也可以引导宾语从句，但if不能引导主语从句，whether后可以加or not，if不行。作介词宾语时不用if 二）宾语从句

1，可用疑问词，that和if引导宾语从句。

2，think，believe，suppose，expect 等动词的宾语从句，其否定形式为将think变为否定

3，当宾语从句后还有补语时，it做形式宾语，而将整整的宾语从句放在句尾 4，that引导的名词性从句还可以用在一些表达感情色彩的形容词后面。如sure，certain，doubtful，worried，glad，happy等 三）同位语从句

1，同位语从句常见的引导词：news，fact，idea，truth，suggestion，doubt，belief等。起到补充说明的作用。其引导词只能是that，而主语从句，宾语从句和表语从句的引导词可以是疑问词，that或whether，if。注意其与定语从句的区别。四）表语从句

1，表语从句：可以用that引导，也可以用疑问词引导。正式文体中不省略，非正式文体中省略。

七，强调句和倒装句 一）强调句 1，强调非谓语：

1）一般句式：it is/was +强调的成分+ that/who/whom+ 其他成分 2）注意一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的倒装强调句型。

3）注意not … until … 句型的强调句，it is not until....that.....专升本大纲词汇表

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4）强调主语时，that或who后面的谓语动词的形式仍然取决于原句中的主语 5）注意强调句与主语从句，定语从句和状语从句的区别。2，强调谓语：

助动词do的各种变形+动词原形。谓语动词只有两种时态能强调，即一般现在时和一般过去时。在一般现在时中，do有人称的变化，第三人称单数用does，一般过去时do 变成did。二）倒装句

1）完全倒装：是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。

1: 以here, there, now, then 等副词开头的句子中。习惯上用一般现在时（除以then开头的句子用过去时）。用完全倒装。

2: such放在句首可以表示强调，意思是：“这就是”，用完全倒装。

3: 表示运动方向的副词，介词置于句首，需要使用完全倒装。这些词有in，away，up，out，down，under，behind，ahead等。

2）部分倒装：是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。

1: 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句要倒装 部分倒装。

2: There be 句型当中。There be 句型表达的意思是：“某处有„.”。这个句型的主语在谓语动词后面，因此这是倒装语序。注意：there be 句型的时态；当have，has表示“有”的含义的时候，不能连用；there be句型的变形，用一些表示具体行为的动词代替be动词。

3: 当连词as 表示“虽然、尽管”引导让步状语从句时，句子要倒装，as 相当于though,可以替换。形容词/副词+as + 主语+谓语，主句。部分倒装。

4：虚拟语气条件从句中的if 被省略时，要把从句中的were, had 或should，could 移到主语之前。（if 的省略、倒装只限于从句中有were, had 或should，could这三个词时。）。部分倒装。

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5：以so开头的，表示“也一样”，“也这样”的句子要倒装。So 用于肯定句，代替上文中的形容词、名词或动词，通常指前面所说的肯定情况也适用于其他人或物。结构是“so + be(do, have 其他助动词或情态动词)＋主语”。注意：so后面的谓语动词要同前半句的第一个谓语动词一致，如果只有一个谓语动词，使用助动词。使用部分倒装形式。注意：如果只是对前句的内容表示同意，则不要倒装。

6：以neither与nor开头的句子，表示“„也不”时，句子倒装。Neither 与nor 意思相同，可以互换。Neither, nor 用于否定句，通常指前面所说的否定情况也适用于其他人或物。结构是：Neither(nor)+ be(do, have, 其他助动词或情态动词)＋主语。部分倒装。Neither，nor后面的谓语动词要同前半句的第一个谓语动词一致，如果只有一个谓语动词，使用助动词。

7：在表示祝愿的句子中，用部分倒装。常见的有May, Long live 等。

8：在以never, hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely, seldom, not only, not until, nor, little, nowhere, hardly„.when, no sooner„.than, by no means, under no circumstances 等开头的句子中，主谓要倒装。这些都是表示否定或半否定意义的词或词组。，部分倒装。

9：在以“only+状语”开头的句子中，主谓要倒装。这里only后面必须跟有它修饰的状语或状语从句，这是关键。否则就不倒装。

八、、主谓一致 一）就近原则。

1，Or，either...or, neither...nor, not only...But also.引导的两个并列主语，谓语动词要同离主语最近的主语一致。

2，如果there be 后面有两个或两个以上并列主语时，谓语也和最临近的那个一致。如果there be后面只有一个主语，就和那个主语保持一致。二）首主语决定原则。

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当两个主语由as well as, as much as,with,along with, together with, including, followed by, like, unlike,except, but, besides,rather than 等词连接时，谓语动词由第一个主语决定。

三）单数原则。即谓语动词需要使用单数。

1，many a，more than one + 主语。即使主语是由and 连接的两个或两个以上的主语，谓语动词都用单数。

2，either，neither，every，one，no，each，the other，another做主语，或这些词+名词做主语时。即使主语是由and 连接的两个或两个以上的主语，谓语动词都用单数。

3，a/this/that + kind/sort/type/pair....形容词+of 做主语时

4，some/any/no/every + thing/one/body 做主语时，谓语动词用单数。做宾语时，同宾语决定原则，谓语动词也用单数。

5，不定式，动名词，介词短语，wh—+ to do，名词性从句等做主语时，谓语动词用单数。注意：如果是由and或both and等表示复数含义的词连接的两个或两个以上的这种类型的主语时，谓语动词用复数。

6，furniture，baggage/laggage, machinery,clothing,jewelry等集体名词做主语时。7，表示时间，距离，金钱，重量等词，尽管是复数形式，但是作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数。当数词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。

8，如果是由and 连接的一个人或一件事情，谓语动词用单数。四）复数原则。即谓语动词需要用复数

1，and，both....and...引导的两个并列主语，注意：单数原则的1,2 两点的例外。2，复型名词：glasses，shoes，socks，gloves等词

3，people，police，cattle等词，注意people作为民族的意思时，是可数名词，有单复数形式的变化。

五）宾语决定原则。即谓语动词由其后所带的宾语决定。

1，what，who，which等疑问词引导的疑问句，其谓语动词由句子的宾语决定。

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2，there be 句型，包括there be 句型的变形形式。即be动词可以使其他的实义动词，如：seems，happened，appears等等。六）集体名词原则

1，群体名词：family，army，crowd，population等词，即如果这些名词作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数，考虑到整体的每一个成员，谓语动词用复数。2，all+句子。原则同上。

3，the+adj，表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数。表示抽象概念是，谓语动词用单数，大多数情况下，表示一类人。

七）主语名词决定原则。即谓语动词由主语中的名词决定。

1，any，more，some，half，most，all，none....+ of 做主语时，或者这些词直接加名词做主语时，谓语动词往往与这个名词相一致。如果名词是可数名词单数或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。如果名词是可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数。

2，a+单数名词+or two做主语时，谓语动词用单数；one or two +复数做主语时，谓语动词用复数。

3，means，works 等单复数通行的词作主语时，如果前面有each，every，no，either，neither等表示单数概念的词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。如果由all，both，some，any等表示复数概念的词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。

4，分数，百分比+of+名词做主语时，谓语动词与of后的名词保持一致。

5，a number of +名词，谓语动词用复数。The number of +名词，谓语动词用单数。6，the rest 引导的句子，如果只剩下一个，谓语动词用单数。如果剩余两个或两个以上，谓语动词用复数。

7，在句子中，真正的主语可以被of，in，at，on等介词引导的定语所修饰，在做定语从句等相关的题目时，要找出句子真正的主语或先行词，不要被这些介词所引导的定语所迷惑。

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另：插入语和反义疑问句。

插入语

一个句子中间插入一个成分,它不作句子的何种成分,也不和句子的何种成分发生结构关系,同时既不起连接作用,也不表示语气,这个成分称之插入语。并不影响句子的使用。常见的插入句如下： I think / hope / expect / believe / suppose，I am sure（我可以肯定地说），that is（to say）（也就是说），what's more，what's worse，what is important / serious（重要 / 严重的是），as we all know（众所周知）等。注意：I think / hope / expect / believe / suppose等结构在疑问句中为do you think / hope / expect / believe / suppose

反义疑问句

大的原则：前半句为肯定句，反义疑问句就用否定。前半句为否定句，或者带有半否定词的句子，后半句反义疑问句则用肯定。

1．当陈述部分的主语是I，而句子又用来征询对方的意见时，附加疑问句中的主语用you。

2．如果陈述部分用I’m„结构，附加疑问部分一般用aren’t I。3.当陈述句为there be结构时，附加疑问句中的主语也用there。

4.陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little,nowhere, nothing等否定词或半否定词时，附加疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。

如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀，那么，该陈述部分作肯定处理，附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。

5.当陈述部分为主从复合句时，附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。

但当陈述部分的主语是I，谓语是think, believe, suppose, expect这类动词时，附加疑问部分则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系，但要注意否定的转移。6．当陈述部分是并列句，附加疑问句则需和就近的分句的主语和谓语一致。

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7．在由“祈使句+附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句中，附加疑问部分一般用will you, won’t you, would you。

但是，以let’s开头的祈使句，附加疑问部分用shall we;以let us开头的祈使句，如果含义是allow us，不包括听话人在内，疑问部分用will you。

8．当陈述部分含有情态动词used to时，疑问部分可用usedn’t或didn’t。9．当陈述部分带有情态动词ought to时，疑问部分用oughtn’t或shouldn’t。10．当陈述部分含有had better时，疑问部分用had。

in advance 事先；提前 on purpose 故意

adjust to(使)适应于，把...调节到 apply for 申请，请求

assign to 指派，选派 attempt at 企图，努力

attribute to 把...归因于，归咎于 belong to属于

benefit from 受益，获益 burst out + V-ing 爆发，突然发作 catch up with 赶上 combine with 结合，联合，化合 concentrate on 集中，专心

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cope with 对付，应付

count on 倚靠，指望

deal with 处理，论述，涉及 dedicate to 奉献，把...用在depend on/upon 依靠，信赖，取决于 differ from 不同 engage in 使从事于，使忙于

equip with 装备，配备 exchange for 交换，调换，兑换 figure out 计算出；领会到

find out 查明，发现

focus on(使)聚焦，(使)集中 hear of/about 听到 hear from 收到...的(来信)can/could not help +V-ing 禁不住，忍不住hinder from 阻止，妨碍

involve in 卷入，陷入；牵涉，包含 leave behind 留下，忘记带 major in 主修，专攻

object to 反对，不赞成

persist in 坚持不懈，执意；持续

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point out 指出

remind sb.of sth.使想起 remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事

resort to 求助；诉诸于，采取，凭借 respond to 响应，回答 result in 导致，结果是 select from 挑选，选择

separate from(使)分离；(使)分开 settle down 定居；解决，调停

share with 分与，分派，分配，分享，共用 specialize in 擅长于，专门研究，专攻 suffer from 忍受，遭受；使痛苦，患病； switch off 切断，(用开关)关掉 switch on 接通，(用开关)开起 affect v.影响，传染，感动 effort n.努力 effect n.结果，影响

effective adj.有效的；卓有成效 apply v.申请 application n.申请书

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applicant n.申请人

aware adj.意识到的，知道的

unaware adj.没有意识到的（反义词）appreciate v.欣赏，感谢，正确评价 appreciation n.欣赏，感谢

benefit n.益处，好处 v.有益于，受益 campus n.（大学）校园

candidate n.候选人，报考者，申请者 capable adj.有能力的，能干的 career n.职业，生涯，经历 case n.案例，情况，事实，病例

challenge n.挑战，艰巨任务 v.挑战，要求试common adj.共同的 character n.性格

chase v./n.追逐，追求，寻觅 contract v.收缩，缩小 n.合同，契约 cheat v./n.欺骗，作弊，骗子，欺骗行为 check v./n.检查，核对 n.支票 circumstance n.情况，形势，境遇 complain v.抱怨，申诉

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complaint n.抱怨，申诉，疾病

compete v.竞争，比赛 competition n.比赛，竞争

competitive adj.竞争激烈的；充满竞争的convenient adj.方便的，舒适的 convenience n.便利，方便，公共厕所

create v.创造，产生 credit n.信贷，信任 v.信任

crisis n.危机，决定性时刻，转折点（pl.crises）critical adj.决定性的，批判的，危急的 criticize/-ise v.批评，评论，指责 cultivate v.栽培，培养，耕作 culture n.文化，教养 curiosity n.好奇心 custom n.习惯，风俗 customer n.顾客

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direction n.方向，方位 disappear v.不见，消失 disaster n.灾难，大祸 discourage v.使气馁，阻碍 emotion n.情感，激情，情绪 emphasis v./n.强调，重点

encourage v.鼓励，激励

enforce v.实施，生效，强迫，执行，加强 enlarge v.扩大，扩展，详述 ensure v.保证，担保，确定 enable v.是能够，使有能力 enrich v.使丰富

contrast...with...把……与……相对(对照)in contrast to/with和……形成对比 by contrast对比之下

take sth.under control(被)控制住 out of control无法控制

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be convenient to/for对……方便

cope with(＝deal with，try to find a solution to)应付，处理 at all costs不惜任何代价 at the cost of以……为代价

emerge from(＝appear，become known)出现，暴露(问题，意见等)end up with以……而结束

engage in或be engaged in忙于，从事 be equipped with装备有，装有

except(＝but)除了

except for(＝apart from)除……以外 be good for对……有好处；对……有作用

be good at擅长于； be good to对……好

take...for granted(＝assume to be true)把……认为理所当然的 be in the habit of习惯于

get(fall)into the habit of养成了……的习惯

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live from hand to mouth勉强度日，现挣现吃 at heart(＝in reality)内心里，实际上 in one's heart(of hearts)内心深处，事实上 by heart(＝by memory)熟记，背(诵)with all one's heart全心全意地，真心实意

be ignorant of(＝lacking knowledge)对……不了解，不知道 make(leave)an impression on sb.＝give sb.an impression给……留下印象 make the most(use)of充分利用 gift

talent by nature天生的，生来 in nature本质上 natural

name after用……的名字命名 none other than不是别人，正是…… nothing but只有，不过……而已

it occurs to sb.that...某人想到……

all at once(＝suddenly，now)立即，马上

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once in a while(＝occasionally)偶尔 in order井井有条，处于良好状态；

out of order(＝in bad condition)出毛病，发生故障

participate in(＝take part in)参加 be patient with对……耐心

perform on the piano(＝play the piano)演奏钢琴 persist in坚持，固执

in person亲自，当面 come to the point谈主要问题

there is no point in doing sth.没必要做某事 point at(＝indicate，direct attention)指着 point out(＝indicate，show)指出，指明 popular with/among大众所喜爱的，拥戴

resort to诉诸于……，求助于……

resort to force诉诸于武力

respond to对……反应，响应，对(药)有效

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in response to(＝as an answer to)回答，反应 be responsible for对……负责，是造成……原因 result in(＝cause)导致 with the result that其结果是 in return(for)作为报答；以报答(for)get rid of摆脱，去掉，除去 be in the right正确的；

in the wrong错误的

give rise to(＝lead to)引起，导致

at the risk of(＝with danger of)冒……的风险

for the sake of(＝for the good or advantage of)为了……起见 be satisfied with满意 on a large scale大规模地

on schedule 按时，准时

ahead of schedule提前；in advance预先； behind schedule落后于计划进度，晚于规定时间

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in search of寻找；

in honor of为了表示对……敬意； in memory of为了纪念……； in pursuit of追求……； on behalf of代表……的利益； in favor of赞成……； in season 旺季

in secret秘密地； in private私下

share sth.with与……分享，分担，分摊，共用 be sorry about/for懊悔的，后悔的，难过的 specialize in专门研究，专攻 in spite of(＝despite)尽管

stick to粘着，坚持

stick to one's friend忠于朋友

stick at(＝continue to work hard at)继续勤奋地致力于……； stick at one's books勤奋读书

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be strict with对……严格要求 be/go on strike罢工

suffer from患……病；受……苦痛 be suitable for(＝fit)适合……的 be surprised at对……惊奇； take...by surprise使……惊奇； to one's surprise使某人惊奇 in good taste大方，得体；(反意)

in bad taste小家子气

in terms of(＝with regard to；respectively)按照，根据，在……方面 think of(＝have the idea of)想到；(＝consider)考虑；(＝remember)想起 on second thoughts经再三考虑之后 at the thought of一想到……

for the time being(＝temporarily)暂时 in time(for)及时

on time准时 at no time无论何时也不…… in on time(＝very quickly)立即，马上 at times(＝occasionally)间或，时常

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at all times(＝always)始终，总是 be in use(＝be used)被使用；

be out of use(＝be on longer used)不再被使用

be used to＋V-ing习惯于 used to＋动词原形(过去常常做)in vain(＝uselessly)徒劳

be in the way(＝obstructive)碍事，阻碍 by way of(＝by going through)经由，取道 by the way(＝in addition)顺带地(转移话题)in no way无论怎样也不…… in a way从某种程度上说

against one's will违心地，违背意愿地 in a word总之； in other words换言之； have a word with sb.谈一谈； have words with sb.争吵； hav the last word有决定权

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A a(an)一，一个 abandon 放弃，丢弃 ability 能力，才能 able 能干的

abnormal 反常的，不规则的 aboard 在船（飞机，车）上 abolish 废除，取消 abortion 流产，堕胎 about 大约，关于 above 在…上面，超过 abroad 到国外，遍布 abrupt 突然的，粗鲁的 absence 缺席，缺少 absent 缺席的，茫然 absolute 绝对的，确实的 absorb 吸收，接受 abstract 抽象的，摘要 absurd 荒谬的，可笑的 abundant 丰富的，充裕的 abuse 滥用，辱骂 academic 学术的，学院的 academy 院校，研究院；学会 accelerate 加速，促进；增加速度accent 重音，口音；强调 accept 接爱，认可 access 接进；进入；途径

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accessible 易接近的，可理解的 accident 事故，意外的事 accommodation 适应，膳食供应 accompany 陪伴，陪同，伴随 accomplish 完成，实现 account 解释，说明 accountant 会计，出纳 accumulate 积累，积蓄，堆积 accuracy 准备性；准备度 accurate 准备的，正确的 accuse 控告，指责 accustomed习惯了的 ache 痛，想念 achieve 完成，达到 achievement 成就，实现 acid 酸的，酸性物质 acknowledge 承认，感谢 acquaintance 认识，熟人 acquire 获得，学到 acquisition 获得；获得物 acre 英亩 across穿过，横过 act 行动，表演 active积极的，活动的 activity活动，活动性 actor演员，男演员

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actress女演员 actual 实际的，现行的 acute尖的，急性的 AD 公元；广告

ad= advertisement 广告，做广告 adapt使适应，改编 adaptation改编，适应 add 加，进一步说（或写）addicted 沉溺的，上瘾的 addition 加法，增加 address地址，住址 adequate充足的，任任的 adjust调整，校整，适应于 adjustment 调整，校整

administration管理，经营，行政 admirable可赞赏的，堂堂的 admire羡慕，钦佩

admission 允许进入，入场费 admit 承认，接纳

adolescence 青春期，青少年 adolescent 青少年的，青春期的 adopt 采取，收养 ore 崇拜，热爱ad adult 成的人的，已成熟的 advance促进，提高，advantage 优势，利益 adventure 冒险，奇遇

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advertisement 广告，登广告 advice 劝告，意见 advise 劝告，建议，通知 advocate提倡，提倡者 affair事情，事务 affect 影响，感动 affection 爱，感情，作用 afford 提供，负担的起 afraid 害怕的，恐怕 Africa 非洲

African非洲的，非洲人的 after 在……后面，后来 afternoon下午，午后 afterward(s)然后，后来 again再，又，此外 against反对；倚靠 age 年龄，时代 agenda 议程，议事日程 agent 代理人，代理商

aggressive 侵略的，有进取心的ago 以前，……前 agree 赞同，一致，约定 agreement 协议，同意 agricultural 农业的，农艺的 agriculture 农业，农艺；农学 ahead 在前，向前，提前 aid 帮助，救护

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AIDS 爱滋病 aim 企图，瞄准 air 天空，大气；样子 aircraft 飞机，飞艇 airline 航线，航空公司 airmail 航空邮件，航空邮政 airplane 飞机 airport 机场，航空港 airspace 空气，空间，上空 alarm 惊恐；警报

album 粘贴薄；相册；文选 alcohol 酒精 alcoholic 酒精的 algebra 代数学，代数 alike 相似的，相象的 alive 活着的，有活力的 all 全部的，完全地 allergic 过敏的，极讨厌的 alley 小径，胡同

allocate分配，把……拨给 allow 允许，承认，考虑到 allowance 允许，准许，almost 几乎，大概 alone 单独的，唯一的 along 沿着，向前 alongside 在旁边，横靠 aloud 出声地，大声地

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alphabet 字母表 already 已，已经 also 也，同样；而且

alternative两者选一的；交替的 although 尽管，虽然 altitude 高度，高处

altogether 完全，全部，总共 aluminium 铝

always 总是，一直，永远 am是

am./ am, AM./ AM 上午 amateur 业余的，业余爱好者 amazing 令人惊异的 America美国，美洲

ambassador(ambassadress)大使，使节 ambiguous 暧昧的，不明确的 ambition 野心，抱负 ambulance 救护车；野战医院 among 在……中间 amount 数量，总计 ample 充分的，足够的 amuse 逗乐，使……开心 amusement 娱乐，消谴 analyse 分析，分解 analysis 分析，解析 ancestor 祖先，祖宗 ancient 古代的，古老的

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and 和；并且；那么 anecdote 轶闻，轶事 anger 愤怒，使……发怒 angle 角，角度，观点 angry 愤怒的；生气的 animal 动物；肉欲的 ankle 踝，脚脖子

anniversary 周年，周年纪念日 announce 宣布，发表 annoy 使生气，使恼火 annual 每年的，年报 another 另一；别的 answer 回答，答复 ant 蚂蚁

Antarctic 南极的；南极区 antique 古代的，古物 anxiety 焦虑，担心 anxious 焦虑的，渴望的 any 一些，任何

anybody 任何人，无论谁 anyhow 无论如何；总之 anyone 无论谁，任何人 anything 任何事，一切 anyway 不管怎样说，总之 anywhere 无论哪里，任何地方 apart 分开，相距 apartment 房间

专升本大纲词汇表

apologize 道歉；辩解 apology 道歉；辩护 apparent 表面的，显然的 appeal 请求，呼吁，上诉 appear 出现，显露 appearance显露，外观 appendix 附录；附属物 appetite 胃口；爱好；欲望 applaud 喝彩，欢呼 apple 苹果，苹果树 applicant 申请人

application 申请，申请表，实用 apply 申请，应用 appoint 任命，委派，指定 appointment 约会，认命 appreciate 欣赏，鉴别 appreciation 欣赏，鉴别 approach 接近，走近，处理 appropriate 适当的，拨款，占用 approval 同意，赞成，批准 approve 赞成，同意，批准 approximately近似的，大约 apron 围裙

arbitrary 任意的，武断的，专断的arch 拱形，用拱连接 architect 建筑师，设计师 architecture 建筑，建筑学

成才热线：

第五篇：成人高考专升本英语写作一

成人高考专升本英语写作范文一

Ⅴ.Writing(20 points)

Directions:

For this part, you are allowed 20 minutes to write a short composition of about 80 words on the title: Where to Live-in the City or in the Country? Base your composition on the outline given below.1.一些人喜欢住在城市，因为城市生活有许多便利。

2.但有些人喜欢住在农村。

3.我认为，……

答案

Ⅴ.Writing

Where to live —in the City or in the Country

Some people like living in the city because city life has many advantages.They think there are more job opportunities in cities, life there is more colorful and meaningful than that in the country, and there are more modern conveniences in cities for people to enjoy.But some other people prefer to live in the countryside.They say life in the countryside is closer to nature and better for their health, life there is quieter and that country people are more honest than city people.I would like to live in a city when I am young to earn enough money and I live in the countryside when I am old for having a quite life.范文二V.Writing

Direction： For this part，you are supposed to write an announcement in 100-120 words based on the following situation.Remember to write it clearly

假定你是Jack，给在无锡新区工作的笔友王强写信，要点如下：，1.非常高兴得知王强在准备高考，並鼓励他一定能克服各种困难取得好成绩。

2.告诉他你将去无锡旅游，你将乘火车于5月1日早晨6点到达，请他接站，并请他帮你安排1至4日的住宿(旅馆最好靠近市中心，房间可以小一些，但不要太贵)。

3.此外，你还要他帮你订5日返回上海的火车票。

注意：词数应为120左右。

Dear Wang Qiang，I'm glad to learn that you are busy preparing for college entrance exams.Where there is a strong will，there is a success.I am sure that you will overcome all kinds of difficulties in your study

I'm planning to go to Wuxi and look around in the city for a few days.I'll take the train and arrive at 6 o'clock a.m.on May 1st.Will you please come and meet me at the station? I'm going to stay in Wuxi till May 4th.Please help me book a hotel room.I hope to stay in a hotel around the downtown area but the price shouldn't be very high.I don't mind if the room is small.Another thing.Can you book a ticket for me back to Shanghai on 4th?

All the best，Jack