第一篇:2003年成人高考高起点英语试题及答案
2003年成人高考(高起点)英语试卷及答案
一.语音知识(共5小题;每题1.5分,共7.5分。)
在下列每组单词中,有一个单词的划线部分与其他单词的划线部分的读音不同。找出这个词。
1.A.piece B.cheek C.dealt D.receive
2.A.glove B.stone C.globe D.spoke
3.A.flew B.knew C.threw D.grew
4.A.hotel B.hopeless C.holiday D.honest
5.A.society B.precious C.decision D.medicine 二.词汇与语法知识(共25小题;每题1.5分,共37.5分。)
从每小题的四个选择项中,选出最佳的一项。
6.Allen _______ any good job since he came to New York City two years ago.A.hasn't found B.didn‘t find
C.doesn't find D.hadn‘t found
7.“Let me _______ you,”said my boss,“you should call me immediately after you arrive at the airport.”
A.ask B.advise C.remember D.remind
8.The boys spent the whole morning _______ possible answers to the question.A.discuss B.and discussing
C.discussing D.and discussed
9.This village ______ to be the place in which Ernest Hemingway,one of the greatest American writers,wrote this story.A.is believing B.is believed
C.believes D.believe
10.It's reported that by the end of last month the sale of the company ______ by 10%.A.has risen B.had been rising
C.had risen D.has been rising
11.-How _________ will you be able to finish the painting?
-In a couple of hours.A.soon B.often
C.long D.fast
12.______ any friends in the city,he felt quite lonely and helpless.A.No to have B.No having
C.Not to have D.Not having
13.Dr.White was away to the South last month,so he didn't attend the meeting _______ in Beijing.A.having held B.to hold
C.to be held D.held
14._______ at his paper over the weekend,Neil didn't finish it.A.As he worked hard
B.Hard as he worked
C.How he worked hard
D.How hard he worked
15.-Are you satisfied with her work,sir?
-Not at all.It couldn't be any _______.A.better B.best
C.worse D.worst
16.That was _______ matter that I had no choice but to talk it over with my parents.A.a such serious B.a so serious
C.such serious a D.so serious a
17.This disease is second only _______ heart attack as a cause of death all over the world.A.to B.of
C.with D.from
18.The word is new to us.You'd better ______ in the dictionary.A.look at it B.look for it
C.look it up D.look it out
19.If there is no one _______ him with the preparation,he will have to put off the meeting.A.help B.to help
C.helps D.helped
20.As soon as she _______ open the letter,Mrs.White will find out what has happened to her husband.A.tears B.is tearing
C.will tear D.has torn
21.______ the government argees to give extra money,the theatre will have to be closed next month.A.Unless B.If
C.Since D As
22.To reduce weight,plastic has taken _______ of iron and steel in making boats.A.its place B.place
C.the place D.a place
23.-Let me help you with your suitcase.-________.A.You're very nice
B.Yes,you're so helpful
C.No,I can do
D.It's very kind of you
24.These three English novels are for you.The rest _______ for the other students in your class.A.were B.is
C.are D.was
25.You _______ have seen Jane in her office last Friday;she's been out of town for two weeks.A.couldn't B.mustn‘t
C.wouldn't D.shouldn‘t
26.Henry never said that he was good at maths,_______ he?
A.was B.did
C.didn't D.wasn‘t
27.The little girl showed the policeman the corner _______ she was knocked off her bike.A.and B.which
C.that D.where
28.The snow was so deep that the climbers could not ________ to the camp.A.get over B.get along
C.get through D.get around
29.In need of money,Bob had to take ______ job that was offered to him.A.whatever B.no matter what
C.whichever D.no matter which
30.My friend and I would like to go to the concert,but ________ of us has got a ticket.A.both B.none
C.neither D.all
三.完形填空(共20小题;每题1.5分,共30分)
通读下面的短文,掌握其大意。然后,从每小题的四个选择项中选出可填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
I once went to a town in the north of England on business.It was about 7:30 in the evening when I reached the hotel.The manageress,a strict old lady of about 60,showed me to my room.When I asked her what time dinner was,she said there was only one sitting at 6:30,and I had 31it.“Never mind,”I said.“I'm not very 32.I‘ll just have a drink in the bar(酒吧)and a sandwich.”
“Bar!”she 33her voice.“This is a respectable hotel,young man.If you want 34,you must go somewhere else.”She spoke 35a glass of beer was a dangerous drug.I went to a bar and had some beer and sandwiches and then went to the cinema.At about 11:30 I 36.Everything was in darkness.I knocked at the door,but nothing happened.The 37sound was the church clock opposite,which suddenly struck the half-hour with such 38that it made me jump.39a window opened upstairs.The old lady 40and asked me what was going on.I explained who I was and she let me 41after ten minutes'wait.She was in her nightdress.She told me seriously that guests were 42to be back in the hotel by 11 o‘clock.I went to bed but could not sleep.Every quarter of an hour the church clock struck and at midnight the whole hotel shook with the noise.Just before dawn,I finally 43.When I arrived at 44,everyone else had nearly 45and there was not enough coffee to go round.“Did you 46well,young man?”the old lady asked.“47,I don't think I could go through 48night in that room,”I replied.“I hardly slept at all.”
“That's because you were 49all night drinking!”she said angrily,putting 50to the conversation.31.A.had B.passed C.missed D.caught
32.A.hungry B.sleepy C.tired D.happy
33.A.lost B.lowered C.dropped D.raised
34.A.beer B.coffee C.milk D.tea
35.A.even if B.since C.although D.as if
36.A.went to bed B.walked to a club
C.returned to the hotel D.drove to a restaurant
37.A.only B.sharp C.sweet D.last
38.A.effort B.force C.power D.attraction
39.A.Firstly B.Wonderfully C.Unfortunately D.Finally
40.A.came out B.got up C.looked out D.woke up
41.A.down B.out C.back D.in
42.A.ordered B.expected C.taught D.encouraged
43.A.fell asleep B.went to bed C.got up D.gave in
44.A.a decision B.breakfast C.once D.the office
45.A.arrived B.done C.finished D.started
46.A.play B.sleep C.eat D.do
47.A.First of all B.Never mind C.To tell you the truth D.As a result
48.A.one B.another C.such D.any
49.A.away B.here C.down D.up
50.A.an end B.a saying C.a joke D.a pause
四.阅读理解(共15小题;每题2分,共30分。)
阅读下列短文,然后根据短文的内容从每小题的四个选择项中选出最佳的一项。
A
There was a river with a small town on either side of it.The towns were linked by a bridge.One day,a hole appeared in the bridge.Both towns agreed that the hole should be mended.However,disagreement came up as to who should mend it.Each town thought that it had a better reason for the other to mend the hole.The town on the right bank said that it was at the end of the road,so the left-bank town should mend the hole.The town on the left bank,on the other hand,insisted that all the traffic came to the right-bank town,so it was in their interest to mend the bridge.The quarrel went on and on,and so did the hole.The more it went on,the more the hostility between the two towns grew.One day a man fell into the hole and broke his leg.People from both towns questioned him closely about whether he was walking from the right bank to the left or from the left bank to the right,in order to decide which town should be blamed for the accident.But he could not remember,since he got drunk that night.Some time later,a car was crossing the bridge and broke an axle(轴)because of the hole.Neither town paid any attention to the accident,as the traveler was not going from one to the other,but was merely passing through.The angry traveler got out of the car and asked why the hole was not mended.On hearing the reason,he declared,“I'll buy this hole.Who‘s the owner?”
Both towns at once declared that they owned the hole.“One or the other,whoever owns the hole must prove it.”
“How shall we prove it?”asked both sides.“That's simple.Only the owner of the hole has the right to mend it.I‘ll buy the hole from whoever mends the bridge.”
People from both towns rushed to do the job while the traveler smoked a cigar and his driver changed the axle.They mended the bridge in no time and asked for the money for the hole.“What hole?”The traveler looked surprised.“I can't see any hole.I‘ve been looking for a hole for several years now.I'm prepared to pay a good price for it,but there’s no hole here.Are you pulling my leg or what?”
He got into his car and drove off.51.What did the two towns quarrel about?
A.Which of them should mend the hole.B.Whether the hole should be mended.C.Why there was a hole in the bridge.D.When they should mend the hole.52.The man who had fallen into the hole failed to answer any questions because he ______.A.had one of his legs broken
B.was busy changing the axle
C.had drunk too much wine
D.was afraid to blame anybody
53.Both towns rushed to mend the hole in order to prove that ______.A.they owned the whole bridge
B.they had the right to sell the hole
C.they were able to mend the hole
D.they could afford to mend the hole
54.In“Are you pulling my leg or what?”,the phrase pulling my leg refers to ______.A.trying to stop me
B.laughing at me
C.putting me in trouble
D.making fun of me
B
Scientists have searched for many years for a method to tell whether a volcano(火山)explosion will be small or large.Now,four scientists say they have discovered something in lava(熔岩)that will help do this.They did the research on Mount Unzen on the southern Japanese island of Kyushu.Mount Unzen exploded in November,1990.Since then,more explosions have killed 43 people and destroyed the homes of more than 2,000 others.The volcano is still active today.The scientists say the lava of the volcano contains high level of an element(成份),which is a sign of the presence of the lava from deep in the earth,not from the surface.They say it shows that the lava coming directly from inside the earth is connected with huge explosions instead of smaller ones.The scientists examined the lava from 18 explosions of Mount Unzen that took place during many thousands of years.They also studied the lava from other volcanoes in the area that are older than Mount Unzen.The lava studied came from both large and small explosions.The scientists found that large explosions contained more of the element than small ones.The scientists say if they had known this two years earlier,they could have warned the people living in the area near Mount Unzen and saved many lives.55.From the passage we learn that Mount Unzen is the name of ______.A.a huge volcano explosion
B.a Japanese island
C.an active volcano
D.a kind of lava
56.The four scientists discovered that the level of the element contained in the lava could tell ______.A.the degree of a volcano explosion
B.the place of a possible explosion
C.the number of volcano explosions
D.the time of a possible explosion
57.The research of the four scientists was based on ______.A.the lava that caused explosions
B.the presence of the lava from the surface
C.the damages caused by the 1990 explosion
D.the lava from different explosions in the area
C
Have you ever argued with your loved ones over simple misunderstandings(误解)?Little wonder.We often believe we're more skillful in getting our point across than we actually are,according to Boza Keysar,a professor at the University of Chicago.In his recent study,speakers tried to express their meanings using unclear sentences.Speakers who thought listeners understood were wrong nearly half the time.Here‘s some good advice to reduce misunderstanding:
(1)Don't trust what you see from the listener.Listeners often nod,look at you or say“uhhuh”to be polite or move the conversation along.But it‘s easy to consider these as signs of understanding.(2)Train the editor(编辑)in your head.If you say,“Beth discusses her problems with her husband,”it's not clear whether she‘s talking to her husband or about him.Try instead,“Beth talks to her husband about her problems.”or“Beth talks to others about the problems with her husband.”
(3)Ask listeners to repeat your message.Introduce your request by saying“I want to be sure I said that right.”Questions like“How does that sound?”or“Does that make sense?”may also work.(4)Listen well.When on the receiving end,ask questions to be sure you're on the same page.After all,it isn‘t just the speaker's job to make his speech understood.58.Why does the writer give us the advice?
A.We're not skillful enough to make clear sentences.B.Misunderstanding is damaging our normal lives.C.Misunderstanding occurs now and then.D.It's impolite to say NO to others.59.The writer suggests that when talking to others,the speaker should ______.A.know that listeners will show him that they understand his words
B.express himself clearly even when he sees signs of understanding
C.notice listener's signs of understanding
D.look directly into his listener's eyes
60.By Train the editor in your head,the speakers are advised _______.A.to get themselves trained by a good editor
B.to discuss problems with their husbands or wives
C.to express themselves in long but simple sentences
D.to make sure each sentence has only one meaning
61.In the last paragraph,the words you're on the same page mean that ______.A.you're following the speakers closely
B.you're reading the same page as the speaker does
C.you should know which page the speaker refers to
D.your story is written on the same page as the speaker's
B
While acting may run in the family,it wasn't Angelina Jolie‘s only choice when thinking about her future.Although Jolie has studied her craft(技艺)since childhood,at one point the 26-year-old,who stars this month in Tomb Raider with her father,actor John Voight,wanted to be a funeral(殡葬)director.“I thought that the crossing over could be a beautiful thing and a time of comfort when people could reach out to each other.”
Tradition(传统)is always attractive and interesting to Jolie,who moved with her mother,Marcheline Bertand,and brother after her parents separated when she was two.“I never had one home.I never had an attic(阁楼)that had old things in it.We always moved,so I was never rooted anywhere.And I always dreamed of having that attic of things that I could go back and have a look.I'm very drawn to some things that are tradition,that are roots,and I think that may be why I paid such special attention to funerals.”
Finally,she chose acting.“Following in my father's footsteps,”she says,“is an interesting thing,because I think we speak to each other through our work.You don‘t really know your parents in a certain way,and they don't really know you.So he can watch a film and see how I am as a woman,the way I’m dealing with a husband who's been hurt,or the way I‘m crying alone.”
“And it's the same for me:I can watch films of his and just see who he is.I‘ve learned to understand him as a person.”
62.The passage is about a woman who _______.A.was once a funeral director
B.is the leading actress in Tomb Raider
C.wants an attic to live in
D.was hurt by her husband
63.Which of the following can best support Tradition is always attractive and interesting to Jolie?
A.Jolie longed to have old things from her childhood.B.Having more than one home is always interesting to Jolie.C.Jolie's parents separated when she was very young.D.Tradition is always rooted somewhere.64.The words Following in my father's footsteps most probably mean ______.A.listening to my father's advice
B.taking my father as an example
C.walking after my father
D.looking for my father's footsteps
65.Angelina Jolie finally chose acting because she thought she and her father could _______.A.work together several months a year
B.bring into memory what happened in the past
C.pay attention to things they are interested in
D.get to know each other through their films
第II卷
注意事项:
1.第II卷共4页,用钢笔或圆珠笔直接答在试卷上。
2.答卷前将密封线内的项目填写清楚。
五.补全对话(共5句;每句满分为3分,共15分。)
根据中文提示,将对话中缺少的内容写在线上。这些句子必须符合英语表达习惯。打句号的地方,用陈述句;打问号的地方,用疑问句。
提示:Jane和Michael商量周末去野餐。他们讨论要去什么地方,带些什么。Michael建议邀请John和他的女朋友参加。最后他们决定星期六早上8点出发。
Jane:How do you like the idea of having a picnic this Saturday?
Michael:Wonderful.But 66?
Jane:What about going to the Western Hills?It's quite cool there.Michael:That's a good idea.67to go with us?
Jane:OK.And we can ask them to prepare some drinks.Michael:68?
Jane:You'd better buy some fruit,and sandwiches.Michael:69?
Jane:I like oranges,watermelons,grapes,and bananas.Michael:70?
Jane:How about 8 in the morning?We can get there in an hour and a half.Michael:OK.I'll call John and tell him about our plan.六.书面表达(满分30分)
假定你是John,将去上海旅游。写一封信给你在上海的朋友张强,告诉他你将乘火车于10月21日上午8点到达上海,请他接站,并请他帮你安排21至24日的住宿(旅馆最好靠近市中心,房间可以小一些,但不要太贵)。此外,你还要他帮你订24日返回北京的火车票。
注意:词数应为100左右。
Oct.15
Dear Zhang Qiang,__________________________________________________________________________
All the best,John
参考答案:
选择题:
1.C2.A3.B4.D5.B6.A 7.D8.C9.B10.C11.A12.D 13.D14.B15.C16.D17.A18.C
19.B20.A21.A22.C23.D24.C 25.A26.B27.D28.C29.A30.B 31.C32.A33.D34.A35.D36.C
37.A38.B39.D40.C41.D42.B 43.A44.B45.C46.B47.C48.B 49.D50.A51.A52.C53.B54.D
55.C56.A57.D58.C59.B60.D 61.A62.B63.A64.B65.D
五.补全对话:参考答案:
66.where shall we go / where shall we have the picnic
67.Shall we invite John and his girlfriend
68.What should I do then(for the picnic)
69.What kind of fruit should I buy(/ do you like)
70.When shall we start off / When shall we leave for the picnic
评分说明:
本题应补入5处,每处3分,共15分。补入的部分内容恰当、语句正确、通顺的给满分。与答案不同但意思、语言无错误的不扣分。大体正确的,给2分。句子结构或用词有毛病但尚能达意的,给1分。句子结构或用词有严重错误的,给0.5分或不给分。完全错误或只写个别单词的不给分。每句中的拼写错误每1-2处扣0.5分,不倒扣分。
六.书面表达
(一)评分原则:
1.本题总分为30分,按5个档次给分。
2.评分时,先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来衡量,确定或调整档次,最后给分。
3.词数少于80和多于120的,从总分中减去2分。
4.评分时,应注意的主要内容为:内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和 准确性、上下文的连贯性及语言的得体性。
5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面,评分时,应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
6.如书写较差,以至影响交际,将分数降低一个档次。
(二)内容要点:
1.去上海旅游;
2.到达的时间,请接站;
3.安排住宿;
4.要求旅馆靠近市中心,不能太贵,房间可以小一些;
5.订返回北京的车票。
(三)各档次的给分范围和要求:
第五档(很好):(25-30分)
完全完成了试题规定的任务。
--覆盖所有内容要点。
--应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。
--语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误,但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致;具备较强的语言运用能力。
--有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使全文结构紧凑。
完全达到了预期的写作目的。
第四档(好):(19-24分)
完全完成了试题规定的任务。
--虽漏掉了1、2个次重点,但覆盖所有主要内容。
--应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
--语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确,些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。
--应用简单的语句间连接成分,使全文结构紧凑。
达到了预期的写作目的。
第三档(适当):(13-18分)
基本完成了试题规定的任务
--虽漏掉一些内容,但覆盖所有主要内容。
--应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
--有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误,但不影响理解。
--应用简单的语句间连接成分,使全文内容连贯。
整体而言,基本达到了预期的写作目的。
第二档(较差):(7-12分)
未恰当完成试题规定的任务。
漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容,写了一些无关内容。
语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。
有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误,影响了对写作内容的理解。
较少使用语句间的连接成分,内容缺少连贯性。
信息未能清楚地传达给读者。
第一档(差):(1-6分)
未完成试题规定的任务。
明显遗漏主要内容,写了一些无关内容,原因可能是未理解试题要求。
语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。
较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误,影响对写作内容的理解。
缺乏语句间的连接成分,内容不连贯。
信息未能传达给读者。
0分
未能传达给读者任何信息:内容太少,无法评判;写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。
(四)说明:
1.内容要点可用不同方式表达。
2.对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分。
(五)One possible version:
Oct.15
Dear Zhang Qiang,How are you doing recently?I‘m planning to go to Shanghai and look around in the city for a few days.I’ll take the train and arrive at 8 o‘clock a.m.on October 21st.Will you please come and meet me at the station?I’m going to stay in Shanghai till October 24th.Please help me book a hotel room.I hope to stay in a hotel around the downtown area but the price shouldn‘t be very high.I don’t mind if the room is small.Another thing.Can you book a ticket for me back to Beijing on 24th?
All the best,John
第二篇:2004年成人高考英语试题及答案(高起点)
华人民共和国劳动法
第一章 总
则 第二章 促进就业 第三章 劳动合同和集体合同 第四章 工作时间和休息休假 第五章 工
资 第六章 劳动安全卫生 第七章 女职工和未成年工特殊保护 第八章 职业培训 第九章 社会保险和福利 第十章 劳动争议 第十一章 监督检查 第十二章 法律责任 第十三章 附
则
中华人民共和国劳动法》已由中华人民共和国第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第八次会议于1994年7月5日通过,现予公布,自1995年1月1日起施行。
中华人民共和国主席 江泽民 1994年7月5日
中华人民共和国劳动法第一章 总
则
第一条 为了保护劳动者的合法权益,调整劳动关系,建立和维护适应社会主义市场经济的劳动制度,促进经济发展和社会进步,根据宪法,制定本法。
第二条 在中华人民共和国境内的企业、个体经济组织(以下统称用人单位)和与之形成劳动关系的劳动者,适用本法。
第三条 劳动者享有平等就业和选择职业的权利、取得劳动报酬的权利、休息休假的权利、获得劳动安全卫生保护的权利、接受职业技能培训的权利、享受社会保险和福利的权利、提请劳动争议处理的权利以及法律规定的其他劳动权利。
劳动者应当完成劳动任务,提高职业技能,执行劳动安全卫生规程,遵守劳动纪律和职业道德。
第四条 用人单位应当依法建立和完善规章制度,保障劳动者享有劳动权利和履行劳动义务。
第五条 国家采取各种措施,促进劳动就业,发展职业教育,制定劳动标准,调节社会收入,完善社会保险,协调劳动关系,逐步提高劳动者的生活水平。
第六条 国家提倡劳动者参加社会主义义务劳动,开展劳动竞赛和合理化建议活动,鼓励和保护劳动者进行科学研究、技术革新和发明创造,表彰和奖励劳动模范和先进工作者。
第七条 劳动者有权依法参加和组织工会。
工会代表和维护劳动者的合法权益,依法独立自主地开展活动。
第八条 劳动者依照法律规定,通过职工大会、职工代表大会或者其他形式,参与民主管理或者就保护劳动合法权益与用人单位进行平等协商。
第九条 国务院劳动行政部门主管全国劳动工作。
县级以上地方人民政府劳动行政部门主管本行政区域内的劳动工作。第二章 促进就业
第十条 国家通过促进经济和社会发展,创造就业条件,扩大就业机会。
国家鼓励企业、事业组织、社会团体在法律、行政法规规定的范围内兴办产业或者拓展经营,增加就业。
国家支持劳动者自愿组织起来就业和从事个体经营实现就业。
第十一条 地方各级人民政府应当采取措施,发展多种类型的职业介绍机构,提供就业服务。
第十二条 劳动者就业,不因民族、种族、性别、宗教信仰不同而受歧视。
第十三条 妇女享有与男子平等的就业权利。在录用职工时,除国家规定的不适合妇女的工种或者岗位外,不得以性别为由拒绝录用妇女或者提高对妇女的录用标准。
第十四条 残疾人、少数民族人员、退出现役的军人的就业,法律、法规有特别规定的,从其规定。
第十五条 禁止用人单位招用未满16岁的未成年人,必须依照国家有关规定,履行审批手续,并保障其接受义务教育的权利。
第三章 劳动合同和集体合同
第十六条 劳动合同是劳动者与用人单位确立劳动关系、明确双方权利和义务的协议。
建立劳动关系应当订立劳动合同。
第十七条 订立和变更劳动合同,应当遵循平等自愿、协商一致的原则,不得违反法律、行政法规的规定。
劳动合同依法订立即具有法律约束力,当事人必须履行劳动合同规定的义务。
第十八条 下列劳动合同无效:
(一)违反法律、行政法规的劳动合同;
(二)采取欺诈、威胁等手段订立的劳动合同。
无效的劳动合同,从订立的时候起,就没有法律约束力。确认劳动合同部分无效的,如果不影响其余部分的效力,其余部分仍然有效。
劳动合同的无效,由劳动争议仲裁委员会或者人民法院确认。
第十九条 劳动合同应当以书面形式订立,并具备以下条款:
(一)劳动合同期限;
(二)工作内容;
(三)劳动保护和劳动条件;
(四)劳动报酬;
(五)劳动纪律;
(六)劳动合同终止的条件;
(七)违反劳动合同的责任。
劳动合同除前款规定的必备条款外,当事人可以协商约定其他内容。
第二十条 劳动合同的期限分为有固定期限、无固定期限和以完成一定的工作为期限。
劳动者在同一用人单位连续工作满10年以上,当事人双方同意续延劳动合同的,如果劳动者提出订立无固定限期的劳动合同,应当订立无固定限期的劳动合同。
第二十一条 劳动合同可以约定试用期。试用期最长不得超过6个月。
第二十二条 劳动合同当事人可以在劳动合同中约定保守用人单位商业秘密的有关事项。
第二十三条 劳动合同期满或者当事人约定的劳动合同终止条件出现,劳动合同即行终止。
第二十四条 经劳动合同当事人协商一致,劳动合同可以解除。
第二十五条 劳动者有下列情形之一的,用人单位可以解除劳动合同:
(一)在试用期间被证明不符合录用条件的;
(二)严重违反劳动纪律或者用人单位规章制度的;
(三)严重失职、营私舞弊,对用人单位利益造成造成重大损害的;
(四)被依法追究刑事责任的。
第二十六条 有下列情形之一的,用人单位可以解除劳动合同,但是应当提前30日以书面形式通知劳动者本人:
(一)劳动者患病或者非因工负伤,医疗期满后,不能从事原工作也不能从事由用人单位另行安排的工作的;
(二)劳动者不能胜任工作,经过培训或者调整工作岗位,仍不能胜任工作的;
(三)劳动合同订立时所依据的客观情况发生重大变化,致使原劳动合同无法履行,经当事人协商不能就变更劳动合同达成协议的。
第二十七条 用人单位濒临破产进行法定整顿期间或者生产经营状况发生严重困难,确需裁减人员的,应当提前30日向工会或者全体员工说明情况,听取工会或者职工的意见,经向劳动行政部门报告后,可以裁减人员。
用人单位依据本条规定裁减人员,在6个月内录用人员的,应当优先录用被裁减人员。
第二十八条 用人单位依据本法第二十四条、第二十六条、第二十七条的规定解除劳动合同的,应当依照国家有关规定给予经济补偿。
第二十九条 劳动者有下列情形之一的,用人单位不得依据本法第二十六条、第二十七条的规定解除劳动合同:
(一)患职业病或者因工负伤并被确认丧失或者部分丧失劳动能力的;
(二)患病或者负伤,在规定的医疗期内的;
(三)女职工在孕期、产期、哺乳期的;
(四)法律、行政法规规定的其他情形。
第三十条 用人单位解除劳动合同,工会认为不适当的,有权提出意见。如果用人单位违反法律、法规或者劳动合同,工会有权要求重新处理;劳动者申请仲裁或者提起诉讼的,工会应当依法给予支持和帮助。
第三十一条 有下列情形之一的,劳动者可以随时通知用人单位解除劳动合同:
(一)在试用期内的;
(二)用人单位以暴力、威胁或者非法限制人身自由的手段强迫劳动的;
(三)用人单位未按照劳动合同约定支付劳动报酬或者提供劳动条件的。
第三十三条 企业职工一方与企业可以就劳动报酬、工作时间、休息休假、劳动安全卫生、保险福利等事项,签定集体合同。集体合同草案应当提交职工代表大会或者全体职工讨论通过。
集体合同由工会代表职工与企业签定;没有建立工会的企业,又职工推举的代表与企业签定。
第三十四条 集体合同签定后应当报送劳动行政部门;劳动行政部门自收到集体合同文本之日起15日内未提出异议的,集体合同即行生效。
第三十五条 依法签定的集体合同对企业和企业全体职工具有约束力。职工个人与企业订立的劳动合同中劳动条件和劳动报酬等标准不得低于集体合同的规定。
第四章 工作时间和休息休假
第三十六条 国家实行劳动者每日工作时间不超过8小时、平均每周工作时间不超过44小时的工时制度。
第三十七条 对实行计件工作的劳动者,用人单位应当根据本法第三十六条规定的工时制度合理确定其劳动定额和计件报酬标准。
第三十八条 用人单位应当保证劳动者每周至少休息1日。
第三十九条 企业应生产特点不能实行本法第三十六条、第三十八条规定的,经劳动行政部门批准,可以实行其他工作和休息办法。
第四十条 用人单位在下列节日期间应当依法安排劳动者休假:
(一)元旦;
(二)春节;
(三)国际劳动节;
(四)国庆节;
(五)法律、法规规定的其他休假节日。
第四十一条 用人单位由于生产经营需要,经与工会和劳动者协商后可以延长工作时间,一般每日不得超过1小时;因特殊原因需要延长工作时间的在保障劳动者身体健康的条件下延长工作时间每日不得超过3小时,但是每月不得超过36小时。
第四十二条 有下列情形之一的,延长工作时间不受本法第四十一条规定的限制:
(一)发生自然灾害、事故或者因其他原因,威胁劳动者生命健康和财产安全,需要紧急处理的;
(二)生产设备、交通运输线路、公共设施发生故障,影响生产和公众利益,必须及时抢修的;
(三)法律、行政法规规定的其他情形。
第四十三条 用人单位不得违反本法规定延长劳动者的工作时间。
第四十四条 有下列情形之一的,用人单位应当按照下列标准支付高于劳动者正常工作时间工资的工资报酬:
(一)安排劳动者延长时间的,支付不低于工资的百分之一百五十的工资报酬;
(二)休息日安排劳动者工作又不能安排补休的,支付不低于工资的百分之二百的工资报酬;
(三)法定休假日安排劳动者工作的,支付不低于工资的百分之三百的工资报酬。
第四十五条 国家实行带薪年休假制度。
劳动者连续工作1年以上的,享受带薪年休假。具体办法由国务院规定。
第五章 工 资
第四十六条 工资分配应当遵循按劳分配原则,实行同工同酬。
工资水平在经济发展的基础上逐步提高。国家对工资总量实行宏观调控。
第四十七条 用人单位根据本单位的生产经营特点和经济效益,依法自主确定本单位的工资分配方式和工资水平。
第四十八条 国家实行最低工资保障制度。最低工资的具体标准由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府规定,抱国务院备案。
第四十九条 确定和调整最低工资标准应当综合参考下列因素:
(一)劳动者本人及平均赡养人口的最低生活费用;
(二)社会平均工资水平;
(三)劳动生产率;
(四)就业状况;
(五)地区之间经济发展水平的差异。
第五十条 工资应当以货币形式按月支付给劳动者本人。不得克扣或者无故拖欠劳动者的工资。
第五十一条 劳动者在法定休假日和婚丧假期间以及依法参加社会活动期间,用人单位应当依法支付工资。
第六章 劳动安全卫生
第五十二条 用人单位必须建立、健全劳动卫生制度,严格执行国家劳动安全卫生规程和标准,对劳动者进行劳动安全卫生教育,防止劳动过程中的事故,减少职业危害。
第五十三条 劳动安全卫生设施必须符合国家规定的标准。
新建、改建、扩建工程的劳动安全卫生设施必须与主题同时设计、同时施工、同时投入生产和使用。
第五十四条 用人单位必须为劳动者提供符合国家规定的劳动安全卫生条件和必要的劳动防护用品,对从事有职业危害作业的劳动者应当定期进行健康检查。
第五十五条 从事特种作业的劳动者必须经过专门培训并取得特种作业资格。
第五十六条 劳动者在劳动过程中必须严格遵守安全操作规程。
劳动者对用人单位管理人员违章指挥、强令冒险作业,有权拒绝执行;对危害生命安全和身体健康的行为,有权提出批评、检举和控告。
第五十七条 国家建立伤亡和职业病统计报告和处理制度。县级以上各级人民政府劳动行政部门、有关部门和用人单位应当依法对劳动者在劳动过程中发生的伤亡事故和劳动者的职业病状况,进行统计、报告和处理。
第七章 女职工和未成年工特殊保护
第五十八条 国家对女职工和未成年工实行特殊劳动保护。
未成年工是指年满16周岁未满18周岁的劳动者。
第五十九条 禁止安排女职工从事矿山井下、国家规定的第四级体力劳动强度的劳动和其他禁忌从事的劳动。
第六十条 不得安排女职工在经期从事高处、低温、冷水作业和国家规定的第三级体力劳动强度的劳动。
第六十一条 不得安排女职工在怀孕期间从事国家国家规定的第三级体力劳动强度的劳动和孕期禁忌从事的劳动。对怀孕7个月以上的女职工,不得安排其延长工作时间和夜班劳动。
第六十二条 女职工生育享受不少于90天的产假。
第六十三条 不得安排女职工在哺乳未满1周岁的婴儿期间从事国家规定的第三级体力劳动强度的劳动和哺乳期禁忌从事的其他劳动,不得安排其延长工作时间和夜班劳动。
第六十四条 不得安排未成年工从事矿山井下、有毒有害、国家规定的第四级体力劳动强度的劳动和其他禁忌从事的劳动。
第六十五条 用人单位应当对未成年工定期进行健康检查。
第八章 职业培训
第六十六条 国家通过各种途径,采取各种措施,发展职业培训事业,开发劳动者的职业技能,提高劳动者素质,增强劳动者的就业能力和工作能力。
第六十七条 各级人民政府应当把发展职业培训纳入社会经济发展的规划,鼓励和支持有条件的企业、事业组织、社会团体和个人进行各种形式的职业培训。
第六十八条 用人单位应当建立职业培训制度,按照国家规定提取和使用职业培训经费,根据本单位实际,有计划地对劳动者进行职业培训。
从事技术工种的劳动者,上岗前必须经过培训。
第六十九条 国家确定职业分类,对规定的职业制度职业技能标准,实行职业资格证书制度,由经过政府批准的考核鉴定机构负责对劳动者实施职业技能考核鉴定。
第九章 社会保险和福
第七十条 国家发展社会保险,建立社会保险制度,设立社会保险基金,使劳动者在年老、患病、工伤、失业、生育等情况下获得帮助和补偿。
第七十一条 社会保险水平应当与社会经济发展水平和社会承受能力相适应。
第七十二条 社会保险基金按照保险类型确定资金来源,逐步实行社会统筹。用人单位和劳动者必须依法参加社会保险,缴纳社会保险费。
第七十三条 劳动者在下列情形下,依法享受社会保险待遇:
(一)退休;
(二)患病;
(三)因工伤残或者患职业病;
(四)失业;
(五)生育。
劳动者死亡后,其遗属依法享受遗属津贴。
劳动者享受社会保险待遇的条件和标准由法律、法规规定。
劳动者享受的社会保险金必须按时足额支付。
第七十四条 社会保险基金经办机构依照法律规定收支、管理和运营社会保险基金,并负有使社会保险基金保值增值的责任。
社会保险基金监督机构依照法律规定,对社会保险基金的收支、管理和运营实施监督。
社会保险基金经办机构和社会保险基金监督机构的设立和职能由法律规定。
任何组织和个人不得挪用社会保险基金。
第七十五条 国家鼓励用人单位根据本单位实际情况为劳动者建立补充保险。
国家提倡劳动者个人进行储蓄性保险。
第七十六条 国家发展社会福利事业,兴建公共福利设施,为劳动者休息、修养和疗养提供条件。
用人单位应当创造条件,改善集体福利,提高劳动者的福利待遇。
第十章 劳动争议
第七十七条 用人单位与劳动者发生劳动争议,当事人可以依法申请调解、仲裁、提起诉讼,也可以协商解决。
调解原则适用于仲裁和诉讼程序。
第七十八条 解决劳动争议,应当根据合法、公正、及时处理的原则,依法维护劳动争议当事人的合法权益。
第七十九条 劳动争议发生后,当事人可以向本单位劳动争议调解委员会申请调解;调解不成,当事人一方要求仲裁的,可以向劳动争议仲裁委员会申请仲裁。当事人一方也可以直接向劳动争议仲裁委员会申请仲裁。对仲裁裁决不服的,可以向人民法院提出诉讼。
第八十条 在用人单位内,可以设立劳动争议调解委员会。劳动争议调解委员会由职工代表、用人单位代表和工会代表组成。劳动争议调解委员会主任又工会代表担任。
劳动争议经调解达成协议的,当事人应当履行。
第八十一条 劳动争议仲裁委员会由劳动行政部门代表、同级工会代表、用人单位代表方面的代表组成。劳动争议仲裁委员会主任由劳动行政部门代表担任。
第八十二条 提出仲裁要求的一方应当自劳动争议发生之日起60日内向劳动争议仲裁委员会提出书面申请。仲裁裁决一般应在收到仲裁申请的60日内作出。对仲裁裁决无异议的,当事人必须履行。
第八十三条 劳动争议当事人对仲裁裁决不服的,可以自收到仲裁裁决书之日起15日内向人民法院提起诉讼。一方当事人在法定期限内不起诉又不履行仲裁裁决的,另一方当事人可以申请强制执行。
第八十四条 因签定集体合同发生争议,当事人协商解决不成的,当地人民政府劳动行政部门可以组织有关各方协调处理。
因履行集体合同发生争议,当事人协商解决不成的,可以向劳动争议仲裁委员会申请仲裁;对仲裁裁决不服的,可以自收到仲裁裁决书之日起15日内向人民法院提出诉讼。
第十一章 监督检查
第八十五条 县级以上各级人民政府劳动行政部门依法对用人单位遵守劳动法律、法规的情况进行监督检查,对违反劳动法律、法规的行为有权制止,并责令改正。
第八十六条 县级以上各级人民政府劳动行政部门监督检查人员执行公务,有权进入用人单位了解执行劳动法律、法规的情况,查阅必要的资料,并对劳动场所进行检查。
县级以上各级人民政府劳动行政部门监督检查人员执行公务,必须出示证件,秉公执法并遵守有关规定。
第八十七条 县级以上各级人民政府有关部门在各自职责范围内,对用人单位遵守劳动法律、法规的情况进行监督。
第八十八条 各级工会依法维护劳动者的合法权益,对用人单位遵守劳动法律、法规的情况进行监督。
任何组织和个人对于违反劳动法律、法规的行为有权检举和控告。
第十二章 法律责任
第八十九条 用人单位制定的劳动规章制度违反法律、法规规定的,由劳动行政部门给予警告,责令改正;对劳动者造成损害的,应当承担赔偿责任。
第九十条 用人单位违反本法律规定,延长劳动者工作时间的,由劳动行政部门给予警告,责令改正,并可以处以罚款。
第九十一条 用人单位有下列侵害劳动者合法权益情形之一的,由劳动行政部门责令支付劳动者的工资报酬、经济补偿,并可以责令支付赔偿金:
(一)克扣或者无故拖欠劳动者工资的;
(二)拒不支付劳动者延长工作时间工资报酬的;
(三)低于当地最低工资标准支付劳动者工资的;
(四)解除劳动合同后,未依照本法规定给予劳动者经济补偿的。
第九十二条 用人单位的劳动安全设施和劳动卫生条件不符合国家规定或者未向劳动者提供必要的劳动防护用品和劳动保护设施的,由劳动行政部门或者有关部门责令改正,可以处以罚款;情节严重的,提请县级以上人民政府决定责令停产整顿;对事故隐患不采取措施,致使发生重大事故,造成劳动者生命和财产损失的,对责任人员比照刑法第一百八十七条的规定追究刑事责任。
第九十三条 用人单位强令劳动者违章冒险作业,发生重大伤亡事故,造成严重后果的,对责任人员依法追究刑事责任。
第九十四条 用人单位非法招用未满16周岁的未成年人的,由劳动行政部门责令改正,处以罚款;情节严重的,由工商行政管理部门吊销营业执照。
第九十五条 用人单位违反本法对女职工和未成年工的保护规定,侵害其合法权益的,由劳动行政部门责令改正,处以罚款;对女职工或者未成年工造成损害的,应当承担赔偿责任。
第九十六条 用人单位有下列行为之一,由公安机关对责任人员处以15日以下拘留、罚款或者警告;构成犯罪的,对责任人员依法追究刑事责任:
(一)以暴力、威胁或者非法限制人身自由的手段强迫劳动的;
(二)侮辱、体罚、殴打、非法搜查和拘禁劳动者的。
第九十七条 由于用人单位的原因订立的无效合同,对劳动者造成损害的,应当承担赔偿责任。
第九十八条 用人单位违反本法规定的条件解除劳动合同或者故意拖延不订立劳动合同的,由劳动行政部门责令改正;对劳动者造成损害的,应当承担赔偿责任。
第九十九条 用人单位招用尚未解除劳动合同的劳动者,对原用人单位造成经济损失的,该用人单位应当依法承担连带赔偿责任。
第一百条 用人单位无故不缴纳社会保险费的,由劳动行政部门责令其限期缴纳;逾期不缴的,可以加收滞纳金。
第一百零一条 用人单位无理阻挠劳动行政部门、有关部门及其工作人员行使监督检查权,打击报复举报人员的,由劳动行政部门或者有关部门处以罚款;构成犯罪的,对责任人员依法追究形事责任。
第一百零二条 劳动者违反本法规定的条件解除劳动合同或者违反劳动合同中约定的保密事项,对用人单位造成经济损失的,应当依法承担赔偿责任。
第一百零三条 劳动行政部门或者有关部门的工作人员滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊,构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任;不构成犯罪的,给予行政处分。
第一百零四条 国家工作人员和社会保险基金经办机构的工作人员挪用社会保险基金,构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。
第一百零五条 违反本法规定侵害劳动者合法权益,其他法律、行政法规已规定处罚的,依照该法律、行政法规的规定处罚。
第十三章 附 则
第一百零六条 省、自治区、直辖市人民政府根据本法和本地区的实际情况,规定劳动合同制度的实施步骤,抱国务院备案。
第一百零七条 本法自1995年1月1日起施行。
第三篇:2009年成人高考英语试题及答案(高起点)
第四模块:作文 专题三十六 新材料作文
(测试时间:90分钟)
阅读并全面理解下面的材料,但可以选择一个侧面、一个角度构思,写一篇不少于800字的作文。自主确定立意,确定文体,确定标题;不要脱离材料的含意作文,不要套作,不得抄袭。
题目是编者加的,只是为了便于识别,不代表话题。1.钥匙与锁
一把坚实的大锁挂在大门上。钥匙来了,它瘦小的身子钻进锁孔,那大锁就啪的一声开了。铁棒奇怪的问:“为什么我费了那么大的力气也打不开,而你却轻而易举地打开了呢?” 钥匙说:“因为我最了解它的心啊!”
2.发问的精神
青蛙见了蜈蚣,好奇地问:“蜈蚣大哥,我四条腿走路都很困难,你有上百条腿,走路时先迈哪一条腿呢?” 蜈蚣听后说:“青蛙老弟,我一直就这么走路,从没想过先迈哪一条腿,等我想一想再回答你。”
蜈蚣站立了几分钟,它一边思考一边向前,蹒跚了几步,终于趴下去了。
它对青蛙说:“请你再也别问其它蜈蚣这个问题!我一直都在这样走路,这根本不成问题!可现在你问我先移动哪一条腿,我也不知道了。搞得我现在连路都不会走了,我该怎么办呢?”
3.惯性
有位老农把一头大水牛拴在一个小小的木桩上。我走上前,对老农说:“大伯,它会跑掉的。” 老农呵呵一笑,语气十分肯定地说:“它不会跑掉的,从来就是这样。”
4.真与假
武汉百姓联线2007年元月八日就一家医院承诺9.9元治好感冒一事采访了几位市民,结果没有一个相信;到该医院去看感冒的病人也不多。
5.思想的三态
凡物有三种状态,思想也有三种状态。
气态的思想是风――它是头脑中的过客,自由地来并自由地去,一般不会留下任何足迹
用心 爱心 专心
纪念或可供考古的文物。气态的思想使人显得活泼乃至年轻,但有时也会使人显得有些漂萍无根乃至朝秦暮楚。
固态的思想是岩石――它是头脑中护灵的门神,捍卫着人生的信念。固态的思想不是每个人都有的――在一个世俗功利的社会中,许多人的头脑中并没有守护灵魂的门神。
液态的思想是水――它是头脑中定而无定的河流的活水!液态的思想汩汩地流淌着,乃至不舍昼夜地流淌着,携带着超人智慧乃至创新思想的意志――既不散逸也不凝固的意志。
6.橘子的味道
我喜欢吃橘子,而我父亲不喜欢吃。有时候我们劝他,橘子富含维生素C啊。他就强调说:“再好的橘子我也不喜欢吃,因为我根本就不喜欢橘子的味道。”
我觉得很遗憾,但他的话突然让我有了想法。是的,作为一个橘子,哪怕是再好的橘子,也照样有人不喜欢。这个世界上的人,各人都有自己所爱的萝卜青菜,通往罗马的道路有千千万万条,很多问题,不是单项选择,答案往往丰富多彩。确定的世界是人为制造的,不确定的世界才是真实的世界。
7.追星
据《楚天都市报》3月29日讯:狂追刘德华13年的兰州女歌迷杨丽娟,25日终于同刘德华合影,但她仍不满足,为了圆女儿的追星梦,其父母节衣缩食,四处借钱,筹措路费,甚至卖掉了自家的唯一住房。为了让刘德华单独见女儿一面,68岁的父亲杨勤冀竟然在香港跳海自杀。然而父亲的死并没有唤醒女儿的梦魇,她仍然坚持要见刘德华。
8.重拾信心
第二次世界大战刚刚结束的时候,人间到处是一片废墟。有两个美国人,去访问一家住在地下室内的德国居民。离开那里以后,两个人在路上谈起了观感。甲问道:“你看他们能重建家园吗?”乙说:“一定能。”甲又问道:“为什么回答得这么肯定?”乙反问道:“你看见他们在黑暗的地下室的桌子上放着什么吗?”甲说:“一瓶鲜花。”乙于是说:“任何一个民族,处在这样困苦艰难的境地,还没有忘记鲜花,那他们一定能在这片废墟上重建家园。”
9.由谁领奖
下面是一幅关于由谁领奖的讽刺漫画。
10.永远第一
有个教授做过一项实验:12年前,他要求他的学生进入一个宽敞的大礼堂,并自由找座位坐下。反复几次后,教授发现有的学生总爱坐前排,有的则盲目随意,四处都坐,还有
用心 爱心 专心
一些人似乎特别钟情后面的座位。教授分别记下了他们的名字。10年后,教授的追踪调查结果显示:爱坐前排的学生中,成功的比例高出其他两类学生很多。
后来,教授语重心长地对新生们说道:“不是说凡事一定要站在最前面,永远第一,而是说这种积极向上的心态十分重要。在漫长的一生中,你们一定要勇争第一,积极坐在前排呀!”
11.态度与人生
曾经有三个帮助报社誊写文稿的年轻人。第一个沉默寡言,只是老老实实地抄写文稿,错字、别字也照抄不误。第二个则非常认真,对每份文稿都先进行认真仔细地检查然后才抄写。遇到错字、病句都要改正过来。第三个则与众不同,他也仔细看每份文稿,但他只抄与自己意见相符的文稿,对那些意见不同的文稿则随手扔掉,一句话也不抄。后来,三个人的命运各不相同,第一个人一直默默无闻;第二个人成为著名的歌词作家;第三个人则掀起了一场轰轰烈烈的革命,成为建国的元勋。
12.琴声
苏轼有一首《琴诗》,诗云: “若言琴上有琴声,放在匣内何不鸣? 若言声在指头上,何不于君指上听?”那么,琴声究竟是从哪里发出来的呢? 13.安宁
●一个小和尚和一个老和尚下山化缘。老和尚背一个姑娘过了河。小和尚一直不敢问,直到走了20里地,觉得太憋闷了,终于就问了,说师父啊我们是出家人,你怎么能背着那个姑娘过河呢?师父就神态安宁地告诉他:“你看我把她背过河就把她放下了,你在心里背了她20里地还没放下。”
●所有外在的仪式都比不上一个内心的安宁,你越淡定越从容,越舍弃那样一些看似激烈的、宏阔的、张扬的、外在的形式,而尊重安静的、内心的声音,也许你就会有更多的收获。
●一个人的视力是有两种功能的,一个是向外去无限宽广地拓展世界,另外是向内无限深刻的去发现内心。孔夫子能够交给我们快乐的秘诀就是去找到你内心的安宁。——均选自于丹《论语心得》
14.创业
以下是“青年创业网”主页上2006年11月发布的部分标题内容。首次创业失败后:靠50元再创财富 06年11月22日
用心 爱心 专心
信心,伴我走在创业路上 06年11月22日
创业:店铺不怕小,生意不嫌小 06年11月22日
中国式创业最容易犯的100个错误 06年11月21日
创业之初的流浪,让我学会坚强 06年11月21日
网吧——我刚开始创业的痛 06年11月21日
专家称创业投资有捷径可走 06年11月17日 15.留守儿童
有资料显示,目前我国“留守儿童”已超过1000万。这是一个特殊的群体,因亲情缺失,他们往往敏感、自卑、胆怯。甘肃省定西市安定区妇联的一项调查显示,只有37.9%的留守儿童表示愿意和临时监护人说心里话。留守儿童在情感上最依恋的还是父母,亲情饥渴现象严重。(2006年12月27日《中国青年报》)
●由于经济原因,外出务工人员回家次数很少,长期分离和缺乏联系使孩子在身心成长过程中无法得到父母的引导和关心,家长无法了解子女的心理变化。父母对子女的歉疚往往用物质弥补,子女的亲情缺失导致对家长的怨恨,与家长沟通障碍加深。在长期情感缺失和心理失衡的影响下,许多农村留守孩子因“情感饥饿”而产生了厌世自闭、社会逆反、拜金主义等不良心理。(2005年11月《干部教育培训网》)
16.物质诱惑
有两块蛋糕。有贪婪心的人说:我得马上吃了它,我饿坏了。有感恩之心的人说:我得马上把它送人,比我饥饿的人还很多呢。有涵养的人说:我可以先吃掉一块,然后用另一块去换一点鲜花。有商业头脑的人说:我得先做广告,然后高价卖出去。
17.成功的秘诀
一位禅师,一群弟子。一天禅师要求弟子到河对岸的南山各自砍一担柴。弟子们领命而去。到达河边,突遇山洪爆发,众弟子无功而返。禅师责备众弟子,唯有一人神色坦然。禅师问其故,该弟子曰:我虽没砍到柴,却发现河边有一棵苹果树,因此带回了一些苹果。最
用心 爱心 专心
后,该弟子成了禅师的衣钵传人。
专题三十六参考答案
1、[导写]这则材料我们可以联想到:1.浇树浇根,交人交心;解决思想矛盾,还得从打开心锁入手;2.凡事要讲求策略,按事物的规律办事,不能一味蛮干;3.堡垒最容易从内部攻破。
2、【导写】多角度思考往往是打开疑难问题思路的钥匙,运用逆向思维的方法可联想到:1.勇于质疑,勤于思考往往是成功的秘诀。2.要知其然更要知其所以然。3.挑战规则,打破常规。
3、[导写]小小的木桩为何能拴住一头大水牛呢?原来约束这头大水牛的并不是那个小小的木桩,而是它自己用惯性设置的精神枷锁。想想看,这个世界,除了自己,还有谁能用一个小小的“木桩”拴住你呢?又有谁能使你超越自我?
4、【导写】透过现象的背后,除了惯势思维作怪外,虚假广告,假冒伪劣,坑骗陷阱„„让人真假难辨,防不胜防,也是老百姓“一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳”的社会原因。宕开笔去,还可以关注一下医疗领域之外的类似问题,譬如教育费用、招工招商等等。总之,分析问题时要注意由点到面,举一反三,以增加文章思想的广度和深度。
5、【导写】你的思想是哪一种状态呢?你喜欢哪一种状态的思想呢?你欣赏有哪一种思想的人呢?用文字为我们描述或评点一下吧,注意不要空谈。
6、【导写】以下题目或观点可供参考:①别苛求自己 ②做个自己满意的橘子 ③没有最好,只有更好 ④我努力,我无悔 ⑤橘子的味道
7、【导写】追星没有不可,但应有一个“度”,应让心中的偶像成为自己前进的动力。透过悲剧的背后,不也折射出家庭教育和社会教育的严重误区么?作为“追星族”的父母们,该如何从中汲取教训,引导孩子从盲目走向理智;作为教育部门和相关媒体,应引导孩子走出追星的盲区,培养青少年从小树立正确的人生观。
8、[导写]材料主要说明:有了信心,德国人就能在废墟上重建家园。这个材料的角度还是比较多的,如信心对个人、民族和国家来说,能够创造奇迹;如一个人总不能永远处在生活事业的顶峰,往往会有低谷的时候,但如果有了信心,就能产生巨大的力量。比较好的标题如“只要信心不被打碎”。
9、[导写]从画面看,两只母鸡下蛋,所得到的荣誉却截然不同。左边的母鸡下蛋少,把蛋垒得高高的,获得了高产奖;而右边那只下蛋多,因为不会摆弄,却没得奖。漫画讽刺了社会上存在的实干家不如投机者的不公平的社会现象。可以立意:社会应实施多劳多得的分配原则,反对投机取巧的歪风,应鼓励实干的作风,反对只作表面文章,反对形式主义。
用心 爱心 专心
写作时可以从下面几个方面联系现实:某些领导人为了追求政绩的面子工程,形象工程。数字出官,数字出政绩的现象;不注重真才实学,只注重面子的现象;注重表面不重内容实质的现象。
10、[导写]这则材料可以转换为话题――“坐在生活的前排”。审读题意:“坐在生活的前排”,这是一种积极进取的生活态度,一种积极向上、不甘落后的心态。它是“敢为天下先”,它要求自己尽己所能,去争取尽可能好的成绩,去争取成功,但并不奢望自己一定成功;尽了力就没有遗憾,更不会后悔。
11、[导写]要准确理解与把握材料,必需弄清三种不同的为人处事方面的相互区别及其本质。第一种人属于老实办事但缺少工作的主动性或主见一类;第二种人则属于办事认真负责,富有主人翁精神一类;第三种人则属于办事极富主见性与原则性一类。据此,我们可以从这三个不同的角度提炼出三种不同的写作话题,比如“为人办事要有主人翁精神”“办事要有主见”“办事要有思想与原则”等。也可以从整体上对材料加以考虑,可以提炼出“态度与人生”的写作话题等。
12、【导写】这首诗给我们以启发,艺术创造是主观和客观相统一的结果,事物间的相互作用非常重要。
13、[导写]写好本题,关键是要注意做到情感真挚。真正写出自身对“安宁”的真切感悟来。因为“安宁”说到底还是一种内心情绪,是一种源自心灵深处的认知,因此,情感越到位,越真挚,文章才越成功。表现在具体的行文中,无论是记叙描写,还是议论抒情,都应该围绕真切感受来写,这也是由中心议题的特征决定的。
14、[导写]考生可以围绕表格内容,理解到创业应该屡败屡战,应该有信心,要坚强;应该从小处着手,重视原始创业;认识到创业也要讲究方法和技巧,有时也应该去寻找创业的捷径;认识到IT创业的成与败等等。
15、[导写]材料给的是现实世界不能回避的“留守儿童”问题,可以从全面理解两则材料的角度立意,思考怎样对待“亲情”;可以从“留守儿童”的角度立意,思考“亲情”如何对待;可以从“务工父母”的角度立意,思考“亲情”怎样重构等等,角度可多元。
16、[导写]商业社会怎样对待“物质诱惑”,已经非常严峻地摆在每一个中学生的面前,怎样去面对,意义十分重大。写好本题,可以围绕材料整体立意为“面对物质诱惑”,不同特点的人,态度是不一样的;也可以围绕其中的一个侧面来立意,比如“应该抛弃私心,心怀感恩之心”,可以立意为“面对物质诱惑,也要追求精神生活”,甚至可以立意为“将蛋糕做大做强,值得提倡”等等,充分体现新材料作文的开放性与灵活性。
用心 爱心 专心
17、[导写]当代中学生怎样对待成功,以什么方式获取成功,在新课标实施的当下,在素质教育的大背景下,已经显得更为多元,本题具有一定的矫正功能。本题围绕材料可以立意为“当人生既定目标遭遇挫折时,及时更改目标,也能获得成功”,也可以围绕“禅师与弟子”的关系来立意,显示出一定的自由性。
18、[导写]考生可以从调查的四个方面分别选点:别让“高薪工作”使得学习带上功利色彩;别让“个人成功”蒙蔽了我们的视野和胸怀;别让“实用主义”降低了我们的人生品位;期待“完美人生”,让生活和世界更精彩。也可以围绕几个角度综合立意,比如“高薪并不意味着真正的成功”“个人的成功意识让实用主义蔓延”“摒弃动机和理想的狭隘主义,追求完美人生”“实用主义不可取,完美人格记心中”等。只要是围绕图表信息来立意,都应该是切题的。当然,个别考生可能正面肯定前三个方面的情况,比如“追求高薪有何错?”“高薪工作奠定了完美人格的基础”“只有个人成功才能走向人格完善”“实用主义也可取”等观点,只有言之有理,并且符合人们评价社会的科学、理性的态度,都应该是切题的。
用心 爱心 专心 7
第四篇:2006年成人高考英语试题及答案下(高起点)
2006年成人高考英语试题及答案下(高起点)7
一、从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。(每小题1分,共10分)1.I'm wondering why he hasn't turned _____ at the meeting.A.down B.up C.out D.over
2._____, I couldn't get a job in this company.A.Try as I might B.As I might try C.Try though I might D.I might try
3.It is a well-known fact ______ a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes to control his direction.A.that B.if C.when D.whether
4._____, Mary went out with delight.A.With her homework doing B.With her homework done C.Her homework was done D.Done her homework
5.Contrary ______ popular belief, moderate exercise actually decreases your appetite.A.on B.at C.against D.to
6.______ the storm, we have to postpone the flight.A.Owing to B.Thanks to C.Because D.As
7.By using both ears one can tell the direction _____ a sound comes.A.in which B.from which C.over which D.with which
8.When she worked with the government, she _____ the difficult task of monitoring elections.A.overworked B.overtook C.underwent D.undertook
9.Apparently, it wasn't an accident.Someone must have done it on ______.A.intention B.determination C.purpose D.reason
10.The young doctor could not sleep at night, the worsening condition of a patient _____ him.A.disturbing B.disturbed C.being disturbed D.to disturb
二、下列短文中有十个空白,每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案(每选项1分,共10分)
Sometimes people find really wonderful things when they are not looking 11 them.One example was John Colter.Colter was a mountain man who lived 12 in the Rocky Mountains of the United States.He loved to walk in the mountains, but one day in 1803 he saw a strange 13.Water was shooting high into the air and 14 into a green pool.It was a natural water fountain.Colter found other pools of blue water.Some of the pools were hot.The chemicals in the water made a beautiful color, 15 they also made it smell bad.16 there were large, clear lakes and spectacular waterfalls on cold, clear
第 1 页 mountain rivers.Colter was excited, so he told 17 about the place.18 , the other people did not believe him.They thought that he was a dreamer, a fool.19 they saw these wonders, they too were excited.Today the place Colter 20 is known as Yellowstone Park.11.A.forward B.for C.upon D.into
12.A.along B.alive C.alone D.lonely
13.A.sight B.site C.glimpse D.glance
14.A.fall B.falling C.to fall D.falls
15.A.but B.and C.thus D.so
16.A.Nearly B.Near C.Next to D.Nearby
17.A.the other B.others C.another D.each other
18.A.Then B.However C.Therefore D.Consequently
19.A.Since B.Before C.After D.While
20.A.initiated B.invented C.created D.discovered
三、从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。(每选项2分,共30分)
Passage One
Question 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Albert Einstein had a great effect on science and history.An American university president once commented that Einstein had created a new outlook, a new view of the universe.It may be some time before the average mind understands fully the identity(特性)of time and space and so on — but even ordinary men understand now that the universe is something larger than ever thought before.By 1914 the young Einstein had gained world fame.He accepted the offer to become a professor at the Prussian Academy of Science in Berlin.He had few duties, little teaching and unlimited opportunities for study, but soon his peace and quiet were broken by the First World War.Einstein hated violence.The misery of war affected him deeply, and he sat unhappily in his office doing little.He lost interest in his research.Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work.In the years following the First World War, honors were increasingly heaped on him.He became the head of the Kaiser Whilhem Institute of Theoretical Physics.In 1921 he won the Nobel Prize for Physics, and he was highly honored in Germany until the rise of Nazism(纳粹主义)when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.21.The first paragraph is mainly about _____.A.a new outlook of the universe
B.the feelings of an American college president
C.the change in human thought caused by Einstein
D.the difficulty in teaching Einstein's theory
22.From the second paragraph, we know Albert Einstein ____.A.enjoyed world popularity
B.was the head of an academy
C.was a famous teacher
D.enjoyed studying wars
23.Which of the following statements about Einstein is true?
A.He achieved more than any other scientists in history.B.Our ideas about the universe differ from one another because of him.C.He kept working until peace came in 1918.第 2 页
D.His research practically stopped during the First World War.24.In the years following the First World War, _____.A.Einstein began to be accepted even by ordinary men
B.more and more honors were granted to Einstein
C.Einstein became the head of the Prussian Academy of Science
D.Einstein was not honored in Germany until the rise of Nazism
25.It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _____.A.Albert Einstein was interested in nothing but science
B.Einstein was forced to serve in the German army
C.Einstein made a lot more breakthroughs in his research after the First World War
D.his reputation was ruined because of Nazism
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Could you imagine your parents choosing your husband or wife for you? And can you imagine not setting eyes on him or her until your wedding day? This situation is common in India, the Middle East and many parts of Africa.Marriage customs around the world often differ from our own.We don't realize that people in other places often get married in very different ways — and with different motives.In many countries, marriage is a practical matter.A marriage provides a safe and stable home for the husband and wife.It also joins two families, which benefits the couple's parents and makes them happy.Marriage also brings children, making sure the couple will be taken care of in old age.Because a marriage is important for the whole family, some cultures don't let young people choose whom to marry.Just as there are many different reasons for marriage, there are also many different wedding rituals.Every culture has its own ways of bringing good luck to the happy couple.In a typical Western wedding, the bride seeks good luck by wearing “something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue.” Something old represents the past.Something new represents success in the future.Something borrowed reminds the bride she can get help from her friends and family.And something blue reminds her to be true to her husband.In Poland, one wedding tradition is not only lucky, but also very practical.The wedding guests pin money to the bride's dress while she is dancing.The money is meant to bring kick and to help the young couple build their new life.In Bermuda, the young couple plants a tree in the yard of their new home.Once they move in, they take good care of the tree and make it grow.The planting of the tree is a good metaphor(比喻)for marriage.A truly good marriage is something that grows with care.26.Which of the following statements DOES NOT support the idea that marriage is a practical matter? A.The couple may have a safe and stable home through their marriage.B.The parents had better help their children choose whom to marry.C.A marriage benefits the couple's parents and makes them happy.D.A marriage brings children who will take care of the couple when they are old.27.The word “rituals”(para.3, line 2)means _____.A.forms B.customs C.traditions D.ceremonies
第 3 页 28.In a typical Western wedding, the bride wears something blue to ________.A.seek good luck B.represent the past
C.represent success in the future D.remind her to be true to her husband
29.Although cultures differ in different countries, one thing in common when a young couple gets married is that _____.A.people wish them to take care of each other
B.people wish them to get practical benefits from the marriage C.people wish them to have good luck in their new life
D.people wish them to make money at the wedding ceremony
30.Which of the following statements best summarizes the subject of this passage? A.People across the world get married in different ways and for different reasons.B.Every culture has its own ways of bringing good luck to the young couple.C.A truly good marriage is something that grows with care.D.In many countries, marriage is a practical matter.Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.While popular in the U.S., the April Fool's Day tradition is even more prevalent in European countries, such as France and Great Britain.Although the roots of the traditional tricking are unclear, the French and the British both have claims on the origin of the celebration.One theory holds that the first April Fool's Day was on April 1 of the year when King of France instituted(设立)the new calendar.This new system placed the day that had formerly been the first day of a new year on April 1.Many people were reluctant to adjust to the new calendar and continued to celebrate New Year's Day on what had become the first day of April.Thus, they became the first April fools.An English story about the day, however, holds that it began sometime during the 1200s.At the time, King John of England was in the habit of making a road out of nearly every path he walked regularly.The citizens of one particular farm village were aware of this.To avoid having their green pastures(牧场)disturbed with one of king's roads, they built a fence that prevented the king from walking through their countryside.The king sent a group of messengers(信使)to inform the villagers that they must remove the barrier.Upon hearing that the king was planning to do this, however, the villagers developed a plan of their own.When the messengers arrived, they found what appeared to be a community of mad people, with people behaving in a strange manner, throwing things and running around wildly.The messengers, alarmed at what they found, reported to King John that these people were so mad as to be beyond punishment.So, the villagers saved their farmland by tricking the King.In Great Britain, tradition only allows April Fool's tricks from midnight to noon on April 1.Those who try to play tricks in the afternoon become the fools themselves.31.Which of the following is true according to the first paragraph? A.April Fool's Day is more popular in the U.S.B.April Fool's Day is more popular in France and Great Britain.C.No one is sure where the tradition of celebrating April Fool's Day originated.D.The celebration of April Fool's Day originated from both France and Great Britain.32.According to the second paragraph, many people continued to celebrate New Year's Day on April 1, because _____.A.they knew nothing about the new calendar B.they didn't want to accept the new calendar
第 4 页 C.they wanted to receive gifts from their friends D.they wanted to become the first April fools
33.The word “holds”(para.3, line 1)means “_____”, A.supports B.conducts C.contains D.believes
34.The third paragraph tells how the citizens of one particular farm village in England saved their farmland by ______.A.building a fence
B.throwing things to the messengers C.tricking the king
D.lighting with the messengers
35.What is the main idea of paragraph three?
A.How the tradition of celebrating April Fool's Day originated in Great Britain.B.How the citizens of one particular farm village saved their land from the king.C.King John of England wanted to make a road through one particular farm village.D.In Great Britain, tradition allows April Fool's tricks from midnight to noon.四、将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示,每个词的词类和 第一个字母以及用短线表示的其余字母数,已给出。(共20分)36.分析v.a_ _ _ _ _ _
37.简历;摘要n.r_ _ _ _ _
38.私有的;私立的;a.p_ _ _ _ _ _ _
39.转移;替换n./v.s_ _ _ _
40.担保;保证v.e_ _ _ _ _
41.追赶;寻求v.p_ _ _ _ _
42.坦率地;直率地ad.f_ _ _ _ _ _
43.相当地;公正地ad.f_ _ _ _ _
44.误导;带错路;v.m_ _ _ _ _ _
45.主题;主旋律n.t_ _ _ _
46.网状物;网络n.n_ _ _ _ _ _
47.联合;工会n.u_ _ _ _
第 5 页 48.功能;作用n.f_ _ _ _ _ _ _
49.雇佣;使用v.e_ _ _ _ _
50.伤残的 a.d_ _ _ _ _ _
51.目标;进球n.g_ _ _
52.永恒地;经常地ad.c_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
53.鼓舞v.i_ _ _ _ _ _
54.无价值的;无用的a.w_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
55.自由(权)n.l_ _ _ _ _ _ _
五、将括号内的各词变为适当的形式。(共10分)
56.It was imperative that students ______(finish)their papers before July 1st.57.So far, Irving ____(live)in New York City for ten years.58.The patient _____(send)to another hospital before we got there.59.The __________(far)away we get from the earth, the thinner the air becomes.60.With apples at 25 cents a pound, we couldn't resist ____(take)four pounds.61.Coffee delays the body clock in the morning, and _____(advance)it at night.62.When ________(give)the chance, it is quite possible for him to fulfill the task within ten days.63.I'll be only too pleased _ ___(help)out those who are in difficulty.64.Television is another major instrument of communication, ____(permit)us to see as well as to hear the performer.65.It is high time that we _____(take)firm measures to protect our environment.六、将下列各句翻译成英语。(共15分)
66.我工作了一整天,所以你来看我时,我很疲倦。
67.高薪和福利都不能取悦工人们。
68.我更喜欢住在乡村,因为那里空气污染不太严重。
69.每个人都可以培养自己的兴趣。
70.绝大多数医学上的重大进步都是建立在动物研究基础上的。
第 6 页
七、将下列短文翻译成汉语。(共15分)
Some animals that cannot see can still tell the difference between light and darkness, while others can react to chemicals, which is something like smelling and tasting.However, there may be a sense that we know nothing about, for otherwise it is very hard to explain how birds, animals and even insects and fish manage to travel long distances without losing their way.Only man can tell his companions exactly what he wants, for he has the wonderful gift of speech;but many of the larger animals can show that they are hungry or frightened or pleased by making sounds that we have learned to recognize, such as a roar.Even man still uses animal-like sounds when he laughs or sighs.Some animals can get further than these simple noises.For instance, a bird song is much more elaborate, for it tells other males to keep away, while at the same time inviting a female to come closer.Birds have other calls which warn of danger or help to keep the flock(鸟群)together.Of course, a parrot does not understand what it is saying when it imitates the human voice.第 7 页
第五篇:2005年成人高考英语试题及答案1(高起点)
一、个人信息 中文自我介绍三分钟 英文自我介绍一分钟
谈谈你的家庭情况
(认可自己的家庭)业余爱好、特长
我的业余爱好是大兵乓球和跑步,特长是看有关性格分析的书籍。
介绍自己的家乡 介绍自己的大学,学院
自己的优点与不足
优势与劣势
我最大的有点就是无论做什么事情很坚持,有点神经质,举个例子来说,在大学期间,我每天都坚持去跑步,甚至有时候下的毛毛细雨也要跑,总之,我动静结合,但更倾向于安静的环境。不足就是不够细心。介绍自己的大学生活
大一的时候,我还是处于比较兴奋的状态,在学习之余,我参加了外语协会,参加的目的主要是为了放松,周末也喜欢和朋友一起逛街或进行短途旅行。大二的时候自己的心也平静了,主要把大部分的精力用在专业学习上,主要是练习口语。大三的时间是放在教育教学方面,经常泡在图书馆看有关教育学和心理学还有课程设计的书籍。大四,准备专业八级考试和找工作。这就是我的大学生活。
谈一次失败的经历
用人单位聘什么聘用你,你比他人更适合他人的原因 大学四年你最骄傲和遗憾的是什么? 你认为你的性格适合当老师吗?
单位信息
你对我们学校了解多少?(声誉,历史,理念,校训。)你为什么选择我们学校? 你对我们印象如何? 为什么不选择。。而选择我们学校?
职业认知类
当今英语教师面临最大的挑战是什么? 谈论自己对教师职业的看法? 为什么选择做老师?
中学老师很辛苦,你是怎样考虑的?
教育理念类
你如何看待高考?
怎样理解“以学生为本”?
怎么样才能算优秀的中学英语教师? 你最喜欢的教师、教育家?
你最不喜欢,最喜欢什么样的学生? 你喜欢,觉得最有效的教学方法? 你认为一堂课的标准是什么? 谈谈你对新课标的理解?
生活发展类
如果有深造的机会,你会放弃学校的工作去深造么? 到本校其他分校,你愿意吗? 为什么要留重庆?
你应聘本校的动机和理想是什么? 愿意教初中还是高中?
你有没有想过今后将怎样发展?
教师教育方法类
在你班上,有一个极不配合的学生,怎么办?
在课堂上,学校比较闹,怎么办?突然走进一个学生怎么办? 如果学生因为和你关系好而不好好学习,怎么办? 你认为高中有没有必要继续音标学习?
拿到一篇阅读,要怎么办?
你觉得阅读课和听力课的教学方法有什么不同? 谈谈自己作为教师对教学策略的运用?
接手一个新班级,你打算首先从哪些方面开展工作?
专业技能类
假如你是一个演讲者,请给大家以演讲的形式介绍一下自己喜欢的书。如何提高口语? 翻译中学名字。。
闲聊类(看出一个人的心态)
你过来的路上顺利吗?我们学校不好找吧? 你一个同学。也来参加面试,TA好像还挺不错的/不怎么样,是吧? 你开微博没有?使用感觉如何? 又下雨了!你觉得这种天气怎样?