第一篇：the definition of freedom 英语作文 自由的定义
Freedom
There are few words which are used more loosely than ‘freedom’.What dose it
mean? It means equal statuses in the same society.It means carefree way to live with
people’s own style, independence to deal with things, and fulfillment to achieve their
goals.It is a kind of fairness that everyone is equal in front of law.People would not be
lower position, they have their own rights and obligations to do things.There is no
more slavery and there is no more racial discrimination in society.It is a satisfactory fulfillment that people have the right to say what they have in
their mind and do what they dream of doing.People can express their own thoughts to
others, they can publish the book which is written by themselves, and they can vote
for their candidate or even take part in the competition.It is a carefree way that people get someone’s permission and do what they like
without restriction.It is delight that people borrow a camera from someone and can
photograph everything they like.It is enjoyable that they use something randomly
because they have gotten the permission and nobody would be annoyed at them.It is a kind of independence that people would do what they prefer and would not
be affected by anyone else.In colleges, people can choose what kind of elective
courses they prefer to learn.In restaurants, people can order what they prefer to eat on the menu.At home, people can enjoy themselves and choose what time to have a rest
and what time to do the housework.In conclusion, freedom is a kind of feeling with which people feel themselves like
birds flying in the sky happily, with which people feel they are just the way they are
and they would dominate everything about them with their own.[word count: 309]
第二篇：自由英语作文
自由英语作文
在生活、工作和学习中，大家都跟作文打过交道吧，作文是从内部言语向外部言语的过渡，即从经过压缩的简要的、自己能明白的语言，向开展的`、具有规范语法结构的、能为他人所理解的外部语言形式的转化。怎么写作文才能避免踩雷呢？以下是小编帮大家整理的自由英语作文，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。
“哥哥，你看，我抓到了一只小鸟！你快来看呀！”弟弟一进门便大呼小叫，真的，那只鸟漂亮极了，黑白相间的羽毛闪闪发亮，它在弟弟手中拼命地挣扎着，弟弟把它一把塞进了鸟笼，它拼命地啄着鸟笼，我知道，它渴望飞回蓝天，它渴望自由，看着这只鸟，我不禁想到了自己，我又何尝不是那只渴望飞向蓝天的鸟呢……
“Brother, look, I caught a bird!Come and see!” As soon as my brother entered the door, he cried loudly.Really, the bird was very beautiful.Its black and white feathers were shining.He struggled desperately in his hands.My brother stuffed it into the cage.He pecked at the cage desperately.I knew that he wanted to fly back to the blue sky.He wanted to be free.Looking at this bird, I couldn't help thinking of myself.I was not the one who wanted to fly to the blue sky What about birds?
“妈，我想出去玩会儿！”我央求妈妈。“作业做完了吗？”“做完了。”“功课复习完了吗？”“复习完了。”“功课预习完了吗？”“还，还没呢。”“那还不快去预习！”妈妈板着脸说。我只好灰溜溜地退回去预习。“妈，预习完了。”我再次请示妈妈。“那再去看看书，快考试了，不要只想着玩！”我只好垂头丧气地看书去了。
“Mom, I want to go out and play!” I begged my mother.“Have you finished your homework?” “Done.” “Have you finished reviewing your lessons?” “The review is over.” “Have you finished your homework preparation?” “Not yet, not yet.” “I don't want to go to the preview soon!” Mother said with a straight face.I had to go back to the preview in the dark.“Mom, it's over.” I asked my mother again.“Then go to read books again.It's almost time for the exam.Don't just think about playing!” I had to go to the book in desperation.回到房间，我却怎么也静不下心来了，我望着那在空中自由飞翔的鸟儿，突然想：如果我是一只鸟儿该有多好啊，我就能自由自在地飞翔了，而不受拘束了…… “你快把它放了！”我对弟弟说，“为什么？这时我好不容易抓到的！”“当时它需要自由啊！”“好弟弟，你把它放了，我就把我的玩具全给你。”弟弟勉强答应了…… 望着那远飞的小鸟，我默默地对它说：“飞吧，飞吧，自由地飞吧！”
Back to my room, I couldn't help myself.Looking at the bird flying freely in the air, I suddenly thought: if I were a bird, how nice it would be, I could fly freely without any restraint “You're going to let it go!” I said to my brother, “why? At this time, I had a hard time catching it!” “It needed freedom then!” “Good brother, if you let it go, I will give you all my toys.” My brother reluctantly agreed Looking at the bird flying far away, I said to it silently, “fly, fly, fly freely!”
第三篇：英语作文关于自由
宿策
水利电力学院 2015-10-
Freedom form pressure
The freedoms of we still cherish today : freedom from want, freedom from fear , freedom of speech , freedom from religion and freedom to be one’s best.But a number of other questions appear in our life frequently.Now only a handful of person who pursue a job with high salary, a kind and generous mates, could the feeling of happiness chronically.Peers pressure refers to the influence exerted by a peer group in encouraging a person to change his or her attitudes, values, or behavior in order to conform to group norms.Though the idea that “everyone’s doing it” can sometimes strengthen our sense of competition , it can also mislead us to leave our judgment, or our common sense behind.At home and throughout the world’s colleges and universities are altering their education model from cultivation of special talent to inter-disciplinary and innovative talent gradually.The unemployment rate among university graduates is soaring.Those lead to a kind of phenomenon that students, reluctantly, have to using even more time to learn their professional knowledge in order to accept the unprecedented challenges of the age.But there is a basic freedom which we are in danger of losing is learning the traditional culture and using of time to read book of cultivate one's morality raises a gender.Some people have to give up their dreams to do some things that could make money to play the daily spending.We should have always highly valued our freedom from pressure and fought hard to protect it bravely.The first is optimistic attitude which benefits us on many aspects, such as it good for our emotional health, so we can see our study and work from a new angle frequently.The second is perseverance, in other words, never giving up and with the practical action to prove himself and infect others to pursue themselves dreams.
第四篇：英语中词的定义
、名词
表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念等的名称的词都叫做名词。名词可分为专有名词和普通名词。
名词在句子中可担任除谓语外的任何成分，即主语、标语、宾语（动词宾语和介词宾语）、状语、宾补、定语等。
【举例】桌子，凳子，椅子，沙发，桌子
2、冠词
冠词是虚词，本身无词义，也不能单独使用，它用在名词前，帮助指明名词的含义。冠词只有三个，分别是定冠词(the)和不定冠词(a、an)【举例】因无词义，所以无法举例
3、数词
表示数目多少的词叫做数词。数词可分为基数词和序数词。
数词在句子中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语和同位语（同位语仅限基数词）
【举例】一、二、三、第一、第二、第三
4、代词
代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按起意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种
【举例】我、你、他的、我自己
5、形容词
形容词修饰名词，说明事物/人的性质或特征。通常，可将形容词分为性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定在名词
形容词可在句中可作表语、定语、宾补、状语，需要注意的是作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前面。但是如果形容词以-thing（如something）为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词语之后
【举例】小的，大的（翻译时词尾一定是“的”）
6、副词
副词和形容此一样，也具有修饰的功能。形容词是修饰名词，而副词是修饰动词，此外副词还可以修饰形容词和其它的副词。副词在句子中修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。用来表示时间、场所、状态、程度等。
副词在句中可作定语、状语、表语和宾补
【举例】小心地，仔细地（翻译时词尾一定是“地”）
7、介词
介词是一种虚词，它不能单独担任句子成分，必须和名词或代词或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句构成介词短语，才能担任句子成分
【举例】在……里，在……上
8、情态动词
情态动词表示说话人对某一动作的态度，认为“可能”、“必要”等。情态动词有词义，但词义不完全，气候一定要跟“不带to”的动词不定式（即动词原形）（ought to除外）。另外情态动词没有数和人称的变化
【举例】can（能），may（可能）
1、主语
主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式等充当。
Helikeswatch'ingTV.他喜欢看电视。
2、谓语
谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。
一般可分为两类：
1)，简单谓语
由动词(或短语动词)构成。
可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。
Westud'yforthepeo'ple.我们为人民学习。
2)，复合谓语：情态动词＋不定式
Icanspeakalit'tleEng'lish.我可以说一点英语。
3、表语
表语是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词如be之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。一般由名词，代词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词短语等充当。
Mysis'terisanurse.我姐姐是护士。
4、宾语
宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，能作宾语的有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式等。
WelikeEng'lish.我们喜欢英语。
有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。
Hegavemesom'eink.他给了我一点墨水。
有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如：
Wemakehimourmon'itor.我们选他当班长。
5、定语
在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
用作定语的主要是形容词，代词，数词，名词，副词，动词不定式，介词短语等。形容词，代词，数词，名词等作定语时，通常放在被修饰的词前面。
Heisanewstu'dent.他是个新生。
但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词之后。
Thebikeintheroomismine.房间里的自行车是我的。
6、状语 修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分，叫做状语。用作状语的通常是副词，介词短语，不定式和从句等。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。
HelivesinLon'don.他住在伦敦
句子成分
现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和
补语。英语的基本成分有六种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语
（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）和状语(adverbial)。
英语句子成分中,有些具有形态标志。如第一人称代词作主语就用主格“I”，作宾语用宾格“me”，作定语用所有格“my”。这些形态变化对分析辨认成分
很有帮助。
汉语与英语就句子成分表面上看来差不多，实际上有不少差别。例如：
(1)Xiao Li went to bed as soon as he came home.小李回家后, 立刻就睡觉了。
(2)I'll go when I have had my dinner.我吃了饭就去。
在英语中，同一个主语在第二次出现时不能省略，必须把每个谓语所陈述的对象都表示出来。而在汉语中，同一个主语在句中第二次出现时，就可以省
略。如例（1）中，汉语说“小李回家后立刻就睡觉了”，省去了第二个分句的主语，倒可以避免造成误解。若将第二次出现的主语补出来，说成“小李回
家后，他立刻就睡觉了”。听的人反而可能把那个“他”误会成另一个人。
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下：
基本句型一：SV（主＋谓）
基本句型二：SVP（主＋谓＋表）
基本句型三：SVO（主＋谓＋宾）
基本句型四：SVoO（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
基本句型五：SVOC（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
基本句型一
此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃S│V（不及物动词）┃
┠———————————————┼———————————————┨
┃1.The sun│was shining.┃
┃2.The moon │rose.┃
┃3.The universe │remains.┃
┃4.We all │breathe, eat, and drink.┃
┃5.Who│cares?┃
┃6.What he said │does not matter.┃
┃7.They │talkedfor half an hour.┃
┃8.The pen│writessmoothly┃
1.太阳在照耀着。2.月亮升起了。
3.宇宙长存。4.我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。
5.管它呢？ 6.他所讲的没有什么关系。
7.他们谈了半个小时。8.这支笔书写流利。
基本句型二
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意*
思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的*
意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一*
类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没*
有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。
┏━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃S│V（是系动词）│P┃
┠———————┼———————┼———————————————┨
┃1.This │is│an English-Chinese dictionary.┃
┃2.The dinner │smells│good.┃
┃3.He │fell│in love.┃
┃4.Everything │looks │different.┃
┃5.He │is growing│tall and strong.┃
┃6.The trouble│is│that they are short of money.┃
┃7.Our well │has gone│dry.┃
┃8.His face │turned│red.┃
┗━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛
1.这是本英汉辞典。2.午餐的气味很好。
3.他堕入了情网。4.一切看来都不同了。
5.他长得又高又壮。6.麻烦的是他们缺少钱。
7.我们井干枯了。8.他的脸红了。
基本句型三
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完
整。这类动词叫做及物动词。
┏━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃S│V（及物动词）│ O ┃
┠———————┼———————┼———————————————┨
┃1.Who│knows │the answer? ┃
┃2.She│smiled│her thanks.┃
┃3.He │has refused │to help them.┃
┃4.He │enjoys│reading.┃
┃5.They │ate │what was left over.┃
┃6.He │said│“Good morning.” ┃
┃7.I│want│to have a cup of tea.┃
┃8.He │admits│that he was mistaken.┃
┗━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
1.谁知道答案？ 2.她微笑表示感谢。
3.他拒绝帮他们的忙。4.他喜欢看书。
5.他们吃了剩饭。6.他说：“早上好！”
7.我想喝杯茶。8.他承认犯了错误。
基本句型四
此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。
通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承
受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。
┏━━━━┯━━━━━┯━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃S│V（及物）│ o（多指人）│ O（多指物）┃
┠————┼—————┼———————┼————————————┨
1.She│ordered │herself │a new dress.┃
┃2.She│cooked│her husband │a delicious meal.┃
┃3.He │brought │you │a dictionary.┃
┃4.He │denies│her │nothing.┃
┃5.I│showed│him │my pictures.┃
┃6.I│gave│my car│a wash.┃
┃7.I│told│him │that the bus was late.┃
┃8.He │showed│me│how to run the machine.┃
┗━━━━┷━━━━━┷━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━━━━━━┛
1.她给自己定了一套新衣裳。2.她给丈夫煮了一餐美馔。
3.他给你带来了一本字典。4.他对她什么都不拒绝。
5.我给他看我的照片。6.我洗了我的汽车。
7.我告诉他汽车晚点了。8.他教我开机器。
基本句型五
此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还
不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
┏━━━━┯━━━━━┯━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ S │V（及物）│ O（宾语）│C（宾补）┃
┠————┼—————┼———————┼————————————┨
┃1.They │appointed │him │manager.┃
┃2.They │painted │the door│green.┃
┃3.This │set │them│thinking.┃
┃4.They │found │the house │deserted.┃
┃5.What │makes │him │think so? ┃
┃6.We │saw │him │out.┃
┃7.He │asked │me│to come back soon.┃
┃8.I│saw │them│getting on the bus.┃
┗━━━━┷━━━━━┷━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━━━━━━┛
1.他们任命他当经理。2.他们把门漆成绿色。
3.这使得他们要细想一想。4.他们发现那房子无人居住。
5.他怎么会这样想？ 6.我们送他出去。
7.他要我早点回来。8.我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。
但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短，这些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语（modifier）而
加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是
各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。下面以基本句
型五为例：
We found the hall full.我们发现礼堂坐满了。
We found the great hall full of students and teachers.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。
We found the great hall full of students and teachers listen-
ing to an important report.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一个重要报告。
We found the great hall full of students and teachers listen-
ing to an important report made by a comrade from the People's
Daily on current affairs in East Europe.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听人民日报的一位同志作有关
东欧局势的重要报告。
不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样，因此在学习动词时，应掌握动词的类
型。以 get 为例：
He's getting angry.(S V C)
He got through the window.(S V M)
You'll get a surprise.(S V O)
He got his shoes and socks wet.(S V O C)
He got himself into trouble.(S V O M)
He got her a splendid present.(S V o O)
在句子中词类和词的位置也影响句子的句型和意思:
I found the book easily.我很容易地找到了这本书。（S V O M）
I found the book easy.我觉得这本书很容易。（S V O C）
I have to do something.我得做点事。
I have something to do.我有点事做。
表语从句就是“表句是个句子”,同理,宾语从句,定语从句都这样理解.表语从句放在连系动词之后,充当复合句中的表语/
下面是我找到的材料,参考一下吧.================== 基本概念
1． 定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
2． 构成：关联词+简单句
3． 引导表语从句的关联词的种类：
(1)从属连词that。如：
The trouble is that I have lost his address.麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
(2)从属连词whether, as, as if。如：
He looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起来还与十年前一样。
The question is whether they will be able to help us.问题是他们是否能帮我们。
注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如：
All this was over twenty years ago, but it´s as if it was only yesterday.这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。
能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如：
It looked as if it was going to rain.看起来天要下雨了。
(3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever
连接副词 where, when, how, why。
如：The problem is who we can get to replace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
The question is how he did it.问题是他是如何做此事的。
That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
重点疑难
1． 连词because可引导表语从句。如：
I think it is because you are doing too much.我想这是因为你做得太多。
2． 在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如：
My suggestion is that we(should)start early tomorrow.我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
英语里的基本的6个时态一、一般现在时：
用动词原型表示，但单数第三人称后要加-s，在词尾加-s时要注意： 1． 一般情况：加-s 例：reads，writes，says
2． 以s，x，ch，sh收尾的词加-es 例：teaches，washes，guesses
3． 以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i再加-es 例：try—tries，carry—carries。
这个时态的疑问句一般以句首加助动词do，does构成。句中动词要用原型动词be提前：
do you know it？
are you students？
does she have a pen？
1．一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作：
we always care for each other and help each other。
they cycle to work every day。
2．现在的特征或状态：
he loves sports。
do you sing？a little。
i major in english。
3． 遍真理：
light travels faster than sound。
two and four makes six。
the moon moves round the earth。
有些表示状态和感觉的动词常常可用于一般现在时：be，love，like，hate，want，hope，need，prefer，wish，know，understand，remember，believe，recognize，guess，suppose，mean，belong，think（以为），feel，envy，doubt，remain，consist，contain，seem，look（看起来），see，fit，suit，owe，own，hear，find，suggest，propose，allow，show（说明），prove，mind（在意），have（有），sound（听起来），taste（尝起来），matter，require，possess，desire等等。
i feel a sharp pain in my chest。
the soup contains too much salt。
you see what i mean？
the coat fits you very well。
how do you find the book？
有些表示动作的动词间或可用于这一时态，表示现刻的动作，由于动作持续时间机短，用于进行时不自然：
i send you my best wishes。
i salute your courage。
now i extend my heartfelt thanks to you。
在口语中这个时态用来表示一个按规定、计划或安排发生的情况（这是都有一个表示未来时间的状语）：
when do the train leave（stop at jinan）？
the plane take off at 11 am。
tomorrow is saturday。
is there a firm on tonight？ 但这只限少数动词，如begin，come，go，leave，sail，start，arrive，return，dine，end，stop，depart，open，close，be等。另外，在时间或条件从句中，将来动作或状态多用这一时态表示：
tell her about that when she come。
turn off the light before you leave。
we„ll start as soon as you are ready。
在口语中，这个时态间或可以用来表示一个已经发生的动作（这个动作发生的时间在说话人脑中处于很不重要的地位）：
they say xiao wu is back。is that true？
xiao yu tells me you„re going abroad。
oh，i forget where he lives。
yes，you answer quite well。
此外一般现在时还多用于报刊、电影、电视解说等其他几种情况。
二、现在进行时
现在进行时用助动词be的人称形式加现在分词构成，它的肯定、否定、疑问形式如下：
i am working。
i am not working。
am i working？
现在进行时主要表示现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作。
where are they having the basket-ball match？
they are putting up the scaffolding。
he„s showing a foreign guest round the city。
在不少情况下，表示正在进行的动作的汉语句子，并没有“正在”这样的字，在译为英语时却必须用进行时态：
how are you getting on with the work？
the work is going fairly smoothly。
you are making rapid progress。
it is blowing hard。
who are you waiting for？
whenever i see her，she is working in the garden。我每次看到她时，她总是在花园里干活。
在一般现在时所列的表示状态和感觉的动词，一般不能用于进行时态，因为他们不能表示正在进行的动作。但如果词义转变，能表示一个正在进行的动作，就能够用于进行时态，试比较下面的句子：
do you see anyone over there？你看到那里有什么人吗？
are you seeing someone off？你在给谁送行吗？
i hear someone singing。我听见有人唱歌。
they are hearing an english talk？他们在听一个英语报告。
what do you think of it？你觉得这怎么样？ what are you thinking about？你在想什么？
另外，表示无法持续动作的动词，一般不宜用于进行时态，但有些可以用于这个时态表示重复、即将等：
he is jumping up and down。她一上一下地跳着。
the train is arriving。火车就要进站了。
the old man is dying。老头病危了。
现在进行时有时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或安安排要进行的动作（这是多有一个表示未来时间的状语）：
we are leaving on friday。
are you going anywhere tomorrow？
a foreign guest is giving a lecture in english this afternoon。
xiao hong！coming。
who is interpreting for you？
we are having a holiday next monday。
但这仅限于少量动词，如go，come，leave，start，arrive，lunch，return，dine，work，sleep，stay，play，do，have，wear等。
另外，“be going+不定式”这个结构经常用来表示即将发生的事或打算（准备）做的事：
i am afraid it is going to rain。
it is going to be rather cold tomorrow。
she is not going to speak at the meeting。
在这个结构中过去有许多人不赞成用go和come这两个动词，感到很别扭，主张不说are you going to go anywhere tomorrow？而说are you going anywhere tomorrow？不说is she going to come？而说is she coming？但现在在这种结构中用两个动词的人越来越多，这种用法基本上被大家接受了。
此外，在时间和条件状语从句中，间或也可用现在进行时表示将来的情况或一般情况：
do not mention this when you are talking with him。
remember that when you are taking a rest，some else is always working。
if she is still sleeping，do not wake her up。
现在进行时有时用来代替一般现在时，表示一个经常性动作或状态，这是或是为了表示一种感情（a）如赞叹、厌烦等，或是为了强调情况的暂时性（b）。
a． how are you feeling today？（比how do you feel today？更显亲切）
xiao hua is doing fine work at school。（比xiao hua does fine work at school。更富赞美）
he is always thinking of his work。表赞许
he is constantly leaving his thing about。她老是乱扔东西。（表不满）
he is always boasting。他老爱说大话。（表厌烦）
b．he is sleeping in the next room now。他现在现在是在隔壁房间睡了（不再原来房间睡了）。
the professor is typing his own letters while his secretary is ill。
where is he working？他现在在那里工作？（可能刚换工作）for this week we are starting work at 7：30。
he is walking to work because his bicycle is being repaired。
be间或可用于进行时态，表示一时的表现：
you are not being modest。
he is being silly。
she is being friendly。
xiao hong is being a good girl today。
do not talk rot。i am being serious。
注： 在there和here引起的句子中，常可用一般现在时代替现在进行时：
here comes the bus。（=the bus is coming.）
there goes the bell.(=the bell is ringing.)
在某些情况下两种情况都可以用，没有多少差别：
i wonder(am wondering)how i should answer then.does your leg hurt?(is your leg hurting?)it itches(is itching)terribly.my back aches(is aching).i write(am writing)to inform you.不定代词
是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词，英语中不定代词有：some（something，somebody，someone），any（anything，anybody，anyone），no（nothing，nobody，no one），every（everything，everybody，everyone），all，each，both，much，many，（a）little，（a）few，other（s），another，none，one，either，neither等 物主代词
表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。物主代词有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数的物主代词还有性的变化
情态动词
是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语, 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。
不定代词：anything、everything、nothing 物主代词：my mine his his her hers our ours their theirs 情态动词：can could should may
小学差不多这个水平，其实情态动词还有很多
第五篇：行政管理专业名词英语定义
Proverbs：
1、A burnt child dreads the fire.一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。
2、A clear conscience laughs at false accusations.白日不做亏心事，夜半敲门心不惊。
3、Give a thief rope enough and he will hang himself.多行不义必自毙。
4、Good watch prevents misfortune.有备无患。
5、Hardships never come alone.祸不单行。
6、He who makes himself a dove is eaten by the hawk.弱肉强食。
7、Offence is the best defence.进攻是最好的防御。
8、One false step will make a great difference.失之毫厘，谬以千里。
9、Laugh before breakfast you'll cry before supper.乐极生悲。
10、Diseases come on horseback, but go away on foot.病来如山倒，病去如抽丝。
11、Justice has long arms.天网恢恢，疏而不漏。
Definition:
1、A nonprofit organization(NPO)is an organization that uses surplus revenues to achieve its goals rather than to distribute them as profit or dividends.非营利组织是指通过使用剩余收入实现目标而不是为组织所有者营利为目的的组织。
2、Policy analysis is determining which of various alternative policies will most achieve a given set of goals in light of the relations between the policies and the goals.政策分析是在考虑政策和目标的关系的基础上，决定哪种政策更有利于实现一系列的目标的分析手段。
3、Citizen participation refers to the ability of individuals to have a voice in decision-making, defining and addressing problems, and the dissemination of information gathered on them.公民参与意指个体通过确定问题、解决问题和传播信息，而参与决策制定的能力。
4、E-government(short for electronic government)includes the use of
electronics in government as large-scale as the use of telephones and fax machines, as well as surveillance systems, tracking systems such as RFID tags, and even the use
of television and radios to provide government-related information and services to the citizens.电子政务，就是应用现代信息和通信技术，将管理和服务通过网络技术进行集成，在互联网上实现组织结构和工作流程的优化重组，超越时间和空间及部门之间的分隔限制，向公民提供与政府有关的信息和服务。
5、Good governance is used to describe how public institutions conduct public affairs and manage public resources in order to guarantee the realization of human rights.善治，是被用来描述为公共组织如何处理公共事务，管理公共资源来保证公民权利的实现。
6、Public administration is the activity that public organizations deal with public affairs according to laws.公共行政就是国家行政机构依法管理社会公共事务的有效活动。
7、Checks and balances is a democratic political thought means that Legislative Branch、Executive Branch and Judicial Branch separate from each other and keep balance with each other.三权分立是立法权、行政权和司法权相互独立并互相制衡的民主政治思想。
8、Public policy as government action is generally the principled guide to action taken by the administrative or executive branches of the state with regard to a class of issues in a manner consistent with law and institutional customs.公共政策作为政府的行动，是由国家行政机关或政府行政权的行使者在符合法律和制度习惯的行动指南下做出行政行为的一般的原则。
9、Public value is the equivalent of shareholder value in public management.公共价值观是相当于在公共管理中的股东价值。
10、Sustainable development(SD)is a pattern of economic growth in which resource use aims to meet human needs while preserving the environment so that these needs can be met not only in the present, but also for generations to come.可持续发展是一种经济增长的格局，在这种格局下，资源利用旨在满足人类的需求，保护环境的同时，不仅可以在满足目前的需要，而且使这些需求也能满足子孙后代的需要。
Paragraph1、There are three clear limitations beyond which the division of work cannot go to advantage.The first is practical and arises from the volume of work involved in man-hours.The second limitation arises from technology and custom at a given time and place.The third limitation is that the subdivision of work must not pass beyond physical division into organic division.分工有三个明显的限制，超过这些限制分工就不能有利地进行。首先是实际工作中限制，是由与人员和工作时间有关的工作量产生的。第二种限制是由某一时刻和某一地点的技术和习惯造成的。第三种限制在于，越来越细的分工不能超出身体分工的范围变成器官的分工。
2、The basic needs of human are physiological needs, safety needs, love needs, esteem needs and self-actualization needs in order.And human needs arrange themselves in hierarchies of prepotency.That is to say, the appearance of one need usually rests on the prior satisfaction of another, more intensive need.人的基本需要依次为生理需要、安全需要、爱的需要、尊敬需要和自我实现的需要。人的需要本身按照强烈程度梯状排列。即是说，一种需要的出现通常取决于优先满足另一个更为强烈的需要。
3、There are, then, in all governmental systems two primary or ultimate functions of government, the expression of the will of the state and the execution of that will.There are also in all states separate organs, each of which is mainly busied with the discharge of one of these functions.These functions are, respectively, Politics and Adminis-tration.因此，在所有的政府体制中都存在着两种主要的或基本的政府职能，即国家意志的表达职能和国家意志的执行职能。在所有的国家中都存在着分立的机关，每个分立的机关都用它们的大部分时间行使着两种职能中的一种。这两种职能分别就是：政治与行政。
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