第一篇：高中宾语从句详细讲解与练习（精选）
宾语从句讲与练
在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。1．语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句＋连词＋宾语从句（主语＋谓语＋„„）”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种：
1）连接词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有： who，what，which等。如： Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告诉我谁知道答案吗？
The small children don't know what is in their stockings．这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西？ 2）连接词＋名词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如：
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room．老师问我们房间里有多少人。3）连接词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有：who（m），what，which，how many，how much，when，why，how，where，if ／whether（在句中不充当任何成分）等。如： He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi．他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。
Could you tell me what I should do with the money ？你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗？
4）连接词＋名词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：
Do you know which class he is in ？你知道他在哪个班吗？
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was．她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。2．连接词
1）当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如： He said that he could finish his work before supper．他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。2）当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如：
I don't know if ／whether he still lives here after so many years．我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。但在下列情况下只能用whether：
①在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether（if„or not也可以使用）。如：
Let me know whether ／if he will come or not．（＝Let me know whether or not he will come）让我知道他是否能来。
I don't know whether ／if he does any washing or not．（＝I don't know whether or not he does any washing．）我不知道他洗不洗衣服。
I wonder whether we stay or whether wego．我不知道我们是去还是留。②在介词之后用whether。如：
I'm interested in whether he likes English．我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。
We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time．我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。I worry about whether I hurt her feelings．我担心是否伤了她的感情。③在不定式前用whether。如：
He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man．他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。I don't know whether to go．我不知去否。
He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train．他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。④whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如：
Whether this is true or not，I can't say．这是否真的我说不上来。⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如：
Whether she will come or not is still a question．她是否能来还是个问题。
The question is whether we can catch the bus．问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。⑥若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。如：
Please let me know if you like the book．可理解为：
a．Please let me know whether you like the book．请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。b．If you like the book，please let me know．你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我。3）如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。如：
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning？你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗？ 3．时态
含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容：
1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。如： I don't know when he will come back．我不知道他将何时回来。
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday．他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。
2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。如： ①The children didn't know who he was．孩子们不知道他是谁。
②He asked his father how it happened．他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的。
3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如：
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun．老师说地球绕着太阳转。4．注意：
if和when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当„„时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，其时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。如：
—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ？你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？
—Sorry，I don't know．When he comes back，I'll tell you．对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。—I don't know if he will come．我不知道他是否会来。—He will come if it doesn't rain．如果不下雨，他会来的。简化宾语从句常用六法
同学们常会遇到把含有宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句，使其与原句意思相同（或相近）的试题。下面就介绍几种常用的简化宾语从句的方法：
方法一：当主句谓语动词是hope，decide，wish，choose，agree，promise等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。例如：
Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon.→Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.We decided that we would help him.→We decided to help him.方法二：当主句谓语动词是know，learn，remember，forget，tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：
She has forgotten how she can open the window.→She has forgotten how to open the window.注：当主句谓语动词是tell，ask，show，teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：
Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ →Could you tell me how to get to the station？
方法三：当主句的谓语动词是order（命令），require（需要）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“名词（代词）+不定式”结构。例如：
The headmaster ordered that we should start at once.→ The headmaster ordered us to start at once.方法四：某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词（短语）等其他形式简化。例如：
He insisted that he should go with us.→He insisted on going with us.The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born.→The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth.方法五：某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式（作宾语补足语）”结构。例如：
Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground.→ Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.方法六：动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。例如：
It seemed that the boys were going to win.→The boys seemed to win.除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式的转化。例如：
I found that it was difficult to learn English well.→I found it difficult to learn English well.Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow.→Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.They found that the box was very heavy.→They found the box very heavy.高中宾语从句练习题及答案详解 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 1.The place _______interested me most was the years old.Children's Palace.A.to whom B.on whom C.with which D.with whom A.Which B.where C.what D.in which 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the 2.Do you know the man _______? country?
A.whom I spoke B.to who spoke C.I spoke to D.that A.who B.who's C.which D.whose I spoke 14.I'm interested in ______you have said.3.This is the hotel _______last month.A.all that B.all what C.that D.which A.which they stayed B.at that they stayed 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used C.where they stayed at D.where they stayed yesterday.4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese A.which B.who C.what D.as Communist Party was founded? 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.A.which B.that C.when D.on which A.who B.whom C.that D.as 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.17.He is good at English, ______we all know.A.which B.on which C.in which D.when A.that B.as C.whom D.what 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very from here.much.A.where B.to which C.which D.in which A.I went with B.with whom I went C.with who I went 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the D.I went with him factory _______we are working.19.I don't like ______ as you read.A.where B.that C.which D.there A.the novels B.the such novels C.such novels D.8.This is one of the best films _______.same novels
A.that have been shown this year B.that have shown 20.He talked a lot about things and persons C.that has been shown this year D.that you talked ________they remembered in the school.9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A.which B.that C.whom D.what A.about which you talked B.which you talked 21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in C.about that you talked D.that you talked Beijing.10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A.which B.that C.whom D.who A.with which B.in which C.on which D.by which 22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a ____are women.small boy.A.them B.which C.whom D.who A.whom B.who C.which D.that 23.You're the only person ______I've ever met
______could do it.A.who;/ B./;whom C.whom;/ D./;who
24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.A.whose title B.its title C.the title of it D.the title of that
25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.A.for which B.for that C.in which D.what
26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised 38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.A.that B.which C.who D.as
39.You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A./ B.why C.when D.whose
40.Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.on TV.A.that B.which C.as D.it
27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.A.when;which B.which;when C.what;that D.on which;when
28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.A.which B.whose C.what D./
29.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.A.in which B.with which C.that D.for which 30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A.after which I have looked B.which I have looked after
C.that I have looked after D.I have looked after 31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.A.why;that B.that;why C.for that;that D.for which;what
32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who 33.That is not the way ______I do it.A./ B.which C.for which D.with which
34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A.all of which B.either of which C.both of that D.both of which
35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A.as was B.which was C.as were D.which
36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.A.who B.which C.that D.it
37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.A.that B.which C.from that D.from which
A.that B.which C.it D.though
41.---Did you ask the guard _______ happened?---Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.A.what;that B.what;what C.which;which D.that;that
42.I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with
the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.A.when;who B.that;which C.which;that D.when;which
43.The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.A.owns;are B.owns;is C.own;is D.own;are
44.During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns.A.followed B.following C.to follow D.that followed 45.Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn? A.that B./ C.which D.it
46.The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside house.A.which;what B.through which;what C.through that;what D.what;that
47.Is _______ some German friends visited last week? A.this school B.this the school C.this school one D.this school where
48.John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.A.as B.that C.what D.who
49.I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.A.none of them B.neither of them C.neither of which D.none of which
50.All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.A.are being B.has been C.had been D.have been
参考答案及解析
1.A.which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。
2．C.“和谁讲话”要说speak to sb.本题全句应为Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。
3.D.where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
4.C.when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
5．A.which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。
6．C.解析同第5题。
7.A.解析见第3题。
8.A.本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则the one应该视为先行词。
9.A.“谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。
10.A.with which是”介词+关系代词“结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有”用“的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that.with which在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen.11.C.in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse.In front of which在从句中作状语.12.D.with whom引导定语从句.with whom放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer.13.D.whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语.14.A.that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导.15.D.the same……..as是固定用法, as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本句话中,as作从句的主语.16.D.such……… as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本题中,as作表语.17.B.as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作宾语.18.B.Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定语从句.with whom放在从句中为:I went to the concert with Li Ming.19.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。Such修饰单数名词时,要用such a……..,本题中such books, such直接修饰复数名词.20.B.things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that.21.D.who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语.22.C.two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers.23.D.先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为, whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句who could do it.who在从句中作主语,不可省略.24.A.whose title引导非限制性定语从句,whose title也可以说成the title of which
25.A.for which 引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语 be famous for ”以……..而闻名".26.C.当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as.As在本从句中作主语.27.A.两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when.第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.28.D.在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in(或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。
29.D.for which在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why 来替代.30.B.which I have looked after 构成一个非限制性定语从句.31.A.The reason why… was that….已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有 “因为”的含义。
32.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.33.A.解释见28题.34.D.主句中的two表明不能选A.从句中的are表明不能选B.both of which用来引导非限制性定语从句.35.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语.36.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.37.D.38.D.解析见35题.39.A.he makes是定语从句, 从句前省略了关系代词that.40.B.which is a bad habit 非限制性定语从句.41.A.what happened是宾语从句.all 之后that he knew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that.42.D.years是表示时间的名词,用when引导定语从句,是因为when在从句中作时间状语.第二个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句.43.C.本句话的定语从句是who own cars.其先行词是people,因此,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own。本句话主句的主语是The number of指“…..的数目”，是单数概念。因此，主句的谓语动词要用is。
44.D.that followed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。
45.A.先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that，而不用which。
46.B.through which引导定语从句，through which即through the hole,在定语从句中作状语。What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语。
47.B.为便于理解，改写本句话：This is the school that some Germanfriends visited last week.不难看出，作表语的the school是先行词。that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对。
48.A.解释见35题。
49.C.因为是two ballpens, 并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念。因此，C是正确选项。
50.B.本句话中，主句的主语是all,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的has been。关系代词that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。
第二篇：讲解宾语从句
讲解宾语从句，定语从句，表语从句，状语从句
浏览次数：1378次悬赏分：0 | 解决时间：2009-6-13 17:26 | 提问者：鱼台问问
详细讲解
最佳答案
一、状语从句分类及常用连词：
类别 连 词
时间状语从句 when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once, as soon as,etc.地点状语从句 where,wherever
原因状语从句 because, since, as, for, now that, etc.目的状语从句 in order that, so that, that, etc.结果状语从句 so…that, so that, such…that, that, etc.条件状语从句 if, unless, as(so)long as, etc.让步状语从句 though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as,etc.比较状语从句 as…as, so…as, than, etc.方式状语从句 as, as if, as though, etc.二、相似连词的用法区别
1.when, while, as，while表时间，从句需用延续性动词，切不可用瞬间动词。
when表时间，从句既可以用延续性动词，又可以用瞬间动词。
as表时间，与when相似，但侧重强调主从句动作同点或同段进行。
when, while后可以接分词短语。
2.because, as, since, for
语气 位置 意义
because 最强 前或后 “原因”；表客观因果关系；回答“” as 较强 前 “由于”；把众人所知的事实当作理由
since 较弱 前 “既然”；就对方陈述的事实作为理由
for 最弱 后 “理由”；对某一事实进行推断的理由
注：上面所说的“前”，指从句在主句之前；“后”，指从句在主句之后。
3.so that, so…that, such…that
so that “以便”、“结果”表目的和结果。注意：在从句中有情态动词表目的。无情态动词表结果。
so…that “如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于： 1.so+形／副＋that 2.so+形＋a(an)＋单数名词＋that 3.so＋many/much＋复数名词（不可数名词）+that
such…that “如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于：
1.such＋a(an)＋形＋名词＋that 2.such＋形＋复数名词／不可数名词＋that
4.though, although, as，though, although在句首表“尽管”两者都可以用。但句后不能再用but。
下列情况只能用though：
▲ as though(=as if);even if(=even though)▲ 在句末表示“然而”
as表示“尽管”，从句的表语、状语等成分要倒装。
5.whatever, however,wherever, whenever
它们是what, how, where, when的强势语气。分别等于：
no matter what, no matter how no matter where, no matter when
二宾语从句
1.肯定句
结构:主句+that（可有可无）+肯定句
2.一般疑问句
结构:主句+if+一般疑问句
3.特殊疑问句
结构:主句+疑问词+肯定句。
宾语从句的时态
1.主现从不限（主句是一般现在时，从句的时态不限）
2.主过从四过（主居是一般过去时，从句的时态应是一般过去时、过去完成时、过去将来时或者过去进行时）
在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句是初中英语中最重要的一种从句，它内容完整，句型结构较为复杂，主句和从句时态搭配要求严格，在中考试题中频频出现。而且学好宾语从句也可为到高中学习间接引语、主语从句、表语从句及同位语从句打下良好的基础。学习宾语从句并不难，只要你能过好下面的三道关：
第一关，选好连接词（也有人叫关联词）。
引导宾语从句的连接词，课本上写有三类，但从学习的角度看分为四类更为实用。
1．连词that：只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中或非正式文体中常被省略。例如：
1）He knew（that）he should work hard．
2）I am glad（that）you've passed the exam． 2．连词whether或if：它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，口语中多用if。例如：
3）Do you know whether he will ride here at 8 tomorrow morning？（注：2002上海市徐汇区中考试题填上答案后的句子。以下再有这种例句，都为2002年中考题，只写某地。）
4）Tom didn't know if／whether his grandpa liked the present．
作“是否”解的if和whether在具体用法上差别较大，同学们不易掌握。在宾语从句中用whether没有用if时受到那么多限制。例如：
5）He asked me whether or not I was coming．他问我是否要来。（该句中的whether不能换成if，因为if不能与or连用。）
3．连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which：它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有其自己的意义。例如：
6）The teacher asked the new student which class he was in？（武汉市）（which引导宾语从句，在从句中作定语，修饰class，意为“哪个”。）
7）Can you tell me whom he is waiting for？（天津市）
4．连接副词when，where，why，how：起连接作用，分别作时间、地点、原因、方式状语，各有其自己的意义。例如：
8）I wonder where he got so much money．对他从哪里弄到那么多钱我感到疑惑。（where在从句中作地点状语，修饰got，意为“哪里；什么地方”。）
9）He didn't tell me how old his friend was．（四川省）（how引导宾语从句，作程度状语，修饰old，意为“怎样；如何”等意。）
第二关，牢记宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序，即“连接词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。这里特别强调的是，它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述句的语序，不是疑问句的倒装语序。例如：
10）You must remember what your teacher said．（河南省）
11）—Dad，do you know when the football game will start？
—In half an hour．（宁波市）
12）汉译英：你能不能告诉我，我们去看望谁？
误：Can you tell me who（m）do we have to see？
正：Can you tell me who（m）we have to see？
错句的错误出在宾语从句中误用了疑问句的结构——主语前加了个助动词do。因为我们已经习惯了特殊疑问句，如W hat time does the plane arrive in Paris？就顺口说出“Do you know what time does the plane arrive in Paris？”这种错误句子来。但是一旦我们注意了，我们不久就习惯于说“Do you know what time the plane arrives in Paris？”了。
第三关，注意时态的呼应。
宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受主句谓语时态的制约，这种现象称为“时态的呼应”。例如：
13）汉译英：我原以为你今天有空的。
误：I thought（that）you are free today．
正：I thought（that）you would be free today． 错句中宾语从句用are很可能是因为有 today，但因为主句谓语是thought，所以从句谓语就该用过去将来时would be了。
这种时态的呼应，如果主句谓语是现在时或将来时，宾语从句的谓语时态不受限制，如上述例句2），3），7），8），10），11），12）。如果主句时态是过去时，宾语从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时（即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等）。例如：
14）He thought he was working for the people．
15）I heard she had been to the Great W all．
16）John hoped that he would find a job soon．
但宾语从句如果表示定理法则、永恒真理等，则不变化：
17）The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun
定语从句
定语从句
内容提要
定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。状语从句分为时间状语从句，结果状语从句，让步状语从句，原因状语从句，条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。名词从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。
一、限定性定语从句
1.that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置
2.which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢
3.代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略
4.who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语
5.where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句
6.when引导定语从句表示时间
〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time“一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导
By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7.whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格
8.当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导
二、非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立
1.which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分
2.在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which
Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which)attitudes towards night dreaming have changed.人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。
I like the music for the very reason that(for which)he dislike it.我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐，而他恰恰与我相反。
We arrived the day that(on which)they left.刚好我们到的那天他们走了。
3.有时as也可用作关系代词
4.在非限定性定语从句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物
三、定语从句结构错误
1.缺关系词
2.从句中缺成分
最佳答案
定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。状语从句分为时间状语从句，结果状语从句，让步状语从句，原因状语从句，条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。名词从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。
一、限定性定语从句
1.that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢 掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置
2.which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢
3.代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略
4.who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语
5.where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句
6.when引导定语从句表示时间
〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time”一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导
By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7.whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格
8.当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导
二、非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立
1.which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分
2.在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which
Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which)attitudes towards night dreaming have changed.人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。
I like the music for the very reason that(for which)he dislike it.我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐，而他恰恰与我相反。
We arrived the day that(on which)they left.刚好我们到的那天他们走了。
3.有时as也可用作关系代词
4.在非限定性定语从句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物
状语从句
§ 1状语从句的种类
用来修饰谓语动词、其它动词、定语、状语或整个句子的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句可分为：
1.时间状语从句；(adverbial clause of time)
2.地点状语从句；(adverbial clause of place)
3.原因状语从句；(adverbial clause of cause)
4.条件状语从句；(adverbial clause of condition)
5.目的状语从句；(adverbial clause of purpose)
6.让步状语从句；(adverbial clause of concession)7.比较状语从句；(adverbial clause of comparison)
8.程度状语从句；(adverbial clause of degree)
9.方式状语从句；(adverbial clause of manner)
10.结果状语从句。(adverbial clause of result)
§2状语从句的时态特点
一般情况下，时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”，用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”。例如：
I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。（这是由as soon as引导的时间状语从句，从句中的谓语动词arrive是一般现在时，表示一般将来时，决不可用will arrive）
As soon as I have finished this work, I will go home.我一完成此工作，就回家。（从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时have finished，表示将来完成时,决不可用will have finished）
If he comes back, please let me know.如果他回来了，请通知我。（从句中的谓语动词用comes back,表示一般将来时，决不可用will come back）
二 时间状语从句
§3时间状语从句（adverbial clause of time）
1.由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句。例如：
When you think you know nothing, then you begin to know something.当你以为自己一无所知的时候，你就是在开始知道一些事物了。
When truth is buried under the ground it grows, it chokes, it gathers such an explosive force that on the day it bursts out , it blows up everything with it.当真理被埋在地下的时候，它在生长，它感到压抑，它蓄存着这么一种爆炸性力量，一旦冒出，它就会炸破一切！
Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。
Will you watch my clothes while I have a swim.我游泳的时候，请你照看一下我的衣服。
You can feel the air moving as your hand pushes through it.当你的手在空气中挥动的时候，你就能感觉到空气在流动。
Our headmaster laughed as she spoke.我们的校长边谈边笑。
【区别】when, while和as的区别：when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。并且when有时表示“就在那时”。例如：
When she came in, I stopped eating.她进来时，我在吃饭。(瞬时动词)
When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.当的住在农村时，我常常为他担水。（延续性的动词）
We were about to leave when he came in.我们就要离开，就在那时他进来了。
While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。并且while有时还可以表示对比。例如：
While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.(was reading是延续性的动词，was reading和was watching同时发生)
I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。（对比）
As表示“一边……一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后。例如：
We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。（as表示“一边……一边”）
As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间）
2.由before和after引导的时间状语从句。注意before引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语，并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成“就，才”。还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后。After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反。例如：
It will be four days before they come back.他们要过四天才能回来。
Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.爱因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看到我。
My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。
They had not been married four months before they were divorced.他们结婚还不到四个月就离婚了。
After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔细考虑过以后，告诉我你是怎样决定的。
After we had finished the work, we went home.完成工作之后，我们回家了。（从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时）
3.由till或until引导的时间状语从句。till和until一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until。并且要注意的是：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。例如：
I didn't go to bed until（till）my father came back.直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。
It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.直到散会之后他才开始教我英语。
I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止。
I didn't work until he came back.他回来我这才开始工作。
Please wait until I arrived.在我到达之前请等我。
4.由since引导的时间状语从句。since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在It is ＋时间＋since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。例如：
I have been in Beijing since you left.自从你离开以来，我一直在北京了。
Where have you been since I last saw you? 自上次我和你见面以后，你到哪里去了？
It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。
It is five months since our boss was in Beijing.我们老板离开北京有五个月了。
5.由as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, 等引导的时间状语从句。这些连词都表示“一……就”。例如：
I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast.吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。
The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot.我一听到消息，马上赶到了出事地点。
As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up.我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。
【注意】hardly(scarcely, rarely)…when / before, no sooner…than相当于as soon as之意。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。当hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首时，主句应用倒装语序。例如：
He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.他刚到家，就被邀请开始另一旅程。
No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work.太阳刚从地平线上升起，他就起床劳动去了。
Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in.我刚坐下，他就进来了。
He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder.这个阿拉伯人刚要入睡就感到肩膀上被轻轻一触。
6.由by the time引导的时间状语从句。注意时态的变化：在一般情况下，如果从句的谓语动词用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词用过去完成时；如果主句的谓语动词用一般现在时，主句的谓语动词用将来完成时。例如：
By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回来时，我已经写完这本书了。
By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work.你明天来这儿的时候，我将已经完成此工作了。
7.由each time, every time和whenever引导的时间状语从句。例如：
Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me.他每次来哈尔滨，总是来看我。
Whenever that man says“To tell the truth”, I suspect that he's about to tell a lie.每当那个人说“说实在话”的时候，我猜想他就要说谎了。
You grow younger every time I see you.每次遇到你，见你更年轻了。
8.由as long as和so long as引导的时间状语从句。这两个连词表示“有多久……就多久”。例如：
You can go where you like as long as you get back before dark.你可以随意到哪里去，只要在天黑以前回来就行。
I will fight against these conditions as long as there is a breath in my body!只要我一息尚存，我就要反对这种境况。
三 地点状语从句
§4地点状语从句(adverbial clause of place)
地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等引导，已经形成了固定的句型，例如：
句型1：Where＋地点从句，（there）＋主句。
【注意】此句型通常译成“哪里……哪里就……”；主句在从句后面时，there可用可不用；如果主句在从句的前面时，一般都不用there。例如：
Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在没有雨水的地方，耕作是困难的，或根本不可能的。
They were good persons.Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed.他们都是好人。因此他们走到哪里都受到热烈欢迎。
You should have put the book where you found it.你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。
Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated.哪里有了中国共产党，哪里人民得解放。
句型2：Anywhere/ wherever＋地点从句，＋主句。
【注意】anywhere本身是个副词，但是，常可以引导从句，相当于连词，意思相似于wherever, anywhere引导的从句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而wherever本身就是个连词，表示“在何处，无论何处”。例如：
Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.有海就有海员
同位语
一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。
1.由两个或两个以上同一层次的语言单位组成的结构,其中前项与后项所指相同,句法功能也相同,后项是前项的同位语。
Mr.Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us.我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。
Mr.Smith是主词our new teacher的同位语,指同一人。
Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brother's.昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友汤姆。
a friend of my brother's是受词Tom的同位语,指同一人。
2.如同位语与其同位成分关系紧密时不用逗点隔开;如同位语对其同位成分只作补充解释时可用逗点隔开。
He himself told me that his brother John is a world-famous doctor.他本人对我讲,他的兄长约翰是一位世界闻名的医生。
himself和John都是单一的字作同位语,与其同位成分之间不用逗点隔开。
Yesterday I talked to my English teacher, Mr.James.昨天我与我的英语老师詹姆斯先生谈过了。
同位语Mr.James补充解释my English teacher,同位语与其同位成分之间可用逗点隔开。
3.同位语除表示其同位成分的全部意义外,还可以表示部分意义。
We Chinese people are brave and hardworking.我们中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
He is interested in sports, especially ball games.他喜欢运动,特别是球类运动。
同位从句一般跟在某些名词如answer(答案)，hope(希望)，fact(事实)，belief(信仰)，news(消息)，idea(主意；观念)，promise(承诺)，information(信息)，conclusion(结论)，order(命令)，suggestion(建议)，problem(问题)，thought(想法)等后面。例如： He always works hard even if he knows the fact that he is not in good health.His failure was due to the fact that he had not practised for a long time.I had no idea that you were here.She told us her hope that she would become a pianist.He made a promise that he would never come late.注意： that 既可引导同位语从句又可引导定语从句，其区别在于：同位语从句由连接词that引导，连接词that本身无意义，在同位语从句中不充当任何成分，不可省略，不可以用其他词替代；定语从句由关系代词that引导，关系代词that在从句中充当一定的成分，作宾语时可省略，由when, why, where引导的 同位语从句和定语从句的区别在于： 同位语从句由连接副词只起连接作用，没有指代作用； 定语从句由关系副词引导，关系副词具有指代先行词的作用，常用一个介词加关系代词替换。例如:I will never forget the day when we first met.（同位语从句, when为连接词）That is the special day(which/that)I will never forget.（定语从句，which/that为关系副词）This is the house where we lived fifteen years ago.（同位语从句, where为连接词）This is the house which we sold fifteen years ago.（定语从句，where为关系副词）
区分表语从句和同位语从句
从句是相对于主句而言的，即它是从属于某一个主句，而不能单独作一个句子。在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。
主语从句用作主语，如：：
That the earth is round is true.地球为圆的是真实的。
宾语从句用作宾语。如：
Do you know where he lives?
表语从句用作表语，如：
My opinion is that you should not go alone.我的意见是你不应单独前往。
同位语从句用于解释说明前面的名词。如：
The fact that the earth is round is true.地球是圆的的事实是真实的。（that从句用于解释说明the fact）
定语从句相当于一个形容词，用于修饰前面的名词。如：
The student who answered the question was John.回答问题的学生是John.状语从句相当于一个副词，如：
When it rains, I usually go to school by bus.天下雨时，我通常坐公共汽车上学。（时间状语）
If he comes tomorrow, you will see him.如果他明天来，你就可以看见他。（if 引导的条件状语从句，其结构为：if +状语从句，＋主句）。要注意在状语从句中有一个规则是“主将从现”，即主句是将来时，则从句要用一般现在时表示将来。
主句和从句的划分方法是相同的。句子的成分从谓语动词处来划分比较容易。谓语动词前面的部分是主语，后面常接宾语，修饰谓语动词的是状语，修饰主语、宾语的是定语，若谓语是系动词，则系动词后的部分是表语。如：
I am a teacher.其中，I 是主语，am是谓语，a teacher 是表语。
He likes playing football very mucy.其中，he是主语，likes是谓语，playing football是宾语，very much是状语。
参考资料：http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/45927224.html?fr=qrl
第三篇：好教案 宾语从句讲解 与练习8.31
宾语从句
在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
1．语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句＋连词＋宾语从句（主语＋谓语＋……）”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种：
1）连接词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有： who，what，which等。如：
Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告诉我谁知道答案吗？
The small children don't know what is in their stockings．这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西？
2）连接词＋名词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如：
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room．老师问我们房间里有多少人。
3）连接词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有：who（m），what，which，how many，how much，when，why，how，where，if ／whether（在句中不充当任何成分）等。如：
He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi．他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。
Could you tell me what I should do with the money ？你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗？
4）连接词＋名词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：
Do you know which class he is in ？你知道他在哪个班吗？
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was．她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。
2．连接词
1）当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：
He said that he could finish his work before supper．他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。
2）当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如：
I don't know if ／whether he still lives here after so many years．我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
但在下列情况下只能用whether：
①在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，尤其是直接
与or not连用时，往往用whether（if…or not也可以使用）。如：
Let me know whether ／if he will come or not．（＝Let me know whether or not he will come）让我知道他是否能来。
I don't know whether ／if he does any washing or not．（＝I don't know whether or not he does any washing．）我不知道他洗不洗衣服。
I wonder whether we stay or whether wego．我不知道我们是去还是留。
②在介词之后用whether。如：
I'm interested in whether he likes English．我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。
We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time．我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings．我担心是否伤了她的感情。
③在不定式前用whether。如：
He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man．他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。
I don't know whether to go．我不知去否。
He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train．他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。
④whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如：
Whether this is true or not，I can't say．这是否真的我说不上来。
⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如：
Whether she will come or not is still a question．她是否能来还是个问题。
The question is whether we can catch the bus．问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。
⑥若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。如：
Please let me know if you like the book．可理解为：
a．Please let me know whether you like the book．请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。
b．If you like the book，please let me know．你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我。
3）如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。如：
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning？你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗？
3．时态
含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容：
1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。如：
I don't know when he will come back．我不知道他将何时回来。
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday．他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。
2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。如：
①The children didn't know who he was．孩子们不知道他是谁。
②He asked his father how it happened．他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的。
3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如：
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun．老师说地球绕着太阳转。
4．注意：
if和when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当……时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，其时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。如：
—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ？你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？
—Sorry，I don't know．When he comes back，I'll tell you．对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。
—I don't know if he will come．我不知道他是否会来。
—He will come if it doesn't rain．如果不下雨，他会来的。
简化宾语从句常用六法
同学们常会遇到把含有宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句，使其与原句意思相同（或相近）的试题。下面就介绍几种常用的简化宾语从句的方法：
方法一：当主句谓语动词是hope，decide，wish，choose，agree，promise等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。例如：
Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon.→Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.We decided that we would help him.→We decided to help him.方法二：当主句谓语动词是know，learn，remember，forget，tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：
She has forgotten how she can open the window.→She has forgotten how to open the window.注：当主句谓语动词是tell，ask，show，teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：
Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ →Could you tell me how to get to the station？
方法三：当主句的谓语动词是order（命令），require（需要）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“名词（代词）+不定式”结构。例如：
The headmaster ordered that we should start at once.→ The headmaster ordered us to start at once.方法四：某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词（短语）等其他形式简化。例如：
He insisted that he should go with us.→He insisted on going with us.The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born.→The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth.方法五：某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式（作宾语补足语）”结构。例如：
Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground.→ Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.方法六：动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。例如：
It seemed that the boys were going to win.→The boys seemed to win.除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式的转化。例如：
I found that it was difficult to learn English well.→I found it difficult to learn English well.Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow.→Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.They found that the box was very heavy.→They found the box very hea 宾语从句专项练习
一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。1．These flowers are from Guangdong.He said.He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong.2.Light travels faster than sound.My teacher told me.My teacher told me _____ light _______ faster than sound.3．There will be a meeting in five days.Jack didn’t know.Jack didn’t know _____ there _____ ____ a meeting in five days.4．Can they speak French? I want to know.I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French.5．Are the children playing games? Tell me.Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games.6．Have you finished your homework yet? Mr.Zhao asked Ma Gang.Mr.Zhao asked Ma Gang ____ _____ ____ ____ ___ homework yet.7．How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows? Who knows ______ _____ _____ ____ _____ ______ in the picture?
8．Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know _____ _____ ____ her car? 9．What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.The girl wondered _____ _____ often ________ about.10．Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know.I don’ t know ____ _______ at the door so loudly.11.Does he still live in that street? I don't know.I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street.12.What's his name? I asked him.I asked him what _____ _____ _____.13.When does the train arrive? Please tell me.Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________.14.Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys.He asked the boys _______ they ______ fried chicken.15.Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don't know.I don't know _______ the watch _______ made in Shanghai.二、选择填空。
（）1.What did Mike say? He said ____________________.A.if you are free the next week
B.what colour was it C.the weather is fine
D.summer comes after spring（）2.Tom asked my friend ________________.A.where was he from
B.that the earth is bigger than the moon C.when did he come back
D.not to be so angry（）3.Let me tell you __________________.A.how much is the car
B.how much does the car cost C.how much did I pay for the car
D.how much I spent on the car（）4.Peter knew _______________.A.whether he has finished reading the book
B.why the boy had so many questions C.there were 12 months in a year
D.when they will leave for Paris（）5.Could you tell me ___________?
A.where do you live
B.who you are waiting for
C.who were you waiting for
D.where you live in（）6.I can't understand ______the boy alone.A.why she left
B.why did she leave
C.why she had left
D.why had she left（）7.She told me the sun ______ in the east.A.rise B.rose C.rises D.had risen（）8.I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.A.why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D.why he got（）9.The manager came up to see __________.A.what was the matter B.what the matter was C.what the matter is D.what's the matter（）10.He asked his father _______.A.where it happens B.where did it happen
C.how it happened D.how did it happen（）11.No one tells us______, so we need your help.A.how we should do B.what should we do
C.how to do it D.what to do it
（）12.Could you please teach me _______ the computer.A.how check B.to check C.how to check D.to how checking
（）13.They don't know _______their parents are.A that
B what
C why
D which
（）14.─Where do you think ______ he _____ the TV set? ─ Sorry, I've no idea.A./, bought B.has, bought C.did, buy D.did bought
（）15.Our homework has changed a lot.Who can tell _____ it would be like in _____ five years.A.how, another B.what, more C.how ,other D.what, another
（）16.─ Could you tell me ______? ─ Yes.He ____ to the USA.A.where is he/ has been B.where he is/ has gone
C.where was he/ has been D.where he was/ has gone（）17.─Mike wants to know if ____ a picnic tomorrow.─Yes.But if it _______, we'll visit the museum instead.A.you have/ will rain B.you will have/ will rain
C.you will have/ rains D.will you have/ rains
（）18.I really don't know if she _______ it when she ________.A.finds/ arrives
B.finds/ will arrive C.will find/ will arrive D.will find/ arrives
（）19.Miss Liu said ______ she would leave the message on the headmaster”s desk.A.that
B.where
C.which
D.what（）20.He asked me _______.A.who will kick the first goal in the World Cup B.when was the APEC meeting held
C.when China became a member of the WTO D.where the 2008 Olympics will be held
（）21.In the bookshop , a reader asked the shopkeeper ______ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.A.that
B.how
C.what
D.if（）22.You must remember _______.A.what your teacher said
B.what did your teacher say C.your teacher said what
D.what has your teacher said（）23.I don”t know ______.A.which room I can live
B.which room can I live C.which room I can live in
D.which room can I live in（）24.－－Do you know when he ______ back ?
－－Sorry , I don”t.When he _______back , I”ll tell you.A.comes;comes
B.comes;will come C.will come;comes
D.will come;will come（）25 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.A.took
B.take
C.takes D.will take（）26 Mary said that she ___ to Guangzhou.A.has never gone
B.had never gone C.has never been
D.had never been（）27 The students want to know whether they___ a PE class today.A.had
B.has
C.will have D.are
（）28.Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty? A.who B.what C.when D.that（）29.I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.A.what B.if C.when D.where（）30.Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening? A.what
B when
C why
D how
三、用合适的连接词填空。
1.Jim told me ____ he didn't go fishing yesterday afternoon.（how, why）
2.Do you know ______ else is going to be on duty today？（who, whom）
3.She said _____ it wouldn't matter much.（that, if）
4.He always thinks ______ he can do better.（how, who）5.I really don't know ________ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）
6.They don't know _______ to go or wait.(if, whether)7.We are talking about ______ we’ll go back tomorrow.(whether, if)
8.I was really surprised at ______ I saw.(where, what)9.I don't know ____ so many people are looking at him.(how, why)10.Do you know ______ you are studying for?(why, what)
四、句型转换。
1.“Do you want to try it?” Tom's mother asked him.(同义句)→
Tom's mother asked him _______ _______ ______ to try it.2.I think this is a good idea.（改为否定句）→
I _______ ________ this ________ a good idea.3.Lucy hasn't decided which trousers to buy.（改为复合句）→
Lucy hasn't decided ________ _________ ________ _______ buy.4.I don't know how I can get to the hospital.（改为简单句）→
I don't know ________ ________ ________ to the hospital.5.I don’t suppose they will come, _______ ______ ?(改为反意疑问句)
五、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.We are sure that he ________(go)to school tomorrow.2.Do you know who ______(be)the first man to walk on the moon?
3.Could you tell me where the post office ______(is)?
4.Our father said that he _______(will)buy a new computer.5.I hear that he _______(swim)in the sea yesterday.6.The little boy tells us where his father _______(work).7.He said that he _________(finish)his work already.8.They thought they could _______(hike)to the top of the mountain.9.He was glad that so many people _____(help)him.10.She doesn’t know whether ________(go)or wait.参考答案：
一、1.that, were 2.that, travels 3.that, would be 4.if/whether they can speak 5.if/whether, are playing 6.if/whether he had finished his 7.how many people you can see 8.where she parked 9.what he, talked 10.who knocked 11.if/whether, lives 12.his name was 14.if/whether, wanted 15.if/whether, was
二、1—5: DDDBB 6—10:ACDBC 11—15:CCBAD 16—20:BCDAC 21—25:DACCA 26—30:DCCBA
三、1.why 2.who 3.that 4.how 5.how soon 6.whether 7.whether 8.what 9.why 10.what
四、1.if/whether he wanted 2.don’t think, is 3.which trousers she can 4.how to get 5.will they
五、1.will go 2.was 3.is 4.would 5.swam 6.works
7.had finished 8.hike 9.helped 10.to go
第四篇：高中 同位语从句详细讲解与练习(附答案)
同位语从句讲义
1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2.用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词。如： They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？
Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。如：I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否来。连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。1．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别? that引导的同位语从句 that引导的定语从句 句法功能上
that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。
that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作 动词的宾语时可省略。意义上
从句是被修饰名词的内容。从句起限定作用，是定语 如：
The news that Mr.Li will be our new English teacher is true.(同位语从句，that不可省)李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。The news(that)he told me yesterday is true.(定语从句，that在从句中作的宾语，可省)他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。
2．一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should可省。如： This is our only request that this(should)be settled as soon as possible.这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。
同位语从句
是名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)中的主要从句之一，从句作同位语表示与之同位的名词(短语)的实际内容，它的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词(短语)加以补充说明或进一步解释，相当于一个表语从句，它们之间的关系是同位关系，即主表关系。
详细信息 一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。
1.名词作同位语
Mr Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。
2.短语作同位语
I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.我，作为家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。
3.直接引语作同位语
But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题：“多莉早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗？” 4.句子作同位语
The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。
同位语从句用法
同位语部分是个句子,就是同位语从句,这种用法比较“固定”
一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。
I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。
I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。
三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that，whether，连接副词 how,when,where等。（注：if,which 不能引导同位语从句。）
He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。
The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city． 他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。
同位语从句-引导词
同位语从句的引导词，引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等。
1.连词that引导同位语从句
（注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略）
The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。（作idea的同位语）
【注意1】在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气
There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.有一项建议是布朗应该离队。
【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。
He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane.他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。
2.连词whether引导同位语从句（注：if不能引导同位语从句）
The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor.我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。
【注意】whether 可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。
其它引导词引导的同位语从句
连接代词what, who, whom, whose, which引导同位语从句
1).I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿几号的鞋。（what作定语）
2).I have no idea which wine is best—it’s a matter of personal taste.我不知道哪种酒最好，这是个人口味的问题。（which作定语）
3).The question who will take his place is still not clear.（who作主语）
4.连接副词引导同位语从句
连接副词when, where, how, why
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
同位语从句-相关语法
一、同位语从句在句中的位置
1.一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词(如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message等)的后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。
I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。
2.有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。
The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home.她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。
二、同位语从句前名词的数
同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪儿听说我不能来？
三、同位语从句的语气
在suggestion，advice，request，order等意为“建议；命令；要求”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should +动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中的should可以省略。
Our teacher gave us some advice how we(should)use the computer.老师给我们提出了一些如何使用电脑的建议。
四、同位语从句的先行词
同位语从句的先行词通常是抽象名词，常见的有：idea, situation thought, fact, evidence, belief, doubt, fear, hope, question, theory, news, order, ability等等。
How did the cheats explain the fact that the Emperor didn't feel the new clothes in him? 皇帝觉得身上并没有穿上新衣，对这个问题骗子是怎样解释的?
代词it可用作同位语从句的先行词。这个it常放在某些动词或短语动词后作宾语，同时兼作其后that同位语从句的先行词。
I owe it to you that I am still alive.幸亏你，我现在还活着。
有的语法学家把先行词it后的that从句看作是动词或介词的真正宾语。一般认为，这种it后的that 从句应看作it的同位语，因为它相当于“主语+be+表语”结构。
You must se to it that the children don't catch cold.(=You must see to it, and It is that the children don't catch cold.)你要当心，别让孩子们着凉了。
同位语从句-语法区别 与定语从句的的语法区别： 1．意义的不同
同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号；而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来：
We are glad at the news that he will come.听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。(news的内容就是that he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句)
We are glad at the news that he told us.听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。(that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news，故that从句为定语从句)
2.引导词的不同
what, how, if, whatever 等可引导名词性从句，但不引导定语从句。
3.引导词的功能上的不同
that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。如上例 that he told us中的that就充当told的宾语。
4.被修饰词语的区别
同位语从句所修饰的名词比较有限，通常有hope, wish, idea, news, fact, promise, opinion, suggestion, truth等，而定语从句所修饰的名词则非常广泛。另外，when和where 引导定语从句时，通常只修饰表示时间和地点的名词，而它们引导同位语从句时却不一定；又如why引导定语从句，它通常只修饰名词the reason，而它引导同位语从句时则不一定：
I have no idea when they will come.我不知道他们什么时候来。(同位语从句)
I’ll never forget the days when I lived there..我永远不会忘记我住在那儿的日子。(定语从句）
同位语从句-特殊形式
1.间隔同位语从句
同位语从句通常是跟在它解释或说明的名词后，但有些情况下，由于句子结构的原因，同位语从句不紧跟在名词后，而被其他的词隔开。
A warm thought suddenly came to me that I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother's birthday
简析：由于that从句太长，为避免句子失去平衡，此处用了间隔同位语从句
2.suggestion,request和order等名词后的同位语从句用虚拟语气。
She made a request that the doctor(should)be sent for at once.她请求立即请医生来。
简析：suggestion，order，request，proposal，requirement，command，advice，proposition和recommendation等名词后接同位语从句时，从句中的谓语动词要用“(should+)动词原形”的形式，其中should一词可省略。
3.短语及固定句式后的同位语从句
I will come on condition that John is invited.如果约翰也被邀请的话，我就来。
简析：短语On condition, on supposition, on the ground(s), on the understanding, with the exception, in spite of the fact, on the assumption及句式There BE+no doubt(hope,chance,possibility,…)后的that从句为同位语从句。
同位语从句-雅思例句 I have a dream that one day, all roads will be made plain.We hold this truth to be self-evident that all men are created equal.3 Some people hold the opinion that the Internet is a curse.Museums play a role of education for the simple reason that they provide people with a good opportunityto have a deeper understanding of their own country's tradition and cultures.同位语从句练习题
用适当的连接词填空：
It worried her a bit _____ her hair was turning gray.2.I have no idea _____ we can do with these waste materials.3.____the doctor really doubts is____my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.4.It is hoped____nature will never be destroyed.5.____do you guess will give a talk on English tomorrow? 6.--I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.--Is that ____ you had a few days off? 7.Word came____I was wanted at the office.8.Do you know ____of them will be our new headmaster? 9.The teacher didn’t tell me ____we were wrong.10.It’s generally considered unwise to give a child ____he or she wants.B.单项选择
It was true _____ Alice did surprised her mother.A.that
B.what
C.that, what
D.what, that 2.Does ____matter much ____he can’t come to the meeting.A.it, if
B.that, if
C.it, whether
D.this, whether 3.--What are you anxious about?
--____ A.How can we succeed
B.Whether we can succeed
C.When can we succeed
D.That we can succeed 4.The reason ____the little actress has been such a success is ____she is both clever and hard-working.A.why, why
B.why, that
C.that, because
D.for, because 5.____leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A.Who
B.Whoever
C.Anyone
D.The person 6.I really don’t know _____I had this photo taken.A.where it was that
B.it was that
C.where it was
D.it was why 7.? Dr.Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge.I can’t remember ____.A.where
B.there
C.which
D.that 8.--What do you think of China?
--____different life is today from ____it used to be.A.How, what
B.What, what
C.How, that
D.What, that 9.Give this to ____you think can do the work well.A.who
B.whom
C.whoever
D.whomever
10.____troubles me is ____I can’t learn all these English idioms by heart.A.That, that
B.What, what
C.That, what
D.What, that
练习二
1.The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all.A.that
B.what
C.why
D.which
2.The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability.A.that
B.what
C.which D.why
3.The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.A.what
B.that
C.why
D.when
4.His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down.A.which
B.that
C./
D.it
5.I have no idea ____ he will start.A.when
B.that
C.what
D./
6.I've come from the government with a message ____ the meeting won't be held tomorrow.A.if
B.that
C.whether
D.which
7.The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him.A.when
B.which
C.what
D.that
8.The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.A.which
B.whether
C.that
D.what
9.The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ____ he would die of the disease.A.that
B.as
C.of which
D.which
10.He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing.A.whether
B.where
C.that
D.when
练习一答案A.1.that 2.what 3.what，whether 4.that 5.who 6.why 7.that 8.which 9.where 10.whatever B.1—5 CABBB 6—10 ACACD 练习二答案：1-5 AABBA
6-10 BDCAA
同位语从句
是名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)中的主要从句之一，从句作同位语表示与之同位的名词(短语)的实际内容，它的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词(短语)加以补充说明或进一步解释，相当于一个表语从句，它们之间的关系是同位关系，即主表关系。
详细信息 一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。
1.名词作同位语
Mr Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。
2.短语作同位语
I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.我，作为家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。
3.直接引语作同位语
But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题：“多莉早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗？” 4.句子作同位语
The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。
同位语从句用法
同位语部分是个句子,就是同位语从句,这种用法比较“固定”
一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。
I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。
I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。
三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that，whether，连接副词 how,when,where等。（注：if,which 不能引导同位语从句。）
He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。
The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city． 他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。
同位语从句-引导词
同位语从句的引导词，引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等。
1.连词that引导同位语从句
（注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略）
The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。（作idea的同位语）
【注意1】在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气
There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.有一项建议是布朗应该离队。
【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。
He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane.他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。
2.连词whether引导同位语从句（注：if不能引导同位语从句）
The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor.我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。
【注意】whether 可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。
其它引导词引导的同位语从句
连接代词what, who, whom, whose, which引导同位语从句
1).I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿几号的鞋。（what作定语）
2).I have no idea which wine is best—it’s a matter of personal taste.我不知道哪种酒最好，这是个人口味的问题。（which作定语）
3).The question who will take his place is still not clear.（who作主语）
4.连接副词引导同位语从句
连接副词when, where, how, why
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
同位语从句-相关语法
一、同位语从句在句中的位置
1.一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词(如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message等)的后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。
I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。
2.有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。
The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home.她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。
二、同位语从句前名词的数
同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪儿听说我不能来？
三、同位语从句的语气
在suggestion，advice，request，order等意为“建议；命令；要求”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should +动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中的should可以省略。
Our teacher gave us some advice how we(should)use the computer.老师给我们提出了一些如何使用电脑的建议。
四、同位语从句的先行词
同位语从句的先行词通常是抽象名词，常见的有：idea, situation thought, fact, evidence, belief, doubt, fear, hope, question, theory, news, order, ability等等。
How did the cheats explain the fact that the Emperor didn't feel the new clothes in him? 皇帝觉得身上并没有穿上新衣，对这个问题骗子是怎样解释的?
代词it可用作同位语从句的先行词。这个it常放在某些动词或短语动词后作宾语，同时兼作其后that同位语从句的先行词。
I owe it to you that I am still alive.幸亏你，我现在还活着。
有的语法学家把先行词it后的that从句看作是动词或介词的真正宾语。一般认为，这种it后的that 从句应看作it的同位语，因为它相当于“主语+be+表语”结构。
You must se to it that the children don't catch cold.(=You must see to it, and It is that the children don't catch cold.)你要当心，别让孩子们着凉了。
同位语从句-语法区别 与定语从句的的语法区别：
1．意义的不同
同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号；而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来：
We are glad at the news that he will come.听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。(news的内容就是that he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句)
We are glad at the news that he told us.听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。(that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news，故that从句为定语从句)
2.引导词的不同
what, how, if, whatever 等可引导名词性从句，但不引导定语从句。
3.引导词的功能上的不同
that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。如上例 that he told us中的that就充当told的宾语。
4.被修饰词语的区别
同位语从句所修饰的名词比较有限，通常有hope, wish, idea, news, fact, promise, opinion, suggestion, truth等，而定语从句所修饰的名词则非常广泛。另外，when和where 引导定语从句时，通常只修饰表示时间和地点的名词，而它们引导同位语从句时却不一定；又如why引导定语从句，它通常只修饰名词the reason，而它引导同位语从句时则不一定：
I have no idea when they will come.我不知道他们什么时候来。(同位语从句)
I’ll never forget the days when I lived there..我永远不会忘记我住在那儿的日子。(定语从句）
同位语从句-特殊形式
1.间隔同位语从句
同位语从句通常是跟在它解释或说明的名词后，但有些情况下，由于句子结构的原因，同位语从句不紧跟在名词后，而被其他的词隔开。
A warm thought suddenly came to me that I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother's birthday
简析：由于that从句太长，为避免句子失去平衡，此处用了间隔同位语从句
2.suggestion,request和order等名词后的同位语从句用虚拟语气。
She made a request that the doctor(should)be sent for at once.她请求立即请医生来。
简析：suggestion，order，request，proposal，requirement，command，advice，proposition和recommendation等名词后接同位语从句时，从句中的谓语动词要用“(should+)动词原形”的形式，其中should一词可省略。
3.短语及固定句式后的同位语从句
I will come on condition that John is invited.如果约翰也被邀请的话，我就来。
简析：短语On condition, on supposition, on the ground(s), on the understanding, with the exception, in spite of the fact, on the assumption及句式There BE+no doubt(hope,chance,possibility,…)后的that从句为同位语从句。
同位语从句-雅思例句 I have a dream that one day, all roads will be made plain.We hold this truth to be self-evident that all men are created equal.3 Some people hold the opinion that the Internet is a curse.Museums play a role of education for the simple reason that they provide people with a good opportunityto have a deeper understanding of their own country's tradition and cultures.
第五篇：宾语从句感叹句练习
Yes.There are ______ many people who like to watch it.A.What;such B.How;so C.What an;so D.How;such 16．---______ hard work you have done!
---It’s very kind of you to say so.A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 17．______terrible the weather is these days!A.What B.What a C.How 18．_________ wonderful time we have had!A.How B.How a C.What D.What a 19．The 2018 World Cup __________ in Russia.How ________________ is!A.will be held;exciting a news B.will taken place;an exciting news C.will be taken place;exciting the news D.will hold;an exciting news 21．---________ good time we had at the party last night!---Yes． It was ________ exciting party that I would never forget it． A．What;so B．How;such C．What a;such an D．How a;so an 22．______ nice time the boys had playing football with the national team last Sunday!
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 23．______ exciting sport it is to climb the mountains!A.How B.What C.What a D.What an 24．Don’t wait for people to be friendly, show them ______ a friendly person you are.A.what B.how C.when D.where 25．_________ fantastic time they had playing hide-and-seek in the park!A.How B.What C.How a D.What a 26．________ useful invention(发明)the computer is!A.What a B.What an C.How a D.How an 27．—_____ good news he brought us yesterday!—Yes, all the students were very excited．
A．What a B．What C．How D．How a 29．---He got a full mark in the last exam.---Oh, ______ he is!A.how a clever B.what a clever guy C.what clever D.what clever guy 30．________ great progress Little Jack has made!He made ______ few careless mistakes in the final.A.How;so B.What an;so C.What;so D.What;such 31．______ beautiful music!A.What an B.How C.What D.What a 32．—__________ hard work you have done!— It’s very kind of you to say so.A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 33． ________ great fun it is!And ________ good time they are having!A.What, what a B.What a, how C.How a, how D.How, how a 34．________delicious food it is!A.How
B.How a
C.What a
D.What 35．——Simon has got 95 points in the math test!——Wow!______________ he has made!A.How great the progress B.What a great progress C.How great progress D.What great progress 36．______ good time they have!A.How B.How a C.What D.What a 37．_____exciting the news is!A.What an B.What C.How D.How an 39． __________from Beijing to London!A.How long way it is B.What a long way it is
C.How long way is it D.What a long way is it 40．_____ good information!I have never heard _____ wonderful news.A.What a, such a B.How, so C.What, such D.How, so a 42．—Have you heard of the songs sung by the first lady---Peng Liyuan? —Of course!___________ beautiful voice she has!—I agree.A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 43．___________nice the ice cream looks!I can't wait to taste it.A.How a B.How C.What a D.What 44．—Line 3 of the Nanjing Metro will be in use in 2014.—Wow, ________!A.how excited the news is B.what an excited news C.how exciting news D.what exciting news 45．—It is said that the scientists have found new ways to deal with AIDS.— ________ wonderful news it is!A.How B.What an C.How a D.What 46．— ________ fine weather it is today!— Let’s go for a picnic.A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 47．________ the small town is!A.What beautiful B.What a beautiful C.How beautifully D.How beautiful 48．_____ good time we are having!A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 50．―It’s a piece of good news.‖ ―Yes.________ good news it is!‖ A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
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