宾语从句和表语从句详解与练习

第一篇：宾语从句和表语从句详解与练习

宾语从句和表语从句详解

名词性从句指的是在整个句子中起名词作用的从句。这种从句可以做主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，所以这类从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。各种名词性从句的结构都是相同的，即由if，whether，that和各种疑问词充当连接词，后接陈述语序。

例如：What they are doing seems very important．（主语从句）

他们在做的事似乎很重要。

My hope is that he will be the best student in the class．（表语从句）

我的愿望是他能够成为班上最好的学生。

Nobody knows who he is．（宾语从句）

大家都不知道他是谁。

I don't like the idea that money is everything．（同位语从句）

我不喜欢金钱就是一切这一观点。

引导名词性从句的连接词中，除了that，if和whether之外其它的都作从句中的一个成分。

【宾语从句】

在句子中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。引导宾语从句的词有连词that，whether，if；连接代词who，which，what以及其强调形式 whoever，whichever，whatever； 连接副词 when，where，why，how等。

例如：Do you know where the Greens live?

I have no interest in how rich he is．

宾语从句主要用于下面五种结构：

1．由that引导的宾语从句（that 引导宾语从句时，特别是在口语中可省略）

The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets．

that引导的宾语从句多用于say，think，insist，wish，hope，demand，imagine，wonder，know，suppose，see，believe，agree，admit，deny，expect，explain，order，command，feel，dream，suggest，hear，mean，notice，prefer，request，require，propose，declare，report等后。

当主句谓语动词是 think，believe，suppose，expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。例如：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that．（＝ I think it is not right for him …．）

that不能省略的情况：

（1）当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。如：

He said（that）you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not

to tell you．

（2）当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。如：

Just then I noticed，for the first time，that our master was wearing his fine green

coat and his black silk cap．

（3）当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。如：

I can’t tell him that his mother died． 2．由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句

这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是：see，say，tell，ask，answer，know，decide，show，find out，imagine，suggest，doubt，wonder，discover，understand，inform，advise等。

I can’t decide which book I should buy． 3．由whether（if）引导的宾语从句

I wonder whether（if）they will come to our party．

由whether（if）引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是“是否”。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。一般说来，在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用。

4．宾语从句后带有宾补时，需用it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句放在句后，这时that不省略。

例如：He thought it wrong that they left the child alone at home．

【表语从句】

在句子中作表语的从句叫做表语从句。引导表语从句的词有连词that，whether；连接代词who，what，which；连接副词when，where，how，why以及其它连词as if，as though，because等。

例如：The question is whether it is worth reading．

They are just what I want．

That’s why they were late．

1．含有表语从句的复合句中的主语通常是fact，truth，explanation，problem，opinion，view等。

如：The fact is that fish can't go without water．

事实是鱼离开水不能存活。

2． as if（as though）也可以用于表语从句。但多是以下面形式出现。

主语＋look（seem）as if＋从句

如：It looked as if it was going to snow．

It seems as if there will be a quarrel soon．

注意：不用 if 引导表语从句。reason做主语时，表语从句应由that引导，不用because。that 引导表语从句时，通常不能省略。

专项练习

1． — I flew to New York for the talk show on TV last week．

— Is that ______you had a few days off?

A． why

B． when

C． what

D． where 2． I ask her _____ come with me．

A． if she will

B． if will she

C． whether will she

D． will she 3． It was a matter of _______ would take the position．

A． who

B． whoever

C． whom

D． whomever 4． Can you tell me ________?

A． who is that gentleman is

B． that gentleman is who

C． who that gentleman is

D． whom is that gentleman 5． Can you tell me ________ the railway station?

A． how I can get to

B． what can I get to

C． where I can got to

D． where can I get to 6． It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants．

A． however

B． whatever

C． whichever

D． whenever 7． Do you know ________ ?

A． what is his name

B． how is his name

C． what his name is

D． how his name is 8． Go and get your coat． It's________ you left it．

A． there

B． where

C． there where

D． where there 9． I wonder how much ________．

A． does the watch cost

B． did the watch cost

C． the watch costed

D． the watch costs 10． It was _____ he said _____ disappointed me．

A． what；that

B． that；that

C． what；what

D． that；what 11． “Is Mary from New York City?” “I don't know _______．”

A． from what city does she come from

B． from what city she come

C． what city does she come from

D． what city she comes from 12． Henry killed the dog． I'll ask him why ________．

A． did he do that

B． he did that

C． he did

D． he has done so 13． Have you seen Henry lately? My boss wants to know ________．

A． how he is getting along

B． how is he getting along

C． what he is getting along

D． what is he getting along 14． I am sure ________ he said is true．

A． that

B． about that

C． of that

D． that what 15． You can’t imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas presents．

A． how they were excited

B． how excited they were

C． how excited were they

D． they were how excited 16． Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless．

A． for

B． because

C． since

D． that 17． We gave him ________ help we could．

A． which

B． what

C． that

D． this 18． Excuse me would you please tell me ________?

A． when the sports meet is taken place

B． when is the sports meet going to be held

C． when is the sports meet to begin

D． when the sports meet is to take place 19． This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts．

A． how you have observed

B． how what you have observed

C． that you have observed

D． how that you have observed 20． Where do you think ________?

A． has he gone

B． has he been

C． he's gone

D． was he

参考答案：

1． A 由句子结构得知，空白处应选能在表语从句中作状语的连接副词，A． B． D．三个答案均能

满足这一要求，但根据句意应选A，why为连接副词，在表语从句中作原因状语。

2． A 宾语从句作ask的直接宾语，应用陈述句语序。

3． A 空白处在宾语从句中做主语，因而可首先排除C、D两项。whoever ＝ anyone who与题意不符，故答案为A。

4． C 宾语从句应用陈述句语序。“你能告诉我那位绅士是谁吗?”

5． A 问路应该说How can I get to…，宾语从句应用陈述句语序，故选A。

6． B 空白处为want 的宾语，应选用连接代词，而whichever常用作定语，whatever ＝ anything that，故答案为B。

7． C

8． B

9． D

10． A what he said在复合句中做主语，that是强调句用法。

11． D

12． B

13． A

14． D 在作表语的形容词后的宾语从句中的that不可省略。

15． B 这是一个由how引导的宾语从句，在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序，故答案为B。

16． D 表语从句中的that不可省略。

17． B

18． D

19． B

20． C

第二篇：表语从句练习

1.The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.A.that B.if C.when D.whether

2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.A.because B.that C.for D.because of 3.Go and get your coat.It’ s ________you left it

A.where B.there C.there where D.where there 4．The problem is _________to take the place of Ted

A.who can we get B.what we can get

C.who we can get D.that we can get 5.What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.A.that B.if C.whether D.不填 6.The reason is_________I missed the bus.A.that B.when C.why D.what 7.That is __ ___ we were late last time.A.that B.when C.why D.what

8.She looked _________ she were ten years younger.A.that B.like C.as D.as though 9.—I felt sick!

--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.A.why B.when C.what D.because 10.The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.A.because his mother is ill B.because of his mother’s being ill C.that his mother is ill D.for his mother is ill 11.—He was born here.--That is _______ he likes the place so much.A.that B.what C.why D.how 12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.A.what B.where C.that D.why

13．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.A.What;how are you B.That；how you are C.How；that you are D.What；how you are 14.The trouble is__________we are short of tools.A.what B.that C.how D.why that

15.America was __________was first called ―India‖ by Columbus.A.what B.where C.the place D.there where

16.China is becoming stronger and stronger.It is no longer_________.A.what it used to be B.what it was used to being C.what it used to being D.what it was used to be

17.________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A.What … that B.That … what

C.What … what D.That … what 18.The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.A.that B.which C.what D.such

19.—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that_____ you had a few days off？（NMET1999）A.why B.what C.when D.where.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through.（1998 上海）A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why D.It’s how

21.See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.（06 全国）A.when B.which C.where D.what

22.---Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?(2003北京春)

---Oh, that’s _____.A.what makes me feel excited B.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited

23.What surprised me was not what he said but ______ he said it.（2004湖北）A.the way B.in the way that C.in the way D.the way which 24.-I drive to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that __you had a few days off?(NMET1999)A.why B.when C.what D where 25.The question is ____it is worth visiting.A.if B.as if C.whether D.how 26.This is _____it happened.A.what B.when C.that D.how 27.This is ____ the city lies.A.which B.what C.where D.when 28.He was ill.That is ____he didn’t come yesterday.A.when B.why C.how D.that 29.That was ___ I was thirteen I entered the No.1 Middle School.A.because B.why C.how D when 30.The problem is ____we can master modern science and technology in a short time.A.if B.that C.what D.how 31.–Doesn’t Mr.Smith live on this street?

-No.This is ____Mr.Brown lives.A.which B.where C.how D.that 32.The reason why he has been such a success is ____he never gives up.A.what B.where C.how D.that 33.–what is that building?

-___the garden equipment is stored A.that’s where B.There is in which C.the building is D.That’s the building which 34.Our village is no longer ____over twenty years ago.A.what was it

B.what it was

C.the village what was

D.what was the village 35.___you are the first one here.A.it seems that as if B.it seems as if that c.it seems as if D.It seems that as though 36.My hope is ___he will become a doctor in the future.A.if B.whether C.that D.what 37.it was ___they were used as an advertisement for the shop.A.because B.which C.what D.if

答案：1-5DBACC

6-10ACDDC

11-15CBDBA

16-20AACAB

21-25DAAAC

26-30DCBAD

31-35BBABC

36-37CA 2

第三篇：表语从句练习与解析

表语从句练习题

第一组：

1.---I drive to Zhuhai for the air show last week.---Is that __you had a few days off?(NMET1999)

A.why

B.when

C.what

D where

分析：选A Why引导的表语从句中，why做原因状语。

2.The question is ____it is worth visiting.A.if

B.as if

C.whether

D.how

分析：选C whether引导表语从句

3.This is _____it happened.A.what

B.when

C.that

D.how

分析：选D how引导表语从句，说明事情的发生经过。

4.This is ____ the city lies.A.which

B.what

C.where

D.when

分析：选C where引导表语从句，表示城市所处的位置。

5.He was ill.That is ____he didn’t come yesterday.A.when

B.why

C.how

D.that

分析：B because引导表语从句，表示原因。

6.That was ___ I was thirteen I entered the No.1 Middle School.A.because

B.why

C.how

D when

分析：选A because引导表语从句，表原因。

第二组：

1.The problem is ____we can master modern science and technology in a short time.A.if

B.that

C.what

D.how

2.–--Doesn’t Mr.Smith live on this street?

---No.This is ____Mr.Brown lives.A.which

B.where

C.how

D.that

3.The reason why he has been such a success is ____he never gives up.A.what B.where C.how D.that

4.----What is that building?

---___the garden equipment is stored

A.that’s where

B.There is in which

C.the building is

D.That’s the building which

5.Our village is no longer ____over twenty years ago.A.what was it B.what it was

C.the village what was D.what was the village

6.___you are the first one here.A.it seems that as if

B.it seems as if that

C.it seems as if

D.It seems that as though

7.My hope is ___he will become a doctor in the future.A.if

B.whether

C.that

D.what

8.It was ___they were used as an advertisement for the shop.A.because

B.which

C.what

D.if

1-5 DBBAB 6-8 CCA 第三组：

［考题1］ The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.(2007上海)

A.when

B.why

C.whether

D.that

［答案］ D

［解析］ 下划线处之后是包含一个原因状语从句的表语从句，如果看不出它是充当整个句子结构的表语从句将难以把握整个句子的意思。因此，应选择可引导名词性从句且不充当任何成分的that。

［考题2］ You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree.(2004)

A.why

B.where

C.what

D.how

［答案］ B

［解析］下划线处的引导词引导系动词is后的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当地点状语(“disagree”属于不及物动词，“I disagree”本身是完整的主谓结构)，下划线应填入引导词where，表语从句“where I disagree”的意思是“我不同意之处、我不同意的地方”。

［考题3］ — I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.— Is that ____ you had a few days off?(1999)

A.why

B.when

C.what

D.where

［答案］ A

［解析］下划线处的引导词引导与系动词is连用的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当原因状语，下划线应填入表示“因此„„”(指因某种原因所造成的结果)的引导词why。

［考题4］ ____ she couldn’t understand was ____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.(2000上海)

A.What;why

B.That;what

C.What;because

D.Why;that

［答案］ A

［解析］ 第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当宾语，特指她所不理解的事情，应填入关系代词型的引导词what；第二个下划线处表示“因此„„”(指因某种原因所造成的后果，由why引导对应的名词性从句)而不是“为什么„„”(指原因、理由，由because引导对应的名词性从句)，应填入引导词why。

［考题5］ ____ made the school proud was ____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.(2003上海春)

A.What;because

B.What;that

C.That;what

D.That;because

［答案］ B

［解析］ 第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当主语，特指令校方骄傲的事情，应选用关系代词型的引导词what； 第二个下划线处引导表语从句表示原因、理由，应由that引导对应的名词性从句。

［考题6］ — Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?

— Oh, that’s ____.(2003北京春)

A.what makes me feel excited

B.whatever I feel excited about

C.how I feel about it

D.when I feel excited

［答案］ A

［解析］ A选项的意思是“令我感觉激动的事物”； B选项的意思是“我觉得激动的任何事物”； C选项的意思是“我对它感觉的方式”； D选项的意思是“令我感觉激动的时间”。四个选项中A最适合跟代表“game”的主语that对应，充当表语从句。

第四篇：表语从句讲解及练习

The Predicative Clause表语从句

在复合句中作表语的从句称作表语从句，位于连系动词（be，seem，remain等）之后。1.that 引导的表语从句

连接词that 仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。

The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking.2.whether 引导的表语从句

连接词whether起连接作用，意为“是否、究竟、到底”，（注意：if不能引导表语从句)在句中也不作任何成分。

The question is whether what man will turn up in time.3.what, which, who, whom, whose引导的表语从句

连接代词what, which, who, whom, whose除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中从当主语、表语、定语。

Tom is no longer what he used to be.The question is which of us should come first.The problem is who is really fit for the hard job.The important thing is whose name should be put on the top of the list.4.where, when, why, how引导的表语从句

连接副词where, when, why, how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。

That’s where I can’t agree with you.This is why Sara was late for the meeting.This is how they overcome the difficulties.My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.5.其他连词as if, because, as, as though 引导的表语从句

because引导表语从句通常只用于This/That/It is because„结构中。My anger is because you haven’t written to me for a long time.as if/though引导的表语从句，常置于连系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。

It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door.巩固练习1.The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.A.that B.if C.when D.whether 2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.A.because B.that C.for D.because of 3.Go and get your coat.It’ s ________you left it A.where B.there C.there where D.where there 4．The problem is _________to take the place of Ted A.who can we get B.what we can get C.who we can get D.that we can get 5.What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.A.that B.if C.whether D.不填 6.The reason is_________I missed the bus.A.that B.when C.why D.what 7.That is __ ___ we were late last time.A.that B.when C.why D.what 8.She looked _________ she were ten years younger.A.that B.like C.as D.as though 9.—I fell sick!--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.A.why B.when C.what D.because 10.The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.A.because his mother is ill B.because of his mother’s being ill C.that his mother is ill D.for his mother is ill 11.—He was born here.--That is _______ he likes the place so much.A.that B.what C.why D.how 12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.A.what B.where C.that D.why

that/what的区别

1．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.A.What;how are you B.That；how you are C.How；that you are D.What；how you are 2.The trouble is__________we are short of tools.A.what B.that C.how D.why that 3.America was __________was first called “India” by Columbus.A.what B.where C.the place D.there where 4.China is becoming stronger and stronger.It is no longer_________.A.what it used to be B.what it was used to being C.what it used to being D.what it was used to be 5.________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A.What „ that B.That „ what C.What „ what D.That „ what 6.The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.A.that B.which C.what D.such 高考练习—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that_____ you had a few days off？（NMET1999）A.why B.what C.when D.where 2.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through.（1998 上海）A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why D.It’s how 3.See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.（06 全国）

A.when B.which C.where D.what 4.---Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?(2003北京春)---Oh, that’s _____.A.what makes me feel excited B.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited 5.What surprised me was not what he said but ______ he said it.（2004湖北）A.the way B.in the way that C.in the way D.the way which 第一组： 1.-I drive to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that __you had a few days off?(NMET1999)A.why B.when C.what D where 2.The question is ____it is worth visiting.A.if B.as if C.whether D.how 3.This is _____it happened.A.what B.when C.that D.how 4.This is ____ the city lies.A.which B.what C.where D.when 5.He was ill.That is ____he didn’t come yesterday.A.when B.why C.how D.that 6.That was ___ I was thirteen I entered the No.1 Middle School.A.because B.why C.how D when 7.The problem is ____we can master modern science and technology in a short time.A.if B.that C.what D.how 8.–Doesn’t Mr.Smith live on this street?-No.This is ____Mr.Brown lives.A.which B.where C.how D.that 9.The reason why he has been such a success is ____he never gives up.A.what B.where C.how D.that 10.–what is that building?-___the garden equipment is stored A.that’s where B.There is in which C.the building is D.That’s the building which 11.Our village is no longer ____over twenty years ago.A.what was it B.what it was C.the village what was D.what was the village 12.___you are the first one here.A.it seems that as if B.it seems as if that C it seems as if D.It seems that as though 13.My hope is ___he will become a doctor in the future.A.if B.whether C.that D.what 14.It was ___they were used as an advertisement for the shop.A.because B.which C.what D.if 表语从句1-5 DBACC 6-10 ACDDC 11-12 CB that/what 区别 1—6 DBAAAC 高考练习ABDAA 第一组 1-5 ACDCB 6-10 DDBDA 11-14 BCCA

第五篇：表语从句练习

表语从句

1.The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.A.that B.if C.when D.whether 2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.A.because B.that C.for D.because of 3.Go and get your coat.It’ s ________you left it

A.where B.there C.there where D.where there 4．The problem is _________to take the place of Ted A.who can we get B.what we can get C.who we can get D.that we can get

5.What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.A.that B.if C.whether D.不填 6.The reason is_________I missed the bus.A.that B.when C.why D.what 7.That is __ ___ we were late last time.A.that B.when C.why D.what 8.She looked _________ she were ten years younger.A.that B.like C.as D.as though 9.—I fell sick!

--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.A.why B.when C.what D.because 10.The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.A.because his mother is ill B.because of his mother’s being ill C.that his mother is ill D.for his mother is ill 11.—He was born here.--That is _______ he likes the place so much.A.that B.what C.why D.how 12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.A.what B.where C.that D.why

that/what的区别

1．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.A.What;how are you B.That；how you are

C.How；that you are D.What；how you are 2.The trouble is__________we are short of tools.A.what B.that C.how D.why that 3.America was __________was first called “India” by Columbus.A.what B.where C.the place D.there where

4.China is becoming stronger and stronger.It is no longer_________.A.what it used to be B.what it was used to being C.what it used to being D.what it was used to be 5.________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A.What … that B.That … what C.What … what D.That … what

6.The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.A.that B.which C.what D.such

高考练习—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that_____ you had a few days off？（NMET1999）A.why B.what C.when D.where.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through.（1998 上海）A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why D.It’s how

3.See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.（06 全国）A.when B.which C.where D.what

4.---Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?(2003北京春)

---Oh, that’s _____.A.what makes me feel excited B.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited

5.What surprised me was not what he said but ______ he said it.（2004湖北）A.the way B.in the way that C.in the way D.the way which

答案 DBACCACDDCCB that/what的区别 DBAAAC 高考练习ABDAA