英语知识积累 第22期（精选多篇）

第一篇：英语知识积累 第22期

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日常英语知识积累：

It’sa few minutes after two.两点过几分。

My watch is fast and your watch is slow.我的表快，而你的表慢。

Excuse me.Can you tell me the correct time? 对不起，你能告诉我一下准确的时间吗？ No,I can’t.不，我不能。

I don’t know what time it is.我不知道现在几点钟。I don’t think it’s four o’clock yet.我认为现在还不到四点。It must be about three thirty.现在想必是三点三十分左右。

1、You bet.为什么当老美说，“You bet.” 的时候，就代表你说的一点也没错的意思呢？因为 bet 是下赌注的意思，所以 “You bet.” 就是指，“You can bet money on that.”(你可以把钱下注在上面)，言下之意，就是说这件事百分之百正确。例如别人问你，“Is this is the way to High Tower Museum?”(这是往 High Tower 博物馆的路吗？)你就可以回答说，“You bet.”(一点也没错)有时候为了加强语气，连小屁屁(ass)都可以拿来当赌注喔！用来表示这件事是百分之两百地正确。例如电视影集 “Friends” 里面，Monica 有一次就说了一句让我至今都印象深刻的话，“You bet your ass I'm going to fire you.”(你完完全全正确，我非把你开除不可。)当然如果不是在跟人家吵架时我们最好还是不要拿小屁屁来当赌注吧！

2.There you go.就这样了。“There you go.” 是老美希望结束一段对话时，很自然会脱口而出的一句话，特别是在完成某项交易的时候。像是你去买一样东西，当你付完钱之后店员会说，“There you go.” 或 “That's it.” 就表示交易已经完成，你可以滚了。另外像是电台的点歌节目 DJ 在播放音乐之前都会说，“There you go.” 表示你要的音乐我找到了，现在要开始播放你所点的歌曲了。有时候你提醒别人讲话别讲太久也是用 “There you go.” 例如有一次班上同学交报告给教授，结果教授还跟他讲东讲西的，那老美也不客气，就说，“Well, I just came by to give you my report, so, there you go!” 这时教授就知道他不想再讲下去了，如果再讲下去自己就太不识相了。

“There you go.” 也常常用来鼓励别人有好的表现，例如你的小宝宝开始会说话了，(先假设他听得懂英文好了)你就可以说，“There you go.” 来鼓励他，或是常在球场上听到教练对表现不错的球员大叫，“There you go.”

3.Here you go.干的好。

“Here you go.” 和 “There you go.” 听起来只有一字之差，所以很多人都会乱用，这二者倒底有什么区别呢？仔细来分，“Here you go.” 指的是一件事情还在进行之中，而 “There you go.” 则是事情已经结束，例如店员正把你买的东西交付给你，他会说，“Here you go.” 而不是 “There you go.” 反之，如果东西己经到了你手上，则他会说的是，“There you go.”

此外，“Here you go.” 和 “There you go.” 一样，也有鼓励别人的意思在里面，像我本身蛮喜欢跟老美打棒球的，每次有人大棒一挥，老美就会兴奋地大叫 “Here you go.” 问题是他们为什么不说，“There you go.” 呢? 因为球在飞行当中算是一个过程，你还不知道结果，所以要用，“Here you go.” 会比较正确，而事实上老美也正是这样子用的喔!

4.Oh!My God!喔！我的老天！老美在惊讶时很喜欢说，“Oh!My godness!” 或是 “Oh!My God!”，相信这二句话各位都不陌生，不过这都是跟宗教信仰有点关系的，如果你是无神论者，你可以学另一句，“Oh!My!” 或是加强的用法，“Oh!My!My!”，都是非常惊讶的意思。记得有一次参加一个老美的聚会，有一对男女朋友在斗嘴，那个男生说了一句话，“You should go back to kitchen where you belong”(你应该回到属地址：深圳市南山区科技园科苑路高新南七道惠恒大厦二期908 www.xiexiebang.com

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于的厨房里去)结果那女生二话不说，甩头摔了门就走，留下一脸错愕的男朋友，他说了，“Oh!My!Did she slam the door?”(我的老天，她有摔门吗？)

Oh!Boy!天啊！这句话是不是对男生说的呢？其实不是，你不论跟男生或女生都可以说，“Oh!Boy!” 甚至你自己自言自语的时候也可以说，“Oh!Boy!” 例如你一出门，却发现钥匙忘在里面，这时候你最想说的话就是，“Oh!Boy!”(天啊！)我在想一定会有人问我，那有没有，“Oh!Girl!” 答案是没有的，老美只会说，“Oh!Boy!” 或是 “Oh!Man!” 大家可不要自己发明一些新词啊。如果是女生的话，还有一个小小的特权，可以说，“Oh!Dear!”

商务英语口语积累：

The computer we produced is characterized by its high quality, compact-sized, energy-saving and it’s also easy-to-learn and easy-to-operate.我们生产的电脑以高品质，结构紧凑，节能，学习操作简易而著称。

This kind of bicycle can be folded in half and handy to carry around,especially useful during traveling and traffic jams.这款自行车可以折叠成一半那么大，便于手提，特别适用与旅行或交通拥挤时。

These machines have few breakdowns and easy to maintain because of their simple mechanical structure.此机构设备结构简单，因此故障少，便于维护。

As our typewriters are made of light and hard alloy they are both portable and endurable.我们的打印机由轻质的硬质合金制成，携带方便，经久耐用。

The price we quoted is on FOB Shanghai bases instead of CIF Hongkong bases and our offer will be valid until August 31.我方的报价以FOB上海，而不是CIF香港。我方报盘的有效期至8月31日。I’d to remind you that we have to withdraw our offer is we don’t hear you by next Monday.我方要提醒你方，若我们不能在下个星期一前收到答复，该报盘将会被撤销。

We give you price of 1440$ FOB Chicago.我方给你方的价格是1440美元，FOB芝加哥。

We can offer a quality discount of up to 15% but we are prepared to give 20% discount for an offer to buy the complete stuff.我方可提供15%的质量折扣，但我们准备给20%的折扣，如若你方将全部买下。

There is big difference between your price and those of your competitors.你方报价和竞争者的报价相差很大。

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We hoped you will quote your rock-bottom price, otherwise we have no alternative but to place our orders elsewhere.我方希望贵方可以报出最低价，否则我们只好到其他地方下订单 Our prices fixed on a reasonable level.我们的价格处于合理的水平

Considering quantities has been sold at this level any further reduction is out of the question.考虑已经在这个价格上出售的数量，再降价已经勉为其难了

Considering quantities has been sold at this level any further reduction is out of the question.考虑已经在这个价格上出售的数量，再降价已经勉为其难了

The best we can do is to allow you 2% off our quotation.我们最多能做到的是我们报价降低2% No one can do business at such a unreasonably high prices, you have to cut them down by 10% I am afraid.这么不合理的高价没有人能够做生意，恐怕你要降价10%

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第二篇：【BTB英语】英语知识积累 第47期

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旅游英语知识积累：

【常用句型】

1.I want a package deal including airfare and hotel.我需要一个成套服务，包括机票和住宿。

2.I'd like to change this ticket to the first class.我想把这张票换成头等车。3.I'd like to reserve a sleeper to Chicago.我要预订去芝加哥的卧铺。4.I'd like to sit in the front of the plane.我要坐在飞机前部

5.I'd like two seats on today's Northwest Flight 7 to Detroit, please.我想订两张今天西北航空公司7班次到底特律的机票。

6.I'd like to buy an excursion pass instead.我要买一张优待票代替。7.I'd like a refund on this ticket.我要退这张票。

8.I'd like to have a seat by the window.我要一个靠窗的座位。9.We have only one a day for New York.到纽约的一天只有一班。

10.The flight number is AK708 on September 5th.班机号码是9月5日的AK708 11.There's a ten thirty flight in the morning.早上10点半有班机。

12.I'd like to reconfirm my flight from London to Tokyo.我要再确认一下我从伦敦到东京的班机。

13.My number is 2991.我的预订号码是2991。

14.Do you have any tickets available for that date? 你们有那天的票吗？

15.Would you please make my to Chicago for tomorrow? 请帮我预订明天去芝加哥的座位好吗？

16.What''s the fare to New York, Economy Class? 去纽约的经济舱机票多少钱？ 17.Where do I pick up the ticket? 我什么地方拿机票？

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商务英语知识积累：

Respectively adv.各自地,各个地,分别地

Serially 连续地 Consecutively 连续地

Sequentially 继续地,从而

Foreground n.前景；突出的地方,最显著的位置 Forefront n.最前部

at/in/to the forefront(of sth)位于最前列；成为领导力量

Lead vt.&vi.带路, 领路, 指引；领导;指挥；领先 vt.诱使；使过生活

n.领导;榜样；领先;占上风；主角,主要演员；线索 [led]n.铅 Advance vt&vi.(使)前进,(使)发展;促进；提高,提升

vt.提出；提前；预付, 贷(款项等)

n.前进,发展,改进,进步；增长,提高；借款,预付款,贷款

adj.预先的,在前的；预先做好的;预先供给的

Force n.力;力量;力气；武力;暴力；影响力;效力；一群人;部队;兵力

vt.强制,迫使,逼迫；施强力于;强行促成；强作,勉强做出；促成早熟,促成生长 Impelvt.推动、推进或敦促某人做某事

Urge vt.力劝;敦促；鼓励;极力主张；驱策,促使 n.强烈的愿望

Thrust vt.&vi.猛推,猛塞；刺,戳

Correspond vt相符合,相一致；相当,相类似；通信

Respond vt 回答;回报;响应 vi有反应;有效果;有影响

Benefit n.益处,好处；救济金,保险金 be of benefit to do sth Credit n.赞扬,荣誉,功劳；借款;贷款；存款，存款数额；赊购;赊购制 度；信任,相信；学分 vt.相信,信任，把…记入贷方,存入(账户)Merit n.功勋,功劳;价值;长处,优点 vt.值得;应获得

Profit n.利润,收益,赢利,益处,得益

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第三篇：积累的英语知识

新编英语教程(李观仪)A New English Course

Space Requirements How much living space does a person need? What happens when these space requirements are not adequately met? Sociologists and psychologists are conducting experiments on rats to try to determine the effects of overcrowding on humans.Recent studies have shown that the behavior of rats is greatly affected by space.If rats have adequate living space, they eat well, sleep well and reproduce well.But if their living conditions become too crowded, their behavior patterns and even their health conditions change perceptibly.They cannot sleep and eat well, and signs of fear and tension become obvious.The more crowded they are, the more they tend to bite each other and even kill each other.Thus, for rats, population and violence are directly related.Is this a natural law for human society as well? Is adequate space not only desirable but also essential for human survival? There is an inn where I lived one summer,writing my book and observing the tourists.Torcello which used to be lonely as a cloud has recently become an outing from Venice.Many more visitors than it can comfortably hold pour into it, off the regular steamers, off chartered motor-boats, and off yachts, all day they amble up the towpath, looking for what? The cathedral is decorated with eraly mosaics—scenes from hell, much restored, and a great sad, austere Madonna;Byzantine art is an acquired taste and probably not one in ten of the visitors has acquired it.They wander into the church and look around aimlessly.They come out on to the village green and photograph each other in a stone armchair, said to be the throne of Attila.They relentlessly tear at the wild roses which one has seen in bud and longed to see in bloom and which, for a day have scented the whole island.As soon as they are picked the roses fade and are thrown into the canal.The Americans visit the inn to eat or drink something.The English declare that they cannot afford to do this.They take food which they have brought with them into the vineyard and I am sorry to say leave the devil of a mess behind them.Every Thursday Germans come up the towpath, marching as to war, with a Leader.There is a standing order for fifty luncheons at the inn;while they eat the Leader lectures them through a megaphone.After luncheon they march into the cathedral and undergo another lecture.They, at least, know what they are seeing.Then they march back to their boat.They are tidy;they leave on litter.More interesting, however, than the behavior of the tourists is that of the islanders.As they are obliged, whether they like it or not, to live in public during the whole summer, they very naturally try to extract some financial benefit from this state of affairs.Babies toddle about offering four-leafed clovers and hoping for a tip.More cries of ―Buona fortuna‖.The priest organizes holy processions to coincide with the arrival of the steamer.And so the play goes on.The tourists are incredibly mean, they hardly leave anything on the island except empty cigarette boxes and flapping Daily Mails.The lace is expensive, but they might buy a few postcards or shell necklaces and give the children some pennies;they seem to have hearts of stone.As soon as the last boat has gone, down comes the curtain.The ―gondoliers‖ shed their white linen jackets and silly straw hats and go back to Burano, taking Eric , highly dissatisfied with his earnings and saying if this goes on he will die of hunger.The sweet old women let the smiles fade from their faces, put away their lace-making pillows, and turn to ordinary activities of village life such as drowning kittens.The father of the clover babies creeps about on his knees finding four-leafed clovers for the next day.The evening reproaches ring out, the moon comes up, the flapping Daily Mails blow into the lagoon.Torcello is itself again.You will be more successful in bringing others to your belief if you agree with them than if you show evidence for your point of view.People are ruled more by whim than by wisdom.A learned profession is sometimes defined as any job that employs scholarly achievement in the service of others.According to this definition, any position involving extensive academic training that is subsequently used in the service of society is to be considered a learned profession.When the consumer makes choices, he is actually deciding the kinds of products that businesses will offer for sale, an article that has little demand and yields small profit will be discontinued by business.The speaker argued that one trouble with price supports is that they are too high, they encourage production that is not needed.If farmers know they are going to get the support price(支持性价格，通过补贴等形式对农民保证农产品最低价格), they will produce all they can without regard for what the market will actually take.THE SUBWAY(Tom Wolfe)In a way, of course, the subway is the living symbol of all that adds up to lack of status in New York.There is a sense of madness and disorientation at almost every express stop.The ceilings are low, the vistas are long, there are no landmarks, the lightning is an eerie blend of fluorescent tubing, electric light bulbs and neon advertising.The whole place is a gross assault on the senses(感官).The noise of the trains stopping or rounding curves has a high-pitched harshness that is difficult to describe.People feel no qualms about pushing whenever it becomes crowded.Your tactile sense(触觉)takes a crucifying you never dreamed possible.The odors become unbearable when the weather is warm.Between platforms, record shops broadcast 45 r.p.m records with metallic tones and lunch counters serve the kind of hot dogs in which you bite through a tensile, rubbery surface and then hit a soft, oleaginous center like cottonseed meal, and the customers sit there with pastry and bread flakes caked around their mouths, belching to themselves so that their cheeks pop out flatulently now and then.Cake（使）结块，（使）凝结 a cake of soap一块肥皂 shoes caked with mud粘结了泥块的鞋

The underground spaces seem to attract every eccentric passion.A small and ancient man with a Bible, an American flag and a megaphone haunts（vt.常去，常到）the subways of Manhattan.He opens the Bible and quotes from it in a strong but old and monotonous voice.He uses the megaphone at express stops, where the noise is too great for his voice to be heard ordinarily, and calls for redemption.Also beggars.And among the beggars New York’s status competition is renewed, there in the much-despised subway.On the Seventh Avenue IRT line the competition is maniacal.Some evenings the beggars ricochet off one another between stops, calling one another—s and –-s and telling each other to go find their own-----car.A mere blind man with a cane and a cup is mediocre business.What is demanded is entertainment.Two boys, one of them with a bongo drum, get on and the big boy, with the drum, starts beating on it as soon as the train starts up, and the little boy goes into what passes for a native dance.Then, if there is room, he goes into a tumbling act.He runs from one end of the car, first in the direction the train is going, and does a complete somersault in the air, landing on his feet.Then he runs back the other way and does a somersault in the air, only this time against the motion of the train He does this several times both ways, doing some native dancing in between.This act takes so long that it can be done properly only over a long stretch, such as the run between 42nd Street and 72nd Street.After the act is over, the boys pass along the car with Dixie cups, asking for contributions.Since nylon[nailon] is unaffected by mold(霉菌), fungus(真菌), and moisture(潮湿), it was useful during World War Ⅱ in making equipment for jungle fighting.In attaining one’s objectives, subtle direction is often more effective than brute force.Men will yield to persuasion when they would resist coertion.Each year textbooks become shorter and at the same time convey more solid(印刷，行间的)密排的 information.Their authors tend increasingly toward compactness(紧密,坚实,压缩,简洁).If the battle is hard, victory is all the more(更加，越发)glorious.It is the difficulty of obtaining something that gives the thing its value.He had a delicate(精致柔弱的；要求悉心处置的，难处理的；考虑周到，为他人着想的)dislike of offending other men’s opinions.He dealt with them tenderly.This is a somewhat delicate subject.这是个有点敏感的话题 American cities, with few exceptions, resemble each other greatly.It is true that some of them may be constructed chiefly of wood, while others are chiefly brick, but in every other respect they are markedly uniform.Why do fashions occur in the first place? One reason is that in some cultures, like ours, values change: what is new is good.Thus in many modern societies clothing styles change yearly, while people in traditional societies may wear the same style of clothing for many generations.Many industries promote quick changes in fashions to increase their sales.Fashions are stimulated, too, by the quest for prestige and social mobility(社会地位的流动).Although a new style occasionally originates from lower-status groups, as blue jeans did, most fashions trickle down from the top.Upper-class people adopt some style or artifact as a badge(标记,象征,徽章)of their status, but they cannot monopolize垄断，独占 most status symbols for long.The style or object adopted by the middle-class may be copied and modified for use by lower-status groups, providing people wit(vt,vi,知道n.智力，才智)the prestige of possessing a high-status symbol.By trickling down, however, the symbol eventually loses its prestige.The upper-class adopts a new style, until too ―trickled down‖ and must be replaced by another.Education was the key to upward social mobility.教育是提高社会地位的关键 Trickle down(尤指钱经国家经济体制)由富人向贫者滴流 If the wealthy pay less tax, the benefits should trickle down to people on lower incomes.如富人减少纳税，低收入者应该可以受惠。“滴入论，垂滴论”富者愈富应该能惠及贫者，如提供更多工作机会。Early aviation engineers found they could increase the speed of an airplane by streamlining its shape.Compared with large aircraft, small airplanes are not as streamlined and hence are less efficient.Even though relatively costly, the diesel engine is highly efficient and needs servicing infrequently.Many a person who lives in New York thinks that life in a large city offers special advantages.Not all rainwater falling from a cloud reaches the ground;some of it is lost through evaporation.Dogs possess hearing and smelling abilities superior to those of their owners.This very interesting novel has only one fault.I mention this fault without fear of offending the author, for obviously on writer is infallible[in’f※libl]一贯正确的 Although we are tolerant in allowing men of genius to have eccentricities of behavior, we don’t think of such behavior as necessary or advantageous.A true genius is himself ashamed of being too different and does not try to set himself apart from other people by whimsical peculiarities.Human curiosity has no stopping point.When it finds an answer to a question, it seeks an explanation for the answer.It accepts no primary principles that govern the universe;rather, it seeks something still prior in the order of nature.There are a few persons whose views of the future prospects of this project are gloomy.But they are certainly in the minority.The prevailing atmosphere is one of optimism, for many recent developments point to the workability of the project.It has always been dangerous to teach men new ideas contradictory to those generally accepted.The first men who taught that the earth is round were persecuted.The governing principle of our age is accumulation, and that which is profited is used to gain more profit.Even in the pursuit of knowledge this is so;for knowledge is sought for its own sake and employed for its own increase.The human vocal apparatus器械,装置,设备[解器官 is equipped to produce only a certain number of sounds.A comparison of any two languages will reveal sounds that are similar.A respect for accuracy is necessary to the building of character.A child must learn to discriminate 辨别区别歧视排斥between the possibly justifiable可证明为正当的,情有可原的,无可非议的 action and the absolutely correct action.Hence, it is more essential that a child be taught mathematics than philosophy, for the former provides training in exactness of performance.A good speaker varies his speed of delivery to match the significance of his oratory演讲.Slow speech is appropriate for the important ideas, but the less weighty material should be disposed of rather speedily.It is important that with variety of material there should be variety of tempo速度拍子节奏 The Origins of the Romance Languages The Romance languages of today came originally from Latin, which was the official language of the Roman Empire.As the Empire spread gradually across a great part of Europe, Latin was introduced everywhere as the official language of government and administration.Spoken Latin was consistent from one area to another in the early days of the Empire.But later, when the Empire began to fall apart, the Roman administrators began to disappear.Gradually, the Latin of each region began to develop in its own way.Separated from each other by great distances and naturally influenced by the speech of the local people, each area slowly developed its own distinctive characteristics to the point where separate languages were formed.The modern Romance languages include the national languages: Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese and Rumanian.Catalan, Provencal, Rhaeto-Romanic, Sardinia, and Moldavian are regional Romance languages, limited in use to smaller areas within individual countries.In every society there are norms that tell individuals how they are supposed to behave.The conflict between romantic dreams and harsh reality has been the theme of many great novels.In informal situations, we often overgeneralize from the facts.For example:‖She is never on time‖;―Advertising is only a pack of lies.‖ A little consideration shows us that in reality all-or-none, black-or-white situations are rare;reality is more accurately described in terms of finer shadings and degrees.A person can learn to operate a camera successfully without knowing much about the science of optics.By the same token, he can become a good marksman神枪手 without a knowledge of ballistics弹道学.Knowledge and pleasure are inextricably interlocked.It is impossible for us to learn what we don’t enjoy, and we cannot enjoy that which does not impart learning.One consequence of wind action is that large areas are frequently ―leveled off‖, for wind tends to move loose material from higher places and deposit it in depressions沮丧;抑郁;凹,地坑.Rainwater collects in shallow depressions in the ground.雨水积聚在地上的浅坑里

As we become fatigued, it is necessary to narrow our field of attention in order to avoid decreased efficiency at a particular task.On a long automobile trip, the good driver gradually ceases to carry on a conversation.Ice erosion has played less part than has water erosion in changing the contours of the earth’s surface because the activity of ice erosion, both temporally and spatially, has been more restricted.If we are to improve the quality of this writing, we must do more than merely criticized it.We must explain why we do so.Inferior work is most effectively remedied when we know why it is poor.That night a blizzard commenced开始, increasing in fury from moment to moment.They now found that the place chosen for the hut for shelter was more than useless.They had far better have built it in the open, for the fierce wind, instead of striking them directly, was deflected on to them in furious whirling gusts.Heavy blocks of snow and rock placed on the roof were blown away and the canvas ballooned up, tearing and straining at its securings---its disappearance could only be a matter of time.Inside the hut they waited for the roof to vanish, wondering what they could do if it went, and vainly endeavoring to make it secure.After fourteen hours it went, as they were trying to pin down one corner.The smother of snow was upon them, and they could only dive for their sleeping bags with a gasp;all were silent for a night and half a day while the wind howled on;the snow entered every chink and crevice of the sleeping bags, and the occupants shivered and wondered how it would all end.Then, when everything is lined up安排就绪, I bound out of bed跳下床 and have lunch.I find that a good, heavy lunch, with some sort of glutinous dessert, is good preparation for the day’s work as it keeps one from getting nervous and excitable.We workers must keep cool and calm, otherwise we would just throw away our time in jumping about and fidgeting.It has been said that science appeals to the intellect and art to the emotions.Is music then art or science? Perhaps it is all things to all people.Some people’s appreciation of music is purely intellectual.They listen for form and techniques of composition and execution.To them music is primarily science.A whirling body tends to fly away from the center.The heavier the body is, the greater is this tendency.This is the principle on which the cream separator works.Since the cream is heavier than skim milk脱脂奶, it is drawn off at the edges.When man’s physical needs are satisfied, his possible desires increase immeasurably.By the introduction of labor-saving devices and machinery, and thus the creation of leisure time, man is able to use his energy to want new articles and activities.Then, production can be expanded to fill wants that were previously nonexistent.Liberal education has achieved its goal if its recipients are able to distinguish between factual validity and attractive speciousness, between the frankly natural and the merely vulgar, between sentimentality and honest emotion.Any man who not only has been exposed to, but has assimilated吸收,同化 a truly liberal education, can be expected to possess an intelligent and discriminating有辨别能力的;区别对待的 mind.discriminating duties差别关税 If a work of art is to be deemed great by successive generations, it must embody those characteristics of form which all mankind recognizes as the most harmonious.deem:认为,相信 deem highly of对…给予高度评价 embody:体现;使具体化;包含,收录 The new edition embodies many improvements.One of the most distinctive marks of our way of life is our moral interpretation of success and failure.We insist upon seeing a direct relationship between what we do and what we get.Success, to us, is the desert of those who attain it rather than a matter of birthright生来就有的权力,长子继承权;failure is the penalty for falling below the ethical standard.We have equated success with virtue.desert :.功过,应得的赏罚;美德 obtain one’s deserts得到应有的赏罚 Are artists more creative than other people? Maybe, maybe not.The profession of an artist is not the only one that requires creativity.Scientists, mathematicians, writers, teachers, business executives, doctors, lawyers, librarians, computer programmers---people in every line of work, if they are any good, look for ways to be creative.The football coach who invents a new play is being creative, as is the plumber who devises设计,发明 an innovative way to prevent the washing machine from leaking.Artists occupy a special place in that 既然,因为they have devoted their lives to opening the channels of visual creativity.The Aims of Education Culture is activity of thought, and receptiveness to beauty and humane feeling.Scraps of information have nothing to do with it.A merely well-informed man is the most useless bore令人讨厌的人 on God’s earth.What we should aim at producing is men who possess both culture and expert knowledge in some special direction.Their expert knowledge will give them the ground to start from, and their culture will lead them as deep as philosophy and as high as art.We have to remember that the valuable intellectual development is self-development, and that it mostly takes place between the ages of sixteen and thirty.As to training, the most important part is given by mothers before the age of twelve.As saying due to Archbishop Temple illustrates my meaning.Surprise was expressed at the success in after-life of a man, who as a boy a Rugby had been somewhat undistinguished.He answered, ―It is not what they are at eighteen, it is what they become afterwards that matters.‖

In training a child to activity of thought, above all things we must beware of what I will call ―inert ideas‖—that is to say, ideas that are merely received into the mind without being utilized, or tested, or thrown into fresh combinations.In the history of education, the most striking phenomenon is that schools of learning, which at one epoch are alive with a ferment of genius, in a succeeding generation exhibit merely pedantry卖弄学问迂腐 and routine.Although the early legends are not statements of fact, they are of very great value to the world as being illustrative of the spirit, the manners and customs, the religious beliefs, and other characteristics of the race from which they originated.The value of folklore is not to be measured by its fidelity to literal facts.Roots of Freedom Some 2,500 years ago Greece discovered freedom.Before that there was no freedom.There were great civilizations, splendid empires, but no freedom anywhere.Egypt, Babylon, Nineveh, were all tyrannies, one immensely powerful man ruling over helpless masses, and a time came when the Athenians were led by a great man who did not want to be powerful.Absolute obedience to the ruler was what the leaders of the empires insisted on.Athens said no, there must never be absolute obedience to a man except in war.There must be willing obedience to what is good for all.Pericles, the great Athenian statesman, said :‖ We are a free government, but we obey the laws, more especially those which protect the oppressed, and the unwritten laws which, if broken bring shame.‖ Athenians willingly obeyed the written laws which they themselves passed, and the unwritten, which must be obeyed if free men live together.They must show each other kindness and pity and the many qualities without which life would be intolerable except to a hermit隐士 in the desert.The Athenians never thought that a man was free if he could do what he wanted.A man was free if he was self-controlled.To make yourself obey what you approved was freedom.They were saved from looking at their lives as their own private affair.Each one felt responsible for the welfare of Athens, not because it was imposed on him from the outside, but because the city was his pride and his safety.The creed of the first free government in the world was liberty for all men who could control themselves and would take responsibility for the state.This was the conception that underlay the lofty reach of Greek genius.

第四篇：家庭教育第22期观后感

家庭教育第22期观后感

认真看完一部作品以后，一定有很多值得分享的心得吧，是时候抽出时间写写观后感了。是不是无从下笔、没有头绪？以下是小编为大家收集的家庭教育第22期观后感，欢迎大家分享。

我们家有三个孩子，两个女儿的年龄相仿，一个高中，一个初中，儿子的年龄和她们相差六七岁，女儿上小学那时，可以说我作为父母，那算不上是真正的家庭教育，最多也就是检查一下作业，给他们讲讲不会的题目，但是在那个过程当中，我表现最多的就是指责和说教，也就是把自己原生态的家庭教育方式给使出来了，其实父母的一言一行，真的对孩子影响很深，还记得是儿子刚上一年级的时候对我讲的一句话，让我知道自己的教育方式出了问题，一次儿子放学回到家，我说快点把作业拿给我检查，你听到了吗，怎么还不去拿，说这些话的语气都是在命令式的，这时儿子向我说：“妈妈，你不能心平气和地跟我说吗。”我问他心平气和有用吗，他说你试都不试怎么知道没用，是的孩子需要一个好的感受，孩子能得到好的感受，才能做出好的行为，从那以后，我特别留意和孩子说话的语气。

大多数的孩子都喜欢得到夸奖，我儿子也是，小学一年级时，我发现检查他作业的时候，只要跟他检查出来错误，他就不高兴，还不能虚心的去问问题，就是在那里生气，闹情绪，我就跟他讲，什么时候你认为这个题目你自己想把它整明白，你再来谦虚地像我和我姐姐请教，如果有情绪真能解决问题，对你的学习有帮助，你也可以选择，你试着听从内心的想法，过一会，他会很不好意思的拿着作业来到我跟前说：“妈妈，你跟我讲讲。”这个时候我认为不要去指责他，让他自己学会判断，给他点时间。

在学习上给予孩子最多的应该是正确的引导，我给孩子说，课堂上的四十五分钟真的特别重要，老师讲的知识点一定要认真的去听，把今天学习的知识整理清楚，弄明白，有不明白的地方要及时去问，可以问老师和同学，不耻下问，你们学过这个道理，还要结合今天学习的重点，去做练习，多见题型，儿子喜欢做课后的练习，每天都能做一张课外的试题，尤其是快接近期末考试的时候，他一天下来就是四张试卷。

我特别喜欢儿子跟我聊天，不管他说什么，我现在都学着不去打断他，以前都是嘴上说我再听，其实心不在焉的，会让孩子觉得父母是在敷衍他，他会气馁就不愿意去说了，只有孩子肯说，才能练习他的语言表达能力。

我们每个家长都希望孩子健康茁壮的成长，成为一个正直、善良、有活力、有担当、有一颗感恩的心、一种积极的精神、一分不怕吃苦的毅力，但是父母光有爱是不够的，需要陪伴、需要管理自己的情绪、还要给予精神鼓励，父母的.改变不容易，让我们和孩子共同进步、共同成长、我觉得是不容易，但是真的很幸福。

孩子，是每一位父母心中的宝贝，我们都盼望着他们茁壮地成长，在教育孩子的过程中，除了老师之外，父母也扮演着重要的主角。家庭教育和学校教育同样至关重要。我家孩子今年上小学三年级了，在教育孩子成长的过程中，我最深的体会是：

一、温馨、和睦的家庭环境是孩子健康成长的源泉

家是孩子们主要的活动场所，家庭气氛的好坏直接影响着孩子的身心健康。父母绝不能经常在孩子面前拌舌头吵嘴，那样会使孩子产生恐惧、自卑甚至厌恶的心理。不仅仅会疏远孩子与父母之间的感情，在同伴之间还可能会出现偏激行为现象。给孩子一个安全、舒适、温暖的家，是教子的第一步，家人之间要相亲相爱，和睦相处。

二、逐步培养孩子的优良品德很重要

当孩子牙牙学语时候开始，我们都会为他的人生的第一步打好基础，在生活的点点滴滴中培养他一些优良品德。给他讲讲“孔融让梨”的故事，让他明白尊敬长辈的道理；告诉他帮忙别人是件很开心的事，让他明白就应助人为乐；现在他和小伙伴之间嬉戏时总会相互谦让，总会把好吃的，好玩的留给弟弟。

三、让孩子“自我来”，培养孩子的动手和自理潜力

有些家长望子成龙，学习上不断加大压力，生活上关怀备至，却将良好行为习惯置之脑后，听之任之。我认为孩子爱劳动良好习惯尤为重要。让孩子参加力所能及的劳动，不仅仅能够培养孩子的劳动习惯和勤劳的品德，而且能够培养孩子的独立性、职责感、自信心、意志力等良好素质和各种潜力。因此，在孩子很小时，我就开始让他干一些力所能及的家务活。现在每到周日他都会帮我收拾家务。虽然有时做的不够好，但他一直在努力帮我分担辛苦，这也是我们俩欢乐的时光。

四、让孩子少一点压力，多一份简单

在学习之余要注意让孩子适当放松，每晚我们抽出半小时进行散步、慢跑，并利用这一时光，了解孩子的精神需要，并经常和孩子谈心。有时间的话，他会请我跟他对上一局他喜爱的围棋。学会用欣赏的目光看待自我的孩子，善于捕捉他身上的闪光点，不要将子女与别人的孩子相比，将子女的此刻和过去进行比较，纵向看进步，及时发现和肯定自我孩子所获得的任何一点成绩，使孩子感受到我们的赞美和鼓励，提高孩子的自信心和良好的学习习惯。

孩子的心田是敏感的，撒下什么样的种子就会开出什么样的花果，就会有什么样的收获，因此，我真诚地期望家长们撒下的是美丽、善良、友爱的种子。让美丽、善良、友爱的花开满孩子的心田。不要让“望子成龙”的心理变成孩子的压力，顺其自然，因材施教，让孩子轻简单轻松学习，要相信：是金子总是会发光的！

第五篇：知识积累

知识积累：

探究实验试题：联系所学过的知识和技能，进行知识的类比、迁移、重组，全面细致的思考才能正确作答。

一、探究性实验的一般思路

提出假设---------实验探究-----得出结论

1、准确地把握实验目的

2、利用已学知识，分析如何实现这个目的-----实验原理

3、结合实验材料，初步确定涉及对策---实验方案

1、对未知产物的探究

某课外兴趣小组为了探究铁与硫在隔绝空气的条件下反应所得固体M的成分，设计了如右图装置。倾斜A使稀硫酸(足量)与固体M充分反应，待反应停止后，B装置增重，C装置中溶液无变化，反应后进入量气管气体的体积为VmL（已折算成标准状况）

由上述实验事实可知：

（1）①固体M中一定有的物质是______________(填化学式)理由是_______________ ②其中一种物质的质量可以确定为___________g(用代数式表示)。（2)B装置的名称是________。

写出B装置中反应的离子方程式_______________________________________。

（3)C装置的作用是_________________________，如果实验中没有B装置，则C装置中产生的现象是_________________________________________。（4)稀硫酸和固体M反应后溶液中还残留淡黄色固体，该固体是_____________,要分离出该固体，在实验操作中，除烧杯外还需要用到的玻璃仪器是_____________。

（5）通过进一步实验，测得固体M中各种成分的质量之和小于反应前铁粉和硫粉的质量之和，产生这种现象的原因可能是_____________

a．M中有未反应的铁和硫

b．测定气体体积时水准管的水面高于量气管的水面

c．A中留有反应生成的气体

d．气体进入D装置前未用浓硫酸干燥

参考答案：(1)①FeS、Fe B装置增重、量气管有气体。②

V/11200

(2)洗气瓶

2OH-+H2S → 2H2O+S2--

(3)证明H2S已被完全吸收黑色沉淀

(4)硫漏斗、玻璃棒（5）b、C

【反思】通过化学反应原理猜测可能生成哪些物质，对这些物质的检验来推测出究竟含有哪些物质。虽然探究性实验主要考察学生的探究能力，但在问题的设置上常常半酣了对实验基础知识的考查。