第一篇：论文参考文献-德伯家的苔丝（xiexiebang推荐）
英美文学论文《苔丝》的参考文献格式范文-British and American 国内：《苔丝》研究
1、《苔丝悲剧的社会原因分析》，景德镇高专学报，2004 年 01 期 黄利玲
2、《绘画艺术与文学语境锻造——透视〈德伯家的苔丝〉的景物描写》 江汉大学学报(人文科学版), 英语论文格式 2003 年 03 期，余勤
3、《两个性格 两种命运——简?爱和苔丝的形象比较》，吉林师范大学学报(人文社 会科学版), 2003 年 06 期侯秀杰
4、《〈红楼梦〉与〈德伯家的苔丝〉留学作业网 女性人物肖像刻画的对比分析》 暨南学报(哲学 社会科学版), 2003 年 02 期 易淑琼
5、《〈德伯家的苔丝〉叙事风格谈片》 湖北工业大学学报，2003 年 04 期张剑平，杜湖湘
6、《论苔丝悲剧之根源》 广西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)，2002 年 S3 期 李有华
7、《苔丝悲剧必然性之探讨》 思茅师范高等专科学校学报，2002 年 02 期 魏江华
8、《社会、人性、人生——苔丝的悲剧剖析》 成都教育学院学报，2002 年 11 期 谭晓援
9、《略论〈苔丝〉创作手法的悲剧意味》，齐鲁学刊 , 2002 年 05 期 吴钧、《文字之外的解读——比较〈德伯家的苔丝〉和〈边城〉》娄底师专学报 , 2002 年 03 期，龚璇、《〈德伯家的苔丝〉中象征手法的运用》 黑龙江教育学院学报 , 2002 年 01 期，黄秀君、《〈苔丝〉中的自然意象与象征》 信阳师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版), 2002 年02 期 牛建伟 13、《〈苔丝〉的叙述视角简论》 丽水师范专科学校学报 , 2001 年 06 期，牛建伟 14、《悲剧的超越——试比较〈边城〉与〈德伯家的苔丝〉》昆明师范高等专科学校学报 , 2001 年 01 期 杜丽琴、《〈德伯家的苔丝〉中神话原型探讨》 远程教育杂志 , 2001 年 02 期 应悦 , 丁晓、《论〈苔丝〉中的原型象征》 固原师专学报 , 2001 年 04 期，胡笑瑛、《从苔丝的命运看哈代的宗教意识》焦作师范高等专科学校学报 , 2001 年 01 期马士奎 , 朱士东 18、《论〈苔丝〉的叙事节奏》，佳木斯大学社会科学学报 , 2000 年 02 期，王录、《不同的文化传统 不同的精神回归——玛丝洛娃与苔丝比较》西南民族学院学报(哲学社会科学版), 2000 年 08 期，马林贤、《论〈苔丝〉中浪漫主义创作手法的运用》，广西右江民族师专学报 , 2000 年 04 期，梁巧娜 21、《从〈苔丝〉看哈代对基督教动机论道德观的张扬》，安庆师范学院学报(社会科学 版), 1999 年 04 期、《试析〈德伯家的苔丝〉的悲剧精神》 中国人民大学学报，1998 年 02 期 陈遐
[1] Ackerman, Robert.Thomas Hardy′s Tess of the D′Urbervilles.北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1996.[2] Gatrell, Simon.Thomas Hardy and the Proper Study of Mankind.London: Macmillan, 1993.[3] Hardy, Thomas.Tess of the D′Urbervilles.Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 1992.[4] Hardy, Thomas.A Study of His Novels.Wuhan: Central China Normal University Press, 1992.[5] 哈代（Hardy,T.）著，陈雅莉译.Tess of the D′Urbervilles.北京：中央编译出版社，2004.[6] Hardy, Thomas.Tess of the D′Urbervilles.西安：世界图书出版公司西安公司，1997.[7] Kramer, Dale.Critical Approaches to the Fiction of Thomas Hardy.
第二篇：英语专业文学德伯家的苔丝论文
从生态女性主义的角度来分析苔丝
专业：英语 学号： 学生姓名： 指导老师：
摘 要
托马斯.哈代的小说《德伯家的苔丝》是英国以及世界文学史上的经典之作。本文主要通过女性生态主义的角度来理解和分析这篇小说。生态女性主义者认为，自然与女性是人类生存和发展的本源，二者均与男性相对立，而且都是资本主义工业化经济扩张过程中的受害者。在小说中，苔丝作为哈代塑造的一位女性，身处在英国工业大肆向农村扩张的时期，同时被男性所欺凌和压迫。同时，她身边的自然环境和生产方式的改变也体现着以男性为中心的社会对于自然界的扩张和侵犯。因此，本文将通过生态女性主义的角度来分析《德伯家的苔丝》。通过生态女性主义的视角分析哈代的自然观、妇女观在作品中的体现和其作品中反映的苔丝与自然的亲密关系以及在男权社会中女权主义的崛起，能给读者以一个新的角度来重新理解这部作品，与此同时，能够对生态女性主义及其发展有很好的了解。
关键词：生态女性主义；自然；工业化；男权社会
Analysis of Tess of the D’urbervilles in the Light of Ecofeminism
Abstract
Thomas Hardy‘s novel Tess of the D‘urbervilles is a great classic work in England as well as in the world.This thesis will analysis Tess of the D‘urbervilles in the light of ecofeminism.Ecofeminists argues that nature and feminist are the origin of human being‘s existence and development ,the two are incompatible to men.Moreover, are the victims in the process of capitalistic industrialization and expansive male intrusion.In the novel ,Tess is a heroine created by Hardy, who was set to live in the times of industrialization approach to rural area., and bullied and oppressed by masculine.Besides ,the nature surrounding her and the modify of production style also can reflect the expansion as well as the invasion endowed by male centered world.Therefore ,this thesis will read Tess of the D‘urbervilles by angel of ecofeminism.Through Analysis of Hardy‘s view of nature and women in the light of ecofeminism as well as Tess‘s close relationship with nature and the emergency of feminism among male chauvinism, which will give reader a new angel to understand the novel.Meanwhile ,we can have a good understanding of ecofeminism.I Key Words: Tess of the D‘urbervilles;Ecofeminism;Women;Nature;Indusrtilization
II
CONTENTS
摘 要..............................................................................................................................I Abstract.........................................................................................................................I Chapter 1 Introduction.............................................................................................2
1．1 The writing background.......................................................................................2 1．2 The main content of Tess of the D‘ubervilles..........................................................3 1．3 Literature review.................................................................................................4 1.4What is new in my study Chapter 2 Ecofeminism and Its Development........................................................5
2.1 Definiation of specialized terms.............................................................................5 2.2 The Development of Ecofeminism.........................................................................6 2.3 Differences of social psychology.............................................错误！未定义书签。
Chapter 3 An Ecofeminism Reading of Tess of the D’urbervilles........................7
3.1 Tess and nature...................................................................................................7 3.2 Tess and industrialization.....................................................................................8 3.3 Tess and male..................................................................................................10 Chapter 4 Conclusion...............................................................................................11 References...................................................................................................................12 Acknowledgements....................................................................................................14
III 1
Chapter 1 Introduction
Literature is not only an art but also a mirror of real life.When studying a literature work, scholars actually study history.Nowadays an increasing number of scholars have began to study the history of a country‘s economic, political, culture and environment forms from the perspective of literature because through different kinds of literary works , we can see all sorts of feelings such as joy, anger ,sorrow.The feature of literature isvarious, one of which is tragedy.In the tragedy , it is inevitable that the heroes or heroines should suffer a setback or disadvantage ,made themselves in dishonor ,experience hardness.With a bad ending, tragedy often contains a certain philosophy of life.―Tess of the D’urbervilles ―is one of the Hardy‘s tragedies, a masterpiece which brought him into a number of literary critics notice.It reflected the writer‘s real society system and morals.So studying this novel can help us to know about the system and concept of that time.There are many different approaches from various ways to analysis the novel..This essay mainly study the Tess in the light of ecofeminism, which concerns both feminism and ecology principle.First of all , it will review other people‘s understanding of the novel Tess of the D’urbervilles.Then it will demonstrates the origination and development as well as the trend it goes.The chapter three will get to the point ,that is apply the theory ecofeminism to the detail.All the analyses of Tess of the D’urbervilles are hoped to enable us to see the relationship between women and nature as well as man.Ecofeminism has been admitted to an important theory of literature, though the term ecofeminism has only been in use for a relatively short time.Therefore, analysising Tess of the D’urbervilles.with ecofeminism approach is comparatively young.1.1 The writing background Thomas Hardy was the last important novelist of the Victoria ages，which was an age of great change and many difficulties.Victorian novels were full of sensibilities and were tended to be idealized portraits of difficult lives in which hard work, perseverance, love and luck win out in the end;virtue would be rewarded and sinners are suitably punished.They tended to be of an improving nature with a central moral lesson at heart.While this formula was the basis for much of earlier Victorian fiction, the situation became more complex as the century progressed.It was also an age of realism rather than of romanticism.Realism tries to tell the whole truth showing moral and physical diseases as they are.Victorian literature ,in general, truthfully represented the reality and spirit of this age which was the great age of the English novel—realistic, thickly plotted, crowded with characters, and long article.Hardy, who also shown the truth of this age with a high place in Western literature which came from the turbulence of life and deterministic of human being.His tragedies in the history of Western literature were not an accident for the tragedy consciousness.The tragedy consciousness in Hardy‘s novels originated from Western traditional tragic spirit which was full of rationalism and profound reflection on the contradictions of human society.And it also revealed an ineluctable and inevitable conditionality of fate.That is to say ,the heroes or heroines would lead to the tragic road of life in the end in Western literature no matter whether they liked or not.Tragedy mostly was their final arrangement.Thomas Hardy‘s novels are deeply influenced by Greek tragedies and Shakspearean tragedies.And he was deeply influenced by Schopenhauer‘s tragedy consciousness.Schopenhauer was a famous philosopher who believed that life was a tragedy and life was filled with desire.Schopenhauer divided tragedy into three types :the tragedy caused by those who committed heinous crimes, the tragedy led by the irony of fate and the tragedy caused by misunderstanding and distrust between persons in everyday life.He believed that the last tragedy was most terrible one which we can see in Hardy‘s works.Hardy began to creating the novels in the early 1870s.In the late 1890s,he turned to write poetry.The Britain in this period was undergoing a transition period from laisser –faire capitalism to imperialism.The capitalism thought that the social system of this period could not be changed.But Hardy‘s works exactly clashed with it ,which reflected the tremendous changes of society because of the invasion of industrial capital to the village.He had exposed the mask of British society which can reflect in the novel Tess of the D’ubervilles.1.2 The Main Content of Tess of the D’urbervilles Tess of the D’ubervilles came into a conflict with Victorian morality.In this novel, Hardy reaches the height of his achievement as a novelist.Like most other novels, rural life is a prominent issue in the story.And the issue of fate versus freedom of action is another important aspect of this novel.It tells that a village girl called Tess who was very beautiful ,pure, plain ,honest ,but went through a miserable life.She was born in a poor family with much concern to her family.Her father who drank too much and came to understand that the Durbeyfield family could very well be the descendents of a royal family.So her parents sent her to the D‘urberville mansion to work and marry a wealthy man.It‘s there that she was raped by the Alec, the son of the D‘urbervilles and pregnant.She fell in love with Angel Clare before long.Clare loved her very much and longed to marry her but she delayed to answer this offer of marriage just because she did not know how to tell the truth of being raped.Despite this ,finally ,this kindhearted and sincere girl decided to tell him this bad thing.However, when Tess told him the truth that she was raped by Alec.Angle could not forget her for having another man‘s child.Therefore ,Angel abandoned Tess.Alec returned into her life as a ―preacher‖.At first ,Tess didn‘t accept him for the past evils.After her father‘s death unexpectedly, Tess had the burden of the family welfare on her shoulders, soon were evicted from their cottage.She deeply believed that Angel would never come back as Alec said.Tess knew her family would live better by accepting Alec‘s wealth and property But to her surprised ,Angel returned from brazil, repenting his harshness, but only to find that Tess living with Alec.Tess killed Alec in desperation.At last she was arrested and hanged.1.3 Literature Review As for Tess of the D’urbervilles, different approaches are available after it published.Gose,Jr,ElliottB, in 1963 for the first time adopt a Darwinism to analysis Tess of the D’urberville in his book Psychic Evolution : Darwinism and Initiation in Tess of the D’urbervilles, He holds that the blood imagery in Tess is mainly due to the ritual initiation.Gose also argues that Tess struggles for psychic evolution , but is forced to revert into retrogressive primitive behavior.According to anthropology, primitive ritual to some extent is that man attempts to control nature.In1966, critic Kettle argues that macrocosmic social and economic forces are the determiners of plot in this novel.Changes brought about by modernization---the decline of ―haling‖ with the rise of new methods of goods distribution and the movement of the population from rural to urban areas---bring hardship upon the Durbeyfields and lead Tess to Alec D‘urberville.As one of early reviewers of Tess of the D’urbervilles ,Johnson ,Lionel ,British writer and critic ,he complains that Hardy does not make clear who is to blame(nature, god, or society).Johnson objects to Hardy‘s tendencies to deny the power of conscience in man ,to underemphasize the weight of human history and civilization and to place man upon the level of other animals‘.In his opinion, Tess is equal to an animal with a ―darkling conscience‖, whose unhappiness is the result of a ―vague sense of social misdemeanor, rather from rationality.In 1999,Ellen Rooney studied Tess of the D’urbervilles with a feminist perspective which addresses a few key conflicts in the story.Essentially, Rooney holds that Hardy described Tess as a speaking subject to risk the possibility that she may appear as the subject of desire.According to Rooney, a figure with no potential as a desiring subject can only reinforce the notion of ―Tess the seductress‖ Yet, in various versions, Tess is presented as a seductress.Hardy presented readers mixed messages, show we see her as a willing seductress, or as a victim who must suffer because of her body‘s effects on others? Rooney argues that Hardy never comes to a conclusion on this matter, but enables Tess to give over her body , utterly silenced and purified, not by Hardy’s failure to see that she might speak ,but by his unflicting description of the inexorable forces that produce her as the seductive object of the discourses of man[1] 1.4 What is new in my study This paper will adapt a ecofeminissm approach to analysis the Tess of the D‘urbervilles.Nature is a inevitable symbolic background in Hardy‘s novels and female is his constantly important writing inspiration ,thus the women are intimately relate to nature in his works.In his novels, the rhythm of nature is often in accordance with the heroine‘s fate and mood.So is the Tess of the D‘urbervilles.Ecofeminism as a new theory holds the oppression of women and the degradation of nature as theoretically ,symbolically and historically connected.Hence, this thesis will put focus on the relationship between women and nature as well as Chapter 2 Ecofeminism and It’s Development
2.1 Definition of Specialized Terms
2.1.1 Definition of Ecofeminism Ecofeminism is a new theory first appeared in Le Feminisme ou la Mort by Francoise d‘Eaubonne.The core of the theory is that women and nature exists harmoniously while incompatible contradiction between them and men and that women and nature both fall victims to capitalism, industrialization as well as male intrusion Ecofeminism is based on the ecological principles of the whole, harmonious, diversified ,interdependent, existence.It mainly contains four points as follows.Firstly ,the oppression of women connects closely with the oppression of nature.Secondly, to learn the essence of these bonds is necessary for a better understanding of women and nature ‗s oppression.Thirdly, the theory of feminism and angel of view which are the necessity of practice.Last, solution of ecology problems must contain the view point of feminism.2.1.2 Definition of Patriarchal In Western Civilization, patriarchal(ruled by the father):means male –centered and controlled ,and is organized and conducted in such a way as to subordinate women to men in all cultrual domains: familial, religious, political, economic, social ,legal, and artistic.[1] In other words, it‘s a form of social organization in which the male is the family head and title is traced through the male line.It‘s first used by anthologists to describe any society where an elder male had authoritative power over all others, including younger and minor males.Among various kinds of definitions of patriarchy given by feminists, Walby‘s is one of the most influential definitions.He describes patriarchy as a system of interrelated social structures exploit women According to Sexual Politics, Kate Millett pointed that the patriarchy granted the father nearly total ownership over wives and children, including the powers of physical abuse and often even those of murder and sale.In other words, in the traditional society, the female is always under the control of the male who is considered to be absolutely supreme in his household.In the Hebrew Bible and Greek ,the female tends to be difined as a rib of man‘s.Thus, women are supposed to lack of the identifying male organ, of male powers ,and of male character traits that be presumed.In the patriarchal view, masculine is widely identified as active, dominating, adventurous, rational, creative;while the feminine, by systematic opposition to such traits, has come to be identified as passive, acquiescent timid, emotional, and conventional.In the novel, Tess‘s father is one of representatives of male parents of the patriarchal society, who dominate the whole family.Thus sent Tess to D'Urberville mansion and marry a wealthy man.Alec and Angel are also endowed with the male chauvinism, which made them hurt Tess pysically and mentally.2.2 Development of Ecofeminism 2.2.1 The Origin of Ecofeminism Ecofeminism is originated from Le Feminisme la Mort by Francoise.D‘Eaubonne.In early 1962,American ecology philosopher Rachel Carson for the first time in her book Silent Spring criticized the destruction of environment.She is one of the earliest feminists who concerned environment problems.In 1974,Franciose d‘Eauboone for the first time used the term ecofeminisim in her works Le Feminisme la Mort ,she argued that the immediate cause of present –day woes and future treats is the patriachal system, founded upon the appropriation of procreation and fertility, the mental and cultural structures of which have persisted across all successive social and economic domains.2.2.2 Development of Ecofeminism Another ecofeminist Karen ‗s book A Western Perspective on What it is and why is it Matters is a well-organized explication of the idelogy that perpetuates the domination of women and nature.It would make an excellent introductory textbook for a class on environmental philosophy, feminist studies, or ecofeminism.In 1995,Martha McMahon argued that the ecofeminist images of the individual and of equitable or ethical relationships between selves and others is not based on a requirement of homogeneity.instead it is based an appreciation of empirically given diversity and the system inequalities of care ,class and gender.As for the trend ecofeminism goes, it is difficult to predict.But as far as I concerned, ecofeminism will be constantly renewed and perfect.Chapter 3 An Ecofeminism Reading of Tess of the U’Dberbilles 3.1 Tess and Nature Like most other Hardy‘s novels, rural life is a prominent issue in the story and the nature and human always merge into one organic whole, Tess of the D’urbervilles is of no exception.In the novel, the rhythm of nature is in accordance with the development of the plot.Tess is related to nature closely, her psychological changes are reflected in the nature world.The landscape and the title character take parallel routes.Tess seems to be one with nature and paths of her life blending with her surroundings.Tess is the incarnation of nature.Tess‘s identification with nature in all its guises gives a new dimension to her affinity with the land and with animals.In the novel, Flintcomb-Ash is the scene of a clion for most of the remainder of the book, and its physical appearance is symbolic of the decline that is taking place in Tess‘ life.Talbothays was lush, moist, and fertile, and its inhabitants were friendly;Flintcomb-Ashis ,as its name suggests, is flinty in its hardness, dry as ashes, stcrile, and its people are unfriendly.Tess spends the bountiful summer at the dairy ,the barrien winter at the turnip farm.Talbothays is on a bare plateau.The dairy teems with life, Flintcomb-Ashis is a ―starve –acre place‖.Tess‘s affinity with nature to some extent reveals itself in her knowledge of nature.At the same time ,nature is not merely a setting for Tess, it is her work, her life.Even as a young girl ,Tess is good at hay making , harvesting, milking and butter making.In the description, Hardy says that “ a field woman is a portion of the field;she has someone lost her own margin ,imbibed the essence of her surroundings, and assimilated herself to it.”[2] From the words, we can see through women‘s emotional nature, they tend to be give themselves more unreservedly to their surroundings than men do.Throughout the whole novel ,she is described as at home with the land and animal.―physically and mentally suited‖for her work.Her life journey is in accordance with the rhythm of nature, improving with the spring, decling with the autumn.For another feature is that she is incompatible with the civilized society.She had no fear of shadows, her sole idea seemed to be avoid mankind.....or rather that cold accretion called the world which, so terrible in the mass, is so formidable even pitiable in its units.[3] Tess does not try to get work in town and thus be free from dependence on seasonal farm work.The answers that she fears towns and town life and manners because she had no experience in anything but a rural environment and also because all her hardships have been educated and have had all the ―advantages‖ of modern civilization.The close relationship between Tess and nature shows Tess being associated and identified with nature.According to the ecofeminists, one identification of women with non-human nature lies in the early human social patterns in which is a acknowledgement as a child bearer.In the primitive social patterns, the main resposibility is producer and maintenance.Women did most of the work involved with child care ,food production and preparation, make of closing, baskets and other artifacts for daily using.Therefore ,in patriachal dualism, women are assumed to be closer to nature than men.3.2Tess and Industrialization Ecofeminism primarily opposed development ,since it criticized development as a measurement male casted..In their opinion ,development is a passive accepment of Western colonialism advancement pattern.Development theory assumed that models can been applied to the whole world.Thus development is a continuation of declonization, which based on oppression or ostoucism and exploitation of other cultures.Development also can cause the devastation of nature,women and the culture in a bad state.The novel is set at the time of Victorian Age when industrialization began to encroach upon the countryside rapidly.With the further development of capitalism , With the further development of capitalism ,many social changes took place in the rural area of southern England;the peasants lost their land and became workers of factories.Many of whom were impoverished, struggling all year to make an living for existence.Besides, the newly rising bourgeois ideas came to clash with the old customs, traditional conventions and moral concepts , religious beliefs that still remained in countryside.In this transitional period, many of farmers were under ecnomic pressure.The protagonist Tess is set in this time.From her , it reflects the impoverished condition and tragic fate of the peasants that time.Her father‘s inability and a large family cause the family always in a leant time.Tess, as the elder child of the family , naturally should some responsibilities.The old horse‘s death made her guilty and find a job in Alec D‘urbervilles.It‘s her family that makes she is raped by Alec as well as later hardship.For the same reason ,she returns to Alec for which cause her death.Therefore , the bankruptcy of agriculture and the destruction of the peasants are the very root of the tragedy and her family.We also can see the objection of industrialization from the novel.When Tess and Izz arrive at the risk ,they see the “red tyrant” they have “come to serve “ –the threshing machine which, whilst it was going ,”kept up a despotic demand upon the endurance of their musels and nerves”[4] A little way from the machine stood the enginge which supplied the power for the thresher and next to it stood the engineman.He travels with his engine and thresher from farm to farm and has absolutely no concern with interest in the farms he works on;he cares about noting but his machines.[5] In the novel , Hardy indicates what seems to him the basically inhuman nature of the modern machine age.The thresher is a ―despot‖, a ―tyrant‖ the engine is called the ―primum mobile ―(First cause ,God)of this little world‖.The engine-man is described as having the ―appearence of a creature from Tophet‖, that is ,from Hell.Hardy‘s ideas on machinery and morden life can to some extent can reflect Tess‘s incompatible to industrialization.9 3.3 Tess and Male In patriarchal dulism the male is identified with the mind, culture, spirit and God;the female with the body nature ,matter ,and earth.Just as the mind is rational and the body irrational, so it‘s between man and woman;male rationality is set over against female irrationality Thus men are wise and superior to women ,and the women must be subordinate to him and serve him.This novel is setting at the Victorian Age ,so a man could live a dissipating life as he had once done while a woman could not.In the male centered society ,man can dominate woman and woman had to suffer the unfairness of man –made law, the law by which man and woman were not eaqually treated in terms of morality.At that age ,the male demand for purify in woman and the use the double standard in sexual matters were the essential features.These unfair rules deteremined by the Christianity and characterized by patriachy.Throught the whole novel ,Tess is related to two men :Alec and Angel, one is Stan ,the prince of darkness and another is Angel ,neither of whom could be better than the other.It seems that that she now jumps out of the frying pan and then into another one.It‘s them that caused Tess‘s destruction.Alec is represented hypocritical religion while Angel represented Christian morality and bourgeois.It‘s the two beliefs that made Tess hurt physically and mentally.Alec as the first man in Tess‘s life who hurt Tess by possess her body by the advantage of class and gender.He reveals his feelings of superiority initially on the ride in the Chase.When Tess wipes her cheek after Alec‘s kiss, he exclaims: Mighty sensitive for a farm girl![6] From what he said ,we can conclude that he assumes cultural right because of class and gender advantage to have Tess‘s body.Actually, Tess is of the true, ―instinctive‖ nobility, while Alec is ―mighty insensitive‖.Because he is ill—mannered than Tess.And Later, when he proposed to Tess, he not show any love feeling rather said : I was your master once!I will be your master again.[7] Compared with Alec ,Angel is kinder and more rational than him.But his Christian morality hurt Tess in heart deeply.When Tess told Angel that she was the decendant of nobility ,Angel said
I thought you were the new daughter of nature, but unprepared you were the aristocrats in decline.[8] These words revealed that his true intentions, since he thought Tess is a purified girl ,who completely conformity with his standards for a spouse as well as the moral of Victorian Age.Although he was rebellious in some aspects, he still use the moral standards to judge Tess.After they married ,Tess‘s confess again show Angel‘s beliefs.He tells her of the time when ,be set by religious doubts and despair, he had gong to London and spent two days in “dissipation with a stranger” After it was over ,he realized the error of his ways ,and knew he would never do anything like it again.He feels ,however that Tess ought to know of it ,and he is glad he has confessed.He ask she: “Do you forgive me ?”She pressed his hand tightly for an answer.Now, of course, Tess feels that her confession has been made easier ,and says that she in turn has something to tell as well.Angel can not believe it is serious.[9] Angel finally abandons her for her ― impurity ‖.Therefore ,Tess is a victim of injustices.Tess is bound to confront a tragic fate in the unfair capitalist society.Chapter 4 Conclusion Tess of the D’urbervilles is Hardy‘s the greatest work.Hardy put great energy to describe the capitalism industrialization expansion casted depredation on peaceful countryside life.Although the novel mainly tell Tess‘s tragedy fate Actually, it reflects all the peasants‘ miserable destiny.This thesis takes a view from ecofeminism ,challenged the former theories.It argues that the master sheet clearly show that feminists‘ intimacy with nature and masculine‘s opposition to nature.Tess, as a representative of female, is completely at ease in the nature area.While men were running counter to the nature ,they just give themselves to expand and invade.Meanwhile, nature is not the mere victims ,so were women.Human being discover the law s of nature merely for reconstructing nature.The aim of men‘s control by means of applying code of ethics is also for insult and possession by themselves.Ecofeminism believe that there is close relationship between the domination over women and the exploitation of nature.As both forms of domination and all others that conform to this pattern are bound by the same conceptual logic of hierarchal value dulisms, each must be addressed in order to address the others.References
Acknowledgements The accomplishment of my dissertation owes greatly to all the professors who have taught me in the four years at Nanchang University.I would like to take this chance to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor Zhu Yarong for her patience and guidance for this thesis.She has provided me with instructive guidance and constructive suggestions.I am also grateful to many of my good friends and classmates for their comments and support.It has been a great experience to study at Nanchang University.I enjoy the beautiful campus and love the nice people there..外文资料原文
Analysis of Tess of the D’urbervilles
Thomas Hardy's Tess Of The D'Urbervilles is a novel in which his protagonist and other characters are confronted by an almost endless array of moral and socially acceptable choices.Thomas Hardy makes the reader to take a critical look at the character's situation, the character's thought process and the impact of the character's decision making in the society in which they live.Thomas Hardy presents his reader with three major characters.They are the protagonist Tess Durbeyfield, Angel Clare(Tess's longtime love and husband)and Alec D'Urberville(Tess's seducer and husband).It is these three major characters whom Hardy chooses to place in the most precarious moral and social dilemmas.It is through these characters and their dilemmas that Thomas Hardy displays the social issues found in Tess of the D'Urbervilles.Hardy's protagonist seems to have been born in a dilemma.Tess was the oldest of a very large family and she had the responsibility of caring for her younger siblings.Young Tess had many concerns to cope with in her life.Her father who drank too much came to understand that the Durbeyfield family could very well be the descendants of a royal family known as D'Urberville.Motivated by greed of becoming part of a higher class, with no thought for Tess, her mother and father made the conscious choice to send Tess to the D'Urberville mansion to acquire work and marry a wealthy man.While employed at the D'Urberville mansion, Tess was confronted with her first major social dilemma whose name is Alec D'Urberville.The young Alec is portrayed as a spoiled, almost evil person;a high class snob.From the first time he laid eyes on Tess, he begins to seduce her.Hardy's use of Alec D'Urberville and his relationship to Tess, sets the standard for the cruelty of society in this novel.We(the reader)come to know that Alec D'Urberville is the cause of Tess's social problems.That is, he has no conscience, no morals and above all feels no remorse for his actions and it reflects upon Tess.His seduction of her results in her pregnancy and she chooses to leave the D'Urberville mansion.Hardy tells the reader that the moral sin which Tess has experienced is taboo in her society and she becomes the object of ridicule and rejection.Although she is a “fallen woman”, she maintains her high moral standards as well as her beauty and innocence.In analyzing the above mentioned scenario, can the reader hold Tess completely blameless.Was she not a conscious participant in her own seduction? The answer is certainly yes, however, Hardy does a wonderful job of exonerating her and her social sins.Hardy(if not Angel Clare), is convinced, not only of her purity but also of her capacity for ascendancy.Although her society chastised such behavior, Hardy bestows upon his protagonist the ability to overcome the moral and social stigma and thus Tess maintains her dignity and sense of self.Through what could be labeled “divine intervention,” her baby dies.The priest would not give it a proper Christian burial because of the social rules regulating religion.The baby had not been properly baptised at birth.The priest says that if it were up to him, he would, but he must follow the social
laws
surrounding
him.The years pass and we find our lovely, innocent protagonist once again canvassing the countryside in search of serenity and work.She is hired as a milkmaid on a large dairy farm and it is here that Hardy places his protagonist as well as her future husband in their most troublesome and disturbing moral and social dilemma.While working on the dairy farm, Tess happens to meet Angel Clare, the man she will eventually marry.Angel and Tess fall in love and make plans for their marriage.As their courtship continues, Tess knows in her heart that she must tell Angel about her past.However, she fails to do so for fear of losing him.She feels that the moral sin that she has experienced will most certainly drive Angel away from her.One can argue that there is no evil in this deception, only a young girl's fear of losing her the man she loves and her future husband.The question here is that of society's acceptance of this union.Would Angel accept her even though she is not accepted in society? The novel now takes a very interesting turn.Concerning Tess's relationship with Alec and the moral and social sins commited, Angel feels that the sins are not only sins against man, but also God.The reader would most certainly state that Angels reaction to his dilemma placed much pain and hardship on his wife.Hardy is exposing the hypocrisy of his time by pointing out that a man could divorce his wife for committing adultery;however, a women could not divorce her husband for it.Here the reader can see what is wrong in nineteenth century society's norms and values compared to those of today.Alec D'Urberville returns into her life, this time not as a spoiled young man, but as a “preacher.” He explained to Tess that he had received a calling from God and was compelled to preach the gospel to the sinners around him.He pretends to realize what he had done wrong and now wants Tess to forgive him and return to him.Tess confesses to him about their child and also about her marriage to Angel.Alec, who has already been perceived as the social evil, literally haunts her until she agrees to marry him.Her seduction by Alec is slow and methodical, much like his seduction of her early in the novel.He used his profound art of psychological manipulation to persuade Tess that Angel has left her forever.He further enhanced the seduction by telling her that even if her husband returned, she should never look upon him as a husband.The reader, no matter how naive, now knows that Angel will return and attempt to find his beloved wife Tess.Angel searches diligently for Tess and finds her at her home with her husband Alec.Tess reacts to Angel in a manner of anger and resentment.However, Tess knows in her heart of hearts that she is still in love with Angel and decides to confess her love for him to her husband Alec.Alec does not take the news very well and proceeds to cast insults toward Tess.Tess, in a fit of emotional passion kills Alec with a knife and flees the area with Angel.For the first time in this novel, Hardy has our protagonist committing a deliberate act of social evil.She has taken a human life.Even now after Tess has committed murder the reader asks, but was the murder not committed for the sake of love? Could it not be justified? The reader remembers the innocence of Tess Durbeyfield.The reader understands the sacrifices she made for her beloved Angel.The reader knows what an evil man Alec D'Urberville was, but society does not care.Would not love, innocence and purity justify the taking of a human life? Thomas Hardy has exposed Tess D'Urberville to many evils of society and of mankind.He has placed upon her every conceivable moral and social dilemma that mankind could experience.Through all of her trials she has remained a saint, a pillar of virtue, spirit and self-reliance.Tess is not evil, those around her were evil.By placing their moral and social evils upon her, her demise was the murder of a human being.The novel reaches it's climax when Tess and Angel reach the area known as Stonehenge, a heathen temple known for its immense healing powers.How ironic that Hardy would have his heroin and heroines complete their life's social journey at such a mystical temple.For Tess, the site is a destination, a sanctuary, and the ancient court seems to pass judgement and absolve her, for she awakens completely at peace.Tess is apprehended by the local townspeople and subsequently executed for her act of murder.Hardy, through moral and social manipulation places Tess in situations that we all have experienced.Can we as human beings confess to maintaining the high standards of dignity, purity and innocence that Tess D'Urberville held? Would we have not sought revenge on Alec, Angel or even our parents for the wrong they had done to us? Tess is not at fault in her story.The fault lies in the constant moral and social demands placed upon her by Hardy's peripheral characters and their roles in society.外文资料译文
分析德伯家的苔丝
在托马斯.哈代的小说《德伯家的苔丝》中，主人公和其他人物都几乎面临到一系列不计其数的的道德及社会方面的认可的选择。托马斯.哈代让读者从批判的角度来看人物所处的情境，人物的思维过程及人物在当时他们生活的时代里所做决定的影响。
托马斯.哈代向读者呈现了三个主要角色。他们分别是主人公苔丝.德伯，安吉尔.克莱尔（苔丝为时甚久的爱人及丈夫）和亚历克.斯托克.德伯（苔丝的诱奸者和丈夫）。哈代选择这三个人物发生在一个最不稳定的道德及社会窘境中。通过这三个角色以及他们左右为难的困境，托马斯.哈代展示了在德伯家的苔丝中发现的社会问题。
哈代小说中的主人公似乎出生在一个矛盾中。苔丝是一个大家庭里的长女，有责任和义务去照顾年幼的弟弟和妹妹。年轻的苔丝在生命中有太多对家人的牵挂。她爸爸酒醉后从牧师那了解到德伯家族实际上是古老显赫的贵族德伯氏的后裔。因为贪欲所激发想成为贵族的一支，她父母都不替苔丝着想，有意决定让苔丝到德伯家的庄园去干活然后嫁个有钱人。
当亚历克在到德伯家的庄园干活时，她面临到她第一次的重大抉择，他的名字是亚历克.斯托克.德伯。那个年轻的亚历克被描述成一个坏人，甚至道德败坏的上层势利小人。从第一次见到苔丝，就把目光盯在了苔丝身上，开始诱骗她。
哈代利用亚历克.斯托克.德伯与他和苔丝的关系，设置了小说中当时社会的残酷。读者接下来将知道亚历克是造成苔丝社会问题的原因。那就是说他没有良心，没有道德，最重要的是他没有为他的行为以及对苔丝的影响所忏悔。他对她的诱奸使得她怀孕了所以她选择离开德伯家的庄园。哈代告诉读者苔丝所经历的道德过失是她那个时代社会的禁忌。于是她成为被嘲笑和不能接纳的对象。尽管她是一个“沉沦”的女人，她仍然保持着她高标准的道德以及她的美丽和纯洁。
在分析以上情节时，读者会认为苔丝完全是无可责怪的吗。在诱奸中她不是一个有意识的参与者吗？答案是肯定的。哈代在为苔丝开脱罪责时写得非常不错。哈代确信不仅是苔丝的纯洁而且是她能力的优势。尽管她当时的社会反对这种行为，哈代授予他的主人公 一种克服社会耻辱的能力，因此苔丝保持着她的尊严和自我。
通过被称作上帝的干扰，她的孩子死了。由于社会制约着宗教礼仪，牧师不愿意给它进行正式的洗礼。那个孩子出生时没有进行正式的洗礼。牧师说如果他有权决定给孩子进行洗礼，他会很乐意这么做，但他必须遵循当时社会的法律。
岁月如梭，几年过后，我们发现我们可爱的，纯洁的主人公再次寻思着在着乡下找份原离闹市的活。她在一个大牛奶场做挤奶工作。正是在这里，哈代把主人公以及将来的丈夫置于一个最令人烦恼，不安的道德和社会困境之中。
在牛奶场工作期间，苔丝碰巧遇到安吉尔.克莱尔，那个终于结婚的人。安吉尔和苔丝开始相恋并且计划着结婚。尽管安吉尔坚持向苔丝去求爱，苔丝在内心里知道她必须告诉安吉尔她的过去。然而，由于害怕失去安吉尔，她没有告诉他。但是她感觉到内心经受着道德上的谴责，这迟早会让安吉尔离开她。这只是一个善意的谎言。因为这个年轻的女子害怕失去她心爱的人，也就是她未来的丈夫。这里，问题是社会是否会接受他们的结合。即使社会不接受苔丝安吉尔是否会接受她。
小说开始了一个有趣的转折。关于苔丝和亚历克的关系以及道德和社会方面所犯的罪，安吉尔认为这些罪孽不仅是有悖于人类的，而且是有悖于上帝的。大多数读者当然认为安吉尔在矛盾中的反应会给他妻子带来很大的痛苦和使她感到非常艰难。通过描述一个男人可以因为妻子通奸而与之离异，然而，女人却不能因为同样的原因与丈夫离婚。哈代以此揭露了他所处的那个年代的虚伪。在这里，读者可以看到和现在相比，在19世纪，社会制度和观念上存在着什么问题。
亚历克又回到苔丝的生活里。这次不是以一个坏人出现的，而是一个伪善的牧师。他向苔丝解释听到了上帝的召唤必须向周围有罪恶的人们传播福音。他装作意识到了过去的错误，想让苔丝原谅他，回到他身边。苔丝把关于他们的孩子及她和安吉尔的婚事告诉了亚历克。他已经觉察到在苔丝的心中他始终是罪恶的，实际上却经常出没在苔丝身边直到她答应嫁给他。她被亚历克诱奸是那么有条不紊，在很大程度上和小说早期的诱奸一样。他用诡异的心理艺术操纵来劝说苔丝安吉尔永远离开了她。他进一步加强诱奸的企图，告诉苔丝即使她丈夫回来了，她也不应该接受他。
读者，不管多幼稚，现在都知道安吉尔将会回来并试图找到他深爱的妻子，苔丝。安吉尔辛苦地寻找着苔丝却在她家发现她和亚历克在一起。苔丝愤怒的，怨恨的对安吉尔的出现做出了反应。然而，从内心来说，苔丝知道她仍然爱着安吉尔并且决定向丈夫亚历克 坦白她对安吉尔的爱。安吉尔亚历克没有好好对待安吉尔回来的消息，继续侮辱苔丝。苔丝一气下用刀子杀死了亚历克与逃跑了。在小说中，哈代第一次让我们的主人公蓄意犯罪，夺去了一个人的生命。即使在苔丝犯了谋杀罪后，读者不会问难道她不是因为爱而犯罪吗？难道不是事出有因吗？读者会想起苔丝的无辜。读者能理解她为心爱的安吉尔所做出牺牲的。读者也会知道亚历克是怎样一个恶棍。但是社会却不体谅。
难道爱情，清白和纯洁不能解释杀人的理由吗？托马斯.哈代已经让苔丝接触到人类和社会的许多罪恶。他把她置于可想象出来的人类可能经历的道德和社会困境之中。通过一系列的考验，苔丝仍然是一个圣人，一个富有美德，精神和独立自强的人。苔丝的道德没有败坏，那些她身边的人才是。把他们的道德和社会罪恶置于她，她只能以谋杀来去结束。
苔丝和安吉尔到达了被称作悬石坛的地方时，小说到达了高潮，一个因强大的治愈力量而有名的庙宇。哈代把男女主人公置于这么神秘的庙宇去完成他们生命的社会之旅是多具有讽刺意味。对于台丝来说，这个地点是终点，是避难所。这似乎是古老的法庭似乎给予通过审判宣布她无罪。因为她从平静中醒来。苔丝被当地镇上的人给逮捕了，随后因判谋杀罪而判死刑。
哈代，通过设置道德和社会操作，置苔丝于我们都经历过的处境中。作为人类，我们能不承认苔丝所拥有的高标准的尊严，清白和纯洁吗？如果是我们，我们难道不会向亚历克，安吉尔或者曾经使甚至我们受委屈的父母因去报复吗？苔丝在这个故事中没有错。错在于哈代所设置的她外围的人物及他们的角色不断地向苔丝提出的道德和社会要求。
第三篇：德伯家的苔丝读后感
德伯家的苔丝读后感
《德伯家的苔丝》这是一个悲剧的故事，在那个时候的欧洲，贫苦人家的女孩子是没有什么权利的，而苔丝就经历了一系列的悲惨故事，导致了自己的悲剧结局，那么你在读了这本书之后有哪些感触呢?写下来就是你的读后感了。
你应该感到幸运，你可以陪着我一起堕落。德伯的笑容里带着的是无尽的无奈以及疼惜。世界太复杂，因为太复杂，所以使得有着三个人的世界，就已经痛苦到无法再去有更多的时间去折磨和感受呼吸。
苔丝说，那时候的自己什么都不懂，你欺骗了我，现在又来引诱我，我恨你，你毁掉我一生的幸福。
也许没有人明白，“苔丝说”这番哀
求却有苦同的理论，也许可以自流一派，成为一本新的难念经。
因为追求的太过完美，所以死的也无所。因为看的太透，抑或又看的已经高斯模糊。安奇尔因为容不得背叛，追求者无暇，所以，很快的应验了一句话，苔丝无错，克莱尔无错，如若德伯不死，伤的会是三人，甚至更多。安奇尔追求并娶苔丝。其实就像是在PS里很认真的做完一幅图，然后再认认真真的打上马赛克，使其失真。
你爱我吗?安奇尔问伊利，笑容落拓，却又充满了调侃的嘲讽。
我爱你，很爱很爱。伊利说。
那你陪我去巴西，好吗?看到这里，我对安奇尔心冷。
好啊。这就是伊利的选择，这两人可真是一唱一和呢，看到这里，嘴角突然勾起了一抹嘲讽的笑意。
你真的比苔丝还要爱我么?突然，我的心有了一丝希望。
不，我没有苔丝爱你。苔丝爱你可
以爱到为你去死，而我却做不到。伊利的率真的话语，竟让人有一丝了然的恍惚。
苔丝赤着脚走路，却被黛西这种小肚鸡肠之人视为像乞丐一样的装可怜而博得同情。其实看到这里，突然有一种想哭的感觉。突然就想起了陆游其妻唐婉的《钗头凤》的其中两句：“世情薄，人情恶”。用在这里，再合适不过，真的，谁也不知道，苔丝这个女人，只是舍不得穿那双安奇尔送给她的靴子，却被黛西这种人送给了乞丐。是的，现在她连鞋都没有了，她死在了过去，冻死在了那个名为寒冷的梦里。
曾经发誓一辈子都不会再结婚，可是，爱情却抵不过过去的恶禁。
因为偷食了禁果，所以才进不了天堂。明明都爱着，爱的痛苦，也爱的绝望。
为了丈夫，竟然可以杀死另一个深爱着自己的男人。为了，为了换那短暂五天的幸福。可以道貌岸然的生活在一
起，又可以像没有防备的婴儿一样。可以毫不犹豫的杀死，其实在那一刻，苔丝可能已经恍恍惚惚地认为自己杀死了那不贞的过去。
露其实我感觉是不配苔丝，其实，她虽然和苔丝拥有相像的脸，拥有更纯洁的没有被玷污过的灵魂和躯体，但是她没有心。面对，绝望的苔丝，她可以冷到面无表情，在苔丝被处以绞刑后，却步了苔丝的尘缘，成了克莱尔太太。他们跪在那里，太阳不会怜悯，因为，实在是替不了，也成为不了。就算在堕落，要明白，其实有缺点的人比纯洁的人好的多。
太阳的光芒，还是沉睡在地下的野蛮的穿着武士装的身躯，这是始祖，暴力而又野蛮，数代后，自食恶果，尝到悲惨结局。
走得那么从容，已经看透。因为堕落了，孩子夭折进不了天堂，徘徊在角落。因为堕落了，所以张开了天使的翅膀。
突然，就想到了以前看过的魔鬼的一句话：你终于长出了天使的翅膀。(很美，但忘记是在哪一本书上看到。)
极痛楚，也极残忍，因为是堕落的救赎，所以太容易折断。
看到这句话的时候，竟然不知不觉的湿润了眼眶。
《德伯家的苔丝》是哈代着称于世的“威塞克斯系列”中的一部力作。小说描述了一位纯洁姑娘的不幸命运。主人公苔丝是一位美丽的农家少女，因受东家少爷诱迫而失身怀孕。从此，这一耻辱的事实剥夺了她接受真正爱情的权利，致使新婚之夜遭丈夫遗弃。后来，万般无奈之中，她重回了少爷的怀抱，不料，就在这时她那有名无实的丈夫拖着病驱千里归来，苦苦寻觅。苔丝为了自己真正的爱，毅然杀死同居的少爷，在与丈夫短暂欢聚后，走上了绞刑台。
父亲德伯的愚昧无知，对于金钱的贪婪推使苔丝跌下了社会的的深渊;而亚雷的邪恶无耻则将苔丝少女的所有美好
梦想化为灰烬，促使她遇上了改变她人生的第三件事——与安玑·克莱相爱。而正是这个安玑·克莱，这个有着天使之名的懦弱男人——最终造成了苔丝的悲剧。有人会说安玑·克莱才是真正该批判的人，但是无疑他生活在那个时代，他需要时间来释放自己，不可忽视的是，安玑·克莱是爱苔丝的，至少那爱是真的，而不是像亚雷一样，只有肉欲，把苔丝当做自己的玩偶。所以我认为苔丝的悲剧应该是当时的时代所酿成的，或许在现代社会也会有这样的事情发生，不过对于像苔丝一样的人来说，生存的机会就多了。合上书，我想鞭挞当时的社会，指责亚雷的无耻行径，藐视安玑的懦弱，同情苔丝的悲惨遭遇。
看久了卡通连环画，我想换换口味。于是在书架上拿了一本《德伯家的苔丝》看了起来。
暖人的友情!
喜欢哈代的抒情诗，其中不乏情节生动，语句隽永的作品。《德伯家的苔丝》
是哈代最着名的长篇小说之一。这是个美丽凄凉的爱情故事。当我合上书，苔丝对克莱尔忠贞的爱情故事确实令我感动，但令我温暖的是和苔丝一起挤牛奶的3个可爱少女伊丝、玛丽安与雷蒂。她们也同苔丝一样深深爱着那个英俊少年克莱尔，但也深知克莱尔只爱苔丝，于是就把爱恋深深地埋在心里，而把祝福送给他们。
读到这里我心中一阵激动，我仿佛看到一个高尚的灵魂，左右了她那质朴敦厚的天性，这真是一个真正善良、真心待人的好姑娘呀，真令人感动。在苔丝回到娘家又身无分文时，因为失恋而酗酒的玛丽安又帮她找到了一份工作，使苔丝的生活又有了一丝光亮。在那些阴霾的日子中，温暖着苔丝冰冷的心的依然是这份暖人的友情……
苔丝是不幸的，她的父母为了所谓的家庭荣耀，而让她去攀亲，而毁了自己。她最爱的人又无情地抛弃她，而她又是幸运的，在她短暂的一生中，在她
遭遇爱情抛弃时，不离不弃的是那份温暖的友情。
为这份友情喝彩!
《德伯家的苔丝》是哈代著称于世的“威塞克斯系列”中的一部力作。小说描述了一位纯洁姑娘的不幸命运。主人公苔丝是一位美丽的农家少女，因受东家少爷诱迫而失身怀孕。从此，这一耻辱的事实剥夺了她接受真正爱情的权利，致使新婚之夜遭丈夫遗弃。后来，万般无奈之中，她重回了少爷的怀抱，不料，就在这时她那有名无实的丈夫拖着病驱千里归来，苦苦寻觅。苔丝为了自己真正的爱，毅然杀死同居的少爷，在与丈夫短暂欢聚后，走上了绞刑台。
父亲德伯的愚昧无知，对于金钱的贪婪推使苔丝跌下了社会的的深渊;而亚雷的邪恶无耻则将苔丝少女的所有美好梦想化为灰烬，促使她遇上了改变她人生的第三件事——与安玑·克莱相爱。而正是这个安玑·克莱，这个有着天使之名的懦弱男人——最终造成了苔丝的悲
剧。有人会说安玑·克莱才是真正该批判的人，但是无疑他生活在那个时代，他需要时间来释放自己，不可忽视的是，安玑·克莱是爱苔丝的，至少那爱是真的，而不是像亚雷一
样，只有肉欲，把苔丝当做自己的玩偶。所以我认为苔丝的悲剧应该是当时的时代所酿成的，或许在现代社会也会有这样的事情发生，不过对于像苔丝一样的人来说，生存的机会就多了。合上书，我想鞭挞当时的社会，指责亚雷的无耻行径，藐视安玑的懦弱，同情苔丝的悲惨遭遇。
第一位小作者从这个悲剧的故事中认识到了每个人物的不足，第三位作者也是如此，表达了对当时那个社会的不满。第二位作者虽然也表达了对于悲剧的惋惜以及对于其中人物的痛恨，但是却写出了苔丝与自己朋友之间友谊的真实。
第四篇：德伯家的苔丝读后感
德伯家的苔丝读后感
德伯家的苔丝读后感1
粉红的封面，上面写着一行小字——一个纯洁女人的真实写照，在仍残留着一丝寒意的春夜，读着《苔丝》这个凄婉动人的悲剧故事，让人唏嘘不已。
《德伯维尔家的苔丝》（通常称《苔丝》）是英国著名诗人、小说家托马斯·哈代（1840-1928）的长篇小说，一百多年以来，女主人公苔丝一直是小说中最动人的女性形象，感动着无数的人。
苔丝是一位美丽、善良、勤劳的农村姑娘，然而却屡屡遭受命运的捉弄。在年幼无知时，被纨绔子弟亚历克骗走了贞操，饱受世人非议，而后又与青年克莱尔相爱，却在新婚之夜因为不是处女，而被克莱尔抛弃，后者也远走巴西。为了让一家人生存下去，她再次沦为亚历克的情妇，饱受虐待的苔丝最后杀死了亚历克，自己也付出了生命的代价。
苔丝是美的化身、爱的象征，作者赋予了她美好的品质：心地善良、待人真诚、勤劳俭朴。
她的身上既有女性的温柔，又有男人的坚韧。
她出身贫寒，却有着强烈的责任心，默默为家庭承受着一切。
她是一个大自然孕育的纯洁的女儿，她有着一颗高贵的灵魂。
克莱尔，一个道貌岸然的伪君子，他懦弱又虚伪。正是他的无情抛弃让苔丝堕入深渊，彻底摧毁了她，可以说，他根本不配苔丝的爱。
克莱尔认为苔丝不纯洁，于是抛弃了她。苔丝真的不纯洁吗？面对亚历克的侮辱，她独自走出家门自谋生路，日思夜想着克莱尔能回到她的身边。她对克莱尔的爱是既专一又纯洁，甚至在亚力克用优厚的生活的诱惑下仍然保持独立性。
她是永远爱克莱尔的，爱着他的一切，克莱尔就是她生命的全部。
所以，人的纯洁永远都指灵魂，指的是一个人内心的单纯与善良，只要做到了这一点，她就是纯洁的。
如果说简爱是一种顽强的美，那么苔丝就是那纯洁的美，一颗晶莹剔透的心是上帝赐予苔丝的礼物。
德伯家的苔丝读后感2
在鸟儿甜蜜歌唱的地方也会有毒蛇发出嘶嘶的声音。当大自然的女儿踏入文明的社会后却要面对残酷的生活环境。涉足未深的少女就这样走进了被命运捉弄的漩涡，那样不经意之间，苔丝，德伯家的苔丝就这样丢失了少女的贞操，是谁的错，坚信自己是大家族的德伯沉浸在伯爵的梦想中，是贫穷让他们将所有的人都看作了自己的救世主，轻易相信了冒牌的同姓伯爵亚雷·德伯维尔，也就是这条隐藏的毒蛇侵蚀了苔丝，让她走上了一条绵延崎岖的道路，一条孤独又无助的道路。风雨飘摇过后，太阳不再吝啬对苔丝的眷顾，在挤奶场结识了自己真正的爱人安其尔，可是新婚的夜晚，当苔丝在壁炉前吐出这段悲惨的回忆时，爱人走了，只留下了一个背影，让人心碎，明明相爱，可是仅仅因为那可笑的贞洁，这对爱人就此分道扬镳，即使最后回头，可得到的又是什么呢。
请求的原谅没有回复，家庭的负担让她身不由己，不知觉中又回到了最初的那人身边。即使是作为传道者出现，那又怎样，最终的结局也是给伤害的人又加上了一道伤口，一道致命的伤口。是太多的爱让人丧失了理智，面对失而复回的爱人，让深爱着苔丝如何能够保持理智，面对伤害自己又再次欺骗自己的无耻之徒，这把被仇恨掩盖的爱情之火，怎可不燎原。为爱而拔出的利刃插入恶棍的心脏，结束了这悲惨的束缚，宁愿得到一时的幸福，胜过永远不会停止的悲痛。苔丝最终做出了最大的牺牲，逃生的那段时光相信会是她最幸福的时光，只是和所爱的人牵手，只有无私的爱，别无所想，也别无所求。只求永远相互依偎，简简单单就好。在风神庙外，追捕苔丝的警察却如鬼魅般随着早晨的阳光出现了，就这样，单纯又不幸的苔丝彻底从不公平的命运中解脱了。
人们所谓的正义终于胜利了，上帝主宰的命运终于结束了对苔丝的戏弄。也许只有自己真正的努力才可以将自己从不幸中摆脱，如果自己都不去寻找出口，怎会走出这黑暗的漩涡，如果可以，放手一搏吧，也许得到的会比以前会更多，更好……
德伯家的苔丝读后感3
苔丝是个悲剧式的人物，究竟谁应当为这一悲剧负责呢？恐怕许多读者都会认为，罪魁祸首是恶棍少爷亚雷克。而在我看来，导致这一悲剧起因的固然是亚雷克，但导致悲剧结局的还有苔丝名义上的丈夫克莱尔。亚雷克只是赤裸裸的剥夺了苔丝的贞洁，从肉体上揭开了悲剧的序幕；克莱尔却在新婚之夜抛弃了苔丝，从精神上导致了悲剧的发展，并最终使这场悲剧落下了帏幕。倘若克莱尔没有抛弃苔丝，没有披着那层虚伪的道德面纱，也就不会有这场悲剧的发展与结局。
故事的情节并不复杂：纯朴美丽的农村故娘苔丝来到贵族德伯维尔家当女佣，被恶棍少爷亚雷克诱骗失身怀孕，因而受到邻里的耻笑和指责，从此开始陷入痛苦的深渊。后来苔丝遇到了出身富裕牧师家庭的克莱尔，两人真心相爱。新婚之夜苔丝将自己过去的悲惨遭遇告诉了克莱尔，没想到换来的却是克莱尔的无情离去。苔丝吃尽了难以想象的各种苦头，却没有得到克莱尔的原谅和任何消息。为潦困的生活所迫，绝望中的苔丝再次落入亚雷克手中。此后醒悟了的克莱尔重新找到了苔丝，苔丝追悔莫及。为了与心上的爱人克莱尔生活在一起，苔丝杀死了毁掉自己一生的亚雷克。几天后苔丝被捕，以杀人罪被判处绞刑，克莱尔则遵照苔丝的遗愿，带着她的妹妹丽莎开始了新的生活。
小说中哈代以生动的笔触，深挚的情感塑造出了一个善良美丽的少女苔丝：宛若“一个清新、纯洁的大自然的女儿”，“在气质和体貌两方面都表现出一种尊贵的端庄，俨然是个皇后”，“她周身洋溢着诗意，一举一动都是诗，把诗人只在纸上写写的诗，活生生地显现出来了”。虽然苔丝是个失贞的女人，甚至最后沦为了杀人犯，但作者还是大胆地摒弃了世俗的观念，赞扬她为“一个纯洁的女人”，“远远胜过别的处女的清新”。
德伯家的苔丝读后感4
《德伯家的苔丝》被称为英国文学和世界文学的瑰宝，它出版于十九世纪末，作者是英国伟大的批判现实主义作家，“一个耸立在维多利亚时代和新时代交界线上的忧郁形象”，托马斯哈代。
《苔丝》写的就是社会如何把一个纯洁、质朴、正直、刻苦、聪明、美丽的农村姑娘逼得央走投无路，终于杀人的故事。她以不同的艺术形象成就了一个悲剧，老长老长的故事也因为这个悲剧的成功成为了很多很多很老的人们心中的疼痛。
苔丝具有纯净自然的美，她是大自然的女儿。她的纯洁就像蓝天一样，虽然偶尔会被乌云遮住，可是当乌云散去，世界上最纯净透明的依然是蓝天。
苔丝也是坚强的，乐观的，她的生命却是不可逆转。即使再多给苔丝几次选择吗我相信她最终还是会选择老路，除非安玑克莱没有抛弃她。
苔丝的遭遇折射出许多社会的现实。也许每个读者都能读出这其中深刻的寓意。但是，在当代的生活中，我觉得我们每个人都应该学习苔丝那种保持心灵纯洁，积极面对一切困难的生活态度，即使她绝望过，但是，她最后还是在爱中死去。
当她被亚雷无情地玷污，她毅然决然地选择放弃亚雷提供的优质生活，回到穷困的家中。由此，她坚守自己内心的纯洁可见一斑。
当她知道自己有了亚雷的孩子时，她仍然坚持生下了那个小生命。这是一种源于母性的伟大。她对孩子也只是爱，是一种无怨无悔的深爱。那个时代的她，作为未婚妈妈，她无疑是伟大的。
爱是源于内心最深处，这是一个善良的女人。此书，此人，此事，需要大家去亲自感悟。以上仅为我的拙见。
德伯家的苔丝读后感5
看久了卡通连环画，我想换换口味。于是在书架上拿了一本《德伯家的苔丝》看了起来。
暖人的友情！
喜欢哈代的抒情诗，其中不乏情节生动，语句隽永的作品。《德伯家的苔丝》是哈代最著名的长篇小说之一。这是个美丽凄凉的爱情故事。当我合上书，苔丝对克莱尔忠贞的爱情故事确实令我感动，但令我温暖的是和苔丝一起挤牛奶的3个可爱少女伊丝、玛丽安与雷蒂。她们也同苔丝一样深深爱着那个英俊少年克莱尔，但也深知克莱尔只爱苔丝，于是就把爱恋深深地埋在心里，而把祝福送给他们。我喜欢她们三个的纯洁的友谊和坦率的言行。就是在克莱尔无情地抛弃苔丝时，善良的伊丝也没落井下石，与克莱尔有过一段话：
“你非常非常爱我，伊丝？”克莱尔问到。
“是的我非常爱你，我一直都爱着你！”
“比苔丝更爱我吗？”
“不！”伊丝摇摇头低声说，“不如她爱你！”
“这话怎么说呢？”
“没有人比苔丝更爱你了。”
“因为她可以为你去死，而我无法做的。”
读到这里我心中一阵激动，我仿佛看到一个高尚的灵魂，左右了她那质朴敦厚的天性，这真是一个真正善良、真心待人的好姑娘呀，真令人感动。在苔丝回到娘家又身无分文时，因为失恋而酗酒的玛丽安又帮她找到了一份工作，使苔丝的生活又有了一丝光亮。在那些阴霾的日子中，温暖着苔丝冰冷的心的依然是这份暖人的友情……
苔丝是不幸的，她的父母为了所谓的家庭荣耀，而让她去攀亲，而毁了自己。她最爱的人又无情地抛弃她，而她又是幸运的，在她短暂的一生中，在她遭遇爱情抛弃时，不离不弃的是那份温暖的友情。
为这份友情喝彩！
德伯家的苔丝读后感6
鲁迅先生说，悲剧是将美好的事物毁灭给人看。
苔丝的故事之所以能打动全世界的读者，就在于它描绘了一个追求美好与纯洁爱情的女性的悲剧人生。她的悲剧是命运的悲剧，也是整个社会和时代的悲剧。
哲学家叔本华把悲剧分为三种。第一种是起于邪恶的人物；第二种是起于盲目的命运和偶然的机运；第三种是起于普通的地位对立和相互关系，是一个人所处的社会位置和阶层等特定的、无法变动的客观环境所造成的，不具有偶然性。这三种类型的悲剧都在苔丝身上得到了体现。
首先，恶人造成的悲剧。造成苔丝悲剧的恶人是亚历克，他虚伪而且恶毒，将人间一切丑恶的品质集于一身。他不断地在身体和心灵上摧残着苔丝，将她置于万劫不复之地。
其次，偶然的命运造成的悲剧。父亲喝醉起不了身，苔丝替他去赶集，却撞死了老马，致使全家面临生活危机；结婚的前一天，她将失身的'事写在信中，从门缝塞了进去，却落在了地毯下，致使克莱尔觉得受到了欺骗。后来，苔丝由于生活所迫去见公婆，却在归途中冤家路窄，又遇到了亚历克。当她为了生存与亚历克同居时，克莱尔又来找她，在无比痛苦中，他杀死了亚历克，最后也毁灭了自己。
再次，社会和时代造成的悲剧。苔丝出身卑微，然后又产下了私生子，这不为基督教所容忍，被当时的社会所抛弃，饱受旁人的白眼。克莱尔虽然爱着苔丝，但是得知苔丝的经历后，又离开了她，也是因为他害怕娶这样一个女人被社会排斥。这也是维多利亚时代，一个压抑人性的落后时代，英国愚昧的思想观念，是一个在封建礼教下牺牲的祥林嫂。这这也是叔本华认为的第三种悲剧，最能体现人生的“不幸”，最能阐述人生的本质，是一种“大悲”。这样的悲剧摄人心魄。就像尼采所说：“是一种形而上的慰藉，使我们暂时逃脱世态变迁的纷扰。”
美丽善良的苔丝，败给了世俗偏见，败给了那个愚昧残酷的现实，败给了并不掌握在手上的命运，最后一直被各种力量推倒到悬崖边上，一直到被无情地毁灭。
德伯家的苔丝读后感7
《德伯家的苔丝》中的苔丝是勇敢的，在男权时代，敢于谈论自尊，但面对现实，她无法逃脱命运的道德枷锁，这是一个纯洁女人的悲剧。以下内容是德伯家的苔丝读后感，供各位参考。
《德伯家的苔丝》是一本很好看的小说，它的作者是英国的著名作家哈代。看过之后，这部作品会给我们留下深刻的印象。
面对父亲沉浸与过去的辉煌家族中，面对兄弟姐妹期盼的目光，面对家中唯一的老马死在自己手中的场景，苔丝违背自己不想嫁给富人的原则，开始了她不愿意过的生活，走上了一条足以毁灭她人生的道路。。
纯洁的苔丝像一个无助的小鹿，受到了邪恶的亚雷的侵害，她得到的是人们的冷嘲热讽，承受着别人的鄙视和侮辱。但是，她无时无刻不在渴望着爱情，所以，在安其尔的爱情攻势下，苔丝总是不敢承认自己的过去，这意味着，她在一点一点地靠近她的悲剧。
当时的英国正处于一个充满变化和动荡的时期。苔丝出生在一个农村家庭，作为一个生活在社会底层的劳动者，虽然她美丽、善良、聪明，但是在生活的压力下，她看起来还是那么的渺小。
“思想开明”的克莱尔与苔丝之间的感情脆弱不堪，他用根深蒂固的传统贞操观念来看待一个女人是否贞洁，不把苔丝的无辜放在眼里，亲手将她推入了绝望的境地。当时社会的道德偏见，让苔丝再一次成为资产阶级伦理道德的牺牲品。
从一开始，苔丝的美就不是张扬的，她有一双清澈泛天真的眼睛，却总是流露出坚定、淡漠的神情。苔丝是勇敢的，在男权时代，敢于谈论自尊，在行刑场上的最后一刻，她的冷静吓退了所有的人，但面对现实，她无法逃脱命运的道德枷锁，这是一个纯洁女人的悲剧。
德伯家的苔丝读后感8
《德伯家的苔丝》是哈代著称于世的“威塞克斯系列”中的一部力作。小说描述了一位纯洁姑娘的不幸命运。主人公苔丝是一位美丽的农家少女，因受东家少爷诱迫而失身怀孕。从此，这一耻辱的事实剥夺了她接受真正爱情的权利，致使新婚之夜遭丈夫遗弃。后来，万般无奈之中，她重回了少爷的怀抱，不料，就在这时她那有名无实的丈夫拖着病驱千里归来，苦苦寻觅。苔丝为了自己真正的爱，毅然杀死同居的少爷，在与丈夫短暂欢聚后，走上了绞刑台。
父亲德伯的愚昧无知，对于金钱的贪婪推使苔丝跌下了社会的的深渊；而亚雷的邪恶无耻则将苔丝少女的所有美好梦想化为灰烬，促使她遇上了改变她人生的第三件事——与安玑·克莱相爱。而正是这个安玑·克莱，这个有着天使之名的懦弱男人——最终造成了苔丝的悲剧。有人会说安玑·克莱才是真正该批判的人，但是无疑他生活在那个时代，他需要时间来释放自己，不可忽视的是，安玑·克莱是爱苔丝的，至少那爱是真的，而不是像亚雷一样，只有欲，把苔丝当做自己的玩偶。所以我认为苔丝的悲剧应该是当时的时代所酿成的，或许在现代社会也会有这样的事情发生，不过对于像苔丝一样的人来说，生存的机会就多了。合上书，我想鞭挞当时的社会，指责亚雷的无耻行径，藐视安玑的懦弱，同情苔丝的悲惨遭遇。
第一位小作者从这个悲剧的故事中认识到了每个人物的不足，第三位作者也是如此，表达了对当时那个社会的不满。第二位作者虽然也表达了对于悲剧的惋惜以及对于其中人物的痛恨，但是却写出了苔丝与自己朋友之间友谊的真实。
德伯家的苔丝读后感9
在我所读的书中，有一本是我最喜欢的书，这本书里面的女主人十分漂亮，男主人公十分温柔和体贴，但男二号确是一个花言巧语，十分奸诈的人。这本书就是《德伯家的苔丝》，作者是英国的哈代。
这本书主要讲了：苔丝的父亲听说自己是古代贵族的后裔，便要女儿去一个自称是德伯后裔的富老太婆家攀亲。苔丝到了那儿却被老太婆的儿子亚历克糟蹋了。苔丝在牛奶场做工时与安奇尔相爱。当他把昔日的不幸向丈夫坦白，安奇尔却没有原谅他而是抛下她前往巴西发展。苔丝家里陷入窘境，丈夫沓无音讯，绝望中的她只能被迫和亚历克同居。安奇尔回国来找妻子。但苔丝觉得没有脸面重回丈夫的怀抱，只好杀死了亚力克。与丈夫一起度过了幸福的五天后，苔丝被捕了
当苔丝还是一个什么都不懂的小女孩时，亚历克就把她的一生的幸福给毁了，而亚历克却理由充分的说他这样做是因为他爱苔丝，难道这样也是爱的方法那？他这样的方法只能找来世人的指责、痛恨、羞骂，永远都得不到世人们的认可和祝福。而苔丝呢？她对亚历克只有恨，绝对没有一丝的爱，牵挂，更不要说是怜悯了。安奇尔是一个既温柔又体贴的男人，他不会用花言巧语骗取苔丝的爱，更不会用那种下流的方式得到苔丝。他用自己那持之以恒的精神与爱在一点一点的融化着苔丝的心，并一天一天的用自己的行动感动着苔丝最终获得了苔丝的心。这就是两个人品质的对比，行为的对比，也是结果的对比。苔丝因为被对亚历克的恨冲昏了头脑，蒙撇了双眼，最终在对亚历克的恨和在对安奇尔的爱的两种情绪的交织下杀了亚历克。当他与丈夫安奇尔度过了幸福、快乐、浪漫的五天后便被捕了。在监狱中，她想来想去自己的一生太悲凉了以至使她无法去面对，只好自杀了
苔丝带着遗憾和对丈夫安奇尔的祝福离开了人世。在爱与恨中作出了选择，也付出了代价和失去了幸福。
第五篇：德伯家的苔丝读后感
德伯家的苔丝读后感
德伯家的苔丝读后感1
看久了卡通连环画，我想换换口味。于是在书架上拿了一本《德伯家的苔丝》看了起来。
暖人的友情！
喜欢哈代的抒情诗，其中不乏情节生动，语句隽永的作品。《德伯家的苔丝》是哈代最著名的长篇小说之一。这是个美丽凄凉的感情故事。当我合上书，苔丝对克莱尔忠贞的感情故事确实令我感动，但令我温暖的是和苔丝一齐挤牛奶的3个可爱少女伊丝、玛丽安与雷蒂。她们也同苔丝一样深深爱着那个英俊少年克莱尔，但也深知克莱尔只爱苔丝，于是就把爱恋深深地埋在心里，而把祝福送给他们。我喜欢她们三个的纯洁的`友谊和坦率的言行。就是在克莱尔无情地抛弃苔丝时，善良的伊丝也没落井下石，与克莱尔有过一段话：
“你十分十分爱我，伊丝？”克莱尔问到。
“是的我十分爱你，我一向都爱着你！”
“比苔丝更爱我吗？”
“不！”伊丝摇摇头低声说，“不如她爱你！”
“这话怎样说呢？”
“没有人比苔丝更爱你了。”
“因为她能够为你去死，而我无法做的。”
读到那里我心中一阵激动，我仿佛看到一个高尚的灵魂，左右了她那质朴敦厚的天性，这真是一个真正善良、真心待人的好姑娘呀，真令人感动。在苔丝回到娘家又身无分文时，因为失恋而酗酒的玛丽安又帮她找到了一份工作，使苔丝的生活又有了一丝光亮。在那些阴霾的日子中，温暖着苔丝冰冷的心的依然是这份暖人的友情……
苔丝是不幸的，她的父母为了所谓的家庭荣耀，而让她去攀亲，而毁了自己。她最爱的人又无情地抛弃她，而她又是幸运的，在她短暂的一生中，在她遭遇感情抛弃时，不离不弃的是那份温暖的友情。
为这份友情喝彩！
德伯家的苔丝读后感2
看久了卡通连环画，我想换换口味。于是在书架上拿了一本《德伯家的苔丝》看了起来。
暖人的友情！
喜欢哈代的抒情诗，其中不乏情节生动，语句隽永的作品。《德伯家的苔丝》是哈代最著名的长篇小说之一。这是个美丽凄凉的爱情故事。当我合上书，苔丝对克莱尔忠贞的爱情故事确实令我感动，但令我温暖的是和苔丝一起挤牛奶的3个可爱少女伊丝、玛丽安与雷蒂。她们也同苔丝一样深深爱着那个英俊少年克莱尔，但也深知克莱尔只爱苔丝，于是就把爱恋深深地埋在心里，而把祝福送给他们。我喜欢她们三个的纯洁的友谊和坦率的言行。就是在克莱尔无情地抛弃苔丝时，善良的伊丝也没落井下石，与克莱尔有过一段话：
“你非常非常爱我，伊丝？”克莱尔问到。
“是的我非常爱你，我一直都爱着你！”
“比苔丝更爱我吗？”
“不！”伊丝摇摇头低声说，“不如她爱你！”
“这话怎么说呢？”
“没有人比苔丝更爱你了。”
“因为她可以为你去死，而我无法做的。”
读到这里我心中一阵激动，我仿佛看到一个高尚的灵魂，左右了她那质朴敦厚的天性，这真是一个真正善良、真心待人的好姑娘呀，真令人感动。在苔丝回到娘家又身无分文时，因为失恋而酗酒的玛丽安又帮她找到了一份工作，使苔丝的生活又有了一丝光亮。在那些阴霾的日子中，温暖着苔丝冰冷的心的'依然是这份暖人的友情……
苔丝是不幸的，她的父母为了所谓的家庭荣耀，而让她去攀亲，而毁了自己。她最爱的人又无情地抛弃她，而她又是幸运的，在她短暂的一生中，在她遭遇爱情抛弃时，不离不弃的是那份温暖的友情。
为这份友情喝彩！
德伯家的苔丝读后感3
《德伯家的苔丝》中的苔丝是勇敢的，在男权时代，敢于谈论自尊，但面对现实，她无法逃脱命运的道德枷锁，这是一个纯洁女人的悲剧。以下内容是德伯家的苔丝读后感，供各位参考。
《德伯家的苔丝》是一本很好看的小说，它的作者是英国的著名作家哈代。看过之后，这部作品会给我们留下深刻的印象。
面对父亲沉浸与过去的辉煌家族中，面对兄弟姐妹期盼的目光，面对家中唯一的老马死在自己手中的场景，苔丝违背自己不想嫁给富人的原则，开始了她不愿意过的生活，走上了一条足以毁灭她人生的道路。。
纯洁的苔丝像一个无助的小鹿，受到了邪恶的亚雷的侵害，她得到的是人们的冷嘲热讽，承受着别人的鄙视和侮辱。但是，她无时无刻不在渴望着爱情，所以，在安其尔的爱情攻势下，苔丝总是不敢承认自己的过去，这意味着，她在一点一点地靠近她的悲剧。
当时的英国正处于一个充满变化和动荡的时期。苔丝出生在一个农村家庭，作为一个生活在社会底层的劳动者，虽然她美丽、善良、聪明，但是在生活的压力下，她看起来还是那么的渺小。
“思想开明”的克莱尔与苔丝之间的感情脆弱不堪，他用根深蒂固的传统贞操观念来看待一个女人是否贞洁，不把苔丝的'无辜放在眼里，亲手将她推入了绝望的境地。当时社会的道德偏见，让苔丝再一次成为资产阶级伦理道德的牺牲品。
从一开始，苔丝的美就不是张扬的，她有一双清澈泛天真的眼睛，却总是流露出坚定、淡漠的神情。苔丝是勇敢的，在男权时代，敢于谈论自尊，在行刑场上的最后一刻，她的冷静吓退了所有的人，但面对现实，她无法逃脱命运的道德枷锁，这是一个纯洁女人的悲剧。
德伯家的苔丝读后感4
这是我第二次看《苔丝》，看着的时候，自己有点愤怒，怎么能是这样的呢？不同社会，不同东西，不同结果。
一个那么好的姑娘就这样被这个社会玷污了，碰到了错的人，家庭的原因，让她没能看清这个社会的样子，不知是否相信那些关心她的人，人的诱惑也是一样的，凭什么男女之间是那么的不公平哈。是女的真的就那么珍贵吗？
苔丝，从你身上我看到了，你的宽恕，你的谅解，你对爱的坚持，你一直在追求着自己的真爱，过程是艰辛的，但是结局有点美好。有点讨厌安奇，明明那么爱苔丝，就因为她被世俗给污染了，你对她冷冰冰的`，都不给人家机会，嘴上说可以宽恕人家，结果类。还不如对苔丝狠点呢，就不要有那么多的依赖了，就不会抱有那么多的希望了。可能还会有另一种结局。
突然发现，无论是爱还是被爱，都是一种悲剧了。被一个你不爱的人爱上，他有那么固执，那么庸俗，像个流氓，和你说话带着有点调戏的感觉，对你肉体上总是占有欲的，真是想想都觉得可怕，又因为某种原因，不能摆脱他，哎，怎一个悲剧呢？爱上一个你爱的人，他曾经和你说，无论做了什么错事，他都会原谅你的，但是，绝对不可能的，这种情况实现的几率不大，自己还是看着办吧，不是什么事都可以那么坦白的。最可靠的人就是自己了。
德伯家的苔丝读后感5
《德伯家的苔丝》是哈代着称于世的“威塞克斯系列”中的一部力作。小说描述了一位纯洁姑娘的不幸命运。主人公苔丝是一位美丽的农家少女，因受东家少爷诱迫而失身怀孕。从此，这一耻辱的事实剥夺了她理解真正感情的权利，致使新婚之夜遭丈夫遗弃。之后，万般无奈之中，她重回了少爷的怀抱，不料，就在这时她那有名无实的丈夫拖着病驱千里归来，苦苦寻觅。苔丝为了自己真正的爱，毅然杀死同居的少爷，在与丈夫短暂欢聚后，走上了绞刑台。
父亲德伯的愚昧无知，对于金钱的贪婪推使苔丝跌下了社会的的深渊；而亚雷的邪恶无耻则将苔丝少女的所有完美梦想化为灰烬，促使她遇上了改变她人生的第三件事——与安玑·克莱相爱。而正是这个安玑·克莱，这个有着天使之名的懦弱男人——最终造成了苔丝的杯具。有人会说安玑·克莱才是真正该批判的人，但是无疑他生活在那个时代，他需要时间来释放自己，不可忽视的'是，安玑·克莱是爱苔丝的，至少那爱是真的，而不是像亚雷一样，把苔丝当做自己的玩偶。所以我认为苔丝的杯具就应是当时的时代所酿成的，或许在现代社会也会有这样的事情发生，但是对于像苔丝一样的人来说，生存的机会就多了。合上书，我想鞭挞当时的社会，指责亚雷的无耻行径，藐视安玑的懦弱，同情苔丝的悲惨遭遇。
德伯家的苔丝读后感6
《德伯家的苔丝》是哈代著称于世的“威塞克斯系列”中的一部力作。小说描述了一位纯洁姑娘的不幸命运。主人公苔丝是一位美丽的农家少女，因受东家少爷诱迫而失身怀孕。从此，这一耻辱的事实剥夺了她接受真正爱情的权利，致使新婚之夜遭丈夫遗弃。后来，万般无奈之中，她重回了少爷的怀抱，不料，就在这时她那有名无实的丈夫拖着病驱千里归来，苦苦寻觅。苔丝为了自己真正的爱，毅然杀死同居的少爷，在与丈夫短暂欢聚后，走上了绞刑台。
父亲德伯的愚昧无知，对于金钱的贪婪推使苔丝跌下了社会的的深渊；而亚雷的邪恶无耻则将苔丝少女的所有美好梦想化为灰烬，促使她遇上了改变她人生的第三件事——与安玑·克莱相爱。而正是这个安玑·克莱，这个有着天使之名的懦弱男人——最终造成了苔丝的悲剧。有人会说安玑·克莱才是真正该批判的人，但是无疑他生活在那个时代，他需要时间来释放自己，不可忽视的是，安玑·克莱是爱苔丝的，至少那爱是真的，而不是像亚雷一样，只有欲，把苔丝当做自己的玩偶。所以我认为苔丝的悲剧应该是当时的时代所酿成的'，或许在现代社会也会有这样的事情发生，不过对于像苔丝一样的人来说，生存的机会就多了。合上书，我想鞭挞当时的社会，指责亚雷的无耻行径，藐视安玑的懦弱，同情苔丝的悲惨遭遇。
第一位小作者从这个悲剧的故事中认识到了每个人物的不足，第三位作者也是如此，表达了对当时那个社会的不满。第二位作者虽然也表达了对于悲剧的惋惜以及对于其中人物的痛恨，但是却写出了苔丝与自己朋友之间友谊的真实。
德伯家的苔丝读后感7
《德伯家的苔丝》被称为英国文学和世界文学的瑰宝，它出版于十九世纪末，作者是英国伟大的批判现实主义作家，“一个耸立在维多利亚时代和新时代交界线上的忧郁形象”，托马斯哈代。
《苔丝》写的就是社会如何把一个纯洁、质朴、正直、刻苦、聪明、美丽的农村姑娘逼得央走投无路，终于杀人的故事。她以不同的艺术形象成就了一个悲剧，老长老长的故事也因为这个悲剧的成功成为了很多很多很老的.人们心中的疼痛。
苔丝具有纯净自然的美，她是大自然的女儿。她的纯洁就像蓝天一样，虽然偶尔会被乌云遮住，可是当乌云散去，世界上最纯净透明的依然是蓝天。
苔丝也是坚强的，乐观的，她的生命却是不可逆转。即使再多给苔丝几次选择吗我相信她最终还是会选择老路，除非安玑克莱没有抛弃她。
苔丝的遭遇折射出许多社会的现实。也许每个读者都能读出这其中深刻的寓意。但是，在当代的生活中，我觉得我们每个人都应该学习苔丝那种保持心灵纯洁，积极面对一切困难的生活态度，即使她绝望过，但是，她最后还是在爱中死去。
当她被亚雷无情地玷污，她毅然决然地选择放弃亚雷提供的优质生活，回到穷困的家中。由此，她坚守自己内心的纯洁可见一斑。
当她知道自己有了亚雷的孩子时，她仍然坚持生下了那个小生命。这是一种源于母性的伟大。她对孩子也只是爱，是一种无怨无悔的深爱。那个时代的她，作为未婚妈妈，她无疑是伟大的。
爱是源于内心最深处，这是一个善良的女人。此书，此人，此事，需要大家去亲自感悟。以上仅为我的拙见。
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