第一篇：奥运会各项运动名称
奥运会各项运动名称
Aquaticsthe British 4 x 100 relay team won gold.ArcheryJesse Owens broke five world records and equalled a sixth in the space of 45 minutes in Berlin in 1936.BadmintonCatchers needs more protection than the players because the balls they catch can travel as fast as 100 mph.BasketballThe quickest Olympic knockout was 15 secondsCanoeing is one of the oldest forms of human transportation.The earliest canoes were constructed from animal skins and tree bark.CyclingReiner Klimke, from Germany, is the most successful ever Olympic rider.He made his Olympic debut in 1960 and won six gold and two bronze medals in individual and team events between 1964 and 1988.FencingThe roots of a similar game to football can be found in ancient China, Greece and Rome.But the modern game of football started with the creation of the Football Association of England in 1863.GymnasticsPlayers are limited to moving three steps before passing the ball to a team-mate, unless they dribble with the ball by bouncing it.HockeyThe host country is allowed to add one sport and, in 1964 when the games were in held in Tokyo, Japan chose judo.Modern PentathlonThe Briton, Sir Steve Redgrave, won a record of five rowing golds from 1984 to 2000.SailingAfter a faulty grenade exploded in Karoly Takacs’s right hand, he taught himself to shoot left-handed and won gold in the rapid-fire pistol in London in 1948.SoftballThe names of some shots in table tennis reveal the game's aggressive and competitive natureAfter being a demonstration sport in the 1988 and 1992 Olympics, taekwondo became an official medal sport in the 2000 Olympics in Sydney.TennisTriathlon involves at least two hours of swimming, cycling and running.Appropriately, the man who set up the first competition for this punishing sport was called Dave Pain.VolleyballNaim Suleymanoglu, the Bulgarian-born Turk was one of the most celebrated lifters and Olympians.He weighed less than 64 kg but could lift almost three times his body weight.Wrestling-A 1912 bout between Estonia’s Martin Klein and Finland’s Alfred Asikainen lasted for 11 hours and 40 minutes.Klein eventually won, but was too tired to compete in the final.
第二篇：运动名称
kipping rope 跳绳
jogging 慢跑
running 跑步
long jump 跳远
high jump 跳高
table tennis 乒乓球
badminton 羽毛球
tennis 网球
football/soccer 足球
basketball 篮球
surfing 冲浪
skiing 滑冰
wind surf 风帆
swimming 游泳
taichi 太极拳
boating 划船
Suspension loop 吊环
The stay rod jumps 撑杆跳
Hockey 曲棍球
Ice hockey 冰球
Tennis 网球
Athletics 竞技
Swimming 游泳
Individual Sports 体育项目
Football 足球
Games and Competitions 球类运动
Baseball & Softball 棒球和垒球
Water Sports 水上运动
Wrestling 搏击类竞技
Bicycles and Motorcycles 自行车和摩托
Basketball 篮球
Riding and Horse Races 赛马
Boxing 拳击
manager 经纪人
instructor 教练,技术指导
guide 领队
trainer 助理教练
referee, umpire(网球.棒球)裁判
linesman, touch judge(橄榄球)裁判
contestant, competitor, player 运动员
professional 职业运动员
amateur 业余运动员,爱好者
enthusiast, fan 迷,爱好者
favourite 可望取胜者(美作:favorite)outsider 无取胜希望者
championship 冠军赛,锦标赛
champion 冠军
record 纪录
record holder 纪录创造者
ace 网球赛中的一分
Olympic Games, Olympics 奥林匹克运动会
Winter Olympics 冬季奥林匹克运动会
stadium 运动场
track 跑道
ring 圈
ground, field 场地
pitch(足球、橄榄球)场地
court 网球场
team, side 队
竞技性运动competitive sport
用粉笔记下（分数等）；达到，得到 chalk up 出名 make one's mark 体育项目（尤指重要比赛）event 体育 PE(Physical Education)体格、体质 physique 培训 groom 余的，带零头的 odd 年少者 junior
残疾人 the handicapped/disabled 学龄前儿童 preschool 全体；普通；一般 at large 平均寿命 life expectancy 复兴 revitalize
使有系统；整理 systemize 历史悠久的 time-honored 跳板 spring-board 秋千 swing 石弓，弩 crossbow（比赛等的）观众 spectator 取得进展 make headway
体育大国/强国 sporting/sports power 武术 martial arts
五禽戏 five-animal exercises 体育运动 physical culture and sports 增强体质 to strengthen one's physique 可喜的，令人满意的 gratifying 称号，绰号 label
涌现出来 to come to the fore 源源不断 a steady flow of 队伍 contingent
又红又专/思想好，业务精 to be both socialist-minded and vocationally proficient 体育界 sports circle(s)
承担义务 to undertake obligation 黑马 dark horse
冷门 an unexpected winner;dark horse 爆冷门 to produce an unexpected winner 发展体育运动，增强人民体质 Promote physical culture and build up the people's health
锻炼身体，保卫祖国 Build up a good physique to defend the country
为祖国争光 to win honors for the motherland 胜不骄，败不馁
Do not become cocky/be dizzy with success, nor downcast over/discouraged by defeat.体育道德 sportsmanship
打出水平，打出风格 up to one's best level in skill and style of play 竞技状态好 in good form 失常 to lose one's usual form 比分领先 to outscore
打成平局 to draw/to tie/to play even/to level the score 失利 to lose
中华人民共和国运动委员会（国家体委）
Physical Culture and Sports Commission of the PRC(State Physical Culture and Sports Commission)
中华全国体育总会 All-China Sports Federation
国际奥林匹克委员会 International Olympic Committee
少年业余体育学校 youth spare-time sports school, youth amateur athletic school 辅导站 coaching center 体育中心 sports center/complex 竞赛信息中心 competition information center
运动会 sports meet;athletic meeting;games 全国运动会 National Games
世界大学生运动会 World University Games;Universiade
比赛地点 competition/sports venue(s)国际比赛 international tournament 邀请赛 invitational/invitational tournament 锦标赛 championship 东道国 host country/nation 体育场 stadium;sports field/ground 体育馆 gymnasium, gym;indoor stadium 比赛场馆 competition gymnasiums and stadiums
练习场馆 training gymnasiums
操场 playground;sports ground;drill ground 体育活动 sports/sporting activities 体育锻炼 physical training
体育锻炼标准 standard for physical training 体育疗法 physical exercise therapy;sports therapy
广播操 setting-up exercises to music 课/工间操 physical exercises during breaks 体育工作者 physical culture workers, sports organizer
运动爱好者 sports fan/enthusiast 观众 spectator 啦啦队 cheering-section 啦啦队长 cheer-leader 国家队 national team 种子队 seeded team 主队 home team 客队 visiting team 教练员 coach 裁判员 referee, umpire 裁判长 chief referee 团体项目 team event
项 individual event 男子项目 men's event 女子项目 women's event 冠军 champion;gold medalist 全能冠军 all-round champion 亚军 running-up;second;silver medalist
第三名 third;bronze medalist 世界纪录保持者 world-record holder 运动员 athlete;sportsman 种子选手 seeded player;seed 优秀选手 top-ranking/topnotch athlete 田径运动 track and field;athletics 田赛 field events 竞赛 track events 跳高 high jump 撑杆跳高 pole jump;polevault 跳远 long/broad jump 三级跳远 hop, step and jump;triple jump 标枪 javelin throw 铅球 shot put 铁饼 discus throw 链球 hammer throw 马拉松赛跑 Marathon(race)
接
力
relay race;relay
跨
栏
比赛 hurdles;hurdle race 竞走 walking;walking race 体操 gymnastics 自由体操 floor/free exercises 技巧运动 acrobatic gymnastics 垫上运动 mat exercises 单杠 horizontal bar 双杠 parallel bars 高低杠 uneven bars;high-low bars 吊环 rings 跳马 vaulting horse 鞍马 pommel horse平衡木 balance beam 球类运动 ball games 足球 football;soccer 足球场 field;pitch 篮球 basketball 篮球场 basketball court 排球 volleyball 乒乓球 table tennis;ping pong 乒乓球拍 racket;bat 羽毛球运动 badminton 羽毛球 shuttlecock;shuttle 球拍 racket 网球 tennis 棒球 baseball 垒球 softball 棒/垒球场 baseball(soft ball)field/ground 手球 handball 手球场 handball field 曲棍球 hockey;field hockey 冰上运动 ice sports 冰球运动 ice hockey 冰球场 rink 冰球 puck;rubber 速度滑冰 speed skating 花样滑冰 figure skating 冰场 skating rink;ice rink 人工冰场 artificial ice stadium 滑雪 skiing 速度滑雪 cross country ski racing 高山滑雪 alpine skiing 水上运动 water/acquatic sports 水上运动中心 aquatic sports center 水球（运动）water polo 水球场 playing pool 滑水 water-skiing 冲浪 surfing 游泳 swimming 游泳池 swimming pool 游泳馆 natatorium 自由泳 freestyle;crawl(stroke)蛙泳 breaststroke 侧泳 sidestroke 蝶泳 butterfly(stroke)海豚式 dolphin stroke/kick 蹼泳 fin swimming 跳水 diving 跳台跳水 platform diving 跳板跳水 springboard divi
第三篇：奥运会工作总结
北 京 夏 季 奥 运 会 工 作 总 结
我进入奥组委IBC运行团队（以下简称“团队”）后，被分配到物流业务口参与奥运会运行工作。主要从事IBC赛时物资集中采购、物资接收、建立物资出入库台帐以及指导其它业务口进行分散物资采购的工作，同时参与物资配送、落位等物流业务口其它的各项工作。2008年8月24日本届奥运会已经圆满落下帷幕，我现就前一阶段的工作做如下总结。
在物资采购、物资接收及建立相应物资出入库台帐方面，我自进入团队物流业务口工作至今，根据团队需求，遵循奥组委及团队制订的相关物资采购方面的规章制度，在各级领导的正确领导下，按时完成了包括采购团队运行所需的空调、冰箱、办公家具、大堂沙发、值班人员生活用品等多项物资集中采购工作，完成了指导技术、大堂、医疗、形象景观、市场开发、办公室、安保、消防、环境、玲珑塔等业务口各自的分散物资采购工作，同时对每项集中采购物资和分散采购物资办理了出入库手续并建立了物资出入库台帐。与此同时，我分别会同技术、人事、志愿者等业务口完成了大量的技术物资、人员装备（服装等）接收工作。
在物资配送及落位方面，我根据领导发出的工作指令和负责物资配送及落位的同事们一起，顺利完成了4月份团队办公物资的集中移入及分配、落位工作，完成了在团队运行期间个业务口的临时配送及落位工作。
通过前一阶段的工作，我深刻体会到我们团队领导身先士卒的工作态度和夜以继日的工作作风，团队成员高涨的工作热情和工作积极性，认真严谨的工作态度和工作作风。我想这正是我们团队能够顺利完成奥运期间IBC运行保障工作的坚实基础和有力保障。同时，我认识到奥运保障工作重要性突出、涉及业务口多、随机性强，每项工作的顺利完成都需要相关部门密切配合，沟通的及时性及信息的对等就显得尤为重要，我将在今后的工作中更加注重和其它业务口的及时沟通，以作到信息对等及时，为今后的工作能够更加顺利地完成做好准备。
在转换期和残奥会期间，在团队领导的正确领导下，我将更加努力的工作，和同事们一道为团队的运行保障工作贡献自己最大的力量。
团队物流业务口：董飞
2008-8-27
第四篇：北京奥运会资料与运动Olympic_Games
北京奥运会
奥运会Olympic Games 奥运会选拔赛Olympic trial
国际奥委会International Olympic Committee 奥运会会歌Olympic Anthem 奥运火炬Olympic torch
奥运会代表团Olympic delegation 奥运村Olympic village
组委会organization committee 开幕式opening ceremony 闭幕式closing ceremony 吉祥物mascot 颁奖台podium 其次，我们通过一些句子来增强对奥运会的了解。
The international Olympic Committee constituted itself on 23rd June 1894.国际奥委会于1894年6月23日成立。
he Olympic symbol, the five interlocking rings, represents the union of the five continents and the meeting of the athletes of the world at the Olympic Games.奥林匹克的标志是五个相连的圆环，它代表着五大洲的团结和全世界运动员在奥运会上相聚一堂。
The official languages of the IOC are French and English.国际奥委会的官方语言是法语和英语。
The Olympic flame is a symbol reminiscent of the ancient Olympic Games.奥运圣火是人们缅怀古代奥运会的象征。
The Olympic Games consist of the Games of the Olympiad and the Olympic Winter Games.Both take place every four years.奥运会包括夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会，它们都是每四年举办一次。
The Olympic Games shall be proclaimed open by the Head of State of the host country.奥运会由东道国国家元首宣布开幕。
The delegation parade in alphabetical order according to the language of the host country, except for Greece, which leads the parade, and for the host country which brings up the rear.代表团按东道国语言文字的字母顺序入场。希腊和东道国例外，希腊代表团第一个入场，东道国代表团最后一个入场。
Olympic Games projects
In 2008 Beijing Olympics, this event is of the: big projects, and sub-subparagraph.And the Athens Olympic Games, Beijing Olympic Games is a major event 28, 28: track and field, rowing, badminton, softball, basketball, football, boxing, canoeing, cycling, fencing, gymnastics, weightlifting, handball, Hockey, judo, wrestling, water projects, modern pentathlon, baseball, equestrian, taekwondo, tennis, table tennis, shooting, archery, triathlon, sailing and windsurfing volleyball.The breakdown of some items did not, is the largest sub-water projects, including swimming, synchronized swimming, water polo and diving four sub-item.Although there is no breakdown of track and field, there are 46 Xiao Xiang, Xiao Xiang 24 men, 22 women Xiao Xiang, the Olympic Games is the largest project in the gold medal.This was followed by swimming, although no breakdown, but there were 32 small items, the 16 men and women.International Olympic Committee President Jacques Rogge said that as a martial arts competition will appear in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, its full title is “2008 Beijing Olympic Games Wushu Competition.” Olympic mascots
Fuwa Beijing in 2008 is the 29th session of the Olympic Games mascot, colors and inspiration from the Olympic rings, from China's vast land of mountains, rivers, lakes and sea-people image of favorite animal.Fuwa to children around the world convey friendship, peace, entrepreneurial spirit and harmony between man and nature of a desire.Fuwa is the closest five lovely small partner, and their integration into the shape of the fish, panda, the Olympic flame, Tibetan antelope and the swallow's image.Each doll has a Lang Lang missing you name: “Babe,” “Jingjing,” “Huanhuan,” “Yingying” and “Nini”, in China, Permian Yinming Word is like the children of a traditional way.When the names of the five children together, you will read out Beijing in the world for his kind invitation “Beijing welcomes you.”
Fuwa on behalf of the Chinese people's dream and desire.Their prototype contains a headdress and with the sea, forest, fire, earth and air links, its image of the traditional Chinese art performance, has demonstrated China's splendid culture.奥运会的项目
在2008年北京奥运会上，比赛项目是这样划分的：大项、分项和小项。
与雅典奥运会一样，北京奥运会的比赛项目是大项28项，这28项为：田径、赛艇、羽毛球、垒球、篮球、足球、拳击、皮划艇、自行车、击剑、体操、举重、手球、曲棍球、柔道、摔跤、水上项目、现代五项、棒球、马术、跆拳道、网球、乒乓球、射击、射箭、铁人三项、帆船帆板和排球。
其中，有些项目没有分项，分项最多的是水上项目，包括了游泳、花样游泳、水球和跳水4个分项。田径虽然没有分项，却有46个小项，其中男子24个小项，女子22个小项，是奥运会项目中金牌最多的。其次是游泳，虽然没有分项，但是有32个小项，男女各16项。
国际奥委会主席罗格说，武术将作为比赛项目出现在2008年北京奥运会上，其全称是“北京2008奥运会武术比赛”。
奥运会吉祥物
福娃是北京2008年第29届奥运会吉祥物，其色彩与灵感来源于奥林匹克五环、来源于中国辽阔的山川大地、江河湖海和人们喜爱的动物形象。福娃向世界各地的孩子们传递友谊、和平、积极进取的精神和人与自然和谐相处的美好愿望。
福娃是五个可爱的亲密小伙伴，他们的造型融入了鱼、大熊猫、奥林匹克圣火、藏羚羊以及燕子的形象。每个娃娃都有一个琅琅上口的名字:“贝贝”、“晶晶”、“欢欢”、“迎迎”和“妮妮”，在中国，叠音名
字是对孩子表达喜爱的一种传统方式。当把五个娃娃的名字连在一起，你会读出北京对世界的盛情邀请“北京欢迎您”。
福娃代表了梦想以及中国人民的渴望。他们的原型和头饰蕴含着其与海洋、森林、火、大地和天空的联系，其形象设计应用了中国传统艺术的表现方式，展现了中国的灿烂文化
Olympic Games
The Olympic Games is an international multi-sport event subdivided into summer and winter sporting events.The summer and winter games are each held every four years.Until 1992, they were held in the same year.Since then, they have been celebrated two years apart.The original Olympic Games began in 776 BC in Olympia, Greece, and was celebrated until AD 393.Interest in reviving the Olympic Games proper was first shown by the Greek poet and newspaper editor Panagiotis Soutsos in his poetry “Dialogue of the Dead” in 1833.Evangelos Zappas sponsored the first modern international Olympic Games in 1859.He paid for the refurbishment of the Panathinaiko Stadium for Games held there in 1870 and 1875.This was noted in newspapers and publications around the world including the London Review, which stated that “the Olympian Games, discontinued for centuries, have recently been revived!Here is strange news indeed...the classical games of antiquity were revived near Athens”.The International Olympic Committee was founded with the initiative of a French nobleman in 1894, Pierre Frédy, Baron de Coubertin.The first of the IOC's Olympic Games were the 1896 Summer Olympics, held in Athens, Greece.Participation in the Olympic Games has increased to include athletes from nearly all nations worldwide.With the improvement of satellite communications and global telecasts of the events, the Olympics are consistently gaining supporters.The most recent Summer Olympics were the 2004 Games in Athens and the most recent Winter Olympics were the 2006 Games in Turin.The upcoming games in Beijing are planned to comprise 302 events in 28 sports.As of 2006, the Winter Olympics were competed in 84 events in 7 sports.奥林匹克运动会（希腊语：Ολυμπιακοί Αγώνες，简称奥运会或奥运）是国际奥林匹克委员会主办的包含多种体育运动项目的国际性运动会，每四年举行一次。奥林匹克运动会最早起源于古希腊，因举办地在奥林匹亚而得名。19世纪末由法国的顾拜旦男爵创立了真正意义上的现代奥林匹克运动会。从1896年开始奥林匹克运动会每四年就举办一次（曾在两次世界大战中中断过三次，分别是在西元1916、1940和1944年），会期不超过16天。由于1924年开始设立了冬季奥林匹克运动会，因此奥林匹克运动会习惯上又称为“夏季奥林匹克运动会”。奥林匹克运动会现在已经成为了和平与友谊的象征。
Performers hold pictures of multi-ethnic children during the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games in Beijing on August 8, 2008.The three-hour show at Beijing's iconic “Bird's Nest” national stadium is set to see more than 15,000 performers showcase the nation's ancient history and its rise as a modern power.[Agencies]
Children wave a large drawing during the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games in Beijing on August 8, 2008.The three-hour show at Beijing's iconic “Bird's Nest” national stadium is set to see more than 15,000 performers showcase the nation's ancient history.[Agencies]
Performers hold pictures of multi-ethnic children during the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games in Beijing on August 8, 2008.[Xinhua]
Artists perform.during the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games in Beijing on August 8, 2008.The three-hour show at Beijing's iconic “Bird's Nest” national stadium is set to see more than 15,000 performers showcase the nation's ancient history.[Agencies]
Performers dance around a globe with images of Olympic athletes during the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games in Beijing on August 8, 2008.The three-hour show at Beijing's iconic “Bird's Nest” national stadium is set to see more than 15,000 performers showcase the nation's ancient history.[Agencies]
Participants take part in the opening ceremony of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games at the National Stadium August 8, 2008.The stadium is also known as the Bird's Nest.[Agencies]
Actors perform.at the opening ceremony of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games at the National Stadium August 8, 2008.The stadium is also known as the Bird's Nest.[Agencies]
Lang Lang performs during the opening ceremony of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games at the National Stadium August 8, 2008.The stadium is also known as the Bird's Nest.[Agencies]
Karate performers during the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games in Beijing on August 8, 2008.The three-hour show at Beijing's iconic “Bird's Nest” national stadium is set to see more than 15,000 performers showcase the nation's ancient history.[Agencies]
Entertainers perform.around a scroll during the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games in Beijing on August 8, 2008.The three-hour show at Beijing's iconic “Bird's Nest” national stadium is set to see more than 15,000 performers showcase the nation's ancient history.History of the Olympic Games Ancient Olympic Games
Chronology of athletic events added to the Olympic Games Myths and the Olympic Games Pelops myth Hercules myth
The Importance of the Olympic Games The Importance of Ancient Greek Athletics
The Religious Aspects of the Ancient Olympic Games The Olympic Games and the Greek Calendar The Sacred Truce The internationalization of the Olympic Games Modern Olympic Games
Highlights of Modern Olympic Games International Olympic Committee Official Olympic Anthem(Greek & English)Host Cities of Olympic Games
Sydney for Olympic Games of 2000 Athens for Olympic Games of 2004
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Ancient Olympic Games
The Olympic Games begun at Olympia in Greece in 776 BC.The Greek calendar was based on the Olympiad, the four-year period between games.The games were staged in the wooded valley of Olympia in Elis.Here the Greeks erected statues and built temples in a grove dedicated to Zeus, supreme among the gods.The greatest shrine was an ivory and gold statue of Zeus.Created by the sculptor Phidias, it was considered one of the Seven Wonders of the World.Scholars have speculated that the games in 776 BC were not the first games, but rather the first games held after they were organized into festivals held every four years as a result of a peace agreement between the city-states of Elis and Pisa.The Eleans traced the founding of the Olympic games to their King Iphitos, who was told by the Delphi Oracle to plant the olive tree from which the victors' wreaths were made.According to Hippias of Elis, who compiled a list of Olympic victors c.400 BC, at first the only Olympic event was a 200-yard dash, called a stadium.This was the only event until 724 BC, when a two-stadia race was added.Two years later the 24-stadia event began, and in 708 the pentathlon was added and wrestling became part of the games.This pentathlon, a five-event match consisted of running, wrestling, leaping, throwing the discus, and hurling the javelin.In time boxing, a chariot race, and other events were included.The victors of these early games were crowned with wreaths from a sacred olive tree that grew behind the temple of Zeus.According to tradition this tree was planted by Hercules(Heracles), founder of the games.The winners marched around the grove to the accompaniment of a flute while admirers chanted songs written by a prominent poet.The Olympic Games were held without interruptions in ancient Greece.The games were even held in 480 BC during the Persian Wars, and coincided with the Battle of Thermopylae.Although the Olympic games were never suspended, the games of 364 BC were not considered Olympic since the Arkadians had captured the sanctuary and reorganized the games.After the Battle of Chaironeia in 338 BC, Philip of Makedon and his son Alexander gained control over the Greek city-states.They erected the Philippeion(a family memorial)in the sanctuary, and held political meetings at Olympia during each Olympiad.In 146 BC, the Romans gained control of Greece and, therefore, of the Olympic games.In 85 BC, the Roman general Sulla plundered the sanctuary to finance his campaign against Mithridates.Sulla also moved the 175th Olympiad(80 BC)to Rome.The games were held every four years from 776 BC to 393 AD, when they were abolished by the Christian Byzantine Emperor Theodosius I.The ancient Olympic Games lasted for 1170 years.The successful campaign to revive the Olympics was started in France by Baron Pierre de Coubertin late in the 19th century.The first of the modern Summer Games opened on Sunday, March 24, 1896, in Athens, Greece.The first race was won by an American college student named James Connolly.Chronology of athletic events added to the Olympic Games
According to the tradition of Hippias of Elis ca.400 BC, the events of the Olympic Games were added to the program in the following order.Myths and the Olympic Games Pelops myth
There are several Greek myths about how the games were started.The most common myth was the story of the hero Pelops, after whom the Peloponnese is named(“Pelops’ isle”).The story of Pelops was displayed prominently on the east pedimental sculptures of the Temple of Zeus.Pelops was a prince from Lydia in Asia Minor who sought the hand of Hippodamia, the daughter of King Oinomaos of Pisa.Oinomaos challenged his daughter's suitors to a chariot race under the guarantee that any young man who won the chariot race could have Hippodamia as a wife.Any young man who lost the race would be beheaded, and the heads would be used as decoration for the palace of Oinomaos.With the help of his charioteer Myrtilos, Pelops devised a plan to beat Oinomaos in the chariot race.Pelops and Myrtilos secretly replaced the bronze linchpins of the King's chariot with linchpins made of wax.When Oinomaos was about to pass Pelops in the chariot race, the wax melted and Oinomaos was thrown to his death.Pelops married Hippodamia and instituted the Olympic games to celebrate his victory.A different version of the myth refers to the Olympic games as funeral games in the memory of Oinomaos.Hercules(Herakles)myth
Another myth about the origin of the Olympic Games comes from the Tenth Olympian Ode of the poet Pindar.He tells the story of how Herakles, on his fifth labor, had to clean the stables of King Augeas of Elis.Herakles approached Augeas and promised to clean the stables for the price of one-tenth of the king's cattle.Augeas agreed, and Herakles rerouted the Kladeos and Alpheos rivers to flow through the stables.Augeas did not fulfill his promise, however, and after Herakles had finished his labors he returned to Elis and waged war on Augeas.Herakles sacked the city of Elis and instituted the Olympic Games in honor of his father, Zeus.It is said that Herakles taught men how to wrestle and measured out the stadium, or the length of the footrace.The Importance of the Olympic Games The Importance of Ancient Greek Athletics The ancient Greeks were highly competitive and believed strongly in the concept of “agon”, or “competition” or “contest”.The ultimate Greek goal was to be the best.All aspects of life, especially athletics, were centered around this concept.It was therefore considered one of the greatest honors to win a victory at Olympia.The fact that the only prize given at Olympia was an olive wreath illustrates this point.The athletes competed for honor, not for material goods.Athletics were of prime importance to the Greeks.The education of boys concentrated on athletics and music as well as academic subjects such as philosophy.Education took place in the gymnasion and the palaistra as well as the academy.The Religious Aspects of the Ancient Olympic Games
In ancient Greece, games were closely connected to the worship of the gods and heroes.Games were held as part of religious ceremonies in honor of deceased heroes, a concept displayed in the funeral games for Patroklos in Book 23 of Homer's epic poem, The Iliad.Games were also held in the context of many ancient fertility festivals.The games at Olympia were connected with both the funeral games of Oinomaos, established by Pelops, and a fertility cult involving any number of gods and goddesses who were worshipped at the site.The Olympic games began to be usurped by the prominent cult of Zeus, and eventually lost much of their religious character.The Olympic Games and the Greek Calendar
The Greek calendar was based on the conception of the four-year Olympiad.When Greek historians referred to dates, they most often referred to a year(i.e., first, second, third, fourth)within the Olympiad that the event occurred.The winner of the stadium race in a given year had the Olympiad named in honor of him.The first Olympiad is therefore known as that of Koroibos of Elis, the winner of the stadium race in 776 BC.The Sacred Truce
The sacred truce was instituted during the month of the Olympiad.Messengers known as “spondorophoroi” carried the word of the truce and announced the date of the games all over the Greek world.The truce called for a cessation of all hostilities for a period of one month(later three months)to allow for the safe travel of athletes to and from Olympia.Armies and armed individuals were barred from entering the sanctuary.In addition, no death penalties could be carried out during the period of the truce.The Internationalization of the Olympic Games
From the beginning, the games at Olympia served as a bond between Greeks and strengthened the Greek sense of national unity.During the Hellenistic period, Greeks who came to live in foreign surroundings such as Syria, Asia, and Egypt, strove to hold on to their culture.One of the ways to achieve this was to build athletic facilities and continue their athletic traditions.They organized competitions, and sent competitors from their towns to compete in the Panhellenic games.In the 2nd century A.D., Roman citizenship was extended to everyone within the Roman empire.From then on, the participation of many competitors from outside of Greece in the Olympic games, gave them to a degree, international nature.When the Greek government reinstated the games in 1896, this international character of the competitions was preserved by Baron de Coubertin.Now, 16 centuries later, the Olympic games attract competitors from countries all over the world.Modern Olympic Games
The best amateur athletes in the world match skill and endurance in a series of contests called the Olympic Games.Almost every nation sends teams of selected athletes to take part.The purposes of the Olympic Games are to foster the ideal of a “sound mind in a sound body” and to promote friendship among nations.The modern Olympic Games are named for athletic contests held in ancient Greece for almost 12 centuries.They were banned in AD 394 but were revived and made international in 1896.The Winter Games were added in 1924.World War I and World War II forced cancellation of the Olympics in 1916, 1940, and 1944, but they resumed in 1948 and are held every four years.After 1992 the Winter and Summer Games were no longer held within the same calendar year.Winter Games were scheduled for 1994, after only a two-year interval, and every four years thereafter.The Summer Games were scheduled for 1996, and every four years thereafter.Summer and Winter Sports
Summer sports include archery, basketball, boxing, canoeing, cycling, equestrian events(horseback riding), fencing, field hockey, gymnastics, handball, judo, rowing, shooting, soccer, swimming, tennis, track and field, volleyball, water polo, weight lifting, wrestling, and yachting.Winter events include skating, skiing, bobsledding, luge, tobogganing, ice hockey, and the biathlon(skiing-shooting).The ceremonial fire stems from the ancient Greece myth fable.Hands down ancient Greece god Prometheus for the humanity which rescues suffers
hunger and cold, hides the truth from Zeus to steal the kindling material belt to the world.The ancient Greece before each Olympic Games are held, the people must light the ceremonial fire before the Hera temple.After the modern Olympic Games establish, when the ceremonial fire is lit that flash, this Olympic Games ceremonial fire's transmission was the announcement complete conclusion.Along with Olympic Games' conclusion, this Olympic Games ceremonial fire will also be extinguished.The first torch relay activity was Berlin Olympic Games starts from 1936
圣火起源于古希腊神话传说。相传古希腊神普罗米修斯为解救饥寒交迫的人类，瞒着宙斯偷取火种带到人间。古希腊在每届奥运会举行以前，人们都要在赫拉神庙前点燃圣火。现代奥运会创立后，当圣火被点燃的那一刹那，本届奥运会圣火的传递活动即宣告圆满结束。随着奥运会的结束，本届奥运会圣火也将被熄灭。第一次火炬接力活动是从1936年柏林奥运会开始的。
第五篇：奥林匹克运动与北京奥运会试题1
奥林匹克运动与北京奥运会试题
1、奥林匹克运动与北京奥运会试题
一、单选题
1．奥林匹克运动包括以（）为核心的思想体系，以（）、（）、（）为骨干的组织体系和以（）为主要内容的活动体系。
A．奥林匹克精神、国际奥委会、国际单项体育联合会、各国奥委会、奥运会
B．奥林匹克主义、国际奥委会、国际单项体育联合会总会、各国奥委会、奥运会 C．奥林匹克宗旨、国际奥委会、国际单项体育联合会、各国奥委会总会、奥运会 D．奥林匹克主义、国际奥委会、国际单项体育联合会、各国奥委会、奥运会 2．（）被尊称为“现代奥林匹克运动之父”。
A．维凯拉斯
B．康斯坦丁
C．顾拜旦
D．卡尔·迪姆 3．（）年（）月（）日，国际奥委会在（）成立，标志着奥林匹克运动的诞生。在国际奥委会第42次全会上，将这一天定为“奥林匹克日”。A．1894、6、16、巴黎
B．1896、6、23、雅典
C．1894、6、23、洛桑
D．1894、6、23、巴黎 4．依据现行《奥林匹克宪章》，奥林匹克格言是（）A．更快、更高、更强
B．重在参与
C．更干净、更人性、更团结
D．相互理解、友谊、团结、公平竞争 5．以下关于国际奥委会组织性质的描述中，正确的是（）。A．地区性、非政府性、非营利性、无限期、无法人地位 B．国际性、政府性、营利性、无限期、有法人地位 C．国家性、政府性、非营利性、无限期、无法人地位 D．国际性、非政府性、非营利性、无限期、有法人地位 6．国际奥委会总部现设在（）。
A．瑞士苏黎世
B．瑞士洛桑
C．法国巴黎
D．美国纽约 7．奥林匹克五环从左到右互相套接，（）、（）、（）环在上，（）、（）环在下，代表五大洲的团结和全世界运动员在奥运会上相聚。
A．蓝、黄、黑、绿、红
B．红、黑、蓝、黄、绿 C．蓝、黑、红、黄、绿
D．绿、黑、红、黄、蓝 8．国际奥委会首任主席是（）。
A．顾拜旦
B．维凯拉斯
C．巴耶－拉图尔
D．亨利·迪东 9．现代奥运会第一位冠军是（）。
A．康诺利
B．鲁伊斯
C．皮特里
D．托·伯克 10．目前，夏季奥运会共设（）个运动大项，冬季奥运会共设（）个运动大项。A．
29、10
B．
26、7
C．
28、7
D．
27、8 11．第1届现代奥运会于（）年在（）举行。
A．1896、雅典
B．1900、巴黎
C．1894、雅典
D．1894、巴黎 12．非洲历史上第一位奥运冠军是（）项目选手（）。
A．男子百米跑、弗雷德里克斯
B．男子万米跑、伊夫特 C．男子马拉松、阿贝贝
D．女子百米跑、奥蒂
13．古代奥运会始于公元前（）年，结束于公元（）年，历时1169年，共举行了（）届。A．793、376、292
B．776、393、293
C．770、399、293
D．771、398、292 14．2012年奥运会将在哪个城市举行（）。
A．巴黎
B．伦敦
C．纽约
D．马德里 15．奥运火炬第一次穿越五大洲是在（）。
A．1992年巴塞罗那奥运会
B．2000年悉尼奥运会 C．2004年雅典奥运会
D．2008年北京奥运会 16．新中国成立后参加的首届奥运会是（）。
A．1952年赫尔辛基奥运会
B．1956年墨尔本奥运会 C．1980年莫斯科奥运会
D．1984年洛杉矶奥运会 17．我国第一位参加奥运会的选手是（）。
奥林匹克运动与北京奥运会试题
A．吴传玉
B．杨传广
C．符保卢
D．刘长春 18．迄今为止，在一届奥运会上获金牌最多的运动员是（）。
A．李宁
B．施皮茨
C．欧文斯
D．科恩 19．我国第一位夏季奥运会冠军是（），第一位冬季奥运会冠军是（）。
A．王义夫、叶乔波
B．容国团、李琰
C．许海峰、杨扬
D．李宁、王濛 20．第一位当选国际奥委会委员的中国人是（），第一位进入国际奥委会领导机构的中国人是（）。
A．董守义、何振梁
B．徐亨、吴经国 C．孔祥熙、吕圣荣
D．王正廷、何振梁 21．（）年，中国奥委会恢复了在国际奥委会的合法地位。
A．1954
B．1971
C．1979
D．1980 22．现任国际奥委会主席是（）。
A．萨马兰奇
B．维尔布鲁根
C．雅克·罗格
D．高斯帕 23．为中国香港获得第一枚奥运金牌的选手是（），其所参加的项目是（）。
A．黄金宝、自行车
B．叶佩延、羽毛球
C．柳絮飞、乒乓球
D．李丽珊、帆板 24．武术已被确定为北京2008年奥运会（）。
A．表演项目
B．正式比赛项目
C．非正式比赛项目
D．奥林匹克文化节文化广场表演项目 25．我国参加奥运会比赛次数最多的运动员是（）。
A．伏明霞
B．郭晶晶
C．孔令辉
D．王义夫 26．从哪届奥运会开始，奖牌正面前景的胜利女神由原来的坐姿改为站姿（）。
A．1984年洛杉矶奥运会
B．1996年亚特兰大奥运会 C．2000年悉尼奥运会
D．2004年雅典奥运会 27．国际奥委会的英文名称缩写是（）。
A．IOC
B．ICC
C．IF
D．OCOG 28．（）年（）月（）日，时任国际奥委会主席的萨马兰奇先生在（）举行的国际奥委会第112次会议上郑重宣布，北京赢得了2008年夏季奥运会的主办权。A．2000、9、23、悉尼
B．2001、9、23、蒙特卡罗 C．2001、7、13、莫斯科
D．2001、7、13、洛桑 29．在北京2008年奥运会之前，实际举办过（）届夏季奥运会。
A．23
B．25
C．28
D．26 30．北京2008年奥运会的举办理念是（）。
A．中国风格、人文风采、时代风貌、大众参与
B．绿色奥运、科技奥运、人文奥运 C．新北京、新奥运
D．以奥运促发展，以发展助奥运 31．2005年1月14日，北京奥组委召开第二次全体会议，将筹办2008年奥运会的工作目标确定为（）。
A．为北京、中国和世界体育留下一份独特的遗产
B．有特色、高水平C．把北京奥运会办成历史上最成功的一届奥运会
D．节俭办奥运 32．北京2008年奥运会的主题口号是（）。
A．分享奥林匹克精神
B．点燃激情、传递梦想 C．同一个世界、同一个梦想
D．传承文明、和谐共赢 33．承担北京奥运会和北京残奥会各项筹办任务的组织机构是（）。
A．中国奥委会
B．北京奥组委
C．北京市政府
D．国家体育总局 34．北京2008年奥运会比赛项目为（）个大项、（）个小项。
A．
28、302
B．
28、301
C．
29、301
D．
28、303 35．北京2008年奥运会帆船比赛和马术比赛将分别在（）和（）两个城市举行。A．大连；香港
B．青岛；北京
C．日照；香港
D．青岛；香港 36．北京奥运会开幕时间为2008年（）月（）日晚（）时。
A．8、8、9
B．7、13、8
C．8、6、8
D．8、8、8 37．北京奥组委按照既定日程，从2003年起开始举办“北京2008”奥林匹克文化节。文化节于每年（）月（）日拉开序幕，持续一个月。
奥林匹克运动与北京奥运会试题
A．
6、23
B．
7、13
C．
8、8
D．
8、24 38．北京2008年奥运会火炬接力的主题是（）。
A．文化之旅
B．和谐之旅
C．人文之旅
D．和平之旅 39．哪种动物不是北京2008年奥运会吉祥物的形象原型（）。
A．燕子
B．大熊猫
C．华南虎
D．藏羚羊 40．北京2008年奥运会体育图标以（）笔画为基本形式。
A．甲骨文
B．金文
C．石鼓文
D．篆字
二、多选题
41．现代奥运会与古代奥运会有着渊源关系，具体体现为现代奥运会（）。A．继承了“奥林匹克德”每四年一个周期的传统 B．沿用了“奥林匹克运动会”的名称 C．借用和发展了古代奥运会的某些仪式
D．吸收和发展了古代奥运会的一些传统思想
42．以下选项中属于国际奥委会职能范围的有（）。
A．领导反对体育运动中使用兴奋剂的斗争，参与国际反毒品斗争
B．鼓励体育组织和公共权力机关尽全力保障运动员的社会和职业前途 C．鼓励发展大众体育
D．促进体育运动中的可持续发展，并要求以此原则举办奥运会 43．国际奥委会的正式语言是（）和（）。
A．英语
B．德语
C．法语
D．希腊语 44．依据《奥林匹克宪章》，奥运会包括以下哪些选项（）。
A．夏季奥运会B．冬季奥运会C．残疾人奥运会D．特殊奥运会 45．奥林匹克运动兴起的动因包括（）。
A．体育国际化发展的需要
B．奥林匹亚考古成果的启示 C．世界各地复兴奥运会的尝试
D．资产阶级的教育改革 46．以下选项中属于奥林匹克活动内容体系的有（）。
A．奥林匹克团结基金的援助活动
B．奥林匹克休战活动 C．奥林匹克青年营
D．各大洲运动会 47．“人文奥运”的内涵包括（）。
A.突出“以人为本”思想，以运动员为中心，以参加奥运会的各方人士为对象，提供优质服务 B．推动中外文化交流，加深各国人民间的了解和友谊 C．普及文明礼仪，加强社会主义精神文明建设
D．促进人与自然、个人与社会、人的精神与体魄之间的和谐发展 48．北京2008年奥运会的筹办方针是（）。
A．开放办奥运
B．创新办奥运
C．节俭办奥运
D．廉洁办奥运
E．全民办奥运 49．（）、（）、（）、（）4个城市为北京奥运会的足球比赛协办城市。
A．沈阳
B．成都
C．上海
D．秦皇岛
E．广州
F．天津
G．大连 50．以下选项中哪一项或几项为北京2008奥运会二级标志（）。
A
B
C
D
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