第一篇:2009年成人高考专升本英语考试大纲及作文
2009年成人高考专升本英语考试大纲及作文范文
(一)考试要求
根据《复习考试大纲》规定,2009年成人高考专升本英语复习考试内容共包括语音、词汇、语法、阅读和写作五部分。
词汇部分要掌握3800个单词和词组。
语音部分要求考生能掌握3种语音规则,分别是元音、辅音字母在单词中的读音,以及常见字母组合的读音。
词汇部分要求考生掌握约3800个英语单词和相应的常用词组的基本用法。考试大纲后面附有词汇表,考生可作为参考。
语法部分要求考生掌握词法、句法和构词法的基本语法规则。其中词法包括名词、冠词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词、动词、连词、感叹词10类,句法包括基本句型、按用途分类的陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句和按结构分类的简单句、并列句、复合句,构词法包括派生法、合成法、转换法3类。
阅读理解部分要求考生能读懂包括社会生活、人物传记、科普、史地、政经、文化等各种题材的文字材料,包括记叙文、说明文、描写文、议论文、应用文等各种体裁,以及生词量不超过所读材料2%的文字材料。考生还要能理解所读材料的主旨大意,掌握主要事实和有关细节,辨识作者的基本态度和观点,能根据有关信息进行一定的推理、判断或引申。
在写作部分,考生要能理解所给出的语言情景,能运用相关的语言知识完成所规定的写作任务。
据了解,英语科试卷有语音、语法与词汇、完形填空、阅读理解、补全对话、短文写作6类题型,占全卷的比例分别为3%、10%、20%、40%、10%、17%。试卷中客观题和主观题的比例为73:27,试题容易题、中等难度题和较难题的比例为3∶5∶2。转自学易网
根据大纲规定,语音部分共5题,每题1分。语法与词汇部分共15题,每题1分。完形填空共15题,每题2分。该部分是1篇200个单词左右的短文,其中有15处填空,每个填空为1题,每题有4个选项。阅读理解共20题,每题3分。该部分由5篇文章组成,阅读量为1500个单词左右。每篇文章后有若干题,要求考生在理解全文的基础上,从题后给出的4个选项中选出一个最符合题意的答案。补全对话共5题,每题3分。该部分为一段对话,要求考生在理解对话的基础上,补全对话内容。短文写作25分,要求考生根据数个
题目或提出的条件,写出一篇100至120个单词的短文。
(二)专升本英语作文范文八篇
第一篇:
金钱是一切吗?
In Money Everything?
I don‘t think money is everything,but we can’t do without it.Fox example,money can‘t buy us happiness and a good education.And for another example,money can’t buy us good health and a long life.But we can not live without money.We need it for our daily necessities such as food,clothes and transportation.What‘s more,we need it to live a better life.In short,we should learn the value of money and make the most of its advantages.第二篇:
1.一些人喜欢住在城市,因为城市生活有许多便利。
2.但有些人喜欢住在农村。
3.我认为,„„
Where to live —in the City or in the Country
Some people like living in the city because city life has many advantages.They think there are more job opportunities in cities,life there is more colorful and meaningful than that in the country,and there are more modern conveniences in cities for people to enjoy.But some other people prefer to live in the countryside.They say life in the countryside is closer to nature and better for their health,life there is quieter and that country people are more honest than city people.I would like to live in a city when I am young to earn enough money
and I live in the countryside when I am old for having a quite life.第三篇:
你叫李平,是英语系学生会主席。写一封信给王教授,请他做一个有关中国历史的报告。注意信中要包括目的、时间、日期和地点。
Dear Professor Wang:
On behalf of the Student Union of the English Department,I am writing to invite you to give a lecture on Chinese history.We have planned to have such a lecture at 2:30 p.m.in Lecture Hall 419,on May 25.Looking forward to your lecture.Inform us in advance if you can not come.Sincerely yours,Li Ping
第四篇:
男女应该平等吗?(Should Men and Women Be Equal?)
Should Men and Women Be Equal?
People have different ideas about this issue,Some people say that men are superior to women in ability because men are physically stronger,do most of the hard labor in the world and hold most important positions.Other people believe that women have the ability to compete with men.There have been many famous women state leaders and great scientists in the world.We should fully carry out the principle “to each according to his work” so that the enthusiasm of both men and women for work can be fully aroused.第五篇:
1.在中国,自行车是最为流行的交通工具。
2.骑自行车有许多好处。
3.自行车的未来„„
The Bicycle in China
The bicycle is the most popular means of transportation in China.China is a country “on bicycle wheels”。People ride them for various purposes such as going to and from school and work.Bicycles are very cheap and easy to buy in China.There are many advantages to riding a bicycle.First,using a bicycle can greatly help reduce the air pollution in many big cities.Second,people can improve their health by riding a bicycle.The future of bicycle will be bright.In some European countries,city governments have arranged pedestrians to use “public bicycles” to travel round the city center free of charge.第六篇:
你是Helen,要写一封信给Julie,对她和她的丈夫昨日请你和你丈夫吃饭表示感谢,表示要回请他们,以答谢他们的盛情款待。
Dear Julie:
Thank you very much for the dinner that you invited my husband and I to yesterday.The food not only looked and smelled fabulous but tasted great,and my husband and I enjoyed it very much.Therefore,we would like to invite you to dinner at 7 p.m.this Friday at the Northwest Chinese restaurant to return your kindness and hospitality.Please do come.Yours,Helen
第七篇:
1.假冒伪劣商品是个严重问题。
2.一些原因导致了这种现象。
3.为了扫除假冒伪劣商品,„„
Fake Commodities
Fake and poor quality commodities are a serious problem.Many things can be faked such as soybean sauce,vinegar,bicycles,and many other things.The interests of consumers are affected,and many enterprises keep losing money because of cheap fake commodities.There are some reasons for such a phenomenon.The major one is the desire of some people to “make easy money”。These people think nothing of the law of the protection of intellectual property rights.To get rid of fake and poor quality commodities,the government should educate people to obey the law of the protection of individual intellectual property rights and not to sell any fake goods.The government should punish severely and close down all the factories producing fake goods.第八篇:
你是Alice.你的朋友Bonnie很快就要到你的乡间小屋拜访,但你却要出去一会儿。留一张便条给她,告诉她食品在哪儿,告诉她一个人在屋里时应注意些什么。
Dear Bonnie:
I will be away for a while.The key to the cottage is under the doormat,and the food is in the refrigerator.After entering the house,lock the door from inside at once.The cottage is far away from the nearest town,and the area is not quite safe from burglars.So I think the saying is right “Where there is precaution,there is no danger”。
Have a nice stay here.Yours,Alice
第二篇:2015年成人高考学士学位英语考试大纲
2015年成人高考学士学位英语考试大纲
成人高考学士学位考试非全国统一考试,考生专业课考试一般是在所属的学校进行,而非英语专业学士学位英语水平考试是由各省级高等教育主管部门组织的统一考试,学位英语的考试目的是为了客观地测试非英语专业成人本科毕业生申请学士学位者的英语语言知识和运用能力,考查其是否达到普通本科教育非英语专业英语教学的一般要求,是各省市成人高等教育本科毕业生获得成人学士学位的必备条件之一。
学士学位英语水平考试要求考生能够较熟练地掌握英语基本语法和常用词汇,具有较强的阅读能力和综合运用能力。因目前该考试不是全国统考,各省关于考试没有统一规定,各省学位办与考生所在院校规定教材大纲、报名条件、报名及考试时间、成绩有效期、考试次数,请考生以当地学位办或所在院校公布的文件为准。
1:报名条件
学位英语考试报名对象主要为在校成人本科生;已毕业学生在校期间未通过该考试的,毕业后一年内可以报名参加考试;网络教育(远程教育)和成人教育(继续教育)、电大部分专业的学员。
2:报名地点及费用
一般情况下,在哪个学校读本科、申请学士学位,就在哪个学校报名参加学位英语统一考试。成人高等教育本科毕业生外语统一考试不是全国统考,所以各省市收费标准不同。
3:报名及考试时间
学位英语考试不是全国统考,各省报名及考试时间不同。各地区报名时间一般为当次考试前两个月,考试时间以当地学位办或考生所在院校公布的报名通知为准。
4:考试大纲
山东学位英语考试采用山东省成人高等教育学士学位英语考试大纲(试行),一般学位英语考试内容包括以下几种题型:分别是完成对话、阅读理解、词语与语法、挑错、完形填空和英汉互译、写作。
5:学位英语主要考试题型介绍:
一、阅读理解(ReadingComprehension)
考生根据文章内容从每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。
阅读理解部分主要测试考生的下述能力:
1.掌握所读材料的主旨和大意;
2.了解说明主旨和大意的事实和细节;
3.既理解字面的意思,又能根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论;
4.既理解个别句子的意义,又能在一定程度上理解上下文的逻辑关系。
阅读理解部分主要考核学生通过阅读获取信息的能力,既要求准确,也要求有一定的速度。
二、词语用法和语法结构(VocabularyandStructure)。
要求考生从每题四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
词语用法和语法结构部分主要考核学生运用词汇、短语及语法结构的能力。
三、挑错(Identification)。
挑错题由10个单句组成。每个句子含有标着A、B、C、D的四个画线部分,其中有一处是错误的,要求考生从四个画线部分中挑出其错误的部分。
挑错部分是词语用法和语法结构部分的延伸,目的是测试学生掌握词汇、短语及语法结构的熟练程度,其重点是固定搭配和句型。
四、完形填空(Cloze)。
完形填空题是在一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文中留有若干个空白。每个空白为一题,每题有四个选项。要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选出一个最佳答案,使短文的结构和意思恢复完整。填空的选项包括结构词和实义词,有些选项会涉及到一些重要的语法内容。
完形填空部分主要考核学生综合运用语言的能力。
五、翻译(Translation)。
翻译试题由两部分组成。第一部分为英译汉。第二部分为汉译英。评分标准要求译文达意,无重大语言错误
翻译部分主要考核学生词汇、语法、句型等方面综合运用语言的能力。
六、写作(Writing)
要求考生在规定时间内写出一篇短文。试卷上可以给出题目,或规定情景,或要求看图作文,或给出段首句要求续写,或给出关键词,要求写成短文。写作部分旨在测试学生初步使用英语表达思想的能力,要求能正确表达思想,意思连贯,无重大语法错误,内容会涉及日常生活和一般科技常识。
第三篇:2013年甘肃省专升本英语考试大纲
2013年甘肃省普通高等学校专升本招生英语科考试大纲
(试行)
一、考试目的全面考核普通高校专科(含高职)应届毕业生英语课程是否达到教学大纲所规定的目标(领会式掌握3500单词,具体要求可参照《大学英语教学大纲》中对大学英语二级和三级的目标要求)。
二、考试范围
主要涵盖专科教学大纲所规定的全部内容,并参照本科《大学英语教学大纲》对二级和三级的要求内容。重点考核学生的英语语言基础知识及其应用能力,考试不追求偏题怪题,以基础知识为出题的核心内容。为保证试卷的信度,除翻译部分和短文写作是主观性试题外,其余试题都采用客观性的多项选择题形式。
三、考试内容
考试内容包括五个部分:阅读理解、词语用法和语法结构、完形填空、翻译和短文写作。(注:听力理解部分,可由考生所报考院校根据其本校专业要求,具体制定实施。)第一部分:阅读理解(Part I Reading Comprehension)。共四篇短文,每篇后有5个问题,共20题,计40分,每题2分。阅读理解部分的目的是测试学生通过阅读获取信息的能力。阅读内容为题材较广泛、语言难度中等的短文,总阅读量控制在800至1000词之间。本题向考生提供四篇短文,题材包括日常生活、史地、文化、科技常识、人物传记等。体裁有记叙文、说明文和应用文等。每篇短文后有5个关于短文内容的问题或不完整的句子。要求考生在仔细阅读短文以后,从每个问题或不完整的句子下面的四个选择项中,选出可以用来回答问题或补全句子的正确或最佳的一项。
第二部分:词语用法和语法结构(Part II Vocabulary and Structure)。共40小题,计40分,每题1分。题目中40%为词和短语的用法,60%为语法结构。词语用法和语法结构部分的目的是测试学生运用大纲词汇、短语、语法及句法结构的能力。本题向考生提供40个小题,每小题是一个留有空白的不完整的英语句子。要求考生在小题下面的四个选择项中,选出可以填入句中空白处的正确或最佳的一项。
第三部分:完型填空(Part III Cloze)。共有一篇短文,含20小题,计20分,每题1分。完型填空部分的目的是测试学生综合运用语言的能力。本题向考生提供一篇短文,在题材熟悉、难度适中的短文(200-260词之间)中留有20处空白,文后为每个空白提供四个选择项。要求考生在全面理解短文内容的基础上,选择答案,进而使短文的意思和结构恢复完整,成为内容连贯、没有语法错误的通顺文章。
第四部分:翻译(Part IVTranslation)。翻译分英译汉和汉译英两部分,共有10小题,英译汉和汉译英各5个题,计30分,每题3分。翻译部分的目的是测试学生是否掌握一定的翻译技巧和具备初步的翻译能力。其中英译汉的句子选自该试卷第二部分“阅读理解”的四篇短文中,有三篇是每篇选一句,有一篇选两句,要求考生根据上下文的背景和含义,将所提供的英文原句直译或意译为汉语;汉译英是将五个汉语句子译为英文,重点是关键词和核 1
心语法、句法的翻译表达。
第五部分:写作(Part V Writing)共有1小题,计20分。短文写作部分的目的是测试学生用英语书面表达的初步能力。要求考生写出一篇100-120词之间的英语短文。文体包括记述文,说明文、议论文等。要求考生能围绕主题正确表达思想、语句连贯、无重大语言错误。
四、试题难易度
较容易题约30%
中等难度题约50%
较难题约20%
五、说明
试卷满分为150分,考试时间为120分钟,试卷长度为A4纸10-12版。
甘肃省普通高等学校专升本招生计算机科考试大纲
(试行)
一、考试目的及要求
全面考核普通高等学校专科(含高职)应届毕业生计算机应用能力是否达到教学大纲所规定的要求。所有考生计算机基础知识必须达到计算机等级考试一级考试大纲的要求;同时理工农医类考生还必须具有利用所学高级语言能够编写一般应用程序的能力;文史财经类考生还必须掌握数据库系统的基本知识和关系数据库的基本操作。具体要求:
(一)计算机基础知识
1、了解计算机与信息技术的基本知识。
2、了解计算机系统的基本组成与工作原理。
3、了解计算机中数据的存储方法。
4、了解微型计算机系统的基本组成,具有使用微型计算机的基础知识。
5、了解操作系统的基本功能和常用操作系统的特点,掌握中文Windows的基本操作和应用。
6、了解文字处理软件的基本知识,掌握文字处理软件Word的基本操作和应用。
7、了解电子表格软件的基本知识,掌握电子表格软件Excel的基本操作和应用。
8、了解多媒体演示软件的基本知识,掌握演示文稿制作软件PowerPoint的基本操作和应用。
9、了解计算机网络的基本概念和因特网的初步知识,具有利用Internet获取信息的能力。
10、了解信息安全的基本知识。
11、了解常用工具软件的使用。
(二)程序设计能力(仅限理工农医类考生)
1、了解程序和程序设计语言的基本概念。
2、掌握算法的基本概念及表示。
3、掌握程序设计的基本步骤和方法。
4、具有应用所学语言编写简单应用程序的能力。
(三)数据库应用能力(仅限文史财经类考生)
1、了解数据库系统的基本概念。
2、了解关系数据库的数据结构与特点。
3、了解数据库、表的概念与操作。
4、了解数据查询和操作(增、删、改)的基本方法。
5、掌握常用的SQL语句。
二、考试内容
(一)计算机与信息技术基础知识
1、计算机的发展、分类及其应用领域。
2、信息高速公路与“金”字工程。
3、计算机系统的组成与工作原理(存储程序原理)。
4、计算机中的信息表示(数制及其转换、编码、信息存储单位)。
5、信息安全及计算机病毒与防治。
6、多媒体计算机的基本概念及其组成。
(二)微型计算机及其使用
1、微型计算机的分类、主要技术指标及其发展方向。
2、微型计算机硬件系统的基本组成及各部分的功能。
3、微型计算机软件系统的基本组成。
4、操作系统的功能及其使用。
(1)操作系统的基本概念、功能与组成。
(2)操作系统的分类及常用操作系统的特点。
(3)微机操作系统的文件组织结构。
(4)Windows操作系统的基本概念和常用术语。
(5)中文Windows操作系统的基本操作和应用。
(6)“我的电脑”和“资源管理器”的操作与应用。
(7)文件和文件夹的管理。
(8)控制面板及其使用。
(9)应用程序的运行与退出。
(10)中文输入法及其使用。
(三)计算机网络
1、计算机网络的概念、功能、组成与分类。
2、计算机网络的结构与网络协议。
3、局域网与广域网的概念与特点。
4、常用网络传输介质及网络设备。
5、因特网的基本概念及其接入方法。
6、因特网的基本应用(WWW、E_mail、FTP)。
(四)常用办公自动化软件
1、文字处理软件的功能和使用
(1)文字处理软件的基本概念。
(2)中文Word的基本功能和使用。
(3)文档的创建、输入、编辑、排版与打印。
(4)表格的制作与使用。
2、电子表格软件的功能和使用
(1)电子表格的基本概念。
(2)中文Excel的基本功能和使用。
(3)工作簿、工作表、单元格的基本概念与基本操作。
(4)单元格绝对地址和相对地址的概念与引用。
(5)数据处理的概念及其简单使用。
3、演示文稿软件的功能和使用
(1)中文PowerPoint的基本功能和使用。
(2)中文PowerPoint的基本操作。
(3)幻灯片外观的设置与放映。
(五)程序设计能力(仅限理工农医类考生)
1、程序和程序设计语言的基本概念。
2、掌握算法的基本概念及表示。
3、掌握程序设计的基本步骤和方法。
4、掌握程序的基本控制结构,能够利用所学语言编写简单的应用程序。
(六)数据库应用能力(仅限文史财经类考生)
1、数据库系统的基本功能与特点。
2、数据库、数据库管理系统、数据库系统的基本概念。
3、关系数据库的数据结构与特点。
4、数据库、表的概念与操作。
5、数据的查询与维护(增、删、改)。
6、SQL数据查询命令的基本使用。
7、SQL数据更新命令的基本使用。
三、试题难易程度
较容易题约30%
中等难度题约50%
较难题约20%
四、说明
理工农医类、文史财经类分别命题,其中计算机基础知识部分试题相同,理工农医类考生增加程序设计能力考试,文史财经类考生增加数据库应用能力考试。试卷满分为150分,考试时间120分钟,试卷长度为A4纸8-10版。
甘肃政法学院专升本招生计算机科学与技术专业课考试大纲
一、参考书目
⒈《计算机操作系统教程》(第3版),张尧学、史美林等编著,清华大学出版社; ⒉《数据结构教程》(最新版),李春葆主编,清华大学出版社。
二、考试内容
㈠操作系统
⒈基本概念
操作系统、多道程序设计、多道批处理操作系统、分时系统、实时系统、网络操作系统、分布式操作系统、重定位、微程序设计、进程、线程、临界段、信号量、同步、互斥、管程、死锁、微内核。
⒉基本知识
①缓冲技术、中断技术、操作系统与其他系统软件的关系、操作系统的接口功能。②进程管理:进程的描述、进程的状态、进程的控制,进程的调度、进程间的通信,进程的同步和互斥,线程的状态和线程管理,多线程的实现,管程,UNIX SVR4的进程管理、进程同步和通信。
③处理器管理:多处理系统、对称式多处理系统,作业调度和调度层次,单处理系统的处理器调度算法。
④死锁:死锁的条件、预防,死锁的避免和银行家算法,死锁的检测与恢复。
⑤主存储器管理:固定分区、可变分区多道管理技术,分页、分段、内核主存管理。⑥虚拟存领储管理:分页存储管理、分段存储管理、段页式存储管理、页的置换算法、页架的分配策略,主存共享、快表一致性问题。
⑦设备管理:I/O子系统的层次模型、I/O硬件组成,设备驱动程序、I/O子系统、流,磁盘调度,虚拟设备和SPOOL系统。
⑧文件系统:文件、目录,文件系统的实现,文件的安全性和保护。
⒊扩展知识
分布式操作系统的特点、分布式操作系统的进程通信,微内核结构、操作系统的设计、操作系统的结构。
㈡数据结构
⒈基本概念
数据结构、基本术语、线性表、栈、队列、串、递归、数组、广义表、树、二叉树、图。⒉基本知识
①数据的逻辑结构和存储结构,数据的运算,算法的描述和分析。
②线性表的顺序存储和运算,线性表的链式存储,线性链表及运算、循环链表及运算、双向链表及运算、链式存储结构的应用。
③栈的顺序存储、栈的链式存储,栈的应用(算术表达式求值),队列的顺序存储、队列的链式存储,队列的应用。
④递归问题及实现,递归转化为非递归的一般过程。
⑤串的静态存储结构、串的动态存储结构,串的基本运算,实现串的基本运算的算法,模式匹配。
⑥数组的基本操作、数组的顺序存储结构。
⑦树的表示形式、树的常用术语、树的基本操作,二叉树的性质、二叉树的存储结构、二叉的遍历及应用,森林与二叉树的转换,哈夫曼树的定义及构造。
⑧图的遍历,生成树(普里姆算法),最短路径,关键路径。
⑨线性表的查找,二叉查找树,哈希表及基本构造方法。
⑩插入排序、冒泡排序、快速排序、选择排序、归并排序、基数排序。
⒊扩展知识
文件的组织,顺序文件、索引文件、散列文件。
三、试题满分为200分,考试时间为150分钟。
第四篇:成人高考专升本高等数学考试大纲
成人高考专升本高等数学考试大纲
总要求
考生应按本大纲的要求,了解或理解“高等数学”中极限和连续、一元函数微分学、一元函数积分学、多元函数微积分学的基本概念与基本理论,学会、掌握或熟练掌握上述各部分的基本方法应注意各部分知识的结构及知识的内在联系;应具有一定的抽象思维能力、逻辑推理能力、运算能力,能运用基本概念、基本理论和基奉方法正确地推理证明,准确地计算;能综合运用所学知识分析并解决简单的实际问题。
本大纲对内容的要求由低到高,对概念和理论分为“了解”和“理解”两个层次;对方法和运算分为“会”、“掌握”和“熟练掌握”三个层次.复习考试内容
一、极限
1.知识范围
(1)数列极限的概念与性质
数列极限的定义
唯一性,有界性,四则运算法则,夹逼定理,单调有界数列,极限存在定理
(2)函数极限的概念与性质
函数在一点处极限的定义左、右极限及其与极限的关系x趋于无穷(x一∞,x→+∞,x→—∞)时函数的极限,唯一性,法则,夹逼定理
(3)无穷小量与无穷大量
无穷小量与无穷大量的定义,无穷小量与无穷大量的关系,无穷小量的性质,无穷小量的比较
(4)两个重要极限
2.要求
(1)理解极限的概念,会求函数在一点处的左极限与右极限,了解函数在一点处极限存在的充分必要条件
(2)了解极限的有关性质,掌握极限的四则运算法则
(3)理解无穷小量、无穷大量的概念,掌握无穷小量的性质、无穷小量与无穷大量的关系会进行无穷小量的比较(高阶、低阶、同阶和等价)会运用等价无穷小量代换求极限
(4)熟练掌握用两个重要极限求极限的方法
二、连续
1知识范围
(1)函数连续的概念
函数在一点处连续的定义,左连续与右连续,函数在一点处连续的充分必要条件,函数的间断点
(2)函敖在一点处连续的性质
连续函数的四则运算,复台函数的连续性,反函数的连续性
(3)闭区间上连续函数的性质
有界性定理,最大值与最小值定理,介值定理(包括零点定理)
(4)初等函数的连续性
2.要求
(1)理解函数在一点处连续与间断的概念,理解函数在一点处连续与极限存在的关系,掌握函数(含分段函数)在一点处的连续性的判断方法
(2)会求函数的间断点
(3)掌握在闭区间上连续函数的性质,会用介值定理推证一些简单命题
(4)理解初等函数在其定义区间上的连续性,会利用连续性求极限,一元函数微分学
三、导数与微分
1知识范围
(1)导数概念
导数的定义,左导数与右导数,函数在一点处可导的充分必要条件,导数的几何意义与物理意义,可导与连续的关系
(2)求导法则与导数的基本公式
导数的四则运算反函数的导数导数的基本公式
(3)求导方法
复合函数的求导法,隐函数的求导法,对数求导法,由参数方程确定的函数的求导法,求分段函数的导数
(4)高阶导数
高阶导数的定义高阶导数的计算
(5)微分
微分的定义,微分与导数的关系,微分法则,一阶微分形式不变性
2.要求
(l)理解导数的概念及其几何意义,了解可导性与连续性的关系,掌握用定义求函数在一点处的导散的方法
(2)会求曲线上一点址的切线方程与法线方程
(3)熟练掌握导数的基本公式、四则运算法则及复合函数的求导方法,会求反函数的导数
(4)掌握隐函数求导法、对数求导法以及由参数方程所确定的函数的求导方法,会求分段函数的导数
(5)理解高阶导数的概念,会求简单函数的n阶导数
(6)理解函数的微分概念,掌握微分法则,了解可微与可导的关系,会求函数的一阶微分
(二)微分中值定理及导致的应用
1.知识范围
(l)微分中值定理
罗尔(Rolle)定理拉格朗日(Lagrange)中值定理
(2)洛必迭(I,’Hospital)法则
(3)函数单调性的判定法
(4)函数的极值与极值点、最大值与最小值
(5)曲线的凹凸性、拐点
(6)曲线的水平渐近线与铅直渐近线
2.要求
(l)理解罗尔定理、拉格朗日中值定理及它们的几何意义会用拉格朗日中值定理证明简单的不等式
(2)熟练掌握用洛必达法则求未定式的极限的方法
(3)掌握利用导数判定函数的单调性及求函数的单调增、减区间的方法,会利用函数的单调性证明简单的不等式
(4)理解函数扳值的概念掌握求函数的驻点、极值点、极值、最大值与最小值的方法,会解简单的应用问题
(5)会判断曲线的凹凸性,会求曲线的拐点
(6)会求曲线的水平渐近线与铅直渐近线
2、一元函数积分学
(一)不定积分
1.知识范围
(1)不定积分
原函数与不定积分的定义原函数存在定理不定积分的性质
(2)基本积分公式
(3)换元积分法
第一第换元法(凑微分法)第二换元法
(4)分部积分法
(5)-些简单有理函数的积分
2.要求
(1)理解原函数与不定积分的概念及其关系,掌握不定积分的性质,了解原函数存在定理
(2)熟练掌握不定积分的基本公式
(3)熟练掌握不定积分第-换元法,掌握第二换元法(限于三角代换与简单的根式代换)
(4)熟练掌握不定积分的分部积分法
(5)会求简单有理函数的不定积分
(二)定积分
1.知识范围
(1)定积分的概念
定积分的定义及其几何意义可积条件
(2)定积分的性质
(3)定积分的计算
变上限积分牛顿莱布尼茨(Newton-Leibniz)公式换元积分法分部积分法
(4)无穷区间的反常积分
(5)定积分的应用
平面图形的面积旋转体的体积
2.要求
(1)理解定积分的概念及其几何意义,了解函数可积的条件
(2)掌握定积分的基本性质.(3)理解变上限积分是变上限的函数,掌握对变上限积分求导数的方法
(4)熟练掌握牛顿一莱布尼茨公式
(5)掌握定积分的换元积分法与分部积分法
(6)理解无穷区间的反常积分的概念,掌握其计算方法
(7)掌握直角坐标系下用定积分计算平面图形的面积以及平面图形绕坐标轴旋转所生成的旋转体的体积
四、多元函数微积分学
(一)多元函数微分学
1、知识范围围
(1)多元函数
多元函数的定义-二元函数的几何意义二元函数极限与连续的概念
(2)偏导数与全微分
偏导数全微分二阶偏导数
(3)复合函数的偏导数
(4)隐函数的偏导数
(5)二元函数的无条件椴值与条件擞值
2.要求
(l)了解多元函数的概念、二元函数的几何意义会求二元函数的表达式及定义域丁解二元函数的极限与连续概念(对计算不作要求)。
(2)理解偏导数概念,了解偏导数的几何意义,了解盘微分概念.了解全微分存在的必要条件与充分条件。
(3)掌握二元函数的一、二阶偏导数计算方法
(4)掌握复合函数一阶偏导数的求洁
(5)会求二元函数的生微分
(6)掌握由方程F(x.y,z)=0所确定的隐函数z=z(x,y)的一阶偏导数的计算方法
(7)会求二元函数的无条件极值会用拉格朗日乘数法求一元函数的条件极值
第五篇:2012年成人高考专升本英语考试真题及参考答案[模版]
2012年成人高考专升本英语考试真题及参考答案
A.coach B.float C.broad D.throat
一、Phonetics(5 points)?Directions: In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked A, B, C and D.Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation.Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET Ⅰ.第2题单选 选出下面读音不同的选项()。
A.coach
B.float
C.broad
D.throat
参考答案:C
第2题单选 选出下面读音不同的选项()。
A.riddle
B.ripen
C.privilege
D.primitive
参考答案:B
第3题单选 选出下面读音不同的选项()。
A.decision
B.comprehension
C.extension
D.pension
参考答案:A
第4题单选 选出下面读音不同的选项()。
A.brother
B.thrill
C.these
D.rather
参考答案:B
第5题单选 选出下面读音不同的选项()。
A.comb
B.thumb
C.doubt
D.tablet
参考答案:D
二、Vocabulary and Structure(15 points)?Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section.For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET Ⅰ.第6题单选 Whenever he comes to our garden,he can’t help_________the flowers.A.admires
B.admired
C.admiring
D.to admire
参考答案:C
第7题单选 一Where is Dick?Do you think he’S reached home by now?
一He__________home for a while.A.woul,d be
B.should be
C.would have been
D.should have been
参考答案:D
第8题单选 I hesitated for a long time,and in the end I decided to_________the job.A.take
B.apply
C.find
D.search
参考答案:A
第9题单选 Steve looked at the envelope and recognized Jenny’S handwriting_________.A.recently
B.immediately
C.exactly
D.frequently
参考答案:B
第10题单选 This time tomorrow,I_________0n the beach,enjoying the sunshine!
A.am sitting
B.sit
C.would sit
D.will be sitting
参考答案:D
第11题单选 The ukulele is a_________instrument,which resembles a guitar.A.Hawaiian musical small
B.small musical Hawaiian
C.Hawaiian small musical
D.small Hawaiian musical
参考答案:D
第12题单选-Do you like my new shoes?They were only£15.-Wow!That’S cheap,what a_________!
A.gain
B.profit
C.bargain
D.win
参考答案:C
第13题单选 _________in thought while drivin9,he almost ran into the car coming in the opposite direction.A.Losing
B.Lost
C.Lose
D.To lose
参考答案:B
第14题单选 You can’t imagine__________foolishly he beghaved at the party.A.how
B.that
C.what
D.so
参考答案:A
第15题单选 I don't want to watch the football match.Can you________Channel 9?
A.change in
B.change over
C.change to
D.change into
参考答案:C
第16题单选 Women employees________the san'le salaries as men for doing the same work.A.are paying
B.have been paid
C.paid
D.have paid
参考答案:B
第17题单选 Never the weather been so bad in October.A.is
B.aye
C.has
D.have
参考答案:C
第18题单选 Many careers require a coUege degree,some jobs,________,only reqmre prevlous experience.A.however
B.therefore
C.moreover
D.furthemore
参考答案:A
第19题单选 The clock.has 8topped I________get it go again and set the alarm,or I will be late again tomorrow.A.couId
B.might
C.would
D.must
参考答案:D
第20题单选 Don’t ask him how old be is—be’s really________about it.A.sen8itive
B.careless
C.cautious
D.anxious
参考答案:A
三、Cloze(20 points)Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET Ⅰ.Phvsical activity through sports can enhance your child’s physical health.Sports can alsohaye a positive effect on his mental health.Sports participation helps children ____21____lifeskills such as learning to___22___with loss and disappointment.These mental health benefitscan be___23___ helpful during the chanlenging years of adolescence.As vour child grows and his body changes,confidence and self-esteem___24___from apositive body image.___25___sports participation helps your child.___26___ a healthy weight andsee his bodv as a___27___ to succeed on the playing field.A good body image improves mentalhealth so that your child is less ___28___ to experience feelings of low self-worth.Children who participate29sports must learn to work with their teammates to___ 30___a goal.Through sports a child is___31___to build confidence in his abilities.Winning does nothave.to be the only confidence builder.A___32___ pass or assist during a game also lmproVe8confidence.Exercise and sports participotion have been___33___to have antidepressant(抗抑郁的)effects.Children who play sports generally report having a positive___34___ 0n life.Inprovedself-esteem can___35___ a child not only in sports events,but also in academic pertormance.第21题单选 填入(21)处的最佳答案是()。
A.stimulate
B.develop
C.motivate
D.create
参考答案:B
第22题单选 填入(22)处的最佳答案是()。
A.deal
B.make
C.disagree
D.struggle
参考答案:A
第23题单选 填入(23)处的最佳答案是()。
A.actuallv
B.specifically
C.especially
D.merely
参考答案:C
第24题单选 填入(24)处的最佳答案是()。
A.arise
B.raise
C.lift
D.move
参考答案:A
第25题单选 填入(25)处的最佳答案是()。
A.Typical
B.Popular
C.Common
D.Regular
参考答案:D
第26题单选 填入(26)处的最佳答案是()。
A.retmn
B.reserve
C.maintain
D.prevent
参考答案:C
第27题单选 填入(27)处的最佳答案是()。
A.form
B.tool
C.symbol
D.technique
参考答案:B
第28题单选 填入(28)处的最佳答案是()。
A.likely
B.hardly
C.gradually
D.really
参考答案:A
第29题单选 填入(29)处的最佳答案是()。
A.on
B.in
C.with
D.over
参考答案:B
第30题单选 填入(30)处的最佳答案是()。
A.settle
B.arrive
C.obtain
D.arhieve
参考答案:D
第31题单选 填入(31)处的最佳答案是()。
A.able
B.capable
C.qualifed
D.skilled
参考答案:A
第32题单选 填入(32)处的最佳答案是()。
A.frequent
B.free
C.successful
D.gradual
参考答案:C
第33题单选 填入(33)处的最佳答案是()。
A.implied
B.applied
C.referred
D.shown
参考答案:D
第34题单选 填入(34)处的最佳答案是()。
A.meaning
B.outlook
C.expectative
D.approach
参考答案:B
第35题单选 填入(35)处的最佳答案是()。
A.improve
B.demand
C.benefit
D.promote
参考答案:C
四、Reading Comprehension(75 points)Directions: There are four reading passages in this part.Each passage is followed by five questions.For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET Ⅰ.For generations,the Nganyi people of western Kenya have served as rainmarkers,helpinglocal communities decide when best to prepare their land and SOW their seeds.By observingsubtle changes in nature that would be unnoticeable to most people--in air currents,theflowering and shedding of leaves of certain trees,the behaviour of ants,bird songs,etc-theyhave been able to interpret weather paterns and provide valuable advise.But the irregular weather patterns brought by climate change mean the rainmakel's can nolonger use those signs to make their predictions.And they don't have accDs8 to the technologiesavailable to meteorologists(气象学家).“ Climate change‘has come on so fast.People don’t know how to adapt or what.to plant,”says Obedi Osore.a traditmnal Nganyi weatherman.“0ur traditional crops are disappearingbecause thev cannot handle the new conditions.We need new strategies to handle climatechange.”
Now a.British Canadian project is doing just that,linking the rainmakers with governmentmeteorologists.The two groups get together each season and produce all agreed forcast to bespread using a variety of methods suited to communities where many cannot read on wnte—through ceremonies,public meetings and person to person communication.Both Darties arepleased with the collaboration.“I think the-two,sciences are equallyvalid.We are marrying our energies to help people better.”says Mr.Onunga,a Nyanyicommunity elder involed in the project.“results have been surprisingly good-the community agreed that the forcast was
accurate.”savs Gilbert Ouma,a lecturer at the University of Nairobi.“Through this project we hope to learn what it is that we can share together to live today and to adopt to tomorrow.”says Professor Laban Ogallo,leader of the Nganyi projeet.第36题单选 Which of the following has been used by traditional Nganyi rainmarkers in weather prediction?
A.Plant seeds
B.Dog barks
C.Bird songs
D.Ocean currents
参考答案:C
第37题单选 What difficulty do local rainmakers face in making weather predictions?
A.They cannot find an effective way to deliver messages.B.They lack moderwtechnologies to cope with climate change.C.They cannot get financial support from the local government.D.They lack the facilies to stop traditional crops from disappearing.参考答案:B
第38题单选 How do people involved in the British Candian project feel about their cooperation?
A.Satisfied.B.Confused.C.Hopeful.D.Regretful.参考答案:A
第39题单选 Which statement best expresses the.main idea of the passage?
A.A British Canadian project has been carried out to solve farming problems.B.The Nganyi people have made weather forecasts by observing changes.in nature.C.New technologies have replaced traditional methods in weather prediction in Kenya.D.Scientists and Kenyian rainmakers work sogether in a joint weather predictionproject.参考答案:D
After taking a six—week,fully paid maternity leave(产假)earlier this year,FrancineGemperle was anxious to resume her job but reluctant to be away from her baby daughter,Veronica.Fortunately,she didn’t have to choose between them.Maya Design,a Pittsburghbased creative consulting firm,allows parents to bring newborns:into the office.“If I'd had to leave my children after my maternity leave ended.I would never have goneback to work,”says Gemperle a designer and researcher,who also brought her son Mile.intothe office after he was born.She’s not the only parent taking advantage of the ben6fit.Senior analyst Jon West bringshis 10.month—old soil.Owen,the office several times a month.In fact,when West consideredusing only part of his paternity leave,his co—workers urged him to take all six weeks.“I had pressure to take that leave,”recalls West,“People told me.‘It's an important part of your life and you need to expenience it.’”
“No matter how quiet the baby is,it’s an obvious distraction(分心的事).”says Tory Johnson the chief executive of Women for hire.a New York City—based recruiting firm, No one has complained yet.Even if somebody did,it would’t matter to Mickey McManus,Mayas’s CEO and president who argues that the policy builds loyalty and helps parents shiftback into work mode.As part of its balancing act,Maya shares up to 20%of quarterly profits with itsemployees.However,the size of those checks might be up in the air at the moment.The firmonce laid off five workers and it is now 4-day weeks to avoid more layoffs.“Be transparrent,”MCmanus advises,“so workers know they can trust you.”
第40题单选 Which of the fonowing is true about Maya Design?
A.It hires women with familes.B.It has some overseat branches.C.It provides consulting services.D.It encourages the staff to work at home.参考答案:C
第41题单选 What is Tory responsibility according to the passage?
A.Taking on women employees.B.Dealing with women’s complaints.C.Dismissing unqualified women staff.D.Taking care of womeil staffs welfare.参考答案:A
第42题单选 What is the advantage of Maya’s policy according to Mickey MeManus?
A.It cuts down the management cost.B.It increases staff loyalty to the firm.C.It keeps a balance between work and life.D.It promotes equality in employment
参考答案:B
第43题单选 Which of these would be the best title for the passage?
A.A Flexible Working Schedule
B.A Staff Shortage in Mays Design
C.A Pittsbergh—bassed Working Place
D.A Company Taking Care of Young Parents
参考答案:D
Harry Potter fans will instantly recognize the snowy owl as Harry’s famous companion.Hedwig,but these beautiful and powerful owls are easily recognizable not for their magicalassociations,but for their large size and striking white feathers.Snowy owls are,in fact,theonly white owl,and they are a highly sought after species for many birdwatchers to add to theirlife lists.Foods:Small mammals,birds,fish.Habitat and Migration:Snowy owls are found in far northern latitudes including tundra,avast treeless frozen region in the Arctic.Their breeding grounds(繁殖地)are in the Arctictundra,and they migrate south throughout
Canada during the winter.In exceptionally severewinters or when food supplies are scarce,these owls can appear much further south than theirnormal range.While principally a North American bird.they can also migrate to the northernareas of Europe and Asia.Behaviour:Snowy owls,like aⅡowls,are powerful animal hunters that are active mostlyat night but Call bunt and feed during the day,especially when food supplies are low.Theseowls will rest on the ground or on rocks,stumps and other low favourable points.Males can befierce when defending the nest and both genders will also perform an“injured bird”act totempt animal invadeTs to go away from the nest.Reproduction:Snowy owls may incubate(孵卵)3—10 eggs for 30—34 days,or theincubation may be done primarily by the female.The baby owls remain in the nest for 14—21days and will attempt their first flight when they are 42—58 days old.Mated pairs will raiseone group of young birds per year unless food supplies are inadequate and then no eggs may beproduced.第44题单选 What have you learned from Paragraph 1 ?
A.Harry Potter fans like snowy owls.B.Hedwig is one of the snowy owl watchers.C.The snowy owl is a large bird with white feathers.D.It is easy to find snowy owls in snow covered areas.参考答案:C
第45题单选 What does Paragraph 3 tell about snowy owls?
A.They can be found in Asia and Europe.B.They live in groups in hard winter days.C.Their breeding grounds are in areas south to Canada.D.They appear in the Artic when food supplies are scarce.参考答案:A
第46题单选 For snowy owis,one way to detend their nest is.A.to stand on a rock nearby
B.to pretend to have been injured
C.to spread their wings
D.to give a warning
参考答案:B
第47题单选 What will snowy owls probably do when food is insufficient?
A.They may stop producing eggs.B.They will reduce their flights.C.They will be less active at night.D.They will only hunt during the day.参考答案:A
We lost two superstars in 1977.Neither man’s admirers have been able to understand thesuccees of the other one.And this tells us something of the difference between the generationsthat the two singers represent.There were similarities between Bing Crosby and Elvis Presley.Both reached fame whileyoung and because very rich.Although neither one had any musical education,both developedtheir own musical styles。which were at first criticized by the Critics and later studied as newforms in the art of popular son9.Both man had successful movie careers despite a total lack ofacting ability.Both were creations of the microphone.which made it possible for signers with weakvoices to be heard beyond the third row.With Bing the microphone was usually hidden,butElvis brought it to the stage.The difference between the men reflects the changing values in American life.Crosby’smusic was soothing(令人舒畅的);Presley's was disturbin9.Crosby was singing to wartimeAmerica.His audiences had all the disturbances they could handle in their private lives.theydid not want to buy more at the record shop and the movie theater.Crosby’s admirers always said how“relaxed”and“natural”he was.When Presley beganhis career,the whole country had become relaxed and easygoin9.Its young people,who hadno rftemory of troubled times.found it borin9.They were hungry for excitement.Theywelcomed Elvis,who was certainly not the kind of young man their parents would admire.Presley was loud and valgar(粗俗的)-and he was bringing something new and exciting.It is probably too simple to explain each man in terms of changes in the economic and political situation.Something in the culture was also changing.第48题单选 Which of the following could be inferred about Crosby and Presley?
A.They died in the same year.B.They became popular in 1977.C.They influenced each other in music.D.They represented the postwar generation.参考答案:A
第49题单选 In which aspeet the singers are similar to each other?
A.Their songs were widely used in movies.B.They became famous in late years of their lives.C.Their musical styles are not recognized by the critics.D.Neither of them received any formal musical education.参考答案:D
第50题单选 What did Crosby's audiences get from his music?
A.Excrement.B.Disturbance
C.Ease and comfort.D.Passion and thrill.参考答案:C
第51题单选 What is most likely to be discussed if the passage continues?
A.The political situation that the two singers faced.B.The cultural changes that the two singers experienced.C.The economic influence on the music of the two singers.D.The messages that tlle two singewrs expressed in their music.参考答案:B
There are millions of left—handed.people in the world.A number of them got together in1975 to form an association called Lefthanders International.The purpose of the organization isto fight discrimination(particularly in jobs)and to inform the public.They want everybody tounderstand the left.handress are neither“strange”nor sick nor drangerous.Many studies have been made recently about hand preferance in humans.They havebrought interesting results.It has been found,for instance,that many more men tha.n womenare left—handed.that all children use both hand about
equally until they are three years oldand that hand preference is not clearly marked until age six.Above that age,most people notonly favour one purtitular hand but also have a favourite eye,a favourite ear and foot.We know that the left side of the body is controlled by the right side of the brain,whichseem8 that this particular half is the seat of emotions,imagination,and of the sense of space.And,indeed,lefties seem to be more creative than the fight—handers;they also seem to bemore athletic and to do better in some professions which like sports require a good sense ofsDace.In a large school of architecture,it was found in 1977 that 29%of tlle professors and23%of the graduating statents were left handed-while lefties represent less than l0%of thegeneral population.Finally.1eft handers may be more stubborn and more impulsive(冲动的)than righthanders.And thev are more likely to suffer from problems such as stuttering(口吃)and adifficulty in reading called dyslexia.The problems are more serious in left handed persons whohave been forced to favour their right hard.Doctors insist that one should never try to change achild’s hand preference.第52题单选 What does Lefthanders International aim to do for left—handers?
A.To create new job.B.To promote equality.C.To show discrimiation.D.To study hand preference.参考答案:B
第53题单选 According to recent studies,when is hand preference formed?
A.Before birth.B.At birth.C.At age three.D.At age six
参考答案:D
第54题单选 Compared with right.handers,left-luckers.A.are less creative
B.are more easygoing
C.have a better sense of space
D.do better in most professions
参考答案:C
第55题单选 Left—handers aye advised to stick to their hand preference because.A.it is fun and comfortable to be left-handel's
B.the left hand is iust as good as the right hand
C.it is diffcult for them to switch to the risht hand
D.changing hand preference may cause serious problems
参考答案:D
五、Daily Conversation(10 points)Directions:Pick out appropriate expressions from the eight choices below and complete the following dialogues by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.根据下面选项回答下面试题:
A.I know a good place
B.You’re welcome
C.Not really
D.have something to drink
E.any one
F.there’s nothing good
G.Any suggestions
H.Yes.Whv
Judy:Are you free this evening?Jack: ___56___?
Judy:ShMl we go and see a movie?
Jack:I love movies,but ___57___ at the moment.What about going to a concert?
Judy:Sure,I'd love to,___58___?
Jack:Here is a good one,Mozart and Brahms.It's on at the Festival Hall.Shall we go tothis concert?
Judv:Fine.We’ll go to this one.Do you want anything to eat now?Jack:N0,I'm not hungry.judy:Well,let's___59___ instaed.Jack:___60___for that.Let’s go.Judy:Good!Let’s go.第56题简答 填入(56)处的最佳答案是()。
参考答案:H.Yes.Whv
第57题简答 填入(57)处的最佳答案是()。
参考答案:F.there’s nothing good
第58题简答 填入(58)处的最佳答案是()。
参考答案:G.Any suggestions
第59题简答 填入(59)处的最佳答案是()。
参考答案: D.have something to drink
第60题简答 填入(60)处的最佳答案是()。
参考答案: A.I know a good place
六、Writing(25 points)Directions:For this part, you are supposed to write a notice in about 100-120 words based on the following situation.Remember to writer it clearly.第61题 你(Li Yuan)负责组织一次班级郊游活动。请根据以下提示写一份通知:
.本次郊游的时间和地点;.郊游的具体活动内容;
.要求各自准备一道菜或点心与大家分享;
.列出必带物品,如:相机,雨衣/雨伞、遮阳帽、手电筒等;
.感谢大家的合作。
参考答案:略。