关于英文写作的一些实用技巧(适合中高级英语使用者)

第一篇：关于英文写作的一些实用技巧(适合中高级英语使用者)

关于英文写作的一些实用技巧

关于英文写作的一些实用技巧

提高英文写作是一个需要花时间的过程，最可靠的办法就是实际的写和修改。同时，借鉴一些有益的经验，会有助于我们印证自己的写作体会，并注意到一些自己忽视的问题。这里总结了一些关键点，它们包括例句来自于几本不错的写作参考书（书目待补充）。

核心观念：清楚，简洁，有规矩，有条理——这是学生时期英文论文写作的关键，其他的都是次要的可选项。在初学写作的过程中，切忌朝复杂玄妙的方向努力，因为经验不足，往往会导致夹缠罗嗦，故作高深的文风。即使你中文写的很炫，也不可轻易在英文论文里玩花样，最好从平实的文风开始。“如无必要，勿增实体”是哲学上的说法，在英文写作上，如无必要，一概删去。

1，Begin sentences with active subjects and verbs

这个原则的核心是把一个句子看成一个故事，active subjects 就是故事里的人物characters，他们/它们发出的行动是主动，积极的verb。除非要用故意制造悬念的手法，这两部分要尽早展示在句子里。如果前面有从句（表示时间，原因等），要尽量简洁。

要点：有很多名词性的抽象说法，都可以转化/简化成积极的动词，“有….名词”——转化成“主语+动词”。

举例：

1.There will be an evaluation of the program by us——We will evaluate the program.2.Determination of policy occurs at the presidential level——The president determines policy.3.There was first a review of the evolution of the dorsal fin——First, scientists reviewed how the dorsal fin evolved.2.Emphasize the word at the end of a sentence.由于句号的原因，句子最后一个词会停顿，这个词最好是一个比较重要的词。如果刚好用了无关紧要的词，可以把它删掉，或者调整到句子的其他部分。

举例：

1．Sociobiologists are making the provocative claim that our genes largely determine our social behavior(in the way we act in situations we find around us every day).括号里的废话可以删掉。

Sociobiologists are making the provocative claim that our genes largely determine our social

behavior.2.No one can explain why that first primeval superatom exploded and thereby created the universe(in a few words).括号里的部分并非关键，但有意义，换个位置。

No one can explain in a few words why that first primeval superatom exploded and thereby created the universe.词类轻重的顺序一般是：介词，形容词/副词，动词，名词，抽象名词

所以：

1． The intellectual differences among races is a subject that only the most politically indifferent scientist is willing to look into.The intellectual differences among races is a subject that only the most politically indifferent scientist is willing to explore.2....until in God's good time, the powerful New World steps forth to liberate the old....until in God's good time, the New World, with all its power and might, steps forth to the rescue and the liberation of the old.在这个例子里，丘吉尔用抽象名词liberation，而不是动词liberate 来增加句子的庄严感。

3.用于强调句子后半部分的句式，要少用。

这些句型的特点是开头加字用来强调谓语后面的部分，一般都要在后续的句子里解释为什么要强调，进而展开话题，一个就够了。除非是文学手法，这种句式在一段话里不要多次出现。

1.There is/ There are

A few grammatical patterns add weight to the end of a sentence.There are a few grammatical patterns that add weight to the end of a sentence.2.What—

This country needs a monetary policy that will end the violent fluctuations in money supply, unemployment, and inflation.What this country needs is a monetary policy that will end the violent fluctuations in money supply, unemployment, and inflation.3．It—

That domestic oil prices must eventually rise to the level set by OPEC once seemed inevitable.It once seemed inevitable that domestic oil prices must eventually rise to the level set by OPEC.有些表达属于毫无意义的废话，直接删除，比如：

It is interesting to note that ——可以直接说事情，体现出它的interesting，而不是强迫读者也认为它有趣。

There are those occasions when——直接说when

1-3 小结

主语谓语要清楚（早出现），句子结尾要强，开头强调要慎用。Begin sentences with subjects and verbs, letting subordinate elements branch to the right.Even a long, long sentence can be clear and powerful when the subject and verb make meaning early.4．关于主动语态和被动语态

A.根据第一条原则，尽量使用主动语态，用直接的动词。被动语态给出一种貌似客观的感觉，但实际上掩盖了谁在采取行动，这是很多政治声明为了掩盖行动者，推卸责任的办法。

举例：

It was found that data concerning energy resources allocated to the states were not obtained.This action is needed so that a determination of redirection is permitted on a timely basis when weather conditions change.A system must be established so that data on weather conditions and fuel consumption may be gathered on a regular basis.We found that the Department of Energy did not obtain data about energy resources that Federal offices were allocating to the states.The Department needs these data so that it can determine

how to redirect these resources when conditions change.The Secretary of the Department must establish a system so that his office can gather data on weather conditions and fuel consumption on a

regular basis.B.一些规章制度也要求客观，在没有必要指出行动者，大家都知道是谁，或者完全无关紧要的时候，可以采取被动语态，强调受动者。

举例：

Valuable records should always be kept in a fireproof safe.C.学术文章也追求客观的效果，但这并不意味着要使用被动语态，如无特殊原因，尽量用主动。下面讨论这些特殊的情况。

1.主语是一大串的名词，造成头重脚轻，需要用被动语态。

举例：

Astronomers, physicists, and a host of other researchers entirely familiar with the problems raised by quasars have confirmed these observations.These observations have been confirmed by astronomers, physicists, and a host of other researchers entirely familiar with the problems raised by quasars.2.强调受动者/受害者的时候，用被语态突出行动造成的后果。比如，一位大作家没有受到公正的待遇，这都是别人（赶时髦的批评家）造成的。这种表达是被动的，但对于句子里的主动者（批评家）来说，是有攻击性的，有passive aggressive 的效果。看库切的句子：

Brodsky regards Hardy as a neglected major poet, “seldom taught, less read,” particularly in America, where he is cast out by fashion-minded critics into the limbo of “premodernism.”

To be continued.

第二篇：英文软文写作技巧-writing365英语兼职网

英文软文写作技巧（1）-writing365英文兼职网

很多人英语过了专八，各种各样的翻译证书，但是并不是所有的都能写好软文，在此，我来简单分享下软文写作的技巧：

软文也有生命：学会找主题的切入点

写软文首先要选切入点，在写作之前，我们一定要想清楚自己这篇文章究竟能为访客传递什么有价值的信息，确定好一个主题就是一个好的切入点，好的切入点能让整篇软文看起来浑然天成。

那如何为软文找主题的切入点？我们可以主要从两个方面入手：一个是以行业趋势为切入点，宣传本企业产品的先进性；另一个是从受众生活出发，以故事性引导打动读者阅读下去。

软文的第一眼效应：学会写好能够让阅读着有阅读欲望的标题

在确定主题后，就应该围绕主题来设计文章的题目、文章结构，讨论热点等，控制整篇文章的走势。在这里，最好是选择冲击力强的标题，因为一篇文章首先出现在受众眼前的总是标题，所以标题的好坏很大程度上决定了软文是否成功。

所谓的“标题党”，就是能够把文章的标题作用发挥到极致的软文，“标题党”的分类来看，基本可以分为5种：悬念式（或者叫设问式）、故事式、情感式、恐吓式、促销式等。

软文要有变化，有新意，一定要注意原创性

软文不宜千篇一律，应根据不同的主题内容采用不同的标题方式，这样才能引起受众群体的热烈反应。原创性对于软文来说很重要。也许我们在写作中会经常参考其他站点，但是我们应该学会整合资源，用自己的话语表达出有自己观点的文章，这样才能达到站在“巨人的肩膀上” 的效果。

这次先跟大家分享这么多。

第三篇：英文自荐信写作技巧

Job cover letter how to write and how to transmit information as important, because the employer was likely to put personal statement about communication skills, as the first answer sheet.That being the case, cover letter writing skills what is it? See this article for your Weapon:

A successful privatization of the cover letter for job-seekers would try to form a letter directly to the relevant person in charge, reason is very simple: if only everyone could be vetted by a letter, then you definitely do not quite understand the company.Its side effect is to make employers think you are not enthusiastic about the job.Similarly, “Mr.King deacons,” the words simply can not bring attention to the person in charge.“Dear Sir or Madam” often cause the reader dissatisfaction.We have proposed here, as long as the conditions that each applicant is best able to make a phone call, visit the company's website or look at using the Internet to search directly responsible person's name and title.If you develop identify who is responsible for people's habits, then one day, you will also become one of them.Style of writing Nature: the use of simple popular language, sentence structure as simple as possible, not for novelty seeks unconventional and people think a mouthful.Language of colloquial language may wish to 1:00, there must be Aura, like his right, but do they not lost sense of proportion, and something obscene.Multi-purpose verbs, less use of the adjective, not to use the dictionary.Specific and straight to the point: personal statement is intended to leave a good impression on the personnel in charge so that he / she further reading burdensome personal job resume.The importance of cover letter is that it must always answer the question: “Why should I appointment to this job?”

Avoid clichés: Write a personal statement can not fall on the cliches, like “I am very popular with” increase of the sort best to the less suitable.positive attitude: do not complain about personal statement where the previous owner, or “frivolous”, “dull” to describe the previous work.Who wants to always have an emotional appointment of staff? In addition, we must pay attention not people think you are begging for a job, because personnel managers are likely to think poorly of your situation.Self-confident but not arrogant: Do not self-denial and do not be too humble.Tell the person in charge you are suitable for a particular job, but not to the command tone.Do not pretend to know things you do not know;explain why you would be interested in the company, this is enough.polite and professional: Maybe at a friend's face, you are a born comedian;face the personnel manager, distance and respect is the best get along with.Simple and effective Do not waste time on insignificant minutiae, the respect for people's time reading the letter to ensure that every word play its due role.print your personal statement or cover letter, but it also should be noted that illegible handwriting is likely to produce people tired of the emotions, it is best to print your letter, so that more formal.It must be reminded that, in the letter dated signature on the 10 million should be read carefully.Avoid typos, do not words.

第四篇：英文论文写作技巧

1.摘要

第二种是学术会议论文摘要。会议论文摘要往往在会议召开之前几个月撰写，目的是交给会议论文评审委员会评阅，从而决定是否能够录用。所以，比第一种略为详细，长度在200—300字之间。会议论文摘要的开头有必要简单介绍一下研究课题的意义、目的、宗旨等。如果在写摘要时，研究工作尚未完成，全部研究结果还未得到，那么，应在方法、目的、宗旨、假设等方面多花笔墨。

以上四种摘要具有许多共性。无论哪种摘要，内容一般都包括：

(1)目的(objectives，purposes)：包括研究背景、范围、内容、要解决的问题及解决这一问题的重要性和意义。

(2)方法(methods and materials)：包括材料、手段和过程。

(3)结果与简短讨论(results and discussions)：包括数据与分析。

(4)结论(conclusions)：主要结论，研究的价值和意义等。

无论哪种摘要，语言特点和文体风格也都相同。首先必须符合格式规范。第二，语言必须规范通顺，准确得体，用词要确切、恰如其分，而且要避免非通用的符号、缩略语、生偏词。另外，摘要的语气要客观，不要作出言过其实的结论。

一般来说，摘要必须包括研究目的，研究方法，研究结果，主要结论等内容。也就是说，摘要必须回答“研究什么”、“怎么研究”、“得到了什么结果”、“结果说明了什么”等问题。

 引言(Introduction)

引言的写作技巧

学术论文中的引言(Introduction)是对全文内容和结构的总体勾画。引言尽管不像摘要那样有一定的篇幅限制和相对固定的格式，但在内容和结构模式上也有需要遵循的规律。本章首先介绍这些规律，然后探讨需要掌握的语言技巧。

8.1 引言的内容与结构布局

引言的主要任务是向读者勾勒出全文的基本内容和轮廓。它可以包括以下五项内容中的全部或其中几项：

介绍某研究领域的背景、意义、发展状况、目前的水平等;

对相关领域的文献进行回顾和综述，包括前人的研究成果，已经解决的问题，并适当加以评价或比较；

指出前人尚未解决的问题，留下的技术空白，也可以提出新问题、解决这些新问题的新方法、新思路，从而引出自己研究课题的动机与意义；

说明自己研究课题的目的；

概括论文的主要内容，或勾勒其大体轮廓。

如何合理安排以上这些内容，将它们有条有理地给读者描绘清楚，并非容易之事。经验告诉我们，引言其实是全文最难写的—部分。这是因为作者对有关学科领域的熟悉程度，作者的知识是渊博、还是贫乏，研究的意义何在、价值如何等问题，都在引言的字里行间得以充分体现。

我们可以将引言的内容分为三到四个层次来安排(如图8.1所示)。第一层由研究背景、意义、发展状况等内容组成，其中还包括某一研究领域的文献综述；第二层提出目前尚未解决的问题或急需解决的问题，从而引出自己的研究动机与意义；第三层说明自己研究的具体目的与内容；最后是引言的结尾，可以介绍一下论文的组成部分。

第五篇：英语知识讲解：英文求职信的写作技巧

应用文主要包括书信、摘要、报告、备忘录四种。下面以求职信为例，谈应用文的写作，希望读者能举一反三。同时求职信是大学生步入社会、走向工作岗位的第一步，了解求职信的写法具有实际意义。转贴于

那么，如何用地道流利的英语写好一份求职信呢？关键要处理好求职信的五个组成部分：写信动机、自我介绍、本人能力、结尾、附件。

一、写信动机

通常求职信是针对报纸上招聘广告而写的。若此，信中须提到何月何日的报纸，有时工作机会是从朋友或介绍所听来的，有时写信人不知某机构、公司有工作机会，毛遂自荐。不论哪一种，求职信上一定要说明写信的缘由和目的。

因此首先应该表明你是在何家媒体看到应聘广告以及所要应聘的职位。参考例句：

1.In reply to your advertisement in today’s newspaper,I respectfully offer my services for the situation.拜读今日XX报上贵公司的广告,本人特此备函应征该职位。

2.Replying to your advertisement into-day’s issue of the(newspaper),I wish to apply for the position in your esteemed firm.拜读贵公司在今日(报纸)上广告,特此备函应征贵公司该职位。

3.With reference to your advertisement in(newspaper)of May 2for a clerk，I offer myself for the post.从五月二日XX报上广告栏得知贵公司招聘一位职员，我愿应招。

4.I wish to apply for the position advertised in the enclosed clipping from the(newspaper)of November 12.谨随函附上十一月十二日XX报贵公司招聘广告，我愿应招此职位。

5.In answer to your advertisement into-day’s newspaper for a secretary,I wish to tender my services.阁下在今日XX报上刊登招聘秘书广告，本人获悉，特此应招。

6.Learning from XX that you are looking for a sales manager,I should like to apply for the position.从XX处得悉，贵公司正在招聘一名业务经理，我愿应招此职。

7.Your advertisement for a telephone operator in the newspaper of March 8has interested me,I feel I can fill that position.贵公司三月八日在XX报上刊登招聘电话接线员广告，本人拜读后极感兴趣，相信能担任此职。

二、自我介绍

写信人应述明自己的年龄或出生年月、教育背景，尤其与应征职位有关的训练或教育科目、工作经验或特殊技能。如无实际经验，略述在学类似经验亦可。参考例句：

1.For the past three years,I have been in the office of the XX Trading Co., where I have been an accountant.本人曾经在XX贸易公司服务三年，担任会计工作。

2.I am twenty years of age,and have been employed for the last two years by the XX Co.,in the general clerical work of the office.我今年20岁，曾在XX

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