专业舞台灯光中英文对照表

第一篇：专业舞台灯光中英文对照表

专业舞台灯光中英文对照表:

希望对大家有所帮助: 插座、插头和其它连接物（电器连接）Sockets, plugs and other contacts

[electric connections]插头、插座及其他接触器（电接头）Plugs, sockets and other contacts

[electric connections]表面覆有带电导体的玻璃 Glass covered with an electrical conductor光学纤维（光导单纤维）Optical fibers [fibres] [light conducting filaments]螺线管阀（电磁开关）Solenoid valves [electromagnetic switches]真空电子管（无线电）Vacuum tubes [radio]螺线管阀（电磁开关）Valves(Solenoid –)[electromagnetic switches]方铅晶体（检波器）Galena crystals [detectors]光导丝（光学纤维）Light conducting filaments [optical fibers [fibres]]光电开关（电器）Cell switches [electricity]扼流线圈（阻抗）Coils(Choking –)[impedance]贵重金属电器插头 Contacts, electric, of precious metal灯光调节器（电）Dimmers [regulators](Light –)[electric]配电控制台（电）Distribution consoles [electricity]灯光调节器（电）Light dimmers [regulators] [electric]照明设备用镇流器 Lighting ballasts电线接线器（电）Wire connectors [electricity]合金线（保险丝）Wires of metal alloys [fuse wire]扫描灯及筒灯系列 scanner & barrel light扼流圈（阻抗）Choking coils [impedance]非照明用放电管 Discharge tubes, electric, other than for lighting磁性材料和器件 magnetism material and apparatus水银整流器阴极 mercury rectifier cathode减压器（电源）Reducers [electricity]调光器（电的）Regulators [dimmers](Light –)[electric]继电器（电的）Relays, electric舞台灯光调节器 Stage lighting regulators晶体管（电子）Transistors [electronic]非照明用放电管 Tubes(Electric discharge –), other than for lighting电感应圈支架 Coils(Holders for electric –)控制板（电）Control panels [electricity]配电盘（电）Distribution boards [electricity]配电箱（电）Distribution boxes [electricity]高低压开关板 height voltage swith plank电感应圈支架 Holders for electric coils逆变器（电）Inverters [electricity]接线盒（电）Junction boxes

[electricity]电动调节设备 Regulating apparatus, electric接线柱（电）Terminals

[electricity]热离子灯和管 Thermionic lamps and tubes自动定时开关 Time switches, automatic变压器（电）Transformers [electricity]晶片（锗片）Wafers [silicon slices]

第二篇：纽扣的专业中英文对照表

关于纽扣的专业中英文对照

发布时间：2008-12-17 11:43:07 发布人：中国服装辅料网

Coconutbuttons椰子纽扣 Glassbuttons

Hornbuttons

Jeansbuttons

Metalbuttons

Plasticbuttons

Shellbuttons

Snapbuttons

Woodenbuttons

玻璃纽扣 角质纽扣 牛仔纽扣 金属纽扣 塑料纽扣 贝壳纽扣 按扣 木质纽扣

第三篇：袜子专业用语中英文对照表

袜子专业用语中英文对照表

英文对中国人来说比较难,都是形式英语,今天做为静脉曲张袜的行业网站就给大家介绍用英语表述一些袜子的专业用语。比如静脉曲张袜主要材质是：莱卡Lycra,氨纶polyurethane/spandex/lycra。丝袜透明丝袜sheer,长统丝袜panty-hose,少丝、单丝missingyarn,抽丝laddering,长丝ContinuousFilament丝光Mercerized,鞘形纱Core

英文对中国人来说比较难,都是形式英语,今天做为静脉曲张袜的行业网站就给大家介绍用英语表述一些袜子的专业用语。比如静脉曲张袜主要材质是：莱卡 Lycra,氨纶 polyurethane/spandex/lycra。

丝袜

透明丝袜 sheer,长统丝袜 panty-hose,少丝、单丝 missing yarn,抽丝 laddering,长丝 Continuous Filament丝光 Mercerized ,鞘形纱 Core-Spun Yarn,网眼袜 Nets,网眼 mesh, 光棉 mercerizedcotton ,包芯纱 Covered Yarn,彩色金属丝 Metallic Yarn,尼龙拉伸变形丝 DTY nylon ,单孔丝 Monofilament Yarn,长丝 filament,尼龙弹力丝 stretchnylon,天丝 tencel,（人造丝）rayon ,蚕丝袜子 Silk,亮丝 lame,绢丝 spun silk

医用弹力袜

医疗袜 Therapeutic ,连裤袜 pantyhose,中统（筒）袜 high socks,长统（筒）袜 Stocking,九分裤 spats,短统袜 sock panel,袜套(腿与袜子之间)Boot Liner,糖尿病/关节炎袜 Diabetic/Arthritic Sock,齐膝袜 Knee-Highs,翻口短袜 Cuffed,弹力袜 Stretch Socks.功能丝袜

运动袜 Athletic Socks,睡袜 Bed,休闲袜 Casuals,男士半腿袜 Crew Socks,自行车袜 Cycling,男士花式袜 Fancies,滑雪袜 Ski Sock,跑步袜 Running,学生袜 Slouch Sock,船袜 Low cut =slipper socks,短袜socks,船袜 Footsocks=sneakers,高尔夫球袜 Golf,舒适护腿袜 Graduated Support,发热袜 Thermal Socks,狩猎袜 Hunting,护膝 leg warmers Knee Warmers

袜子单位

旦尼尔(细度单位)Denier,袜脚 foot, 直统、无跟 tuble,袜跟 heel,尺寸表 size chart口长 length of top

统长 boot length尺码 size

统宽 boot width底长 sole length

横密 coursewise density底宽 sole width

横拉 coursewise extension线圈密度 stitch density

卷边性 edge-rolling纵密 walewise density

高跟高 height of reinforced heel直拉 walewise extension

脱散性 laddering口宽 width of top

第四篇：中国商标法专业词汇中英文对照表

商标法专业词汇中英文对照表

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.全国人大常委会第三十次会议

the 30th Session of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress 商标注册 trademark registration 商标注册的审查和核准 examination and approval of trademark registration 注册商标的续展、转让和使用许可 renewal, assignment and licensing of registered trademarks 注册商标争议的裁定 the determination of disputes concerning registered trademarks 商标使用的管理 the administration of the use of the trademarks 注册商标专用权的保护 the protection of the Right to Exclusive Use of a registered trademark 总则 general provisions 附则 supplementary provisions 10.生产、经营者 the producers and operators 11.社会主义市场经济 the Socialist market economy 12.国务院工商行政管理部门商标局 the Trademark Office of the administrative department for industry and commerce under the State Council 13.商标评审委员会 the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board 14.商品商标 the commodity trademark 服务商标 the service trademark 集体商标 the collective trademark

证明商标 the certification trademark 15.商标注册人享有商标专用权，受法律保护 the trademark registrants shall be entitled to the right to exclusive use of their trademarks and protected by law.16.(重复前面提到的)该组织

the said organization 17.监督能力 the supervising power 18.限期提出答辩 to reply within the specified period 19.该组织以外的单位或者个人 the units and individuals apart from the said organizations 20.自然人、法人或者其他组织对其生产、制造、加工、拣选或者经销的商品，需要取得商标专用权的，应当向商标局申请商品商标注册。Any natural person, legal person and other organization that needs to acquire the right to exclusive use of the trademark for the commodities it produces, manufactures, processes, selects or markets shall file an application for commodity trademark registration with the Trademark Office.21.适用于…,对….有适用性

be applicable to 22.共同享有和行使该商标专用权 to enjoy and exercise the right to exclusive use of their trademark jointly 23.关于、至于 with respect to / in respect of 24.国家规定必须使用注册商标的商品 the commodities that the State has designated as requiring the use of a registered trademark

25.各级工商行政管理部门 the administrative departments for industry and commerce at all levels 26.欺骗消费者的行为 practices that deceives the customers 27.有显著特征，便于识别 have distinctive characteristics easy to identify 28.中央国家机关 the central government agencies 29.标志性建筑物 the symbol buildings 30.与…相同或相近的be identical with or similar to …

31.不易误导公众的商标 trademarks unlikely to mislead the public 32.带有民族歧视性的 trademarks having the nature of discrimination against any nationality

33.夸大宣传并带有欺骗性的商标 trademarks that constituting exaggerated advertising and are deceitful 34.有害于社会主义道德风尚或者有其他不良影响的商标 trademarks detrimental to socialist morality and 1 customs, or having other harmful influences 35.县级以上行政区划 the administrative districts at the level of county or above 36.驰名商标 the well-known trademark 37.委托人/被代理人

the principal 38.被代表人

the represented 39.提出异议 raise an opposition 40.已经善意取得注册的继续有效 trademarks that have been registered in good faith shall continue to be valid 41.人文因素 human cultural factors 42.对等原则 the principle of reciprocity 43.一国和中华人民共和国签订的协议或者共同参加的国际条约 any agreement concluded between a foreign country and PRC, or any international treaty to which both countries are parties 44.委托国家认可的具有商标代理资格的组织代理 to entrust an organization certified by the Chinese Government as having the qualification for trademark agency to act on its behalf 45.商品类别和商品名称 the class and the designation of the commodities 46.变更申请 an application to make the change 47.相互承认优先权的原则 the principle of mutual acknowledgement of the right of priority 48.书面声明 a written declaration 49.中国政府主办的或者承认的国际展览会 any international exhibition sponsored or acknowledged by the Chinese Government 50.符合…，与…一致

in conformity with

51.初步审定 make a preliminary examination and approval of sth.52.予以公告

publicly announce sth.53.向人民法院起诉 file an action to the people’s court / bring a suit before a people’s court/ to institute legal proceedings in people’s court 54.控告某人 to bring an action against sb.55.做出裁定 make a ruling 56.生效 to take effect 57.异议成立 the opposition is upheld [uphold 维持，批准 e.g.: The judge upheld the lower court's decision.] 58.公告期满 the period of public announcement expires 59.通知当事人 to notify the parties 60.注册商标的有效期为十年，自核准注册之日起计算 the period of validity of a registered trademark shall be 10 years, counted from the day the registration is approved.61.转让人 the assignors 受让人 the assignees 62.授权，批准 to authorize 许可人 the licensors 被许可人the licensees 63.商标使用许可合同应当报商标局备案 the trademark licensing contract shall be submitted to the Trademark Office for the archivist purpose.64.不正当手段 the illicit means 65.对恶意注册的，驰名商标所有人不受五年的时间限制 the owner of a well-known trademark shall not be subject to the limit of 5 years to request the revocation of bad-faith registration.66.限期提出答辩 to reply within the specified period 67.商标裁定程序 the trademark ruling proceedings 68.责令限期改正 to order rectification of the situation within a specified period 69.自行…的（未经允许的…）without authorization 2 70.连续三年 three consecutive years 71.粗制滥造，以次充好的商品 crudely manufactured commodities that are passed off as being of high quality 72.予以通报或者处以罚款 to circulate a notice on the matter or impose a fine 73.冒充注册商标 to falsely represent a trademark as being a registered one 74.遵守规定，履行决定

to comply with a decision 75.强制执行 a compulsory enforcement of(the decision)76.侵犯注册商标专用权 be an infringement upon the right to exclusive use / infringe upon the right to exclusive use 77.侵权行为成立 an infringement is constituted 78.没收、销毁侵权商品 to confiscate and destroy the infringing commodities 79.《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》the Administrative Procedure Law of the PRC 80.《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》the Civil Procedure Law of the PRC 81.就赔偿数额进行调解 to conduct mediation over the amount of compensation for sth.82.有权依法查处 to have the right to investigate into and punish the acts…

83.涉嫌犯罪的行为，应当及时移送司法机关依法处理 if a crime is suspected to be constituted, the case shall be promptly transferred to the judicial departments for handling according to law.84.违法嫌疑证据或者举报 the evidence for suspicion of illegal acts or the report made by other people 85.行使下列职权

to exercise the following powers 86.调查有关情况 to investigate the information relating to …

87.查阅有关的合同、发票、账簿以及其他有关资料 to consult the contracts, vouchers, account books and other relevant materials 88.实施现场检查 to conduct on-spot examination 89.查封或者扣押 to seal up or seize the relevant articles 90.通过…所获得的利益 the proceeds obtained from … 91.由于…所受到的损失

the losses suffered by …

92.根据侵权行为的情节 according to the circumstances of the infringing acts 93.承担赔偿责任 to bear the liability for compensation 94.难以弥补的损害 irreparable damages 95.财产查封 attachment of property 96.责令停止有关行为和财产保全的措施 an order of the measures for stopping relevant acts and for attachment 97.保全证据 to preserve the evidence

98.裁定立即开始执行 the ruling shall be executed immediately 99.提供担保 to provide security 100.驳回申请 to reject the application 101.解除保全措施 discharge the measures for preservation 102.依法追究刑事责任 to investigate into for the criminal responsibilities according to law 103.国家机关工作人员必须秉公执法，廉洁自律，忠于职守，文明服务 the functionaries of state organs must handle the cases justly, be incorruptible and self-disciplined, be devoted to their duties and serve in a courteous and honest way 104.从事…活动 to undertake the activities of …

105.建立健全内部监督制度 to establish and improve the internal supervision system 106.玩忽职守 to neglect one’s duties 滥用职权 to abuse one’s powers 徇私舞弊 to practice favoritism / to engage in malpractice for personal gain 3 107.牟取不正当利益 to seek improper profits 108.给予行政处分 give sb.administrative punishment 109.生效，（法律、法规）施行 go into effect / enter into force 110.同时废止 to be repealed simultaneously 111.公布法律条例 to promulgate a law / regulation 112.《中华人民共和国商标法》the Trademark Law of the PRC

第五篇：市场营销专业词汇中英文对照表2

第2部分：

maintenance strategy 保持战略 management overhead 管理费 mandatory adaptation 强制性适应 manufacturer brand 制造商/全国性品牌 manufacturers' agents/representatives 生产商的代理商/销售代表

manufacturers' export agents(MEA)制造商出口代理

manufacturers' sales offices/branches 生产商的销售办事处/分支机构

market aggregation strategy 整体市场战略 market attractiveness factors 市场吸引力因素

market attractiveness 市场吸引力

market attractiveness/business position matrix 市场吸引力/业务地位矩阵 market circumstances 市场环境

market demorgraphics 市场人口分布/统计特征

market dimension 市场量度 market entry strategies 市场进入战略 market exclusion 市场排斥

market expansion strategy 市场扩张战略 market factors 市场因素 market growth rate 市场增长率 market hirarchy 市场等级 market inclusion 市场纳入 market measurement 市场测量

market opportunity analysis 市场机会分析 market position factors 市场地位因素 market positioning analysis 市场定位分析 market potential measurements 市场潜力测度

market segment 细分市场 market segmentation 市场细分 market targeting 目标市场选择

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marketability 市场开拓能力 market-entry strategies 市场进入战略 marketing action plan 营销行动计划 marketing audit 营销审计 marketing channel 营销渠道

marketing codes of conduct 营销行为规范 marketing communication 营销沟通/传播 marketing concept 营销观念 marketing control 营销控制

marketing decision support systems(MDSS)营销决策支持系统

marketing environment audit 营销环境审计 marketing flows and functions 营销过程和职能

marketing function area audit 营销功能领域的 审计

marketing implications of 对营销的影响 marketing information system 营销信息系统 marketing institutions 营销机构 marketing management 营销管理 marketing message 营销信息 marketing mix 营销组合 marketing policy 营销策略

marketing productivity area audit 营销生产力领域的审计

marketing program components 营销计划内容

marketing program 营销计划/方案 marketing relationship 营销关系 marketing research 营销研究 marketing strategy 营销战略

market-management organizational structure 市场管理组织结构

mark-up price 产品/溢价价格 Marlboro 万宝路 Marriott Hotel 万豪酒店 mass-market penetration strategy 大规模市场渗透战略

mass-market strategy 大市场战略 matrix organizational structure 矩阵组织结构

Matsushita 日本松下电子

mature conformists 成熟的随大流者 mature markets 成熟市场

mature stage of product life cycle 产品生命周期的成熟阶段 McDonald's 麦当劳

McDonnell Douglas 麦道公司 MCI电讯公司（前世界通信公司）MDSS(Marketing-Decision Support System)市场决策支持系统 measurability 可测度性 measure or index 测量指标 measurement criteria 计量标准 media audiences 媒体受众

medical and health services 医疗卫生服务 Medico Containment Services memory of consumers 消费者记忆 Mercedes-Benz 梅赛德斯-奔驰

Mercer Management Consulting 美国美智管理顾问公司 merchandising 推销

merchant middlemen 国内贸易中间商 merchant wholesalers 商业批发商 message structure 信息结构 Michael Porter 迈克尔-波特 micro risks 微观风险 microsegmentatioin 微观细分

Miller Tyding ACT, USA 米勒·泰丁法案 minging 矿业

Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing 2 / 10

Company(3M)明尼苏达矿业和制造公司 Minolta 美能达

miscellaneous sources 多方面来源 mission 宗旨

missionary selling 推销式销售 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries 三菱重工 modified rebuy 调整再购

monosegment positioning 单一细分市场定位

Monsanto 孟山都农业生物技术公司 moral appeals 伦理/道德诉求 morals 道德 Motorola 摩托罗拉

multichannel distribution 多渠道分销 multidimensional scaling 多维等级法 multilevel selling 多级销售

multinational coporations(MNCs)跨国公司 multiple test markets 多测试市场 multiple-brand strategy 多品牌战略 multiple-factor index 多因素指数法 multisegment positioning 多重细分市场定位national account management 全国性客户管理

national market 国内市场

National Semiconductor 美国国家半导体公司

net sales 净销售额

network computer(NC)网络计算机 new business selling 新业务销售 new buy 购入新产品 new entrants 新进入者

New Prod screening model 新普罗德筛选模型

new-product ideas 新产品创意 Newsweek 《新闻周刊》

new-task buying 全新采购

new-to-the-world products 世界性新产品 niche penetration strategy 壁龛/机会市场渗透战略

niche-market strategy 壁龛市场战略 no-brand brand name 无品牌的品牌名称 no-frills product 无虚饰产品

noise in communication system 传播系统中的噪音

non-financial rewards 非物质性奖励措施 non-probability sampling 非概率抽样 non-store retailing 无店铺零售业 number of stockouts 迟滞数目 object-and-task method of promotion budgeting 目标-任务促销预算法 objectives and strategy area audit 目标与战略领域的审计 objectives 具体目标 observation 观察法

occupancy costs 房屋占用成本 occupation/position 职业/职位 odd pricing 奇/余数定价法 oeverall quality 总体质量

off-invoice discounts 发票之外的折扣 offsets 抵消交易 on-air testing 广播测试

OPEC(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)欧佩克（石油输出国组织）opening relationships 建立关系 operating supplies 生产供应品 operational excellence 运作管理水平opinion leaders 意见领导者 opportunity cost 机会成本 opportunity identification 机会识别 opportunity/threat matrix 机会/威胁矩阵

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order cycle time 订货周期 order processing 订单处理 organisational level 组织层次

organizaitonal requirement planning 组织需求计划

organization area audit 组织领域的审计 organization buying center 组织采购中心 organizational customer 组织顾客 organizational direct selling 组织直销 organizational markets 组织市场 organizational purchasing 组织采购 organzational structure 组织结构 outdoor enthusiasts 户外运动爱好者 out-of-home media 户外广告媒体 overall cost leadership 全面成本领先 overheads 日常开支

ownership of new product 新产品所有权 panel of experts 专家小组 parentage 渊源

parties involved 交换中的各方 payment terms 支付条款 pay-off control 支出控制 penetration pricing 渗透定价

perceived customer value 顾客感知价值 perceived quality 感知到的质量 perceived value 感知到的价值 percentage of sales promotion budgeting method 销售额百分比促销预算法 perceptions of consumers 消费者感知/理解 perceptual(product)pisitioning 感知（产品）定位

perceptual map 感知图

perceptual organization 感知组织 perceptual vigilance 感性的警惕 performance dimension 业绩标准 performance evaluation 业绩评估 performance measures 表现/业绩测度 performance objective 绩效目标 performance standards 绩效标准 performance 功能 perishability 非持久性 personal selling 人员推销 personal sources 个人的信息来源 personnel development 人力资源开发 pharmaceuticals industry 医药行业 physical(product)positioning 物理（产品）定位

physical descriptors 物理变量 physical distribution 实物分销 Pillsbury 皮尔斯博瑞 place utility 地点效用

planning and control system area audit 计划与控制系统领域的审计

point of sale information 销售点信息 point-of-purhcase(POP)promotion 采购点促销

point-of-sales(POS)data 销售点数据 pontificator 保守派 popularity 通用性 population trends 人口趋势

portfolio models for resource allocation 资源配置的资产组合模式

position intensity 地位集中程度 possession utility 拥有效用

post-purchase dissonance 购买后的不协调 post-purchase evaluation 购买后评估 power in distribution 分销权力 power of buyers 购买者能力 power of suppliers 供应商能力 predatory pricing 掠夺性定价法

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pre-empting scarce resources 先占稀缺资源 preferential treatment 特惠待遇 premiums 额外奖励

present competitors 现有的竞争者 presenting sales message 提供销售信息 pre-test market research 测试前市场研究 price discrimination 价格歧视

price elasticity of demand 需求的价格弹性 price fixing 价格设定 price leaders 价格领导者 price lining 价格排列定价法 price/earnings ration 价格/收益比 price-off promotions 降价促销 price-setting process 定价过程 pricing adjustments 定价调整 primary demand 基本需求 primary sources 第一类/主要数据 print media 印刷媒体

private/for-profit organization 私营/盈利性组织

PRIZM(Potential Rating Index for Zip Markets)按邮政区划为基础的潜力等级指数

proactive new-product development strategy 进取型新产品开发战略 probability sampling 概率抽样 problem formulation 界定问题 problem identificatioin 确定问题 process management 过程管理 Procter & Gamble(P&G)宝洁公司 product availability 产品的可获得性 product category 产品类别 product class 产品类别 product decisions 产品决策 product design 产品设计 product dimension or attributes 产品维度/属性

product evolution 产品演变 product features 产品特征 product intent share 产品倾向份额 product leadership 产品领导能力 product life cycle(PLC)产品生命周期 product life cycle curve 产品生命周期曲线 product manager audit 产品经理审计 product offering 供应品

product organizaiton of salesforce 按产品组织销售队伍

product policies 产品策略 product scope 产品范围 product space 产品位置 product systems 产品体系 product type 产品类型 product usage 产品用途

product(ion)-oriented organization 产品/生产导向型组织

product-line pricing adjustments 产品线定价调整

product-management organizational structure 产品管理组织结构

product-market entry control 产品－市场进入控制

product-related behavioral descriptors 与产品相关的行为变量

product's market characteristics 产品的市场特征

product-use testing 产品使用测试 pro-environment 环保

profit impact of market strategy(PIMS)市场战略的利润影响

profitability analysis 盈利性分析 profitability 盈利性/盈利能力

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profitable survivor strategy 有利可图的生存者战略

project-company resource compatibility 项目与公司资源的协调性

projected profit-and-loss statement 预计损益表

projective tests 投影测试 promotion decisions 促销决策 promotion mix 促销组合 promotion policies 促销策略 promotional allowance 促销折让 promotional effort 促销努力 promotional pricing 促销定价 promptness 及时性

propector strategy 探索型战略 prospecting for customers 寻找顾客 psychographics 心理统计特征 psychological cost 心理成本 psychological pricing 心理定价法 public utilities 公共设施 publicity 公共宣传

pull strategy for control of distribution channels 分销渠道控制的拉式战略 pupil dilation 瞳孔扩张

purchase predisposition 购买倾向 purchasing agent 采购代理

purchasing power perity(PPP)购买力平价指数

push money/spiffs 佣金

push stragtegy for control of distribution channels 分销渠道控制的推式战略 qualifying prospects 审查潜在顾客资格 quality dimensions 质量维度 quantity discount 数量折扣 question marks 问题类 questioning 询问法 quotas 定额

R & D expenditure 研究开发战略 race and ethnic origin 种族和民族 rack jobbers 供应超级市场的批发商 rank ordering 排序 rate of adoption 采购率

rate-of-return/target return pricing 回报率/目标回报定价法

rational appeals 理性诉求 rationale 基本原理

reactive and proactive responses 反应及前摄策略

reactive new-product development strategy reactor strategy 反应型战略 rebates 回扣 recall tests 记忆测试 receiver 接收者 reciprocity 利益互惠

recognition of problem/need 发现问题/需求 recognition tests 认知测试 recreation 娱乐业

recruitment and selection 招聘与选拔 recycling of packaging 包装回收（利用）reference group 参照群体 referent power 参照权 refocus 巩固 refunds 退款

refusal to deal 拒绝经营 regression analysis 回归分析法 regulation 管制

related/concentric diversification 相关/同心多元化

relational VMSs 相关式垂直营销系统 relative attractiveness of declining markets 衰 6 / 10

退市场的相对吸引力

relative market potential 相对市场潜力 relative market share 相对市场份额 reliability 可靠性

repeat purchase behavior 重复购买行为 repetition 重复

repositionings 重新定位产品 requirements planning 需求计划 reseller 中间商

resident buyers 常驻采购员

resource allocation/deployment 资源配置 response strategies 反应策略 response to communication 传播响应 responsive strategy 反应型新产品开发战略 responsiveness 响应性

retail coverage strategy 零售范围战略 Retail Index 零售指数 retail sales 零售额

retailer co-operatives 零售商合作社 retailer 零售商

retailing trends 零售趋势

Return on Equity(ROE)权益回报率 Return on Investment(ROI)投资回报率 Return on Net Assets(RONA)净资产回报率

reverse engineering 反向工程 reward systems 奖励系统 rivalry determinants 竞争决定因素 rivalry 竞争对手 roster 名册

sales agents 销售代理商

sales analysis by customer 顾客销售分析 sales analysis by order size 订货规模的销售分析

sales analysis by product 产品销售分析 sales analysis by territory 区域销售分析 sales forcasting 销售预测 sales force estimates 销售人员估计 sales force size 销售队伍规模 sales force 销售队伍 sales forecasting 销售预测 sales management 销售管理 sales organization 销售组织

sales personnel incentives 销售人员激励 sales personnel 销售人员 sales potential 销售潜力 sales territory 销售地区 sales trends 销售趋势

sales/price reduction 销售/价格下降 sample design 样本设计 sample size 样本大小 sampling 抽样 sampling 提供样品 scale efficiency 规模效率 scaled measures 比例测度 scoring models 评判模型 screening of ideas 创意筛选 sealed bidding 招标

secondary sources 第二类/次要数据 second-but-better new-product development strategy 后者居上型新产品开发战略 security 证券业

segmentation and targeting 细分与目标选择 segmentation criteria 细分标准 segmentation descriptors 市场细分变量 selective demand 选择性需求 selective distribution 选择分销 selective exposure 选择性接触 selective perception 选择性感知/理解 selective retention 选择性保留

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self-employed person 独立经营的个人 self-managing teams 自我管理团队 self-oriented 自我导向型 selling groups 销售团队

selling proposition 销售计划/提议 selling 推销/销售

service guarantees 服务保证 serviceability 服务能力 serviceability 适用性 services channels 服务渠道 servicing products 服务产品 servicing the account 客户服务 setting quotas 确定定额 shake-out stage 动荡阶段

shared programs/facilities 分享计划/设备 share-growth strategies for followers 追随者的市场份额增长战略 shareholder value 股东价值 share-maintenance 份额保持 Sherman Act, USA 美国谢尔曼法案 signal vehicle/carrier 信号载体 simulated test marketing 模拟市场测试 single-factor index 单因素指数法 single-line mass-merchandiser stores 单一类型产品专营连锁店

skimming and early withdrawal 撇脂与尽早撤离战略

skimming pricing 撇脂定价法

sleepwalker/contented underachievers 梦游者/很容易满足的人

slotting allowance 安置津贴 social acceptability 社会可接受性 social class 社会阶层 social objectives 社会目标

sociocultural environment 社会文化环境 soft goods 非耐用品 soft technology 软技术

sole ownership entry strategy 独享所有权的进入战略

source credibility 信息来源的可信度 source 广告信息来源

sources of new-product ideas 新产品创意来源

speciality goods 特殊品 speciality retailers 专营零售商 speciality stores 专营商店 specialization 专门化

Standard Industrial Classification(SIC)标准工业分类代码

standardization strategy 标准化战略 standby positioning 备用定位 staple goods 日常用品

statement of job qualifications 工作要求说明stock levels 库存水平

stockless purchase arrangement 无存货采购计划

store brands 零售商品牌

straight commission compensation plan 纯佣金制薪酬方案

straight rebuy 直接再购

straight salary compensation plan 纯薪金制薪酬方案

strategic control 战略控制 strategic fit 战略协调性 strategic group 战略组 strategic inertia 战略惯性 strategic intent/objective 战略目标 strategic marketing program 战略营销计划 strategic pricing objectives 战略定价目标 strategic withdrawal 战略撤退

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strategy constraints 战略影响因素 strategy formulation and implementation 战略制定和实施

strategy implementation 战略实施 strategy reassessment 战略重估 subculture 亚文化 subfactor 次级因素 substitute goods 替代品

substitution threat 替代产品的威胁 Sumitomo 住友商事

Sun Microsystems 太阳微系统 supplementary media 辅助性广告媒体 suppliers' bargaining power 供应商的讨价还价能力

surrogate products 替代产品 survival pricing 生存定价法

sustainable competitive advantage 可持续的竞争优势

sweepstakes 彩票抽奖 switching cost 转换成本 synergy 协同作用 tabulation 制表 tangibility 有形性 target audience 目标受众

target level of product quality 产品质量标准 target or hurdle level 目标或难度水平target return price 目标回报价格 targeting strategy 目标市场选择战略 targeting 目标市场选择 team selling 团队销售 technical selling 技术销售

television audience measurement 电视观众测量

television home shopping 电视家庭购物 territorial restrictions 地区限制

territories 区域

territory design and deployment 区域设计及部署

territory inventory 地区存货 test marketing 市场测试 testing new product 测试新产品

the American Association for Public Opinion Research 美国公共意见研究协会 the Council of American Survey Research Organization 美国调查研究组织委员会 the Fishbein Model 菲什宾模型

the Marketing Research Association 营销研究协会

theatre tests 现场测试

threat of new entrants 新进入者的威胁 three order-hierarchy models 三阶段层级结构模型

time frame 时间框架/要求 time pricing 时间定价 time utility 时间效用 Timex 天美时 title 所有权 total cost 总成本

total quality managemnt(TQM)全面质量管理

Toys 'R' Us 美国著名玩具零售商 tracking and monitoring 跟踪与监控 trade promotion 贸易促销 trade selling 贸易销售

trade/functional discounts 贸易/职能折扣 trade-in allowance 以旧换新折让 transactiional efficiency 交易效率 transaction cost analysis(TCA)交易成本分析

turnkey construction contract 监督建筑契约

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turnover 人员流动

two-sided presentations 双向信息陈述 tying contracts 附带条件的合同 types of adverstising 广告种类 types of brand 品牌种类 types of costs 成本种类

ultimate customers/end users 最终顾客/用户 underlying dimension 基本组成要素 uniform delivered pricing 统一运费定价法 Union Pacific Railroad 联合太平洋铁路 unit sales 单位产品销售额

unitary price elasticity 单位需求价格弹性 Universal Product Code(UPC)统一商品编码

universe（样本）总体

unrelated/conglomerate diversification 复合多元化

unsought goods 非渴求产品 usage 用途 use tests 使用测试

utility/price relationship 效用/价格关系 VALS2 价值与生活方式体系2 value-based planning 价值基础计划 variability 变化性 variable costs 可变成本 variable incentive 可变激励措施 VCR(video cassette recorder)录像机 vending sales 自动售货业

vending-machine operators 自动售货机经营商

vendor analysis 供应商分析 vertical integration 垂直/纵向一体化 vertical marketing systems(VMS)垂直营销系统 want 欲求 warranty 质量保证 wholesale clubs 批发俱乐部

wholesaler-sponsored voluntary chains 批发商发起的自愿连锁

wholesaling trends 批发趋势 win-back program 赢回（顾客）方案 working capital investment 周转资金投入 workload approach 计算工作量方法 zero defect 零缺陷 zone pricing 分区定价法

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