第一篇：银监会2009英语致辞 简介
银监会2009年年报刘主席致辞
Chairman’s Statement主席致辞
2009 was the most difficult year for China since the new century, with economic development being seriously challenged.In the wake of the severe shock rendered by the global financial crisis, world economy experienced twists and turns, and global financial market remained volatile.As the global economy slipped into deep recession, China’s economic performance was by no means de-coupled.Against the backdrop, China’s central government resolutely steered the nation to face up to the challenges and overcome the unprecedented adversities.Thanks to these efforts, downturn of the economy was reined in successfully, and the economy was placed back on track of an overall recovery and sustained development.Implementing macroeconomic adjustment policies
China’s central government responded to the fallout of the global financial crisis in a timely manner by adopting a host of measures to support sustained growth, boost domestic demand, adjust economic structure and improve people’s livelihood.The implementation of these policies required swift, resolute and effective endeavors.On its part, the CBRC instructed all banks to take into account the macroeconomic adjustments in providing credit support for the real economy, while holding on firmly to risk controls in the course of credit supply.In the first quarter when economic growth was mostly unsatisfactory, the banking sector provided a monthly average of RMB1.5 trillion of new loans, which contributed significantly to shoring up the economic recovery and preventing enterprises from falling due to broken liquidity chain.With the economy being re-stabilized, the CBRC timely guided the banking industry to bring credit expansion back on a normal track since the second quarter.Hence, credit supply slowed down steadily for the rest of the year, matching up sensibly with economic recovery pace.In the meantime, the CBRC required banking institutions to actively optimize credit portfolio and allocation, so as to give bank credit a full play in the transformation and restructuring of the national economy.Specifically, banking institutions were urged to increase the agricultural and SME loans, develop green credit, support energy-saving enterprises and projects, provide consumer credit for purchasing first homes, household appliances, automobiles and agricultural equipments, and facilitate key projects in line with national industrial policies.Overall, the banking industry played a pivotal role in underpinning economic recovery and restructuring in 2009.Enhancing supervisory effectiveness
Bearing in mind the mandate of conducting risk-based supervision, the CBRC remained vigilant against the embedded risks accumulated in the course of rapid credit expansion in 2009.Meanwhile, effective countermeasures were taken in a timely manner.Against the credit risks associated with banks’ lending to local government funding platforms(LGFPs), the CBRC specified three ‘bottom lines of defense‘.Firstly, banks are forbidden to extend package loans.Secondly, banks are prohibited from signing loan contracts with local governments to fund the projects with large contractual values but lack of commercial viability.Thirdly, banks are restricted in lending to the LGFPs recognized for insufficient equity, unsound corporate governance, weak internal controls, inefficient risk management, or unsatisfactory fund management and utilization.As for credit risks associated with real estate loans, the supervisory requirements are no less resolute and stringent.First of all, banks are required to follow the supervisory guidance in adjusting the down payment and mortgage rates.In case of providing residential mortgages, banks should interview and sign the contract with the borrowers in person, and should pay visit to the resident property in question in order to curb speculative investment.When lending to real estate projects, banks should examine the self-raised funds of the projects with due diligence.Besides, credit to property development companies should be managed on a consolidated basis rather than on a standalone basis.Where property developers are found to be in material violation of laws or regulations, banks are forbidden to grant loans regardless of the form and terms of loans.On top of the above requirements, loan disbursement procedures should be further refined to ensure the loans are disbursed to the ultimate beneficiary, while the flow of loans should be monitored, reviewed and properly controlled in order to prevent the misappropriation of loans.To address the impact of the global financial crisis and maintain the soundness of the banking industry, the CBRC attached equal importance to macroand micro-prudential supervision, strengthened counter-cyclical supervisory measures, and refined prudential supervisory toolkit.In terms of microprudential supervision, banking institutions were required to ensure efficient capital replenishment, limit cross-holding of subordinated debts, control large exposures, adjust LTV ratio dynamically, andadopt dynamic provisioning practices.On the front of macro-prudential supervision, the CBRC focused on updating supervisory policies on banks’ credit supply in tandem with changing macroeconomic situations, applying stress tests to assess industry-wide risks, further raising banks’ awareness of macroeconomic risks, and intensifying cooperation and information sharing with other government agencies.As tested by the global financial crisis, the CBRC’s practices in holding on to China-specific supervisory principles as well as China’s approach to applying simple, basic and useful supervisory ratios and methods proved effective and useful.The Chinaspecific
principles include combining rule-based and principle-based supervision, integrating micro-and macro-prudential supervision, expanding the scope of supervision and preventing cross-border and crosssector risk contagion.Such principles and approaches are adopted based on our past experiences, both reflective of China’s specific circumstances and largely consistent with the recent international recommendations on financial regulatory reform.Hence, we will continue such supervisory practices with appropriate updates, so as to better serve the broader endeavors of financial reform and sustained economic development in China.Promoting mechanism building foreffective supervision
In 2009, remarkable progress was made in mechanism building for effective supervision.After a wide range of consultations, the CBRC released a set of rules on loan disbursement and management, includingthe Provisional Rules Governing the Management of Fixed Assets Loans, the Provisional Rules Governing the Management of Working Capital Loans, the Provisional Rules Governing the Management of Retail Loans and the Guidelines on Project Financing(‘Three Rules and One Guidelines‘), which marked a milestone in the transformation of loan management practices of China’s banking sector.The ‘Three Rules and One Guidelines‘ require banking institutions to foster the concept of disbursing loans based on real economic demands, and establish the lending processes and procedures in which the functions of marketing, review, disbursement and management of loans are properly segregated.The purpose is to standardize loan disbursement practices, reinforce loan management and ensure that credit is properly disbursed to underpin the development of real economy.Apart from the reform of loan management practices, the CBRC continued to strengthen other aspects of the regulatory framework and enforcement.Guidelines were issued on the management of the key risks faced by the banking industry, including operational risk, liquidity risk, interest rate risk in the banking book, and reputational risk.Supervisory framework on IT risk was also developed.Onsite examination and off-site surveillance functions continued to improve, with the on-site examination analysis system(EAST)being applied in trial operations and the off-site surveillance system(OSS)being updated to enable consolidated supervision.Implementation of the Basel II forged ahead.Along the process, the existing supervisory rules were reviewed, evaluated and amended where necessary.In particular, in-depth reviews were made on the rules pertaining to corporate governance, compensation schemes, capital replenishment, leverage, liquidity, systemically important institutions and financial conglomerates, among others, with corresponding guidelines being issued or amended.In 2009, the CBRC became full member of the Financial Stability Board(FSB)and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision(BCBS).Facilitating balanced and sustaineddevelopment of the banking industry
The overall strength and international competitiveness of China's banking industry have been significantly elevated since the onset of reform and opening up, especially in the last seven years.This has enabled the banking system to maintain sound performance in 2009 even against the headwinds of the global financial crisis.As of end-2009, total assets of the banking industry reached RMB78.8 trillion, up by 26.2 percent compared with the beginning of the year.The average risk-weighed capital adequacy ratio(CAR)of commercial banks was 11.4 percent.The stock and ratio of non-performing loans(NPLs)falling to RMB497.3 billion and 1.58 percent respectively.The provisioning coverage ratio of commercial banks reached 155 percent, up by 38.6 percentage points from the year beginning.Net profit(after-tax)was RMB668.4 billion and return on equity(ROE)was 16.2 percent.Three large commercial banks in China, the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Construction Bank of China and Bank of China were ranked within world’s top five by capitalization.In 2009, banking sector reform continued.China Development Bank, the Export-Import Bank of China, the Agricultural Bank of China, the Postal Savings Bank of China and the new-type rural financial institutions as well as the 4 banking asset management companies all pressed ahead with reform and restructuring.Opening up of the banking sector proceeded smoothly, with domestic banks prudently expanding overseas presence, foreign banks actively broadening services into China’s western regions, Hong Kong and Macao banks permitted to open application-free inter-city subbranches within Guangdong province.Last but not the least, major progress was made in enhancing the banking supervisory cooperation cross the Strait.Encouraging financial innovations in a safeand sound manner
In 2009, the CBRC pushed forward commercial banks’ pilot engagement in cross-sector financial activities.Banks are allowed to make equity investment in insurance companies on a trial basis, with the investment by any one bank being limited to one insurance company.Other pilot schemes were also rolled out, including allowing listed banks to trade bonds in the stock exchanges and to invest in financial leasing companies.Pilot program for establishing consumer finance companies was officially launched to support the efforts in boosting domestic demand and stimulating the economy.A new department was set up within the CBRC to coordinate the supervision of credit guarantee firms, so as to alleviate the loan guarantee difficulties of the SMEs.Furthermore, innovation on low carbon financial products and green credit was advocated.While encouraging financial innovation, the CBRC also adopted effective measures to prevent associated risks.Banks are required to spin off the cross-sector activities if the ROA and ROE gained from such activities are below the average of corresponding sectors.The overriding principle for financial innovation is that innovation must serve the real economic needs, with the cost being
carefully accounted, risk being effectively managed and information being sufficiently disclosed.Guiding the industry to provide qualityservices and fulfill social responsibility
In 2009, the CBRC guided the banking industry towards improving services and alleviating the crisis’ negative impact on banking industry and economy.Commercial banks were encouraged to establish strategic business units(SBUs)for small enterprises lending.Licensing policy for small-and mediumsized commercial banks was adjusted to encourage their increased presence and services in rural areas.Intensified efforts were dedicated to extend coverage of financial services in under-banked and unbanked areas.Preparations for securing quality financial services for the 2010 Shanghai World Expo and the16th Asian Games in Guangzhou were also the key focuses of the CBRC’s work in 2009.Supervisory efforts were also made to guide the banking industry to earnestly protect the interests of financial consumers and undertake social responsibilities.Banks were encouraged to play their role in the reconstruction of the earthquakestricken regions by providing the needed credit support and streamlining the lending and NPL writeoff procedures.Banks were also called for to promote financial education, assist with the job creation for home-coming migrant rural workers and the young population, and improve financial services for the disadvantaged customers.Looking Forward: Vigilant and Prepared
Despite the encouraging signs in the world economy and global financial market, a recovery on firm ground is yet to land and stay.For the Chinese economy, endogenous forces driving the rebound remain insufficient and structural imbalances stay acute.The banking sector is facing equally daunting challenges in the course of running the business and managing risks, as new problems and old ones are coexisting and intertwined.Domestically, soundness of the banking sector is being tested by the increasing pressure of NPLs rebound, by the potential credit risks associated with lending to the LGFPs, and by the real estate sector and industries with excess capacity.Internationally, fundamental flaws underlined by the recent global financial crisis have not been resolved.Supervisors are still seeking for effective solutions to address such regulatory issues as too-big-tofail, systemic risks, cross-sector risk contagion, toxic assets stuck with the banking system, un-regulated shadow banking and quasi-banking institutions.In the meantime, trade protectionism and disputes, sovereign debt crisis, high unemployment rate and potential capacity overhang all point to the possibility of new challenges to the world economy.Vigilance is thus called for on the possible impact of these postcrisis threats.Coming through the global financial crisis, China’s banking sector has stepped onto a new level.We have full confidence in the progress and rise of China’s banking sector, but we remain cool-headed about the weaknesses to be addressed and fixed.As an ancient Chinese poem says, there will be a day when we brave the strong wind and surge the mountains high waves, hoist a sky-reaching sail to voyage on the vast blue sea.Our pursuit for the safety and soundness of China’s banking sector is non-stop.---------------
About the CBRC
Our Mandate, Objectives & Missions-------------
Mandate：Regulating and supervising banking institutions and their business operations in China.Objectives：To protect fair competition in banking industry and enhance the industry’s competitiveness, and thereby promoting the safety and soundness of banking industry and maintaining public confidence in the banking sector.Supervisory Missions：Protecting the interests of depositors and consumers and maintaining market confidence through prudential supervision;increasing public knowledge about modern financial products, services and the related risks through education and information disclosure;and reducing banking-related crimes to maintain financial stability.Our Philosophy, Approach & Criteria-------------
Supervisory philosophy：Conducting consolidated and risk-based supervision, ensuring the supervised institutions establish effective risk management and internal control systems, and enhancing transparency.Supervisory approach：Conducting prudential supervision to ensure accurate loan classification, sufficient loss provisioning, acceptable profitability and adequate capital.Supervisory criteria：Enabling financial stability while facilitating financial innovation;enhancing the international competitiveness of the banking sector;setting appropriate supervisory criteria and standards and refraining from unnecessary restrictions;encouraging fair and orderly competition;subjecting both the supervisors and supervised institutions to a well-defined system of accountability;and allocating supervisory resources in acost-efficient manner.
第二篇：银监会简介
银监会简介
银监会主要职责
依照法律、行政法规制定并发布对银行业金融机构及其业务活动监督管理的规章、规则；
依照法律、行政法规规定的条件和程序，审查批准银行业金融机构的设立、变更、终止以及业务范围；
对银行业金融机构的董事和高级管理人员实行任职资格管理； 依照法律、行政法规制定银行业金融机构的审慎经营规则；
对银行业金融机构的业务活动及其风险状况进行非现场监管，建立银行业金融机构监督管理信息系统，分析、评价银行业金融机构的风险状况；
对银行业金融机构的业务活动及其风险状况进行现场检查，制定现场检查程序，规范现场检查行为；
对银行业金融机构实行并表监督管理；
会同有关部门建立银行业突发事件处置制度，制定银行业突发事件处置预案，明确处置机构和人员及其职责、处置措施和处置程序，及时、有效地处置银行业突发事件；
负责统一编制全国银行业金融机构的统计数据、报表，并按照国家有关规定予以公布；对银行业自律组织的活动进行指导和监督；
开展与银行业监督管理有关的国际交流、合作活动；
对已经或者可能发生信用危机，严重影响存款人和其他客户合法权益的银行业金融机构实行接管或者促成机构重组；
对有违法经营、经营管理不善等情形银行业金融机构予以撤销； 对涉嫌金融违法的银行业金融机构及其工作人员以及关联行为人的账户予以查询；对涉嫌转移或者隐匿违法资金的申请司法机关予以冻结；
对擅自设立银行业金融机构或非法从事银行业金融机构业务活动予以取缔；
负责国有重点银行业金融机构监事会的日常管理工作； 承办国务院交办的其他事项
银监会监管工作所遵循的主要工作经验
必须坚持法人监管,重视对每个金融机构总体风险的把握、防范和化解; 必须坚持以风险为主的监管内容,努力提高金融监管的水平,改进监管的方法和手段; 必须注意促进金融机构风险内控机制形成和内控效果的不断提高: 必须按照国际准则和要求,逐步提高监管的透明度。
银监会监管工作目的
通过审慎有效的监管,保护广大存款人和消费者的利益;通过审慎有效的监管,增进市场信心;通过宣传教育工作和相关信息披露,增进公众对现代金融的了解;努力减少金融犯罪。
银监会监管工作标准
良好监管要促进金融稳定和金融创新共同发展; 要努力提升我国金融业在国际金融服务中的竞争力; 对各类监管设限要科学、合理,有所为,有所不为,减少一切不必要的限制; 鼓励公平竞争、反对无序竞争; 对监管者和被监管者都要实施严格、明确的问责制; 要高效、节约地使用一切监管资源。
14．统计部职责
负责制定和完善银行业监管统计管理办法与银监会系统统计工作发展规划；建设和完善银行业监管
数据信息系统；汇总和编制银行业各类综合监管统计报表；跟踪分析宏观经济金融形势；对银行业的宏观
性、系统性风险进行监测和预警；推进银行业统计数据信息的披露与共享
中国银行业监督管理委员会、中国证券监督管理委员会、中国保险监督管理委员会
在金融监管方面分工合作的备忘录
指导原则
第一条 根据有关法律法规和国务院行政规章达成本备忘录。
第二条 本备忘录旨在明确中国银行业监督管理委员会（以下简称银监会）、中国证券监督管理委员会（以下简称证监会）、中国保险监督管理委员会（以下简称保监会）在金融监管方面的职责，为三家机构协调配合，避免监管真空和重复监管，提高监管效率，鼓励金融创新，以达到所有金融机构及其从事的金融业务都能得到持续有效的监管，保障金融业稳健运行和健康发展。
第三条 本备忘录基于以下五项指导原则：
（一）分业监管。按照有关法规加强监管，各司其责，提高监管资源的有效使用。
（二）职责明确。各监管机构明确职责范围，依法监管，监管行为符合规范的要求。
（三）合作有序。各机构按一定程序交流合作，有利于加强协调、增强合力，符合运转协调的要求。
（四）规则透明。让社会和公众了解各机构的运作规则，有利于增强信心，加强监督，符合公正透明的要求。
（五）讲求实效。提高办事效率，提高服务质量，有利于降低行政成本，符合廉洁高效的要求。
职责分工
第四条 根据国家法律和国务院的授权，银监会负责统一监督管理全国银行、金融资产管理公司、信托投资公司及其他存款类金融机构。
（一）制定有关银行业金融机构监管的规章制度和办法；
（二）审批银行业金融机构及其分支机构的设立、变更、终止及其业务范围；
（三）对银行业金融机构实行现场和非现场监管，依法对违法违规行为进行查处；
（四）审查银行业金融机构高级管理人员任职资格；
（五）负责统一编制全国银行数据、报表，并按照国家有关规定予以公布；
（六）负责国有重点银行业金融机构监事会的日常管理工作；
（七）会同有关部门提出存款类金融机构紧急风险处置的意见和建议；
（八）国务院规定的其他职责。
第五条 根据《中华人民共和国证券法》、《股票发行与交易管理暂行条例》、《期货交易管理暂行条例》和《国务院办公厅关于印发中国证券监督管理委员会职能配置、内设机构和人员编制规定的通知》的规定，证监会依法对全国证券、期货市场实行集中统一监督管理，履行如下职责：
（一）研究和拟定证券、期货市场的方针政策、发展规划；起草证券、期货市场的有关法律、行政法规；制定有关证券、期货市场监督管理的规章、规则，并依法行使审批权或核准权。
（二）依法监管股票、可转换债券、证券投资基金的发行、交易、托管和结算；批准企业债券的上市；监管上市国债和企业债券的交易活动；
（三）依法监管境内期货合约的上市、交易和清算；监管境内机构从事境外期货业务；
（四）依法对公开发行和上市交易证券的证券发行人、上市公司、证券、期货交易所、证券、期货经营机构、证券登记结算机构、期货结算机构、证券投资基金管理机构、证券、期货投资咨询机构、资信评估机构进行监管；依法对从事证券业务的律师事务所、会计师事务所、资产评估机构的证券业务活动以及从事证券投资基金资产托管业务的金融机构的托管业务活动，进行监管；
（五）依法制定证券、期货经营机构、证券、期货投资咨询机构和证券投资基金管理机构从业人员资格、资质标准和高级管理人员的任职管理办法并组织实施；依法制定证券从业人员的资格、资质标准和行为准则并监督实施；按规定管理证券、期货交易所、证券登记结算机构和期货结算机构的从业人员和高级管理人员；
（六）依法监管境内企业直接或间接到境外发行股票、上市；监管境内机构到境外设立证券机构；监管境外机构到境内设立证券机构、从事证券业务；
（七）依法监督检查证券发行、交易的信息披露情况，监管证券、期货信息传播活动，负责证券、期货市场的统计与信息资源管理；
（八）依法对证券业协会、期货业协会的活动进行指导和监督；
（九）依法对违反证券、期货市场监督管理法律、法规和行政规章的行为进行调查、处罚；
（十）管理证券、期货行业的对外交往和国际合作事务；
（十一）法律、行政法规和国务院规定的其他职责，办理国务院交办的有关事宜。
第六条 根据国家法律和国务院的授权，保监会统一监督管理全国保险市场，维护保险业的合法、稳健运行。
（一）拟定保险业发展的方针政策，制订行业发展战略和规划；起草保险业监管的法律、法规；制订业内规章。
（二）审批保险公司及其分支机构、保险集团公司、保险控股公司的设立；会同有关部门审批保险资产管理公司的设立；审批境外保险机构代表处的设立；审批保险代理公司、保险经纪公司、保险公估公司等保险中介机构及其分支机构的设立；审批境内保险机构和非保险机构在境外设立保险机构；审批保险机构的合并、分立、变更、解散，决定接管和指定接受；参与、组织保险公司的破产、清算。
（三）审查、认定各类保险机构高级管理人员的任职资格；制订保险从业人员的基本资格标准。
（四）审批关系社会公众利益的保险险种、依法实行强制保险的险种和新开发的人寿保险险种等的保险条款和保险费率，对其他保险险种的保险条款和保险费率实施备案管理。
（五）依法监管保险公司的偿付能力和市场行为；负责保险保障资金的运用政策，制订有关规章制度，依法对保险公司的资金运用进行监管。
（六）对政策性保险和强制保险进行业务监管；对专属自保、相互保险等组织形式和业务活动进行监管。归口管理保险行业协会、保险学会等行业社团组织。
（七）依法对保险机构和保险从业人员的不正当竞争等违法、违规行为以及对非保险机构经营或变相经营保险业务进行调查、处罚。
（八）依法对境内保险及非保险机构在境外设立的保险机构进行监管。
（九）制订保险行业信息化标准；建立保险风险评价、预警和监控体系，跟踪分析、监测、预测保险市场运行状况，负责统一编制全国保险业的数据、报表，抄送中国人民银行，并按照国家有关规定予以发布。
（十）按照中央有关规定和干部管理权限，负责本系统党的建设、纪检和干部管理工作；负责国有保险公司监事会的日常工作。
（十一）承办国务院交办的其他事项。
第七条 银监会、证监会、保监会任何一方需要对他方的监管对象收集必要的信息，可委托他方进行。
第八条 对金融控股公司的监管应坚持分业经营、分业监管的原则，对金融控股公司的集团公司依据其主要业务性质，归属相应的监管机构，对金融控股公司内相关机构、业务的监管，按照业务性质实施分业监管。
被监管对象在境外的，由其监管机构负责对外联系，并与当地监管机构建立工作关系。
对产业资本投资形成的金融控股集团，在监管政策、标准和方式等方面认真研究、协调配合、加强管理。
第九条 银监会、证监会、保监会积极支持金融创新，促进金融发展。加强对创新产品监管的研究与合作。
第十条 银监会、证监会、保监会应与财政部、中国人民银行密切合作，共同维护金融体系的稳定和金融市场的信心。
信息收集与交流 第十一条 根据授权，银监会、证监会、保监会分别向其监管对象收集信息和数据，并负责统一汇总、编制各类金融机构的数据和报表，按照国家有关规定予以公布。
第十二条 银监会、证监会、保监会应密切合作，就重大监管事项和跨行业、跨境监管中复杂问题进行磋商，并建立定期信息交流制度，需定期交流的信息由三方协商确定。接受信息的一方应严格遵循客户保密原则，保证该信息使用仅限于其履行职责，除非法律规定，不得将信息提供给第三方。
第十三条 银监会、证监会、保监会应互相通报对其监管对象高级管理人员和金融机构的处罚信息。
第十四条 银监会、证监会、保监会应建立对外开放政策的交流、协调机制，并互相通报在有关银行、证券、保险国际组织和国际会议中的活动信息和观点。
工作机制
第十五条 建立银监会、证监会、保监会“监管联席会议机制”。监管联席会议成员由三方机构的主席组成，每季度召开一次例会，由主席或其授权的副主席参加，讨论和协调有关金融监管的重要事项、已出台政策的市场反映和效果评估以及其他需要协商、通报和交流的事项。监管联席会议仅协调有关三方监管的重要事宜，原三方监管机构的职责分工和日常工作机制不变。联席会议成员每半年轮流担任会议召集人。任何一方认为有必要讨论应对紧急情况时，均可随时提出召开会议，由召集人负责召集。监管联席会议三方分别设立“联席会议秘书处”作为日常联络机构，并指定专门联系人。在正常情况下，联席会议召开前五个工作日，三方日常联络机构应将拟议事项和各方意见建议等书面材料送达联席会议成员。会后由召集方负责拟定会议纪要，在征求参会方意见后发送各方。监管联席会议纪要报国务院领导审批后执行。
第十六条 银监会、证监会、保监会任何一方与金融业监管相关的重要政策、事项发生变化，或其监管机构行为的重大变化将会对他方监管机构的业务活动产生重大影响时，应及时通告他方。若政策变化涉及到他方的监管职责和监管机构，应在政策调整前通过“会签”方式征询他方意见。对监管活动中出现的不同意见，三方应及时协调解决。
第十七条 建立银监会、证监会、保监会“经常联系机制”，由三方各指定一个综合部门负责人参加，综合相关职能部门的意见，为具体专业监管问题的讨论、协商提供联系渠道。
第十八条 银监会、证监会、保监会召开“联席会议机制”和“经常联系机制”会议时，可邀请中国人民银行、财政部或其他部委参加。第十九条 银监会、证监会、保监会可邀请他方工作人员参加本机构组织的相关培训和研讨活动。
第二十条 “联席会议”设立网站。
附则 第二十一条 本备忘录的修改由“联席会议”讨论通过。
第三篇：银监会2010主席致辞英文版
Chairman’s Statement
The year 2010 marked the wrap-up of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development.In the face of severe challenges at home and abroad rendered by the global financial crisis, the China Banking Regulatory Commission(CBRC)took swift and resolute actions to safeguard the banking sector in China.Specifically, we endeavored to defend the bottom lines of risk-focused supervisory requirements, explore various approaches to continuously build up supervisory capacity, and forge ahead the reform on different fronts to boost the inherent dynamism of banking industry.These endeavors helped to sustain the relatively fast and healthy development of banking system, which in turn contributed to the overall economic development and social harmony in China.In 2010, we attached greater importance to guiding the banking sector in implementing the macroeconomic adjustment policies with a view to enabling sound and sustainable economic and financial development.Accordingly, we instructed banking institutions to improve their responsiveness to macroeconomic adjustment and industrial restructuring, and effectively curb the impulse of reckless business and scale expansion.We also continued to stress on appropriate allocation of credit supply, calling on banks to refrain from lending to high-polluting, energy-intensive sectors and sectors with redundant capacity while extending the needed financial support to rural development, qualified small enterprises, and those sectors and regions promoted by national development strategies.Consequently, new loans issued in 2010 totaled RMB7.95 trillion, representing a relatively stable pace of credit supply.Specifically, the goal was achieved of ensuring the growth rate and scale of agricultural and small enterprises loans no lower than the average rate and scale of all loans newly disbursed.On the whole, the banking sector has provided effective financial support to aid various social undertakings such as disaster relief, post-disaster reconstruction, the construction of affordable and low-rent public housing, renovation of shanty towns, the production, processing andtransportation of farm produces, etc.Banking reform was further advanced and intensified in 2010 with a highlight to enhance banks’ core competence.In addition to strengthening external supervision and market discipline, the CBRC strived to build up the interna dynamism of banking industry by continuously pushing banks to improve corporate governance, internal controls and risk management.Moreover the CBRC continued its efforts to boost appropriat business cooperation between local and foreign banks aiming for win-win benefits, provideguidance for the Chinese banks to prudently deploy their overseas development strategies and for foreign banks to explore appropriate development strategies in China.In 2010, the Chinese banking sector was in a better shape than any time in history in terms of the overall risklevel and risk resilience.84 Chinese banks were listed among the Banker's world top 1000 banks, with four ranking among the top ten by market capitalization.Substantial progress was also achieved in 2010 in improving the approach of addressing systemic risks.Macro prudential supervision was practiced in a flexible manner to target the potential risks facing the banking sector as a whole.For instance, to mitigate the risks associated with banks’ lending to local government funding platforms(LGFP), the CBRC required banks to review and examine each and every loan to the LGFP, appropriately adjusting the loan categorization and resorting to remedial measures as necessary;to address the risks associated with real estate loans, banks were required to adopt differentiated credit policies for residential mortgages, while taking preemptive measures to mitigate their exposures to high-risk property developers.In addition, the CBRC continued to remain tough in combating banking crimes and frauds, and to
address the “shadow banking” behaviors exposed in the business cooperation between commercial banks and trust companies.As credit risk has been and continues to be a major risk facing the Chinese banking sector, the CBRC made unswerving efforts to promote the implementation of the “Three Rules and One Guidelines”, the promulgation of which signified the fundamental transformation of loan disbursement and management practices in China.As of end-2010, loans extended in accordance with the new rules accounted for more than 50 percent of the total loans newly disbursed, while banks’ provisioning coverage ratio reached 218%.In 2010, we placed a stronger emphasis on addressing the issue of “how to regulate”, an issue underscored amidst current tide of international regulatory reform.On the front of legal framework building, we continued the practice of reviewing the existing rules and regulations every two years to make necessary amendments and formulate new rules to accommodate latest developments.As a result, a set of new rules and guidelines were issued in 2010 with respect to the performance evaluation of bank directors, banks’ compensation practices, consolidated supervision and management, country risk management, external auditing, etc..On the front of supervisory capacity building, we continued to enrich our supervisory “toolkit”, upgrade the supervisory information system, conduct systematic review and improvement of our routine supervisory practices of licensing, off-site surveillance and on-site examination.We also made effective use of our extended examination power as warranted to promptly resolve the supervisoryconcerns.At present, a new prudential supervisory framework has largely taken shape, featuring the combination of both macro and micro prudential supervision and giving due considerations to both internationally prevailing practices and China’s realities.In addition, we also formulated medium-to-long term strategies for further improving the supervisory effectiveness, together with clear and cut roadmaps for the concurrent implementation of Basel II and Basel III in China.Externally, the CBRC has actively engaged in the international policy dialogues regarding the financial regulatory reforms and new standard-setting.The CBRC was also an active participant in conducting the Financial Sector Assessment Program(FSAP)in China and the assessment of compliance with the Basel Core Principles for Efective Banking Supervision.Moreover, the CBRC successfully hosted supervisory colleges for two of China’s largest commercial banks, where home and host country supervisors effectively shared supervisory information and perspectives.Furthermore, the CBRC has signed Memorandum of Understandings(MOUs)or other forms of agreements on bilateral banking supervision with its supervisory counterparts in 42 countries, thereby actively engaging in cross-border supervisory cooperation and information exchange.Since the inception of the CBRC, particularly during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, China’s banking sector successfully withstood various complicated and daunting challenges, and survived the recent global financial crisis largely safe and sound.Though our achievement is remarkable, the experiences we have gained during the process are even more valuable.The first is to stay committed to and constantly update the philosophy of prudential supervision.Immediately after its establishment, the CBRC set out the supervisory philosophy of “conducting consolidated and risk-based supervision, focusing on risk management and internal controls, and enhancing transparency”.With such philosophy in mind, the CBRC has developed a roadmap for on-going supervision, i.e.“accurate loan classification, sufficient loss provisioning, appropriate write-offs, acceptable profitability and adequate capital”.For the supervision of financial innovation activities, the CBRC specifically set forth supervisory philosophy of “risks controllable,costs accountable and information fully disclosed”.The second is to strike a proper balance between development and risk control.In addition to spurring sound economic development, banking institutions are required to escalate their own development while holding on firmly to risk controls, hence achieving a quality development and real competence.The third is to keep on upgrading supervisory tools and approaches.By drawing upon the best practices of international banking supervision, the CBRC has been constantly upgrading its supervisory toolkit which comprises a set of basic and effective supervisory tools, while exploring various new methods and approaches to enhance the supervisory effectiveness.The fourth is to encourage a pragmatic and proactive attitude in conducting supervision.Supervisory resources have been allocated in proportion to the significance and urgency of supervisory concerns.Rules and regulations are drafted, assessed and amended in time.Major problems and difficulties are confronted in a courageous and serious manner, and post assessment is conducted on each of the important institutional arrangements and major supervisory actions, all of which aiming at a robust banking sector.Currently, substantial progress has been made in international financial regulatory reform.New supervisory standards and requirements have been agreed upon regarding capital adequacy, counter-cyclical arrangements, resolution of “too-big-to-fail”, etc.That said, certain deeply-rooted factors that have contributed to the latest global financial crisis remain unresolved and may even trigger subsequent crises.These include, among others, the lack of unified legal framework for the mitigation of cross-border risk contagion and for the resolution of cross-border bank failure, uncertainty in the process of accounting standards convergence, new and arising problems brought by the new supervisory rules, continued expansion of the shadow banking sector, and the short-sighted profit-seeking zest innate to financial institutions.Looking internally, Chinese banking sector is ridden with its own problems such as irrational growth model, weakness in comprehensive risk management, homogeneity of development strategies among banks, just to name a few.As the supervisor, we therefore must remain vigilant in guiding the banking institutions through profound market adjustments and building up both their financial and risk management strength.2011 ushers in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development.In this new era, the CBRC will continue to stoke the momentum of past reforms and development by building upon the tested traditions and good practices.We will brave difficulties head-on to accelerate the strategic transformation of the banking sector so as to contribute to the broader undertakings of building a prosperous and harmonious China.
第四篇：银监会简介和“三会”分工
银监会简介
银监会主要职责
依照法律、行政法规制定并发布对银行业金融机构及其业务活动监督管理的规章、规则；
依照法律、行政法规规定的条件和程序，审查批准银行业金融机构的设立、变更、终止以及业务范围；
对银行业金融机构的董事和高级管理人员实行任职资格管理； 依照法律、行政法规制定银行业金融机构的审慎经营规则；
对银行业金融机构的业务活动及其风险状况进行非现场监管，建立银行业金融机构监督管理信息系统，分析、评价银行业金融机构的风险状况；
对银行业金融机构的业务活动及其风险状况进行现场检查，制定现场检查程序，规范现场检查行为；
对银行业金融机构实行并表监督管理；
会同有关部门建立银行业突发事件处置制度，制定银行业突发事件处置预案，明确处置机构和人员及其职责、处置措施和处置程序，及时、有效地处置银行业突发事件；
负责统一编制全国银行业金融机构的统计数据、报表，并按照国家有关规定予以公布；对银行业自律组织的活动进行指导和监督；
开展与银行业监督管理有关的国际交流、合作活动；
对已经或者可能发生信用危机，严重影响存款人和其他客户合法权益的银行业金融机构实行接管或者促成机构重组；
对有违法经营、经营管理不善等情形银行业金融机构予以撤销； 对涉嫌金融违法的银行业金融机构及其工作人员以及关联行为人的账户予以查询；对涉嫌转移或者隐匿违法资金的申请司法机关予以冻结；
对擅自设立银行业金融机构或非法从事银行业金融机构业务活动予以取缔；
负责国有重点银行业金融机构监事会的日常管理工作； 承办国务院交办的其他事项
银监会监管工作所遵循的主要工作经验
必须坚持法人监管,重视对每个金融机构总体风险的把握、防范和化解; 必须坚持以风险为主的监管内容,努力提高金融监管的水平,改进监管的方法和手段; 必须注意促进金融机构风险内控机制形成和内控效果的不断提高: 必须按照国际准则和要求,逐步提高监管的透明度。
银监会监管工作目的
通过审慎有效的监管,保护广大存款人和消费者的利益;通过审慎有效的监管,增进市场信心;通过宣传教育工作和相关信息披露,增进公众对现代金融的了解;努力减少金融犯罪。
银监会监管工作标准
良好监管要促进金融稳定和金融创新共同发展; 要努力提升我国金融业在国际金融服务中的竞争力; 对各类监管设限要科学、合理,有所为,有所不为,减少一切不必要的限制; 鼓励公平竞争、反对无序竞争; 对监管者和被监管者都要实施严格、明确的问责制; 要高效、节约地使用一切监管资源。
中国银行业监督管理委员会、中国证券监督管理委员会、中国保险监督管理委员会
在金融监管方面分工合作的备忘录
指导原则
第一条 根据有关法律法规和国务院行政规章达成本备忘录。
第二条 本备忘录旨在明确中国银行业监督管理委员会（以下简称银监会）、中国证券监督管理委员会（以下简称证监会）、中国保险监督管理委员会（以下简称保监会）在金融监管方面的职责，为三家机构协调配合，避免监管真空和重复监管，提高监管效率，鼓励金融创新，以达到所有金融机构及其从事的金融业务都能得到持续有效的监管，保障金融业稳健运行和健康发展。
第三条 本备忘录基于以下五项指导原则：
（一）分业监管。按照有关法规加强监管，各司其责，提高监管资源的有效使用。
（二）职责明确。各监管机构明确职责范围，依法监管，监管行为符合规范的要求。
（三）合作有序。各机构按一定程序交流合作，有利于加强协调、增强合力，符合运转协调的要求。
（四）规则透明。让社会和公众了解各机构的运作规则，有利于增强信心，加强监督，符合公正透明的要求。
（五）讲求实效。提高办事效率，提高服务质量，有利于降低行政成本，符合廉洁高效的要求。
职责分工
第四条 根据国家法律和国务院的授权，银监会负责统一监督管理全国银行、金融资产管理公司、信托投资公司及其他存款类金融机构。
（一）制定有关银行业金融机构监管的规章制度和办法；
（二）审批银行业金融机构及其分支机构的设立、变更、终止及其业务范围；
（三）对银行业金融机构实行现场和非现场监管，依法对违法违规行为进行查处；
（四）审查银行业金融机构高级管理人员任职资格；
（五）负责统一编制全国银行数据、报表，并按照国家有关规定予以公布；
（六）负责国有重点银行业金融机构监事会的日常管理工作；
（七）会同有关部门提出存款类金融机构紧急风险处置的意见和建议；
（八）国务院规定的其他职责。
第五条 根据《中华人民共和国证券法》、《股票发行与交易管理暂行条例》、《期货交易管理暂行条例》和《国务院办公厅关于印发中国证券监督管理委员会职能配置、内设机构和人员编制规定的通知》的规定，证监会依法对全国证券、期货市场实行集中统一监督管理，履行如下职责：
（一）研究和拟定证券、期货市场的方针政策、发展规划；起草证券、期货市场的有关法律、行政法规；制定有关证券、期货市场监督管理的规章、规则，并依法行使审批权或核准权。
（二）依法监管股票、可转换债券、证券投资基金的发行、交易、托管和结算；批准企业债券的上市；监管上市国债和企业债券的交易活动；
（三）依法监管境内期货合约的上市、交易和清算；监管境内机构从事境外期货业务；
（四）依法对公开发行和上市交易证券的证券发行人、上市公司、证券、期货交易所、证券、期货经营机构、证券登记结算机构、期货结算机构、证券投资基金管理机构、证券、期货投资咨询机构、资信评估机构进行监管；依法对从事证券业务的律师事务所、会计师事务所、资产评估机构的证券业务活动以及从事证券投资基金资产托管业务的金融机构的托管业务活动，进行监管；
（五）依法制定证券、期货经营机构、证券、期货投资咨询机构和证券投资基金管理机构从业人员资格、资质标准和高级管理人员的任职管理办法并组织实施；依法制定证券从业人员的资格、资质标准和行为准则并监督实施；按规定管理证券、期货交易所、证券登记结算机构和期货结算机构的从业人员和高级管理人员；
（六）依法监管境内企业直接或间接到境外发行股票、上市；监管境内机构到境外设立证券机构；监管境外机构到境内设立证券机构、从事证券业务；
（七）依法监督检查证券发行、交易的信息披露情况，监管证券、期货信息传播活动，负责证券、期货市场的统计与信息资源管理；
（八）依法对证券业协会、期货业协会的活动进行指导和监督；
（九）依法对违反证券、期货市场监督管理法律、法规和行政规章的行为进行调查、处罚；
（十）管理证券、期货行业的对外交往和国际合作事务；
（十一）法律、行政法规和国务院规定的其他职责，办理国务院交办的有关事宜。
第六条 根据国家法律和国务院的授权，保监会统一监督管理全国保险市场，维护保险业的合法、稳健运行。
（一）拟定保险业发展的方针政策，制订行业发展战略和规划；起草保险业监管的法律、法规；制订业内规章。
（二）审批保险公司及其分支机构、保险集团公司、保险控股公司的设立；会同有关部门审批保险资产管理公司的设立；审批境外保险机构代表处的设立；审批保险代理公司、保险经纪公司、保险公估公司等保险中介机构及其分支机构的设立；审批境内保险机构和非保险机构在境外设立保险机构；审批保险机构的合并、分立、变更、解散，决定接管和指定接受；参与、组织保险公司的破产、清算。
（三）审查、认定各类保险机构高级管理人员的任职资格；制订保险从业人员的基本资格标准。
（四）审批关系社会公众利益的保险险种、依法实行强制保险的险种和新开发的人寿保险险种等的保险条款和保险费率，对其他保险险种的保险条款和保险费率实施备案管理。
（五）依法监管保险公司的偿付能力和市场行为；负责保险保障资金的运用政策，制订有关规章制度，依法对保险公司的资金运用进行监管。
（六）对政策性保险和强制保险进行业务监管；对专属自保、相互保险等组织形式和业务活动进行监管。归口管理保险行业协会、保险学会等行业社团组织。
（七）依法对保险机构和保险从业人员的不正当竞争等违法、违规行为以及对非保险机构经营或变相经营保险业务进行调查、处罚。
（八）依法对境内保险及非保险机构在境外设立的保险机构进行监管。
（九）制订保险行业信息化标准；建立保险风险评价、预警和监控体系，跟踪分析、监测、预测保险市场运行状况，负责统一编制全国保险业的数据、报表，抄送中国人民银行，并按照国家有关规定予以发布。
（十）按照中央有关规定和干部管理权限，负责本系统党的建设、纪检和干部管理工作；负责国有保险公司监事会的日常工作。
（十一）承办国务院交办的其他事项。
第七条 银监会、证监会、保监会任何一方需要对他方的监管对象收集必要的信息，可委托他方进行。
第八条 对金融控股公司的监管应坚持分业经营、分业监管的原则，对金融控股公司的集团公司依据其主要业务性质，归属相应的监管机构，对金融控股公司内相关机构、业务的监管，按照业务性质实施分业监管。
被监管对象在境外的，由其监管机构负责对外联系，并与当地监管机构建立工作关系。
对产业资本投资形成的金融控股集团，在监管政策、标准和方式等方面认真研究、协调配合、加强管理。
第九条 银监会、证监会、保监会积极支持金融创新，促进金融发展。加强对创新产品监管的研究与合作。
第十条 银监会、证监会、保监会应与财政部、中国人民银行密切合作，共同维护金融体系的稳定和金融市场的信心。
信息收集与交流
第十一条 根据授权，银监会、证监会、保监会分别向其监管对象收集信息和数据，并负责统一汇总、编制各类金融机构的数据和报表，按照国家有关规定予以公布。
第十二条 银监会、证监会、保监会应密切合作，就重大监管事项和跨行业、跨境监管中复杂问题进行磋商，并建立定期信息交流制度，需定期交流的信息由三方协商确定。接受信息的一方应严格遵循客户保密原则，保证该信息使用仅限于其履行职责，除非法律规定，不得将信息提供给第三方。
第十三条 银监会、证监会、保监会应互相通报对其监管对象高级管理人员和金融机构的处罚信息。
第十四条 银监会、证监会、保监会应建立对外开放政策的交流、协调机制，并互相通报在有关银行、证券、保险国际组织和国际会议中的活动信息和观点。
工作机制
第十五条 建立银监会、证监会、保监会“监管联席会议机制”。监管联席会议成员由三方机构的主席组成，每季度召开一次例会，由主席或其授权的副主席参加，讨论和协调有关金融监管的重要事项、已出台政策的市场反映和效果评估以及其他需要协商、通报和交流的事项。监管联席会议仅协调有关三方监管的重要事宜，原三方监管机构的职责分工和日常工作机制不变。联席会议成员每半年轮流担任会议召集人。任何一方认为有必要讨论应对紧急情况时，均可随时提出召开会议，由召集人负责召集。监管联席会议三方分别设立“联席会议秘书处”作为日常联络机构，并指定专门联系人。在正常情况下，联席会议召开前五个工作日，三方日常联络机构应将拟议事项和各方意见建议等书面材料送达联席会议成员。会后由召集方负责拟定会议纪要，在征求参会方意见后发送各方。监管联席会议纪要报国务院领导审批后执行。
第十六条 银监会、证监会、保监会任何一方与金融业监管相关的重要政策、事项发生变化，或其监管机构行为的重大变化将会对他方监管机构的业务活动产生重大影响时，应及时通告他方。若政策变化涉及到他方的监管职责和监管机构，应在政策调整前通过“会签”方式征询他方意见。对监管活动中出现的不同意见，三方应及时协调解决。
第十七条 建立银监会、证监会、保监会“经常联系机制”，由三方各指定一个综合部门负责人参加，综合相关职能部门的意见，为具体专业监管问题的讨论、协商提供联系渠道。
第十八条 银监会、证监会、保监会召开“联席会议机制”和“经常联系机制”会议时，可邀请中国人民银行、财政部或其他部委参加。
第十九条 银监会、证监会、保监会可邀请他方工作人员参加本机构组织的相关培训和研讨活动。
第二十条 “联席会议”设立网站。
附则 第二十一条 本备忘录的修改由“联席会议”讨论通过。
第五篇：银监会
银监会职能：
依照法律、行政法规制定并发布对银行业金融机构及其业务活动监督管理的规章、规则；
依照法律、行政法规规定的条件和程序，审查批准银行业金融机构的设立、变更、终止以及业务范围；
对银行业金融机构的董事和高级管理人员实行任职资格管理；
依照法律、行政法规制定银行业金融机构的审慎经营规则；
对银行业金融机构的业务活动及其风险状况进行非现场监管，建立银行业金融机构监督管理信息系统，分析、评价银行业金融机构的风险状况；
对银行业金融机构的业务活动及其风险状况进行现场检查，制定现场检查程序，规范现场检查行为；
对银行业金融机构实行并表监督管理；
会同有关部门建立银行业突发事件处置制度，制定银行业突发事件处置预案，明确处置机构和人员及其职责、处置措施和处置程序，及时、有效地处置银行业突发事件；
负责统一编制全国银行业金融机构的统计数据、报表，并按照国家有关规定予以公布；对银行业自律组织的活动进行指导和监督；
开展与银行业监督管理有关的国际交流、合作活动；
对已经或者可能发生信用危机，严重影响存款人和其他客户合法权益的银行业金融机构实行接管或者促成机构重组；
对有违法经营、经营管理不善等情形银行业金融机构予以撤销；
对涉嫌金融违法的银行业金融机构及其工作人员以及关联行为人的账户予以查询；对涉嫌转移或者隐匿违法资金的申请司法机关予以冻结；
银监会的监督工作有四个目的： 第一，通过审慎有效的监管，保护广大存款人和消费者的利益；第二，通过审慎有效的监管，增进市场信心；第三，通过宣传教育工作和相关信息的披露，增进公众对现代金融的了解；第四，努力减少金融犯罪，维护金融稳定。
银监会监管工作标准
良好监管要促进金融稳定和金融创新共同发展;
要努力提升我国金融业在国际金融服务中的竞争力;
对各类监管设限要科学、合理,有所为,有所不为,减少一切不必要的限制;鼓励公平竞争、反对无序竞争;
对监管者和被监管者都要实施严格、明确的问责制;要高效、节约地使用一切监管资源。
银监会全称中国银行业监督管理委员会（China Banking Regulatory Commission，CBRC）
中国银行业监督管理委员会简称中国银监会。根据授权,统一监督管理银行、金融资产管理公司、信托投资公司以及其它存款类金融机构，维护银行业的合法、稳健运行.中国银行业监督管理委员会自2003年4月28日起正式履行职责。银监会的成立与职责明确的过程同时也就是人民银行职责专业化的过程，两者正是在这一期间进行职责分工的明确与细化。央行监管职责的剥离与银监会的设立，实现金融宏观调控与金融微观监管的分离，是与中国经济、金融发展大环境密不可分的，是金融监管与调控的对象-金融业、金融市场日益复杂化、专业化、技术化的必然要求。[编辑本段]主要职能
根据十届全国人大一次会议的国务院机构改革方案，2003年3月中国首次设立中国银行业监督管理委员会，其构成主要由中国人民银行的银行一司、银行二司、非银行司、合作管理司、银行管理司，中央金融工委现有人员组成（银行业协会也将有可能从人民银行并入银监会），将统一由监管银行、资产管理公司、信托投资公司及其它存款类金融机构，负责制定有关银行业监管的规章制度和办法；
对银行业金融机构实施监管，维护银行业的合法、稳健运行；
审批银行业金融机构及其分支机构的设立、变更、终止及其业务范围；
对银行业金融机构实行现场和非现场监管，依法对违法违规行为进行查处；
审查银行业金融机构高级管理人员任职资格；
负责编制全国银行数据、报表，并按照国家有关规定予以公布；
加强对银行业金融机构风险内控的监管，重视其公司治理机制的建设和完善，促使其有效地防范和化解金融风险。
银监会的成立标志着中国人民银行自建国50多年来集货币政策与银行监管于一体的时代的结束。
中国银行业监督管理委员会简称中国银监会。根据授权,统一监督管理银行、金融资产管理公司、信托投资公司以及其它存款类金融机构，维护银行业的合法、稳健运行。
中国银行业监督管理委员会通过审慎有效的监管,保护广大存款人和消费者的利益； 通过审慎有效的监管,增进市场信心； 通过宣传教育工作和相关信息披露,增进公众对现代金融的了解； 努力减少金融犯罪。
银监会最近出台了《固定资产贷款管理暂行办法》、《流动资金贷款管理暂行办法》征求意见稿、《个人贷款管理暂行办法》征见稿和《银行业金融机构项目融资业务指引》，即“三个办法一个指引”。
中国银行业监督委员会。代表国家对银行业的合规运作进行监督和管理。
监督商业银行及金融机构的设置、合并、开立；经营报表审核、发布、经营状况监督；审核银行高管任职资格。当前，银行机构对操作风险的识别与控制能力不能适应业务发展的问题突出。一些银行机构由于相关制度不健全，或者对制度执行情况缺乏有效监督，对不执行制度规定者查处不力，风险管理和内部控制薄弱，大案、要案屡有发生，导致银行大量资金损失。为此，各银行机构必须加大工作力度，进一步采取措施，有效防范和控制操作风险。各银监局要高度关注银行业金融机构的操作风险问题，切实抓好本通知在基层的监管抽查工作。
一、高度重视防范操作风险的规章制度建设。对无章可循或虽有规章但已不适应当前业务发展和基层行实际管理情况的，上级行应进行专门研究，及时制订或修订。对于基层行和有关部门就规章制度建设提出的问题，总行要认真研究，及时解决，不得延误。对有章不循的，要将责任人调离原岗位，并严肃处理。
二、切实加强稽核建设。要不断完善稽核体制，充实稽核力量，加强对稽核队伍的培训，提高政治业务素质。业务主管部门和稽核部门应对业务单位，特别是基层业务单位组织实施独立的、交叉的突击检查，同时，要建立对疑点和薄弱环节的持续跟踪检查制度；总行及相关上级行要对跟踪检查制度的执行情况进行监督和评价，要强调有效性、严肃性和独立性。
三、加强对基层行的合规性监督。对权力过大而监督管理又不到位的基层行，要重点加强监督，促其及时整改；要强加对权力的监管和监控，防止权力滥用和监督缺位。
四、订立职责制，明确总行及各级分支机构的责任，形成明确的制度保障。各级管理人员特别是各行主要负责人和分管的高管人员，要认真履责，敢抓敢管，以身作则。对出现大案、要案，或措施不得力的，要从严追究高管人员和直接责任人责任，并相应追究稽核部门及人员对检查发现的问题隐瞒不报、上报虚假情况或检查监督整改不力的责任。反复发生大案要案，问题长期得不到有效解决的单位，要从严追究有关高管人员和管理人员的法律责任。
五、坚持相关的行务管理公开制度。对薄弱环节要定期自我评估，并请外审机构进行独立评估。要进一步扩大社会和新闻舆论对银行的监督。对已发生的大案，可以披露的，要加强信息披露工作，及时详细介绍整改规划和具体措施，正确引导公众舆论，争取主动。通过公众监督，防止银行懈怠操作风险管理，防止管理人员玩忽职守和滥用权力。各行高管人员要分工合作，一级抓一级，并注意对基层的抽检，到问题多的地方去，深入调查研究，帮助基层解决问题。
六、建立和实施基层主管轮岗轮调和强制性休假制度，并确保这一安排纳入总行及各级分支机构的人事管理制度。要明确具体的操作程序和规定，并由人事部门按照规定就拟轮岗轮调和休假主管的顶替人员预先做好相应安排。稽核部门应对相关的制度安排和执行情况进行有效审计跟踪。
七、严格规范重要岗位和敏感环节工作人员八小时内外的行为，建立相应的行为失范监察制度。稽核部门应就这些岗位、环节工作人员的买卖股票行为建立内部报告制度，要明确具体操作程序和规定。发现有涉黄、涉赌、涉毒、以及未报告的股票买卖和经商办企业等行为的，要即行调离原岗位，并对其进行审计。要及时、深入了解情况，对行为失范的员工要及时进行教育，情节严重的，要依法依规严肃处理。
八、对举报查实的案件，举报人属于来自基层的员工（包括合同工、临时工）的，要予以重奖；对坚持规章制度、勇于斗争而制止案件发生的，要有特别的激励机制和规定。违法、违规、违纪的管理人员，一经查实，一律调离原工作单位，并严肃处理。
九、加强和完善银行与客户、银行与银行以及银行内部业务台账与会计账之间的适时对账制度，对对账频率、对账对象、可参与对账人员等做出明确规定。同时，要改善管理理念，改进技术手段。
十、加强未达账项和差错处理的环节控制，记账岗位和对账岗位必须严格分开，坚决做到对未达账和账款差错的查核工作不返原岗处理。要设立独立的审核岗，建立责任复核制，必要时可由上一级行对指定岗位进行独立审核，并责成原岗位适时做出说明。
十一、严格印章、密押、凭证的分管与分存及销毁制度，坚决执行制度规定，并对此进行严格检查，对违规者进行严厉惩处。
十二、加强对可能发生的账外经营的监控。当日出单要核对，机器打印的出单要全部核对。要探索手工情况下的有效监控措施，以及网点通存通兑中多部门办理业务等情况下向客户验证复检的有效手段。
对新客户大额存款和开设账户，要严格遵循“了解你的客户”（KYC）和“了解你的客户业务”（KYB）的原则，洞察和了解该客户的一切主要情况，了解其业务及财务管理的基本状况和变化；对大额出账和走账，手续上必须按照不同额度设限，分别由基层行双人验核或由上级行独立进行复审、批准。要建立与该客户两个以上主管热线联系查证制度。对老客户也要做到经常抽检稽审，超过一定金额的，应由上一级行和基层行的非直接业务经办专岗进行，并注意与企业的相关热线联系人验证，获得确认。商业银行要对所有客户出账业务的用途进行认真验核，并严格遵循“了解你的客户业务单据”（KYD）的原则，熟悉并审核所有单据和关键栏目，严格把关。对于不配合的企业，要严格审核以前发生的业务，并采取相应的控制措施。
十三、迅速改进科技信息系统，提高通过技术手段防范操作风险的能力，支持各类管理信息的适时、准确生成，为业务操作复核和稽核部门的稽查提供坚实基础。
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