高中英语语法表语从句详解素材

第一篇：高中英语语法表语从句详解素材

表语从句

表语从句定义：在一个复合句中，从句作的是主语的表语成分。放在系动词（be）和半系动词(seemsoundtastesmell look等等)的后面

A

The problem is puzzling.这个问题令人困惑

主语,连系动词,形容词作表语

The problem is when we can get a pay rise.问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪.主语 连系动词 一个句子作表语---表语从句

B

连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why,whether,how.whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever等

He has become a teacher.他已经成为一名教师。

He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.他已经成为了他10年前想成为的。

She has remained there for an hour.她曾在那里停留了一个小时。

She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一个小时。

His suggestion is good.他的建议是好的。

注意表语从句一定要用陈述语序。

错误: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.正确: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.B

※※不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）。

引导宾语从句时可以互换if/whether 位于介词后要用whether

位于句首时要用whether

引导表语从句，主语从句，同位语从句时要用whether

错误 The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.正确: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.正确: It looked as if he had understood this question.C

不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。正确: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.正确: The question is why he cried yesterday.D

※※※ that在表语从句中不可以省掉。

专心爱心用心1

基本用法

表语从句只能置于主句之后，而主句的动词只能是联系动词。

名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句

例如： The problem is how we can get the things we need.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。(how 在表语从句中充当方式状语)

The scissors are not what I need.这把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what 在表语从句中充当宾语)

What I told him was that I would find him a good play.我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。(what在主语从句中作直接宾语，that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分，不能省略)

That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)

That is why she failed to pass the exam.那就是她考试不及格的原因。(why 在表语从句中充当原因状语)

注意

“That is why...”是常用句型，意为“这就是„„的原因/因此„„”，其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语，该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结，又如： That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne.珍妮，这就是现在这个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异，说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后，用这一句来进行概括)。// That is why I came.这就是我来的原因。

下面是两个与“That is why...”形式相似的结构，它们与“That is why...”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚：

(1)“That is why...”与“That is the reason why...”同义，只不过从语法结构上讲，“That is the reason why...”中why引导的是—个定语从句，将其中的the reason去掉则与“That is why...”结构一样，例如：

That is(the reason)why I cannot agree.这就是我不能同意的理由。

(2)“That is because...”句型中从属连词because引导的名词性从句在此作表语，这也是个常用句型，意为“这就是为什么„„/因为„„”。“That is because...”与“That is why...”之间的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由，“That is why...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果，例如：

He did not see the film last night.That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.昨天晚上他没有去看电影，那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。(第一句话说明结果，第二句话说明原因)

He had seen the film before.That is why he did not see it last night.他以前曾看过那部电影，因此他昨天晚上没有去看。(第一句话说明原因，第二句话说明结果)案例分析

［考题1］

The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.(2007上海)

A.when B.why C.whether D.that

［答案］ ABCD

［解析］ 下划线处之后是包含一个原因状语从句的表语从句，如果看不出它是充当整个句子结构的表语从句将难以把握整个句子的意思。因此，应选择可引导名词性从句且不

充当任何成分的that。

［考题2］

You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree.(2004)

A.why B.where C.what D.how

［答案］ ABCD

［解析］ 下划线处的引导词引导系动词is后的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当地点状语(“disagree”属于不及物动词，“I disagree”本身是完整的主谓结构)，下划线应填入引导词where，表语从句“where I disagree”的意思是“我不同意之处、我不同意的地方”。

［考题3］

— I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.— Is that ____ you had a few days off?(1999)

A.why B.when C.what D.where

［答案］ ABCD

［解析］ 下划线处的引导词引导与系动词is连用的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当原因状语，下划线应填入表示“因此„„”(指因某种原因所造成的结果)的引导词why。［考题4］

____ she couldn’t understand was ____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.(2000上海)

A.What;why B.That;what C.What;because D.Why;that

［答案］ ABCD

［解析］ 第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当宾语，特指她所不理解的事情，应填入关系代词型的引导词what； 第二个下划线处表示“因此„„”(指因某种原因所造成的后果，由why引导对应的名词性从句)而不是“为什么„„”(指原因、理由，由because引导对应的名词性从句)，应填入引导词why。

第二篇：高中英语语法表语从句详解素材

定义

表语从句定义：在一个复合句中，从句作的是主语的表语成分。

A

The problem is puzzling.这个问题令人困惑

主语,连系动词,形容词作表语

The problem is when we can get a pay rise.问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪.主语 连系动词 一个句子作表语---表语从句

B

连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, why,whether,how.whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever等

He has become a teacher.他已经成为一名教师。

He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.他已经成为了他10年前想成为的。

She has remained there for an hour.她曾在那里停留了一个小时。

She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一个小时。

His suggestion is good.他的建议是好的。

His suggestion is that we should stay calm.他的建议是，我们应该保持冷静。

The question is confusing.这个问题令人困惑.The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.问题是，他什么时候可以到达酒店。

Who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.谁与我明天将前往北京。Why he cried yesterday.昨天他为什么哭。

How I can persuade her to join us in the party.我怎么能说服她加入我们的派对。

Whether the enemy is marching towards us.是否敌人正向我们行进.注意

A

表语从句一定要用陈述语序。

False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.B

不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）。

引导宾语从句时可以互换if/whether 位于介词后要用whether

专心爱心用心which, 1

位于句首时要用whether

引导表语从句，主语从句，同位语从句时要用whether

False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.C

不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.D

that在表语从句中不可以省掉。

基本用法

表语从句只能置于主句之后，而主句的动词只能是联系动词。

名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句

例如： The problem is how we can get the things we need.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。(how 在表语从句中充当方式状语)

The scissors are not what I need.这把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what 在表语从句中充当宾语)

What I told him was that I would find him a good play.我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。(what在主语从句中作直接宾语，that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分，不能省略)

That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)

That is why she failed to pass the exam.那就是她考试不及格的原因。(why 在表语从句中充当原因状语)

注意

“That is why...”是常用句型，意为“这就是„„的原因/因此„„”，其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语，该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结，又如： That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne.珍妮，这就是现在这个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异，说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后，用这一句来进行概括)。// That is why I came.这就是我来的原因。

下面是两个与“That is why...”形式相似的结构，它们与“That is why...”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚：

(1)“That is why...”与“That is the reason why...”同义，只不过从语法结构上讲，“That is the reason why...”中why引导的是—个定语从句，将其中的the reason去掉则与“That is why...”结构一样，例如：

That is(the reason)why I cannot agree.这就是我不能同意的理由。

(2)“That is because...”句型中从属连词because引导的名词性从句在此作表语，这也是个常用句型，意为“这就是为什么„„/因为„„”。“That is because...”与“That is why...”之间的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由，“That is why...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果，例如：

He did not see the film last night.That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.昨天晚上他没有去看电影，那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。

(第一句话说明结果，第二句话说明原因)

He had seen the film before.That is why he did not see it last night.他以前曾看过那部电影，因此他昨天晚上没有去看。(第一句话说明原因，第二句话说明结果)案例分析

［考题1］

The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.(2007上海)

A.when B.why C.whether D.that

［答案］ D

［解析］ 下划线处之后是包含一个原因状语从句的表语从句，如果看不出它是充当整个句子结构的表语从句将难以把握整个句子的意思。因此，应选择可引导名词性从句且不充当任何成分的that。

［考题2］

You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree.(2004)

A.why B.where C.what D.how

［答案］ B

［解析］ 下划线处的引导词引导系动词is后的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当地点状语(“disagree”属于不及物动词，“I disagree”本身是完整的主谓结构)，下划线应填入引导词where，表语从句“where I disagree”的意思是“我不同意之处、我不同意的地方”。

［考题3］

— I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.— Is that ____ you had a few days off?(1999)

A.why B.when C.what D.where

［答案］ A

［解析］ 下划线处的引导词引导与系动词is连用的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当原因状语，下划线应填入表示“因此„„”(指因某种原因所造成的结果)的引导词why。［考题4］

____ she couldn’t understand was ____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.(2000上海)

A.What;why B.That;what C.What;because D.Why;that

［答案］ A

［解析］ 第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当宾语，特指她所不理解的事情，应填入关系代词型的引导词what； 第二个下划线处表示“因此„„”(指因某种原因所造成的后果，由why引导对应的名词性从句)而不是“为什么„„”(指原因、理由，由because引导对应的名词性从句)，应填入引导词why。

［考题5］

____ made the school proud was ____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.(2003上海春)

A.What;because B.What;that

C.That;what D.That;because

［答案］ B

［解析］ 第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当主语，特指令校方骄傲的事情，应选用关系代词型的引导词what； 第二个下划线处引导表语从句表示

原因、理由，应由that引导对应的名词性从句。

［考题6］

— Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?

— Oh, that’s ____.(2003北京春)

A.what makes me feel excited B.whatever I feel excited about

C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited

［答案］ A

［解析］ A选项的意思是“令我感觉激动的事物”； B选项的意思是“我觉得激动的任何事物”； C选项的意思是“我对它感觉的方式”； D选项的意思是“令我感觉激动的时间”。四个选项中A最适合跟代表“game”的主语that对应，充当表语从句。表语从句与宾语从句的关系

宾语从句和表语从句都属于名词性从句。其作用跟名词在句中的作用相同。故充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句，充当表语的句子叫表语从句。

宾语从句

(1)对于宾语从句要掌握以下三点

①语序: 从句的语序必须是陈述句语序, 即“主语 + 谓语”这种形式。

②时态: 当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时的时候, 从句可以是任何时态, 而当主句是一般过去时的时候, 从句, 从句时态必须是过去时范围的时态, 即(一般过去时, 过去进行时, 过去完成时, 过去将来时)。

③连接词: 当从句意思完整, 主句意思肯定时, 连接词用that, 且可以省去, 当从句意思完整, 主句意思不确定或含否定含意时, 常用if或whether(是否), 当从句意思不完整时, 连接词则是代替不完整部分的特殊疑问词。

表语从句

在句子中起表语作用的从句叫做表语从句，位于主句系动词的后面。表语从句的引导词和主语从句的引导词相同。也是名词性从句的一种。

如： What the police want to know is when you entered red the room警察想知道的是你什么时候进的房间。

The trouble is that we are short of funds困难是我们缺乏资金。

This is what we should do这是我们应当做的。

That”s why I want you to work there那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因。

His first question was whether Mr.Smith had arrived yet他的第一个问题是史密斯先生到了没有。

注意：从句中的疑问句用正常语序，即陈述语序。

as if, as though, because也可用来引导表语从句。

She seems as if she had done a great thing她看起来好像做了一件大事。It is because you eat too much是因为你吃得太多了。

第三篇：高中英语语法表语从句练习含答案

表语从句

1.__________ is troubling me is _________ I don’t understand __________ he said.A.What;that;what

B.What;what;what C.That;that;what

D.Why;that;which 2.---I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.---Is that __________ you had a few days off?

A.why

B.when

C.what

D.where 3.Things were not _________ they seemed to be.A.when

B.why

C.that

D.where 4.If there was a reason why I achieved such a great success, maybe it is just __________ I have been so lucky.A.that

B.because

C.in that

D.owing to the fact that 5.---Her ability has never been in doubt.---The question is _________ she is prepared to work hard.A.that

B.if

C.where

D.whether 6.The reason why she doesn’t go there was __________ a new job.A.because she got

B.because off getting

C.due to getting

D.that she got 7._________ surprised me was _______ he couldn’t speak English.A.That;that

B.Why;that

C.Who;that

D.What;that 8.His first question was _________ Tom had arrived.A.if

B.that

C.whether

D.what 9.The question is ________ can be put into practice.A.how you have learned

B.how what you have learned

C.that why you have learned

D.how that you have learned 10.A hinge joint is _________ permits the forward and backward movement of a door.A.that

B.what

C.those

D.which 11.One reason why Hamlet is such a successful play is that _________.A.it appeals different to people

B.different people are appealed

C.it appeals to many different people

D.people find it appealing to them very much 12.I think it is _________ you are doing too much.A.because of

B.because

C.because that

D.due to 13.A more important question is _________ these ideas are well or ill found.A.where

B.when

C.how

D.whether 14.The reason he is ill is _________ he ate too much.A.due to

B.that

C.since

D.because 15.Even the mountains here are no longer ________ they used to be.A.the same

B.which

C.that

D.what 16.That’s __________ I want to say.A.all what

B.what

C.all which

D.what that 17.That’s _____________.A.where out differences lie

B.our differences lie there

C.where do our differences lie

C.that where out differences lie 18.That is __________.A.where lived he there

B.where did he lived

C.where he lived

D.that where he lived 19.The question is ____________.A.whether is it worth doing

B.that if it is worth doing

C.whether it is worth doing

C.if it is worth doing 20.Water will continue to be __________ it is today next in importance to oxygen.A.how

B.which

C.what

D.as 21.That’s __________.A.how did I become a teacher

B.how Ibecame a teacher

C.how a teacher I became

D.that I became a teacher 22.They are just ___________.A.that what shall I have

B.what shall I have

C.that I shall have what

D.what I shall have 23.It looked ___________.A.as if it was going to rain

B.that as if it was going to rain

C.as if was it going to rain

D.as if that it was going to rain 24.That’s ____________.A.how she did it

B.that how did she do it

C.how did she do it

D.what she did it 25.That is _________ we decided to put the discussion off.A.where

B.which

C.that

D.why 26.That’s ________ I lived which when I was ten years old.A.where

B.at which

C.there where

D.when 27.My suggestion is ________ we should send a few comrades to help them.A.if

B.that

C.when that

D.that where 28.With the development of computers, it is_________ man has suddenly become a millionaire of the mind.A.that

B.as if

C.why

D.as 29.It looks ________ successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller.A.that

B.as if

C.why

D.as 30.The question is __________ we shall perform the experiment.A.which

B.where

C.who

D.that

AADAD DDCBB CBDBD BACCC BDAAD ABBBB

第四篇：表语从句练习

1.The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.A.that B.if C.when D.whether

2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.A.because B.that C.for D.because of 3.Go and get your coat.It’ s ________you left it

A.where B.there C.there where D.where there 4．The problem is _________to take the place of Ted

A.who can we get B.what we can get

C.who we can get D.that we can get 5.What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.A.that B.if C.whether D.不填 6.The reason is_________I missed the bus.A.that B.when C.why D.what 7.That is __ ___ we were late last time.A.that B.when C.why D.what

8.She looked _________ she were ten years younger.A.that B.like C.as D.as though 9.—I felt sick!

--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.A.why B.when C.what D.because 10.The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.A.because his mother is ill B.because of his mother’s being ill C.that his mother is ill D.for his mother is ill 11.—He was born here.--That is _______ he likes the place so much.A.that B.what C.why D.how 12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.A.what B.where C.that D.why

13．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.A.What;how are you B.That；how you are C.How；that you are D.What；how you are 14.The trouble is__________we are short of tools.A.what B.that C.how D.why that

15.America was __________was first called ―India‖ by Columbus.A.what B.where C.the place D.there where

16.China is becoming stronger and stronger.It is no longer_________.A.what it used to be B.what it was used to being C.what it used to being D.what it was used to be

17.________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A.What … that B.That … what

C.What … what D.That … what 18.The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.A.that B.which C.what D.such

19.—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that_____ you had a few days off？（NMET1999）A.why B.what C.when D.where.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through.（1998 上海）A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why D.It’s how

21.See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.（06 全国）A.when B.which C.where D.what

22.---Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?(2003北京春)

---Oh, that’s _____.A.what makes me feel excited B.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited

23.What surprised me was not what he said but ______ he said it.（2004湖北）A.the way B.in the way that C.in the way D.the way which 24.-I drive to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that __you had a few days off?(NMET1999)A.why B.when C.what D where 25.The question is ____it is worth visiting.A.if B.as if C.whether D.how 26.This is _____it happened.A.what B.when C.that D.how 27.This is ____ the city lies.A.which B.what C.where D.when 28.He was ill.That is ____he didn’t come yesterday.A.when B.why C.how D.that 29.That was ___ I was thirteen I entered the No.1 Middle School.A.because B.why C.how D when 30.The problem is ____we can master modern science and technology in a short time.A.if B.that C.what D.how 31.–Doesn’t Mr.Smith live on this street?

-No.This is ____Mr.Brown lives.A.which B.where C.how D.that 32.The reason why he has been such a success is ____he never gives up.A.what B.where C.how D.that 33.–what is that building?

-___the garden equipment is stored A.that’s where B.There is in which C.the building is D.That’s the building which 34.Our village is no longer ____over twenty years ago.A.what was it

B.what it was

C.the village what was

D.what was the village 35.___you are the first one here.A.it seems that as if B.it seems as if that c.it seems as if D.It seems that as though 36.My hope is ___he will become a doctor in the future.A.if B.whether C.that D.what 37.it was ___they were used as an advertisement for the shop.A.because B.which C.what D.if

答案：1-5DBACC

6-10ACDDC

11-15CBDBA

16-20AACAB

21-25DAAAC

26-30DCBAD

31-35BBABC

36-37CA 2

第五篇：高中英语语法定语从句小结

定语从句

1.① 关系代词（who,whom,whose,which,that,as）

A.从句中谓语动词的人称和数与先行词一致

one of +动词复数-------He is one of the students who have been to Shanghai

the only one +动词单数-------He is the only one of the students who has been to ShanghaiB.who/whom

介词放在句尾，二者都可用------This is the girl(who/whom)we have been looking for.C.whose=of which

The classroomare broken is unoccupied.The classroomare broken is unoccupied.D.介词+关系代词

⑴v.+prep.which he had been⑵n.+prep.They are still living in the little house ’ve been⑶adj.+prep.The woker E.只用that

⑴.先行词是最高级、序数词

⑵.先行词是all,some/any/no/every+thing ,none

或only,any,few,little,no,all,none of,the very+先行词

⑶.先行词既有人又有物

⑷.who/which…….that…..?

⑸…… which…….that……

② 关系副词(when,where,why)

A.when=on which

先行词：occasion

B.where=in which

先行词：case,point,situation,condition,stage

C.why=for which

先行词：reason

2.A． when=and thenwhere=and there

B． as/which

(1)as在句前、句中、句后------which在句后

(2)非限制性定语从句放在主句之后，用as

定语从句是否定句或表示否定时，用which---He came here very late, which was unexpected

(3)As anybody can see

As we had expected

As often happens

As has been said before

As is mentioned above

As I understand

As appears

(4)As+被动语态------Which+主动语态