土木工程毕业设计结论与摘要

第一篇：土木工程毕业设计结论与摘要

结 论

通过为期两个月的毕业设计，总的体会可以用一句话来表达，纸上得来终觉浅，绝知此事要躬行！。

以往的课程设计都是单独的构件或建筑物的某一部分的设计，而毕业设计则不一样，它需要综合考虑各个方面的工程因素，诸如布局的合理，安全，经济，美观，还要兼顾施工的方便。这是一个综合性系统性的工程，因而要求我们分别从建筑，结构等不同角度去思考问题。

在设计的过程中，遇到的问题是不断的。前期的建筑方案由于考虑不周是，此后在指导老师及教研室各位老师和同学们的帮助下，通过参考建筑图集，建筑规范以及各种设计资料，使我的设计渐渐趋于合理。

在计算机制图的过程中，我更熟练操作AutoCAD、天正建筑等建筑设计软件。在此过程中，我对制图规范有了较为深入地了解，对平、立、剖面图的内容、线形、尺寸标注等问题上有了更为清楚地认识。

中期进行对选取的一榀框架进行结构手算更是重头戏，对各门专业课程知识贯穿起来加以运用，比如恒载，活载与抗震的综合考虑进行内力组合等。开始的计算是错误百出，稍有不慎，就会出现与规范不符的现象，此外还时不时出现笔误，于是反复参阅各种规范，设计例题等，把课本上的知识转化为自己的东西，使其更接近于实际工程。

后期的计算书电脑输入，由于以前对各种办公软件应用不多，以致开始的输入速度相当的慢，不过经过一段时间的练习，日趋熟练。

紧张的毕业设计终于划上了一个满意的句号，从四月份至今，回想起过去两个多月的设计收获是很大的，看到展现在眼前的毕业设计成果，不仅使我对四年来大学所学专业知识的进行了一次比较系统的复习和总结归纳，而且使我真正体会了设计的艰辛和一种付出后得到了回报的满足感和成就感。同时也为以后的工作打下了坚实的基础，也为以后的人生作好了铺垫。

因此，通过本毕业设计，掌握了结构设计的内容、步骤、和方法，158 全面了解设计的全过程；培养正确、熟练的结构方案、结构设计计算、构造处理及绘制结构施工图的能力；培养我们在建筑工程设计中的配合意识；培养正确、熟练运用规范、手册、标准图集及参考书的能力；通过实际工程训练，建立功能设计、施工、经济全面协调的思想，进一步建立建筑、结构工程师的责任意识。

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参考文献

[1] 李国强，李杰.建筑结构抗震设计.北京：中国建筑工业出版社出版，2002；27－38 [2] 沈蒲生，梁兴文.混凝土结构原理.北京：高等教育出版社出版，2002：34－94 [3] 同济大学，西安建筑科技大学.东南大学，重庆建筑大学.房屋建筑学.北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1999：

[4] 陈文斌、章金良.建筑工程制图.上海：同济大学出版社，1996； [5] 陈希哲.土力学地基基础.北京；清华大学出版社，2003； [6] 朱育万.土木工程制图.北京：高等教育出版社，2000； [7] 龙驭球.结构力学.北京：高等教育出版社，2002；

[8] 沈蒲生，苏三庆.高等学校建筑工程专业毕业设计指导.北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2000、6；

[9] 梁兴文、史庆轩.土木工程专业毕业设计指导.北京：科学出版社，2002；

[10] 中华人民共和国建设部.建筑结构荷载规范.北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2002；

[11] 中华人民共和国建设部.混凝土结构设计规范（GB 50010-2002）.北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2002；

[12] 中华人民共和国建设部.建筑地基基础设计规范（GB 50007-2001）.北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2002；

[13] 中华人民共和国建设部.建筑抗震设计规范（GB 50011－2001）.北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2002；

[14] 中华人民共和国建设部.混凝土结构设计规范（GB 500010-2002）.北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2002；

[15] 中华人民共和国建设部，层民用建筑设计防火规范（GB50045-1995）.北京： 中国建筑工业出版社，2001；

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致 谢

毕业设计即将结束，全职的学生生活也随之画上句号。即将走上社会的我，回想大学的生活感慨颇多。在这四年的时间里，认识了很多老师和同学，不论是在生活方面还是在学习方面，他们都给了我很大的帮助。通过这几年的学习，我不仅学到了许多文化知识，而且在做人和为人处世方面也深有所得，在毕业离校之际，深深地向他们表达我最真诚的谢意！

在整个毕业设计期间，因为有了你们的帮助和支持，我才把一个系统的、从来没有上手的课题，圆满地完成。正是因为有了你们的帮助，才让我不仅学到了本次课题所涉及的新知识，更让我感觉到了知识以外的东西，那就是团结的力量。

在这次毕业设计中，我首先要感谢我的指导老师，她的严谨求实的治学态度、高度的敬业精神、兢兢业业、孜孜以求的工作作风对我产生重要影响。她们用自己的言行来告诉我们应以什么样的心态去学习、去工作。是她们的鼓励和帮助才使我顺利完成设计。在毕业设计过程中，教研室所有的老师都给我极大的帮助。在此，向他们表达深深的谢意。

最重要的是我还要深深地感谢我的父母，她们为我默默操劳支持我读完了大学，他们不辞劳苦的精神，成为我永远前进的动力！我将倍加努力，在新的工作岗位上，用优异的成绩来感谢帮助过我的人。

最后，再次感谢母校和老师们。

致谢人：吕冈奎

2007-6-10

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第二篇：土木工程毕业设计—教学楼设计—中英文摘要

西北工业大学教学楼设计

学生姓名：曾凡亮

班级：土木0801

指导老师：马斌奇、丁怡洁

摘要：本教学楼共6层，层高43.6米，建筑面积约6687.7m2，建筑总高度21.60米，采用钢筋混凝土框架结构，抗震等级为二级，抗震设防烈度为8度，整个设计包括建筑设计和结构设计两部分。

建筑设计部分，首先根据建筑的使用功能确定建筑的初步布局，包括建筑体形及室内空间布置等，然后结合使用的材料、做法进一步确定具体尺寸和平、立面风格等。

结构设计部分，首先根据建筑设计、工艺使用要求、材料供应情况以及场地地质条件等确定结构布置方案，然后选取一榀典型框架进行设计计算。在明确计算简图的前提下，进一步确定框架承受的荷载，包括恒载、屋（楼）面活载，在此基础上进行框架内力计算（采用D值法计算风荷载作用下的内力，采用弯矩二次分配法计算竖向荷载作用下的内力）、内力组合、梁、柱和基础等构件的配筋计算以及风荷载作用下的侧移验算。

在上述工作的基础上，采用制图软件AutoCAD 2004绘制了建筑施工图和结构施工图。

关键词：钢筋混凝土框架结构；教学楼；建筑设计；结构设计。

Design of the teaching building in Northwestern Polytechnical University Student Name : Ceng Fanliang class of 0801: Civil Teacher: Ma Binqi, Ding Yijie, Abstract: the teaching building has 6 floors,43.6 meters tall, the building area of about 6687.7m2, building a total height of 21.60 meters, with reinforced concrete frame structure, seismic grade two, seismic fortification intensity is 8 degrees, the design consists of architectural design and structural design of two parts.Part of the architectural design, according to the construction of the first use of function determine the initial layout of the building, including the building shape and layout of the indoor space, and then use a combination of materials, practice further determine the specific size peace, elevation style.Structure design part, firstly according to the architectural design, process, materials supply and requirements for the use of the site geological conditions determine the layout of the structure, and then selects a pin typical framework design.In the explicit calculation diagram under the premise, further determining the frame under load, including dead load, live load house(floor)surface, on the basis of calculation of internal forces of frame(the D value method to calculate the wind load, the moment two methods of distribution to calculate vertical load under the action of internal force, internal force)combination, beam, column and foundation member reinforcement calculation and wind load under the lateral displacement calculation.On the basis of the above work, using graphics software AutoCAD 2004drawing construction plans and construction plans.Keywords: reinforced concrete frame structure;teaching building;architectural design;structure design.

第三篇：毕业论文摘要、结论

毕业论文摘要与结论的写作方法及样例

一,怎样写毕业论文摘要

(一)什么是论文摘要

摘要也就是内容提要,是论文中不可缺少的一部分.它是建立在对论文进行总结的基础之上,用简单,明确,易懂,精辟的语言对全文内容加以概括,留主干去枝叶,提取论文的主要信息.作者的观点,论文的主要内容,研究成果,独到的见解,这些都应该在摘要中体现出来.为了便于索引与查找,易于收录到大型资料库中并为他人提供信息,论文摘要应以第三人称写作,应是一篇具有独立性的短文.(二)

1.摘要的字数

摘要字数要求在300～400字之间.2.摘要的基本规范

(1)应以第三人称写作.摘要是完整的短文,具有独立性,可以单独使用.即使不看论文全文的内容,仍然可以理解论文的主要内容,作者的新观点和想法以及论文所要实现的目的,采取的方法,研究的结果与结论.(2)叙述完整,突出逻辑性,短文结构要合理.(3)文字简明扼要,不容赘言,采用直接表述的方法，做到用最少的文字提供最大的信息量.(4)摘要中不使用特殊字符,图表以及由特殊字符组成的数学表达式,不能列举例证.3.摘要的内容构成要素

目的,方法,对象和结论称为摘要的四要素.(1)目的:,目的,重要性.(2)方法:

(3)成果:.(4)(简写),(三)毕业论文摘要样例

(:个人所得税流失问题的探讨)

摘 要

自1993年统一个人所得税以来,个人所得税随着我国经济的快速发展,个人收入的增加成为我国目前增长速度最快的税种.但同时个人所得税也是我国税收流失比较严重的税种之一,因此对个人所得税税收流失机理的探讨,流失规模的测算显得尤为重要.运用数量分析与规范分析相结合的方法,以黑龙江省为例初步测算个人所得税流失的规模,证明税收流失的严重性,解释个人所得税流失的主要原因是由于税收制度的不完善,税收法制建设滞后而造成的收入分配机制扭曲,加之信用制度缺失,传统文化的惯性等诸多原因加剧了税收流失的规模,并在此基础上提出借鉴国外成功经验提出尽快出台税收基本法,完善个人所得税制度及建立个人信用制度的对策建议.二,怎样写毕业论文结论

(一)结论是一篇论文的收束部分,是以研究成果为前提,经过严密的逻辑推理和论证所得出的最后结论.在结论中应明确指出论文研究的成果或观点,对其应用前景和社会,经济价值等加以预测和评价,并指出今后进一步在本研究方向进行研究工作的展望与设想.结论应写得简明扼要,精练完整,逻辑严谨,措施得当,表达准确,有条理性.(二)

1.,不加章号.2.600-800字左右.3.,主要对策与建议,并简要说明研究中所存在的不足,为他人继续研究指明方向,提供线索.4.:,一般不要提出新的观点或材料.(三)毕业论文结论样例

(:个人所得税流失问题的探讨)

结 论 市场经济的迅速发展,个人收入的不断提高使个人所得税成为增长潜力与空间最大的税种,个人所得税的流失也成为关注的热点.本文以黑龙江省为例尝试用税收收入能力测算法估测黑龙江省个人所得税税收流失的规模,并与浙江省税收流失规模作了比较,发现虽然两省的经济发展速度不同,但税收流失的相对规模趋同,从而证实了税收流失的严重性.在此基础上进一步探求税收流失的原因,发现分类所得税制强化了税收的收入功能,削弱了调节功能,造成收入分配机制扭曲,将工薪阶层推向个人所得税纳税人主体,税收相对负担较重,这与个人所得税的目标是相违背的.而信用制度缺失,传统文化的惯性等因素加大了个人所得税征管的难度增加了税收成本,税收流失进一步加剧.因此治理个人能所得税税收流失在我国是一项长期而艰巨的系统工程,本文认为从完善个人所得税制度入手,减少工薪所得税的累进级数,以混合课征制为过渡,缓解收入分配机制的扭曲.同时迅速建立起以身份证号码为基础的三号统一(身份证号,纳税识别号,社会保障号)的个人信用平台,配合税收征管制度的强化提高征税效率.加大税法宣传力度,借助新闻媒体的力量,使公民知法守法,从而逐步减少税收流失.由于所学知识有限,本文只在粗浅的层面解释个人所得税税收流失的原因,提出基本的对策建议.税收流失的测算方法以及个人所得税流失的深层根源还有待于深入研究,我会在今后的工作中继续关注个人所得税

第四篇：土木工程毕业设计目录及摘要

延安市政府办公楼

摘 要

本工程为政府办公楼工程，采用框架结构，主体为六层，本地区抗震设防烈度为8度，近震，场地类别为II类场地。主导风向为西南，基本风压0.40KN/M，基本雪压0.25 KN/M。楼﹑屋盖均采用现浇钢筋混凝土结构。

本设计贯彻“实用、安全、经济、美观”的设计原则。按照建筑设计规范，认真考虑影响设计的各项因素。根据结构与建筑的总体与细部的关系。

本设计主要进行了结构方案中横向框架第12轴抗震设计。在确定框架布局之后，先进行了层间荷载代表值的计算,接着利用顶点位移法求出自震周期，进而按底部剪力法计算水平地震荷载作用下大小，进而求出在水平荷载作用下的结构内力（弯矩、剪力、轴力）。接着计算竖向荷载（恒载及活荷载）作用下的结构内力。是找出最不利的一组或几组内力组合。选取最安全的结果计算配筋并绘图。此外还进行了结构方案中的室内楼梯的设计。完成了平台板，梯段板，平台梁等构件的内力和配筋计算及施工图绘制。对楼板进行了配筋计算，本设计采用桩基础，对基础承台和桩进行了受力和配筋计算。

整个结构在设计过程中，严格遵循相关的专业规范的要求，参考相关资料和有关最新的国家标准规范，对设计的各个环节进行综合全面的科学性考虑。总之，适用、安全、经济、使用方便是本设计的原则。设计合理可行的建筑结构方案是现场施工的重要依据。

关键词： 框架结构，抗震设计，荷载计算，内力计算，计算配筋

I

Luoyang City West office building

ABSTRACT

This works for the city of Luoyang West office building, a framework structure for a six-storey main, in the region earthquake intensity of 8 degrees near Lan site classification as Class II venues.Led to the southwest direction, the basic Pressure 0.40 KN / M, basic snow pressure 0.25KN/M.Floor roof were using cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure.The design and implement “practical, security, economic, aesthetic,” the design principles.With the architectural design, design seriously consider the influence of the various factors.According to the structural and architectural detail and the overall relationship.The design of the main structure of the program horizontal framework 12-axis seismic design.In determining the distribution framework, the first layer of representative value of the load, Then use vertex from the displacement method for earthquake cycle, and then at the bottom of shear horizontal seismic load calculation under size, then calculated the level of load under the Internal Forces(bending moment, shear and axial force).Then calculate vertical load(constant load and live load)under the Internal Forces.Identify the most disadvantaged group or an internal force several combinations.Select the best safety results of the reinforcement and Mapping.In addition, the structure of the program indoor staircase design.Completion of the platform boards, boards of the ladder, platform beam component and the reinforcement of internal forces calculation and construction mapping.On the floor reinforcement calculation, the use of pile foundation design, foundation and pile caps for the force and reinforcement calculation.II

The whole structure of the design process, in strict compliance with the relevant professional standard, reference to relevant information and the latest national standards and specifications, and design of the various components of a comprehensive scientific considerations.In short, application, security, economic and user-friendly design is the principle.Design reasonable and workable structure of the program is the construction site of the important basis for the construction.KEY WORDS:Frame

Structure,Seismic

Design，Load Calculation，Internal force calculation，Calculation reinforcement

III

符 号

Ec －混凝土弹性模量；

C20－表示立方体强度标准值为20N/mm2的混凝土强度等级； N－轴向力设计值； M－弯矩设计值； V－剪力设计值； A－构件截面面积； I－截面惯性矩；

Gk－永久荷载标准值； QK－可变荷载标准值；

G－永久荷载分项系数；

Q－可变荷载分项系数；

Fek－结构总水平地震作用标准值；

GE、Geq－地震时结构的重力荷载代表值、表值；

T－结构自振周期；

RE－承载力抗震调整系数；

－构件长细比；

fak－地基承载力特征值； H0－基础高度；

d－基础埋置深度，桩身直径；

－土的重力密度；

k－风荷载标准值；

Fn－结构顶部附加水平地震作用标准值；

u－楼层层间位移；

e－偏心距；

Asv－箍筋面积； B－结构迎风面宽度；

h0－截面有效高度；

IV

等效总重力荷载代

AS－受拉区、受压区纵筋面积。

目 录

前言 ··················································· 错误！未定义书签。第1章 工程概况 ································· 错误！未定义书签。第2章 结构布置及计算简图 ············· 错误！未定义书签。§2.1结构布置及梁,柱截面尺寸的初选 错误！未定义书签。

§2.1.1梁柱截面尺寸初选 ··········· 错误！未定义书签。§2.1.2结构布置 ··························· 错误！未定义书签。§2.2框架计算简图及梁柱线刚度 ································· 6

§2.2.1确定框架计算简图 ········································· 6 §2.2.2框架梁柱的线刚度计算 ································· 8

第3章 荷载计算 ······························································· 8 § 3.1荷载计算 ································································ 8

§3.1.1 屋面及楼面恒荷载计算 ····························· 9 §3.1.2 屋面及楼面活荷载计算 错误！未定义书签。§3.1.3 梁，柱，墙，门窗重力荷载的计算 ········· 9

第4章 框架梁柱的线刚度计算 ····································· 12 §4.1框架梁柱的线刚度计算 ········ 错误！未定义书签。

§4.1.1 框架梁柱的线刚度计算·························· 13 §4.1,2 梁柱的线平均刚度比 ······························ 13

第5章 横向水平荷载作用下的框架内力计算 错误！未定义书签。

§5.1重力荷载代表值计算 ··············· 错误！未定义书签。

§5.1.1墙自重 ··························································· 16 §5.1.2梁，柱，墙，板，门窗重力荷载标准值 ··· 19 §5.1.3集中与各楼层处的重力荷载代表值计算 ··· 21 §5.2水平地震作用下框架内力合侧移的计算 ··········· 23 §5.2.1横向自振周期 ··············································· 23 §5.2.2水平地震作用 ··················· 错误！未定义书签。

V

§5.2.3水平地震作用下框架内力计算错误！未定义书签。

§5.3横向凤荷载作用下框架结构内力和侧移计算 ··· 错误！未定义书签。

§5.3.1凤荷载标准值 ··················· 错误！未定义书签。

§5.3.2风荷载作用下的水平位移验算 ··············· 35 §5.3.2凤荷载作用下的框架结构的内力计算 ··· 35

第6章竖向荷载作用下内力计算 ··································· 42

§6.1框架结构的荷载计算 ······································· 42 §6.2.1板传荷载计算 ··········································· 42 §6.2恒荷载作用下框架的内力 ······························· 45

§6.2.1恒荷载作用下框架的弯矩计算 ··············· 49 §6.3活荷载作用下框架的内力 ······························· 55

§6.3.1活载作用下的框架内力 ··························· 55 §6.3.2活荷载作用下框架的内力计算 ··············· 55 第7章 框架结构的内力组合 ········································· 64

§7.1框架结构梁内力组合 ··········· 错误！未定义书签。

§7.1.1框架结构梁的内力组合 错误！未定义书签。§7.1.2梁端弯矩控制值 ······································· 74 §7.1.3梁端截面组合的剪力设计值调整 ··········· 86 §7.2框架结构柱的内力组合 ··································· 86 §7.2.1框架结构柱的内力组合 ··························· 86 §7.2.2柱端弯矩设计值调整 ······························ 102 §7.2.3柱端截面组合的剪力设计值调整 ·········· 104 第8章 框架柱正、斜截面配筋计算 ···························· 105

§8.1框架柱的截面设计 ·········································· 105

§8.1.1框架柱截面设计 ······································ 105 §8.1.2柱斜截面受弯承载力计算 ······················ 119 §8.2框架梁的正，斜截面配筋计算 ······················ 119

§8.2.1正截面受弯承载力计算 ·························· 119 §8.2.2截面受弯承载力计算 ······························ 128

VI

第9章板配筋计算 ·························································· 130

§9.1板的配筋 ·························································· 130

§9.1.1设计资料 ·················································· 130 §9.1.2荷载计算 ·················································· 130 §9.1.3板的计算 ·················································· 130 第10章 楼梯计算 ·························································· 138

§10.1楼梯的设计 ···················································· 138

§10.1.1楼梯设计资料 ········································ 138 §10.2踏步板（TB-1）计算 ···································· 138

§10.2.1荷载计算 ················································ 139 §10.2.2斜截面内力计算 ···································· 140 §10.2.3截面承载力计算 ···································· 140 §10.3楼梯斜梁(TL-1)计算 ································ 140

§10.3.1荷载计算 ················································ 140 §10.3.2斜截面内力计算 ···································· 141 §10.3.3截面承载力计算 ···································· 141 §10.4休息平台（PB-2）计算 ································ 142

§10.4.1荷载计算 ················································ 142 §10.4.2平台板弯矩计算 ···································· 142 §10.4.3平台板配筋计算 ···································· 142 §10.5平台梁计算 ···················································· 143

§10.5.1荷载计算 ················································ 143 §10.5.2内力计算 ················································ 144 §10.5.3正截面承载力计算.······························ 146

第11章 基础配筋计算 ·················································· 146

§11.1桩基础的设计及验算 ···································· 147 §11.1.1桩设计资料 ············································ 147 §11.1.2确定桩的规格数量及初定承台的尺寸 147 §11.1.3单桩竖向承载力特征值 ························ 147 §11.1.4确定桩的数量 ········································ 147 §11.1.5桩承台的设计 ········································ 147

VII

§11.1.6单桩承载力的验算 ································ 147 §11.1.7偏心荷载验算 ········································ 147 §11.1.8楼梯设计资料 ············· 错误！未定义书签。§11.2承台的结构计算 ············································ 149 §11.2.1承台高度验算 ········································ 149 §11.2.2柱对承台的冲切验算 ···························· 149 §11.2.3角柱对承台的冲切验算 ························ 150 §11.2.4承台抗剪承载力验算 ···························· 150 §11.3基础配筋计算 ················································ 150 §11.3.1承台配筋 ················································ 150 §11.3.2桩身配筋 ················································ 151 §11.4中桩基础的设计 ············································ 152 §11.4.1桩设计资料 ············································ 152 §11.4.2确定桩的规格数量及初定承台的尺寸 152 §11.4.3单桩竖向承载力特征值 ························ 152 §11.4.4确定桩的数量 ········································ 154 §11.4.5桩承台的设计 ········································ 154 §11.4.6单桩承载力的验算 ································ 154 §11.4.7偏心荷载验算 ········································ 154 §11.5中桩承台的结构计算 ···································· 155 §11.5.1承台高度验算 ········································ 155 §11.5.2柱对承台的冲切验算 ···························· 155 §11.5.3角柱对承台的冲切验算 ························ 155 §11.5.4承台抗剪承载力验算 ···························· 155 §11.6基础配筋计算 ················································ 156 §11.6.1承台配筋 ················································ 156 §11.6.2桩身配筋 ················································ 157 第12章 结论 ·································································· 158 参考文献 ·········································································· 160 致 谢 ················································································ 161 外文资料译文 ·································································· 162

VIII

IX

第五篇：毕业设计摘要

摘要

电流传感器是电力系统中进行电能计量和继电保护设备，其精度及可靠性与电力系统的安全和经济运行密切相关。随着电力工业的发展，传统的电流传感器难以满足需求，而光电流传感器因其独特的优点具有潜在的应用价值，是未来电力工业电流测量发展的趋势。

本文通过广泛阅读资料，回顾了光学电流传感器近年来的进展，分析了该技术领域存在的问题，结合光纤光栅传感技术，根据超磁致伸缩材料特性分不加偏磁和加偏磁两种情况下对光纤光栅交流传感器进行了探索。

关键词光电流传感器；光纤布拉格光栅；超磁致伸缩材料

Abstract

The current transducer is the important device of power metering and relaying.Its’ precision and reliability related the safety and economy of operation in electric power system closely.With the development of power, conventional current transducer can’t meet requirements.While optical current transformer(OCT)have potential application cost because of its’ unique advantages, will be used to replace conventional current transducers in the future.In this paper, the present situation and state of R&D, existing problems in the field of OCT is reviewed and analyzed through extensive reading of the scientific papers and reports.AC current sensing was realized by DC bias condition and without DC bias condition.Keywordsoptical current transformer;fiber Bragg grating;giant magnetostrictive material