第一篇：四级作文分类
四级作文分类
（一）议论文
1、阐述分析现象： It Pays to Be Honest
1.当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象；
2.诚实利人利已，做人应该诚实
2、分析问题，提出解决办法： Getting to Know the World outside the Campus.1.大学生了解社会的必要性
2.了解社会的途径（大众媒介、社会服务等）3.我打算怎么做。
3、观点对比型：Can Money Buy Happiness?
1.有人认为金钱是幸福之本（source of happiness）
2.也有人认为金钱是万恶之源（root of all evil）
3.我的看法
4、反驳型：Do “Lucky Numbers” Really Bring Good Luck?
1.有些人认为某些数字会带来好运；
2.我认为数字和运气无关，……
（二）应用文：
一、书信
1.建议报考的专业及理由；
2.报考该专业的基本条件；
3.应当如何备考。
December 27th,2003 Dear sir，When it comes to which major you should choose, I propose that you apply for the major of English.To begin with, English is the most popular language in the world, which is widely used in all fields such as teaching, translation, foreign trade and so on.What’s more, it goes without saying that English majors are more likely to find a good job in the tighter and tighter job market.In order to study at English Department, you have to meet the following requirements.In the first place, you have to spend a lot of time on it, just as the old saying goes, “Practice makes perfect”.In the second place, the basic skills of reading, writing, listening and speaking are necessary, because they are the foundations for your future study.Last but not the least, you need an intense interest in learning English since “interest is the best teacher.”
As far as the preparation work is concerned, you should first of all review all the required vocabulary.In addition, you’d better spend some time on reading and writing.Only through these measures can you hope to enroll in our university.Yours，Li Ming
二、描述情景（记叙）
假设你在某日某时某地目击一起车祸，就此写一份见证书。见证书须包括以下几点：
1.车祸发生的时间及地点；
2.你所见到的车祸情况；
3.你对车祸原因的分析。
An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Accident
My name is Liming.I am studying at college.A week ago I saw a traffic accident, which is still vivid in my mind.It was at about 9:00 on Saturday morning, June 15th, when I went out of the university to visit a friend of mine at another university.I was walking leisurely on the sidewalk when I heard a loud crash of two vehicles just at the T-junction about 10 meters away.Two taxis crashed together.It was a traffic accident.I went up and found that the two taxis were badly damaged.Both hoofs were out of shape.One door of a car was knocked off and lying on the road.One driver was blooding and another was shut in the taxi.Some people were trying to help the driver 2 get out of the damaged car.One man was calling to the traffic policeman station.A lot of cars were jammed on the road.From the stopping track on the road, it is clear that the two taxis were driving too fast.But it is just one of the reasons.In my opinion, the taxi drivers are eager to take more passengers and make a little more money.On the other hand, both drivers don’t show concern for one another.Both of them wanted to run in front of another.Therefore, the accident is inevitable.So far, we should let the drivers keep it in their mind that a little slower, a little safer.Taking care of other’s lives means taking care of your own life.三、演讲致辞型
1.你认为自己具备是什么条件(能力，性格，爱好)可以胜任学生会主席工作，2.如果当选你将会为本校同学做什么？
A Campaign Speech
Dear fellow students，It is a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech.To begin with, I am “Huck, a junior from the English Department.As some of you may know, I am the monitor of Class4, Grade 2.As for the position of president of the students’ union, I think there are several things making me feel qualified to take the job.Firstly, I have gained a lot of experience and received wide praise from my classmates for my job as the monitor.Secondly, I am warm-hearted and always ready to help others, quick to react to the needs of my fellow students.Thirdly, I am good at organizing activities and have organized a number of English corners and discussions.Looking into the future, I will try my best to serve my fellow students if I am lucky enough to be the president of the students’ union.On the one hand, I, with my co-workers, will invite more famous professors to give lectures for our students in order that we can learn a lot of knowledge.On the other hand, I will organize more activities for our students to enhance understanding of each other.In addition, I will open more channels for our students to voice opinions and needs.3 Reaching these goals will require your broad support, and with that I will work to earn it.四、布告通知
1.介绍活动的时间地点，参加的人物 2.讲述参加活动的好处和意义 3.再次鼓励大家参与并留下联系方式
Welcome to Our Club
June 23, 2007 The Speech Club is organizing school-wide speech training and contests which are to be held on each Saturday at the Students’ Recreational Center.Five prestigious experts and professors will be invited to be speech lecturers and contest judges.For each speech contest, the first six winners will be given awards.Attending our club has substantial advantages.Firstly, it can improve your ability to deliver a speech which is of utmost significance to your future career and development.Secondly, it can help you to possess self-confidence, enrich your extra curricula activities and make your campus life dimensional, colorful and vigorous.To sum up, the experiences in our club will be extraordinarily unforgettable throughout your life.Students who are interested in taking part in it may sign up with the monitor of their classes before Tuesday next week(June 26).Everybody is welcome to attend our club.Speech Club
第二篇：四级作文分类
四级作文分类
（一）议论文
1、阐述分析现象： It Pays to Be Honest
1.当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象；
2.诚实利人利已，做人应该诚实
2、分析问题，提出解决办法： Getting to Know the World outside the Campus.1.大学生了解社会的必要性
2.了解社会的途径（大众媒介、社会服务等）；
3.我打算怎么做。
3、观点对比型：
Can Money Buy Happiness?
1.有人认为金钱是幸福之本（source of happiness）
2.也有人认为金钱是万恶之源（root of all evil）
3.我的看法
4、反驳型： Do “Lucky Numbers” Really Bring Good Luck?
1.有些人认为某些数字会带来好运；
2.我认为数字和运气无关，……
（二）应用文：
自2001年6月至2007年6月的六年之中，四级共有15次考试，其中9次考到了应用文，包括5封书信（3封严格意义上的书信、2篇书信的变体），2篇致辞和2篇告示。应用文的考题占到了四级写作题目的60％。2004年大学英语考试委员会明确声明：“以后的国内英语考试（包括四、六级、考研）侧重考查考生英语的实际运用能力”
一、书信
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter in reply to a friend's inquiry about applying for admission to your college or university.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:
1.建议报考的专业及理由；
2.报考该专业的基本条件；
3.应当如何备考。
December 27,2003
thDear sir，When it comes to which major you should choose, I propose that you apply for the major of English.To begin with, English is the most popular language in the world, which is widely used in all fields such as teaching, translation, foreign trade and so on.What’s more, it goes without saying that English majors are more likely to find a good job in the tighter and tighter job market.In order to study at English Department, you have to meet the following requirements.In the first place, you have to spend a lot of time on it, just as the old saying goes, “Practice makes perfect”.In the second place, the basic skills of reading, writing, listening and speaking are necessary, because they are the foundations for your future study.Last but not the least, you need an intense interest in learning English since “interest is the best teacher.”
As far as the preparation work is concerned, you should first of all review all the required vocabulary.In addition, you’d better spend some time on reading and writing.Only through these measures can you hope to enroll in our university.Yours，Li Ming
二、描述情景（记叙）
假设你在某日某时某地目击一起车祸，就此写一份见证书。见证书须包括以下几点：
1.车祸发生的时间及地点；
2.你所见到的车祸情况；
3.你对车祸原因的分析。
An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Accident
My name is Liming.I am studying at college.A week ago I saw a traffic accident, which is still vivid in my mind.It was at about 9:00 on Saturday morning, June 15th, when I went out of the university to visit a friend of mine at another university.I was walking leisurely on the sidewalk when I heard a loud crash of two vehicles just at the T-junction about 10 meters away.Two taxis crashed together.It was a traffic accident.I went up and found that the two taxis were badly damaged.Both hoofs were out of shape.One door of a car was knocked off and lying on the road.One driver was blooding and another was shut in the taxi.Some people were trying to help the driver get out of the damaged car.One man was calling to the traffic policeman station.A lot of cars were jammed on the road.From the stopping track on the road, it is clear that the two taxis were driving too fast.But it is just one of the reasons.In my opinion, the taxi drivers are eager to take more passengers and make a little more money.On the other hand, both drivers don’t show concern for one another.Both of them wanted to run in front of another.Therefore, the accident is inevitable.So far, we should let the drivers keep it in their mind that a little slower, a little safer.Taking care of other’s lives means taking care of your own life.三、演讲致辞型
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a campaign speech in support of your election to the post of chairman of the student union.You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.A Campaign Speech
1.你认为自己具备什么条件(能力，性格，爱好)可以胜任学生会主席工作，2.如果当选你将会为本校同学做什么？
A Campaign Speech
Dear fellow students, It is a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech.To begin with, I am “Huck, a junior from the English Department.As some of you may know, I am the monitor of Class4, Grade 2.As for the position of president of the students’ union, I think there are several things making me feel qualified to take the job.Firstly, I have gained a lot of experience and received wide praise from my classmates for my job as the monitor.Secondly, I am warm-hearted and always ready to help others, quick to react to the needs of my fellow students.Thirdly, I am good at organizing activities and have organized a number of English corners and discussions.Looking into the future, I will try my best to serve my fellow students if I am lucky enough to be the president of the students’ union.On the one hand, I, with my co-workers, will invite more famous professors to give lectures for our students in order that we can learn a lot of knowledge.On the other hand, I will organize more activities for our students to enhance understanding of each other.In addition, I will open more channels for our students to voice opinions and needs.Reaching these goals will require your broad support, and with that I will work to earn it！
Welcome to Our Club
June 23, 2007 The Speech Club is organizing school-wide speech training and contests to be held on each Saturday at the Students’ Recreational Center.Five prestigious experts and professors will be invited to be speech lecturers and contest judges.For each speech contest, the first six winners will be given awards.4 Attending our club has substantial advantages.Firstly, it can improve your ability to deliver a speech which is of utmost significance to your future career and development.Secondly, it can help you to possess self-confidence, enrich your extra curricula activities and make your campus life dimensional, colorful and vigorous.To sum up, the experiences in our club will be extraordinarily unforgettable throughout your life.Students who are interested in taking part in it may sign up with the monitor of their classes before Tuesday next week(June 26).Everybody is welcome to attend our club.Speech Club
四、简介类（说明）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic A Brief Introduction to a Tourist Attraction.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese.1.欢迎词；
2.一天的行程安排；
3.对旅客即将访问的地点进行描述。
A Tour guide
Dear friends, Good morning, ladies and gentleman, welcome to Beijing.To begin with, I would like to introduce myself: I am the tourist guide from China Travel Service and it’s a great honor to stay here with all of you for a whole day.Just as the old saying goes, “It is always a pleasure to greet a friend from afar”，I wish all of you to enjoy yourselves during this trip.The following is schedule of the day.The first spot we are going to visit is the Great Wall, the grandest fortification in ancient China.The next sight to look around is the Ming Tombs, which is one of the best-preserved tombs for 13 emperors in Ming Dynasty more than one thousand years ago.In the afternoon, we will go for the Summer Palace, the royal park for Chinese ancient emperors.Currently we are on the way to the Great Wall.Dating back to the seven century B.C., the Great Wall is constructed by respective states for fortifying against invasion of neighboring states.By the reasons of long history and its length, it becomes one of the eight wonders in the world and represents the highest wisdom and crafts.From the top of the Great Wall, we can enjoy a magnificent view of continuous mountains, green trees and blooming wild flowers.It is no doubt that one says, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man”.Above is my introduction to the Great Wall.Enjoy your day.At your service.Thank you.1．书信讲究称呼、正文、落款三种格式，而告示则包括标题、日期、正文、署名四种格式,演讲则要有称谓。
2.书信一般不写标题，告示必须写在首行正中央写上标题.3.书信一般无需写日期，告示最好写上（如果正文中交代清楚，不写亦可），写在标题右下方，不要空行。
4.告示的正文可写1－3段,告示的正文时态以现在时和将来时为主。
5.书信的落款是个人，但告示的署名可以是个人或单位，针对考题，应写为单位，演讲不需要落款，但要表示感谢。
（三）图表作文
1.What is a chart or a graph?
4.How to write a graph composition in CET 4? 第一段：说明图表
开篇句：As the bar chart shows, ____.扩展句：
1、As early as _____.2、Then _____ years later, ____.3、And arriving in the year ____, ____.第二段：解释图表变化原因
主题句：Several factors contribute to _____._______is attributed to several factors 扩展句：
1、______.(原因1)
2、And ______.(原因2)
3、Furthermore, ______(原因3)
4、All these result in ____.第三段：提出解决办法或其他
结尾句： However, ____ is faced with some problems.扩展句：
1、With _____, ____, the effect of which is not only discouraging, but also challenging.2、So my principle is to pay due attention to ___, but not just to ____.5.Useful vocabulary
上升：increase、rise、ascend、go up、climb、level up
下降: decrease、fall、drop、descend、decline、reduce
平稳:stable , steady, remain/maintain/keep the same as/ be similar to
波动:fluctuate、fluctuation、rise and fall、up and down
占:occupy、take up、account for、gain
而:while、however, whereas、on the other hand、in fact 相比:by contrast、on the contrary、likewise、compared with
最高点:the highest、the top、the summit、the peak、the most
最低点:bottom
平均: average
趋势:tendency、trend、inclination
be inclined to
预见:prediction predict
达到顶峰: mount to
1.程度较大：
Considerably, dramatically, greatly, obviously, quickly Rapidly, sharply, significantly, suddenly, remarkably, tremendously 2.程度较小：
Slightly, gradually, slowly, steadily 3.嵌入时间时所使用的介词和介词词组：
In，from……to……，between…….and……，during……and……，at the start of ……，by the end of ……
over ……，at the end of ……，throughout ……
It can be seen from the statistics that the number/amount of„increased/jumped/rose/decreased/dropped/fell/suddenly/rapidly/dramatically/ sharply/ steadily/ gradually/ slowly/slightly from.数字+年份..to..数字+年份.As is shown in the graph, there was a sudden/rapid/dramatic/significant/sharp/steady/gradual/slow/slight increase/jump/rise/ decrease/drop/fall in the number/amount of...from...to...2002年6月四级英语作文真题
Student Use of Computers.1． 图所示为1990年、1995年、2002年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化；
2． 请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）；
3． 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。
Student Use of Computer As what is shown in the picture, since 1990, there has been tremendous growth in the use of computers by students.While in 1990, the average number of hours a student spent on the computer was about one hour per week, and this number grew to nearly four hours per week by 1995, and to approximately 20 hours per week by the year 2000.This significant growth in the use of computers by students in the 1990’s can be attributed to several factors, including widespread usage, lower prices, and technological and social developments.Nowadays, computers are widely used by students for word processing, book keeping, multimedia presentations, and access to the Internet for both research and communications.Additionally, since 1990, due to competition and technological advances, computer hardware and software prices, as well as Internet usage charges have dropped significantly.Finally, technological developments and changes in social habits in the 1990’s have played a major role in this tremendous growth in the use of computers.Today’s society relies heavily on computers for immediate access to the news and for entertainment, including listening to music, watching movies and sport events, and playing computer games.While computers are of great assistance to the students, and therefore, are indispensable tools, they also pose some challenges.The biggest challenge that many students face is discipline in the use of this powerful device.That is, students need to have the discipline of not allowing themselves to be lured by the entertaining aspects of this wonderful tool—aspects that can result in addiction to computer games or viewing of undesirable material on the Internet.That is to say, students need to use this powerful tool with great wisdom!
四级写作四个应该注意的问题
（一）、卷面整洁，书写清楚，每段开头空两格，一个段落不要过长,段与段之间空一行。
(二）、构思简洁，少犯错误，五大错误不能犯：
1、主谓一致
2、时态
3、单复数
4、单词的拼写
5、搭配
（三）、中心明确，层次分明，每段第一句都是中心句，从提纲变过来，下面加丰富的逻辑表达方式one、two、three…
（四）、考试主要在于语言，而不在于思维, 首先要保证不犯语法和词汇使用上的错误，平时多积累一些习惯表达和一些写作“万能”词汇，在语法准确的前提下尽量使用丰富的词汇，避免过多重复使用某个单词。
Traveling Abroad
From the table, we can see that in the past 10 years, the number of people in a given city who have gone traveling abroad has increased considerably.Especially in the recent 5 years, the figure has been more than tripled, surging from 40,000 to 120,000.Here are several reasons for the change.Firstly, with the development of economy, more and more people become better off.And their ability to finance their trip abroad is growing.Secondly, tourism has greatly developed over the decade.Travel agencies offer not only domestic packages but also travel specials abroad.In addition, individuals today are expected and encouraged to go outside to widen their horizon and to face the real world of globalization.In this way they hope to keep themselves informed of what is going on around the world.From the changes reflected in the table, we can predict that the number of individuals going out of the country will boost.This encouragingly and inevitably facilitates the cultural exchange between ours and the rest of the world and this trend will be irreversible.
第三篇：四级翻译考点分类总结
四级翻译考点归纳
一．虚拟语气的考点可以归纳如下：
1.(should)+动词原形的情形(已考)
2.if或but for等引导的条件句(已考)
3.wish, if only, it is time„的用法(should)+动词原形的情形
1．在动词suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist, require, decide, promise, resolve, argue, maintain, determine, recommend, advise, advocate, persuade等表示“命令”、“建议”、“要求”动词后的宾语从句中。
She insisted that the seats(should)be booked in advance.她坚持要预定座位。
He advised that the doctor(should)be sent for.他劝我们派人请医生。
注：如果上述动词作其他意思解释，或者说话者认为所讲的事是事实，要用陈述语气。
When asked why he declined our invitation, he suggested that he was not on good terms with the director.真题重现
【CET-4:2006.6】The professor required that __________________(我们交研究报告)。
参考答案：we hand in our research report(s)
2．在advice, demand, order, necessity, resolution, decision, proposal, requirement, suggestion, idea, recommendation, request, plan,等名词后的主语从句或表语从句中------上面动词对应的名词
He issued the order that the troops(should)withdraw at once.他命令部队马上撤退。
3．在形容词important, necessary, imperative, natural, urgent, essential, appropriate, desirable, vital, advisable, preferable, incredible以及短语no wonder, a pity等可以构成“It is +形容词（名词）+that”句型中。
It is necessary that some immediate effort(should)be made.必须立即采取行动。
真题重现
【CET-6:2007.6】It is absolutely unfair that these children ______(被剥夺了受教育的权利).参考答案：These children(should)be deprived of the right to receive education.从句的内容非常庞杂，该专题主要讲解在翻译题可能考察的名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句等。
二． 名词性从句
名词从句是指行使名词功能的从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句以及补语从句。
1.主语从句---从句作主语
主语从句主要由that, what, whether, how以及其它词引导，还有就是由代词it作形式主语。
That he survived the accident is a miracle.他在这场事故中幸免于难，真是奇迹。
特别提示：尽管that并没有实际含义，但是他起到引导主语从句的功能，在这里不可或缺。
What he enjoys doing is ignored by society as of no value or importance.他喜欢做的事情被社会所忽视，认为毫无价值，无足轻重。
How he managed to finish the job is of interest to us all.他是如何设法完成这项工作的，我们对此都很感兴趣。
Whether the results will be valuable depends partly on our attitudes towards it.结果是否有价值在部分程度上取决于我们对此的态度。
特别提示：whether引导的主语从句位于句首时，whether不能由if代替。
2.宾语从句---从句作宾语。
The court decisions have ordered that public schools take the necessary steps to provide that education.法院裁决责令公立学校必须采取必要步骤提供这种教育。
I can’t understand why he avoided speaking to me.我不理解他为什么不跟我说话。
真题重现
【CET-4：2007.12】Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life ______(是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的), not how much they can earn.参考答案：is measured by how much they can loan
3.表语从句---从句作表语
The next question we have to decide is when we have to submit the annual report.我们必须决定的下一个问题是，什么时候我们必须呈交报告。
【CET-4：2007.12】In my sixties, one change I notice is that _____(我比以前更容易累了)。
参考答案：I am more likely to get tired than before
同位语从句在句中作同位语，对被修饰名词的内容予以解释说明。特点：抽象名词在前，表达具体内容的从句在后。常见的包括：
agreement, assumption(假设), belief, conclusion, decision, determination, discovery, dream, evidence, explanation, fact, guess, hope, idea, knowledge, likelihood, message, mind, news, notion(观念), opinion, possibility, prediction(预言), proposal, proposition(论点，主张), suggestion, rumor, theory, thought, truth
I have no doubt that he will overcome all his difficulties.他会克服一切困难，对此我并不感到怀疑。
二． 定语从句
定语从句是修饰限定名词或代词的从句。掌握定语从句的关键在于把握引导词，既用来引导定语从句的词。定语从句的内容比较庞杂，希望同学们在复习时多总结和归纳。
真题重现
【CET-4：2007.6】The prevent and treatment of AIDS is ________(我们可以合作的领域).参考答案：a field where(in which)we can cooperate.三． 状语从句
状语从句分为：时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句和比较状语从句。
真题重现
【CET-4：2007.12】 I am going to pursue this course, _________(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲)。
参考答案：no matter what kind of sacrifice I have to make
【CET-4：2006.12】Some psychologists claim that people_________(出门在外时可能会感到孤独)
参考答案：may feel lonely when they are away from home
【CET-6：2007.12】Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, _________.(而动物的行为主要依靠本能)
参考答案：While animal behavior depends mainly on their instinct.三．动词
1．英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式，也可跟动名词作直接宾语，但有些动词要求：
1)下面的动词要求不定式做宾语
attempt企图mean意欲，打算determine决定pretend假装 decide决定hesitate犹豫 hope希望 intend想要 refuse拒绝decide决定等。
真题重现
【CET-4：2007.6】Because of the leg injury, the athlete ________(决定退出比赛).参考答案：decided to quit the match.【CET-6：2007.12】The Foreign Minister said he was resigning, ________.(但他拒绝进一步解释这样做的原因)
参考答案：while he refused to further explain why/while he refused to make further explanation for doing so.2)下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词+宾语+动词不定式
enable使能够ask要求，邀请 allow允许 force强迫 press迫使 inspire鼓舞 request请求 help帮助 invite吸引，邀请encourage鼓励等。
真题重现
【CET-4：2006.12】Specialists in intercultural studies says that it is not easy to ________(适应不同文化中的生活)
参考答案：adapt oneself to life in different cultures.【CET-6：2007.1】After the terrorist attack, tourists _______（被劝告暂时不要去该国旅游）.参考答案：were advised/suggested not to go to that country as their tourism destination for the present.3)有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语
dislike不喜欢，讨厌appreciate 感激，欣赏avoid避免 enjoy享有，喜爱can’t help不禁 escape逃跑，逃避can’t stand受不了 deny否认 mind 介意 finish完成，结束不得 postpone延迟，延期hate讨厌等。
I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.我很感激两年前给我出国学习的机会。
2．非谓语动词中的有关句型
动名词作主语的句型
1)It is + no use, no good(fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore...)等名词+doing sth.It is no good objecting.反对也没有用。It is a great fun playing football．打篮球很有趣。
2)It is + useless(nice, good，interesting, expensive等形容词)+ doing sth．
It is good Playing chess after supper．晚饭后弈棋挺好。
四．强调句: It is/was +被强调部分+that/who„, 对于这个结构，需要注意以下几点：
①强调句型中的系动词除is和was之外，没有其他形式的变化;
②被强调部分如果是人，可以用who, 也可以用that,其他情况用that（常识性知识，一般不能作为考点）。
③在not„until句型里，如果强调由until所引导的时间状语时，not须跟在until之前，即构成It is not until„that结构。
It is because she is too inexperienced that she does not know how to deal with the serious situation.她不知道如何应对这种严重情况是因为她太缺乏经验了。
It is because the water had risen that they could not cross the river.正是因为水涨了，他们没有渡过河去。
注：强调的如果是原因状语从句，只能由because引导，不能由since, as或why引导。
It was not until the second year that he has adapted himself to the college life.直到第二年他才适应了大学生活。
真题重现
【CET-6：2007.1】 ______________(直到截止日他才寄出)his application form.参考答案：It was not until the deadline that he sent(out)五．倒装
1．当“only+状语”位于句首表示强调时用倒装，如不在句首或虽在句首但不修辞状语时用正常语序。
Only when you have obtained sufficient data can you come to a sound conclusion.只有当你获得足够的数据时，你才能得出正确的结论。
Only in this way can we catch up with the world’s advanced levels in science and technology.只有这样我们才能赶上世界的先进科学技术水平。
其他如：only then, only once, only in AmericaChina, only after the accident等。
真题重现
【CET-6：2007.6】Only in the small town_________.(他才感到安全和放松)
参考答案：does she feel secure and relaxed
2．never等具有否定意义的词或词组居于句首时用倒装。
这类词或词组常用的有：never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, not until, by no means, under no circumstances, under no condition, in no way(决不), in no case(决不), neither „(nor), no sooner„(than), hardly„(when), barely(仅仅，几乎不), on no account, in no circumstances(决不), not a bit, nowhere, not only„but also等。
Not only was Churchill a statesman, but also a poet.丘吉尔不仅是一位政治家，还是一位诗人。
Never in all my life have I heard such nonsense.我从未听到过这种胡说！
真题重现
【CET-6：2007.12】 The witness was told that under no circumstances_____________.(他都不应该对法庭说谎)
参考答案：should he lie to the court.【CET-6：2007.1】 ______________(直到截止日他才寄出)his application form.参考答案Not until the deadline did he send(out)
3．the more…, the more结构中的倒装。
【CET-4：2006.6】90.The more you explain, _________________(我愈糊涂).参考答案：the more confused I am
第四篇：英语四级作文话题分类篇-辩论性话题
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洛基英语，中
国
在线
英
语
教
育
领
导
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牌
文章的体裁是多种多样的，有记叙文、描写文、说明文、议论文、应用文等。应用又包括日记、书信、申请书、感谢信、请柬、通知、电函等。
在历年四级考试作文话题中，关于辩论性的话题出现了13次，由下图可以看出，这类话题占历年四级作文的比重是最大的。
再来看一下历年13个辩论话题
Is Failure a Bad Thing?
Positive and Negative Aspects of Sport.Can Money Buy Happiness?
Advantage of a Job Interview.Practice Makes Perfect.Do “Lucky Numbers” Really Bring Good Luck?
Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?
Students' Use of Computers.Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?
CCTV Spring Festival
Recreational Activities
Free Admission to museums
Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will.这类话题都是很容易引起大家关注的话题，并且是跟随着时代的潮流而来的话题。如果给你一个话题，你会怎样展开呢?既然给你这样一个话题，那就证明在人们心中，这个话题有很大的争议性，你必然会有一个关于这个话题的态度，支持或反对。对这种作文，我们可以从以下几方面着手：
1.Describe the current situation about the topic.综述大家对此话题的不同态度。
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2.Tell us the disadvantage and advantage or active and negative aspects about the topic.对此话题的利弊进行深入的分析。
3.Make a conclusion.总结。
Don't forget to express your attitude about the topic.别忘记把自己对于这个话题的态度表达出来，反对或赞成，你总会有一个态度吧!
童鞋们千万不能做出一些不同于常人的言论，这是考试，是要本着积极向上的态度来发表自己的意见的。下面给出大家一些话题，有空的话可以自己练习一下哦。
话题
个人的命运是由个人掌握
网络经济是泡沫经济
高校产业化利大于弊
人和自然可以和谐相处
企业用人才为先
在校大学生创业利大于弊
发掘人才需要考试
民族技艺应该保密
理想人才以仁为主
网络对大学生的影响利大于弊
金钱的追求与道德可以并行
杜绝盗版，消费者扮演比政府更重要的角色
个性需要刻意追求
宽松式管理对大学生利大于弊
留学归国是个人问题不是社会问题
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通俗文学比文学名著影响大
网络的娱乐性比实用性强
网络的发展对文学弊大于利
外来文明对中国文明利大于弊
青年成才的关键是自身能力
环境保护应该以人为本
企业发展需要无私奉献精神
成大事者不拘小节
审判时参考判例在我国利大于弊
杜绝盗版，政府比消费者扮演更重要的角色
送子女进名校，利大于弊
避免人才外流，是政府的责任
爱的教育比体罚更有效
合作比竞争，更能使文明进步
天灾比人祸更可怕
重奖大学新生利大于弊
以暴制暴是打击恐怖主义最有效的途径
文化建设应先于经济发展
大学私营化的利大于弊
强权胜于公理
新闻价值比新闻道德重要
劳心者比劳力者对社会更有贡献 在线学英语 体验请申请：
银行合并对国家未来经济发展利大于弊
教育应注重人格培训多于知识培训
博彩事业的兴旺是社会进步繁荣的象征
道义比利益对人际关系的影响更大
新闻自由是社会改革的最大动力
远亲不如近邻
乱世应用重典
人的功利色彩增强是社会进步的体现
文才比口才更重要
同性恋是个人问题，不是社会问题
仁者无敌
电子商务将会改变现有营销模式
大学生谈恋爱利大于弊
实体法比程序法更重要
克隆人有利于人类发展
类似川剧变脸这样的民族技艺应当保密
名人拍商业广告可以虚构
代沟的主要责任在父母
社会安定主要靠法律维持
美丽是福不是祸
钱是万恶之源
网络的实用性比娱乐性大 在线学英语 体验请申请：
情在理先
用和平手段可以遏止恐怖主义
善心是真善
个性需要刻意追求
保护弱者是社会的倒退
传播中国酒文化应靠酒乡
市场经济条件下财政需要向企业输血
辩论赛新形式利大于弊
不破不立
“盗版”折价换购“正版”活动利大于弊
艾滋病是医学问题，不是社会问题
在校大学生积累知识更重要
实现男女平等主要应该依靠男性的努力
在人生路上乘胜追击好
强将手下无弱兵
当今世界合作高于竞争
管理比收费重要
人类应加强对海洋资源的开发
功可以补过
广告竞争对经济发展利大于弊
纪律会促进个性的发展
机遇是成功的关键 在线学英语 体验请申请：
革新技术更重要
高分是高能的体现
法治能消除腐败
法律无情
发展旅游业利多于弊
对于西部开发应当知识优先
读大学，长进最大的应该是知识
电视征婚利大于弊
地方保护主义可以克服
当今时代，应当提倡“干一行，爱一行”
当代社会，“求博“更有利于个人发展
代沟的主要责任在父母
大学生勤工俭学弊大于利
大学生就业实行“双项选择”利大于弊
大学生广泛社交利大于弊
大学生打工利大于弊
大学教育应以市场为导向
挫折有利于成才
实体法比程序法更重要
知足常乐
应对女性就业实行保护
应当允许名人免试就读名牌大学 在线学英语 体验请申请：
经济发展应该以教育发展为前提
金钱追求与道德追求可以统一
经济发展可以避免自然环境恶化
经济发展水平的高低能代表文明程度的高低
克隆人有利于人类发展
类似川剧变脸这样的民族技艺应当保密
理想人才以“仁”为主
流动人口的增加有利于城市的发展
留学生归国是个人问题，不是社会问题
名人拍商业广告可以虚构
目前的彩票发行方式利大于弊
男女平等是可能实现的女性比男性更需要关怀
逆境有利人才成长
评价行为善恶的标准是效果，不是动机
人类和平共处是一个可能实现的理想
人类社会应重义轻利
人类是环境的保护者
人为自己活着快乐
人性本善
儒家思想可以抵御西方歪风
社会发展应重利轻义 在线学英语 体验请申请：
社会发展主要靠法制
个人需要对于大学生择业更重要
社会秩序的维系主要靠法律
社会主义市场经济能避免拜金主义
生态危机可能毁灭人类
实行学分制利大于弊
市场经济有利于道德发展
提倡购买国货有利于经济发展
外来文化对民族文化的发展利大于弊
外行能够管好内行
网络爱情是真正的爱情
网络对大学生的的影响利大于弊
温饱是谈道德的必要条件
文凭能够代表知识水平
现代社会女人更需要关怀
效率必然牺牲平等
哭比笑难
信息高速公路对发展中国家有利
选美活动利大于弊
烟草业对社会利大于弊
一所学校的社会地位如何关键在领导
医学的发展应有伦理界限 在线学英语 体验请申请：
应当鼓励“新新人类”作家
时势造英雄
愚公应该移山
去向哪里比与谁同行更重要
在人生的道路上，机遇更重要
在校大学生创业利大于弊
知难行易
治愚比治贫更重要
中国发展网络经济应走洋为中用
中国社会更需要德治
中小学封闭式管理有利于学生成才
中庸之道应该提倡
全才更适应社会竞争
“成千上万人疯狂下载。。。
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第五篇：2012年英语四级分类话题作文：日常生活类
2012年英语四级分类话题作文：日常生活类
第一类：日常生活
历年四级作文话题中，有4篇为日常生活类。
The Tape Recorder
Changes in People's Diet
The World Is Getting Smaller and Smaller
My Most Favorite Programme
这些话题都是关于我们日常生活中的变化，尤其是物质上的变化。有的甚至伴有图表，让大家看图写作文。
我们先来看一篇范文：
From the chart we can see that during the past five years there have been great changes in people‘s diet.The greatest change occurs in grain consumption, which has dropped 4% from 49% in 1986 to 45% in 1990 in total food consumption.The second greatest change is in milk consumption, which increased from 10% in 1986 to 13% in 1990.But on the other hand, two trends can be observed in the consumption of meat and fruit and vegetables.From 1986 to 1989, meat consumption increased from 17% to 23% while that of fruit and vegetables dropped from 24% to 20%.From 1989 to 1990, meat consumption dropped a little to 21%, while that of fruit and vegetables increased a little to 21%.What has caused the great changes in people‘s diet? The main reason, I think, lies in the improvement in people‘s income level.With the development of our society, people are becoming richer and richer, which enables them to purchase more nutritious food such as meat and milk.In the meantime, grain consumption in people‘s diet consequently dropped.So from the analysis, we can draw a conclusion that our society is progressing and people are living a better life than ever before.We are now able to purchase more delicious and nutritious food, resulting in an improvement in our health.从范文中我们可以对这类话题有个大概了解。日常生活类文章一般可以写成描述性文章。如果有图表，那么我们一般需要准备的工作有一下几方面：
1.审题
在看到这篇作文要求的时候，不要盲目的下笔，而是仔细揣摩一下题目想让我们表达哪方面的意思，也就是侧重点。拿上面的范文来说，侧重点就是人们生活水平提高了，国家富强了。那么我们写作的中心就要围绕着这个侧重点而来。
2.构思
在写之前，心里要有一个谱-我要写几段？每段描写什么？有什么主题句？这三个问题也是写其他类型作文的基本步骤。因为考试时间只有30分钟，所以不允 许我们浪费一分一秒。有的考生就是因为没构思好，写到一半想要重新来写，结果时间不够，而且卷面很乱，心里最后慌为一团。
3.亮点
一篇作文贵在有亮点，吸引人。四级作文评分时，阅卷老师分配给每篇作文的时间很短。那么我们就要考虑如何来用自己的亮点赢得阅卷老师的好评。这是一个 小小的捷径。我们可以看一下上面的范文：三段中都围绕着饮食水平展开。从一个方面扩大到大方向：社会在进步，人民生活水平在提高。其中第二段的第一句话也 就是本段的主题句（What has caused the great changes in people‘s diet? The main reason, I think, lies in the improvement in people‘s income level.），用问答方式来写，与众不同，会给阅卷老师极深印象。
框架有了，但里面得需要我们填充内容，才能让整篇作文读起来有质感。句式，单词，复杂句等要配合好。有的同学平时背了很多好句子，考试时一股脑都搬到作文中，但有的句子不一定适合本篇主题。
说了这么多，现在我们以：Changes in Mass Media 为题来练习一下。
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