2012年8月11日雅思阅读考题回顾★

第一篇：2012年8月11日雅思阅读考题回顾

2012年8月11日雅思阅读考题回顾

来源：朗阁培训中心

编辑：xm 发布日期:2012-08-20 摘要：厦门朗阁培训中心为烤鸭们整理了8月11日雅思阅读真题回顾以及备考建议。

考试日期：

2012年8月11日

Reading Passage 1

Title:

El Niño Phenomenon厄尔尼诺

Question types:

TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN

Summary 填空

文章内容回顾

关于厄尔尼诺现象的介绍以及它产生的影响

英文原文阅读

The term El Niño—Spanish for “the Christ Child”—was originally used by fishermen to refer to the Pacific Ocean warm currents near the coasts of Peru and Ecuador that appeared periodically around Christmas time and lasted for a few months.Due to those currents, fish were much less abundant than usual.At the present time we use the same name for the large-scale warming of surface waters of the Pacific Ocean every 3-6 years, which usually lasts for 9-12 months, but may continue for up to 18 months, and dramatically affects the weather worldwide.El Niño events happen irregularly.Their strength is estimated in surface atmospheric pressure anomalies and anomalies of land and sea surface temperatures.The El Niño phenomenon dramatically affects the weather in many parts of the world.It is therefore important to predict its appearance.Various climate models, seasonal forecasting models, ocean-atmosphere coupled models, and statistical models attempt to predict El Niño as a part of interannual climate variability.Predicting El Niño has been possible only since the 1980s, when the power of computers became sufficient to cover very complicated large-scale ocean-atmosphere interactions.El Niño's Impact

The strongest El Niño events of the 20th century occurred in 1982-'83 and in1997-'98.The effects of 1982-'83 included significant storms throughout the southwest United States and one of Australia's worst droughts of the century.According to the World Meteorological Organization, the 1997-'98 El Niño was a major factor in 1997s record high temperatures.The estimated average surface temperature for land and sea worldwide was0.8°Fhigher than the 1961-1990 average of61.7°F.According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA), 1998 has set all-time highs of global land and ocean surface temperatures, above record high levels in 1997.In 1998 the mean temperature was1.2°F(0.7°C)above the long-term(since 1880)mean of56.9°F(13.8°C).The impact of the 1997/8 El Niño has been felt in many parts of the world: Droughts have occurred in the Western Pacific Islands and Indonesia as well as in Mexico and Central America.In Indonesia drought caused uncontrollable forest fires and floods, while warm weather led to a bad fisheries season in Peru, and extreme rainfall and mud slides in southern California.Corals in the Pacific Ocean were bleached by warmer than average water, and shipping through the Panama Canal was restricted by below-average rainfall.El Niño phenomena dramatically affect the weather throughout the world.Among other weather anomalies, El Niño events are responsible for:

A shift of thunderstorm activity eastward from Indonesia to the south Pacific, which leads to abnormally dry conditions and severe droughts during both warm and cold seasons in Australia, the Philippines, Indonesia, southeastern Africa and Brazil.During the summer season the Indian monsoon is less intensive than normal and therefore it is much less rainy than usual in India.Much wetter conditions at the west coast of tropical South America.El Niño impacts on the United States, North America and the Atlantic regions include: Wetter than the normal conditions in tropical latitudes of North America, from Texas to Florida, including more intensive wintertime storms.Extreme rainfall and flooding events in California, Oregon and Washington.Much milder winters and late autumns in northwestern Canada and Alaska due to pumping of abnormally warm air by mid-latitude low pressure systems.Below normal hurricane/tropical cyclone activity in the Atlantic(however, their strength is not limited by El Niño).Drier than normal North American monsoons, especially for Mexico, Arizona and New Mexico.Drier than normal autumns and winters in the U.S.Pacific Northwest.Summary El Niño is a warm phase of the interannual climate oscillation called El Niño Southern Oscillation(ENSO)event, an example of large-scale ocean-atmosphere interaction, and is characterized by large-scale warming of the surface tropical Pacific Ocean.El Niño events occur every 3-6 years, last 9-12 months, sometimes even up to 18 months, and have a big impact on world weather.The major impacts of El Niño are temperature anomalies, changes in precipitation variability, floods and droughts throughout the world.El Niño events happen irregularly and are hard to predict.However many numerical climate models predicted the last few El Niño events successfully.El Niño forecasting is becoming more and more reliable with our improving knowledge of the phenomenon's nature, with the help of more and more powerful computers, and with the operational El Niño Southern Oscillation observation system.El Niño forecasting is especially important for tropical countries where El Niño impacts are the strongest.题型难度分析

据考生回忆，第一篇较简单。一种是填空类的题型，另一种是考生易拿分的经典题型判断题。

题型技巧分析

是非无判断题是雅思考试阅读的经典题型，虽然今年的题量相对减少，但是仍是复习备考时应关注的题型。

首先应该注意看清是TRUE还是YES, 本篇是TRUE/ FALSE/ NOT GIVEN

解题步骤：

1.速读问题的句子，找出考点词（容易有问题的部分）。考点词：比较级，最高级，数据（时间），程度副词，特殊形容词，绝对化的词（only, most, each, any, every, the same as等）。

2.排除考点词，在余下的词中找定位词，去原文定位。

3.重点考察考点词是否有提及，是否正确。

TRUE的原则是同义替换，至少有一组近义词。

FALSE是题目和原文截然相反，不可共存，通常有至少一组反义词。

NOT GIVEN原文未提及，不做任何推断，尤其多考察题目的主语等名词在原文是否有提及。

Summary题，有顺序原则。

先关注instruction字数限制

其次，定位summary在原文的始末位置，summary开头和结尾分别找keywords定位到原文。

根据空格前后信息，预测空格上的单词（单复数，可数与否，词性，-ing,-ed, 固定搭配等）

在空格附近找定位词（专有名词，数字，句子主语，表示方位的介词，表时间的词，不认识的可数名词）

剑桥雅思推荐原文练习

剑4 Test1 Passage 1

剑5 Test3 Passage 1

Reading Passage 2

Title:

汽车的发展史

Question types:

Matching, 不同车型的信息

简答题（6-7个）

文章内容回顾

这篇是讲汽车的发展历史，介绍了不同的车型。

英文原文阅读

HISTORY OF CARS

The History of the Car has been a long and challenging one.In1678 asmall steam car was shown off that had been made for the Chinese emperor.It was the founding of the early history of the car.By 1769, Nicholas Cugnot was demonstrating an Automobile in France.By 1801, Richard Trevithick was demonstrating a steam-carriage in Britain.The Car continued its development in Britain until a law governing the use of cars basically stopped development for the rest of that century in Britain.In 1789, Oliver Evans was granted the first automobile patent in the United States.The first automobiles that had gasoline powered internal combustion engines were developed in Germany by several different inventors around the same time about 1885.By 1895, the disc brake was patented by Frederick William Lanchester of Britain.In 1889, Panhard et Levassor in France became the first company to form to build just automobiles.Steam, electricity, and gasoline-powered autos competed for the market share.The car was becoming big business in history.From 1908 to 1927, the Ford Model T became the most widely produced car of its time.The vintage era of Car History lasted from 1919 to 1929 and was dominated by front engine cars.The pre-war era of car history lasted from 1930 to 1948.This ear was perhaps dominated by the Volkswagen Beetle.The Post-War era of Car History was the greatest period of Car Development.Although Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot is often credited with building the first self-propelled mechanical vehicle or automobile in about 1769, this claim is disputed by some, who doubt Cugnot's three-wheeler ever ran, while others claim Ferdinand Verbiest, a member of a Jesuit mission in China, built the first steam powered car around 1672.In either case Fran is Isaac de Rivaz, a Swiss inventor, designed the first internal combustion engine which was fuelled by a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen and used it to develop the world's first vehicle to run on such an engine.The design was not very successful, as was the case with Samuel Brown, Samuel Morey, and Etienne Lenoir who each produced vehicles powered by clumsy internal combustion engines.In November 1881 French inventor Gustave Trouv demonstrated a working three-wheeled automobile.This was at the International Exhibition of Electricity in Paris.An automobile powered by an Otto gasoline engine was built in Mannheim, Germany by Karl Benz in 1885 and granted a patent in January of the following year under the auspices of his major company, Benz & Cie.which was founded in 1883.Although several other German engineers(including Gottlieb Daimler, Wilhelm Maybach, and Siegfried Marcus)were working on the problem at about the same time, Karl Benz is generally acknowledged as the inventor of the modern automobile.In 1879 Benz was granted a patent for his first engine, designed in 1878.Many of his other inventions made the use of the internal combustion engine feasible for powering a vehicle and in 1896, Benz designed and patented the first internal combustion flat engine.Approximately 25 Benz vehicles were built and sold before 1893, when his first four-wheeler was introduced.They were powered with four-stroke engines of his own design.Emile Roger of France, already producing Benz engines under license, now added the Benz automobile to his line of products.Because France was more open to the early automobiles, more were built and sold in France through Roger than Benz sold in Germany.Daimler and Maybach founded Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft(Daimler Motor Company, DMG)in Cannstatt in 1890 and under the brand name, Daimler, sold their first automobile in 1892.By 1895 about 30 vehicles had been built by Daimler and Maybach, either at the Daimler works or in the Hotel Hermann, where they set up shop after falling out with their backers.Benz and Daimler seem to have been unaware of each other's early work and worked independently.Daimler died in 1900 and later that year, Maybach designed a model named Daimler-Mercedes, special-ordered by Emil Jellinek.Two years later, a new model DMG automobile was produced and named Mercedes after the engine.Maybach quit DMG shortly thereafter and opened a business of his own.Rights to the Daimler brand name were sold to other manufacturers.Karl Benz proposed co-operation between DMG and Benz & Cie.when economic conditions began to deteriorate in Germany following the First World War, but the directors of DMG refused to consider it initially.Negotiations between the two companies resumed several years later and in 1924 they signed an Agreement of Mutual Interest valid until the year 2000.Both enterprises standardized design, production, purchasing, sales, and advertising marketing their automobile models jointly although keeping their respective brands.On June 28, 1926, Benz & Cie.and DMG finally merged as the Daimler-Benz company, baptizing all of its automobiles Mercedes Benz honoring the most important model of the DMG automobiles, the Maybach design later referred to as the 1902 Mercedes-35hp, along with the Benz name.Karl Benz remained a member of the board of directors of Daimler-Benz until his death in 1929.In 1890, Emile Levassor and Armand Peugeot of France began producing vehicles with Daimler engines, and so laid the foundation of the motor industry in France.The first American car with a gasoline internal combustion engine supposedly was designed in 1877 by George Selden of Rochester, New York, who applied for a patent on an automobile in 1879.In Britain there had been several attempts to build steam cars with varying degrees of success with Thomas Rickett even attempting a production run in 1860.Santler from Malvern is recognized by the Veteran Car Club of Great Britain as having made the first petrol-powered car in the country in 1894 followed by Frederick William Lanchester in 1895 but these were both one-offs.The first production vehicles came from the Daimler Motor Company, founded by Harry J.Lawson in 1896, and making their first cars in 1897.In 1892, German engineer Rudolf Diesel got a patent for a “New Rational Combustion Engine”.In 1897 he built the first Diesel Engine.In 1895, Selden was granted a United States patent(U.S.Patent 549,160)for a two-stroke automobile engine, which hindered more than encouraged development of autos in the United States.Steam, electric, and gasoline powered autos competed for decades, with gasoline internal combustion engines achieving dominance in the 1910s.Although various pistonless rotary engine designs have attempted to compete with the conventional piston and crankshaft design, only Mazda's version of the Wankel engine has had more than very limited success.Production of the Car: The large-scale, production-line manufacturing of affordable automobiles was debuted by Ransom Olds at his Oldsmobile factory in 1902.This concept was then greatly expanded by Henry Ford, beginning in 1914.As a result, Ford's cars came off the line in fifteen minute intervals, much faster than previous methods, increasing production by seven to one(requiring 12.5 man-hours before, 1 hour 33 minutes after), while using less manpower.It was so successful, paint became a bottleneck.Only Japan black would dry fast enough, forcing the company to drop the variety of colors available before 1914, until fast-drying Duco lacquer was developed in 1926.In 1914, an assembly line worker could buy a Model T with four months' pay.Ford's complex safety procedures, especially assigning each worker to a specific location instead of allowing them to roam about dramatically reduced the rate of injury.The combination of high wages and high efficiency is called “Fordism,” and was copied by most major industries.The efficiency gains from the assembly line also coincided with the take off of the United States.The assembly line forced workers to work at a certain pace with very repetitive motions which led to more output per worker while other countries were using less productive methods.In the automotive industry, its success was dominating, and quickly spread worldwide.Ford France and Ford Britain in 1911, Ford Denmark 1923, Ford Germany 1925;in 1921, Citroen was the first native European manufacturer to adopt it.Soon, companies had to have assembly lines, or risk going broke;by 1930, 250 companies which did not had disappeared.Development of automotive technology was rapid, due in part to the hundreds of small manufacturers competing to gain the world's attention.Key developments included electric ignition and the electric self-starter(both by Charles Kettering, for the Cadillac Motor Company in 1910-1911), independent suspension, and four-wheel brakes.Since the 1920s, nearly all cars have been mass-produced to meet market needs, so marketing plans have often heavily influenced automobile design.It was Alfred P.Sloan who established the idea of different makes of cars produced by one company, so buyers could “move up” as their fortunes improved.Reflecting the rapid pace of change, makes shared parts with one another so larger production volume resulted in lower costs for each price range.For example, in the 1930s, LaSalles, sold by Cadillac, used cheaper mechanical parts made by Oldsmobile;in the 1950s, Chevrolet shared hood, doors, roof, and windows with Pontiac;by the 1990s, corporate drivetrains and shared platforms(with interchangeable brakes, suspension, and other parts)were common.Even so, only major makers could afford high costs, and even companies with decades of production, such as Apperson, Cole, Dorris, Haynes, or Premier, could not manage: of some two hundred carmakers in existence in 1920, only 43 survived in 1930, and with the Great Depression, by 1940, only 17 of those were left.In Europe, much the same would happen.Morris set up its production line at Cowley in 1924, and soon outsold Ford, while beginning in 1923 to follow Ford's practise of vertical integration, buying Hotchkiss(engines), Wrigley(gearboxes), and Osberton(radiators), for instance, as well as competitors, such as Wolseley: in 1925, Morris had 41% of total British car production.Most British small-car assemblers, from Autocrat to Meteorite to Seabrook, to name only three, had gone under.Citroen did the same in France, coming to cars in 1919;between them and the cheap cars in reply, Renault's 10CV and Peugeot's 5CV, they produced 550000 cars in 1925, and Mors, Hurtu, and others could not compete.Germany's first mass-manufactured car, the Opel 4PS Laubfrosch(Tree Frog), came off the line at Russelsheim in 1924, soon making Opel the top car builder in Germany, with 37.5% of the market.Diesel: Diesel engined cars have long been popular in Europe with the first models being introduced in the 1930s by Mercedes Benz and Citroen.The main benefit of Diesels is a 50% fuel burn efficiency compared with 27% in the best gasoline engines.A down side of the diesel is the presence in the exhaust gases of fine soot particulates and manufacturers are now starting to fit filters to remove these.Many diesel powered cars can also run with little or no modifications on 100% biodiesel.Gasoline: Gasoline engines have the advantage over diesel in being lighter and able to work at higher rotational speeds and they are the usual choice for fitting in high performance sports cars.Continuous development of gasoline engines for over a hundred years has produced improvements in efficiency and reduced pollution.The carburetor was used on nearly all road car engines until the 1980s but it was long realised better control of the fuel/air mixture could be achieved with fuel injection.Indirect fuel injection was first used in aircraft engines from 1909, in racing car engines from the 1930s, and road cars from the late 1950s.Gasoline Direct Injection(GDI)is now starting to appear in production vehicles such as the 2007 BMW MINI.Exhaust gases are also cleaned up by fitting a catalytic converter into the exhaust system.Clean air legislation in many of the car industries most important markets has made both catalysts and fuel injection virtually universal fittings.Most modern gasoline engines are also capable of running with up to 15% ethanol mixed into the gasolineto increase octane, to improve emissions and as an alternative to petroleum based fuel, since they can be made from agricultural crops.Brazil's ethanol program provides about 20% of the nations automotive fuel needs, including several million cars that operate on pure ethanol.Electric Car：

The first electric cars were built around 1832 well before internal combustion powered cars appeared.For a period of time electrics were considered superior due to the silent nature of electric motors compared to the very loud noise of the gasoline engine.This advantage was removed with Hiram Percy Maxim's invention of the muffler in 1897.Thereafter internal combustion powered cars had two critical advantages: 1)long range and 2)high specific energy(far lower weight of petrol fuel versus weight of batteries).The building of battery electric vehicles that could rival internal combustion models had to wait for the introduction of modern semiconductor controls and improved batteries.Because they can deliver a high torque at low revolutions electric cars do not require such a complex drive train and transmission as internal combustion powered cars.Some post-2000 electric car designs such as the Venturi Fish are able to accelerate from 0-60 mph(96 km/h)in 4.0 seconds with a top speed around130 mph(210 km/h).Others have a range of 250 miles(400 km)on the EPA highway cycle requiring 3-1/2 hours to completely charge.Steam car： Steam power, usually using an oil or gas heated boiler, was also in use until the 1930s but had the major disadvantage of being unable to power the car until boiler pressure was available.It has the advantage of being able to produce very low emissions as the combustion process can be carefully controlled.Its disadvantages include poor heat efficiency and extensive requirements for electric auxiliaries.题型难度分析

难度一般，内容好理解，题型也不是很难，第一种题型是一方是特殊定位词的配对，在文中相对好定位，第二种题型是简答题，不是特别难，但数量较多，有6-7个。

题型技巧分析

配对类题型是雅思阅读的一个特色题型之一。其难度相对较大，对考生能力要求相对较高。在目前的雅思考试当中，配对题已经占了非常大的比重，考生在复习的时候必须非常重视。配对类题型有很多种，常见的种类有：1.人名-观点配对；2.地名-描述配对；3.句子-句子配对；4.分类题(Classification)；5.段落-标题配对；6.段落-细节配对。其中前四种做题方法比较类似，而后两种相对较复杂。

前四种配对题的出题特点：

I.所考内容全部为细节，和后两种题型考察主旨不一样，前四种题型主要考察的是考生对于文章细节的把握和理解。因此，这些题型的解题方法主要是先用Scan的方法定位出关键的段落。

II.出题不一定遵循顺序原则，在对剑桥雅思真题集进行研究后发现，上述四种配对题型中，除了句子配对题肯定按照顺序原则出题之外，其它的题型有些是讲顺序原则的，有些则不讲。大体上说来，如果一道题目的定位词很明确，很容易在原文中找到信息，那么该题就讲顺序原则；反之亦然。

III.个别题目会有NB出现。在部分题目的指令中，会有这么一行字：NB You may use any letter more than once.这就意味着在选项中，有至少一个选项可以重复选。但是根据真题的出题思路和考生的实考回忆，一般认为如果出现NB, 很有可能是有且仅有一个选项重复使用一次，个别情况会出现两个选项使用两次；而从来没有三个选项使用两次或两个选项使用三次。

对于一方是特殊定位词的配对题，在做题时，首先应先在文章中将特殊定位词—人名，地名，时间在文中划出，做出标记。其次将配对另一方通读，划出关键的词汇，一般以名词为主。然后去文中对已做出标记的部分进行精读，选出答案。

剑桥雅思推荐原文练习

剑3 Test4 Passage 1

Reading Passage 3

Title:

Amusia 失乐症

Question types:

单选题

Yes/No/Not Given

Matching(sentence completion)

文章内容回顾

讲一种对音乐有先天疾病的人群，分析了这种人的典型特征。整篇文章在寻找Amusia产生的原因，各种人的各种实验，科学家还只是在猜测。

英文原文阅读

Amusia is a musical disorder that appears mainly as a defect in processing pitch, but it also encompasses musical memory and recognition.Two main classifications of amusia exist: acquired amusia, which occurs as a result of brain damage, and congenital amusia, which results from a music processing anomaly at birth.Studies have shown that congenital amusia is a deficit in fine-grained pitch discrimination and that 4% of the population suffers from this disorder.Acquired amusia, on the other hand, may take several forms.Patients with brain damage may experience the loss of ability to produce musical sounds while sparing speech, much like aphasics lose speech selectively but can sometimes still sing.Other forms of amusia may affect specific sub-processes of music processing.Current research has demonstrated between rhythm, melody and emotional processing of music, and amusia may include impairment Symptoms

Symptoms of amusia are generally categorized as receptive, clinical, or mixed.Symptoms of receptive amusia, sometimes referred to as “musical deafness”, include the inability to recognize familiar melodies, the loss of ability to read musical notation, and the inability to detect wrong or out-of tune notes.Clinical, or expressive, symptoms include the loss of ability to sing, write musical notation, and/or play an instrument.A mixed disorder would be a combination of expressive and receptive impairment.Clinical symptoms of acquired amusia are much more variable than those of congenital amusia and are determined by the location and nature of the lesion.Brain injuries may afflict motor or expressive functioning, including the ability to sing, whistle, or hum a tune(oral-expressive amusia), the ability to play an instrument(instrumental amusia or musical apraxia), and the ability to write music(musical agraphia).Additionally, brain damage to the receptive dimension affects the faculty to discriminate tunes(receptive or sensorial amusia), the ability to read music(musical alessia), and the ability to identify songs that were familiar prior to the brain damage(amnesic amusia).Research suggests that patients with amusia also have difficulty when it comes to spatial processing.Amusics performed more quickly than normal individuals on a combined task of both spatial and musical processing tasks, which is most likely due to their deficit.Normal individuals experience interference due to their intact processing of both musical and spatial tasks, while amusics do not.Pitch processing normally depends on the cognitive mechanisms that are usually used to process spatial representations.Those with congenital amusia show impaired performance on discrimination, identification and imitation of sentences with intonational differences in pitch direction in their final word.This suggests that amusia can in subtle ways impair language processing.题型难度分析

这篇文章较难懂，出现了很多关于大脑器官的词汇，进行了很多实验。题型中的第三个句子完成配对较难，难定位，同义转换较多。

题型技巧分析

选择题的做题步骤：

一、阅读指令(Instruction)

这一步骤主要是针对多项选择而言的。单项选择题的指令没有任何作用，可以忽略不看。而在多项选择题中，指令中会提示正确选项的数量。在誊写答题卡的时候，一定要注意多项选择题的题号，一个正确选项占用一个题号。这一点对于初次接触雅思的考生来说要特别引起注意。

二、阅读题干，划出定位词

由于选择题考察细节的特点，故题干中的词往往能够提供定位。

三、阅读选项，划出核心词

在寻找正确答案之前，一定要事先通读选项，因为选项提供了对原文正确或者是错误的同义转换。但是由于选项较长，不可能一次性全部记住，所以有必要把选项里的核心词划出来，这样可以减轻记忆负担，并且更加有针对性地做题。

四、找到相关句子段落，摆脱干扰找到答案

这是做题的最后一个步骤，也是最重要的步骤。由于选择项的干扰性往往很强，所以对找到的相关句子或段落一定要仔细阅读，排除错误选项。甄别干扰项这一步骤是考生解题的关键，很多考生往往对几个选项犹豫不决，经常跳进题目的陷阱。一般说来，干扰项有如下几个类别：

1、数字陷阱

选择题的特点便是选项进行深度的同义转换。但是如果个别选项中出现了数字，往往意味着这个数字直接来源于文章，没有进行任何同义替换。这种干扰选项对于根本读不懂原文的考生有着致命的诱惑力，因为只有数字是熟悉的，其它的单词都读不懂。数字选项中，数字在文章中都有提及，但经常是通过移花接木的形式出现的，以干扰考生的注意力。

2、相似陷阱

同理，如果题目中出现的个别单词与原文中的用词一模一样，尤其是一些经常被同义替换掉的动词、形容词等，这个选项往往就是干扰选项。

3、偷换概念陷阱

有时候选项中虽然与文中有对应的词，但选项中偷换了关键性的成分（如谓语部分），使得答案错误。

4、搭配不当陷阱

这是最具有诱惑性的选项。这种选项的特点是：选项本身是正确的，但是跟题干却不能形成搭配关系。很多考生看到选项和原文内容相似，甚至还有同义转换，便毫不犹豫地选择了这样的干扰项。

剑桥雅思推荐原文练习

剑8 Test1 Passage 3

考试趋势分析和备考指导：

从这次考试的题型来看，配对题仍旧是较多的题型，这次出现了一方是特殊定位词的配对和句子配对，尤其后者较难，不易定位，同时又有较多同义转换，因此这类型题极其考验考生的耐心和细心，以及语言功底。这类题在剑6-8都是相对较多的题型，建议考生好好练习，总结常见的同义转换词。除了配对外，经典题型判断同样有，而且有两篇文章出现了。其次是填空题。因此考生在后半年复习阅读时仍就是以判断，配对，选择为主，其他题型也要相应练习。

从内容话题来看，不是特别难，相对难的是第三篇文章，由于在文章中出现了较多的实验以及考生不太熟悉的词汇，这类型文章在剑4-剑8中每册都会出现1-2篇，建议考生可以在做过题之后当做泛读材料对文章进行熟悉。

厦门阁朗官网：http://xiamen.longre.com/ 厦门朗阁微博：http://e.weibo.com/xmlongre/

第二篇：2014年8月朗阁雅思 写作考题回顾

海口朗阁8月雅思写作考题回顾

8月雅思写作完整版即海口朗阁名师解题思路

工作类：

1)对工作考量因素的讨论，如：性别差异、年龄因素、社交技能及学历 e.g.The workplace nowadays is trying to employ the equal number of

females and males.Do you think it is a positive or negative trend?（可延伸 到男女生招生问题）

环境与资源：

2)环境污染的各类原因及解决办法

e.g.Many people say that we have developed into a “throw-away” culture, because we are filling up our environment with so many plastic bags and rubbish that we cannot fully dispose of.To what extent do you agree with this opinion and what measures can you recommend reducing this problem? 动物类：

3)人类对动植物进行利用的利弊，如对动物进行实验、将动物当成食物等 e.g.Some people think it is acceptable to use animals for the benefit of humans.Other people think it is wrong to exploit animals for human purposes.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.4)对动物园利弊的讨论及如何保护动植物

e.g.Far too little has been done to prevent animals and plants from dying out, although people have been aware of this problem for a long time.Why 朗阁海外考试研究中心

Research Academy for Foreign Language Examinations

do people do so little about it? Give your suggestions on how to solve this problem.犯罪法律：

5)犯罪现象出现或增长的原因及解决方法

e.g.Recent years, the number of crimes committed by young people in

major cities throughout the world is increasing.Discuss this issue.Give reasons and suggest some solutions.6)对惩罚措施的讨论，如坐牢、社区服务、教育

e.g.Some people think the only purpose of prison is to punish crime.Others think it has other functions.Discuss the two views and give your opinions.7)自由与遵纪守法的关系

e.g.Society is based on rules and laws.It could not function if individuals were free to do whatever they want.To what extent do you agree or disagree?

媒体广告类：

8)媒体上信息是否可信？记者应具备何种素质？

e.g.Nowadays, people get information through news and papers, but

meanwhile are uncertain about the truth of these news.Should we believe the journalists? What qualities should a good journalist or correspondent have?

9)媒体的重要性及影响

e.g.News media is important in our society.Why is it so important? Do you think its influence is generally positive or negative?

10)广告的作用及影响

e.g.If a product is of good quality and meets people’s needs, people will buy it.Therefore, advertising is unnecessary and is no more than a type of entertainment.To what extent do you agree or disagree?

第三篇：海口北雅国际英语2014年06月19号雅思考题回顾

海口北雅国际英语培训中心2014年6月19日雅思回忆

阅读：

Passage 1 Spinning Jenny

关于纺纱机的发明，发明之前的纺纱业状况，以及发明的灵感来源。设计及运作机制流程带来的当地经济、生产模式、当地居民生活状况的改善及影响。

P1 Sentence short answering

P2 T/F/NG

P3 流程图 diagram filling(关于纺纱机的设计和运作机制)Passage 2 Perservance to success

关于毅力perservance 对于成功的作用是否是成功的必要条件，所引发的的众多学家的众说纷纭

P1 多选题

P2 人名和观点的Matching题

P3 Y/N/NG

Passage 3 What's art? →criteria

关于对art的definition和如何判定art标准的观点理解

P1 单选

P2 Y/N/NG

P3 选择题(多选)

听力：

Section 1 White rihsol hostel 对话推荐 Hostel Accommodation

Section 2 Center of Alternative Technology

Section 3 Brichks made from waste.Bitublock 2个人对话讨论

Section 4 What does diets influence the climate

写作：

小作文：

The graph below shows the number of oversea visitors who came to the UK for different purpose between 1989 to 2009.大作文：

Some people think that it's easier for adults to learn practical skills(such as computer skills)by themselves;others think that it's better to learn with a teacher in the classroom.Discuss both sicks and give your opinions.口语回忆：

回忆1

hometown, work or study, why you choose these subjects,favourite animal, zoo, local product

things that are imported to china, why spent on luxury item name，where come from，现在住在哪里，生活的环境是不是适合孩子。一个星期最喜欢的一天，最忙的是哪一天，每天做的事情是不是一样，有没有事情是要改变的。中国是不会有很多人想当公务员，为什么。

a law in your country。why

university，food，birthday

interesting animalP3protect animal

wild animal.pet.weather，do u like the season.sencond language zoo以及对children可以学到什么，a people u haven't seen for a long timeP3sth about friendship.why do people lose friend? how to maintain a friend? bua bua

music language study

reading

家乡，大城市小城市

最喜欢的杂志

杂志对人的影响，记者需要的品质，记者喜欢他们的工作吗?

where you live at the moment

indoor game you played when you as a child

dy,rainy days,computer

save money for

关于省钱的问题，还有信用卡的问题。

第四篇：雅思写作考试重点把握图表作文关键点PARTONE09考题总结回顾

雅思写作考试重点 把握图表作文关键点 PART ONE 09考题总结回顾

题型总结

09年中国大陆地区共进行了47次雅思A类考试。首先，从目前已经进行的45场考试分析（综合数据详见表1）来看，老题出现比例较高，而09年图表作文的重点测试内容依然为数据类图表（共41次），而其中，柱状图（bar chart）的考核则堪称重中之重，考核次数达到18次之多，并相当重比例的集中在了上半年的考核中；线性图（line graph）和表格题（table）的考核次数较为平均；而往年就处于较低出现次数的饼状图（pie chart）在09年更是仅仅出现了4次。另外，非数据类图表的考核次数与往年持平，分别在一月，三月，六月和九月各出现了一次，地理变迁图依然是较为热门的非数据图表考核点，同时与08年不同的是，流程图考核次数较多而并未出现对比示意图的考核。另外，值得注意的是，多种图表结合的考核形式在09年也占据了相当的数量。

表一：2009雅思A类图表作文题型总结（090110-090512）

（*表示在综合图表中的考核次数）

柱状图

bar chart

线性图

line graph

表格题

table

饼状图

pie chart

非数据图表

Illustration

综合图表考察

12+6*

9+4*

9+3*

4+1*

考查内容范围总结

对于希望获得高分的考生来说，除了学会必要的趋势、数据、比较等描述外，图表

作文另一个考核考生英文功底的考点在于对考查内容（也即考察对象）的rewriting的能力，在09年已经进行的45场考试中，对能源能量的利用分配、某项方面的男女人数分配、工农业生产方面的数据和按照不同年龄分配等方面均有较大比重的考核（综合数据详见表2）

表二：2009雅思A类图表作文考查内容总结（090110-090512）

能源能量 Energy & Resource

男女比例 Gender Distribution

年龄比例 Age Distribution

生产 Production

旅游 Tourism-related issues

教育 Education-related issues

工作 Job & Career

娱乐 Recreation

其他 Others

PART TWO 2010写作预测及备考指导

09年考试的比例分配和相关规律将很有可能在2010年得到延续，因此，对于计划在2010年参加A类考试的考生来说，专家建议以下几个方面将是备考的重点。

集中考核点：柱状图

柱状图的难点在于多柱形的综合考核，需要考生有较好的纵向和横向的比较能力，并且需要考生在罗列信息点时有很好的逻辑性，因此这一考核点在2010年极有可能仍然作为考察的重点，以测试考生对较为复杂图形的综合能力。

EXAMPLE:

The bar chart below shows the amount of land damaged by tree-cutting, over-grazing and farming in four different areas in the world(Africa, Asia, Australia and Europe).该题的特点是图表信息量大，并且涉及四个国家、三种land damage的原因及其相对应的土地流失的面积三项指标，对于这样的复杂柱状图，考生需要有很好的逻辑性才能将其合理的布置在150字的短小文章中，而这正是考生在柱状图的练习过程中需要重点强化的内容。

繁冗信息量考核点：线性图和表格图

对于线性图的考核，专家认为2010年的趋势将集中在趋势较为波动复杂的图形考察上，对于这类图形，如果考生盲目按照图线进程进行描述往往会导致费时费力且冗长的结果。

EXAMPLE:

The graph below shows the percentage of people in different age group who went to the cinema once or more every week in Great Britain between 1990 and 2001.该题的特点是四条曲线每条都十分曲折，而时间和篇幅则不允许考生进行过分细节性的描述，因此对于这一考核的趋势，考生应该多注意把握总分结构和综合描写的能力。

而对于表格题来说，向来趋势性的不明确都是考生较为迷惑的地方，为加大对考生综合数据能力的考核，这一考核点在未来很有可能仍将是考试的重点。

综合考核点：复合图表

复合图表往往具有较大的信息量，因此建议考生在这类图表的考核中，必须在审题和构思的部分就要保持清醒的头脑，切勿对数据进行零散的分布式描述，从而导致文章的杂乱性。

非主流考核点：非数据类图表

在08和09年的非数据类图表考核中，地理变迁图和流程始终是考核的重点，考生对非数据类图表往往心存恐惧，而原因多半来自于平时的疏于练习，因此，建议考生可以在备考过程中注意往年考题的练习和总结。

细节考核点：考查内容的rewriting练习

2010年图表作文的考察内容仍将集中在性别分配，年龄分配，教育和能源等方面，而大多数考生在图表作文练习的过程中都将全部的重心放在数据描述的练习上，而忽略了对考察对象的rewriting练习，而对于想取得高分的同学，则往往出现rewriting时表述偏差或不合理的问题，所以，提醒考生应该在平时通过对过去考题和重点考察内容的改写练习加强这方面的能力。

以上就是雅思写作考试重点 把握图表作文关键点，考生们可以从中借鉴，并结合自身的情况总结出有效的雅思考试备考方法，为拿到雅思考试高分打下良好的基础。

第五篇：海口朗阁雅思 2014年8月9日雅思考试阅读考题回顾

朗阁海外考试研究中心

Research Academy for Foreign Language Examinations 雅思考试阅读考题回顾

朗阁海外考试研究中心 李珂 考试日期：2014年8月9日 Reading Passage 1 Title: 新西兰的路 Question types: 句子填空题6题

TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN 6题 文章内容回顾

新西兰和澳大利亚道路历史的介绍，毛利人和早期欧洲人是如何出行 的。现在道路情况的介绍，几条新道路。政府对修路不感兴趣，志愿 者自己建设。第一条道路是为了recreation, 有计划但未实行，最后一 条道路把很多美景连起来。相关英文原文阅读

The assertion that the first pathways were the trails made by animals has not been universally accepted;in many cases animals do not follow constant paths.Others believe that some roads originated from following animal trails.The Icknield Way is given as an example of this type of road origination, where man and animal both selected the same natural line.By about 10,000 BC, rough roads/pathways were used by human travelers.The world's oldest known paved road was laid in Egypt some time between 2600 and 2200 BC.Stone-paved streets are found in the city of Ur in the Middle East dating back to 4000 BC.Corduroy roads(log roads)are found dating to 4000 BC in Glastonbury, England.The Sweet Track, a timber track causeway in England, is one of the oldest engineered roads discovered and the oldest timber track way discovered in Northern Europe.Built in winter 3807 BC or spring 3806 BC, tree-ring dating(Dendrochronology)enabled very precise dating.It was claimed to be the oldest road in the world until the 2009 discovery of a 6,000-year-old track way in Plumstead, London.Brick-paved streets were used in India as early as 3000 BC In 500 BC, Darius I the Great started an extensive road system for Persia(Iran), including the Royal Road, which was one of the finest highways of its time.The road remained in use after Roman times.In ancient times, transport by river was far easier and faster than transport by road, especially considering the cost of road construction and the difference in carrying capacity between carts and river barges.A hybrid of road transport and ship transport beginning in about 1740 is the horse-drawn boat in which the horse follows a cleared path along the river bank.朗阁海外考试研究中心

Research Academy for Foreign Language Examinations From about 312 BC, the Roman Empire built straightstrong stone Roman roads throughout Europe and North Africa, in support of its military campaigns.At its peak the Roman Empire was connected by 29 major roads moving out from Rome and covering 78,000 kilometersor 52,964 Roman miles of paved roads.In the 8th century AD, many roads were built throughout the Arab Empire.The most sophisticated roadswere those in Baghdad, which were paved with tar.Tar was derived from petroleum, accessed from oil fields in the region, through the chemical process of destructive distillation.The Highways Act 1555 in Britain transferred responsibility for maintaining roads from government tolocal parishes.This resulted in a poor and variable state of roads.To remedy this, the first of the “Turnpike trusts” was established around 1706, to build good roads and collect tolls from passing vehicles.Eventually there were approximately 1,100 trusts in Britain and some 36,800 km(22,870 miles)of engineered roads.The Rebecca Riots in Carmarthenshire and Rhayader from 1839 to 1844 contributed to a Royal Commission that led to the demise of the system in 1844, which coincided with the development of the UK railway system.朗阁名师题型难度分析

本篇文章题型难度较低，是非无判断题及句子填空题均具有顺序性原 则，只要考生平时注重定位能力的训练，在较短的时间内可以提高这 两种题型的做题速度和准确性。根据学员回忆，本篇文章篇幅较短，难度较低。1-6 填空题： 1.beach 2.scientist 3.funeral 4.recreation 5.hunters 6.huts 7-12 是非无判断题： 7.FALSE 8.NOT GIVEN 9.FALSE 10.FALSE 11.NOT GIVEN 12.TRUE 题型技巧分析

对于是非无判断题有两点需要提醒：

第一，是非无判断题理论上是具有顺序性的题型，因此考生在回到文 章中扫描定位词时可以按照题目顺序来依次定位。但是是非无判断题 的特殊性在于其中有“无”的情况，所以如果考生过于机械的遵循顺序定 朗阁海外考试研究中心

Research Academy for Foreign Language Examinations 位的规律，对于答案是NOT GIVEN的题目，有可能会出现需要读完 更多内容才能判断出来的情况。所以建议考生在搜索某题的定位词时，可以同时关注后面题目的定位词是否出现。在下一题定位词已经出现 而本题定位词或者其同义替换的词仍未找到的情况下，则本题可以判 断为NOT GIVEN。

第二，考生在判断题目中的定位词时，不必只找唯一的一个词。如果 题目中出现了不止一个词可以用于作为定位词，建议考生可以全部找 出来，一起定位。因为这样能够准确定位到题目出现的位置。剑桥雅思推荐原文 练习

剑6 Test 2 Passage 1（文章话题相关）剑5 Test 3 Passage 3（题型搭配相关）Reading Passage 2 Title: 艺术的影响 Question types: List of Headings Matching（人名与理论配对）句子填空题 文章内容回顾

艺术对很多领域有影响。社区艺术可以促进旅游业，带来经济效益。列举社区可以发展的艺术形式，但很多人不参加社区艺术活动，分析 不想参加的原因。提到两个项目，鼓励儿童参加艺术活动。相关英文原文阅读

Motivated purposes of art refer tointentional, conscious actions on the part of the artists or creator.These may be to bring about political change, to comment on an aspect of society, to convey a specific emotion or mood, to address personal psychology, to illustrate another discipline, to(with commercial arts)to sell a product, or simply as a form of communication.Communication.Art, at its simplest, is a form of communication.As most forms of communication have an intent or goal directed toward another individual, this is a motivated purpose.Illustrative arts, such as scientific illustration, are a form of art as communication.Maps are another example.However, the content need notbe scientific.Emotions, moods and feelings are also communicated through art.Art as entertainment.Art may seek to bring about a particular emotion or mood, for the purpose of relaxing or entertaining the viewer.This is often the function of the art industries of Motion Pictures and Video Games.The Avante-Garde.Art for political change.One of the defining functions of early twentieth-century art has been to use visual images to bring about political change.Art movements that had this goal—Dadaism, Surrealism, Russian constructivism, and Abstract Expressionism, among others—are collectively referred to as theavante-garde arts.“By contrast, the realistic attitude, inspired by positivism, from Saint 朗阁海外考试研究中心

Research Academy for Foreign Language Examinations Thomas Aquinas to Anatole France, clearly seems to me to be hostile to any intellectual or moral advancement.I loathe it, for it is made up of mediocrity, hate, and dull conceit.It is this attitude which today gives birth to these ridiculous books, these insulting plays.It constantly feeds on and derives strength from the newspapers and stultifies both science and art by assiduously flattering the lowest of tastes;clarity bordering on stupidity, a dog's life.”-André Breton(Surrealism)Art as a “free zone”, removed from the action of the social censure.Unlike the avant-garde movements, which wanted to erase cultural differences in order to produce new universal values, contemporary art has enhanced its tolerance towards cultural differences as well as its critical and liberating functions(social inquiry, activism, subversion, deconstruction...), becoming a more open place for research and experimentation.Art for social inquiry, subversion and/or anarchy.While similar to art for political change, subversive ordeconstructivist art may seek to question aspects of society without any specific political goal.In this case, the function of art may be simply to criticize some aspect of society.题型难度分析

这篇文章搭配题型的难度较高，大部分考生对于heading题较心虚，同时还出现了人名-理论配对，让很多考生措手不及。填空题：

rates, attire, recognition 题型技巧分析

建议考生在做雅思人名观点配对题时不需要看完全篇再去做题，而是 可以采用定位法去有的放矢的解决，这样既快捷高效地完成了阅读任 务，也不再对阅读中的搭配题感到棘手和害怕了。今天要和考生们一 起探讨的是如何处理有关人名观点配对中，人名多次出现的试题。

人名观点配对一般考察的是某个人的言论(statement)、观点

(opinion)、评论(comment)、发现(findings or discoveries)。这样，一般这个题的答案在文中就只有两个答案区： 1.人名边上的引号里面的内容；

2.人名+ think /say /claim /argue /believe /report /find /discover /insist /admit /report...+ that从句。

人名在文中一般以以下方式出现： 1.全称(full name), 如：Brian Waldron 2.名(first name), 不常见

3.姓(surname), 如：Professor Smith 4.He/she（在同一段话中，该人再次出现时，用指示代词替代）因此，建议考生去文中找人名时，应该将上述四种情况均考虑进去。再者，应该谨记在心的是：如果一个人名在一段话中出现N次，也只 能算一次。如果一个人名在N段话中出现，就算N次。

该题的答案遍布于全文。因此应该从文章的开头往后依次寻找人 名。

朗阁海外考试研究中心

Research Academy for Foreign Language Examinations 该题貌似是全篇文章的考察，其实考察的就是这些人所说的几句 话。故应先从文中找人名，再去找答案。

标题配对题（List of headings）是雅思阅读中的一种重要题型，要求 给段落找小标题。它一般位于文章之前，由两部分组成：一部分是选 项，另一部分是段落编号，要求给各个段落找到与它对应的选项，即 表达了该段中心思想的选项，有时还会举一个例子。当然，例子中的 选项是不会作为答案的。解题思路：

1.将例子所对应的选项及段落标号划去 2.划出选项中的关键词及概念性名词

3.浏览文章，抓住各段的主题句和核心词（尤其是反复出现的核心 词），重点关注段落首句、第二句与末句

4.与段落主题句同义或包含段落核心词的选项为正确答案 剑桥雅思推荐原文 练习

剑4 Test 2 Passage 1（题型搭配相关）Reading Passage 3 Title: 听觉和视觉（婴儿和动物对外界刺激的反应和影响）Question types: Multiple Choice Summary（带选项）YES/NO/NOT GIVEN 文章内容回顾

婴儿时期所受到的外界刺激对终身都有影响。用猫做实验，只有vertical 的线条，后来发现类似实验对人也有差不多效果。婴儿对音的敏感，可以听到所有的音。科学家说这种能力在8-10月消失，成人没有此能 力。但婴儿时期受到的影响会在成年后体现。题型难度分析

本篇文章题型难度中等，都是顺序性题型。27-30 选择题：

27.选：Intelligence 28.选：Different lines and angles affect sight 29.选：Cortex does not work 30.选：People are the same with animals 31-35 填空题： 31.Speech sound 32.heartbeat 33.eye movements 34.physical reaction 35.dialect 36-40 是非无判断题： 36.YES 37.YES 38.NOT GIVEN 朗阁海外考试研究中心

Research Academy for Foreign Language Examinations 39.NO 40.YES 剑桥雅思推荐原文 练习

剑4 Test 1 Passage 3 考试趋势分析和备考指导：

本次阅读考试文章难度中等。Heading题回归，判断题题量大，单选和配对的题量正常，填 空覆盖了summary和sentence completion, 未出现段落信息配对。文章话题难度不大，对 于基础扎实的考生来说不算难。建议各位考生在备考期间注重对于主流题型做题技巧的积累 和练习，并保持一定的精读和泛读量。