第一篇：跨文化交际案例和解析(英文)
Case: In July of this year, the American CNN announced that, the preserved egg is the most lousy food.That made the Chinese people very angry, because the preserved egg is good food for most of Chinese people.Then Chinese people made a survey and declared that cheese is the most lousy food.Chinese people can't accept that the preserved egg is regarded as the most lousy food, on the other hand, the cheese is the food which is favoured by most of American people.But Chinese people think that cheese is too irritative.Both side cannot accept the food they selected.At the end of this case, the CNN reporters said sorry to Chinese people, but he said he would not eat the preserved egg.Analyses:
This is a typical case reflects that different culture influences different people, and when they have to communicate, they have conflict.As we all know, different food depends on different place,different habits, different climate, and some other factors.For western people, eating is a kind of rational concept, they should get enough nutrition from the food they eat every day.They don't care the taste too much.From Los Angeles to New York, the beefsteak has only one kind of taste.But for perceptual Chinese people, eating is not only a process to get nutrition, but also is a kind of art to get satisfaction.They would make the food not only beautiful, but also very delicious.For Chinese people, maybe they can accept the taste of the cheese, but they can't like it, because they don't like this kind of food in their deep heart.Also, they can't accept that foreign people said the preserved egg is the most lousy food.In their mind, the preserved egg, like other foods they like, has nutrition and beautiful image together.For western people, the cheese, is also this kind of good food for them.So, this case happened in their communications.This conflict showed that, different countries have different culture.We should try to accept these differences, do our favours.By susan
第二篇：跨文化交际 英文
Analysis of Deferent Views on “Filial Piety” Between China and American from Movie Guasha
Abstract: “While one’s parents are alive, one should not travel to distant places.” “The gentleman works hard on the basic principles, thereafter comes morality;filial piety is the basic principle of a human being.” These are our Chinese traditional filial piety.But are these standards or rules suitable for every nation? The movie Guasha shows us many about the differences of filial piety between China and American.There are many misunderstanding and coincidence in this movie and those are the cause of the circuitous of the characters’ fate.All of these are rooted in the cultural differences between China and American.In this assay, I made the differences of filial piety as the point of entry to analyze the reason why the differences come and their similarity.Key words: Guasha, the culture in china and America, piety, filial piety, object The movie Guasha tells a story that a Chinese couple who lived in American for 8 years took the hero’s father in American after they think they had realized their American dream.But a few days later, their son got ill;the old father used Guasha to treat the little boy for he didn’t know how to read English.The bruises were noticed by the child welfare bureau, and all the rough broke out after that.Finally, they had a universal satisfactory ending.The end of the story is to the satisfaction of all, but a variety of cultural conflict is the apparent.What we see is the initial irreconcilable to accept, understand.Many people will think that Chinese and Western have cultural differences, I think so, but I also think that behind these differences, there are many similarities.The following, I will be on the film to talk something about filial piety plot makes concrete analysis, and explore how cultural differences reflected in the filial piety? Why is it? What are the similarities?
But before that, we will first do a general understanding of filial piety.In the ancient clan and tribal society, meaning of “filial piety” is very wide.It refers to the family of the elder respect, love, support and sacrifice.With the family as the basic unit of society and social development in a long time, “filial piety” changes from the family elder respect to parental care, and become an important ethical rule to do with family relations.Today, “filial piety” to living gets more attention.We often say that the parents contribute to our upbringing, so we will repay the parents.While in the west, has no concept of “filial piety”.The Western belief in God, that God has given human life.So in the western culture, the concept of “filial piety” is corresponding to “piety”.” Filial piety “ is also derived from “piety”.Piety in the ancient Greek dictionary definition is: 1, sacred, permitted by the laws of God, to God;2, non God prohibited by law, human beings can enjoy.In the two concepts, actually we can see, in the West or in China, for the one who supposed to give us life, raising us people have a kind of “filial piety”, just for different objects.Situation one: acquiesce and even publicly agree the old father smoking in the house
There are two such scenes: 1, at the table, the old father smoking, Denis sat next to Grandpa.Janine saw father smoking, showed her disgust on her face, and then to open the window.Xu Datong saw this scene, said: “Janine, why?” Full of condemnation, for fear that his father felt reject by his families.2, the house was dark.The old father who was smoking at home saw the couple suddenly returned home looked panic, hiding the cigarette behind.He knew the daughter-in-law doesn't like him smoking in the house.In order to avoid his son and the daughter-in-law’s quarrel, he decided to put out the cigarette.At this time, Janine became clever.In order to make obedient husband don’t feel disgusted, she said: “Dad, go ahead, I don't mind.”In the two acts, both husband and wife knew smoking is harmful to health, but they did not prevent him from it.The reason is the filial piety.Since ancient times, Chinese are taught to obey.We cannot be a disobedient child.Even if the parents are wrong, we are not allowed to contradict them.That case in America, however, children will stop their parents since smoking is harmful to health.this is ”filial piety“ in the eyes of Americans.What lead the United States look the same thing quite different from Chinese? Personally I think that we should go back to the objects both sides to do ”filial piety“.As we said earlier, Chinese parents act as life giver and caregivers, while Americans believe God give them life whereas their parents are just pull them out.Therefore, Chinese parents and children are hierarchical, that is the so-called ”respect for seniority“.And in America, almost people are Christian.Parents and children are in the same class.They tend to be friends, just pointed out the fault and regardless of other things such as against.Scene two: taking old father in America to live together
In china, Datong is absolutely a dutiful son because it’s admirable to make parents live with their son and daughters.I guess no one in China would deny that.But in America, such behavior just can't be understood.Why the old father did not to live in his home, but in his son’s? Americans are puzzled, because in American, parents and children do not live together.Even when parents visit children, they have to make an appointment few weeks or even a few months before.This behavior in Chinese eyes seems incredible.They think that the relationship between American parents and children is too distant.In a word, both sides look at each other and feel nothing is right.Why? They have different ideas.Chinese like four generations under one roof, family happiness;while the Americans pay attention to individual personality, advocate individualism and independence of thought.And why the concept is different? We start from the filial piety and piety as well.Earlier we said that both China and the US have ”filial piety“, while the object is different.Chinese is more willing to live with parents, to do filial piety.The US is not with their parents who pull them into this world, because in their eyes, the role of parents is actually more like China brothers and sisters and it’s God who give their lives and souls.In Chinese, even if one large ancient family which people live together, in fact, can be divided into several small courtyards, deal with family affairs separately except some important issues.These partitional rules are more clear the modern life.Have you ever seen brothers and sisters live together? Perhaps no.Therefore, the Americans and their parents(like brothers and sisters)living in different roof is not surprising.Scene three: the understanding of “hitting you is for your own good”
When Xu Datong hit Denis, Quinlan appeared shocked and uneasy.Denis did not want to sit by the side of his father at table for his father beat him.Grandpa told him that his father hit him for his own good.People in China and America hold different positions to the same thing.In Chinese, to spare the rod was, traditionally, to spoil the child.The father to beat his son is good for son, son should not hold grudges, and they should obey the discipline, or it’s impiety;Americans think this behavior is abuse.It’s the appearance of not respecting the human rights.First, their laws don't allow this behavior.All are equal before the law.It’s illegal for the fathers to hit sons.It is a violation of human rights and a violation of the law.Second I think it is more important that Americans, from the bottom of their heart, think their parents and themselves are equal.Deep in their hearts, the one who give them souls and lives isn’t parents, but the God.Though China has the law that everyone is equal, but the parents’ hit on children is called they are educating the children, and no one would charge their parents.Because Chinese parents are as holy American’s God, play as the life and soul giver.So there are grades between parents and children in China.They never think that they themselves and their parents are equal.All of this is according to the different object of ”filial piety“.Conclusion
In cross-cultural communication, collision and conflict of culture can be seen everywhere.What the movie ”Guasha“ shows is only the tip of the iceberg.All differences originate in the differences in history, conception, belief, value.But the ”filial piety“ differences in Guasha are root in the different philosophical thinking about the sources of human.China as an atheist state(at least most people do), both the body and soul are given by parents.So parents have the sacred place in the hearts of their children and the place is inviolable.So in these situations above, Chinese will have different attitudes and practices with foreigners.And USA, as a Christian country, affected by the Bible story of Adam and Eve, people in this country believe that man is created by God, they believe God gave the soul to the flesh, and God is their Lord who makes them able to survive and multiply.The loftiness of his position is no less than Chinese parents.That is the reason why the relationships in Americans and their parents are not as tight as Chinese do.As for the “filial piety”, China and the US have something in common.Although their concepts are different, the meaning is the same.God is to American what parents are to Chinese.all have the same emotional ties and treatment.That is to say, both have ”filial piety“, but American ”filial piety“ is for God, as we know, the “piety”.It is because of the different objects that there are so many cultural conflicts about ”filial piety” in Guasha, and then the perplexing “filial piety” cultural conflict in the whole society.
第三篇：跨文化交际案例分析
跨文化交际案例分析
案例背景：
在泰国，和泰国朋友在网上聊天时，他们有时候会发来“555”，本来是说到开心的时候，为什么要用这几个数字呢？在中国聊天时555表示哭的声音。原来5的泰语发音是“哈hà”，“555”在泰国原来是表示笑声。“6”这个数字，在汉语中表示“顺利、吉利”的意思，汉语中有“六六大顺”，而6的发音在泰语里有“跌倒”的意思。同时，中国人用手势表示“6”的时候，大多是将拇指和小指竖起，将食指、中指、无名指弯曲来表示“6”，而这一手势在泰语文化中表示“牛”，而“牛”在泰语文化中表示“笨”的意思，是一个贬义词。
案例分析：
这个案例反映了不同的文化造成相同意象上的不同认知。由于数字的不同发音，表示不同的含义。同时，“牛”汉语指的是“勤奋”的象征，股票价格持续上升被称为“牛市”，因为牛象征生产与增值，同时，“牛”，已经被引申为一个形容词，意思为“厉害、有本事”，例如“你太牛了！”（标准：你太厉害了！）。这个词通常为褒义词，通常用于赞扬、形容某人很厉害，很有本事，很有胆量。也通常用于口语中的调侃。而泰语中“牛”这一意象，特别是“水牛”(ควาย)则是极尽羞辱的骂人的话。“水牛”是指“人很笨，不开窍，愚蠢至极”。解决办法：
理解数字在泰语文化里的含义，不要引起不必要的误会，同时，在泰国，夸奖别人时，不要用“牛”这个词。同时，向泰国朋友解释中泰文化的异同，表示并无恶意。
案例启示：
我们从事对外汉语教学的人，一定要有跨文化交际的意识。了解与这些知识相对应的泰语语用知识和泰文化知识及它们之间的差异和可能产生的冲突。
第四篇：跨文化案例与解析
Case 1
Li Ming is a Chinese.And Jack, his fellow, is an American.One day, Jack had a cold and not felt well.Li noticed and greeted:” Jack, you looks pale, what’s the matter with you?’’ “I’m not myself, a cold maybe.” Jack said.Hearing this, Li Ming advised ”You should drink more and go to see a doctor “ He also said “Did you take any pills? T ake medicine on time is good for your recovery.In addition, it’s also helpful to put on more clothes and have a rest.” But Jack seemed unpatient and responded “ You are not my mother, are you ?”
Analysis：American people attach much attention to their personal independence.Usually, they think those people who are taken care are the weak and don’t want to be looked down on.Therefore, generally, in this case, American will tend to say ” Take care of yourself.I hope you will be better soon.” , not to tell them how to do.Different from American, Chinese are more willing to give lots of suggestion.They think it show their care much better.What’s more, it does good to the patient’s recovery, too.Case 2
Mr.Zhang local citizen of Quan Zhou.Johnson, his coworker together, but to his surprise, Johnson refused it “ Sorry ,I’m afraid I’m busy.If you want, we can make it another time several days latter.”
Analysis: In foreign country, people usually make a date in advance with those they want to visit or invite.Because they think it’s impolite to visit sb without permission.While Chinese are casual.In general, they don’t make an appointment before they visit or invite somebody.
第五篇：跨文化交际
中西日常生活的差异
1、跨文化交际概念
“跨文化交际”的英语名称是“cross-cultural communication（或inter-cultural communication）”。它指本族语者与非本族语者之间的交际, 也指任何在语言和文化背景方面有差异的人们之间的交际。通俗来说就是如果你和外国人打交道（由于存在语言和文化背景的差异），应该注意什么问题，应该如何得体地去交流。
2、中西服饰差异
中西服饰受其各自不同哲学和文化的影响体现出不同的特征：儒家思想和大陆文明使中国服饰呈现出繁冗，宽博的特征。它不注重外表的装饰，以宽松的衣服遮掩身体的曲线，在思想上追求人格的完美，以“谦谦君子”的风范来维护良好的人际关系；而西方属于海洋文明，强调主观与客观的分离，理性看待服饰,主张释放个性,利用各种剪裁,色彩搭配等手段来完美身体曲线。
说起东方服饰文化，人们一定会想起雍荣华贵的唐装，含蓄隽永的旗袍，而对于西方服饰文化我们却知之甚少，能想到的除了近代的西装，便是中世纪欧洲隆重华丽的贵族服饰。其实中西服饰文化差异并不如此简单，一个民族的服饰特点渗透着一个民族深厚的文化底蕴。中西服饰经数千年的历史沉淀，形成了各具特色的风貌和体系。
（1）图案
中西服饰在对图案的选择上也呈现五花八门之势。中式服装喜好运用图案表示吉祥的祝愿。从古到今，从高贵绸缎到民间印花布，吉祥图样运用极为广泛。如龙凤呈祥、龙飞凤舞、九龙戏珠等图样，不仅隐喻着图腾崇拜，而且抒发着“龙的传人”的情感；象鹤鹿同春、喜鹊登梅、凤穿牡丹等图案，反映了人民对美满生活的希望。
西欧服装上的图案随着历史的变迁而不断变化。古代多流行花草放样，意大利文艺复兴时期流行华丽的花卉图案，法国路易十五时期，受洛可可装饰风格的影响，流行表现Ｓ形或旋涡形的藤草和轻淡柔和的庭院花草放样。近代有影响的流行图案花样有野兽派的杜飞花样，利用几何绪视原理设计的欧普图案等。
随着如今经济全球化的发展，中西服饰文化融合趋势也空前加强。中国服装界正在努力同世界接轨，走一条时尚加民族特色道路，在传统服饰设计中融入西方时尚元素，同时中国元素正在影响着国际时装界的发展。我们在探讨中西服饰文化差异的同时，更应该思考在全球化的冲击下保持民族特色的重要性。关键在于找到这个点，找到民族文化和大同文化切入的融合点。
（2）外形
在外形特征上来讲，中国传统服装的外形强调纵向感觉，常用下垂的线条、过手的长袖和筒形的袍裙。纵向的装饰手法使着装人体显得修长。清代服装相对来说比较肥大，袖口、下摆都有向外扩张之势。然而，清代妇女那高高的旗髻和几寸高的花盆底鞋，加上垂至脚面的旗袍，使旗人比历代妇女都显得修长。服装外形的修长感是对东方人较为矮小的身材之弥补，在感官上产生视错觉，在比例上达到完美、和谐。平顺的服装外形与中国人脸部较柔和的轮廓线条相称。
西洋古典服装的外形强调横向感觉，常采用横向扩张的肩部轮廓、膨胀的袖型庞大的裙撑、重叠的花边等，使服装线条产生夸张和向外放射的效果。西洋服装的外型特点与西方人热情奔放的气质，起伏明显的脸部轮廓以及比东方人高大挺拔的体型相适应。
（3）色彩
一个民族对颜色的喜好从某种意义上来讲正好反映了这个民族潜意识的性格特征。在上古时代，黑色被中国的先人认为是支配万物的天帝色彩。夏、商、周时天子的冕服为黑色。后来随着封建集权专制的发展，人们把对天神（黑色）的崇拜转向对大地（黄色）的崇拜，所以形成“黄为贵”的传统观念。传统服装色彩受阴阳五行影响，有青、红、黑、白、黄五色之说。它们被称为正色，其它颜色为间色，正色在大多数朝代为上等社会专用，表示高贵。在民间，正色也是人们衣着配色所喜爱和追求的颜色。
而在西方，在罗马时代最流行的色彩是白色和紫色，白色代表纯洁、正直，紫色象征高贵。中世纪时奇特式教堂中彩色玻璃窗被装饰得辉煌灿烂，引导人们追求天堂的色彩，因此服饰上充满宗教气氛的色彩被人们向往。欧洲文艺复兴以来，随着服饰奢华程度的升级，明亮的色彩受到人们的欢迎。法国人特别喜欢丁香色和蔷薇色，也很迷恋含蓄的天蓝和圣洁的白色；西班牙人崇尚高雅的玫瑰红和灰色调；在英国，黑色被认为是神秘、高贵的色彩。
4、中西饮食习惯差异
（1）“讲排场”VS“简单、随意”
中国有句古话，“持家要俭，待客要丰。”中国人在请客吃饭时讲究排场，重视饭菜的质量和数量。菜肴越丰富、越珍贵，就越能体现出主人的殷勤和客人的身份，而且饭菜一般要大大超过主人和客人所能消耗的量，否则就不足以显示主人的好客。比如清朝出现的“满汉全席”.菜至少108种，全席计有冷荤热肴一百九十六品，点心茶食一百二十四品，计肴馔三百二十品，合用全套粉彩万寿餐具，配以银器。富贵华丽，要分三天方可吃
“十六会签”是台州传统的高档筵席，由冷盘16碟、热菜l6碗、茶点l6种组成，山珍海味，成辣酸甜齐备，蔚为大观。而在西方.人们将吃饭看成是聚会和交流的机会，是重温旧谊和结交新人的机会，也是获得信息的场所。吃的东西固然必不可少，但并不是最重要的.更不需要摆阔气、讲排场。因此，西方的宴会并不重吃，而重宴会形式的自由化、多样化;主人要千方百计地创造出一种轻松、和谐、欢快的气氛，让客人们享受一段自由自在的美好时光。因此.西方人举行Pot—luck，即在聚餐会上每人都带一样菜，让大家共享。或者是开Pany，在聚会上，主人只提供饮料、酒和一些简单的食物，如奶酪、炸薯条、三明治等，并不提供饭菜。甚至在胡锦涛主席2006年4月访美抵达西雅图接受比尔·盖茨家宴时，这位全球首富、微软公司董事会主席提供的晚餐也不过是精选的三道菜：前菜是烟熏珍珠鸡沙拉.主菜是华盛顿州产黄洋葱配制的牛排或阿拉斯加大比目鱼配大虾(任选其一)，最后是甜品牛油杏仁大蛋糕。全球首富接待大国元首，竞只上三道菜，或许很多人认为盖茨太小气，而这正是中美文化的差异，美国国宴不超过四道菜，盖茨上三道菜已经算是盛情款待了.而中国宴席，动辄山珍海味、名酒名烟，一年吃掉2000亿，“吃文化”极尽奢华浪费。
（2）“集体主义”VS“个体主义”
在中国.“饮食所以合欢也”的集体主义思想.强调突出一个“合”字。通常中国人请客吃饭采取的是一种“共享”的方式.大家共享～席，共享桌上的菜肴.往往一道菜刚上桌，在主人的殷勤招呼下，众人群箸齐下，通力合作，共同“消灭”盘中之物，场景好不热闹，最后结帐也是争相付钱。而在西方，受个体主义思想的影响，西方人请客吃饭的习惯是每人一份，且主客双方各自点自己的饭菜.不必考虑他人的口味和喜好，用餐时也只吃自己的盘中餐，付钱也往往采取AA制，各人自付各人帐。
（3）餐具的差异：“筷子”VS“刀叉”
中国人自古以来大部分以农耕为主，通常以谷类为主食.倾向于安居乐业、和平与安定.强调以“和”为贵，反对侵略和攻击。而西方很多国家其祖先为狩猎民族，饮食以肉类为主，为了能在残酷恶劣的环境下生存，必须善于捕猎.富于进攻性，形成了争强好胜和乐于冒险的性格特征。中西方这种文化上的差异，也造成各自在饮食特别是餐具使用方面存在差异：中国人使用筷子时温文而雅，很少出现戳、扎等不雅动作.在餐桌上对待食物的态度是亲和的、温柔的。而西方人使用刀叉时又切又割，让人感到一种残酷和暴虐，是毫不掩饰地蹂躏食物。
（4）出席时间的差异：“迟到”VS“准时”
人类时间观念大致有两种文化模式，一种是单一性时间(Monochronic—time)，要求做任何事都要严格遵守H程安排.该干什么的时候就干什么;注意严格遵守约会时间，不能失约这种模式是欧美等西方国家的时间模式.正式的宴会要求准时到达，一般不超过lO分钟;否则将被视为不合礼仪，是对主人以及其他客人的不尊重。另一种是亚非拉地区普遍使用的模式，多样化时问(Polychronic—time)模式，持该观念的人没有安排fj程的习惯，该干什么的时候没有按时去干;不注意遵守时间，不重视预约。对于“迟到”现象主客双方都习以为常，并不将之视为对主人邀请的一种轻视或是一种不礼貌的行为。有时主人甚至故意将宴会时间定得“早”一些.以便为客人们的“迟到”提供更加充裕的时间。
（5）座位安排的差异
座位安排方面，主要有两个差异：其一是“南北”Vs“左右”。中国人认为宴会中座位通常是以面向南为上，以面向北为下，形成了“南尊”、“北卑”的传统观念。最尊重的位置是坐北朝南或正对门厅处.称为上席、首座等。西方人在安排座位时将主宾席放在主人的右侧，形成了餐桌座位以右为上、左为下的规矩。其二是“男尊女卑”vs“女士优先、男女平等”。中国人将长幼有序、尊重长者作为排座的标准。宴会或多或少地缺乏对女性的尊重.许多地区有“女人不上席”的习俗，即使上席.女性所坐位置一般也不显著。而西方人将女士优先、尊重妇女作为宴会排座位的标准，同时也作为宴会上其他行为的标准。在宴席上，男女宾客必须交叉而坐，体现了男女平等的思想。其实这也是人们将基督教文化对圣母玛利亚的虔诚尊敬扩展和延伸.而产生的尊敬世间妇女的社会风尚。
9、中西家庭观念差异
“父为子纲”是中国家庭几千年来延续下来的根深蒂固的观念。子女必须服从父母长辈，否则被视为“大逆不道”、“不孝”。父母是绝对的权威，发展到当今社会，父母又成了孩子的庇护神、债务人，父母辛苦一辈子就是为了孩子，使得中国家庭中的独生子女成了家中的小皇帝，大多数孩子从一出生就很少离开过父母。
通常，孩子出生后的几年里与父母同居一室一床，母亲外出或走亲访友总要带着孩子，长期如此的母子间的亲密使孩子在感情上依赖母亲；饭来张口、衣来伸手、生存能力低下，独立性差，依赖性强。在西方，尤其在美国，孩子与父母的距离较远，孩子一出生就和父母分开，单独有自己的房间，父母走亲访友或购物时，通常用婴儿车推着孩子；父母鼓励孩子自己走路，摔倒了自己爬起来，自己学吃饭；有的父母干脆把孩子托付给保姆，培养孩子从小不依赖父母。
父母比较尊重孩子的意愿，注重孩子的个性培养，独立是对孩子的基本要求，同时父母又是孩子的朋友，父母同孩子相处关系融洽，孩子成年后不再依赖父母生活，即使是上学也靠自己打工挣钱完成学业，否则，会被视为丢人的事。中国人辛苦了一辈子，就是为了孩子。父母省吃俭用，一辈子积蓄买一套房子，该享天伦之乐了，自己也已走到生命的尽头。房子成为留给子女的遗产。祖祖辈辈，世代如此。
中西文化观念差异无处不有，除上述外，还表现在诸多方面，如饮食习惯、家庭生活习惯、教育观、人生价值观等等。著名外语教育家王佐良先生说：“不了解语言当中的社会文化，谁也无法真正掌握语言。”由于社会历史和发展背景不同，中西文化观念差异是多方面的，全方位的。这就需要我们在英语教学过程中，不仅要传授语言知识，培养学生的听、说、读、写、译能力，同时还要适当引入一些中西文化对比的讨论，这有助于帮助学生更好地理解课文，加深印象，增强对英语学习的兴趣，培养学生的跨文化交际能力，将课堂置于跨文化交际环境之中，做到既教语言又教文化。
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