英语作文写作思路(牛)

第一篇：英语作文写作思路(牛)

花了不少的力气,终于将考试作文的基本思路及一些方法,注意事项总结了出来.考试作文做为一种语言技能测试.主要考的是考生的行文能力，只要作文内容符合主旨,逻辑合理,语法顺畅,语言得体,并适当的体现语言技能.相信一定可以拿到不错的成绩.全文节选,摘抄,总结自刘春伟老师主编的<英语应试作文写作捷径>一书.总结出来仅供有需要提高英语写作水平的志同道合人士共同学习,交流,提高.请尊重版权.通过几天的总结,个人认为以下知识要点很到位,而且比较详细,经常翻阅参考,必有裨益!至于书信,便条等应用文部分，待再做总结.壹.写作的基本要求 应试作文“结构模式化”已经成为一条核心策略.一般考试作文形式不外乎: 议论文,(提纲式,图表式),应用文(信件与便条),说明文和记叙文 英语的直线性(Linear)思维方式使英文文章通常都是开门见山,英语语篇一般按照直线展开,通常包括四个部分: 导入,主题,支撑,结论.也就是说,首先陈诉主题或中心思想,然后按照一条直线展开,分点说明中心思想,而且每 个段落都会有一个主题句，主题句通常位于句首,使读者一目了然,整个语篇是一个完整的统一体.语言流畅 所谓统一性是指全篇的各个段落都是为一个中心思想服务,而且每个段落都会围绕一个主题句来展开,如果有游离于中心思想 之外的句子就会使文章零散杂乱.中心突出是因为开头第一句话就提出了主题句(controlling idea).造成段落结构松散的原 因是句子的结构杂乱，要整理句子的结构,把某些句子变成修饰或限定形式,紧缩句子结构.为使段落中心突出,中心句必须能 高度概括所在段落的论据.中心句的概括性和具体性是段落和文章发展的基石.思维直线性--统一性--完整性--连贯性(意义连贯,形式连贯), 连贯性要使用一些过渡性的词语: 表层进: first/firstly to begin with/second/secondly to start with/third/thirdly what's more/also and then/and equally important/besides in addition/further in the first place/still furthermore/last but not the least/finally 表列举: for example/for instance/to illustrate as an illustration/after all/as a matter of fact/frankly speaking/in this case namely/in other word 表总结: in summary/in a word/in brief/in conclusion/to conclude/in fact/in short/in other word/of course it is ture specaily/thus as has been said/altogether in other word/finally in simpler terms/in particul-ar/that is/on the whole/therefore 表强调: of course/indeed/above all/most important/emphasis/certainly/in fact 表让步: still/nevertheless/in spite of/all the same/even so/after all/concession/naturally 表比较: in comparision with/likewise/similarly equally/however likewise/in

the

same

way/by

contrast

表转折:

although/but/in contrast/nevertheless/on the contrary/on the other hand/otherwise/regardless/ yet/despite/even so/even though/for all that/however/in spite of/instead 表时间: after a while/afterward/as long as/at last/at length/at that time/before/earlier/eventually/ finally/formerly/further/furthermore/in addition/in the first

place/in

the

past/last/lately/meanwhile/ moreover/next/now/presently/second/shortly/simultaneously/since/so far/soon/subsequently/then/thereafter until now/when 贰 议论文 议论文的目的在于阐述道理，说服他人,使人相信某种道理或假设,它是所有应试作文中最常见文体.议论文通常有两种推论方 法,即归纳法和演绎法.但要在应试作文比较短的篇幅中取得良好的效果,通常会遵从以下思路:引言段,正文主题段,结论概述.引言段(introduction), 为了引起读者的好奇和兴趣,引言段通常会有以下内容: 1,关于主题的一些背景知识 2,提及主题 3,表明中心句(thesis statement)正文(body),正文是一篇文章的主要部分,本部分要讨论,回答在引言段提出的问题,而且语言的组织要自然,有逻辑.主体部分 要有几个自然段,每个段落都要有自己的主题句,最好能在段首提出.结论/结尾段(concluding paragraph),结尾部分要言简意赅,与主题密切相关,要总结观点或提出希望,并给读者留下深印象.文章中如果缺少了这三大部分中的任何一部分，都会使人感到结构残缺.对于一篇150-200字的文章,要在短短的篇幅中把问题 说明清楚,应该遵循下面这个黄金比例:开头结尾各15%,中间的正文主题要在70%左右.才能组织出一篇结构合理的文章.应试议论文的形式虽然多变.其实都是在考察两种能力: 1,Can you express and support your opinion? 2,Can you choose and defend a point of view? 而且以上两种能力的考察归根结底是以 提纲式作文和图表(画)式作文 来体现的.1、提纲式作文 Direction: A: Title : Fast Food B: Word Limit : about 200 words C: Your composition should be based on the outline given in Chinese below

1、在节奏迅速的当今时代，快餐受到了人们的青睐

2、快餐受欢迎的原因，营养方面比较差

3、对快餐的态度应该是少吃为佳 提纲式作文是一种控制性作文，写作者要根据题目和提纲，确定文章的中心思想，然后紧紧围绕中心思想展开讨论，表达提 纲的主旨。但要注意，提纲只是文章中必须包括进去的内容要点，只是为文章提供一个支撑的骨架，不能拘泥，硬搬。提纲式议论文的内容可以划分为以下几个大框： ①原因式 ： 作文要求考生对一类社会问题或现象的原因进行分析解释。例如 My view on fake commodities

1、目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品，为什么会有这种现象。

2、举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人，社会等的危害。虽然题目的要求多变，但通常可以采用以下的模式来解决： 第一段：引入话题（引出文章要进行解释的某种现象或问题），表明作者对此问题的看法和态度。第二段：过渡性语言，概括全段主题，支持自己的观点的有力证据或理由（各个理由或论据之间加上合适的过渡 性语言）。第三段：结论 因此，原因式提纲式作文的写作思路具体规范一下，可以遵循以下格式： paragraph 1 thesis statement: A phenomenon or problem in society and my view/attitude on it paragraph 2 reasons : transitional expression + reason 1 transitional expression + reason 2 …… paragraph 3 conclusion, to restate the thesis ②分析解决式 ：所谓分析解决式是指针对某一社会现象找出其解决办法。此类似与原因式，但不同的是，分析解决式不仅要 分析事件或现象的原因外，还要有相应的解决方法。这类题目，通常会采用以下的模式来解决： 第一段：引入话题，（引出文章要进行解释的某种现象或问题），表明作者的态度或看法。第二段：过渡性语言+分析造成这种现象或问题的原因（几个原因）第三段：过渡性语言+就上述问题的起因逐个给出对应的解决办法或建议。第四段：总结+发出倡议或号召或展望未来。因此，可以将分析解决式作文的格式归纳如下： paragraph 1 thesis statement:A phenomenon or problem in society/my attitude on this issue paragraph 2 reasons: transitional expression + reason1 transitional expression + reason2 ……… paragraph 3 solution/advice: transitional expression + solution/advice 1 transitonal expression + solution/advice 2 …… paragraph 4 conclusion: to restate the thesis ③对比/比较式 ：此类作文要求考生比较两个事物或观点的优缺点,并且要有自己的观点,有自己的倾向.多数情况下，对赞成 的事物要多写优点,对于反对的事物,优点少写，多谈缺点,这样在结论的时候才能达到另人信服的效果.此类通常有以下的语言模式出现: Which idea do you agree with?/Do you agree or disagree with the statement./ which kind of…do you prefer?/Which do you think is better?/Then which one do you agree with and why?/ Write a short essay in which you discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each… 写作此类作文为了能使文章脉络清晰，使阅卷者能够迅速的找到文章的行文思路，通常采用下面的交替式格式： 第一段：引入话题（引出对该问题的不同看法），承认不同看法各自有各自的理由。第二段：过渡性语言+陈诉一方的观点或优点。第三段：过渡性语言+陈诉另一方的观点或缺点。第四段：结论表明自己的立场是支持一方的。sth's advantage far outweighs its disadvantages Direction: For this part you are going to write an essay on the topic of City Life and Suburban Life.You should write about 200 words and base your composition on the outline below.1、最近几年愈来愈多的居民选择在郊区生活。

2、城市生活和郊区生活各有各的特点。

3、我的观点…… 此类作文的写作方式非常丰富，基本可以分为： A，交替式优点比较法（一个段落写A的优点，另一个段落写B的优点）B，交替式缺点比较法（一个段落写A的缺点，另一个段落写B的缺点）C，板块式优缺点比较法（既在一个段落的空间里，谈到A的优点的同时谈一下B的缺点，或谈到A的优点后再谈A的缺点，反正 此比较法形式多样，只要可以起到另人满意的比较效果，都可取）。④驳斥式 ： 主要针对一些社会上比较流行而又存在谬误的做法或看法来进行批判的一种命题模式。这种命题方式的对应思 路既类似于比较式，又类似于原因式，其格式不外乎下面的模式： 第一段：引出社会中存在的一种谬误现象或看法，并提出自己的立场 第二段：过渡性语言+实例例证该现象或看法的谬误所在 第三段：重申自己的观点 Direction: Scientific discovery has brought about many negative effects to our life at the same time of promoting our life.Some people think that the development of science has disastrous side effects so that we shou-ld not live in modern society.What's your point of view? 可以将驳斥型英文的写作格式归纳如下: paragraph 1 thesis statement: A wrong belief or problem in society and my criticism toward this view.paragraph 2 disputing process: transitional express + evidence 1 transitional express + evidence 2 …… paragraph 3 conclusion:to restate the thesis and my point of view 以上为提纲式议论文的一些总结。

3、图表（画）议论文 图表(画)式作文和提纲作文一样,都是根据题目所提供的已知信息进行写作,不同之处在于,其限定性要求是以图表或者图画的 形式来间接规定的.对于这种命题形式的作文,首先要对图表或图画作出认真分析,弄清图表(画)所含有的信息以及不同信息之 间的关系,抓住其表现趋势.由于这种作文形式的信息载体不是文字而是图表,所以需要注意以下几点: 第一、不能遗漏图表（画）中的信息，否则不能全面体现命题的写作要求，容易跑题或不切题。第二、在图表（画）中，特别是图表似作文中会有大量的数据，应该体现一定的数据，靠事实来说话，以数据来支持。第三、结尾处应该对图表（画）所表现的趋势加以预测。此类命题最广泛接受的模式如下： 第一段：描述图表（画），概括图表（画）所表现的社会问题。如果是图表式作文，在本段中不要出现具体的数 据来说明情况，否则开头缺乏概括性，而图画式作文则要求文字稍微详细一些，但篇幅不可超过全文的1/3。第二段：在图表式作文中，用图表数据来论证第一段的主题，或者分析各个数据产生的原因，在图画式作文中，揭示图画的主旨。第三段：在图表式中分析预测走势，在图画式中发表议论或提出建议。可以把这种类型文章的格式归纳如下： paragraph 1 : thesis statement: A phenomenon or problem ravealed by the diagram paragraph 2 : analysis of the diagram: transitional express + analysis 1 transitional express + analysis 2 paragraph 3 : solution/suggestion/expectation 图表（画）作文会有一些自己的语言

1、图形种类 泛指图表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table 饼图：pie chart

2、图标/数值 直方图或拄形图：bar chart/histogram 图解：scheme 绘制：plot 趋势曲线图：line chart/curve diagram 简图：sketch 插图：plate 表格图：table 区域：section 流程图或过程图：flow chart/sequence diagram 图标：block 程序图：processing/procedures diagram 箭头：arrow 草图：draft 圈：circle 图画：picture/depiction 阴影区：shaded area 漫画：cartoon 垂直线：vertical stroke 肖像：image 星号：asterisk 连环画： comic 调查结果：protocol

3、开头段常用语言：在图表式作文第一段，我们通常要概括图表的内容，并揭示其中的含义，要用到以下语言： The table/chart diagram/graph

shows

(that)…

show,describe,illustrate,can

be

seen The from,reveal,represent,indicate,depict

figure/statistic/number/percentage/proportion scheme/sketch/block shows that… The arrow/circle/shaded area represents… The table is a protocol of the experiment… According to the table/chart diagram/graph, As is shown in the table/chart diagram/graph, As can be seen from the table … As we can spot from in the chart… It can be seen from the figures/statistics, we can see from the figures/statistics, It is clear from the figures/statistics, It is apparent from the figures/statistics，4、数据变化：在描述图表式作文的内容时，会遇到一些表示“变化”的词，可以增强文章的语言表达色彩 固定不变：fixed in time 波动：fluctuate/rebound/undulate/wave 转变：change over time 稳定：remain stable/stabilize/level off 增加：increase/raise/rise/go up/soar/shoot up 最高点：peaked/reached a peak/high point 减少：decrease/grow down/drop/fall/decline/reduce/slump 最低点：bottomed out/reached the bottom 形容词／副词：about/almost/approximately/dramatic/dramatically/exactly/gradual/gradually/just over/nearly over/precisely/sharp/significant/significantly/slight/slow/stable/stably/steady/steadily/steep/steeply/ sudden/suddenly/rapid/rapidly

5、比较级或倍数，比例关系 as many as/the largest group/almost half of/ranks first/by far show the ration of/to:呈……比例 similar to double the number of be in a direct ration to/with:呈正比 different from be in a inverse ration to/with:呈反比 more than compare with twice as many as on the contrary/in contrast to three times as many as the same as half the amount of 对于一篇一二百字的文章中，各个部分应该％遵循下面这个黄金比例，即开头和结尾各占１５％左右，中间的主题正文要 ７０％左右。这样才能组织出一篇结构合理的好文章。当然对于不同的情况有时候需要具体情况具体分析

二、开头的写法（开头指出文章主题，并为主题的发展做铺垫）１、现象法：指在文章的开头就指出某种社会现象。并对此提出自己的看法 常用词汇： 事件：issue/problem/question 热门，棘手：hot/heated/urgent/burning/pressing/pervasive/rampant 争论：debate/controversy/argument/dispute 一致，同意：consensus 引起注意：in the limelight/brought into attention/focus/concern 带来问题：impose/cause 出现问题：loom up/crop up 面临问题：confront/encounter/face question 使恶化：worsen/deteriorate 紧急的：acute 讨厌：undesirable 困扰：be plagued/embarrassed/upset by 广泛的：pervasive/rampant/prevalent 见证：witness 存在：under way 惊人的：alarming 套用句型： with the rapid /amazing development of… according to recent survey/poll/study,there have occurred… there is a heated/focused debate at present about the issue of … all reliable evidence justifies the fact/view that…is a rampant issue in today's society recently/nowadays/at present,the phenomenon of …has loomed up wide public concern the alarm about the issue of … has caused considerable/general attention the question of … has been in the limelight/brought into focus nowadays, our society is witnessing more and more… all available evidence points to the fact that…

2、观点法，开头就提出社会上人们的看法和观点，从而引出自己的主题和论据 常用词汇： 观点：idea/opinion/belief/attitude/illusion 涌现：spring up 认识：recognize/be aware of/be conscious of 构成威胁:pose threat on 认为：regard/view 挑战:challenge 影响思维：shape our mind 明显的:marked/obvious/conspicuous/visible 承认：ackownledgement/recognition/admission 威胁,危险:stake 热衷：preoccupation/enthusiasm 抱怨:groan/complain 前景：prospect 破除观点:explode the belief 根深蒂固的观点：deep-seated idea 假想:premise/assumption 困扰：be obsessed with 毋庸质疑:undisputed 正确的：justified 传统观点: orthodoxy 套用句型： Now people in significant/growing numbers are aware of the idea that… Now people in significant/growing numbers are coming to recognize that… Researchers/scientists have established the concept that… It's well known/believed/agreed that… Various views exist as to the problem/phenomenon of… One of the hottest/most popular/serious issues many people talk/complain about nowadays is… People's views are divergent on the question of… when asked about…the overwhelmingly majority of people will…

3、正反对比论证法，开头首先引起人们对要讨论的问题的不同看法和观点，然后提出作者对此问题的态度。正反论证法与 观点法有一定相似，不同是，正反论证法多用于有争议的主题，而观点法只是在开头提出一种见解或观点。常用词汇： 反对：object/against 假想：assumption 认为：maintain/accept/hold/conceive 适度的，适量的：moderate 争议：controversy 怀疑的：skeptic 招致反对：provoke criticism 不满：beef/lament/fuss/grumble 不可避免的：inevitable 可行性：feasibility 歪曲事实：distort 套用句型： There is much discussion nowadays as to the problem of… Those who object to… argue that… But those who advocate… on the other hand,argue that… There is no agreement among people as to the issue of … Some people say that… Others say that… As to me,(I am on the first side of the argument.The following examples can prove my standpoint.)There is a public debate as to the issue of… When asked about… the vast majority of people say that… but others people view it as… When faced with… quite a few/most people claim/believe that… but other people regard… as There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of… Those who object to the idea argue that… But people who favor… argue that… There is a heated debate today about the problem of… …seems to provoke wide criticism in today's society There is growing skepticism toward…

4、数据法，增强文章的可信度和说服力 常用词汇： 调查：poll/survey/research 高居榜首：at the top of the list 民意调查：poll/gallup 显示：show/display/demonstrate/indicate 进行调查：conduct a survey/a survey undergone 稳定：remain stable/stabilize/level off… 数据：statistics/data 估计：estimation 从某角度：in terms of 套用句型： according to the survey/research/poll… the figure indicates that… A survey is undergone about… An astonishing number is disclosed during a national survey… Such statistics present an undisputable fact that…

5、问题法，在文章开头提出一系列问题，引起读者好奇，从而展开对问题或事件原因的讨论。此法相对来说表达主题的能力 不是很明显，有些问题的设计不合理或明知顾问，会导致首段中心不突出，主题句表达苍白/ 套用句型： One of the basic/hot topic facing our society is:what… How do you think of the problem of…?In seeking answers to the questions,… In answer to these quentions,we must… Why is there a…(a growing drift toward…)in society?It is no easy task to identify the cause for it.6、名人名言法 常用词汇： 谚语：proverb 深思：contemplate 俗语：old saying 哲学家：philosopher 座右铭：motto 警句：epigram 评说：remark 被验证：be confirmed 声言：statement 议论：comment 回应：echo 被否定：be shattered 套用句型： One of the great men once remarked that… Nowadays it still has a realistic/profound significance.One of the scientists once said that… Nowadays it is still working in our modern society.One great wirter had ever said that… Now more and more people share this belief.The remark is still confirmed by people in today's society./has been shared by generations.7、故事法 Last week, a classmate of mine… The story is not rare.It has drawn public attention to the problem of The story/case/incident is not rare/unique/unusual in our life.Such a story is well-acknowledged by people: …

8、定义法 定义：notion/definition 理念，概念：concept … , defined as …, is… by difinition we generally define …as… by the word“…”,we mean…

三、主题段落的写作 段落与段落之间，以及段落的不同层次之间都应该有自然的过渡，以达到文章通顺流畅的目的。

1、并列法（分类法），分类时常用：most of all/next/moreover/in addition/besides/furthermore/to begin with/ to start with/first of all/first/second/third/additionally/apart from 套用句型： Among the most important reasons offered by people for… ,one should be mentioned… A multitude of factors could contribute/account for the increase in … A number of factors could contribute to the success in … A multitude of factors could lead to the failure in … Another contibuting factor/contributory cause of … is … But … along is not the answer.Another best way to expain … is … at the first glance---moreover---the last but not the least What's more,…

2、比较对照法，用于比较优缺点或不同观点的文章，经常伴有正反对比论证的开头。在这种主题段落写作中，分别列出某事 物或观点的优点和缺点，通过这种比较对照得出某种结论。常用词汇： 超过：outweigh 无与伦比：without rivals 明显的优势：distinct advantage 缺点：drawback/demerit 可取的：preferable 相反的：reverse 比较，对比： to weigh … and … 区别：distinction 抵消：offset/counterbalance 套用句型： By contrast,it is also important to note that … The advantages of A outweigh any benefit we gain from B.The advantages of B carry more weight than those of A.Good as A is,however, it has its own disadvantages.Although A has a distinct advantage over B, it cannot compete with B in … Although A enjoys considerable advantage of … it cannot compete with B in … In view of this situation,people put forward two countermoves to solve it.As to whether it is a blessing or a curse,however,people take different attitudes/stands.People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.every icon has two sides./every knife is double-edged./Fire is a good servant but a bad master.… itself is neither good nor bad and its value to people and society depends on how it is used.we should exploit its merits and shun/avoid its drawbacks.The advantage of having roommate always outweigh the disadvantages.Finally, the incomparable advantage is that… this kind of change is both positive and negative / It goes without saying that, … on the one hand,on the other hand those who welcome it maintain the view that,… at the same time of benefiting our life,computer is also bringing about its side effect.some people hold that … other people,on the contrary, advocate… In fact,neither of them is absolutely reasonable.3、因果法，通过分析几个构成事件发生的原因，来解释某个结果的形成。归因于： attribute to / ascribe to / owe to 导致：lead to/result in/give rise to/entail/cause 套用句型： There are also factual reasons for disagreeing with the belief.The reason for… are complex, but one factor is consideration everywhere.The reason for..Is varied.And maybe they lie in the fact that… The causes/reasons for…are complicated/profound.And perharps they are found in the fact that…/And the first reason may be… one may attribute the increase to… why are…? For one thing…another is…perharps the primary reason is… The success/failure/decline stems/derives/results from the factors as fellows.One lies in…another is found in … still another consists in… there is another reason why I cast my preference for… …is mainly responsible for… we may look into every possible reason except the real one.The leading/underlying/root cause/for … is… these factors,coupled with the factor of … ,lead to… this is a marked situation,but reasons for it are not hard to find.4、例证法，通过列举某些事实来证明某种观点的正确性。例证法往往是和其他段落手法结合使用举例说明。常用词汇： 举例：illustrate/illustration 引用：cite/quote an example 事例：to cite an example 适用的例子：a case in point 例如：for example/for instance 证据：evidence/proof 不容质疑：it goes without saying/undeniable 表明：unfold/expose/index/reveal/exhibit 套用句型： we may cite/quote a single/common example of … we may mention another example of … The following examples can prove my standpoint.I can think of no better illustration of this idea than the fact that … There is now evidence that … the most striking instance… / the list of such examples is numberous.The above instances drive us to a natural conclusion that … to illustrate/As another instance/If one more example is needed, I could mention…/Given the examples I just outlined,I can only say that…

5、批驳法，此类主题段的写作往往是跟在观点式或正反对比论证式的开头后面。首先提出某种在社会上比较流行的说法，然 后对此观点进行批驳，并用充分的事实理由作为论据。揭示：reveal/disclose/unfold/expose/indicate 有道理：a grain of truth/hold water 无价值的：flimsy 决不：on no account/in no case/under no circumstance 无根据的：groundless 深思：on a second thought 无保证的：unwarrantd 表明观点：air/voice one's view 荒谬的：fallacious/ridiculous/absurd 排除可能：rule out the possibility 言论：assertion/statement 主张：assert 套用句型： A careful examination of these arguments would reveal how groundless they are.On the surface, it may seem a sound solution,but carefully weighing on the mind,we find that… At first thought,it may seem an attractive idea,but on closer analysis,we find that… The main problem with this argument is that it is ignorant of the basic fact that… The obvious drawback in this view is that it is blind to the fact that… what they fail to understand/consider/mention is that… But I don't think this view will hold water.It's undeniable that… There is a long-running controversy as to whether… As far as I am concerned,I don't find any echo of this idea in my heart.On the contrary,it's totally a nonsence on a second thought.In a word,the issue is not complicated and controversial.There is much debate upon the issue of … We can safely conclude that …

四、结尾的写法 点睛之笔。评卷人的精力更多投向文章开头，每段的过渡和文章的结尾。

1、总结法，最常见的结尾方式，是指根据全文内容，得到一个总结性的言论来结束文章。常用词汇： 得到结论：draw/come to/arrive at a conclusion 总之：all in all/in a word/to sum up/in general 证明观点：justify/confirm/warrant the view 不容质疑：indisputable/striking 套用句型： From what has been discussed above,we may safely draw the conclusion that… Taking into account all these factors, we may arrive at the conclusion that… All the evidence/analysis

supports/justified/confirms/warrants

a/an

unmistakable/unshakable view/sound idea/fair conclusion that… All the available/reliable evidence goes to show that.../ points to the fact that… In view of the above-mentioned facts,we should undoubted come to the conclusion that … to sum up,… /to conclude,…

2、呼吁法，所谓呼吁法是指在文章结尾处论及与读者的切身利益相关的论点，然后提出倡议呼吁人们作出努力来参与行动。常用词汇： 解决问题：tackle/handle/take up the question 困境：plight 忽视问题：fail in/ignore/be blind to the issue 急切的：imperative 套用句型： we must call for an immediate action/method,because the current dendency of …,if permitted to develop at will,it will result in the destruction of …

3、预测法，为了鼓舞人心，通过预测未来的方法来结束文章。常用词汇： 解决方案：recipe/solution/remedy/measure/approach 鼓舞人心的：encouraging/promising/cheerful 迅速有效的：instant/effective/valid 有回报的：rewarding/pay-offf 不久的将来：foreseeable future/near future 致力于：be committed/devoted/engaged to 前景，预测：prospect 持续努力：sustain the efforts 套用句型： Fortunately,however,more and more people come to realize the importance of … and improvement is in near future.There is no easy solution to the issue,but … might be helpful/beneficial.There is no effective approach to the problem of …,but our commitment will be rewarded as long as we insist on assuming our responsibility on it.The effect that…will bring about are far-reaching.…will exert a profound influence on … in my judgment,however, … It's important to sustain our efforts to … Indeed, it is not an easy thing for ….But I think,…

4、结尾常用的总结性语言 Admittedly/A conclusion from…, is that…/All in all/As a final comment/At last/At length/Consequently/ Finally/From this point of view/hence/In a word/In berief/In conclusion/In short/In summary/ On account of this,we can find that…/On this background,it's concluded that… to sum up/to summarize

5、结尾要注意的问题，不要犯以下的错误，这些误区不但不能起到辅助文章中心，重申文章主题的作用，反而有害于它。①远离主题 ②空喊口号 Try our best from now on!This is what we should do!③痛下决心 Let's be determined to be hardworking in our new construction process in our modernization development.五、如何发表个人观点

1、表示自己支持的观点 If I were forced to agree with one of the two methods, my choice would be for… I am one of the many people who support the idea of … As far as … concerned, I prefer… For my part,I am a supporter of … I prefer to … because… On the question of … I have for a long time admitted that… when… more often than not,prefer to … Given the factors I have outlined,I believe that… Therefore, I strongly recommend that… I strongly commmit to the notion that… Having weighed up the arguments on both sides, I am inclined to believe that…

2、表示个人反对的观点 Admittedly…,but I think it is advisable that… At first sight/galance, the idea sounds reasonable,but if we take a further look,we can find that it does not hold water.However, although many people…, I feel it's better to … I find the statement of… to be too narrow.Deep down,I disagree with the above statement, and support the superiority of … I can't agree with… I feel such an attitude is negative,and that it can bring only further negative consequences to the soci Contrary to generally accepted ideas, I argue that…

3、表示折衷的观点 The question of whether…is one that has concerned many people.It is held by some people that…However, there is an equally good argument that…From my point of view, both views are reasonable to some extend.Ther is no agreement among people as to…Some people focus on …,while others may think…From my point of view,both views go to extremes and we need a further analysis of their views.六、削弱议论文表现力的误区 议论文不外乎考察两种能力，一种是能否表达并支持自己的观点，另一种是能否在两种观点中选择一种观点并说明其正确性

1、过多主观性语言和议论 在表达个人观点的时候需要特别注意的是，一定要控制好主观性语言在文章中出现的频率。英文写作喜欢用事实说话，让读 者自然而然的得到某种结论，而不是把个人的思维强加给读者。我们只需要在文章开头或结尾处表达自己的立场就可以了，其他的地方需要用客观事实来说话。

2、个人体会作为论据 把个人经验或体会作为文章的主要论据，这样文章就失去了代表性，客观性。不能用自己或自己的身边事来议论。

3、空喊口号，论据不足 事实论据太少，只是空喊口号。有的写作者喜欢表立场，下决心，用政治色彩很浓的词语，都违背以理服人原则。

4、过多使用口语化语言 为增强语言的表现力，议论文中要减少口语色彩的词汇和语言结构的使用。不要总使用if/because/when/don't/can't, 减少I think/you/we/us等表示个人行为语言的频率。使用比较正式的语言，例：cannot do not must not Many people think that--变为使用--many people acknownledged that/hold the view that/maitain that等。

5、其他因素 如缩写形式的使用/人称指代/动词代替动词短语/从句引导词/分词结构与句子的选择/各种句式的选择

第二篇：2018考研英语图画作文写作思路

2018考研英语图画作文写作思路(原创)来源：智阅网

考研英语写作一直是困扰我们的一个难题，今天我们通过分析近几年的考研英语写作真题，总结了图画作文写作的四大步骤，来帮助考生们开拓思路，提高我们的应试能力和写作能力。

相信考生们都了解考研英语一大作文主要考察图画类作文。下面我们总结的图画作文四大写作步骤，一起来学习一下。第一、审题

审题这一步骤是很重要的，只有弄清题目的要求，才知道该如何写作，梳理思路。从2007年之后，题干的要求基本不变，主要是1.describe the drawing briefly;2.interpret its intended meaning;3.give your comments这三大要求，然后我们根据题目的要求来梳理写作思路。一般分为三大段落，第一段描述图画；第二段阐释寓意；第三段发表个人观点评论。第二、第一段写作

既然考察的是图画作文，我们的第一段就要来描述画面，首先我们要观察清楚，是一幅图，还是两幅图。如果是两幅图，是寓意相近的两幅图，还是寓意相反的两幅图。注意要仔细观察，善于思考，注意细节性的东西。无论是哪一种情况，我们都要写四句话。一幅图：

1、直观评价

2、整体描写

3、细节描写

4、过渡句。二幅图：

1、直观评价

2、第一幅图描述

3、第二幅图描述

4、过渡句。第三、第二段写作 要明确第二段的写作内容，我们就要分清题目所考察的话题的类型，一般情况下，考研英语大作文考察的话题类型主要分为：社会问题类话题、社会现象类话题和抽象品质类话题。我们要根据这三类各自的特点，来确定写作的方向和内容。社会问题类话题完全是负面的话题，我们在第二段就要阐述产生这个社会问题的原因；社会现象类话题是分为有利有弊两个方面的，我们就要在第二段写此现象的利弊方面；抽象品质类话题则是完全正面的话题，那我们在第二段就要写这一品质的影响力和作用。第四、最后一段的内容

写作向来讲究画龙点睛，我们最后一段的阐释，就到了点睛的时刻啦。最后一段写作的主要内容也是由所属话题决定的。社会问题类话题最后主要写我们要采取措施解决这个问题。社会现象类话题，写作的方向是：取其精华去其糟粕。抽象品质类话题，则需继续发扬这种品质。

我们讲解的图画作文的写作步骤，是相互承接，密不可分的。只要考生们认真学习我们讲解的步骤，相信拿下考研大作文不在话下，不过很多考生词汇量积累不够，思路匮乏，缺乏知识的积累，没有写作的资源。我们只注重自己的积累，是不够的，我们不妨借鉴一下谭剑波编写的2018《考研英语

（二）写作高分必备》这本书，吸取其中总结的材料和资源，拓展我们的思路，提高我们的写作能力。写作能力的提高不是一蹴而就的，考生们要注重日常的积累，脚踏实地的去学习努力，最后，预祝每一位考生都能取得好成绩

第三篇：大学英语四级作文写作思路

大学英语四级作文写作思路

1.问题解决型写作思路

Ⅰ段.提出问题

Ⅱ段.分析问题（原因/危害）

Ⅲ段.解决问题（建议措施）

Ⅰ.提出问题段落(三句话：引出问题+具体描述+总结问题)

1）引出问题：

首句1.Nobody could have failed to notice the fact that ______ have/has become a grave problem on many campuses/in the contemporary society/in the present day.首句2.There is no denying the fact that + 客观事实（提纲1）.首句3.On many campuses/ In the contemporary society/ In the present-day society/ In recent decades, the shortage of housing is one of the most serious problems with which people are confronted.首句4.Nowadays/In the present-day society/In recent decades, it can be noticed that tuition and fees for college education are much higher than ever before.(比较级引出问题)

2）具体描述：二句1：（事实描述）An increasing number of individuals/people find it difficult/hard/troublesome to _______ and to ______.二句2：（举例描述1）A case in point of this is /A typical example of this is/This phenomenon can be best illustrated by the fact that.（举例描述2）Turning a look around, we can find a great many/plenty of/a good deal of examples like this: 两个例子.(举例描述3)：Our daily life has been filled with a variety of examples：两个例子二句3：（列举描述）Numerous examples can be listed to demonstrate/show/reveal/illustrate this modern-day scourge/problem/conundrum, but the following will suffice: _______.二句4：（调查法描述：）According to a recent survey, a majority/72.34% of people/ students /individuals /citizens /residents admit/reckon /acknowledge that ____

3）总结问题：承上+启下

三句1：（承上）Thus/Therefore/Hence,（启下）how to ______ effectively has become a matter of concern.三句2：（承上）As a result/Consequently/Accordingly，（启下）_____ requires/ necessitates/ calls for close attention of the whole society.三句3:(承上)So,（启下1）due attention should be paid to _____/（启下2）we should keep a weather eye on ____.Ⅱ.分析问题（原因/危害）（四句话：主题句+原因1/危害1+原因2/危害2+原因总结/危害总结）①分析危害：主题句

主题句1：Such ____ are/is bound to generate/engender/result in/ give rise to/ lead to severe/negative/serious consequences/effects/impacts if we keep turning a blind eye.主题句2: Apparently enough, there are some negative impacts with which we should not ignore/neglect.主题句3：Quite obviously, it is great necessity to figure out the negative influences behind it.主题句4：To tackle this problem, it is of great/vital significance to analyze the potential negative impacts of this matter.①分析危害：危害写法危害1：To begin with, it may damage/ hurt/ injure/ harm/ impair/ undermine the _____ of _____.危害2：Moreover,(强调句式)it is _____ that exerts/ produces/ generates bad impact on _____.危害3：In addition/Furthermore/What is worse/Besides, ___ set bad examples to youngsters, leading them to ______.危害4：Then, it is manifest that we are developing ____ at the expense of ______.危害5：If this trend/situation were to continue, it certainly would be a possibility that we will suffer from/ be afflicted with _____.危害6：Besides, it can be argued that _____ means a grave waste of time/energy/natural resources.①分析危害：危害总结

危害总结1：As has been noted, ____ do/does impact our ____ negatively to a large extent.危害总结2：To conclude, it is undeniable that the bad impact of _____ can never be turned a blind eye to.②分析原因：主题句

主题句1：Generally speaking, several reasons can account for this phenomenon.(中性话题)

主题句2：In general, there are several reasons/ factors/ causes/purposes responsible for ____, but the following may be the most critical.（中性话题）

主题句3：Difficult/different as it is, it is evident that the causes of ____ are diverse.主题句4：To address this worrying/disturbing issue, it is of vital significance to determine/explore/ascertain/investigate the possible reasons.②分析原因：原因列举

原因1：In the first place, ______ is the root cause of ______.An illustration of this point would be that _______.(原因+实例说明)

原因2：In the second place, _____ constitute a major cause of ______.Specifically, _______.(原因+具体说明).原因3：In addition,_____ plays a critical role in _____.原因4：Besides, the ___ policy being carried out in ____ enables ____ to ____.原因5:（强调句式）It is _____ that attracts ____ to ___.②分析原因：原因总结

原因总结1：Consequently, ____ has not been emphasized.原因总结2：As a consequence, ____ paid relatively less attention to _____.原因总结3：All in all, ________________.Ⅲ.解决问题（建议措施）(三句=总结+建议1+建议2+展望)

总结句1: In view of the seriousness of the situation, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.总结句2：Therefore/Thus/Hence/Accordingly/To tackle this problem, it is high time that we took feasible steps to stop/limit/restrain this trend.总结句3：People’s ways to solve this problem do vary/differ.（替换：

1.There are a variety of ways in which people can tackle this problem.或2.It is apparent that ways to tackle this issue are various.）Some _____;some ______;some others _____.建议1：It is essential that laws and regulations should be worked out and enforced to ban/support ______.建议2：It is suggested that the public should

enhance/promote/cultivate/strengthen their awareness of ____

建议3：It is absolutely necessary/ important /significant / for ____ to ____

建议4：Secondly, ____ are highly hoped/ expected/ well-advised to ______.建议5：We should educate/advocate/encourage _____ to _____.展望未来1：Only by doing so, can we hope to witness the ideal scenes in which ____ enjoy ____ to the utmost.展望未来2：A promising and hopeful future is just awaiting us if we spare no effort to it.2．观点对比型写作思路

Ⅰ段：现象描述（即引入主题）+ 支持方观点（利）

Ⅱ段：反方观点（弊）

Ⅲ段：我的观点

Ⅰ段（4句）：1句现象描述（即引入主题）+ 1句支持方观点主题句+ 原因（2句）

描述现象1：Living in an era of _____, we are confronted with a variety of ______.描述现象2：Nobody could have failed to notice the fact that more and more _____

描述现象3: In the recent decades, it can be noticed that ____ has/have gained great popularity among _____.现象描述4：It can be noticed that many people – men and women, old and young-_____

现象描述5：There has been much controversy over ____ in the past decades.现象描述6：It is universally acknowledged that ______.现象描述7：The past decades have witnessed the huge advancement of ____.支持方主题句1：Some argue that it is absolutely necessary to ______ because ________.支持方主题句2：A number of individuals favor _____.支持方主题句3：Those who are in favor of ____ claim that ____.支持方观点1：In their eyes, without ____, it is impossible for individuals to ______.支持方观点2：They also point out that _____ will bring great benefit to ____;thus, they will have more opportunities to ____.支持方观点3: What makes them convinced is that ____ is of great value/necessity /significance for them to _____.支持方观点4：In their opinion, _____ will definitely promote the development of _____, which, otherwise, would be impossible.支持方观点5：They firmly believe that ____ will enable them to enrich their social/academic / professional experience and broaden their horizons.支持方观点6：One of the evident advantages/ merits/ strengths/ benefits is that ____ may afford entertainment/pleasure/enjoyable life.Ⅱ段：反方观点（弊）(三句=主题句+反方观点1+反方观点2)

主题句1：Even so, others hold a different view that ____ carries some risks.主题句2：Others, however, regard it differently.主题句3：Advantageous/beneficial/rewarding/good/popular as it is, others have an opposite perspective.主题句4：In spite of all these claims, others maintain that it is unnecessary to ____

反方观点1：_____ means a great amount of time, money and energy;therefore, they may afflicted.反方观点2：To some extent their opinion derives from the fact that ______.反方观点3：In their eyes, ____ calls

for/requires/necessities plenty of time, energy and money;nonetheless, the result/quality is not as satisfactory as expected.反方观点4：In addition, what worries many parents/teachers is that some _____ may exert/generate/have negative influence on _____.For instance, some _____;some _____;some ______.Ⅲ段：我的观点(3句：我的观点+理由+展望未来)我的观点1：In my opinion, the advantages of _____ will far outweigh its/their disadvantages.我的观点2：I, as well as many others, am convinced that _____ will do more good than harm.我的观点3：As a college student, I am firmly convinced that it is necessary for us to ____.我的观点4：（折中型）Who is right? I think there is something right in both arguments.However, what convinces me is that we should ____ firstly.Then, we are also expected to _______.理由句：写法同第一段和第二段

展望未来：同问题解决型展望未来写法。

3．现象描述型写作思路(集团教材)

Ⅰ段：目前存在某种积极的现象或观点

Ⅱ段：该现象或观点的作用、意义

Ⅲ段：呼吁结尾个人打算

第四篇：新材料作文写作思路

新材料作文写作思路

不少同学拿到作文题，常常大脑中一片空白，什么也想不起来。这是没有打开作文思路所致。其实，只要我们讲究方法，审题立意关也就自然容易攻克本文是小编精心编辑的新材料作文写作思路，希望能帮助到你！

新材料作文写作思路

一、置换法。

1.如果所给的作文题目、话题或材料是借喻性质的，那么这时就可使用本体去置换喻体。如山东高考作文题：

请以“春来草自青”为话题，写一篇不少于800字的文章。

要求：①自拟题目。②自定立意。③除诗歌外，文体不限。④文体特征鲜明。

命题人给了我们比喻的喻体，本体呢，思考可知道“春”的本体可以是信心，可以是毅力，可以是机遇，也可以是改革，是友谊，是爱心，是互助，是合作，是诚信，等等。“草自青”的本体可以是欣欣向荣的局面，可以是辉煌的成功，也可以是双赢的结果，等等。我们展开联想，用一个又一个的本体去置换喻体，写什么的问题也就立马解决了。

2.如果所给的作文题目或话题中的相关词语具有多义性，那么这时可用具有单一语义的词语置换具有多义的词语。例如重庆高考作文题：

《现代汉语词典》对“自然”的释义有：①自然界。②自由发展;不经人力干预。③不勉强;不局促;不呆板。……

请以“在自然中生活”为题目，写一篇文章。

要求：①立意自定;②除诗歌外，文体不限;③不少于800字;④不要套作，不得抄袭。

以“在自然中生活”为题目，“自然”怎么理解?这是立意的关键。命题人想我们之所想，给了我们三个义项进行诠释。我们只要用其中的一个义项去置换“自然”，那么也就容易迅速立意，打开思路。如果“自然”是指自然界，那么“在自然中生活”，也就是在自然界中生活，这样我们可以谈环保等。如果“自然”是指自由发展，不经人力干预，那么“在自然中生活”，也就是在自由发展中生活，这样我们可以谈教育中的张扬、发展个性等。如果“自然”是指不勉强，不局促，不呆板，那么该如何理解呢?我们可以通过造句的方式来看一看：态度很自然;他是初次演出，但演得挺自然。这么说来，“在自然中生活”，也就是大大方方，也就是凡事能够深入进去融入其中。明白了这些，我们谈什么，也就一目了然了。

3.如果所给的作文题中含有代词，那么这时可用代词所代的事物去置换作文题中的代词。例如上海(一模)高考作文题：

平常大家关注更多的也许是“我们”，如果把视线转向“他们”，你会看到什么，又会想到什么?请以“他们”为题，写一篇文章。

要求：(1)不少于800字。(2)不要写成诗歌。(3)不得透露个人相关信息。

世界就是由“我们”与“他们”组成的，心中如果只有“我们”，自然世界是不完整的。遗憾的是，现在只关注自己的人太多了，无论何时何地，都是以自我为中心，哪里还有他人?这样的世界，又怎么会是一个和谐的世界。我们把视线转向“他们”，会看到什么?会看到贫穷，会看到富贵，会看到不公，会看到进步，会看到文明，等等。会想到什么?会想到共同富裕，会想到平等，会想到感恩，会想到正义等。“他们”是谁?可以是农民工，可以是干部子弟，可以是下岗工人，可以是一掷千金的大款，可以是沿街乞讨的老人，等等。这么一置换，自然也就打开了思路。

二、补充法。

所谓补充法，是指通过给标题或话题补出相关的句子成分来打开思路的方法。例如安徽高考作文题：

请以“带着感动出发”为题，写一篇不少于800字的文章。

要求：①立意自定。②文体自选。③不得抄袭，不得套作。④不得透露个人相关信息。⑤书写规范，正确使用标点符号。

打开思路，写好“带着感动出发”，需要思考三个问题。一是谁带着感动出发。也就是补出标题的主语，可以是你(你们)，可以是我(我们)，可以是他(他们)。二是什么样的感动，或者说是为什么感动。联系实际，汶川大地震中，老师舍生救学生，我们为之感动;救援人员不怕疲劳，日夜奋战，我们为之感动;群众排队捐款、献血，我们为之感动。具体到个人，温总理第一时间在第一线指挥，我们感动;民警蒋小娟为灾民的孩子喂奶，我们感动。让人感动的原因很多，让人感动的事例很多。三是带着感动出发的结果。带着感动出发，其结果将产生更多的感动，从而使更多的人带着感动出发!

再如广东高考作文题：

请以“不要轻易说‘不’”为题写一篇文章。

要求：①除诗歌之外，文体不限;②不少于800字。

可以通过给标题补充状语的方法来打开思路。不要轻易说“不”，不是不能说“不”，而是不要轻易说。很多时候我们可以策略一些，这并不是要接受、认可，轻易说“不”的结果，往往使我们受到不必要的伤害。比如面对同事、同学、朋友、家人的正当请求，不假思索脱口而出的“不”，往往伤害了他们的自尊心，拉大了与他们的距离，使双方变得越来越疏远。不要轻易说“不”，是智慧的表现，是道德的要求。明白了这些，我们的立意、选材也就有了取舍的空间，写出与众不同的好文章，也就成了一件容易的事。

再如浙江高考作文题：

阅读下面的文字，根据要求作文。

都市和乡村，是我们栖居的空间;都市生活和乡村生活，是我们平凡的生活。当我们从平凡中回望时，每个人都会有不同的感触和期待。

请以“触摸都市”或“感受乡村”为题，写一篇作文，可讲述你自己或身边的故事，抒发你的真情实感，也可阐明你的思想观点。

【注意】①立意自定，角度自选。②除诗歌外，文体不限。③不少于800字。④不得抄袭。

无论是“触摸都市”中的“触摸”，还是“感受乡村”中的“感受”，都是用心去触摸，用心去感受。即给“触摸”、“感受”补充状语。也就是说，我们所写的，应该是都市或乡村中能够在我们心灵的湖泊上激起波澜最起码是涟漪的人、事、物或观点。这样，我们所写才可能充满与众不同的个性，而不是些人云亦云的内容。具有鲜明的个性，能够给人以陌生的新意，自然会让阅卷老师喜欢!

三、扩展法。

例如湖南高考作文题：

阅读下面的文字，按要求作文。

“天街小雨润如酥，草色遥看近却无”是唐代诗人韩愈的名句。诗句的意思是说，在滋润如酥的初春细雨中，春草发芽，远远望去，一片淡淡的绿色，可是走近后，却只见到极为稀疏的草芽，绿色反而感觉不到了。诗句的意境是美的，隐含的哲理也很丰富。它使我们领悟到：置身太近，有时反而感受不到实际存在的东西;要把握某一事物，有时需要跳出这一事物;人对事物的看法与对美的感受同距离是有关系的……其实，生活中的许多事物和现象都含有这两句诗的意境与哲理，关键在于你的观察和体会。

请根据自己阅读诗句所体会到的意境与哲理，联系现实生活，写一篇不少于800字的议论文或记叙文。

【注意】①立意自定，题目自拟。②不要照抄或扩写材料。③所写文章符合文体要求。

如何立意?命题人已经给了我们三个角度，我们可以与现实生活相联系，看哪一个认识深刻，哪一个手头有材料，我们就用哪一个。除此之外，还可以谈从全局把握问题，才能看得清，看得准;还可以谈在思想上先做一个冷静的旁观者，才能搞清事实真相，从而做一个能够正确解决问题的参与者，等等。

再如福建高考作文题：

阅读下面的文字，按要求写一篇不少于800字的文章。

三个人走进商店。一个人买了一瓶果汁，说：“我喜欢甜的。”一个人买了一杯咖啡，说：“我就喜欢这又苦又甜的滋味。”还有一个人买了一瓶矿泉水后说：“我喜欢淡淡的矿泉水。”

五、变换角度法。

一些材料作文，往往需要从不同角度对所给材料进行审视，以发现能够打开我们思路的角度。例如全国Ⅱ卷：

南太平洋的小岛上，有很多绿海龟孵化小龟的沙穴。一天黄昏，一只幼龟探头探脑地爬出来。一只老鹰直冲下来要叼走它。一位好心的游客发现了，连忙跑过去赶走老鹰，护着小龟爬进大海。可是，意想不到的事情发生了，沙穴里成群的幼龟鱼贯而出——原来，先出来的那只幼龟是个“侦查兵”，一旦遇到危险，它便缩回去，现在它安全到达大海，错误的信息使幼龟们争先恐后地爬到毫无遮挡的海滩。好心的游客走了，原先那只在等待时机的老鹰又飞了回来，其它老鹰也跟过来了。

要求：选择一个角度构思作文，自主确定立意，确定文体，确定标题;不要脱离材料内容及含意的范围作文，不要套作，不得抄袭。

看了这则材料，谁也知道游客是好心办坏事。为什么会这样呢?是因为无知。如果知道幼龟是“侦察兵”的话，自然也就不会帮倒忙了。现实生活中这样的事例也不少。文革时期的围湖造田、毁林造田，都是典型。拿现在来说，许多家长不懂教育规律，只抱着为孩子未来着想的美好心愿，对孩子实行棍棒教育，严重违反了《未成年人保护法》，使孩子的身心受到极大伤害。许多地方领导，不懂市场不懂企业，只抱着船大才能抗风浪的观点，盲目要求企业一再扩张，结果使很多企业破产倒闭。

从成群的幼龟这个角度来说，它们没有对得到的信息进行思考，只是绝对相信，才造成了被老鹰叼走的悲剧。这提示我们，要善于动脑思考，综合考虑各种渠道得来的信息，这样才能得出正确结论。如果不是这样，而是听见风就是风，听见雨就是雨，又怎么不会吃亏上当呢?

从老鹰这个角度来说，为了达到目的，即使遇到了挫折，也不放弃，而是在耐心等待时机。如果被游客赶走就不再前来，那么自然也就不能够捕捉到幼龟了。它们不仅在游客走后又来了，而且还耐心等待，结果抓捕幼龟的机会就来了。这对于我们人类来说，不也是一种启示吗?

再如北京高考作文题：

课堂上，老师说：“今天我们来做个小实验。”随后，他拿出一个装满石块的玻璃广口瓶，放在讲台上，问道：“瓶子满了吗?”所有学生答：“满了!”“真的?”老师从桌下拿出一小桶沙子，慢慢倒进去，填满石块的间隙，“满子吗?”学生们若有所思。老师又拿来一壶水倒了进去，直到水面与瓶口持平。“这个实验说明了什么?”老师问道。课堂活跃起来。

一个学生说：“很多事情看起来到达了极限，实际上还存在很大空间。”

一个学生说：“顺序很重要。先放这桶沙子，有此石块肯定就放不进去了。”

一个学生说：“对，得先放石块。有些分量重的东西就得优先安排。”

一个学生说：“也不一定，先沙子和水就一定不行么?”

……

请就以上材料，展开联想，自定角度，写一篇文章。题目自拟，文体自选(除诗歌外)，不少于800字。

自定角度，其实前三个学生所说的就都是很好的立意角度。我们如果对其中的一个有深刻的认识，而且手头还有材料，就不妨直接用一用。

这则材料还说明思维方式很重要，有了独辟蹊径的思维方式，往往看似不能解决的问题也就迎刃而解了;还说明办法总比困难多，只要我们想办法，困难总是能够解决的。这两个立意角度也不错。

再如湖北高考作文题：

阅读下面的文字，根据要求作文。

你走过一棵树，树枝低垂，你是随手把树枝折断丢弃，还是弯身而过?一只长了癣的流浪狗走近你，你是怜悯地避开，还是一脚踢过去?电梯门打开，你是谦抑地让人，还是霸道地推人?一个盲人和你并肩路口，绿灯亮了，你会搀那盲者一把吗?你与别人如何擦肩而过?你怎么从小贩手中接过找来的零钱?你如何低头系上自己松了的鞋带?你，独处时如何与自己相处?

请根据对这段文字的理解，展开联想，思考如何对待自然，如何对待他人，如何对待自己。自选角度，以《举手投足之间》为题写一篇文章。

要求：自定立意，自定文体，不少于800字。

以《举手投足之间》为题，写什么?材料中的八个例子，都小得有些微不足道。可正是这些微不足道，透露了我们思想深处的秘密，这就是我们的修养、道德、文明程度。这么说来，举手投足之间，我们又怎么能不重视?从小处入手，从细节入手，一步一个脚印走下去，我们才能成为一个有修养有道德的现代高素质的文明人。你说是不是呢?

八个例子，前两个是让我们思考如何对待自然，中间四个是让我们思考如何对待他人，最后两个是让我们思考如何对待自己。三种类型，三个思考角度，从哪一个角度切入，展现在我们面前的都是一片海阔凭鱼跃，天高任鸟飞的广阔天地。我们去联想，去思考，写出一篇好文章来也就是水到渠成的事情了。

第五篇：小学作文写作思路

教子有方——会学习懂感恩 成大器

小学语文作文写作思路

1.一个对象，多个角度

首先要确定写作的对象，再分多个角度对写作对象进行深入细致的描写。比如：作文题目——美丽的家乡，属于写景作文，首先确定写作对象是“家乡”，然后可以从自然景观（山川、河流、旅游名胜）、人文景观（建筑、民族节日）等多个角度行文。

2.一个结构，多种顺序

结构就是作文的整体框架，最好是总—分—总的结构；顺序即先写什么，再写什么，常见的写作顺序有：时间顺序、空间顺序、先后顺序、由远及近、由近及远、由高到低等。

比如：作文题目——美丽的汶川。结构上：先总写“我是家乡是有着‘西羌门户’之称的汶川，这是一座美丽的城市。”然后，分别从自然和人文两个角度，突出汶川的山美、水美、人美„„，最后，总结、点题，表达对家乡的热爱之情。顺序上：既可以按时间顺序（春夏秋冬）也可以按空间顺序（不同地方）来写汶川的美。

3.一种文体，多种表达技巧

（1）常见的文体：记叙文(写人、写事)、状物文(景物、动物、植物、物品)、古诗改写、编写童话、看图写作(所给词语编故事)、应用文(书信、日记、建议书）。

（2）常用的表达技巧：正确运用多种修辞手法（排比、比喻、拟人、夸张、对比），作文开头最好用排比句。表现手法（衬托、想象、借景抒情、融情于景）描写手法（外貌描写、语言描写、动作描写、心理描写、细节描写）。④多种标点符号（。！？„„）⑤多种句型（长句、短句、反问句、设问句、感叹句）。

4.一个道理，多种情感

一篇好的作文除了结构合理，语言优美，内容丰富还要讲清楚一个道理，或者表达多种感情。比如：写家乡的美景是为了表达对家乡的喜爱和赞美之情。