口译英汉对照

第一篇：口译英汉对照

The instant messaging craze began in America about five or six years ago when I was in my freshman year of college.美国兴起在线实时信息传递的狂热大约始于五、六年前，那时我刚上大学。

At first I didn’t know what it was about.But it didn’t take long before I was hooked on instant messaging.I began talking on line whenever I could.开始我对什么是网上聊天还一无所知，但我很快就明白了，没多久就对网上聊天着了迷，只要有时间我就网上聊天。

AsI added more and more people to my “buddy list”, others were doing the same.Instant messaging really picked up, and soon “everyone was doing it.”

那时我刚上大学当我把越来越多的人加到我的“网友名单”上时，其他人也在做同样的事。网上聊天真是越来越普遍，很快就“人人为之”了。

I credit my typing skills to many many hours of talking on line.Unfortunately, as my typing speed increased, my grammar went out the window.我的打字技能应归功于长时间的网上聊天。然而令人遗憾的是，当我的打字速度提高后，一切语法规则也丢掉了。

You see, instant messengers have their own shorthand language.Grammar isn't important.要知道，网上聊天有他们自己的速记语言，语法并不重要。Gradually the instant messaging craze in America died down a bit, and so did my own enthusiasm for it.Then I came to China.渐渐地，网上聊天的狂热在美国降了温，之后我就来到了中国。Here I discovered not one but two instant messaging crazes.The first, which brought back memories of my previous addiction to the computer, was QQ.So now the cycle has started again.在这里，我发现对在线实时信息的狂热不是一种而是两种，第一种就是QQ，它让我回想起当年的痴迷。因此，那个循环又重新开始了。In addition to QQ, there is another, perhaps more widespread, messaging trend.You guessed it: cellphone text messaging.For the first few months of my stay in China, I didn't have a cellphone, so I wasn't affected.在QQ之外，还有一种恐怕是更为流行的快速传递信息的潮流，你一定猜到了—手机短信。

I recently bought one, however, and now understand how useful text messaging is and why it is so common.我在中国的头几个月没有手机，也就与之没有关联。但最近我买了一个手机，才知道了手机短信是多么有用，以及其广为流行的原因。I admit that I have been guilty of sending text messages while walking outside or sitting on the subway.Who hasn't? 我承认当我走在外面或坐在地铁里发送短信息时有点不好意思，但有谁不这样做？

No matter where I go, I see people on their cellphones, messaging.In fact, it's rare to see someone actually talking on their phone!

无论我走到哪儿，都能看到人们在手机上收发短信。实际上，倒是很少看到谁拿着手机在讲话。

So it looks as if there's no escaping the instant-messaging craze, no matter where I go in the world.看来，无论我走到世界的什么地方，都无法逃避实时信息传递的狂热。And that's plainly not going to change.显然，这个潮流不会改变。

In the end, though, I can't complain: instant messaging is quick, it's cheap, it's easy and it's pretty darn fun too.And abve all, everybody is doing it.然而，最终我并不对此抱怨。因为实时信息传递又快又便宜，又简单又非常有趣。再说了，每个人都在这么做啊。

对于全世界的华人来说，农历新年，又称春节，是全年最重要的喜庆节日。

To people of Chinese descent around the world, the Lunar New Year(also called Spring Festival)is undoubtedly the most important festival of the year.这个华人传统源自大约3，000年前，它代表着旧的一年平安过去了，人们准备大肆庆祝和迎接新的一年。

Dating back 3,000 years, it celebrates the passing of a peaceful year and welcome the new one.除夕夜的团圆饭是整个年头里最具有意义的一餐。所有大家庭的成员都会聚集一堂，远在他乡的也会尽量赶回来。

The reunion dinner, eaten on New Year’s Eve, is de rigueur, with members of the extended family gathering for the most significant meal of the year.Even the absent members will endeavor to return home in time for it.团圆饭显示了家庭在华人文化里的重要地位，它可以增强家庭凝聚力。

It undercores the superme importance of the family in Chinese culture, and aims at strengthening the sense of togetherness and cohesion.人们庆祝新年的方式，体现了两个重要的核心价值观。The way people celebrate the New Year embodies two important core values.首先，多代同堂的家庭成员，齐聚家中享受一顿丰盛的团圆饭，是每一个人都会遵守的习惯。

The first value is the sense of family togetherness;members of multi-generation families are all there to have a big reunion dinner.Everyone will follow this custom.准备一顿丰富晚餐的工作当然是落在家中女成员的身上，比较富裕的家庭则可能有佣人帮忙。

The female members are always held responsible for preparing the dinner, and some rich families may take on extra hands.其次，亲戚朋友间也会兴高采烈互访。这样的欢庆方式，有助于加强亲情和友情。

The second value lies in the happy visits mutually made between friends and relatives, a good way to strengthen kinship and friendship.然而，经济的发展带来了人们生活方式的改变。

However, economic development has resulted in some changes in lifestyles.忙碌了一年，人们不愿在过年的时候还要忙年夜饭，越来越多的人宁愿花钱在高级的餐馆吃，亲朋好友之间也不再登门拜访，代之以电话、短信拜年。

After a busy year people are tired of preparing for the reunion dinner, and would rather hold their reunion dinner in posh restaurants, despite the exorbitant costs.The festival door-to-door visits have give way to greetings via telephone or text messages.有的举家出游，甚至干脆住进酒店“避年”，避免亲戚朋友造访，图个清净。

Some families even go to extremes as to travel and seek temporary refuge in a hotel as to avoid being visited.有的传统人士认为，没有了团圆饭和亲戚朋友互访的习俗和它们所代表的核心价值观，新年将失去意义。

Some tradition-minded people regard the reunion dinner and visits to relatives and close friends during the New Year as core values, without which the holiday would lose much of its significance.有一些悲观的人士认为随着西方文化的不断入侵，中国的传统佳节都在逐渐失去本来的意义，变成一个个商业性的节日，就像圣诞节一样。

Some pessimistics contend that, as the popularity of western culture grows, Chinese traditional festivals gradually lose their original meaning and degenerate into commerce festivals like Christmas.春节是中华文化遗产的重要部分，新春活动将延续下去，庆祝的形式虽然会和以前不一样，但他们代表的核心价值观，即对亲情和友情的重视则应该保留。

The Spring Festival is an important part of the Chinese cultural heritage, and it would continue to be celebrated.The modes of celebration may change, but the core value should be sustained that of respect for kinship and friendship.de rigueur: means required , standard custom.It makes better sense than to say “ it’s the most important meal in the year.” 显示：to show, to reflect, or to underscore.图个清静：to have the peace of mind, to escape from the crowd 传统人士：conservative or tradition-minded people 庆祝的形式/方式：modes of celebration, ways of celebration 4.3

第二篇：英汉对照

autozero

自稳零 ： 自动归零模式

application [,æpli'keiʃən]

n.应用；申请；应用程序；敷用

time drive

时间驱动

scan [skæn]

n.扫描；浏览；审视；细看

conc

n.浓度；adj.浓缩的（等于concentrated）

inst

安装；设置；

autosave ['ɔ:təuseiv]

v.自动保存

Sample info

样品信息 ；采样信息

identity [ai'dentəti]

n.身份；特性；代号

ordinate ['ɔ:dinət,-neit]

n.纵座标；[数]纵线

baseline correction

基线校正

curve [kə:v]

n.曲线；曲线图表；曲线拟合；曲线类型

intercept [,intə'sept]

vt.拦截；截断；窃听n.拦截；[数]截距；

number of revolution

[机] 旋转次数；转数；重复测定次数

response [ri'spɔns]

n.响应；反应；回答

use exipedition calibration

利用已存的标准曲线

enter calibration edit

修改、校准标准曲线

recalibration[ri'kæli'breʃən]

n.[仪] 再校准；重新校准已存标准曲线

output ['autput, ,aut'put]

n.输出，输出量；产量；出产

number of samples to average

样本数取平均数

replace [ri'pleis]

vt.取代，代替；替换，更换；

delete [di'li:t]

vt.删除

第三篇：国家领导人演讲英语口译集锦 英汉对照

在庆祝香港回归祖国五周年大会暨香港特别行政区第二届政府就职典礼上的讲话

中华人民共和国主席 江泽民

同胞们，朋友们：

五年前的今天，我代表中央政府，在这里宣告中国政府恢复对香港行使主权，中华人民共和国香港特别行政区正式成立。今天，我们再次聚会，隆重庆祝香港回归祖国五周年。我代表中央政府和全国各族人民，向香港各界人士致以亲切的问候！向新就任的香港特别行政区第二任行政长官董建华先生和第二届政府主要官员、行政会议成员，表示衷心的祝贺！

香港回归祖国以来的五年，是“一国两制”由科学构想变为生动现实的五年，也是董建华先生领导特别行政区政府团结香港各界人士不断克服困难、奋力前进的五年。香港回归后不久，就遇到了亚洲金融危机的严重冲击和国际经济环境变化的不利影响。在中央政府的有力支持下，特别行政区政府沉着应对，香港各界人士携手努力，妥善处理了一系列社会和经济问题，保持了香港大局的稳定。今天的香港，“一国两制”、“港人治港”、高度自治方针得到全面落实，原有的资本主义制度保持不变，广大居民继续以自己习惯的方式生活。香港仍然保持着自由港的特色和国际贸易、金融、航运中心的地位，继续被公认为亚洲乃至全球最具发展活力的地区之一。事实充分证明，“一国两制”是完全行得通的，董建华先生及其领导的特别行政区政府是具有驾驭复杂局势的智慧和能力的，香港人是完全能够治理好香港的。

香港回归祖国以来的五年，也是我们在贯彻“一国两制”方针的实践中不断积累经验的五年。“一国两制”是一项全新的事业，需要中央政府、特别行政区政府和广大香港同胞一道实践和探索。五年来我们所获得的经验和体会，归结起来，就是在任何情况下都必须全面正确地贯彻“一国两制”方针和香港特别行政区基本法，全力支持行政长官和特别行政区政府依法施政，切实加强香港各界人士在爱国爱港旗帜下的广泛团结，努力保持社会的稳定和谐与经济的繁荣发展。只要坚持这样做，我们就一定能够不断克服前进道路上的各种困难，“一国两制”事业就一定能够取得更大成功。

从“一国两制”构想的提出，到这一构想在香港成功地付诸实践，经历了一个不平凡的过程。邓小平先生是“一国两制”事业的奠基人，他以伟大政治家的智慧和胆略，创造性地提出了“一国两制”的科学构想，为完成祖国和平统一大业打开了切实可行的道路。解决香港问题的中英谈判，具有开创意义的香港特别行政区基本法的起草，都是在他的直接关心和指导下完成的。香港进入后过渡期，国际局势发生了重大变化，但我们始终坚持“一国两制”方针不动摇，有条不紊地完成了恢复对香港行使主权的各项工作，实现了香港的平稳过渡。回顾这段历程，我们深感香港今天的局面来之不易。祖国的日益发展强大，是香港顺利回归和回归后成功贯彻“一国两制”方针的根本保障，也是保持香港社会和经济长期稳定繁荣的坚强后盾。

现在，世界多极化和经济全球化趋势深入发展，科技进步日新月异，综合国力竞争日趋激烈，国际局势正在发生深刻的变化。我们必须适应这种新的形势，更好地推进我国的发展。经过二十多年的改革开放和现代化建设，我们国家的综合国力大幅度增强，人民生活总体上达到小康水平。进入新世纪，祖国内地进入了全面建设小康社会、加快推进社会主义现代化的新的发展阶段，正在实施现代化建设的第三步战略目标。我们要紧紧抓住新世纪初的战略机遇期，与时俱进，开拓创新，继续把改革开放和现代化建设不断推向前进。今后五到十年，也是香港经济和社会发展的关键时期。香港特别行政区政府和各界人士同样要以与时俱进的精神，积极进取，努力创造香港更加美好的未来。这里，我想提出三点希望。

第一，希望香港各界人士更好地适应香港回归后的发展形势，当好香港和我们伟大祖国的主人。香港回归一周年庆典时，我曾经说过，香港的回归是香港历史的一个重大转折，每个香港人，都在经受这一历史转折所带来的时代变化的检验。只有顺应这一历史转折，真正认识当家作主的责任，才能以主人翁的姿态去认真谋划香港的发展和未来。广大香港同胞不仅是香港特别行政区的主人，也是国家的主人，应该不断增强国家观念和民族意识，自觉维护祖国的安全和统一，维护祖国和民族的整体利益。实现中华民族的伟大复兴，最终完成祖国统一大业，是全体中华儿女的共同心愿。包括香港同胞在内的所有中国人，都应该自豪地投身这一伟大事业，努力作出无愧于祖国、无愧于民族、无愧于时代的贡献。

第二，希望香港特别行政区行政、立法、司法机关不断提高施政和执法水平，更好地为社会为公众服务。要进一步落实行政主导体制，行政、立法、司法机关要按照香港特别行政区基本法的规定，各司其职，各负其责，要顺应社会进步和经济发展的要求，更好地保障香港公众的整体利益，共同造福社会。各级公务员尤其是高层官员，都应该自觉服从和维护行政长官的领导，同心同德，进取有为。社会各界人士应该在爱国爱港的旗帜下加强团结，支持行政长官和特别行政区政府依法施政，集中力量解决好一些关系香港未来社会和经济发展的重大问题。我相信，只要特别行政区政府同广大香港居民和衷共济，发挥各阶层之智慧，凝聚全社会之力量，就一定能够把香港的事情办好。

第三，希望香港特别行政区政府和社会各界人士坚定信心，自强不息，努力开创香港经济发展的新局面。要始终高度重视香港的经济发展。香港经济过去的发展，都是香港同胞把握机遇，因应外部环境，发挥自身优势，自我调整和创新的结果。香港未来的经济发展，也仍然要靠特别行政区政府和社会各界人士不懈探索，奋力开拓。在当前情况下，既要正视香港经济存在的困难和问题，更要看到香港仍然拥有的许多优势。香港具有较强的经济实力和国际竞争力，高度自由开放的经济体制和比较完备的法律制度，以及良好的营商环境和广泛的国际市场联系。尤其重要的是，香港有一支素质较高的公务员队伍，有一大批成功的企业家和各行各业的优秀人才。这些都有利于香港在未来的竞争中赢得成功。祖国广阔的腹地、快速发展的经济和日益提高的国际地位，也必将为香港的发展提供得天独厚的有利条件。中央政府将继续支持和帮助香港恢复和发展经济。我相信，只要香港同胞发扬长期以来艰苦创业、勇于拼搏的优良传统，香港经济就一定能够不断焕发出新的生机和活力，就始终有着光明的发展前景。

香港回归以来，我每一次来香港，每一次与香港各界人士接触，都感到非常亲切。香港永远是祖国的一颗璀璨明珠。我衷心希望香港发展得更好，衷心祝愿这块土地上的所有居民生活得更加幸福美满！

谢谢大家。

President Jiang Zemin's Speech at Hong Kong's 5th Anniversary Celebrations Dear Compatriots and Friends，Five years ago today, I declared here, on behalf of the CentralGovernment, the resumption of the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong by the Chinese Government and the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China.Now we are gathered here once again to celebrate the fifth anniversary of Hong Kong's return.Let me extend, on behalf of the Central Government and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country, our most cordial greetings to the people of various circles in Hong Kong and our heartfelt congratulations to Mr.Tung Chee Hwa, the newly-appointed second Chief Executive of the Hong Kong SAR, the principal officials of his second term and members of the Executive Council.The past five years since Hong Kong's return to the motherland saw “one country, two systems” being translated from a scientific concept into a vivid reality and the SAR Government under the leadership of Mr.Tung Chee Hwa making remarkable progress by closing ranks with the people in Hong Kong and overcoming one difficulty after another.Shortly after its return, Hong Kong was struck by the Asian financial crisis and some ominous turns of events in the global economy.With the strong support of the Central Government, the SAR Government took on the challenge calmly and, together with the people of all circles in Hong Kong, properly resolved a series of social and economic problems, thus maintaining the overall stability in Hong Kong.Today, the policies of “one country, two systems,” “Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong” and a high degree of autonomy have been implemented in an all-round way, and the capitalist system and thelifestyle that Hong Kong residents are accustomed to have remainedunchanged.Retaining the status as a free port and international center of trade, finance and shipping, Hong Kong continues to enjoy the reputation as one of the most dynamic regions in Asia and the world as a whole.Facts have shown convincingly that “one country, two systems” is entirely workable, that Mr.Tung Chee Hwaand the SAR Government under his leadership have the talent and ability to sit on top of complicated situations and that Hong Kongpeople are fully capable of administering Hong Kong successfully.The past five years also saw us continuously enriched with experience of implementing the policy of “one country, two systems.” “One country, two systems” is a brand new cause, which calls forjoint endeavor by the Central Government, the SAR Government and our compatriots in Hong Kong.To put in a nutshell, what we have learnt in the past five years is that the policy of “one country, two systems” and the Basic Law of the Hong Kong SAR must be implemented in a comprehensive and accurate manner under any circumstances, that full support must be given to the Chief Executive and the SAR Government in their administration under thelaw, and that effective efforts must be made to strengthen the broad-based unity of the Hong Kong people under the banner of loving the country and loving Hong Kong, and to maintain a stable and harmonious society and a prosperous and growing economy in Hong Kong.As long as we persist in so doing, we will surely surmount all difficulties on the road to progress and the cause of“one country, two systems” will surely achieve even greater successes.From its inception to its successful implementation in Hong Kong, the concept of “one country, two systems” went through an extraordinary process.Mr.Deng Xiaoping was the founder of this great cause.In a display of the wisdom, creativeness and bold vision of a towering statesman, he laid down this scientific concept and thus blazed a feasible way for the peaceful reunification of the motherland.It was under his personal attention and direct guidance that the China-UK negotiations on the settlement of the Hong Kong question and the drafting of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, which was of a trail-blazing significance, were brought to fruition.In the face of major changes in the international situation as Hong Kong entered the latter half of the transitional period, we persisted with the policy of “one country, two systems,” systematically went about various preparations for the resumption of exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong and achieved a smooth transition.In reviewing this process, we feel all the more strongly that what has become of Hong Kong today has not come by easily.Indeed, it is the growing prosperity of the motherland that ensured the smooth return of Hong Kong and its successful implementation of “one country, two systems” thereafter.It also provides a reliable backing for the long-term social stability andeconomic prosperity in Hong Kong.At present, the trends towards a multi-polar world and economicglobalization are developing in greater depth.With rapid advancement of science and technology and increasingly fierce competition in countries' overall national strength, the international situation is undergoing certain profound changes.Wemust adapt ourselves to such new circumstances and do still a better job in promoting our national development.Thanks to two decades of reforms, opening-up and modernization drive, China's overall national strength has increased substantially and the Chinese people on the whole have enjoyed a comfortable living standard.In the new century, China's mainland has entered into a new stage of development, a stage of building a well-off society across the country and expediting the socialist modernization while fulfilling the third-phase strategic objectives of our modernization program.We must firmly grasp the strategic opportunity at the early 21st century, keep abreast with the timesand press ahead with continued reform, opening-up and modernization.The next five to ten years are crucial for Hong Kong's economic and social development.The Hong Kong SAR government and the people of all circles are therefore required toalso keep abreast with the times, work hard and bring about an even better future for Hong Kong.To this end, I would like to express a few hopes.First, I hope the people of all circles in Hong Kong will do still a better job in adapting themselves to the new Hong Kong after 1997 and become better masters of Hong Kong, and of our great motherland too.At the first anniversary of Hong Kong's return, I said that this important turn of history had put every Hong Kong compatriot to a test, and only those who could comply with the historical changes and had a genuine understanding of their new responsibilities could seriously get down to the shapingof Hong Kong's future role as masters of their own house.Our HongKong compatriots are not only masters of the Hong Kong SAR, but also of the country.They should, therefore, keep enhancing their sense of the country and of the nation, make conscious efforts to safeguard the security and unification of the motherland and endeavor to defend its overall interests.The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the eventual reunification of the motherland is the common aspiration of all Chinese.Everyone, including our Hong Kong compatriots, should devote oneself to thislofty cause with contributions that will make the country, the nation and the times really proud.Second, I hope the executive, legislative and judicial bodies of the Hong Kong SAR will constantly improve their job performanceso as to provide better services to the public and society.The executive-led structure should be further strengthened.The executive, legislative and judicial offices should go about their respective terms of references in accordance with the Basic Law, and do a better job in ensuring the overall interests of the Hong Kong citizens and serving the Hong Kong society by following the demand for social progress and economic development.Civil servants at all levels, especially ranking officials, should conscientiously submit themselves to and support the leadership ofthe Chief Executive, work with one heart and strive to achieve fresh successes.People from all walks of life should close ranks under the banner of loving the country and loving Hong Kong, support the work of the Chief Executive and the SAR government andget to grips with solving some major issues bearing on the future social and economic development in Hong Kong.I am confident that as long as the SAR government and Hong Kong residents could work together, giving full play to the talent of all social sectors while pooling the strength of the entire Hong Kong society, they will surely succeed in taking good care of Hong Kong.Third, I hope the SAR Government and the Hong Kong people in general will strengthen their confidence and work persistently towards a new economic landscape in Hong Kong.It is always important to watch Hong Kong's economy closely.Hong Kong's past economic successes were the results of Hong Kong people's ability to adjust and innovate, to seize the opportunities and to adapt tochanging external environment while putting their own advantages to the best use.Hong Kong's future economic successes will still require the unremitting exploration and hard work of the SAR Government and the people of all circles.Given the current circumstances, it is all the more important not to lose sight of the main advantages of Hong Kong while acknowledging its current economic difficulties and problems.With a fairly strong economy and considerable competitive edge, Hong Kong is well-known in the world for its highly open and free economic structure, a fairly complete legal system, a sound business environment and extensive links with the world markets.What is more, Hong Kong has a contingent of high-quality civil servants, large numbers of successful entrepreneurs and an array of professional talents.Allthis will contribute to Hong Kong's successes in future competitions.The vast hinterland of China, its rapidly growing economy and rising international stature will also provide Hong Kong with highly favorable conditions for its development.The Central Government will continue to support and help Hong Kong in its economic recovery and development.I am confident that as longas our Hong Kong compatriots carry forward their fine traditions of courage, industry and enterprise, Hong Kong's economy will retain its famed dynamism and be always blessed with a bright future.Ever since Hong Kong's return to the motherland, I have always felt an intense warmth every time I visited Hong Kong or met with personages from Hong Kong.Hong Kong is forever a shinning pearl of our motherland.Let me wish her an even better future, and all the residents here a happier and more successful life!

Thank you all.中国代表团团长、外交部长唐家璇在第五十七届联大一般性辩论上的讲话

主席先生：

请允许我对你荣任本届联大主席表示衷心的祝贺。相信你会在广大会员国的支持下，出色完成所担负的使命。同时，我对韩升洙先生在担任上届联大主席期间所作的贡献表示感谢。

借此机会，我对瑞士联邦加入联合国表示祝贺，对东帝汶民主共和国即将加入联合国表示欢迎。

主席先生，本届联大开幕,正值“9·11”事件一周年。一年来，各国人民通力合作，国际反恐斗争取得积极进展，有力地打击了国际恐怖主义势力。此时此刻，我们不仅应深入思考如何铲除恐怖主义这一国际公害，还应从更宽广的视角，审视人类面临的安全问题，寻求实现世界持久和平与普遍安全的有效途径。

当前，国际安全形势正在发生深刻变化：

安全的内涵不断扩大。由领土、资源、民族矛盾等因素引发的军事对抗与冲突尚未消除，以恐怖主义为代表的各种非传统安全问题又日见突出。安全问题不再是单纯的军事问题，已经涉及政治、经济、金融、科技、文化等诸多领域。

安全已不再是“零和”游戏。安全的共性明显增强。各国的共同安全利益上升，相互依存加深。

安全的手段需要更新。单一的军事手段不足以应对纷繁复杂的安全挑战。滥用武力只会使世界更不安宁。

在新形势下，维护安全要有新观念。我们提倡树立以互信、互利、平等、协作为核心的新安全观。

互信，是指超越意识形态和社会制度异同，摒弃冷战思维和强权政治心态，互不猜疑，互不敌视。各国应经常就各自安全防务政策以及重大行动展开对话与相互通报。

互利，是指顺应全球化趋势发展的客观要求，各国应在维护本国利益的同时，互相尊重对方的安全利益，在实现自身安全利益的同时，为对方安全创造条件，实现共同安全。

平等，是指国家无论大小强弱，都是国际社会的一员，应相互尊重，平等相待，不干涉别国内政，推动国际关系的民主化。

协作，是指以和平谈判的方式解决争端，并就共同关心的安全问题进行广泛深入的合作，消除隐患，防止战争和冲突的发生。

总之，新安全观的宗旨是，通过对话增进相互信任，通过合作促进共同安全。

正是本着新安全观的精神，中国努力推动地区安全对话合作机制的建设，高度重视并积极参与上海合作组织和东盟地区论坛，和本地区国家一道，致力于建立一个对话而非对抗的亚太安全框架。

中国积极推进国际军控、裁军与防扩散进程，支持在普遍参与和非歧视性的基础上，巩固和加强国际防扩散机制。最近，中国政府颁布了《导弹及相关物项和技术出口管制条例》以及管制清单，出口管理工作法制化建设迈出新的一步。在不久的将来，中国政府还将进一步完善生物及化学两用品的出口管理体制。中国支持国际社会采取有效措施，防止外空武器化的危险。

新安全观是可行的，有效的。我们呼吁国际社会就此达成广泛的共识，积极开展对话与合作，共同解决当前的重大安全问题：

－－我们要继续推进国际反恐合作，从根本上抑制国际恐怖主义的威胁。

反恐应遵循国际法和国际关系的基本准则，发挥联合国和安理会的主导作用；应实行综合治理，消除滋生恐怖主义的根源。要防止任意扩大打击范围，同时坚决打击一切证据确凿的恐怖势力，包括接受塔利班和“基地”组织训练、武装和资助的“东突”恐怖组织等，不让恐怖分子再有逞凶的机会。

－－我们要进一步促进对话与和解，推动地区热点问题的解决。

我们对以巴暴力冲突深表关注。中国支持巴勒斯坦人民恢复合法民族权利、建立自己国家的正义事业，支持联合国安理会有关决议和“土地换和平”原则。我们反对针对无辜平民的暴力活动，不赞成以暴易暴。巴勒斯坦人民和以色列人民都有在和平中生活的权利，彼此和平共处才能求得真正的安全。

我们主张政治解决伊拉克问题。联合国在此问题上应发挥重要作用。伊拉克应当认真、严格地执行安理会的有关决议。

我们希望印度和巴基斯坦两国在相互尊重和平等的基础上早日恢复对话，以和平方式解决包括克什米尔问题在内的所有分歧。

我们对近一年来阿富汗局势的积极发展感到高兴。中国愿同国际社会一道，为阿富汗的持久和平与战后重建作出建设性努力。我们支持联合国在这方面发挥重要作用。

－－我们要加强不同文明之间的交流与对话，防止文明对抗或冲突的发生。

世界文明丰富多采，多样化的文明之间存在差异，这是人类社会的一个基本特征。无视文明多样性的客观现实，挑动不同文明之间的敌视和对立，与当前和平与发展的时代要求格格不入。企图在全世界推行一种观念、一种文化，否定各国的独特传统和自主选择，与国际关系民主化的潮流背道而驰。

文明的差异不是世界冲突的根源，而是世界融合的起点。人类对客观世界和自身的认识发展到今天，理应以宽广的胸怀和开阔的视野善待不同文明的成果，在尊重差异的基础上推动交流。以兼容代替排斥，以对话代替对抗，以融合代替冲突，相互取长补短，实现共同发展。唯有如此，世界才会有和平与安宁，人类文明才能走向更加辉煌的未来。

主席先生，和平与发展相辅相成。世界的持久和平与普遍安全，只能建立在国际社会共同繁荣的基础上。今天人类面临的种种问题，追根溯源，大都离不开发展问题。我们要应对这些挑战，最重要的是靠发展。

一年来，联合国就发展问题举行了一系列重要会议，回顾了二十世纪九十年代以来联合国各项发展倡议的执行情况，提出了今后的行动纲领。特别是本月初闭幕的可持续发展世界首脑会议，制定了国际社会实现可持续发展的新的路线图。现在需要的是把规划和承诺落到实处。

一年来，区域经济合作继续呈现良好势头，成为各国在全球化背景下协作互补、共同发展的有效途径。我们对非洲联盟的成立尤其感到欣喜，相信非洲人民必将在发展的道路上迈出新的历史性步伐。

当前，推动发展的因素更加活跃。现代科技日新月异，给人类社会的进步提供了新的强大动力。经济全球化深入发展，使各国各地区都面对不进则退的选择，参与国际竞争、加快自身发展的要求与日俱增。

我们面临的发展任务更加紧迫。世界财富增加、贫富差距却在扩大的情况亟待改变。金融风险加剧、经济社会动荡频仍的情况亟待改变。经济发展与资源、环境的矛盾日益尖锐的情况亟待改变。国际秩序和规则不能公平反映发展中国家需求的情况亟待改变。人类共同发展的目标，还远远没有实现。

在新形势下，实现发展要有新思路。我们主张：

－－建立面向发展的全球伙伴关系。各国政府、国际组织、跨国企业、民间团体，都是参与人类发展事业的一方，应当为落实联合国千年发展目标并肩行动。南方与北方之间，受援国与国际援助机构之间，应是互利互惠、平等合作的伙伴关系。今天对发展中国家的援助，就是对人类共同未来的投资。当前世界经济增长放慢，发展中国家遇到的困难增多，发达国家应在金融、贸易、技术转让和发展援助等方面帮助它们排忧解难，并加快落实减债承诺。新一轮多边贸易谈判应该成为建立新型伙伴关系的重要契机。

－－推动经济全球化的均衡、稳定发展。任凭市场法则主导全球化，不利于全球经济的健康发展。国际社会有必要改革国际经济规则，加强对全球化进程的引导和管理，在追求效率的同时兼顾公正，降低风险，引导全球化朝着有利于各国共赢、共存的方向前进。

－－增强发展中国家自我发展的能力。发展中国家需要从本国国情出发，选择适合自身的发展道路。要把发展置于优先的地位，在保持稳定的同时，积极推动改革与开放，利用一切有利的国际条件，努力跟上世界经济发展的潮流。国际社会应尊重发展中国家自主选择发展道路的权利，并且在机制建设、人员培训、竞争力开发等领域提供帮助。

－－坚持走可持续发展的道路。经济发展必须有利于资源的永续利用，有利于生态系统的良性循环。我们应当推进经济与人口、资源、环境的协调发展，实现经济效益、社会效益与环境效益的有机结合。要加强国际合作，将解决各国面临的问题和解决全球环境问题结合起来，共同推进人类的可持续发展事业。

－－促进人的全面发展。人类进步事业的出发点和最终归宿，都在于人的全面发展。人力资源是推进科技进步，实现经济和社会发展的第一资源。各国在制定发展战略时，应当奉行以人为本、人民受益的原则，以全面提高人的素质、改善人民物质文化生活为目标。

联合国在维护世界和平、实现普遍安全、促进共同发展方面具有不可替代的作用。《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则有着强大的生命力。我们应当充分发挥联合国的作用，推进国际关系民主化，努力争取人类光明的未来。

主席先生，不久，中国共产党将召开新世纪的第一次代表大会－－第十六次全国代表大会。这次大会将以与时俱进的精神，站在时代潮流的前列，为加快中国社会主义现代化建设勾画新的蓝图。

我们的指导思想是始终代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益。

我们的历史任务是推进现代化建设、完成祖国统一、维护世界和平与促进共同发展。

新世纪的头一、二十年，对中国来说，是发展的重要战略机遇期。我们要把发展作为第一要务，抓住机遇，深化改革，扩大开放，促进发展，保持稳定。

我们将提出发展的新思路，取得改革的新突破，实现开放的新局面。

我们将继续推进市场取向的改革，调整和完善所有制结构，进一步解放和发展生产力。

我们将注重依靠科技进步和加强管理，提高经济增长质量；注重实施可持续发展战略；注重地区、城乡协调发展和社会全面进步。

我们将把加入世界贸易组织作为新的起点，在更大范围、更广领域、更高层次上参与国际经济技术合作和竞争，拓展经济发展空间，全面提高对外开放水平。

我们将发展社会主义物质文明，建设社会主义政治文明，弘扬社会主义精神文明。

我们将继续奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，在和平共处五项原则的基础上，积极发展与世界各国的友好合作关系。我们将继续致力于世界持久和平与各国共同发展，推动国际对话与合作，为国际秩序更加公正合理作出建设性的贡献。

主席先生，世界上只有一个中国，大陆和台湾同属一个中国，中国的主权和领土完整不容分割。实现国家统一，是我们坚定不移的立场和不懈奋斗的目标。

1995年1月，江泽民主席就现阶段发展两岸关系、推进祖国和平统一进程提出八项重要主张。从那时以来，两岸经贸关系迅速发展，人员来往日益增加。两岸人民、海外炎黄子孙，以及世界上所有对中国人民怀有善意的人们，都为我们长期努力的成果感到欣慰，为中国和平统一的前景感到鼓舞。

然而，台湾当局却想方设法阻挠两岸关系的发展，“台独”势力在分裂的道路上越走越远。近来，台湾当局领导人公然把两岸关系歪曲为“一边一国”，这充分暴露了其顽固坚持“台独” 立场的真面目，是对包括台湾同胞在内的全体中国人民的公然挑衅，也是对国际社会公认的一个中国原则的公然挑衅。

求和平、求发展、求安定，希望改善和发展两岸关系，是台湾的主流民意。台湾当局领导人罔顾民意，鼓吹“台独”，把极少数顽固“台独”分子的图谋强加给广大台湾人民，是将台湾引向灾难，是对两岸人民安全与福祉的最大威胁，也是亚太地区和平与稳定的破坏因素。

中国政府坚持“和平统一、一国两制” 的基本方针，致力于推进两岸经贸合作和人员往来。我们坚决反对任何“台独” 活动，决不允许任何人以任何方式把台湾从中国分裂出去。一切“台独” 行径都注定要失败。中国的统一大业一定能够完成。

谢谢。

Statement by H.E.Tang Jiaxuan, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China, and Head of the Chinese Delegation, at the General Debate of the 57th Session of the United Nations Gener

Mr.President，First of all, please allow me to offer my warmest congratulations on your assumption of the Presidency of current Session of the United Nations General Assembly.I am confident that with the support of the broad members of this great organization, you will fulfill your mandate with flying colors.At the same time, I wish to express my gratitude to Mr.Han Seung-soo for the contributions he made as the President of the last session of the UN General Assembly.Also, I wish to take this opportunity to congratulate the Swiss Confederation on its accession to the United Nations and welcome the Democratic Republic of East Timor who will soon become a UN member.Mr.President，The opening of this UNGA Session coincides with the first anniversary of the September 11th incident.Thanks to the vigorous cooperation among the people of various countries over the past year, the international campaign against terrorism has made positive headway, dealing heavy blows to the forces of terror around the world.We have come to the moment when we should not only ponder on ways to eradicate the global scourge of terrorism, but take a broader view of the security issue facing mankind and seek more effective ways to achieve lasting peace and universal security in the world.At present, the international security situation is undergoing profound changes.Security has begun to take on wider connotations.While military antagonism and conflicts triggered by territorial, resources, ethnic and other disputes remain unremoved, a variety of non-traditional security concerns represented by terrorism have become increasingly prominent.Security is no longer a pure military concern.It has permeated politics, economy, finance, science, technology, culture and many more areas.Security is no longer a zero-sum game.Its mutuality is obviously on the increase as countries have come to share more in their security interests and feel a greater sense of interdependence.There needs to be an overhaul in our tools to achieve security.Military means alone has proved inadequate in meeting massive and complicated security challenges.Indiscriminate use of force can only lead to greater trouble in our world.The new situation calls for new ideas in safeguarding security.We in China stand for a new security concept which features mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and cooperation.By mutual trust, we mean that countries should rise above their differing ideologies and social systems, abandon the Cold-War mentality and power politics mindset, and refrain from misgivings and hostility against each other.Instead, they should go in for frequent dialogues and briefings on their security and defense policies or the major actions they are about to take.By mutual benefit, we mean that a country, in keeping with the objective requirements of the development of globalization, should respect the security interests of others while pursuing the interests of its own, help create conditions for the better security of others while making itself more secure, thus achieving universal security.By equality, we mean that every country, big or small, strong or weak, is a member of the international community.All countries should respect each other, treat each other as equals and refrain from interfering in each other's internal affairs, so that international relations will become more democratized.By cooperation, we mean that countries should resolve their disputes through peaceful negotiations, carry out extensive and deep-going cooperation on their shared security concerns and help eliminate hidden dangers and prevent wars and conflicts from happening.All in all, our new security concept is aimed at increasing mutual trust through dialogue and promoting common security through cooperation.It is in the spirit of this new security concept that we in China have been working hard to promote the mechanisms for regional security dialogue and cooperation, cherishing and actively participating in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the ASEAN Regional Forum and endeavoring, together with other countries in the region, for the establishment of an Asia-Pacific security framework geared to dialogue, rather than confrontation.China is actively committed to international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation process and supports the consolidation and strengthening of international non-proliferation regimes on the basis of universal participation and non-discrimination.Not long ago, the Chinese Government promulgated the Regulations on Export Controls of Missiles and Related Items and Technologies and its Control List, which marked a fresh step forward in bringing about rule of law in our export control work.The Chinese Government will complete further improvement on its export management mechanisms for biological and chemical dual-use items in the near future.China supports the international community in taking effective measures to prevent the dangerous trend of weaponization in outer space.Our new security concept is both workable and effective.We call upon the international community to reach a broad consensus thereon and jointly tackle the major security concerns of the day through vigorous dialogue and cooperation.We should press ahead with international cooperation against terrorism and check the threat of international terrorism once and for all.Counter-terrorism should be pursued on the basis of international law and norms governing international relations, allowing the UN and its Security Council to play a leading role.It should follow a comprehensive approach with focus on eliminating the root causes of terrorism.Efforts should be made to prevent the arbitrary enlargement of the scope of counter-terrorism campaign, but proven terrorist forces, including the East Turkestan terrorist forces which have been trained, armed and bankrolled by the Taliban and Al Qaeda, must be resolutely stamped out, denying them any opportunity to wreak havoc of society again.We should step up dialogue and reconciliation and facilitate settlement of regional hotspots.We are deeply concerned about rising violence in Israel-Palestine conflict.China supports the Palestinian people in their just cause to regain legitimate national rights and establish their own state.We support the relevant UN Security Council resolutions and the principle of land for peace.We are opposed to violence targeted at innocent civilians and reject trading violence with violence.Both the Palestinian and the Israeli people have the right to live in peace, and genuine security can only be achieved through peaceful coexistence.We stand for a political settlement of the Iraqi issue.The United Nations should play an important role in this regard.Iraq should implement the relevant Security Councuil resolutions in a faithful and strict manner.We hope that India and Pakistan will soon resume dialogue on the basis of equality and mutual respect and resolve all their differences, including that over Kashmir, through peaceful means.We rejoice at the positive developments in Afghanistan over the past year or so.China is ready to join the international community in working constructively for lasting peace in Afghanistan and its post-war rehabilitation.We support the UN in playing its important role in this regard.We should strengthen exchanges and dialogues among different civilizations and keep them from coming into conflict or confrontation.Our world is home to rich, colorful and diverse civilizations, which differ from one another.And such diversity is a basic characteristic of humanity.To ignore this objective fact, or to stir up hatred and confrontation among different civilizations is inconsistent with the requirements of our times for peace and development.Trying to impose on the world only one idea and one culture while denying the unique traditions and independent choices of various countries runs counter to the tide of democratization of international relations.Different civilizations do not cause conflicts in the world, rather, they provide a starting point for a more integrated global village.Mankind has come a long way in getting to know itself and the planet it inhabits.We have every reason to treat the achievements of the various civilizations kindly with an open mind and a broad vision, and promote exchanges among them on the basis of respect for diversity.Let exclusion be replaced by tolerance, confrontation by dialogue, conflict by integration.Every one is encouraged to draw upon the strength of others with a view to realizing common development.This, in our view, is the only way to a peaceful and tranquil world, a way that gives all human civilizations a more rewarding future.Mr.President，Peace and development go hand in hand.Lasting peace and universal security can only be achieved on the basis of common prosperity in the entire international community.Many a problem we face today may have its roots found in the area of development.In coping with these challenges, it is all the more important to look to development for answers.In the past year, the UN has held a series of important meetings on development, which reviewed the implementation of the various UN initiatives for development since the 1990s and put forward programs of action for the future.In particular, the World Summit on Sustainable Development which ended earlier this month laid down a new roadmap for the international community's endeavor at sustainable development.What is needed right now is to translate the programs and commitments into reality.In the past year, regional economic cooperation has continued to show a sound momentum

and

become

an

effective

channel

for mutually-complementary cooperation and common development by countries against the backdrop of globalization.We feel especially happy about the launching of the African Union, convinced that the people of Africa will take fresh historical strides on the road to development.At present factors making for greater development are all the more active.Thanks to rapidly advancing science and technology, new and more powerful driving force has been made available for human progress.With the surging economic globalization, countries and regions are all faced with a choice: forging ahead or being driven back.Their desire to accelerate development through greater participation in international competition has never been stronger.Our tasks of development have become more pressing.The situation where greater world wealth is accompanied by a widening wealth gap, must be reversed.The state of higher financial risks and frequent economic and social volatility must be redressed.The sharpening clashes between economic development on the one hand and resources and environment on the other must be allayed.The international order and the rules of the game, which cannot fairly reflect the needs of developing countries, must be changed.The goal of common development for the entire human community remains largely elusive.The new situation calls for new lines of thinking.Our propositions are as follows:

Establishing a global partnership geared to development.Governments, international organizations, transnational corporations, and non-governmental groups are all parties to the cause of development and should work together for the implementation of the UN's millennium development goals.Between the South and the North, the aid recipient countries and international aid institutions, there should be a partnership characterized by mutual benefit, equality and cooperation.Assisting the developing countries today is to invest in the common destiny of all human beings.With the global economic slow-down, the developing countries are sustaining greater difficulties.The developed countries ought to lend them a helping hand in such areas as finance, trade, technology transfer and development aid and make good on their debt relief promises without delay.The new round of multilateral trade talks should be seized as an important opportunity for forging such a new partnership.Promoting a balanced and steady development of economic globalization.It would not be in the interest of a sound world economy if the laws of the marketplace were given a free rein to dominate globalization.The international community needs to reform the current rules in the world economy, strengthen guidance and management of the globalization process, take account of fairness and reduce risks while seeking efficiency, and steer globalization in an “all-win” direction of coexistence.Strengthening developing countries' capacity for self-development.The developing countries should opt for a development path suited to their own national conditions.Always giving top priority to development, they can carry out reforms and opening-up while preserving stability and use every possible international condition in their favor to catch up with the tide of global economic development.The international community should respect the right of the developing countries to independently choose a development path and provide them with assistance in areas such as institution building, personnel training and competitiveness development.Persisting in the course of sustainable development.Economic development must be able to serve sustainable exploitation of resources and a virtuous cycle of the ecosystem.We should promote a balanced development of the economy, population, resources and environment with a view to an organic integration of the economic returns, social well-being and environmental benefits.We should step up international cooperation, combine efforts to address environmental problems of individual countries with those to tackle global concerns, and promote the cause of sustainable development of mankind with our concerted endeavor.Enhancing an all-round development of the people.Both the starting point and the ultimate goal of human progress lie in the all-round development of the people.Human resource is the primary resource in advancing science and technology and in realizing economic and social development.In formulating development strategies, countries should make the people their top priority and the main beneficiary, bearing in mind the goals of comprehensive enhancement of people's quality and constant improvement of their material and cultural life.The United Nations plays an irreplaceable role in safeguarding world peace, ensuring universal security and promoting common development.The purposes and principles of the UN Charter have a strong and abiding staying power.We should give full play to the role of this world body, promote a democratized pattern of international relations and spare no effort in the quest for a bright future of mankind.Mr.President，The Communist Party of China(CPC)will soon hold its 16th National Congress, the very first in the new century.Standing in the forefront of the historical tide and displaying a spirit of progressing with the times, this Party Congress will draw out a new blueprint for accelerating socialist modernization in China.Our guiding thought is to consistently represent the development requirements of China's advanced productive forces, represent the orientation of China's advanced culture, and represent the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people.Our historical mission is to accelerate the modernization drive, complete the reunification of the motherland, to maintain world peace and promote common development.The first 10 to 20 years of this century present China an important strategic window of opportunity for its development.While taking development as our No.1 priority, we must grasp the opportunities, deepen reform, open the country still wider to the outside world, promote development and maintain stability.We will put forth new ideas for development, make fresh breakthroughs in our reform and bring about a new situation in our openness to the outside.We will press ahead with our market-oriented reforms, readjust and improve the structure of the ownership system, and further emancipate and develop the productive forces.We will focus on higher quality of economic growth through science and technology upgrading and improved management, stress the implementation of the strategy of sustainable development, and attach importance to a balanced approach to development among different regions and between urban and rural areas, with a view to promoting the all-round progress of society.We will take our WTO membership as a fresh start, take part in international economic and technical cooperation and competition in a more sophisticated fashion in more areas, and expand the scope of our economic development by comprehensively raising the level of our openness to the outside.We will develop a socialist material civilization, cultivate a socialist political civilization and carry forward a socialist spiritual civilization.We will continue to pursue an independent foreign policy of peace and actively develop friendly relations and cooperation with all countries in the world on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence.We will dedicate ourselves to lasting world peace and common development of all countries and facilitate international dialogue and cooperation, thus contributing constructively to a fairer and more equitable international order.Mr.President，There is but one China in the world.Both the mainland and Taiwan belong to that one China and China's sovereignty and territorial integrity brooks no division.Achieving national reunification is our unswerving stance and a goal of our unrelenting efforts.In January 1995, President Jiang Zemin made an eight-point proposal on how to develop cross-Straits relations and promote a peaceful reunification of the motherland for the current stage.Since then, cross-Straits trade and economic ties have grown rapidly with personnel exchanges increasing with each passing day.The people on both sides of the Straits, the overseas Chinese communities and all those around the world who wish the Chinese people well are reassured by the achievements of our long-standing efforts and encouraged by the prospects of China's peaceful reunification.However, the Taiwan authorities have gone out of their way to block the development of cross-Straits relations as the forces for “Taiwan independence” lurched further down the separatist road.A few weeks ago, the leader of the Taiwan authorities flagrantly described the state of cross-Straits relations as “one country on each side”, which revealed his true colors as someone who obstinately clings to “Taiwan independence”.This is an open provocation not only against the entire Chinese people, our Taiwan compatriots included, but also against the one China principle universally recognized by the international community.The mainstream public opinion in Taiwan features peace, development, tranquility and better and closer ties with the mainland.The leader of the Taiwan authorities, however, has turned his back on the public opinion, and by preaching “Taiwan independence” and imposing the design of the handful of separatist diehards on the Taiwan people, he will lead Taiwan to disaster.This represents the biggest threat to the security and welfare of the people on both sides of the Taiwan Straits, and also a disruptive factor to peace and stability in the Asia-Pacific region.Adhering to the basic policy of “peaceful reunification and one country, two systems”, the Chinese Government has worked hard to promote cross-Straits trade, economic cooperation, and personnel exchanges.We are firm in our opposition to all forms of “Taiwan independence” activities, and will tolerate no one to separate Taiwan from the rest of China in any fashion.All acts of “Taiwan independence” are doomed to failure and our grand cause of national reunification will triumph.Thank you.在可持续发展世界首脑会议圆桌会议上的讲话

（中华人民共和国国务院总理 朱镕基）

主席先生：

今天，我很高兴有机会与各位一起，共同探讨世界可持续发展领域的问题。各位刚才的发言充满智慧，深受启发。如何使这次会议的行动计划和大家的承诺真正落实，不仅直接关系到本次会议的成效，更关系到人类社会的未来发展。

中国作为世界上人口最多、国土面积最大的发展中国家，高度重视可持续发展问题。我们在处理经济发展与人口、资源、环境的关系方面，有以下几点体会：

――坚持经济发展与资源、环境保护相协调。作为发展中国家，首要的任务是发展经济，消除贫困。经济不发展，人民生活改善和环境治理就没有物质基础。但发展经济绝不能以破坏环境、浪费资源为代价。不注重资源、环境保护，经济不可能实现持续发展。

――坚持以人为本的发展道路。发展经济、保护环境，都要着眼于提高人民生活水平和质量，着眼于人的全面发展和长远发展。要努力开创生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路。

――坚持依靠科技进步和加强管理。科学技术特别是高新技术，是可持续发展的强有力支撑。要围绕增强可持续发展能力，不断增加科技投入，加强环境基础设施建设，采用清洁生产工艺，发展环保产业，完善资源和环境管理体系。通过改革体制，完善机制，健全法制，推动可持续发展战略的有效实施。

――坚持积极参与环境与发展国际合作。当今世界，一个国家的经济发展和环境保护，离不开国际交流与合作。通过开展双边、多边的国际环境合作，一方面承担责任，履行承诺；另一方面，可以引进资金、先进技术和管理经验，增强本国可持续发展能力。

主席先生，实现全球可持续发展，是世界各国的共同任务。发达国家和发展中国家都应承担义务，但发达国家负有更大的责任。全球可持续发展战略能否得到实施，相当程度上取决与里约环发大会确定的?共同但有区别的责任?原则的落实情况。过去十年，在这方面既有进展，也有挫折，有些承诺没有得到认真履行。中国政府认为，国际社会应继续以这一原则为指导，争取在环境与发展领域的国际合作方面取得更大进展。我们呼吁：

（一）加强发展中国家可持续发展能力建设。国际社会应积极支持发展中国家走自主发展道路，以各国的多样化发展，推动全球可持续发展战略的实现。发达国家应在解决本国环境问题的同时，向发展中国家提供技术咨询、人员培训、机制建设等方面的帮助。教育在促进可持续发展方面具有极其重要的作用，国际社会应采取有效行动，帮助发展中国家提高教育发展水平，以增强公众的可持续发展意识和素质。

（二）多渠道动员各种资金用于可持续发展。充足的资金是各国执行《21世纪议程》的必要条件。发展中国家受到经济发展水平的制约，资金短缺。我们希望发达国家在提供资金和技术转让方面采取有效行动，兑现承诺。今年初，在蒙特雷召开的国际发展筹资会议，在向发展中国家提供资金援助问题上取得了可喜进展。希望联合国和有关国际机构加强协调，确保这次筹资会议的成果得到落实。

（三）大力推进国际科技与贸易合作。发展中国家扩大出口贸易，有利于提高经济发展水平更好地保护环境。应改变目前以保护环境为借口、限制发展中国家产品出口的现象。要充分理解发展中国家在贸易、技术转让等领域面临的困难，消除贸易和技术壁垒。

主席先生，实施可持续发展战略，涉及经济、社会发展和人口、资源、环境的诸多领域。我们应该真诚合作，讲求时效，做好各项工作。特别是要优先解决广大发展中国家所关心的贫困饥饿、水源短缺、城市空气污染、水土流失、能源和健康等问题，国际社会应理解和支持发展中国家在这些问题上的合理要求。这样，也才能够最终实现全球可持续发展的目标。

谢谢主席先生。

Speech by H.E.Zhu Rongji, Premier of the State Council of The People's Republic of China at Round Table of World Summit on Sustainable Development

Mr.Chairman，Today I am delighted to be with you here to discuss issues relating to global sustainable development.The speeches of previous speakers were full of wisdom and most enlightening.The question of how to implement the plan of action of this summit and to honor our commitments in real earnest bears not only directly on the success of the summit, but even more on the future of human society.As the world's largest developing country in terms of population and land area, China attaches great importance to sustainable development.In handling the relations between economic development and population, resources and environment, we have learned the following from experience:

----Emphasis on harmony between economic development and resource and environmental protection.The primary task of developing countries is to develop the economy and eradicate poverty.Without economic growth, there would be no material basis for a better life or better environment for the people.But economic growth must not be achieved at the cost of environment or resources.In the absence of proper resource and environmental protection, there could be no sustainable economic development.----Adherence to the road to human-oriented development.Economic development and environmental protection are both aimed at improving the level and quality of people's life and ensuring an all-round and long-term development of human beings.We should strive to find a civilized road to development featuring higher productivity, a well-to-do life and sound ecosystem.----Continued reliance on scientific and technological advancement and stronger management.Science and technology, hi-tech in particular, gives strong backing to sustainable development.We should focus on enhancing our capacity for sustainable development, further increase our input in science and technology, intensify our efforts in the development of environmental infrastructure, apply clean manufacturing technology, develop the industry of environmental protection and improve the resource and environment management system.We should improve the mechanisms and the legal system through institutional reforms so as to facilitate the effective implementation of sustainable development strategies.----Continued active participation in international environment and development cooperation.In today's world, a country could not fully ensure its economic development and environmental protection without international exchanges and cooperation.Through bilateral and multilateral cooperation in environment across the world, it could introduce capital, advanced technology and managerial expertise to enhance its capacity for sustainable development, while assuming responsibilities and honoring commitments.Mr.Chairman，To realize global sustainable development is a common task for all countries.Both developed and developing countries should undertake obligations.However, developed countries should shoulder greater responsibilities.The implementation of the global sustainable development strategies hinges, to a considerable extent, upon the materialization of the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities” set forth at the Rio Conference(UNCED).In the past decade, there have been both progress and setbacks in this regard.Some commitments have not been honored in earnest.The Chinese Government maintains that the international community should strive to make greater headway in international cooperation on environment and development under the continued guidance of this principle.Now we wish to make the following appeal:

1.Efforts should be made to enhance the capacity building of developing countries for sustainable development.The international community should vigorously support their efforts in taking their own road to development, so that the diversified development of countries will help realize global sustainable development strategies.Developed countries, while resolving their own domestic environmental problems, should assist developing countries in such areas as technical consultancy, personnel training and mechanism building.As education plays a vital role in promoting sustainable development, the international community should take effective action to help developing countries improve their level of education so as to enhance the awareness and the quality of the general public with regard to sustainable development.2.Multiple channels should be utilized to raise funds of all kinds for sustainable development.Adequate financial resources are a prerequisite for the implementation of Agenda 21 by various countries.Constrained by their level of economic development, developing countries lack financial resources.We hope that developed countries will honor their commitments by taking effective action in respect of financing and technology transfer.At the International Conference on Financing for Development held in Monterrey early this year, gratifying progress was made on the question of giving financial assistance to developing countries.It is hoped that the UN and other relevant international agencies will step up coordination and ensure the materialization of what was achieved at the conference.3.Great efforts should be made to boost international cooperation in science and technology as well as trade.More exports from developing countries will help spur economic development and lead to better protection of the environment.It is imperative to remove restrictions currently imposed on exports from developing countries under the pretext of environmental protection.It is essential to fully understand the difficulties facing developing countries in such fields as trade and technology transfer and to remove trade and technical barriers.Mr.Chairman，To carry out the strategy of sustainable development involves the economy, social development, population, resources, environment and many other fields.We should cooperate with one another in all sincerity, stress practical results and do a good job in every sector of work.Above all, we should give priority to resolving such issues as poverty, hunger, shortage of water resources, urban air pollution, soil erosion, energy and health, which are of concern to the vast number of developing countries.The international community should understand and support the reasonable requests of developing countries on these issues.Otherwise it would be impossible to ultimately achieve the goal of global sustainable development.Thank you, Mr.Chairman.唐家璇外长在中国与东盟对话会议上的讲话

（斯里巴加湾）

尊敬的哈桑外长阁下，尊敬的贺南洪外长阁下，各位同事：

很高兴再次出席中国与东盟对话会议。中国与东盟对话进程自1991年开始以来，见证了双方关系的迅速发展，也为增进双方友好与合作做出了应有的贡献。

东盟各国与中国山水相连、隔海相望，我们同属发展中国家，都面临发展经济的共同使命。发展与东盟各国的睦邻友好合作，维护稳定的周边环境，是中国外交的重要立足点之一。中国政府也高度重视发展与东盟组织的关系，始终不渝地支持东盟的发展。一个团结、稳定和繁荣的东盟不仅符合东盟自身的利益，也符合中国和整个地区的利益。我们高兴地看到，在经历金融危机以来的一系列打击后，东盟组织再次焕发出活力。

经过我们双方多年的共同努力，中国与东盟关系已经步入稳定发展的成熟阶段。尤其是过去的一年，双方关系保持快速发展势头，并取得突破性进展，与此同时，中国与东盟合作的地区效应也明显扩大，成为推进东亚合作的一条主线。但无论从双方发展的实际需要看，还是从适应国际和地区形势的新发展看，我们都有必要进一步提升双方政治关系，充分挖掘经贸领域潜力，并进一步拓展新的合作领域，从而使中国与东盟关系富有更广泛而深远的意义。

一、加强政治互信，促进睦邻友好。

一年来，中国国家主席江泽民、全国人大常务委员会委员长李鹏、国务院总理朱镕基、国家副主席胡锦涛分别出访东盟一些国家，10余位东盟领导人相继访问中国。这些互访和接触加深了相互理解与信任，为开展全方位合作，促进中国与东盟关系的发展创造了有利的政治环境。

今年是东盟成立35周年，我们支持并赞赏东盟长期奉行的《东南亚友好合作条约》的宗旨和原则，正在积极研究加入该条约的法律程序。中国对加入《东南亚无核武器区条约》继续持积极态度。中国与东盟已就?南海地区行为准则?进行了四轮磋商，取得了一些积极进展。对目前仍然存在的问题，中方的态度是灵活的，也是开放的，愿与有关各方进行对话和磋商。相信在有关各方的共同努力下，双方能尽早就此达成一致。

二、以建设自贸区为契机，全面深化经济合作。

自去年11月双方领导人宣布就建立自贸区达成共识后，工作层磋商已于今年5月开始。自由贸易区建设产生了明显的促进效应，有力地推动了双方经贸合作的发展，带动了各种形式自贸区的探讨。今年上半年，双方贸易额达到235.5亿美元，比去年同期增长18.7％。双方相互投资也大幅增加。

中国与东盟自贸区对我们双方来说，都是一件具有历史性意义的大事。需要我们超越谈判中的具体问题，从双方关系的全局和长远发展出发，予以全力支持。

三、充分发挥各自优势，加强发展合作。中国与东盟关系的发展，有赖各自的发展和繁荣，也需要我们加强对各自发展战略的支持。因此，中国支持东盟一体化进程，支持东盟缩小内部发展差距。中国已宣布向老、柬、缅三国提供特别优惠关税待遇，我们希望在印尼召开的?东盟一体化发展合作论坛?能取得成功。同时，中国也在实施?西部大开发?战略和?走出去?战略，我们也希望东盟积极参与和配合。

四、进一步加强在地区和国际事务上的协调。随着中国与东盟关系的地区影响日益明显，双方在地区合作上的协调更显重要。中国支持东盟在东盟地区论坛（ARF）、东盟与中日韩（10＋3）等机制中继续发挥重要作用，愿与东盟共同努力，推动这些机制顺利向前发展。我们赞赏东盟在反恐方面采取的一系列措施，愿和东盟加强包括反恐在内的打击跨国犯罪合作。中国加入世贸组织后，我们双方还可以在推动建立公正合理的世界贸易体制和国际经济秩序方面进一步加强合作。

－－确定重点合作领域推动了双方合作不断深化。去年底，双方领导人将农业、信息通讯、人力资源开发和湄公河合作开发等确定为新世纪初的重点合作领域，为这些领域的合作带来新的活力。农业中长期合作备忘录将于今年签署，信息产业合作正在跟上，其他领域的合作也在蓬勃开展。

－－新的机制为双方合作提供了坚实支撑。中国与东盟商务理事会于去年11月成立，双语商务网站已正式开通，为双方工贸企业合作提供了指导和便利。去年是中方向中国与东盟合作基金增资500万美元后的第一年，基金资助落实了10个合作项目，是双方建立全面对话伙伴关系以来落实合作项目最多的一年。

各位同事，在此，我愿就此谈几点想法：

今年底，第六次中国与东盟领导人会议将在柬埔寨金边举行。这是推动中国与东盟关系迈出新步伐的又一次契机。为使会议取得新的成果，我希望双方共同努力，争取在以下三个方面达成共识：一是正式启动自贸区谈判。我们希望双方能于9月前完成中国-东盟全面经济合作框架协议，为领导人会议正式启动双方自贸谈判打下基础。二是全面启动湄公河流域开发与合作。我们应以年底大湄公河次区域领导人会议为契机，全面规划双方在湄公河流域的合作。三是全面启动非传统安全领域的机制化合作。中国愿在马、菲、印尼签署的打击跨国犯罪合作协定的基础上，与东盟开展有效合作。

过去一年，中国经济继续保持快速健康发展，国内生产总值增长7.3%，达到1.16万亿美元。外汇储备2122亿美元，外贸进出口总额突破5000亿美元。今年上半年，中国经济增长率达到7.8%，进出口总额2707.1亿美元，同比增长12.3%。我们对全年实现7%的经济增长目标充满信心。中国的发展是对亚洲和世界的贡献。作为中国的邻国和重要的贸易与投资伙伴，东盟将首先从中国的发展中获益。中国的发展不是挑战，更不是威胁，而是新的发展机遇。中国愿与东盟在互利共赢的基础上，加强全方位合作，促进双方关系更上新台阶。

谢谢！

Speech by Foreign Minister Tang Jiaxuan at the ASEAN-China Dialogue

(Bandar Seri Begawan)

Dear Colleagues:

It is a delight for me to attend the ASEAN-China Dialogue once again.Since its launch in 1991, the China-ASEAN dialogue process has witnessed the rapid development of our bilateral relations and made its due contribution to the enhanced friendship and cooperation.The past year has seen profound changes in international and regional situation as well as rapid growth of China's relations with ASEAN countries.There have been constant exchanges of high level visits, markedly increased mutual trust in the political arena and continuously strengthened economic cooperation and trade.Despite volatility in the international economic environment as a result of the financial crisis in 1997, the bilateral trade volume between China and ASEAN countries has maintained an average annual growth rate of 15%.Our bilateral trade volume in the first half of this year reached 23.55 billion US dollars, representing an increase of 18.7% over the same period of the previous year.Galvanized by the growth of bilateral ties, China's overall relationship with ASEAN has attained a new momentum of development.At the China-ASEAN summit held at the end of last year, the two sides reached important consensus on establishing a free trade area within the next 10 years and made agriculture, ICT, human resources development and the development of Mekong River Basin their key areas of cooperation at the beginning of the new century.Last year marked the first year after China's appropriation of an additional 5-million US dollars to the China-ASEAN Cooperation Fund.As a result, 10 new projects of cooperation got implemented, representing a record-breaking increase.The establishment of China-ASEAN Business Council has also added a new mechanism of cooperation.All these have not only further substantiated China-ASEAN Partnership of Good Neighborliness and Mutual Trust, but have also testified to the huge potential and bright future of China-ASEAN cooperation.Now, I wish to share with you my views on how to keep the momentum of development of China-ASEAN ties and further expand and deepen our cooperation this year so as to better cope with the changed situation:

1.To comprehensively launch the negotiations on the free trade area to promote economic relations and trade between the two sides.Negotiations between China and ASEAN on the free trade area began at the working level in May this year.Two rounds of negotiations have already been held and the third round is currently underway in Thailand.Generally speaking, the negotiations have been progressing smoothly.For both China and ASEAN, such negotiations are the first ever in history.It is thus only natural that difficulties and problems might occur in their process.The establishment of the free trade area is a major political decision made by the leaders of our two sides which bears directly on the overall interests of China-ASEAN relationship and long-term interests of both sides.It can also serve as a role model for promoting cooperation in East Asia, it is therefore imperative that our two sides give it full support to ensure a smooth launch of the negotiations.I am confident that as long as the two sides follow the principle of equality and mutual benefit and adopt an attitude of mutual understanding and accommodation, we will be able to solve various problems in the negations and lay a solid foundation for the signing of Framework Agreement on China-ASEAN Comprehensive Economic Cooperation at the Summit at the end of this year as well as for the formal launch of free trade area negotiations at the beginning of next year.2.To comprehensively launch the development of the Mekong River Basin to promote ASEAN integration.The development of Mekong River Basin is one of the key areas of cooperation between China and ASEAN at the beginning of the new century.The first summit meeting of the Great Mekong Sub-region to be held by the end of this year will map out mid-term and long-term plans for the all-round development of the region.The Chinese side is working hard together with various parties concerned for the success of this meeting.China has been committed to the integral and comprehensive development of the Mekong River Basin, and cooperation in the upper Mekong River will not be carried out at the cost of the countries in the lower reaches.The Chinese side has vigorously supported and participated in the ASEAN integration process.Last year, we announced special preferential tariff treatment towards Laos, Cambodia and Myanmar.We support the construction of Kunming-Bangkok highway and Kunming-Singapore railway.We wish the Initiative for ASEAN Integration Development Cooperation Forum to be held in Indonesia next month a success.3.To comprehensively launch the cooperation in non-traditional security areas to deepen China-ASEAN relations.China's cooperation with ASEAN in non-traditional security areas has already got off to a good start.The two sides established a cooperation mechanism on fighting illegal drugs in October 2000.China, Laos, Myanmar and Thailand held a four-state ministerial meeting on fighting illegal drugs in Beijing in August 2001 and issued the Beijing Declaration.China is taking an active part in the AIDS control and prevention program in the Mekong River Basin and will host an AIDS Lab Networking Construction training course for ASEAN countries.Non-traditional security issues such as terrorism are becoming all the more pronounced after September 11, posing a real threat to regional and international security.It is thus imperative that China and ASEAN step up our cooperation in this regard.We appreciate the joint statement on fighting terrorism issued at last year's ASEAN summit and support the Agreement on Information Exchange and Establishment of Communication Procedures among the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia.All these demonstrate the resolve of countries in this region to brave the challenges of non-traditional security problems.The Chinese side is ready to carry out concrete cooperation with ASEAN on combating transnational crimes on the basis of these statement and agreement.At the present stage, it is necessary to focus on effective intelligence exchange mechanism and exchange and training of law-enforcement officials.To push for an all-round China-ASEAN cooperation, cooperation should also be expanded in other areas.This year, we will enter into memorandum of understanding on medium-and long-term agricultural cooperation.The MOU on the cooperation in the field of information industry is also being discussed.Moreover, our two sides boast huge cooperation potential in such fields as transportation and communication and tourism.Besides Mekong River development, the Chinese side wishes to take an active part in other sub-regional cooperation programs within ASEAN, for instance, in the East ASEAN Growth Area.Dear Colleagues，Deepened cooperation should be based on mutual trust in the political field.The Chinese side supports and appreciates the purposes and principles enshrined in the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia which has long been followed by ASEAN.Right now, we are actively looking into the legal procedures on acceding to the Treaty.We continue to be positive on joining the Treaty on Southeast Asia Nuclear Weapon Free Zone.Four rounds of negotiations have been held between China and ASEAN on the Code of Conduct in the South China Sea, yielding positive progress.We hope that further progress will lead to an early consensus between the two sides.Next, please allow me to brief you on China's development.In the past year, China's economy maintained a rapid and sound growth, with an increase of 7.3% of its GDP that reached 1.16 trillion US dollars.Our foreign exchange reserve amounted to 212.2 billion US dollars and total foreign trade volume exceeded 500 billion US dollars.China's membership in the WTO added new vitality to its development.In the first half of this year, the growth rate of China's economy reached 7.8% and its foreign trade volume totaled 270.71 billion US dollars, representing an increase of 12.3% over the same period of last year.We have every confidence of attaining the goal of a 7% economic growth rate for this year.China's development is not only its intrinsic need, it also contributes to the development in Asia and the world at large.As a neighbor and trade and investment partner of China, ASEAN will be the first to benefit from China's growth.Some leaders of ASEAN member states have acknowledged China's economic achievement and its contribution to the regional economy in their recent statements, emphasizing that China's growth means new development opportunities instead of challenges.We appreciate these remarks.China is prepared to strengthen its multi-dimensional cooperation with ASEAN on the basis of mutual benefit and win for all so as to bring our bilateral ties to a new high.Thank you!

Mayor Xu Kuangdi Discusses Shanghai's Growth

上海市长徐匡迪在财富论坛上就上海的发展的讲话

Distinguished Participants and Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, It is a great honor for Shanghai to be chosen by the FORTUNE Global Forum as the venue for its annual meeting and to have so many CEOs of renowned international corporations, important personages from the political circles, specialists and scholars at this grand meeting.Here I would like to extend, on behalf of the Shanghai Municipal People's Government and the 13 million local citizens, warm welcome to all the distinguished guests present.The FORTUNE Global Forum is holding this annual meeting in Shanghai at a time when the People's Republic of China jubilantly celebrates her 50th anniversary.Over the past half a century, earth-shaking changes have taken place in this country under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.As a member of the big family of the socialist motherland, Shanghai has also scored brilliant achievements in its development.Since the start of reform and opening up, in particular, Shanghai has, seizing the historical opportunity of Pudong development and opening up and with great enthusiasm and in the spirit of seeking truth, being pragmatic and being bold in making innovations, made exploration in the establishment of a new system of socialist market economy and quickened its pace of building infrastructure.It has made firm steps toward its goal of becoming a modern economic center.Now, please allow me to brief you on the development of Shanghai since the start of the 1990's.Sustained Rapid Economic Growth.Shanghai's GDP growth averaged 12.6 % annually from 1992 to 1998 and it is expected to hit 10% this year.In 1998, the city realized a GDP of 368.8 billion yuan, with per capita exceeding 3,400 USD, calculated at the current exchange rate.Stronger Service Sectors.The tertiary industry with finance, commerce, trade, transportation, communications and real estate as its major sectors is fast rising, which is a powerful driving force behind the economic growth of the city.Today, the industry contributes equally with the secondary industry to the economic growth and in terms of the size of work force employed the two are also about the same.The import and export through the port of Shanghai accounts for about one fifth of the nation's total.There are 2, 450 financial institutions in the city, of which 62 are foreign ones and among them 19 are engaged in RMB business with approval.And the city is a major trading center now, where a number of markets including securities, foreign exchange, technology and metals have taken shape and their business operations cover all parts of the country.Fundamental Change in Economic Operational Mechanism.The era characterized by a highly centralized economy has ended following unremitting efforts of exploration in the course of reform.Today, the enterprises in Shanghai are fully independent producers and operators on the market and the prices of 97% of the industrial products, agricultural products and means of production are set by the market.The social security system embracing old-age pension, unemployment and medical care with a coverage of 98% has been established.Housing commercialization has picked up pace, with over one fourth of the residents owning their housing now.All these testify to the fact that a new economic operational mechanism of allocating resources through the market has taken shape.Remarkable Improvement in Infrastructure.The city put in a total investment of 240 billion yuan in urban infrastructure in the twenty years from 1979 to 1998, about 40 times that of the previous 30 years combined.Over 90% of this investment was made in the last eight years.A full-scale renovation of the old urban districts has been going on and a large number of municipal works, public facilities, transportation and communications equipment have been put up.A vertical transportation network in downtown Shanghai comprised of elevated roads and elevated, ground and underground rail lines has taken shape.A modern communications network covering the whole city and linking other parts of the country and overseas has been built, while large-scale construction of an information port is under way.The port handles 10,000 TEU a day and planning on a new deepwater port is in full swing.And the first phase of the Pudong International Airport has been completed and put into operation.Further Opening to Foreign Countries and Regions.Businessmen from over 80 countries and regions had invested in nearly 20,000 projects in the city by the end of June this year, with total contracted capital coming to 37 billion USD.A large number of famous transnationals have chosen Shanghai to be their base for developing market in China.Of the top 100 industrial corporations in the world, 59 have invested in Shanghai.The Pudong New Area, after 10 years of development now, is home to a big number of domestic and foreign financial institutions, foreign trade companies and high-tech projects.The decade of the 1990s has been a period witnessing most brilliant achievements in development in the history of the city.The people of Shanghai cherish full confidence in the future of their city.At present, we are drawing up a blueprint for a new round of development.We plan to use 10 years' time to lay a solid foundation for turning our city into an international economic center.To realize this goal, we will make vigorous efforts in the following five areas.Speeding up Pudong Development and Expanding Opening to the Outside World.The State has recently introduced policies on expanding opening in the service and trade sectors, allowing the foreign banks in Pudong doing RMB business on a trial basis to extend their business to the two adjacent provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang.Shanghai will grasp firmly this opportunity to further improve its investment and service environment and fully bring into play the function of the Lujiazui Financial and Trade Zone in Pudong to extend service and business to more areas.It will also attract more domestic and foreign financial institutions, regional headquarters of international corporations, investment companies and high-tech enterprises to Pudong.Accelerating the Building of a Mechanism of Innovation and Improving the Ability at Technological Innovation.Shanghai is one of the cities of China with a concentration of universities and scientific research institutions.In pursuing technological innovation, we will strive to give play to this edge.We will create a policy environment encouraging enterprises and individuals to go in for scientific and technological innovation and establish and improve a market mechanism of integrating the enterprises, universities and scientific research institutions so as to increase the city's power of technological innovation.Stimulating Consumption and Promoting Steady Economic Growth.The Central Government has introduced a series of policies designed to stimulate consumer demand since early this year.Shanghai is earnestly implementing these policies.We believe that such measures as increasing the residents' income, improving the social security systems, speeding up the upgrading of industries and expanding consumer credit in housing, educational, and tourist consumption will surely promote consumption and ensure a virtuous circle of the economy.Intensifying the Reform of State-owned Enterprises(SOEs)and Improving the Modern Enterprise System.The just-concluded Fourth Plenary Session of the 15th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has pointed out the direction for the reform and development of the SOEs.Shanghai will continue to improve and standardize the reform of incorporation of the SOEs, encourage diversified investment and establish and improve the modern enterprise system in an effort to increase the competitive power of the SOEs on the market and the strategic realignment of assets through the market.It will also speed up the training of a contingent of highly qualified managers.Stepping up Environmental Treatment and Pursuing Sustainable Development.Shanghai will firmly carry out a strategy of sustainable development and steadily improve the environment of the city.The Municipal Government has recently made a solemn commitment to all the residents that it will step up its efforts at environmental protection and construction to bring about a distinct change in the quality of the environment in three years time.We will carry out the realignment and treatment of rivers with stress laid on the comprehensive treatment of the Suzhou Creek in an effort to markedly improve the water environment.We will optimize the energy structure and control the discharge of tail gas of motor vehicles to improve the atmospheric environment.We will also build at a faster pace large green patches to increase the green coverage of the city.Although we are faced with an arduous task of improving the environment, we firmly believe that our objectives will be met.Ladies and Gentlemen, Shanghai belongs to China and also to the world.I am pleased that many international business leaders present have already invested in Shanghai.We hope that our successful cooperation so far will lead to more cooperation between us in the future.We warmly welcome foreign businessmen with global perspectives and strategic vision to invest in Shanghai and participate in the development of Pudong.Let us work together to create a magnificent future.In conclusion, I wish the annual meeting a complete success and all the participants a pleasant stay in Shanghai.Thank you.

第四篇：江南大学中级口译教程(英汉对照)

中级口译（英汉对照）

2-3宴会招待

Ladies and gentlemen, good evening.It’s my great pleasure to host the banquet in honor of our dear friends and dedicated experts, and celebrate the successful conclusion of our talk.In particular, I’d like to thank Ms.Kelland for coming.Without her last-minute effort, we would still be in the middle of nowhere, probably in the middle of negotiations, I’m afraid.各位，晚上好，今天我们在此举办晚宴，招待各位亲爱的朋友和敬业的专家，庆贺我们的会谈取得圆满成功，我感到非常高兴。我特别感谢凯兰女士大驾光临。没有凯兰女士的最后努力，还不知道现在会怎样呢，恐怕我们还在谈判之中。

Thank you, President Li.You all did very well.I just contributed my share.We all maneuver successfully to get our job done, so to speak.Well, ladies and gentlemen, are we carrying out another round of talk over the dinner? 谢谢李总，你们都做得很好，我只是尽了自己的责任。可以说我们每个人都成功的是我们的使命得以完成。

No more business talks today.I propose we limit our talk to friendship tonight.And of course, we’ll delight ourselves completely in the food that Mother Nature grants us.今天不谈生意，我建议今晚我们只叙友情，当然，我们要尽情享受大自然赐予我们的食物。That’s great, the delicious Chinese food!I can’t wait to enjoy your food.What are we expecting tonight? 太好了，可口的中国菜，我等不及了。今晚我们有什么好吃的？

Tonight we have prepared a typical Shanghai meal.I hope you will like it.今晚我们准备了典型的上海餐，希望各位喜欢。

Yes, eat in Shanghai as Shanghai people eat.But, to be frank, I’ve heard of the famous Cantonese food, Sichuan food, Shandong food, but not that much of Shanghai food.What’s special about Shanghai cuisine? 是的，在上海就该吃上海菜。不过，恕我直言，我只听说过名声显赫的粤菜、川菜和鲁菜，对上海菜不太了解

Shanghai cuisine, usually called Benbang cuisine, is the youngest among the major regional cuisine in China, with a history of more than 400 years.Like all other Chinese regional cuisines, Bnebang cuisine takes “color、aroma and taste” as its essential quality elements.It’s featured by the expert use of seasonings, the selection of raw materials with quality texture, and original flavors.上海菜系是中国最年轻的地方菜系，通常被称为“本帮菜”，有着400多年的历史。同中国其它菜系一样，“本帮菜”具有“色、香、味”三大要素，特点是注重调料的使用、食物的质地和菜的原汁原味。

It sounds very appetizing.听起来很能引起食欲

I’d like to recommend a special snack known as Nanxiang Steamed Meat Dumplings and a special dish called “Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish’.Nanxiang Steamed Meat Dumplings are small in size, with thin translucent wrappers, filled inside with ground pork and rich tasty soup.The Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish is yellow-colored and squirrel-shaped with a crispy skin and tender meat, all covered with a sweet and sour sauce.They are absolutely tasters’ choice.I bet you will like it.我推荐一道特色点心“南翔小笼”和一道特色菜“松鼠桂鱼”。“南翔小笼”是猪肉馅，个小味美，皮薄汁醇。松鼠桂鱼色泽黄亮，形如松鼠，外皮脆而肉柔嫩，汤汁酸甜适口。绝对没错，你一定喜欢。

Oh，I suppose they are the perfect combination of the three elements “color、aroma、taste”.Especially the Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish.I can’t figure out how the chef makes the dish look like a squirrel.Shall we add ”appearance” to your judgement criteria? 哦，我想它们的确是色香味三要素的完美结合。尤其是松鼠桂鱼，我想不出来厨师是怎样把菜做得像个松鼠的。我们在三个评价标准上再添上“形”吧。

Absolutely right, plus appearance – that makes the four element.Ok, here we are.Please help yourself to the dishes.完全正确，可以再加上形，那我们就有了第四大要素。菜上来了，别客气，请随意。The dinner is so delicious.The dishes are complete with color, aroma, taste and appearance.Thank you very much for your invitation and hospitality.I hope I haven’t missed anything, have I? 味道太可口了，这些菜的色香味形都很好。谢谢你们的盛情宴请和款待。我希望没有漏掉什么好吃的吧？

I’m very glad that you like the dishes.But this is just the beginning of the dinner.We have more surprises to expect.Ladies and gentlemen, I consider it a great honor to have you all here for this wonderful time of the year.Let us drink to the health of Ms.Kelland.很高兴您喜欢这里的菜。晚宴才开场，好戏还在后头呢。女士们，先生们，各位能够赏光来此共度一年中的这个美好时光，我感到非常荣幸。让我们共同举杯，敬祝凯兰女士健康。And toast to the health of President Li and to the health of everybody here.Cheers!也祝李总身体健康，祝在座的各位身体健康。干杯！

为我们永久的友谊和合作，干杯！To our lasting friendship and cooperation, Cheers!3-4文化差异

Mr.Roberts, you have been living in China for two years.How do you like it? 罗伯茨先生，您在中国生活两年了，还习惯吧？

I think I’ m quite used to my Chinese life here.Actually I’m thinking about settling down in China for good.我想我已经十分习惯这里的升生活了，其实我还想在中国永久定居呢

I saw two American Movies a few days ago,one is entitled American Beauty and the other is Life of PI.前几天我看了前几天我看了两部美国电影，一部叫美国丽人，一部叫少年派的奇幻漂流。I like Life of PI so much,particularly about how to conquer fear.I saw it a second time.Fear is life’s only true opponent.Only fear can defeat life.It is a clever,treacherous adversary.It repects no law and convention,shows no mercy.It goes for your weakness spot which it finds with unerring ease.我喜欢少年派的奇幻漂流，特别是关战胜恐惧的道理，之后我又看了一遍。恐惧是生活唯一真正的对手，因为只有恐惧才能打败生活。恐惧是狡黠危险的敌人，它无视法规也毫不留情。它轻易的就能找到你的软肋。并发起进攻。

Fear begins in your mind.The movie also tells us that of every unfolding we experience takes us further along in life,then,we are truely experiencing what life is offering.What about American Beauty? 恐惧是源于你的内心，这部电影还告诉我们，如果我们在人生中经历的每一次转变都能使我们走的更远，那么我们就体会到了生活真正想让我们体会到的。I didn’t quite get the story.I dont quiet understand why the movie won the Oscar for the best picture of the year, either.Maybe the answer is the difference between the Chinese and American cultures.Or rather, it is due to the culture difference between the East and the West.我没有完全看懂，我也不知道这部电影为何获得了当年的奥斯卡最佳影片奖。没有完全看懂可能是中美两国的文化差异吧，或者叫做东西方文化差异。

This is a good topic and a broad topic, too.Let me talk a bit more about the film you mentioned.Actually, I have noticed a very interesting difference between many Chinese and American in understanding the title of the film.这是一个很好也是一个很大的话题。我想先从你提到的电影谈起。事实上，我注意到许多中国人和美国人在理解此片名时有一个非常有趣的差别。Yes? 是吗? In some Oriental countries, the translation of the film’s title goes as something like A Beautiful American Lady, or even Beauty is Guilty.While to most of the Americans, I’m afraid the reaction toward this title is mixed or confused, for they cannot decide what exactly the phrase might indicate.The film first and foremost refers to a type of rose bearing large, long-stemmed purplish-red flowers.And the flowers usually remind people of romance, love, beauty in its abstract sense, and vigor and vitality of a nation, etc.But this interesting image on the film’s poster has failed to make any sense to many Chinese viewers.一些东方国家将这部电影片名译成《一个美丽的美国女士》，深甚至译成《美丽有罪》。但大多数美国人对于这样的片名反应颇为复杂，他们颇感困惑，难以断定这些词究竟意味着什么。其实American Beauty首先指一种美国红玫瑰，一种生有长颈的紫红色的大花。这种花会让人想到浪漫、爱情、抽象意义上的美，它还表示民族的勃勃生机等。我认为，这种见于电影海报的有趣意象，许多中国观众却未能理解其中的含义。

That’s right.At least I didn’t get that.Is this due to cultural differences? 你说的没错。至少我就没注意到这个意思！难道这是文化差异造成的吗？

Yes, absolutely.Such cultural differences arise from the differences in region, race, history, environment, and in the levels of economic, scientific and technological development.4 确实是这样。这种文化差异是由地域、种族、历史和环境的差异造成的，也是由经济和科技水平的差异造成的。

Can you offer us some examples? For instance, during your stay in China, have you found any serious cultural differences or clashes with regard to life and work? 你能给我举些例子吗？比如说，你在中国的生活和工作中发现什么严重的文化差异或冲突吗？ We emphasize efficiency, competition and originality while your management gives priority to careful planning and encourage close cooperation and altruistic dedication among team members.In daily contacts, we tend to be humorous and casual while some of you appear more serious and formal.In American schools, discussion is given top priority and seminar is the usual way of class.Good teachers are those who possesss flexible and adaptable talents, and are able to respond instantaneously at any moment to any questions that might arise among the students.That kind of capacity makes a popular teacher in the USA.But Chinese teachers like to lecture in class, and a lot of them are obsessed with examinations;they spend long hours planning and preparing lessons, and writing consistent and standardized teaching plans.All too often, they ‘re happy with bringing up identical and standardized talents.我们强调效率、竞争和独创性，而你们则将严谨规划放在首位，鼓励团队成员之间的密切合作和无私奉献。在日常交往中，我们往往比较幽默和随意，而你们则比较认真和严肃。在美国学校，讨论享有至高无上的地位，讨论就是课堂教学的主旋律。优秀教师具有灵活应变的才能，能随时回答学生可能提出的各种问题。这样的教师最受学生欢迎。而中国教师喜欢讲课，喜欢考试，花许多时间去备课，编写千篇一律的标准教案，培养整齐划一的高材生。

I think Americans gives too much importance to individualism and personal gains, so much so that it might sacrifice collective benefits, hurt the agreeable relationship among group members and even bring harm to the harmony of the society.我感到美国人太看重个人主义，太看重个人利益，这样可能会牺牲集体利益，影响群体之间的和睦，甚至会损害社会的和谐。

Yes , in many cases, you’re right.American working ethic seems to be more individual-oriented.We often value the results and accomplishments of work more than its process.Central to American political, economic and social thought is the concept of individual moral autonomy.If I’m not mistaken, traditional Chinese philosophical systems are based on Confucianism, which sings high praises for individual to uplift themselves for the benefit of communal harmony.That is, communal harmony takes precedence over individual freedom.你说得对，在很多情况下，确实如此。我们美国人的工作理念似乎更强调个人主义。我们一般重视的是结果和成就，而不是过程。美国的政治观、经济观以及社会观的核心就是个人道德自治观。如果我没理解错的话，中国传统的思想体系是以儒家学说为基础的，这种思想强调整体和谐，强调整体和谐高于个人自由。

You may say so.I should say you’re partially correct on that.In spite of so many cultural differences, globalization has brought the world increasingly closer.Likewise, cultural exchanges have become more more extensive.可以这样说，应该说是不分正确吧。尽管我们有如此多的文化差异，全球化浪潮正使世界变得越来越小，文化交流也随之变得越来越广泛。

Yes。The global integration of economy and the speeding information revolution have brought the world closer than ever before.Chinese learn English, Americans learn Chinese;we drink tea, you drink coca-cola;we exercise Kung Fu, you go to bowling;we enjoy Peking Duck, you like KFC;Titanic sailed into China, The Peony Pavilion has been performed on Broadway.Nowadays, easterners and westerners are walking side by side, talking face to face, living, working and studying in harmony.The whole world is becoming increasingly beautiful due to exchanges.是的。全球经济一体化、不断加速信息革命，等等，都使世界的联系比以往更加紧密。中国人学习英语，美国人学习汉语；我们饮茶，你们喝可乐；我们练功夫，你们玩保龄球；我们品尝北京烤鸭，你们喜欢肯德基；泰坦尼克号驶进中国，牡丹亭也在百脑汇上演了。现在，东西方人肩并肩走，面对面交谈，和谐的生活、工作和学习。整个世界由于文化的交流而变得越来越美丽。Yes, Chinese beauty and American beauty are walking together.I believe there’s still much room for further discussion on this topic.As time is limited, we have to stop here today.We’ll find some other time to continue our talk.Thank you.是的，中国历任和美国丽人走到了一起。我想这个话题还有许多值得我们探讨的地方，由于时间关系，我们今天暂且谈到这里，以后我们再接着聊吧。谢谢。

My pleasure.Yes, we’ll do it some other time.不客气。是呀，我们另找时间再接着聊吧。

4-3经营之道

Hi, Mr.Jackson.You have been working in China for three years.Can you tell us how you feel about the differences in business communication style between Chinese and American businessmen? 6 您好，杰克逊先生。你在中国已连续工作了三年，您能否谈下中美两国生意人在商务沟通方式上有何不同之处？

With pleasure.I think there are at least two differences in the way of businesspeople communication between Chinese and American businesspeople.First, Chinese businessmen tend to have business negotiations in a rather indirect manner, as opposed to the more direct manner of American businesspeople.The Chinese take time to learn if their prospective business contacts are really reliable, for example, by inviting them to a party and socializing with them.In contrast, Americans usually act with the get-down-to-business-first mentality.Second, the decision-making process of Chinese companies is generally slow and time-consuming.This is because most Chinese companies keep to the “bottom-up, then top-down and then bottom-up” decision-making principle which involves many people at different levels.American companies, on the other hand, usually operate with quick decisions made by the top management.I hope American businesspeople in China will understand these differences in business practices and adjust to the Chinese way.我很乐意。我认为中美两国生意人在商务沟通方式上至少有两点不同。首先，中国人在商务谈判时倾向于一种迂回婉转的方式，而美国人则表现出一种直截了当的风格。中国人会花费时间来了解他们将要与之打交道的商人是否靠得住，例如邀请对方参加宴会，同时他们进行交流。与之相反，美国人则以公务为先的心态行事。第二，中国公司的决策过程耗时冗长。这是因为大部分中国公司遵循者一种“先自上而下、后自下而上、再自上而下”的决策原则，各个层次上的许多人士都会介入决策过程。而美国公司通常是由最高管理人士的快速决策运作。我希望在华的美国商人理解这些商务活动中的差异，适应中国人的经营之道。

The American way of doing business often strikes us Chinese as very aggressive.Were you aware of this in your collaboration With your Chinese colleagues? 美国式的经营之道在我们中国人看来往往显得咄咄逼人。您在与中国同事的合作中有没有注意到这一点？

Well, we are more direct and straightforward than most Chinese, I would say, due to our different cultural traditions.I notice that a lot of Chinese often avoid saying a clear “no” just to be polite.Sometimes my Chinese colleagues say “yes” not to express agreement, but only to show that they are listening.这个嘛，我我认为，由于我们有着不同的文化传统，所以我们同大部分中国人相比，显得较为直截了当、开门见山。我注意到许多中国人出于礼貌而经常不明确的说一声“不”。有时我的中国同事道一声“是”，这可布什表示赞同，只是表明他们在注意对方说话而已。

It is important for all of us to acknowledge and respect these cultural differences in order to avoid misunderstandings, isn’t it? 我们都应该承认这些文化差异，尊重这些差异，以免产生误解，这很重要，不是吗？ Yes, understanding these differences, I believe, will be a first step toward establishing affirm business relationship between American and Chinese companies.是的，我认为，理解这些差异是朝着在美国公司和中国公司之间建立稳固商务关系的方向迈出的第一步。

You mentioned the Chinese type of decision-making process earlier.Do you see any strength with this type of management and how do you compare it with the American type of management？

刚才您提到了中国式的决策过程，您认为这种管理模式有无优点？将其与美国式的管理模式相比，你有何看法？

I would say the American-type, or the top-down, management emphasizes efficiency, and competition among workers, while the Chinese-type management gives priority to careful planning and encourages cooperation among workers, and between workers and the management.Thus, while the American-type management often frustrates many workers, the Chinese-type management gives workers a joy of participation and fulfillment, and a sense of pride in their work.我感到美国式的自上而下的管理方式注重效率，注重员工间的竞争。而中国式的管理方式的特点就是，优先考虑周密的计划，鼓励员工间的合作，鼓励员工与管理层之间的合作。因此，美国是的管理方式常常使许多员工感到沮丧，而中国式的管理方式能使员工有一种喜悦的参与感和成就感，对自己的工作抱一种自豪感。

Talking about worker’s attitude toward their work, how do the Chinese and the American differ in this respect? 谈到员工的工作态度，中国人和美国人在这方面有何不同? I think most Chinese view work as essential for having membership in a community.They believe that work allows them to have the sense of belonging in a community.In other words, work is necessary for them to gain social acceptance in the society.That is why many Chinese managers and employees work so hard to maintain their positions in their companies.Also, they see work as the most important thing in life.That is, they have tried to find the meaning of life through their jobs.While the Chinese work ethic is based on social pressure and community belonging, the American work ethic seems to be more individual oriented.Traditionally, we work because it is the will of the God, and we often value the results and accomplishments of work more than its process.By the way, I’m very impressed by the obvious strong sense of dedication of the jobs among the older Chinese employees.我认为，大多数中国人将工作视为能使自己成为整个团体中的一分子的必不可缺的条件。中国人相信，工作是自己有了团体归属感。换言之，中国人为了得到社会的认可，必须工作。这就是为何许多中国经历和员工会努力工作以保住自己在公司的职位的原因。中国人还将工作视为生活中最重要的大事。也就是说，他们想从工作中找到生活的意义。中国人的工作观建筑在社会压力和团体归属感的基础上，而美国人的工作观则有更强的个体取向性。我们一向认为，我们工作是秉承了上帝的意志，我们对工作成果的重视常常高于对工作过程的重视。复发is，年龄较大的中国员工对自己的工作有一种明显的奉献精神，我对此有很深的印象。

Returning to where we started, how do you comment on the merits and demerits of the two different approaches to business management? 回到我们一开始的话题，您如何评价中美两种不同经营之道的利弊呢? It is difficult to decide which is better than which, because there are some merits and demerits to both types of management.My suggestion is that people of both countries should learn from each other.I will say that in recent years, the merits of the Chinese way, or rather , the Oriental way, of management are beginning to be recognized by an Oriental way of our American industries.很难判断孰优孰劣，因为这两种经营方式各有自己的长处与短处。我希望两国人民应该相互学习，取长补短。应该说近年来中国人的经营方式，更确切的说是东方人的经营方式，开始为越来越多的西方人所认识。东方人的这种人情味更浓的经营方式似乎给我们美国差业界的管理人士以颇多的启迪。

谢谢！谢谢您接受我的采访。Thank you for sharing your time with me.5-4新的长征

词汇部分

无与伦比、独有的款待 incomparable hospitality 优美音乐 splendid music 融洽气氛 congenial atmosphere

慷慨陈词的演讲 gracious and eloquent remarks

同等的尊严 equal dignity

不受外来干涉 free of outside interference 统治 domination 赞同 approve 抱怨 grumble 意识形态的本能 deeply rooted in the instincts of 强加 impose 评价 assess 同一种模式 in identical fashion 主席先生：

难以想象 inconceivable

彼此一致认为 see eye to eye on … 遗产 legacy 注定 destined 肆虐 plague

攀登崇高理想 rise to the heights of greatnes我谨代表我在座的所有同事，对你们那独有的、著称于世的款待表示感谢。我不仅要特别感谢为我们准备晚宴的人们，而且还要特别感谢演奏优美音乐的人们。

On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.I particularly want to pay contribute, not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner, but also to those who have provided the splendid music.我们在中国度过了十分愉快的时光，我很高兴我的访问能在如此融洽的气氛中结束。These have been very pleasant days in China, and I’m happy that my visit should conclude in such a congenial atmosphere.主席先生，我要感谢您那热情洋溢、慷慨陈词的演讲。此时此刻，许多人正在通过神奇的电讯设备倾听着我们的讲话。然而，我们这里所说的话很快便会被人们遗忘。但是，我们在这里所做的事却能改变世界。

Mr.President, I wish to thank you for your very gracious and eloquent remarks.At this very moment through the wonder of telecommunications, many people are hearing what we say today.Yet, what we say here will not be long remembered.But what we do here can change the world.所以，让我们沿着通往共同目标的不同道路，一起开始新的长征。这个目标就是建设一个和平与正义的世界，在这个世界里所有人都可以站在一起享有同等的尊严，所有国家不论其大小，都有权决定自己的政府形式，选择自己的发展道路，而不受外来干涉或统治。

So, let us start a long march together on different roads leading to the same goal, the goal of building a world structure of peach and justice in which all may stand together with equal dignity and in which each nation, lager or small, has a right to determine its own form of government, its own course of development, free of outside interference or domination.我国的社会制度和政治制度在许多方面都与贵国的社会制度和政治制度不同。这是我们不同的经历和不同的传统造成的。我们的制度并不总是带来大家都赞同的结果。人们有时会抱怨这种制度、批评这种制度。但是这种制度根深蒂固，已成为我国人民的意识与行为本能。我们不想把自己的思想意识强加于人。我们认为，有着不同政治制度和社会制度的人们和平相处是正确而又必要的。我们没有用同一种模式来评价当今世界的方方面面——由于我们有着截人=然不同的历史、地理和文化，很难想象我们会对所有问题都有一只的看法——但是我们彼此一致认为，世界和平是我们的基本需求，各国决定自己的命运、规划自己的未来也同样使我们的基本需求。We have a social and political system which differs in many respects from your own.It is the result of different experiences and a different tradition.This system of ours does not always produce results of which we all approve.People sometimes grumble at it and criticize it.But it is a political system deeply rooted in the instincts of our people.We do not aim to impose our own ideas on other people.We believe that it is right and necessary that people with different political and social systems should live side by side.We do not assess in identical fashion all aspect of today’s world—with our distinct histories, geographies and cultures it is inconceivable that we could see eye to eye on all issues—but we do agree on the fundamental need for world peace, and the equally fundamental need for all countries to determine their own fate and design their own future.世界注视着我们，世界倾听着我们，世界拭目以待我们的作为。

The world watches.The world listens.The world waits to see what we will do.我们要留给下一代什么遗产呢？他们是注定要痛苦地死于曾肆虐就世界的仇恨之中呢，还是一位我们曾有的缔造新世界的远见而必将要愉快地生活呢？

What legacy shall we leave our children? Are they destined to die painfully for the hatreds which have plagued the old world, or are they destined to live joyfully because we had the vision to build a new world? 时不我待，这是一个攀登崇高理想、创造更美好的新世界的时刻。

This is the hour.This is the day for us to rise to the heights of greatness which can build a new and better world.11 本着这种精神，我敬请各位与我一起举杯，让我们为能够结合世界人民带来有益与和平的我们两国人民之间的友谊与合作而干杯。

In that spirit, I ask all of you present to join me in raising your glasses to the friendship and cooperation of our two peoples which can lead to friendship and peach for all peoples in the world.6-1 新春联欢(Celebrating the Spring Festival)各位嘉宾：(Distinguished guests,)在这个美丽无比、繁星满天的夜晚，我谨代表总经理欧阳女士，以及公司的全体同仁，感谢各位能在一年中最繁忙的季节，从百忙中拨冗光临我们的新春联欢晚会，并向你们表示欢迎。(On this most beautiful evening with numerous shining stars in the sky, on behalf of General Manager Madam Ouyang and all my colleagues of the company, I wish to thank you all the people here for taking the time of their busy schedule, at the busiest time of the year, to come to our Chinese New Year’s party.We really appreciate your presence here tonight with us.)特别有幸的是，今晚我们邀请到了从加拿大远道而来的本森电子公司的朋友们。有如此杰出的贵宾与我们一起共同欢度春节，我深感自豪和荣幸。(In particular, we are very fortunate to have the attendance of our friends with the Benson’s Electronics Company, who came here all the way from Canada.I feel very proud and honored to have such a distinguished group of guests with us, in celebration of our Spring Festival.)我们尽自己之所能，并将继续竭尽全力使各位度过一个最轻松、最快乐、最难忘的夜晚。我希望各位来宾能尽情品尝中国的传统佳肴与美酒。请不要客气。(We have done and will continue to do our best to make this evening most relaxing, most enjoyable and most memorable for you.I hope you will have a good time enjoying the traditional Chinese cuisine and drinking the unique Chinese wine to your heart’s content.So help yourself.)各位还将欣赏由本公司一些才华横溢的青年员工所表演的纯正的中国味的文艺节目。今晚我们会过得非常愉快。平日在公司上班时，我们中外职员几乎没有时间坐下来交谈。我希望这次晚会可以让我们有极好的机会，无所拘束的了解彼此的情况，增进个人之间的友谊。(In a moment, you will enjoy the authentic Chinese performance given by some talented young employees of our company.We will have a lot of fun tonight.While at work in the company, we, Chinese as well as overseas staff of the company, hardly get to sit own and talk to each other.I hope this party will give us an excellent opportunity to get to know each other better in a more informal way and increase personal friendships.)女士们、先生们，我再次感谢各位嘉宾的光临。最后，我祝愿各位新年身体健康、万事如意。(Ladies and gentlemen, I’d like to thank you again for coming to the party.And I wish every one of you good health and the very best of luck in everything in the new year.)16-4用筷技艺

Chopsticks, or kuaizi, are the most distinctive eating tool on the Chinese dining table.筷子是中餐桌上最有特色的用餐工具。

For thousands of years we Chinese have always regarded chopsticks the simplest possible and the most effiient tool for transporting bite-sized morsels of food from a bowl to the mouth.几千年来我们中国人一直视筷子为一种可以将饭从碗中逐口送入口中的最简单同时也是最有效的工具。

As early as in the Zhou Dynasty, chopsticks were used for picking up meat and vegetables, while hands were used for rice.早在周朝时期，筷子便被人们用来夹取荤、蔬菜，而米饭在那时则用手来取食。The Chinese term for chopsticks during this period was zhu, a character whose sound was homonymous with another world meaning “to stop”.这一时期的筷子叫做“箸”，与“住”字谐音。

Since this character was taboo on ships, which were not supposed to stop en route, it was changed to kuai, a word homonymous with another word meaning “quick”.可这个“住”字在船上被视为禁忌语，因为船是不可以在航行途中打住不前的，人们因而改“箸”字为“筷”字，与“快”字谐音。

Then, another character zi was added as a sort of suffix, 此后，人们在“筷”字后又添加了后缀词“子”。

as occurs with the names of many common objects in the kitchen, such as beizi(cup), panzi(plate), guozi(pot), zhuozi(table),etc.中国许多厨房用品的名称都带有后缀词“子”，如“杯子”、“盆子”、“锅子”、“桌子”等等。

The mastery of this survival tool requires a skillful coordination of fingers,which gives a child an opportunity to prove to his or her parents that he or she is no longer dependent on the spoon, and can reach out for his or her own food like everyone else.掌握好筷子这件与生存有关的工具需要手指的熟练协调，而用好筷子则可以给孩子一次机会，向父母亲表明，自己已无需再依赖汤匙进食，可以同常人一样独立取食了。

Chopsticks, which are roughly uniform in size throughout China,can be made of a variety of materials, including bamboo, wood, lacquer, jade, ivory, plastic, aluminum, silver and gold.全国各地的筷子大小基本一样，而所用材料的种类则各有不同，所选材料有竹子、木材、漆器、玉石、象牙、塑料、铝、银、金等。

Special long bamboo chopsticks are generally used in the kitchen.特长的竹筷通常用于厨房中。

In the past, wooden chopsticks inlaid with silver thread were used to test whether poison was put in a meal, since silver reacts to a number of poisonous substances by changing its color.过去人们用嵌有竹器的木筷来测试是否有人在餐中下毒，因为银器碰到一些有毒物品会起变色反应。

The way we Chinese handle our chopsticks is quite artistic and varied from person to person like one's signature.我们中国人使用筷子的方法很有艺术性，各人有各人的方法，就好像签名一样，不尽一致。An average Chinese can very easily pick up a single tiny grain of rice, or a tiny piece of peas, or a slippery button mushroom or sea cucumber.中国人一般都能随心所欲地用筷子夹起一粒米饭、一粒豌豆、一只滑溜溜的蘑菇和海参。Some people are able to pick up a piece of bean curd that crumbles easily.有些人还能夹起一整块易碎的豆腐。

For those Westerners who use only forks and knives for their meals, the mastery of the method and skills for using chopsticks may be quite challenging, and amusing, at the beginning.A lot of patience and concentrated practice is required.This is not only very necessary but also very entertaining if they wish to enjoy a real Chinese dinner.对于那些用餐时只会使用刀叉的西方人来说，掌握用筷的方法和技巧开始时难度也许很大，当然也很有趣，需要很大的耐心，需要用心练习。如果他们希望享用一顿真正意义上的中餐，那么花些时间耐心学习用筷技艺不仅很有必要，而且也是乐趣有加。

When using chopsticks, one should place both sticks between the thumb and forefinger.The point is to keep one stick still and move the other so as to make them work like pincers.There is no use using force.As a matter of fact, as long as one uses strength appropriately, he or she can pick up food effortlessly.使用筷子时，要把一双筷子夹在大拇指和食指之间。要点是让其中的一双筷子保持不动，活动另一根筷子，以便能像钳子那样夹取食物。光靠蛮力是无济于事的，所用之力只要恰到好处，就可以轻松自如地夹起食物。

As far as Chinese table manners are concerned, it is considered impolite to hold chopsticks throughout meal.The Chinese traditional table manners require the diner to lay down the chopsticks on the table parallel to one's rice bowl or plate when one has sent the picked food into his or her mouth..It is also considered impolite to point with chopsticks during a conversation over the meal.就餐时自始至终握筷不放，会被视为一种不礼貌的举动，这与中国的用餐规矩不符。中国传统的用餐规矩要求就餐者将夹取到的食物送入口中，而后即把筷子平行地放在饭碗或餐盘的一边。餐间交谈时用筷子指指点点也是一种不礼貌的行为。

In China, it is quite rare for a knife to appear on the table.For many people, a knife is associative with a menacing weapon that should not find itself on a friendly, warm dinner table.It is also a Chinese custom for all chopping and other “manual labor” to be performed behind the kitchen door.Thus, all food which appears on the table is bite-sized or smaller, with the exception of whole fish, chickens, or suckling pigs, of course, which are cooked in such a way that they can be served and eaten with chopsticks, and therefore there's no need for a knife to appear on the table.在中国，餐桌上放一把刀是极其少见的现象。在许多人看来，刀会使人联想到虎视眈眈、咄咄逼人的武器，因而不应在友好温暖的餐桌上占有一席之地。根据中国的传统习俗，所有切割操作以及其他“体力性劳作”都应该放在厨房内进行。这样，所有出现在餐桌上的食物皆可一口送入口中，当然整鱼、整鸡、整头乳猪除外。这些菜经过一番烹调，可以用筷子夹开取用，因而也无需借助刀子切割。

What I have just introuduced may not be considered as something scientific and technological.But certainly, there is something that can be considered artistic, isn't there？

以上我所讲的虽然谈不上有多少科技含量，但也不能说没有艺术含量吧？

8—2传统节日(汉译英)我很高兴有机会向各位介绍中国的主要传统节日，尤其是介绍中国最重要的传统节日——春节。

I’m very happy to have the opportunity to talk to you about major traditional Chinese holidays and in particular about the Spring Festival ,the most important Chinese holiday.同世界其他地区一样，节日在中国是人们勤于烹调、饱享口福的时候。菜市场鱼肉满架，购物和烹调成了人们的主要活动。但是节庆膳食除了在数量和质量上与平日不同之外，一些历史悠久、具有象征意义的特色食物也是节日必不可缺的伴侣。

Like in the rest of the world , holidays in china are a time to enjoy good cooking and eating,Grocery markets are well stocked with all kinds of fish and meat and shopping and cooking become major activities.But in addition to the quantitative and qualitative differences apparent in holiday meals,some special traditional foods with their symbolic significance are indispensable on these occasions.16 例如农历5月三日的端午节，人们过端午节是为了纪念被昏君贬官放逐而抱石投江自尽的古代诗人和忠臣屈原。最初人们将以芦苇叶包扎好的糯米粽子投入屈原自尽的那条江，以祭祀亡灵。今天，人们在端午节时举行龙舟比赛，而粽子则由活生生的人来享用。

The Dragon Boat Festival on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month(around early June)is celebrated in memory of Qu Yuan,an ancient poet and loyal minister who drowned himself while in exile from a corrupt court.Zongzi,a kind of glutinous rice dumpling wrapped in reed leaves,were originally prepared as sacrificial offerings for Qu Yuan’s departed soul and droppd into the river where he drowned himself.Today,however,dragon boat races are held during the festival and the zongzi are consumed by the living.农历8月15日的中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征着圆满，进而象征着家庭团聚。中秋节日的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼，内含核桃仁、蜜饯、豆沙或蛋黄等食物。

The Mid-autumn festival which occurs on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month(around mid-September)is an occasion for viewing the full moon.The round moon is a symbol for completeness,and by extension,family reunion.The specialty of the day is the yuebing(mooncake),a round pastry filled with nuts,candied preserved fruits,bean paste,duck egg yolks,etc.春节是中国最重要的传统节日，标志着农历新年的开始。春节的日期按农历而定，通常出现在公历2月份前半个月的某一天。过春节又叫做“过年”，意思是避开“年”这个怪物。相传“年”是古时候的一种凶猛的怪物。它的样子想强壮的公牛，长着狮子一样的头。这个怪物通常待在深山里。但每到冬末春初他在山里找不到足够的食物就会闯入村庄找东西吃。村民们见之非常害怕，于是纷纷搬家，逃离这个怪物。后来人们发现，“年”非常害怕三样东西：红色、明亮火焰以及大声喧哗。人们为了阻止“年”进村，就把大门漆成红色，还点火烧竹子，发出噼噼啪啪的响声。从此以后，“年”再也不来村里了。一个传统就这样形成了。竹子燃烧时发出的这种响声被后来的鞭炮声所取代。这就是中国人燃放鞭炮欢庆春节的来历。

The Spring Festival,the most important traditional Chinese festival,marks the beginning of the Chinese Lunar New year.The Spring Festival is celebrated according to the lunar calendar,and generally occurs some time in the first half of February.The Spring Festival is also called Guo Nian in Chinese,meaning keeping off the monster of Nian.The legend has it that Nian was a fierce monster back in ancient times.It looked liked a strong bull with a head like that of a lion.Usually the monster stayed deep in the mountains.But at the turn of each spring,the monster,unable to find enough food in the mountains,came out of its mountain lair and entered villages to eat whatever it could catch.Villagers were so scared that they moved away to escape the ferocious monster.Later people found that Nian was afraid of three things:red color,bright flame and loud noise.To prevent Nian from entering their villages,villagers painted their doors red, burned stalks of bamboo,which made cracking sounds.Ever since then,Nian never again came to the villages.Thus, a tradition was established.Later, the noise of the cracking bamboo was replaced by the bang of firecrackers for the Spring Festival.春节期间人们通常猛吃畅饮。春节的食物比较讲究，除了常见的海鲜、家禽和肉类之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗烹制一些传统菜肴。因为春节标志着新年的第一天，所以第一顿饭是相当重要的。饺子、汤圆、年糕和八宝饭是过年时家家户户必不可少的吉祥食品。“年糕”这个词里的“糕”字与“高”谐音，寓意来年“节节高”。香甜的汤圆则是合家团圆的象征。

Customarily,lavishly consuming food and drink is a major activity during the Spring Festival.People are usually particular about their food.In addition to the popular seafood,poultry and meat, regional custom dictates that traditional favorites should be prepared and consumed.Since the festival marks the first day of a brand new year,the first meal is rather important.Such foods as jiaozi(boiled dumplings),tangyuan(soup of small rice balls cooked with fillings),niangao(New Year cake,thick steamed pudding of glutinous rice flour)and babaofan(steamed sweet glutinous rice pudding)are signs of good luck and indispensable in every household.The Chinese character gao in the word niangao is homonymous with the word”tall”,suggesting “growing up and prospering”in the new year,and the round sweet dumpling is a symbol of family reunion.春节期间的娱乐活动多种多样，丰富多彩。耍龙灯和舞狮子是春节期间的传统项目。还有一种至今仍受人欢迎的传统表演活动，叫踩高跷。根据记载，中国人的祖先开始使用高跷是为了从树上采集水果。如今，熟练地高跷表演者能够在高跷上展示惊人的技艺，表演高难度的动作。

The recreational activities during the Spring Festival are varied and colorful.The Dragon Dance and Lion Dance are traditionally performed during the festival.Walking on stilts is another traditional performance event popular in China.According to the archives, Chinese ancestors event began using stilts to help them gather fruits from trees.Today’s skillful performers can perform truly amazing feats and extremely difficult movements on stilts.18 现在，随着生活水平的不断提高，人们采用了新的方式庆祝新年。但不管庆祝方式怎么变，春节的精华不会变，那就是为了祈求新年吉祥如意，家家户户都会打扫得干干净净，门上都会贴上对联，人人穿上新衣裳，拿出最精美的食物，团聚在一起，互道吉利，表示祝贺。最重要的是，春节是一个合家欢聚的日子，出门在外的人总要想方设法在除夕夜到来之前赶回家，吃上一年中最重要的一顿饭——“团圆饭”。

Nowadays,with the improvement of living standards,people have taken up new ways to celebrate the traditional Chinese New year.No matter what changes there might be, the traditional highlights of the Spring Festival will remain the same:hoping for a propitious and happy new year,each family will clean up the house and put up an antithetical couplet on each side of the door.Dressed up in their best,people will get together,treat each other to the most delicious foods and exchange auspicious greetings.Most important of all, the Spring Festival is the occasion for a family reunion.People away from home for various reasons will always try their best to come back home before the New Year’s Eve for the family reunion dinner,the most important meal of the year.从传统意义上说，春节以元宵节为终结日。每年农历正月十五的元宵节又被称之为“灯节”，自古以来就是展览和观赏花灯的盛大节日。这一节日正如宋词所描写的那样：“鱼灯万里耀长空，闹灯元宵处处同。顶马狮龙人物好，街歌巷舞尽儿童。”

Traditionally,the Spring Festival season ends with the Lantern Festival which falls on the 15th of the first lunar month.The Lantern Festival has been the great occasion to display and watch lanterns since antiquity.A poet of the Song Dynasty wrote these lines,”The sky is ablaze with myriads of fish-shaped lanterns.It is fun everywhere on the Lantern Festival.Lanterns in shape of horse,lion,dragon and human figure are all attractive.Streets and lanes are packed with singing and dancing children.”

我今天简要介绍了一下中国的传统节日，希望各位朋友有机会去亲身体验一下我国传统节日的欢乐气氛。

I have given a brief introduction of traditional Chinese festivals.I sincerely hope that you have the chance to experience for yourself the happy festival atmosphere in China.12-3书法艺术

我很高兴有机会向诸位 介绍中国书法这一宝贵的文化遗产及其对中国旅游业的贡献。I’m very glad to have this opportunity to talk about Chinese calligraphy, a highly-valued Chinese cultural heritage, and its contribution to Chinese tourism.中国有句古话是这样 说的:“山不在高，有仙则名；水不在深，有龙则灵。”中国书法好似山上之 仙、水中之龙。

An ancient Chinese saying goes that” Any mountain can be famous with the presence of an immortal, and any river can be holy with the presence of a dragon”.Chinese calligraphy is like an immortal on a mountain and a dragon in a river.中国书法同其他书写形式有很大区别。汉字在其漫长的发展史中演化成许多不同的艺术形式，其中包括甲骨铭文、青铜器铭文、篆书、隶书、楷书、行书和草书。

Chinese calligraphy is very different from other forms of writing.During their long history of development Chinese characters have evolved and been written into many different artistic styles, including the inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells and in ancient bronze objects, the seal character, official script, regular script, running script and cursive script.许多汉字属象形文字．常可从字的形状揣知其义。无沦是刀刻书法还是笔墨书法都可以通过字形的夸张取得艺术效果。

Many Chinese characters are pictographs and often the meaning of a particular character is apparent in the pictorial form of the character.Calligraphy, whether done with a knife or brush, can be rendered in ways that exaggerate the form, consequently yielding effects of artistic beauty.因此书法一直是一门研究艺术。千百年来中国书法家倾 注了大量的心血研究书法艺术的形式、规则及理论。他们的成果对朝鲜、日本和东南亚国家的 汉字书法家产生了巨大的影响。这些国家的书法家经常不断地访问中国，探索书法艺术

Calligraphy, therefore, has been traditionally a subject of artistic study.Down through the centuries Chinese calligraphers have devoted substantive attention to studying the forms, principles and theories pertinent to the art of calligraphy.Moreover, their works have significantly influenced calligraphers of Chinese characters in Korea, Japan and Southeast Asian countries.People from these countries regularly visit China studying calligraphic art.20 汉字的传统书法并未受到外界的影响，这是我国的一大旅游资源。中国大多数旅游区都有 不可胜数的铭文石碑(其中许多是刻在悬崖峭壁上的铭文)、匾额和厅堂卷轴对联。以石碑闻名遐迩的桂林七星岩内各个朝代的铭文随处可见。

Traditional Chinese calligraphy has not been influenced by the outside world.As a result, it constitutes a tourist resource Most of the Chinese tourist areas have numerous inscribed tablets, including inscriptions on precipices, horizontal inscribed boards and couplets written on the scrolls hung on the pillars of halls.The Seven-Star Cave of Guilin, widely known as a sea of stelae, contains everywhere inscriptions from various dynasties.旅游区的古代书法遗迹皆以碑林和石刻为主。例如建于1091年的 西安碑林”区还留有大量的周秦时期的石刻作品。

Ancient calligraphy relics found in tourist areas primarily consist of tablet forests and stone cuts, for example, the Xi’an Tablet Forset, which was built in 1091, including a large number of stone cuts from the periods of Zhou(11th century-256 BC)and Qin(221-206 BC).对于那些有兴趣把书法作为一种艺术形式来研究的人士来说，曲阜孔庙和泰山岱庙里的石碑是必看无疑的。两处都存有数百件书法风格各异的石刻碑匾。

The stelae in Qufu’s Confucius Temple and Mount Tai’s Dai Temple are undoubtedly visitors’ choice for those interested in studying calligraphy as an art form.Each location contains several hundred tablets inscribed with various styles.中国历史上许多诗人和高僧在浪迹名山时皆 墨撒悬崖峭壁，以此抒发感情。所幸的是，他们的许多作品均被完好地保存下来。除了石碑岩崖作品外，丝绸和纸张上行文留 字则是更为常见的书法形式。

Historically, many poets and senior monks wrote inscriptions on precipices to express their feelings when they works have been well preserved.Fortunately, many of their works have been well preserved.In addition to stone tablets and inscriptions on mountain precipices, calligraphy has also been practiced as more popular forms of art with silk and paper.汉字书法无论以何种形式出现都将吸引海外游客。

Whatever the form, calligraphy of Chinese characters will continue to exert a magnetic influence on tourists to China.专利法规(英译中)Today , we, pioneers and leaders of electronic commerce, are meeting here to call for changes in US patent laws.We believe such changes are needed to deal with new business models related to the growth of the Internet.今天，我们这些电子商务的创始人和领导人在此集会，共同呼吁修改美国专利法。我们认为互联网的发展已形成了一些新商业模式，专利法必须加以修改才能应付这种新情况。share the same view with Jeff Bezos, chief executive of online bookseller Amazon.dot.com.Mr.Bezos argued in an open letter that current patent laws could end up harming all kinds of businesses if the laws were not adapted to new business methods used in e-commerce.我同在线书店亚马逊电子商务公司的首席执行官杰夫 · 贝索斯持有相同的观点.贝索斯先生在一封公开信中指出，现行的专利法若不加以修正以适应电子商务的新模式，最终将影响所有商务活动。think U.S.Patent laws are designed to protect the commercial rights of people who have invested in new products, systems or methods.Hereby 1 propose that the period of protection offered by patents should be cut from 17 years to about 4 years.1 also propose a one-month period of public consultation before patents are issued.The purpose of these changes is to ensure that patented business models and software are more quickly released into the public domain.我认为，制定美国专利法的根本出发点是为了保护那些投资开发新产品、新系统和新方法者的商业权利。我在这里提议，专利权的保护期应该从原来的 17年缩短为 4 年。同时我也建议，专利 22 发布前应该有一个月的公示咨询期。这些改革的目的是为了确保获得专利权的商务模式和软件能更快地进入公共领域。

Amazon was once under criticism for allegedly abusing current laws by patenting business methods that are so general in scope they should be available to everyone.Two examples include Amazon's patent for the so-called one-click purchasing option on its World Wide Web site and its program for paying other web sites that refer customers to the Amazon site.亚马逊公司曾遭到一些批评，有人指责亚马逊公司滥用现行法律，使一些极其普通的商务方法得到专利保护，这些商务方法没有任何特殊之处，所有人都有权使用。亚马逊公司有两个典型的专利保护例子，一是所谓的网上一次点击购物法，一是对向亚马逊公司转让客户的其他网站支付费用的程序。

From my experience of working with hi-technology companies in California's Silicon Valley , the biggest problems arise when existing patent protections for business methods are combined with the Internet.凭我在加州硅谷高科技公司的工作经验，当现行的商务模式专利保护与因特网联系在一起时，就会出现最严重的问题。

When you combine the ability to patent business methods with the advent of the Internet you have a very interesting coincidence.The Internet provides a new way of doing just about everything.You can have electronic shopping carts on the Internet that mimic the shopping carts in the real world.But because it is in a new environment , a new medium , that is sufficiently novel to obtain a patent on that idea.当你把商务模式专利保护与因特网使用结合在一起时，你会发现一个十分有趣的巧合。因特网可以提供做事的新方法.你可以在网上使用电子购物手推车，所谓的电子购物手推车不过是对现实生活中的手推车的模拟，但由于出现在一个新的环境中，出现在一个新的媒介中，这种模拟方法因其新颖而可以申请专利保护。

If changes in the patent laws are going to have any real impact , they must be made soon , before too many more new business method patents are issued.Some of my colleagues in the industry have already begun lobbying lawmakers to make the changes.But we have to be a little bit more patient because it will take at least two years for any changes proposed now to be approved by lawmakers and established as law.如果想让专利法的修改真正起到作用，那就必须加快修订步伐，不然的话，等越来越多的商务模式新专利颁布之后再进行修改，为时也就太晚了。电子商务产业的一些同行已开始游说立法人士 23 修改法律.但是我们还得耐心等待，现在提出的修改建议至少要等上两年才能被立法部门确定为正式的法律。

环境保护（汉译英）女士们、先生们: 当今世界，环境保护已成为各国政府和各界人士共同关心的问题。过去 10 年，海平面升高和森林砍伐的速度都是前所未有的;生态恶化、物种灭绝、臭氧层被破坏、温室效应、酸雨、土地沙漠化等一系列环境问题已经严重影响到人类的生存环境和身体健康.Ladies and gentlemen , Nowadays , environmental protection has become the common issue that concerns the governments of many countries and people of all walks of life.Sea level rose and forests were destroyed at an unprecedented rate during the last decade.A series of environmental problems , such as the deterioration of the ecosystem , the extinction of bio-species , damage to the ozone layer , the green-house effect , acid rain and desertification , have posed a serious threat to human living conditions and health.环境恶化造成的问题之-就是缺水。目前，全世界 40% 以上的人口，即 20 多亿人，面临缺水问题。据预测，未来 25 年全球人口将由 60 亿增长到 80 亿，环境保护面临更大的压力，解决环境与发展的问题面临着重重困难。

Environmental crisis leads to one of the serious problems.namely, water shortage.Presently, more than 40 percent of the world's population, more than two billion people, now face water shortage.It is predicted that with the global population expected to increase from six billion to eight billion over the next 25 years.more pressure on environmental protection stress is expected.Many problems remain to be resolved in striking a balance between economic development and environmental protection.中国作为一个发展中国家，面临着发展经济与保护环境的双重任务。从国情出发，中国在全面推进现代化的过程中，将环境保护视为一项基本国策，将实现经济持续发展视为一项重要战略，同时在全国范围内开展污染防治工作和生态环境保护活动。

As a developing country.China is confronted with the dual task of developing the economy and protecting the environment.Proceeding from its national conditions.China has.in the process of promoting its overall modernization program.made environmental protection one of its basic state policies.regarded the realization of sustained economic development as an important strategy and meanwhile, carried out nationwide campaigns for pollution prevention and treatment as well as environmental ecological conservation.我们认为保护环境是全人类的共同任务。中国积极发展环境保护领域的双边和多边合作，在环境规划与管理、污染控制与预防、森林和野生动植物保护、海洋环境、气候变化、大气污染、酸雨、污水处理等方面进行了交流与合作，取得了一批重要成果。

We consider environmental protection a common task for all people across the world.Thus.China has actively promoted bilateral and multi-lateral cooperation in the field of environmental protection.Significant achievements have been made in environmental planning and management , pollution control and prevention, forest protection.wild animal and.plant protection.as well as in the areas concerning marine environment, climate change, air pollution , acid rain and sewage disposal, etc.概括说来，我们选择持续发展的实施战略;逐步改进法律和行政制度;预防和控制工业污染，综合整治城市环境;大规模进行国土控管和农村环保;保护生态环境，保护植被，退耕还林，退耕还草，封山绿化;加速对环境科技的开发;在人民中宣传环保知识，提高人们对环保道德与行为准则的认识;采取强有力的措施促进环保工作的国际合作。

Briefly , here are the things that we have been doing to protect our environment: Choosing a 'sustainable development strategy for implementation;improving the legal and administrative systems in step-by-step manner;preventing and controlling industrial pollution and comprehensively working on the improvement of the urban environment;carrying out territorial control and rural environmental protection on a large scale;protecting ecological environment , protecting vegetation , returning cultivated land to forests or pastures , and closing off hi1lsides to facilitate afforestation;accelerating the development of environmental science and technology;popularizing environmental protection knowledge among the people and raising their awareness of environmental ethics and code of conduct;and finally taking vigorous action to promote international cooperation in environmental protection.工业污染防治是中 国环境保护工作的重点。我们通过调整产业、产品结构，通过结合技术改造推行清洁生产，完成了一大批污染治理项目。在治理工业污染的同时，政府加强了生态农业建设.把发展生态农业列为实现环境与经济协调发展的重大对策。生态农业建设使犯监生态环境得到了明显改善，荒山荒坡得到了治理，森林覆盖率得到了大幅度提高，水土流失也有所控制。

Prevention and control of industrial pollution is a priority , concern in China's environmental protection efforts.We have completed a great number of pollution-control projects through the readjustment of the industrial structure and product mix , and promoted clean production through technical transformation.While addressing industrial pollution , China has promoted the development of eco-agriculture.The government has taken the development of eco-agriculture as an important means to realize the coordinated development of the environment and the economy.The practice of eco-agriculture has brought about striking improvements in the agricultural ecological environment-barren hi1ls greened , forest acreage greatly raised , soil erosion controlled to some extent.众所周知，对生态环境和生物多样性的保护是环保工作的重点.经过长期努力，我国的生态环保和建设取得了较大的成就。我国野生动植物物种丰富，仅脊椎动物就有 6000 多种左右，高等植物3 万多种.为加快物种保护事业的发展，国家实施了”全国野生动植物保护及自然保护区建设工程'气自然保护区的建立，使一批具有代表性、典型性、科学研究价值的自然生态系统和珍稀濒危物种得到了有效保护.另外，全国还建立了野生动物拯救繁育基地 250 余处，野生植物基因保存中心 400 余处。我们欣慰地看到，200 多种珍稀濒危的野生动物和 1000 多种野生植物在人工照料下保持了稳定的种群，有的已成功回归大自然.It is known to all that protection of the ecological environment and biodiversity is the focal point of environmental protection work.Through protracted efforts China has made great achievements in the protection and nurturing of the ecological environment.China is rich in wildlife species.There are about 6,000 vertebrates alone and 30 ,000 species of higher plants.In order to accelerate the development of the conservation undertaking, the government implemented “the National Wildlife Conservation and Nature Reserves Development Program”.The establishment of nature reserves has put a number of representative and typical natural eco-systems with research value as well as rare and endangered species under effective protection.Moreover, we have established over 250 wild fauna rescue and breeding bases and 400 genetic reserves for wild flora.We are relieved by the fact that stable populations for 200 rare ' and endangered species of wild fauna and 1, OOO-odd rare and endangered species of wild flora are maintained under human watch.Some of the endangered species have been successfully reintroduced to nature.中国作为国际社会的成员，在努力保护自己的环境的同时，还积极参与国际环保事务，促进国际环保合作，并认真履行了国际义务。所有这些都充分表明了中国政府和人们保护全球环境的诚意和决心。

As a member of the international community, China, while making great efforts to protect its own environment, has taken an active part in international environmental protection affairs to promote international cooperation in environmental protection, and earnestly fulfilled its international obligations.All these efforts have fully demonstrated the sincerity and determination of the Chinese government and people to protect the global environment.26 女士们、先生们，人类在解决环境与发展的问题上仍然面临着大量的难题，任重而道远。中国将一如既往，与其他国家合作，为保护我们的生存环挠，为人类的幸福和繁荣，为造福下一代而奋斗.Ladies and gentlemen, humankind still faces a great many difficulties in solving the problems of the environment protection and development.There is a grand task to perform and a long way to go.China wil1, as it did in the past, work with other countries and strive for the protection of the environment for human survival , for the happiness and prosperity of humanity, and for the benefits of our children.2-3宴会招待......................................................................................................................................1 3-4文化差异......................................................................................................................................3 4-3经营之道......................................................................................................................................6 5-4新的长征......................................................................................................................................9 6-1 新春联欢(Celebrating the Spring Festival).............................................................................12 16-4用筷技艺..................................................................................................................................13 8—2传统节日(汉译英)......................................................................................................................16 12-3书法艺术..................................................................................................................................19 9-3 大学精神 The University Spirit.........................................................................错误！未定义书签。专利法规(英译中)..............................................................................................................................22 环境保护（汉译英）.........................................................................................................................24

第五篇：ARCGIS英汉对照

词汇索引（英汉对照）

A Absolute X,Y

X,Y的绝对坐标 Abstract

抽象，抽象类 Access

数据库文件

Activate

激活，使数据框架进入操作状态 Alias

字段假名 Aligned，alignment

字符注记对齐

Allocation

空间配置，临近分配 Animation

Annotation

Application

Attribute

Attribute table

Background

Band

Barrier

Basic tool bar

BMP

Border

Brightness

Buffer

Buffer zone

CAD feature dataset

Callout

Catalog

Categories

Cell

Cell size

Charts

Class

Classification

Clip

Coclass

Closest facility

Cluster tolerance

动画

地图注记、注记要素 应用，应用单元 属性

属性表 B

地图显示、制图的背景

影像波段

网络障碍

基本工具条

一种通用的图像数据格式

地图外框线、图廓线

图像显示亮度 临近、缓冲

临近区、缓冲区

C

CAD数据集

引线式注记

ArcCatalog的目录表、目录窗口

定性分类

栅格单元

栅格单元大小

统计图（同Graph）

类

分类

裁剪，一种叠合处理方式

visual basic 的组件类

最近设施

线簇容差

词汇索引（英汉对照）

Edge match

地图接边 Element

图形元素 Elevation

高程 End

端点 End node

线的终点 Endpoint

同End node Equal interval

等间距分类 Extend

线要素延伸 Extent(s)

数据的空间范围

Extensions

扩展、软件的扩展模块

F Facility

设施

Feature

要素、地理要素 Feature attribute table

要素属性表 Feature class

要素类

Feature dataset

要素数据集 Field

属性表的字段 Fill symbol

填充符号 Fillet

加圆角

From end

网络线段的起点、端点

G Geodatabase

地理数据库、空间数据库 Geographic coordinate system 地理坐标系

Geometric network

几何网络用于市政公用设施的网络数据模型 Geoprocessing

地理处理、空间处理 Gradient fill symbol

渐变填充符号 Graduated color

颜色渐变图 Graduated symbols

符号渐变图 Graph

统计图 Graphic

图形 Graphic element

图形元素 Graphic text

图形注记 Grid

格网

H Histogram

直方图（常用于影像分类）

词汇索引（英汉对照）

Marker symbol

点要素符号 Map document

地图文档 Map elements

地图制图元素 Map template

地图制图模板 Map topology

地图拓扑 Map units

地图单位

Match to symbol in a style 匹配某个格式文件中的符号 Merge

要素合并 Metadata

元要素

Multi band

多波段影像

Multi-part feature

组合要素，一个要素有多部分合并而成 Multiple attributes

多重属性

N Natural breaks

自然区分类

Neatline

图廓线、图框线、地图分割线 Network

网络

Network dataset

网络数据集

No data

无值的栅格单元 Nodata

同No data Normalization

归一化 North arrow

指北针

O Overlay

叠合、叠置 Overshoot

过长

OMDs(object model diagrams)对象模型图

OLE(object linking and embedding)对象连接和嵌入 Oneway

交通单向行驶

P Pan

图形平移

Path

基于栅格的路径 Parallel

平行 Perpendicular

垂线

Personal Geodatabase

个人地理数据库 Picture

图片

Pixel

像元、像素

词汇索引（英汉对照）

S Scale

地图比例

要素缩放 Scale bar

比例尺、图形比例尺 Scale range

比例范围

Scale text

比例说明、文字型比例尺 SDE(spatial database engine)

空间数据引擎 Segment

线要素的某一段 Select

选择

Selectable layer

Selected feature

Selected layer

Selection

Service area

Shape

Shapefile

Shortest path

Sketch

Slope

Snap，snapping

Spatial adjustment

Spatial join

Spatial reference

Split

Standard tool bar

Start node

Start point

Stop

Stretch

Style

Surface

Summarize

Symbol

Symbology

Symbol property editor

Table

Table of contents

Target(layer)

Template

Thiessen(polygon)

可选要素的图层

被选要素、入选要素

被选图层

选择、选择集

基于网络的服务区 要素的几何类型 一种空间数据格式

（基于栅格的）最短路径、最佳路径

任意线 坡度

捕捉

空间校正

空间连接

空间参照

线要素打断，插入结点 标准工具条

线要素的起点、起结点

文字注记的起始点

（网络）停靠站

拉伸，调整影像的显示灰度、颜色

地图符号式样

地面、地表

汇总统计

符号

符号规则，用于控制要素显示符号的对话框

符号特征编辑器 T

表、属性表

操作界面中的目录表

编辑的目标图层

模板、制图模板

泰森多边形

词汇索引（英汉对照）

Z Zoom

图形缩放 Zoom in

图形放大 Zoom out

图形缩小