第一篇：模联专业词汇中文only
模联专业词汇
弃权
Abstain在一个关于实体性问题的投票中，代表除了可以选择“是”或者“否”，还可以选择“弃权”。这意味着此代表既不支持也不反对正在进行投票表决的决议。
议程
Agenda点名完毕后，委员会所设定的议题讨论顺序。
修正案
Amendment修正案是用来对正在讨论的决议草案提出修改意见的文件。修正案分为两种：友好修正案与非友好修正案。
背景指导
Background Guide背景指导是一份关于会议即将讨论议题的调研报告，一般由会议主席团撰写，并在会前分发给各国代表。
约束力 Binding约束力是指联合国决议对成员国具有法律效力。安理会决议和联合国国际法庭的判决是具有约束力的；而联合国大会和经社委员会的决议不具有约束力。
国家集团
Bloc一组处于同一地理区域或者就某一议题有类似观点的国家。组成国家集团的决定性因素是具有共同的国家利益。
集团领导者 Bloc Leader在一个国家集团中充当着领导者的代表。
磋商
Caucus磋商是正式辩论过程中一种深入讨论议题的方式。磋商分为两种类型：有主持核心磋商和自由磋商。
主席
Chair主席是负责主持辩论、计时、裁决问题及动议，并执行会议流程的主席团成员。
委员会 Committee “委员会”是一个协商会议，一个由代表组成,按议事程序讨论议题并做出决策的有序组织。模拟联合国会议中的委员会大多模仿联合国主要机构、附属机构、规划署、基金会、调研及培训机构、特殊组织、实体和区域委员会建立。代表需依据所在委员会的职权范围和议事规则讨论相关议题。
危机 Crisis危机是会议进行当中，各国代表需要立即处理的突发性事件。模联会议中的危机一般由主席团在会前设置好，事件可能与代表们讨论的议题相关。事件的形式有若干种，可能是突发事件的新闻报道，可能是国际组织的文件，可能是相关人员的视频资料，也可能是外交官派出国政府发来的外交指令等。
主席团
Dais主席团由主席、会议总监和主席助理组成，负责组织模拟联合国的会议。代表
Delegate代表是模拟联合国会议中受委托或指派表达意见的人，可以代表一个联合国成员国，一个观察国，或一个国际组织。
代表团
Delegation代表团是模联会议中，在不同委员会代表同一个成员国或观察国的全体代表。代表团也指来自同一参与团体的所有代表，例如来自同一高中或大学的全体代表。会议总监
Director会议总监是负责监督代表角色扮演、文件写作及议题调研的主席团。决议草案
Draft Resolution决议草案是由代表草拟、为委员会所讨论的议题寻求解决方案的一种文件格式。如果被投票通过，那么决议草案就成为正式决议。在一个委员会中，有关同一个议题的决议草案只能通过一份。
指令草案 Draft Directive指令草案是针对危机处理的文件。指令草案的表决通过标志着危机的成功解决。指令草案由行动性条款构成。指令草案的行动措施要立即、有效，避免长远规划。代表可以对指令草案提出修正案，其中，非友好修正案也需要表决。
指导教师
Faculty Advisor指导教师是负责指导学生运营模拟联合国社团并训练模联代表团的教学人员。
会议流程
Flow of the Debate会议流程是模联会议中事件进行的顺序。正式辩论
Formal Debate在一个模联会议中标准形式的讨论。代表按照发言名单确定的顺序在规定时间内进行演讲。
友好修正案Friendly Amendment 友好修正案是原决议草案全部起草国均赞成的对决议草案内容的改动。在全部起草国签字同意后，一份修正案便成为友好修正案，并自动被加入到原决议草案中。
槌 Gavel主席用来维持模联委员会秩序的一个小木锤形状的工具。很多会议都把委员会中使用过的槌赠与主席团选出的该委员会的最佳代表。所以，这个词也常常用来指赠与最佳代表的奖励，哪怕事实上并没有。
地球村
Global Village在模联会议进行过程中举行的展示各国文化的活动。首席代表 Head Delegate首席代表是一个模联代表团中的领队。
支持 In favor of 即支持该动议通过。当超过半数的与会代表支持该动议通过，主席团才能予以执行。
游说 Lobbying游说是一种通过陈述观点来影响会场内他国代表意见的行为。
成员国
Member State一个批准了联合国宪章、并且加入申请已经被联合国大会和安理会接受的国家。目前联合国一共有192个成员国。唯一一个国际承认的非成员国家是教廷梵蒂冈。
有主持核心磋商
Moderated Caucus一种有特定主题、限总发言时间的磋商形式。有主持核心磋商可以让代表在短时间内关注更为具体的问题。
动议
Motion由代表提出的改变现有会议进程的建议，需要全体代表投票表决。这些动议的内容可以是进行磋商、休会、介绍决议草案或者进入投票阶段。
动议停止辩论
Motion to Close Debate动议结束辩论与动议暂停会议有所不同。当结束辩论的动议生效后，会议将进入投票阶段。此动议一般在代表认为立场已经得到充分阐述，且决议草案已较为完善的情况下提出。
动议有主持核心磋商动议
Motion for a Moderated Caucus代表通过动议有主持核心磋商来进行议题的深入讨论。有主持核心磋商讨论的主题、总时间、各代表发言时间由提出此动议的代表提出。
动议更改发言时间
Motion to Set Speaking Time代表可以通过动议更改发言时间，来重置每位代表在发言名单中的发言时间。
动议暂停会议
Motion to Suspend the Meeting代表动议暂停会议可以结束会议的一个阶段，并使会议进入休息时间。
动议自由磋商 Motion for an Unmoderated Caucus提出自由磋商动议的代表需要规定时间。一旦动议获得通过，在规定时间内代表可以离开座位，更为密切地和盟友们交换意见。模联人 MUNer曾经参与过或正在参与模拟联合国活动的人。
观察员
Observer一个不是联合国成员或某特定委员会成员的国家、政府组织、区域组织或者非政府组织。国家观察员可以对程序性问题投票，但是不能对实体性问题进行投票。例如教廷梵蒂冈和参与安全理事会巴以问题讨论的以色列。被讨论状态
On the floor在模联会议中，一份工作文件或者决议草案刚刚完成的时候不能够被讨论。只有在得到会议指导的认可并且被委员会介绍后，它才进入“被讨论状态”进而可以被广泛讨论。
行动性条款
Operative Clause决议中描述联合国将如何解决问题的部分，以动词第三人称单数（比如决定，成立，建议等等）开头。
Page 意向条 为了维持会场秩序，开会期间代表如有任何问题或者需要进行游说、沟通，都要通过书写并传递意向条的方式向其他代表或主席团成员表达。意向条的书写需要符合该委员会的工作语言要求。
Pager 意向条传递者 委员会中志愿在代表间或者代表与主席团之间暂时传递意向条代表。Parliamentary Procedure 议会议事程序 基于平衡原则，为保护各种人和人群的权利（包括意见占多数的人，意见占少数的人，甚至是每一个人，以及没有出席会议的人）而制定出的议事规则，即为议会议事程序。
Placard 国家牌 一块写着国家名称的硬纸，代表举起它回应点名或向主席示意希望发言。Point 问题 代表提出的关于信息或者相关行动的要求。包括程序性问题、询问性问题和个人权利问题。
Point of Order 组织性问题 当代表认为主席在主持会议中产生错误时，可提出组织性问题，以纠正主席错误。代表需要明晰该错误为何不符合该委员会的规则流程。组织性问题可以打断进程提出，但不能在讨论议题时提出。
Point of Inquiry 咨询性问题 当代表对于会议程序有不明白的地方时，可以在台上没有代表发言时举牌向主席咨询。
Point of Personal Privilege 个人特权问题 当代表在会场上感觉有任何身体上的不适时，可以提出个人特权问题，例如：无法听到台上代表讲话。
Position Paper 立场文件 一份针对委员会即将讨论议题的国家立场阐述文件，需要代表在会前书写完成并提交至主席团。
Preambulatory Clauses 序言性条款 决议中描述之前与议题有关的行动以及决议的必要性的部分。一般以分词或者形容词开头。Present 到/出席
“到”即为“出席”。当国家名在点名中被点到时，代表需高举国家牌并回答“到”。如果代表未及时出席，需到场后用意向条告知主席团。在一些特殊的委员会中，只有部分代表有权投票。在此情况下，有权投票的代表在点名中需回答“出席并投票”，其他代表只需回答“到”即可。
Procedural Questions 程序性问题 关于一个委员会运行方式的问题，与和议题相关的问题相反。所有出席会议的代表都必须就程序性问题投票而不能弃权。
法定人数
Quorum一个委员会或者会议需要出席的最小代表人数。在联合国大会，开始讨论的法定人数为成员的三分之一，通过决议则需要半数以上。在安理会没有开始讨论的法定人数，但是必须有9个以上成员出席才能通过一个决议。
主席助理
Rapporteur主席团中负责发言名单和点名程序的成员。
联合国机构通过的用于解决一个特别的问题或争议的文件。在联合国相当于法律。答辩权
Right of Reply回应前面发言人的评论的发言权利，当代表觉得个人受到其他代表发言的羞辱时采用。一般需要给主席一个书面的短签。
罗伯特议事规则 Robert’s Rules of Order 自1876年首次出版，由罗伯特将军编撰的《罗伯特议事规则》已成为世界上最广受承认的议事规则标准，也是模拟联合国规则流程制定的蓝本。无论对于议事专家、还是新上任的协会主席来说，它都是高效、有序、公平的会议的有力保障。
点名
Roll Call点名是模联委员会的第一个程序，其间会务报告人会大声读出委员会中每一个成员国的名称。当国家名被叫到的时候，代表需要回答“出席”或者“出席并投票”，回答“出席并投票”的代表在后面的实体性投票中不能弃权。
唱名表决
Roll Call Vote对决议草案的表决为唱名表决。主席团首先点名确认到场的国家代表，随后被点到国家名的代表需表决赞成、反对或弃权。对于一个议题，一个委员会只能通过一个决议草案，一旦有一份决议草案获得通过，将不会再对未表决的决议草案进行投票。
议事规则
Rules of procedure 模拟联合国会议召开所遵循的程序与规则。附议
Second赞同一个被提出的动议。很多动议必须有附议才能投票表决。秘书处
Secretariat秘书处又称组委会，主要负责模拟联合国会议的学术及会务组织工作，通常由学术总监、代表联系人、会务总监、技术总监等人员组成。
秘书长
Secretary General模拟联合国会议的最高负责人，掌控组委会及主席团的工作。附议国
Signatory希望一份决议草案能够被讨论并且签字支持此行为的国家。附议国并不一定支持此决议，而只是希望能够得到讨论。通常，模联会议对通过一个决议草案有最低起草国和附议国数量的要求。
简单多数
Simple Majority委员会中50%加1的代表人数。大多数投票所需要的人数。发言名单
Speakers’ List决定代表发言顺序的名单。任何时候只要一个新的议题开始讨论，主席都会要求所有愿意发言的代表举起国家牌,然后以逐一念出国家名的方式建立一个发言名单。在讨论中，代表可以随时向主席团传递意向条要求把自己加入发言名单。
发言时间 Speaking Time 正式辩论中的发言时间多指发言名单中每位代表拥有的发言时间。
三分之二多数 Two Thirds Majority议会议事规则中的三分之二多数是指全体出席及有投票权的代表中的三分之二均投赞成票。三分之二多数一般用于决议草案与指令草案的表决。自由磋商
Unmoderated Caucus一种代表可以离开座位自由组合与交谈的磋商形式。使在正式辩论和有主持核心磋商过程中程度上达不到的自由交换意见成为可能。经常在组成国家集团及写作工作文件和决议草案的时候采用。
非友好修正案Unfriendly Amendment 如果原决议草案的起草国未就此修正案达成一致性同意意见，该修正案即成为非友好修正案。非友好修正案需要征集到与会代表的20%作为附议国签名，才可以向大会主席提交。原决议草案的起草国不能成为非友好修正案的起草国或附议国，原决议草案的附议国则可以签署非友好修正案。
Veto 否决权中国、法国、俄罗斯、英国和美国具有的在安理会中投“否”而阻止决议草案通过的能力。
Vote 投票 代表们表示是否支持或者不支持一个针对委员会提出的行动的时刻。有两种类型：程序性和实体性。
Voting Procedure 投票阶段 在委员会会期将要结束时，代表们对提出的修正案和决议草案进行投票的一段时间。在此期间没有人可以进入或者离开。
工作文件
Working Paper一份由部分国家代表或某一利益集团提出的关于如何解决问题的想法的文件。通常是一份决议草案的雏形。
让渡 Yield正式辩论阶段发言结束所用时间仍有剩余且超过15秒时，代表把剩余时间用作其它事情的行为。
让渡给他国代表 Yield Time to Another Delegate让渡国代表和被让渡国代表协商一致后，被让渡国代表可在让渡国代表剩余发言时间内发言。如时间还有剩余，不得再让渡给另一位代表。
让渡给主席 Yield Time to the Chair代表将剩余时间让给主席，意味着代表将放弃时间。主席将继续主持会议。
让渡给问题 Yield Time to Questions代表将剩余时间让渡给问题，主席会请需要提问的代表举牌，并随机点出代表进行提问，发言代表可在剩余时间内回答任何被提出的问题，提问时间不占用剩余时间，提问内容必须与发言者的发言内容有关。
让渡给评论 Yield Time to Comments当代表将剩余时间让渡给评论，主席会请需要评论的代表举牌，并随机点出代表进行评论，让发言代表没有权利再一次进行观点的陈述或对评论进行反驳。这种让渡方式有一定风险，因为即使已经与盟国进行沟通，也不能保证主席所点出的进行评论的代表观点与发言代表完全一致。
第二篇：模联词汇
Abstain 弃权
During a vote on a substantive matter, a delegate may abstain rather than vote yes or no.This means that the delegate neither supports nor opposes the resolution on the go.在一个关于实体性问题的投票中，代表除了可以选择“是”或者“否”，还可以选择“弃权”。这意味着此代表既不支持也不反对正在进行投票表决的决议。Agenda 议程
Agenda is the order of topics to be discussed in a conference, usually being set after the roll call.点名完毕后，委员会所设定的议题讨论顺序。Amendment 修正案
Amendment is a form of document to amend a draft resolution.The two types of amendments are friendly amendment and unfriendly amendment.修正案是用来对正在讨论的决议草案提出修改意见的文件。修正案分为两种：友好修正案与非友好修正案。Background Guide 背景指导
A background guide is a research report of topics on the conference written by the dais and distributed to the delegates before the conference.背景指导是一份关于会议即将讨论议题的调研报告，一般由会议主席团撰写，并在会前分发给各国代表。Binding 约束力
Binding is the legal force to impose UN resolutions on the Member States.Resolutions of Security Council and the Internaitonal Court of Justice are binding.Decisions made by the General Assembly and Economic and Social Council are non-binding.约束力是指联合国决议对成员国具有法律效力。安理会决议和联合国国际法庭的判决是具有约束力的；而联合国大会和经社委员会的决议不具有约束力。Bloc 国家集团
A bloc is a group of countries within a same geographical region or holding similar country positions on a particular topic.The determining factor in forming a bloc is sharing the common national interests.一组处于同一地理区域或者就某一议题有类似观点的国家。组成国家集团的决定性因素是具有共同的国家利益。Bloc Leader 集团领导者
A bloc leader is the delegate who plays the leading role in a bloc.在一个国家集团中充当着领导者的代表。Caucus 磋商
Caucus is a form of discussion in formal debate, in which delegates may discuss a subtopic more specifically.There are two types of caucus: moderated caucus and un-moderated caucus.磋商是正式辩论过程中一种深入讨论议题的方式。磋商分为两种类型：有主持核心磋商和自由磋商。Chair 主席
Chair is a member of the dais who is responsible for moderating debate, timing, ruling on points and motions, and imposing the rules of procedure.主席是负责主持辩论、计时、裁决问题及动议，并执行会议流程的主席团成员。
Committee 委员会
A committee is a deliberative assembly, an organization comprising members who use parliamentary procedure for making decisions.In Model UN conference, committees are usually the simulations of principal organs, subsidiary bodies, programs, funds, research and training institutes, special organizations, entities or regional commissions of UN system.Delegates discuss relevant topics and resolutions according to the given functions, powers, and rules of procedure of the committees.“委员会”是一个协商会议，一个由代表组成,按议事程序讨论议题并做出决策的有序组织。模拟联合国会议中的委员会大多模仿联合国主要机构、附属机构、规划署、基金会、调研及培训机构、特殊组织、实体和区域委员会建立。代表需依据所在委员会的职权范围和议事规则讨论相关议题。Crisis 危机
“Crisis”, to which delegates must respond immediately, is an emergent matter or unexpected event that happens during a conference.Usually designed by the dais before the conference, a crisis may be related to the topic being discussed on the floor.The forms of crisis include
news report, official document from international organizations, video profile, or directive from embassies or governments.危机是会议进行当中，各国代表需要立即处理的突发性事件。模联会议中的危机一般由主席团在会前设置好，事件可能与代表们讨论的议题相关。事件的形式有若干种，可能是突发事件的新闻报道，可能是国际组织的文件，可能是相关人员的视频资料，也可能是外交官派出国政府发来的外交指令等。Dais 主席团
Usually consisted of a Chair, a Director and a Rapporteur, a dais is a group of people in charge of a Model UN conference.主席团由主席、会议总监和主席助理组成，负责组织模拟联合国的会议。Delegate 代表
Representing an UN Member State, an observer or an international organization, delegate is a person chosen or elected to express views in a Model UN conference.代表是模拟联合国会议中受委托或指派表达意见的人，可以代表一个联合国成员国，一个观察国，或一个国际组织。Delegation 代表团
Delegation is a group of delegates representing the same UN Member State, an observer or an international organization in a Model UN conference.Delegation is also used to describe the delegates from the same participating group, e.g.the same high school or college.代表团是指模联会议中，在不同委员会代表同一个成员国或观察国的全体代表。代表团也指来自同一参与团体的所有代表，例如来自同一高中或大学的全体代表。Director 会议总监
Director is a member of the dais who is in charge of overseeing delegates' role-playing, document writing and topic researching.会议总监是负责监督代表角色扮演、文件写作及议题调研的主席团成员。Draft Resolution 决议草案
Written by the delegates, draft resolution is a form of document that seeks to solve the issues addressed by a Model UN committee.If passed by the committee, the draft resolution will become a resolution.Only one draft resolution will be passed for each topic in a committee.决议草案是由代表草拟、为委员会所讨论的议题寻求解决方案的一种文件格
式。如果被投票通过，那么决议草案就成为正式决议。在一个委员会中，有关同一个议题的决议草案只能通过一份。Draft Directive 指令草案
Draft directive is a form of document that aims at successfully solving the crisis.A draft directive is only composed by operative clauses.The actions taken under the directive need to be instant and effective instead of long-term.Amandments are welcome to a draft directive, of which the unfriendly ones shall be passed after votes.指令草案是针对危机处理的文件。指令草案的表决通过标志着危机的成功解决。指令草案由行动性条款构成。指令草案的行动措施要立即、有效，避免长远规划。代表可以对指令草案提出修正案，其中，非友好修正案也需要表决。
Faculty Advisor 指导教师
Faculty Advisor is a teacher or faculty responsible for advising students to run a Model UN club and training a delegation.指导教师是负责指导学生运营模拟联合国社团并训练模联代表团的教学人员。
Flow of the Debate 会议流程
Flow of debate is the order in which events proceed during a Model UN conference.会议流程是模联会议中事件进行的顺序。Formal Debate 正式辩论
The standard type of debate at a Model UN conference, in which delegates speak for a certain period of time in the order based on the speakers' list.在一个模联会议中标准形式的讨论。代表按照发言名单确定的顺序在规定时间内进行演讲。
Friendly Amendment 友好修正案
A friendly amendment is a change to the draft resolution that all sponsors agree with.After the amendment signed by all of the draft resolution's sponsors and approved by the committee director or president, it will be automatically incorporated into the resolution.友好修正案是原决议草案全部起草国均赞成的对决议草案内容的改动。在全部起草国签字同意后，一份修正案便成为友好修正案，并自动被加入到原决议草案中。
Gavel 槌
The tool, shaped like a small wooden hammer, is used by the Chair to keep order within a Model UN committee.Many conferences give the gavel to the delegate recognized by the dais as the best in that committee;therefore, the term is frequently used to refer to the award given to the best delegate, even in cases where no actual gavel is given.主席用来维持模联委员会秩序的一个小木锤形状的工具。很多会议都把委员会中使用过的槌赠与主席团选出的该委员会的最佳代表。所以，这个词也常常用来指赠与最佳代表的奖励，哪怕事实上并没有。Global Village 地球村
Global Village is an activity in which delegates can display different cultures of the countries via exhibitions.在模联会议进行过程中举行的展示各国文化的活动。Head Delegate 首席代表
Head delegate is the chief representative of a Model UN delegation.首席代表是一个模联代表团中的领队。In favor of 支持
In favor is to agree to pass a motion.There must be over half of the delegates in favor of a motion in order to pass it.即支持该动议通过。当超过半数的与会代表支持该动议通过，主席团才能予以执行。Lobbying 游说
Lobbying is a form of advocacy with the intention of influencing decisions made by other delegates during a conference.游说是一种通过陈述观点来影响会场内他国代表意见的行为。Member State 成员国
A country that has ratified the Charter of the United Nations and whose application to join has been accepted by the General Assembly and Security Council.Currently, there are 192 member states.The only internationally recognized state that is not a member state is the Holy See.一个批准了联合国宪章、并且加入申请已经被联合国大会和安理会接受的国
家。目前联合国一共有192个成员国。唯一一个国际承认的非成员国家是教廷梵蒂冈。
Moderated Caucus 有主持核心磋商
A type of caucus with a specific topic and restricted total time, moderated Caucus enables delegates to focus on detailed problems in a short period of time.一种有特定主题、限总发言时间的磋商形式。有主持核心磋商可以让代表在短时间内关注更为具体的问题。Motion 动议
A suggestion made by a delegate to change the current process.A motion might refer to a caucus, an adjournment, an introduction to a draft resolution, or closing the debate.由代表提出的改变现有会议进程的建议，需要全体代表投票表决。这些动议的内容可以是进行磋商、休会、介绍决议草案或者进入投票阶段。Motion to Close Debate 动议停止辩论
A motion to close debate is not the same as the motion to suspend meeting.Rather, it is used to move the committee to a vote, usually when the delegate has made his or her country's position clear and there are enough and fully discussed draft resolutions on the floor.动议结束辩论与动议暂停会议有所不同。当结束辩论的动议生效后，会议将进入投票阶段。此动议一般在代表认为立场已经得到充分阐述，且决议草案已较为完善的情况下提出。
Motion for a Moderated Caucus 动议有主持核心磋商动议
Delegates make a motion for a moderated caucus in order to set a discussion on a specific topic.To motion for a moderated caucus, delegates are required to propose topic, total time and the speaking time for each delegate.代表通过动议有主持核心磋商来进行议题的深入讨论。有主持核心磋商讨论的主题、总时间、各代表发言时间由提出此动议的代表提出。Motion to Set Speaking Time 动议更改发言时间
Delegates propose a motion to set the speaking time for the purpose of setting or changing the amount of time each delegate has to speak in the speakers' list.代表可以通过动议更改发言时间，来重置每位代表在发言名单中的发言时间。
Motion to Suspend the Meeting 动议暂停会议
Delegates propose a motion to suspend the meeting for the purpose of ending a session and having a break.代表动议暂停会议可以结束会议的一个阶段，并使会议进入休息时间。Motion for an Unmoderated Caucus 动议自由磋商
A motion for an unmoderated caucus is usually proposed under the purpose to set a free discussion so that the delegates can exchange ideas with other delegates in your bloc.Delegates need to set the total time for an unmoderated caucus in the motion.提出自由磋商动议的代表需要规定时间。一旦动议获得通过，在规定时间内代表可以离开座位，更为密切地和盟友们交换意见。MUNer 模联人
People who have participated or are participating in Model UN activity.曾经参与过或正在参与模拟联合国活动的人。Observer 观察员
An observer is a state, national organization, regional organization, or non-governmental organization that is not a member of the UN nor a member of a specific committee, but participates in the debates.Observers can vote on procedural matters but not substantive matters, e.g.the Holy See or the State of Israel participating in the Security Council meeting regarding Israel-Palestine conflict.一个不是联合国成员或某特定委员会成员的国家、政府组织、区域组织或者非政府组织。国家观察员可以对程序性问题投票，但是不能对实体性问题进行投票。例如教廷梵蒂冈和参与安全理事会巴以问题讨论的以色列。On the floor 被讨论状态
At a Model UN conference, when a working paper or draft resolution is first written, it may not be discussed in debate.After it is approved by the Director and introduced by the committee, it is put “on the floor” and may be further discussed.在模联会议中，一份工作文件或者决议草案刚刚完成的时候不能够被讨论。只有在得到会议指导的认可并且被委员会介绍后，它才进入“被讨论状态”进而可以被广泛讨论。Operative Clause 行动性条款
Operative clause is a part of a resolution which describes how the UN will address a problem.The clauses are written with verbs in third person singular form as beginning(e.g.decides, establishes, recommends, etc.).决议中描述联合国将如何解决问题的部分，以动词第三人称单数（比如决定，成立，建议等等）开头。Page 意向条
In order to maintain the order of the conference, a delegate should write notes on pages to ask questions, lobby or negotiate with other delegates or a dais member during a session.Pages should be written in the official working language of the committee.为了维持会场秩序，开会期间代表如有任何问题或者需要进行游说、沟通，都要通过书写并传递意向条的方式向其他代表或主席团成员表达。意向条的书写需要符合该委员会的工作语言要求。Pager 意向条传递者
A delegate in a Model UN committee that has volunteered to pass pages from one delegate to another, or from a delegate to the dais, for a short period of time.委员会中志愿在代表间或者代表与主席团之间暂时传递意向条的代表。Parliamentary Procedure 议会议事程序
Parliamentary procedure is based on the consideration of the rights: of the majority, of the minority, of individual members, of absentee members, of all of these groups taken together.基于平衡原则，为保护各种人和人群的权利（包括意见占多数的人，意见占少数的人，甚至是每一个人，以及没有出席会议的人）而制定出的议事规则，即为议会议事程序。Placard 国家牌
A piece of cardstock with a country's name on it that a delegate raises in the air to answer the roll call or signal to the Chair that he or she wishes to speak.一块写着国家名称的硬纸板，代表举起它回应点名或向主席示意希望发言。Point 问题
A request raised by a delegate for information or for an action relating to that delegate.Examples include a point of order, a point of inquiry, and a point of personal privilege.代表提出的关于信息或者相关行动的要求。包括程序性问题、询问性问题和个人权利问题。Point of Order 组织性问题
A point of order is used when a delegate believes the chair has made an error in the running of the committee.The delegate should only specify the errors they believe were made in the formal committee procedure, but may not address when the topic being discussed.当代表认为主席在主持会议中产生错误时，可提出组织性问题，以纠正主席错误。代表需要明晰该错误为何不符合该委员会的规则流程。组织性问题可以打断进程提出，但不能在讨论议题时提出。Point of Inquiry 咨询性问题
A point of inquiry(also known as a point of parliamentary procedure)can be made when the floor is open(i.e.when no other delegate is speaking)in order to ask the chairperson a question regarding the rules of procedure.当代表对于会议程序有不明白的地方时，可以在台上没有代表发言时举牌向主席咨询。
Point of Personal Privilege 个人特权问题
A delegate may raise a point of personal privilege in order to inform the chairperson of a physical discomfort he or she is experiencing, such as not being able to hear another delegate's speech.当代表在会场上感觉有任何身体上的不适时，可以提出个人特权问题，例如：无法听到台上代表讲话。Position Paper 立场文件
An essay details a country's policies on the topics being discussed in the committee, usually written and delivered to the dais by delegates before a Model UN conference.一份针对委员会即将讨论议题的国家立场阐述文件，需要代表在会前书写完成并提交至主席团。
Preambulatory Clauses 序言性条款
The part of a resolution that describes previous actions taken on the topic and reasons why the resolution is necessary.It begins with a participle or adjective(e.g.noting, concerned, regretting, aware of, recalling, etc.).决议中描述之前与议题有关的行动以及决议的必要性的部分。一般以分词或者形容词开头。Present 到/出席
“Present” refers to “in attendance”.Delegates who are in presence are required to raise up their placards and answer “Present” when their countries' names are called during the roll call.Delegates need to send pages to the dais to inform their attendance if they didn't arrive at the conference on time.In special committees consisting of delegates with rights to vote and those without, delegates need to announce “Present and Voting” or “Present” according to the procedure.“到”即为“出席”。当国家名在点名中被点到时，代表需高举国家牌并回答“到”。如果代表未及时出席，需到场后用意向条告知主席团。在一些特殊的委员会中，只有部分代表有权投票。在此情况下，有权投票的代表在点名中需回答“出席并投票”，其他代表只需回答“到”即可。Procedural Questions 程序性问题
关于一个委员会运行方式的问题，与和议题相关的问题相反。所有出席会议的代表都必须就程序性问题投票而不能弃权。Having to do with the way a committee runs, as opposed to the topic being discussed.All delegates present must vote on procedural matters and may not abstain.Quorum 法定人数
The minimum number of delegates needed to be present for a committee to meet.In the General Assembly, a quorum consists of one third of the members to begin debate, and a majority of members to pass a resolution.In the Security Council, no quorum exists for the body to debate, but more than nine members must be present to pass a resolution.一个委员会或者会议需要出席的最小代表人数。在联合国大会，开始讨论的法定人数为成员的三分之一，通过决议则需要半数以上。在安理会没有开始讨论的法定人数，但是必须有9个以上成员出席才能通过一个决议。Rapporteur 主席助理
A member of the dais whose duties include keeping the speakers' list and taking the roll call.主席团中负责发言名单和点名程序的成员。Resolution 决议
A document that has been passed by an organ of the UN that aims to address a particular problem or issue.To the UN, a resolution is the equivalent of a law.联合国机构通过的用于解决一个特别的问题或争议的文件。在联合国相当于法律。
Right of Reply 答辩权
A right to speak in reply to a previous speaker's comment, invoked when a delegate feels personally insulted by another's speech.It generally requires a written note to the Chair to be invoked.回应前面发言人的评论的发言权利，当代表觉得个人受到其他代表发言的羞辱时采用。一般需要给主席一个书面的短签。Robert's Rules of Order 罗伯特议事规则
After General Henry M.Robert brought the publication of Pocket Manual of Rules of Order to the ordinary societies in 1876, Robert Rules of Order has been recognized as a time-tested method of conducting business at meetings and public gatherings in world wide.It can be adapted to fit the needs of any organization.Today, Robert's Rules of Order newly revised is the basic handbook of operation for most clubs, organizations and other groups including Model United Nations.自1876年首次出版，由罗伯特将军编撰的《罗伯特议事规则》已成为世界上最广受承认的议事规则标准，也是模拟联合国规则流程制定的蓝本。无论对于议事专家、还是新上任的协会主席来说，它都是高效、有序、公平的会议的有力保障。Roll Call 点名
Roll call is the first order of business in a Model UN committee, during which the Rapporteur reads aloud the names of each member state in the committee.When a delegate's country's name is called, he or she may respond “present” or “present and voting.” A delegate responding “present and voting” may not abstain on a substantive vote.点名是模联委员会的第一个程序，其间会务报告人会大声读出委员会中每一个成员国的名称。当国家名被叫到的时候，代表需要回答“出席”或者“出席并投票”，回答“出席并投票”的代表在后面的实体性投票中不能弃权。Roll Call Vote 唱名表决
The special voting procedure to draft resolution is roll call vote.After the roll call, delegates may vote for yes, no or abstain on each draft resolution.Each committee will only pass one draft resolution
on each topic.Other draft resolutions will not be voted as long as one has been passed.对决议草案的表决为唱名表决。主席团首先点名确认到场的国家代表，随后被点到国家名的代表需表决赞成、反对或弃权。对于一个议题，一个委员会只能通过一个决议草案，一旦有一份决议草案获得通过，将不会再对未表决的决议草案进行投票。Rules of procedure 议事规则
The rules by which a Model UN committee is run.模拟联合国会议召开所遵循的程序与规则。Second 附议
Second is to agree with a motion being proposed.Many motions must be seconded before they are brought to a vote.赞同一个被提出的动议。很多动议必须有附议才能投票表决。Secretariat 秘书处
Secretariat is the organ in charge of conference affairs;normally it consists of Director of Academics, Liaison(Delegate Coordinator), Director of Logistics, Director of Technology etc.秘书处又称组委会，主要负责模拟联合国会议的学术及会务组织工作，通常由学术总监、代表联系人、会务总监、技术总监等人员组成。Secretary General 秘书长
The supreme leader of the Model UN conference, in charge of the secretariat and dais.模拟联合国会议的最高负责人，掌控组委会及主席团的各项工作。Signatory 附议国
A country that wishes a draft resolution to be put on the floor and signs the draft resolution to accomplish this.A signatory need not support a resolution;it only wants it to be discussed.Usually, Model UN conferences require some minimum number of sponsors and signatories for a draft resolution to be approved.希望一份决议草案能够被讨论并且签字支持此行为的国家。附议国并不一定支持此决议，而只是希望能够得到讨论。通常，模联会议对通过一个决议草案有最低起草国和附议国数量的要求。Simple Majority 简单多数
50% plus one to the number of delegates in a committee.It is the amount needed to pass most votes.委员会中50%加1的代表人数。大多数投票所需要的人数。Speakers' List 发言名单
A list that determines the order in which delegates will speak.Whenever a new topic is opened for discussion, the Chair will create a speakers' list by asking all delegates wishing to speak to raise their placards and calling on them one at a time.During debate, a delegate may indicate that he or she wishes to be added to the speakers' list by sending a note to the dais.决定代表发言顺序的名单。任何时候只要一个新的议题开始讨论，主席都会要求所有愿意发言的代表举起国家牌,然后以逐一念出国家名的方式建立一个发言名单。在讨论中，代表可以随时向主席团传递意向条要求把自己加入发言名单。
Speaking Time 发言时间
The time of public speaking in formal debate usually refers to the time for each delegate in the speakers' list.正式辩论中的发言时间多指发言名单中每位代表拥有的发言时间。Two Thirds Majority 三分之二多数
A two thirds majority in parliamentary procedure requires at least two thirds of the entire membership(as two thirds of those present and voting)vote in favor.This is usually used when the committee is voting on draft resolutions or draft directives.议会议事规则中的三分之二多数是指全体出席及有投票权的代表中的三分之二均投赞成票。三分之二多数一般用于决议草案与指令草案的表决。Unmoderated Caucus 自由磋商
A type of caucus in which delegates leave their seats to mingle and speak freely.Enables the free sharing of ideas to an extent which is not possible in formal debate or even a moderated caucus.Frequently used to sort countries into blocs and to write working papers and draft resolutions.一种代表可以离开座位自由组合与交谈的磋商形式。使在正式辩论和有主持核心磋商过程中程度上达不到的自由交换意见成为可能。经常在组成国家集团及写作工作文件和决议草案的时候采用。非友好修正案Unfriendly Amendment
An unfriendly amendment is a change that some or all of the draft resolution's sponsors do not support and must be voted upon by the committee.The author(s)of the amendment will need to obtain a required number of signatories in order to introduce it(usually 20 percent of the committee).Prior to voting on the draft resolution, the committee votes on all unfriendly amendments.The sponsor of the draft resolution can not become the sponsor nor signatories to an unfriendly amendment, while the signatories of the draft resolution may sign it.如果原决议草案的起草国未就此修正案达成一致性同意意见，该修正案即成为非友好修正案。非友好修正案需要征集到与会代表的20%作为附议国签名，才可以向大会主席提交。原决议草案的起草国不能成为非友好修正案的起草国或附议国，原决议草案的附议国则可以签署非友好修正案。Veto 否决权
The ability, held by China, France, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, and the United States to prevent any draft resolution in the Security Council from passing by voting no.中国、法国、俄罗斯、英国和美国具有的在安理会中投“否”而阻止决议草案通过的能力。Vote 投票
A time at which delegates indicate whether they do or do not support a proposed action for the committee.There are two types: procedural and substantive.代表们表示是否支持或者不支持一个针对委员会提出的行动的时刻。有两种类型：程序性和实体性。Voting Procedure 投票阶段
The period at the end of a committee session during which delegates vote on proposed amendments and draft resolutions.Nobody may enter or leave the room during voting procedure.在委员会会期将要结束时，代表们对提出的修正案和决议草案进行投票的一段时间。在此期间没有人可以进入或者离开。Working Paper 工作文件
A document in which the ideas of some delegates on how to resolve an issue are proposed.Frequently the precursor to a draft resolution.一份由部分国家代表或某一利益集团提出的关于如何解决问题的想法的文件。通常是一份决议草案的雏形。
Yield 让渡
Speakers shall yield the floor at the end of their speech when the remaining speaking time is over 15 seconds.正式辩论阶段发言结束所用时间仍有剩余且超过15秒时，代表把剩余时间用作其它事情的行为。
Yield Time to Another Delegate 让渡给他国代表
After the completion of a speakers' list speech, a delegate may yield time to another delegate.This means that with the remaining time in the speech, another delegate will be able to elaborate on the ideas that the first delegate presented.Please note that only one yield may be made per speaker on the speakers' list.让渡国代表和被让渡国代表协商一致后，被让渡国代表可在让渡国代表剩余发言时间内发言。如时间还有剩余，不得再让渡给另一位代表。Yield Time to the Chair 让渡给主席
After the completion of a speakers' list speech, a delegate may yield to the chair.This means that the chair will absorb the remaining time in the speech(meaning nothing will happen with any time remaining).代表将剩余时间让给主席，意味着代表将放弃时间。主席将继续主持会议。Yield Time to Questions 让渡给问题
After the completion of a speakers' list speech, a delegate may yield time to questions.This means that with the remaining time, the chair will call upon other delegates to ask questions to the delegate that is giving the speech.The time taken for a delegate to ask the question will not be counted towards the time remaining in the speech.Please note that the questions asked must pertain to the speech that was just given.代表将剩余时间让渡给问题，主席会请需要提问的代表举牌，并随机点出代表进行提问，发言代表可在剩余时间内回答任何被提出的问题，提问时间不占用剩余时间，提问内容必须与发言者的发言内容有关。Yield Time to Comments 让渡给评论
If the speaker intends on yielding time to another delegate, he/she should be sure that the delegate yielded to will support his/her ideas.After the completion of a speakers' list speech, a delegate may yield to comments.This means that within remaining time, the comments can be made by any delegate.Note that the comment must pertain to the original speech.当代表将剩余时间让渡给评论，主席会请需要评论的代表举牌，并随机点出代表进行评论，让发言代表没有权利再一次进行观点的陈述或对评论进行反驳。这种让渡方式有一定风险，因为即使已经与盟国进行沟通，也不能保证主席所点出的进行评论的代表观点与发言代表完全一致。
第三篇：模联词汇
1、表明自己国家立场的词汇（在陈述时使用）
China thinks/believes/realizes/affirms/claims/states/addresses/declares/notices/considers/reminds/recalls/observes that….China is aware of…China bears in mind /keeps in mind
2、表明自己国家意愿
China hopes/wishes /desires that
China appeals to /expects to/devotes attention to/would like to China accepts sth..China encourages…
3、强调自己国家立场
China reiterates/emphasizes/reaffirms/
China takes sth into account/ notes with deep concern/ takes sth into consideration
4、呼吁建议别国做某事
China calls upon/suggests/purposes/commends/recommends/demands/requires/appeals that China urges to/calls for
5、表达反对观点
China disapproves/
6、赞同他国代表的话
China expresses its appreciation/ express its satisfaction /notes with approval/views with appreciation China supports/endorses that China highly appreciates sth/ is delighted to/ is eager to，7、表达愤怒同情等感情
China strongly condemns/deplores/ deeply regret /feels deeply disturbed/ solemnly affirms that China expresses its deepest sympathy and condolences to
8、常用副词（表示程度）Fully, further, deeply ,highly
9、补充词汇
forntier region, border region 边界地区 boundary negotiation 边界谈判 status quo of the boundary 边界现状
never to attach any conditions 不附带任何条件 non-aligned countries 不结盟国家 consultations/negotiations 磋商 the third world 第三世界 imperialism 帝国主义
developing countries 发展中国家 dependency 附庸国
generally-accepted principles of international relations 公认的国际关系原则 joint action 共同行动 normalization of relations 关系正常化
an established principle of international law 国际法准则
rudimentary code of international relations 国际关系中最起码的准则 international waters 国际水域 international situation 国际形势 merger of states 国家合并 national boundary 国界 maritime resources 海洋资源
mutual understanding and mutual accommodation 互谅互让 exchange of needed goods 互通有无 mitigate 缓和
fundamental rights 基本权利
reduction or cancellation of debts 减轻债务负担 Near East近东
right of residence 居留权
arms dealer, merchant of death 军火商 territorial sea 领海
limits of territorial sea 领海范围 breadth of territorial sea 领海宽度 territorial air 领空 territorial waters 领水
inalienability of territory 领土的不可割让性 territorial jurisdiction 领土管辖权 territorial contiguity 领土毗连 territorial integrity 领土完整 refugee camp 难民营
country of one's residence 侨居国
complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons 全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器 people-to-people contacts and exchanges 人民之间的联系和交流 sacred and inviolable 神圣不可侵犯 ecocide 生态灭绝
practical, efficient, economical and convenient for use 实用，有效，廉价，方便 bilateral and multilateral economic cooperation 双边和多边经济合作 bilateral trade 双边贸易 dual nationality 双重国籍 trusteeship 托管制度 outer space 外层空间
sole legal government 唯一合法政府
loans with no or low interest 无息和低息贷款
colonialism and neo-colonialism 新老殖民主义
delayed repayment of capital and interest 延期还本付息 extradition 引渡 Zionism 犹太复国主义 friendly exchanges 友好往来 disputed areas 有争议的地区 fishery resources 渔业资源 political offender 政治犯 political fugitive 政治逃犯 Middle East, Mideast 中东
neutral state, neutral country 中立国 neutralized state 永久中立国
apartheid, racial segregation 种族隔离 genocide 种族灭绝 sovereign state 主权国家
exclusive economic zone 专属经济区 suzerain state, metropolitan state 宗主国 suzerainty 宗主权
to maintain neutrality 保持中立
to safeguard national sovereignty and national resources 保卫国家主权和民族资源 to take concerted steps 采取协调行动
to undertake obligations in respect of the nuclear-free zone 对无核区承担义务
to develop relations of peace and friendship, equality and mutual benefit, and prolonged stability 发展和平友好、平等互利、长期稳定的关系
to develop the national economy 发展民族经济 to peddle munitions 贩卖军火
All countries, big or small, should be equal.国家不分大小，应该一律平等 to establish normal state relations 建立正常的国家关系 to seek a fair and reasonable solution 求得公平合理的解决 to make up for each other's deficiencies 取长补短
to negotiate through diplomatic channels 通过外交途径进行谈判
to safeguard national independence and the integrity of sovereignty 维护国家独立和主权完整 to safeguard world peace 维护世界和平
to solve disputes by peaceful means 用和平手段解决争端
in consideration of the actual conditions 照顾现实情况
回顾性条款用语
• Affirming, Reaffirming, Alarmed by;• Aware of, Bearing in mind, Fully aware;• Realizing, Recognizing, Taking into account;表达希望或遗憾的用语
• Desiring, Expecting, Seeking, Welcoming • Noting with deep concern, Noting with regret
• Fully believing, Believing, Viewing with appreciation
• 表肯定与支持
• Accepts, Affirms, Approves, Endorses, Reaffirms;• Confirms, Emphasizes, Supports, Trusts, Believes;• 表否定与遗憾 • Deplores, Regrets, Condemns, Expresses its concern;• 表建议
• Expresses its hope, Further invites, Encourages;
• Suggests, Requests, Recommends, Calls, Urges.• 肯定：Affirms, Reaffirms, Confirms;• 强调：Emphasizes, Underlines;• 谴责：Condemns, Deplores, Regrets;• 赞赏：Endorses, Expresses its appr • 赞赏：Endorses, Expresses its appreciation;• 建议：Suggests, Calls upon/for, Recommends;• 决定：Decides, Demands, Requests, Urges;• 程度词：Further, Fully, Strongly, Deeply
.Introductory Note General Assembly(GA)联合国大会 procedural adj.程序的
affirmative adj.肯定的 affirmative vote 赞成票
five permanent members of the Security Council Economic and Social Council 经社会 consideration n.考虑 retain v.保留Preamble preamble n.前言 scourge n.灾难 fundamental adj.基本的
tolerance n.容忍 institution n.制定
institution of method 制定方案 machinery n.机制 promotion n.提升 Chapter 1 principle n.原则 collective adj.集体的 suppression n.镇压 breach n./v.破坏
conformity n.一致 adjustment n.调整 humanitarian adj.人道主义的
harmonize v.协调 attainment n.达到
pursuit n.追求
安理会的五个常任理事国 sovereign n.(国家)主权 dispute refrain n.争端 v.抑制
领土完整
政权独立 territorial integrity Chapter 2 ratify v.批准, 认可 admission n.承认 expel Chapter 3 v.逐出 political independence Trusteeship Council 托管委员会 International Court of Justice 国际法院 Secretariat n.秘书处
subsidiary n.附属的 eligibility n.合格 capacity n.职位 Chapter 4 disarmament n.裁军 armament n.军备 notify impair v.通告
n.法典 v.损害 codification designate v.指明
strategic adj.重要的, 战略的 apportion v.分摊
expulsion n.逐出(expel的名词)arrear Chapter 5 equitable adj.公平的
geographical distribution 地理分布 prompt confer abstain Chapter 6 pacific enquiry adj.和平的
n.交涉 n.询问
n.安抚
司法解决 negotiation adj.迅速的 v.商讨
一致通过
v.弃权 n.到期未付款
convoke v.召集
concurring votes periodic adj.定期的
mediation n.调停 conciliation arbitration n.仲裁 judicial settlement friction n.摩擦
Chapter 7 trust territory n.托管领土 mandate v.把(某一地区)置于委任管理下 detach v.分离
construe v.解释 Chapter 13 petition annex statute n.请求 v.附属 n.法令 Chapter 14 ipso facto adv.根据实施 incumbent adj.负有义务的 recourse v.求助 Chapter 15 Secretary-General 秘书长 Chapter 16 miscellaneous adj.多方面的 invoke v.援引
immunity n.豁免权 Chapter 18 amendment agenda Chapter 19 authentic adj.可靠的 archives n.档案
aggravation comply provisional telegraphic n.加剧 adj.暂时的 adj.电报的 v.顺从 n.修正案 n.议程
desirable adj.理应的 severance n.断绝 demonstration n.示威 blockade n.封堵
signatory state 签约国, 附议国 contingent n.代表团, 分队 authorization consultation mutual n.授权 n.咨询
regional n.地方性的
adj.双方的
confront v.面临 inherent adj.固有的 Chapter 8 preclude v.阻止 consistent adj.一致的 constitute v.建立 utilize Chapter 9 vest v.授予 Chapter 10 observance convention competence furnish assign n.遵守 n.公约 n.职能范围 v.利用
contemplation n.计划
prescribe v.规定
v.提供 v.分配
n.委员会 n.审议 commission deliberation Chapter 11 paramount sacred convene v.集合
adj.极为重要的
adj.神圣的
adj.建设性的 adj.大都市的 n.监督 n.托管领土 aspiration n.志向 constructive metropolitan Chapter 12 supervision trust territory detach mandate v.把(某一地区)置于委任管理下
v.分离
construe v.解释 Chapter 13 petition annex statute n.请求 v.附属 n.法令 Chapter 14 ipso facto adv.根据实施 incumbent adj.负有义务的 recourse v.求助 Chapter 15 Secretary-General 秘书长 Chapter 16 miscellaneous adj.多方面的 invoke v.援引
immunity n.豁免权 Chapter 18 amendment n.修正案 agenda n.议程
Chapter 19 authentic adj.可靠的 archives n.档案
第四篇：模联词汇
Introductory Note General Assembly(GA)联合国大会 procedural adj.程序的 affirmative adj.肯定的 affirmative vote 赞成票
five permanent members of the Security Council 安理会的五个常任理事国 Economic and Social Council 经社会 consideration n.考虑 retain v.保留
Preamble preamble n.前言 scourge n.灾难
fundamental adj.基本的 tolerance n.容忍 institution n.制定
institution of method 制定方案 machinery n.机制 promotion n.提升
Chapter 1 principle n.原则 collective adj.集体的 suppression n.镇压 breach n./v.破坏 conformity n.一致 adjustment n.调整
humanitarian adj.人道主义的 harmonize v.协调 attainment n.达到 pursuit n.追求
sovereign n.(国家)主权 dispute n.争端 refrain v.抑制
territorial integrity 领土完整 political independence 政权独立
Chapter 2 ratify v.批准, 认可 admission n.承认 expel v.逐出
Chapter 3 Trusteeship Council 托管委员会 International Court of Justice 国际法院 Secretariat n.秘书处 subsidiary n.附属的 eligibility n.合格 capacity n.职位
Chapter 4 disarmament n.裁军 armamentn.军备 notify v.通告
codification n.法典 impair v.损害 designate v.指明
strategic adj.重要的, 战略的 apportion v.分摊
expulsion n.逐出(expel的名词)arrear n.到期未付款 convoke v.召集
Chapter 5 equitable adj.公平的 geographical distribution 地理分布 prompt adj.迅速的 confer v.商讨
concurring votes 一致通过 abstain v.弃权 periodic adj.定期的Chapter 6 pacific adj.和平的 negotiation n.交涉 enquiry n.询问 mediationn.调停 conciliation n.安抚 arbitration n.仲裁
judicial settlement 司法解决 friction n.摩擦
Chapter 7 aggravation n.加剧 comply v.顺从
provisional adj.暂时的 desirable adj.理应的 telegraphic adj.电报的 severance n.断绝 demonstration n.示威 blockade n.封堵
signatory state 签约国, 附议国 contingent n.代表团, 分队 authorization n.授权 consultation n.咨询 regional n.地方性的 mutual adj.双方的 confront v.面临 inherent adj.固有的Chapter 8 preclude v.阻止 consistentadj.一致的 constitute v.建立 utilize v.利用
contemplation n.计划
Chapter 9 vest v.授予
Chapter 10 observance n.遵守 convention n.公约 competence n.职能范围 prescribe v.规定 furnish v.提供 assign v.分配
commission n.委员会 deliberation n.审议 convene v.集合Chapter 11 paramount adj.极为重要的 sacred adj.神圣的 aspiration n.志向
constructive adj.建设性的 metropolitan adj.大都市的Chapter 12 supervision n.监督 trust territory n.托管领土
mandate v.把(某一地区)置于委任管理下 detach v.分离 construe v.解释
Chapter 13 petition n.请求
Chapter 14 annex v.附属 statute n.法令
ipso facto adv.根据实施 incumbent adj.负有义务的 recourse v.求助
Chapter 15 Secretary-General 秘书长
Chapter 16 miscellaneous adj.多方面的 invoke v.援引 immunity n.豁免权
Chapter 17
Chapter 18 amendment n.修正案 agenda n.议程
Chapter 19 authentic adj.可靠的 archives n.档案
第五篇：模联常用词汇
1.Amendment 修正 2.Badge胸卡.3.Deprive the right to rote 取消表决权 4.Chair主席
5.Close the debate 结束辩论 6.Director会议指导 7.Delegate 代表 8.Deputy 副代表
9.Head Delegate 代表团团长，领队 10.Faculty Advisor代表团指导 11.Delegation Bloc代表团.12.Distribution 分发.13.Document officer 文件分发.人员 14.Drafting committee 起草委员会 15.Draft Resolution 决议草案 16.Draw lots 抽签
17.Elect by an absolute(a simple)majority 以绝对（简单）多数选出 18.Emergency meeting 紧急会议 19.Enjoy privileges 享受特权 20.Entry into force 开始生效
21.Executive secretary 执行秘书
22.Exercise the right of vote.行使表决权 23.Expert 专家
24.Explain one’s rote 对所.投的票加以说明 25.Extend the term of office 延长任期 26.Extraordinary session 特别会议 27.Fill a vacancy 补缺 28.Final report 最后报告
29.First ballot 第一次投票表决 30.First priority 最优先项目
31.Fix the timetable of the settings 安排各次会议的时间表 32.Foot-note 脚注 33.Gallery 旁听席
34.General committee 总务.委员会 35.General debate 一般性辩论
36.Geographical distribution 按地域分配 37.Give a ruling 作出裁定 38.Give a warning 警告.39.Give up one’s turn to speak in favour of 把自己的发言机会让给 40.Give up the office t.o chairman 放弃主席的职务 41.Go back upon a vote 重新表决.42.Governing body 执行机构
43.Hand over the Chair to the Vice-chairman 让副主席担任主席.44.Have priority 有优先权 45.Have the initiative 有倡议权 46.Head of delegation 代表团团长 47.Heading 标题
48.Honorary president 名誉主席（会长）49.Host country 东道国
50.I am authorized by my government 我受本国政府授权 51.I ask for the floor 我请求发言 52.I give the floor to 我请…（发言）
53.I speak in my capacity of 我以…身份发言 54.Immunities 豁免
55.Implement the provisions of a Convention 实施公约的规定 56.Impose a vote 行使否决权
57.In a private capacity 以私人身份 58.In an official capacity 以官方身份
59.In an unofficial capacity 以非官方身份 60.In the hands of chairman 听从主席决定 61.Include in the agenda 列入议程 62.Information desk 问讯处（台）63.Infringement 违反行为
64.Initiate a discussion 进行讨论 65.Instructions 指示、命令
66.International instrument 国际文件（特指国际公约等）67.Interrupt a vote 中断表决
68.Intervene in a debate 参加辩论
69.Invite speakers to be brief 请发言人简明扼要些 70.Invoke the chairman’s authority 请使用主席的权利 71.Leave it to the decision of the majority 由多数决定 72.Item on the agenda 议程项目
73.Leave the matter to the chairman’s decision 把事情交由主席决定 74.Legal adviser 法律顾问 75.List of delegates 代表名单 76.List of speakers 发言人名单 77.Lobby 大厅、休息厅
78.Maintain one’s candidature 保持候选资.格.79.Maintain order 维持秩序
80.Make a personal statement 以个人名义发表声明.81.Memorandum 备忘录
82.Merge together several amendments 把几个修正案合并起来 83.Microphone 麦克风 84.Minutes 会议记录
85.Motion to Change the Speaking Time 动议更.改发言时间 86.Motion for a Moderated Caucus 动议有主持核心商榷 87.Motion for an Un-moderated Caucus 动议自由商榷 88.Motion to Close Debate 动议结束辩论 89.Move that a separate vote be taken 提议分开表决 90.Move the closure of debate 动议结束辩论 91.Negative vote 反对票 92.Note 照会
93.Note a statement 将一个声明载入记录
94.Note a violation of the rules 指出对规则的破坏 95.Object in principle 在原则上反对 96.Observer 观察员
97.Occupy the chair 担任主席 98.Office 职务
99.Official languages 正式语言 100.Official meeting 正式会议
101.Open a debate on procedure 开始程序问题的辩论 102.Open the Speakers’ List 产生发言名单 103.Oppose a proposal 反对一个建议 104.Original text 原文 105.Overrule 驳回 106.Page 意向条
107.Participants 参加者
108.Party to a convention 公约缔约国 109.Pass a vote of censure 通过指责决议 110.Permanent delegate 常人代表，常驻代表 111.Placard 国家牌
112.Place a statement on record 将一个声明载入纪录 113.Place at the end of the agenda 列在议程末尾 114.Platform 主席台
115.Plenary assembly 116.Plenipotentiary 全权代表 117.Point of Inquiry 咨询性问题 118.Point of Order 程序性问题
119.Point of Personal Privilege 个人特权问题 120.Position Paper.立场文件 121.Postpone a vote.延期表决
122.Postpone the discussion.推迟讨论
123.Postpone to the next session(sitting).延到.下一届（次）会 124.Preamble 序言
125.Preparatory committee 筹备委员会 126.Preparatory meeting 预备会议
127.President(submit)an amendment in writing 提出书面修正案 128.Press gallery 新闻记者席 129.Press releases 新闻稿 130.Press-officer 新闻官
131.Private meeting 秘密会议
132.Proceed to the discussion of the articles 开始讨论条款 133.Proceed to a second reading 进行二读 134.Proceed to a vote.进行表决
135.Programme of meetings 会议日程表 136.Programme of work 工作日程
137.Progress report 工作进展情况报告.138.Protocol 议定书
139.Provisional agenda 临时议程 140.Public gallery 公众旁听席 141.Public meeting 公开会议
142.Put a question to the vote 把问题付诸表决 143.Put a written question 提出书面问题
144.Put one’s name on the list of speakers 登记发言 145.Questionnaire 调查表，问题单
146.Raise a point of order 提出程序问题
147.Raise an objection of principle 提出原则性的反对意见 148.Rappotuer 主席助理，报告员 149.Ratify a Convention 批准公约
150.Recall the terms of the rules 忆及规则的条款 151.Recommendation 建议
152.Record in the minutes 列入会议记录
153.Refer to existing traditions 参照现存惯例 154.Refer to the text 参照原文
155.Refuse an appointment 不接受责任、职务 156.Refuse an office 不接受职务
157.Refuse to take the initiative 拒绝带头 158.Regional conference 规则（条例，规章）
159.Remit to the appropriate committee 送交主管的委员会 160.Renewal of term of office 连任
161.Renounce the office of chairman 辞去主席的职务 162.Report 报告
163.Representation 代表权 164.Representative 代表.165.Request a legal opinion 征询法律意见
166.Request the speaker to keep the point under discussion 请发言人不要离开主题
167.Reservations 保留
168.Reserve one’s right to answer at a later stage 保留以后再答复的权利 169.Resolution 决议
170.Resolution committee 决议委员会.171.Restrict the time accorded to speakers 限制发言时间 172.Resume a debate 继续辩论 173.Resume a sitting 继续开会
174.Resume the chairmanship 继续担任主席 175.Right of vote 表决权 176.Role Call 点名 177.Rostrum 讲台
178.Round table meeting 圆桌会议 179.Rules 规则，法规
180.Rules of procedure 议事规则 181.Seat 座位
182.Secret ballot 无记名投票 183.Secretariat 秘书处
184.Secretary General 秘书长
185.Serve in(a Board)在（理事会）中担任理事 186.Set up a committee 设立一个委员会 187.Signatory to a convention 公约签字国 188.Signatory 附议国
189.Sit on a committee 参加委员会为委员 190.Setting the Agenda 确定议题
191.Speak from one’s place 在坐席上发言 192.Sponsor 起草国
193.Stand adjourned 休会
194.Stand for election 担任候选人 195.Standing body 常设机构 196.Statement 声明，发言 197.Status 地位 198.Statutes 章程
199.Steering committee 指导委员会 200.Sub-committee 小组委员会 201.Sub-heading 小标题，副标题
202.Submit a draft resolution 提出决议草案
203.Submit to the rules governing… 服从有关……的规则 204.Subsidiary body 附属机构
205.Substantive motion 实质行动议 206.Substitute resolution 替代的决议 207.Summary record 简要记录（纪要）
208.Support a candidature 支持（某人）的候选资格 209.Support a nomination 支持某个提名 210.Suspend the rules 放弃对规则的适用 211.Suspend the sitting 停止会议
212.Take a decision upon a motion 对动议作出决定
213.Take a stand for(against)a proposal 赞成（反对）214.Take into consideration 考虑到 215.Take part in a poll 参加选举 216.Take the floor 发言
217.Take up the discussion 开始讨论 218.Technical adviser 技术顾问 219.Term of office 任期.220.The list of speakers in closed 发言登记已截止 221.The majority is obtained 获得多数
222.The majority of members present and voting 出席并投票的成员多数 223.The meeting is called to order 宣布会议开始 224.The motion is adopted 动议获得通过 225.The motion is rejected 动议被否决 226.The requisite majority 必要的多数.227.The result is final 结果是最后的 228.To address the meeting 发言 229.To be in office 在职 230.To be in session 开会 231.Treasurer 司库 232.Treaty 条约
233.Tri-partite 三方面
234.Typewriting service pool 打字组 235.Unanimous vote 一致同意 236.Unofficial meeting 非正式会议 237.Valid ballot papers 有效票 238.Verbatim record 逐字记录 239.Verbatim reporters 速记人员 240.Veto 否决
241.Vice-Chairman 副主席
242.Vice-Chairmanship 副主席 243.Vice-Presidency 副会长 244.Vice-President 副会长 245.Vote 投票表决
246.Vote by roll call 唱名表决
247.Vote by show of hands 举手表决 248.Vote indicator 表决指示牌 249.Vote of thanks 大会申谢
250.Vote on the motion as a whole 表决整个动议 251.Vote without debate 不经辩论的表决 252.Votes cast 已投的票数.253.Waive the rules 放弃对规则的适用 254.We have a quorum 我们已足法定人数 255.Withdraw a proposal 撤回提案
256.Withdraw one’s candidature 撤销候选人资格 257.Working languages 工作人员 258.Working paper 工作文件.259.Yield Time to Another Delegate让渡给他国代表 261.Yield Time to Chair让渡给主席
abstain弃权 agenda日程 amendment修正案
background guide背景资料 bloc国家集团 caucus磋商
moderated caucus有主持核心磋商 unmoderated caucus非正式磋商 crisis危机 directive指令
draft resolution决议草案 draft directive指示草案 formal debate正式辩论 motion动议 observer观察员
operative clause行动性条款 page 意向条 placard 国家牌 point 问题
position paper立场文件
preambulatory clause序言性条款 rapportrur记录员 roll call点名 second 赞成
signatory 附议国 sponsor 起草国
simple majority简单多数（1/2...+1）speakers' list 发言名单 working paper工作文件 vote表决
Eg:Yield time 让渡时间...to another delegate/ questions/comments/chair Motion动议
motion to change the speaking time motion for a un-moderated caucus motion to close debate/suspend the meeting Point问题
point of inquiry咨询性问题 poingt of order程序性
personal privilege个人特权 发言---My fellow delegates,we are gathered here today to discuss Let me reiterate重申 the reasons why we...Taking into account/Whith respect to/In observation of 考虑到our current finantial situation In the interest of For the purpose of In hopes that We demand that...apologize immediately we respectfully disagree with your opinion,and would like to propose our own we concur(agreee)with Allow us to remind the committee we recommmend Might is right（建议使用武力）we highly/strongly/vigorously 反击---Think of Your logic is flawed（有缺陷的）
I want you to remember Have not...and will never(We have not surrendered,and will never surrender停止抵抗)That argument is quite cliche（boring），we have heard it a thousand times,and each time it makes no sense
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