2019MBA备考 历年英语二作文真题解析

第一篇：2019MBA备考 历年英语二作文真题解析

2019MBA备考 | 历年英语二作文真题解析

友课教育整理了近些年MBA英语二中常考的作文类型，报考2019年MBA的小伙伴们可作为参考！

1、小作文

据统计：每年小作文的全国平均分为5.5-6分左右，所以对于满分10分的小作文来说，还是很有提分空间的!

小作文主要是一种应用性短文，包括信函、备忘录、报告等。仅信函类就有辞职信、申请信、道歉信、慰问信、祝贺信等等。一起来看下历年MBA考研英语小作文类型统计吧!

考试时，如果能顺利的完成一篇有质量的小文章，不仅能给自己信心，很快进入写作状态，还能给大作文预留下充分的时间。

2、大作文

题目汇总

命题规律

1、常考话题有四大类：道德伦理类、教育文化类、社会生活类、环保生态类。

2、常考话题会隔年反复考察。

3、作文话题贴近大学生生活或与近年社会热点话题有关。

4、考研作文命题不会涉及时事政治或敏感话题。

大家在复习英语作文时要认真研究往年的考试题目和话题的考查方向，多关注社会热点，自己多动手去写。

第二篇：公务员历年真题及解析

10题历年真题及解析

1．从一般意义上讲，我国的刑事诉讼指的是（）。

A．公安机关的侦查活动

B．人民检察院提起公诉的活动

C．人民法院对刑事案件的审判活动

D．公安司法机关在当事人及其他诉讼参与人的参加下，解决被追诉者刑事责任的活动

【解析】D 根据《刑事诉讼法》的基本理论，可知D正确。

2．在我国的新疆维吾尔自治区，如果刑事诉讼的当事人中有汉族人，也有维吾尔族人，那么（）。

A．汉族当事人必须使用维吾尔族语进行诉讼

B．维吾尔族当事人必须使用维吾尔族语进行诉讼

C．每个当事人都可以选择使用汉语进行诉讼，也可以选择使用维吾尔族语进行诉讼

D．在诉讼过程中，使用何种语言，应由人民法院、人民检察院或者公安机关决定

【解析】C 根据《刑事诉讼法》第九条：“各民族公民都有用本民族语言文字进行诉讼的权利”。可知答案为C。需要注意的是法律规定是用当地通用的语言进行审判、发布文书等。

3．“人命至重，有贵千金，一方济之，德逾千此。”此语出自（）。

A．张仲景 B．华佗

C．孙思邈 D．李时珍

E．董奉

【解析】C 这句话出自孙思邈的《千金方》。

4．《小儿药证直诀》的作者是（）。

A．万全 B．钱乙

C．张仲景 D．陈实功 E．叶天士

【解析】B 《小儿药证直诀》是中医儿科的奠基之作，又名《小儿药证真诀》、《钱氏小儿药证直诀》，作者为宋代小儿科大家钱乙。

5．“其身正，不令而行；其身不正，虽令而不从”，孔子这句名言体现出的德育方法是（）。

A．陶冶教育法 B．说服教育法

C．榜样示范教育法 D．实践锻炼教育法

【解析】C 题干所给名言符合榜样示范教育法的定义，即以他人的高尚思想、模范行为和卓越成就来影响学生品德的方法。

6．“如果教育家希望从一切方面去教育人，那么就必须首先从一切方面去了解人。”乌申斯基的这句话告诉我们，要做好班主任必须（）。

A．注意观察

B．培养良好的班风

C．做好个别学生的教育工作

D．了解和研究学生

【解析】D 班主任管理和教育学生之前，首先应当了解和研究学生，这是开展工作的基础。

7．根据我国现行法规和相关制度，构成我国市民概念的基本条件为（）。

A．从事非农业生产劳动 B．居住在市区内

C．从事第一产业 D．具有本市户口

【解析】ABD 根据我国现行法规和相关制度，构成我国市民概念的基本条件为：从事非农业生产劳动、居住在市区内、具有本市户口。

8．在我国城市中，（）渠道是一种方兴未艾的市民利益表达渠道。

A．代理人 B．个人

C．代表 D．集团参与

【解析】D 在我国城市中，集团参与渠道是一种方兴未艾的市民利益表达渠道。

9．必须按照中国特色社会主义事业总体布局，全面推进（）。

A．经济建设 B．经济、政治、文化建设 C．经济、政治、文化、社会建设

D．政治、经济、军事建设

【解析】C 十七大修改通过的党章增加了“必须按照中国特色社会主义事业总体布局，全面推进经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设”的内容，并分别做了相应的阐述。坚持中国特色社会主义事业总体布局，具有十分重要的意义。

10．中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，是当代中国发展进步的旗帜，（）。

A．是全党全国各族人民团结奋斗的旗帜

B．是政治、经济、文化、社会体制改革的旗帜

C．是全面建设小康社会的旗帜

D．是发展社会主义事业的伟大旗帜

【解析】A 党的十七大在我党历史上第一次郑重地鲜明地完整地提出了高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，并将其载入党章，强调中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，是当代中国发展进步的旗帜，是全党全国各族人民团结奋斗的旗帜。

第三篇：2011年MBA英语作文真题解析

2010年MBA英语作文真题解析（文字版）

同学们好！刚刚结束了比较紧张的英语考试，大家辛苦了，在这里我来给大家讲解一下，刚刚咱们已经经历过的作文的真题。好！虽说今年咱们大纲有一定的改变，作文题的分数可以说是增加了，但是其实题型都是没有改变太多，都是大家很熟悉的题型，第一篇不出所料应用文，第二篇是我们觉得考虑的考试概率最大的一种形式，用的是图表作文，所以大家一定不会感到陌生。

咱们现在先看一下第一篇应用文，其实是应用文中最最简单的什么？感谢信，咱们中国人会写感谢信，英文感谢信不会弱到哪里去。像感谢信怎么写呢？其实非常有模式可循，但是看一下模板，这个模板风险很小，因为形式差不多，这一篇说的是什么？它的要求是说，你刚刚从美国出来，你是一个什么人呢？你是一个中美交流文化项目的成员，然后你回国了，受到他们热烈的招待，作为礼貌，作为礼仪之邦，写一封信给美国的同事，现在它有一个要求，第一是表示感谢，对他们热情接待的感谢；第二点是作为礼尚往来，欢迎他们在due course，在合适的时候，适当的时候访问中国，其实这篇作文我相信大家都写的不错，我简单给大家讲一下，首先某某你的同事的名字，前面别忘了加上亲爱的，DearXX就可以了，第一句话套话，Iam writting this letter to thank for your warm hospitality在作文的题目上面，有一个reception，接待。那咱们写作的时候，把这个话搬上去，咱们换一个词就可以咱们把reception，换成hospitality，好客。说实话写作文，最看重的是你是不是英文，是否符合英文的表达习惯，你出现了一个比较地道的句型，老师一看确实是英文，他就会给你高分。接下来说什么呢？当然是要赞美一下，beautiful courtry，你要赞美一下你这个国家非常的美丽，接着是一些愉快谈话的东西，比如说I would also like to thank you for the interesting discussion with you。在我们两个团之间有一些非常的愉快的谈话，当然不管愉快不愉快，我们都感谢他们，然后怎么样？在这个期间，在咱们访问期间，经历了什么样的事情，感受你们国家的文化，因为涉及到文化交流的内容，所以咱们接下来可以说两句实质性的东西，比如说咱们进行了开晚会，唱了歌，或者中美双方土著的文化，这个随便写，写两句就可以了，这个涉及到实质的东西，最后是结尾了，结尾怎么样？中国有一句话，叫来而不往非礼也，你去了人家国家，最后也要邀请人家。Iam looking forward to your early visit to China，很简单的一些套用的句子，如果你来了，我会怎么样呢？这个用中国人的思维就可以了，因为全世界好客的思维都是一样的。when I will be able to pay back some of the hospitality，我将会以同样的热情来回报您。

好！这篇英文，最后要署名，它指定的署名叫张伟，你不要把自己的名字写上了。前面还有一个固定的名字，sincerely yours，或者换一个说法，faithfully yours，你们忠诚的朋友，你可靠的朋友之类的，所以小作文我相信大家肯定没有问题的。

接下来讲一下大作文，大作文是15分，一看是一个图表作文，在大家的意料之中，仔细观察图表作文相对来说是比较好写的，为什么呢？它上面给的是图表，它肯定是给客观的信息，你用英文表达出来就占了一定字数了，而且还比较准确，是不是？所以一定要看清楚了，图表上面数字你不能写错了，你不能说30万写成20万，或者说30万写成300万，这里面有一个billion，这个是十亿，看第一个要求，interpret the chart and give your comments，阐述一下图表，描述一下图表，然后给出评论，非常简单的要求，它对你的要求不会很高，只要是看懂这个图，然后给一个评论。咱们看一下图表的评论是什么？Mobile-phone subscriptions，移动电话的用户。

好！接下来白色的条码代表什么？developing country，发展中国家，黑色的条码代表什么？发达国家。这个没有问题，接下来看这个表，一提到手机大家都很熟悉，所以今年的考题真的算很容易的，因为这都是咱们大家耳熟能详，身边就有的东西。然后看一下2000年是什么？发达国家，基本上是接近十亿的数量手机用户，但是还没有到，大概在6亿到7亿之间。而发展中国家现在是落在发达国家之后的。它大概这个位置是在应该是5亿左右的样子，也就是说2000年发展中国家手机用户数量是要远远低于发达国家的，这给我们一个什么信息？在2000年的时候，咱们的手机用户，像中国这样的发展中国家用户是不如像美国和西欧一些发达国家的。接下来看2001年、2002年，2001年和2002年的数量差不多，仍然没有太大的改变，只是相对来说，两个集团发展中国家和发达国家都有所增长，到2003年形势发生了一个逆转，怎么样呢？发展中国家的手机用户第一次超过了发达国家，到2004年发展中国家达到了10亿多。大家注意一下，发达国家手机用户的数量增长的是非常不明显的，只是在缓慢的增长，这说明什么问题？它们的手机用户数量基本上达到饱和了，它们发展潜力是很低的。接着看2005年、2006年发达国家，基本上没有太大的变化，只是在往十亿靠拢，咱们发展中国家非常快的飙升，到了2008年，达到了40亿用户。首先看一个客观的趋势，先把数字描述一遍，比如说发达国家2000年是多少，到达2008年是多少，达到用介词to，然后你如果还知道怎么样运用数字的英文的表达方法的话，你还可以写比多少年增加了多少，我们要用介词By，这些细节，如果你有把握的话，就写的仔细一点，这个占了很多字数，而且写的非常地道。客观的内容描述之后，大家可以看到一个范文，我在这里不讲范文，大家可以看一下我们网上的范文是怎么写的。我们要描述一下自己的评论，也就是说，对这个有什么看法，其次就是说这个现象有什么意义呢？暗含了什么趋势呢？首先直接影响，有直接意义的是什么？第一个就是电讯行业的发达，大家想一下40亿和10亿，这都不是小数字，这个电讯怎么说？telecommunication，电讯为什么发达？大家可以着重提一下，这种全球化的需求，globlization，使得世界距离拉近了，使我们变得近的工具什么就是mobile-phone，就是手机。然后还可以延伸到第二个是什么？第二个就是现象，什么现象？也就是咱们发展中国家，在这方面的潜力要远远高于发达国家的，也就是发展中国家以前落后，但是现在潜力很大，以很快的速度增长，超越了发达国家，这说明发展中国家最初的经济是不如发达国家的，现在有一个明显的例子是怎么样？证明咱们发展中国家经济进步了，这个是相对的，并不是说发达国家不进步，是因为他们发达国家的手机已经饱和了。

最后讲一下咱们国家，咱们中国的手机用户肯定贡献了相当大的数字，因为中国这些年手机用户疯狂的增长，能够达到40亿，发展中国家手机用户数量，中国是做了很大的贡献。基本上写到这，这篇文章就差不多。然后你给出自己一些评论，你也可以做一些主观上的说明，比如说我觉得手机的发展是好，还是不好。如果是好的话，比如说当然也不要写太多了，因为要结尾了，你觉得这种趋势是欣欣向荣的趋势，代表着世界的发展，代表着与世界拉近了距离，有的人觉得这不是好事儿，比如说电池不环保，当然这个不要扯远了，你最后提一下，我觉得今后应该怎样，如果你是代表反面的话，希望政府控制手机数量增长之类的，这个是很圆满的结尾了。作文这次确实还是比较容易的，我相信大家考的不错，所以咱们同学们在明天的考试完之后，有时间可以来看一下网上发布的范文和例文来具体了解一下，到底是什么样的感觉。今天就到这里，谢谢！（结束）

2010年MBA联考管理类综合答案：

1-5 DCCAD 6-10 EBBBD 11-15 ACBBE 16-20 AACDD 21-25 EDACB 26-30 DACED 31-35 BDEAB 36-40 ACCAA 41-45 DBEEC 46-50 ADADC 51-55 DBECE

附件：2010年MBA联考真题 2010年MBA联考英语答案：

一、完形填空

1-5DCBAA 6-10BDCBA 11-15CDDAC 16-20BDCAB

二、阅读理解 D 22 A 23 B 24 C 25 C 26 A 27 C 28 D 29 D 30 B 31 A 32 A 33 D 34 C 35 B 36 A 37 C 38 C 39 C 40 D

三、新题型 F T T T F

四、翻译参考

“坚持不懈”如今已成一个流行词汇，但对TedNing而言，这个概念一直有个人含义，经历了一段痛苦松懈的个人生活，使他清楚面向以坚持不懈为导向的价值观，必须贯彻到每天的行动和选择中。

Ning回忆起20世纪90年代末期卖保险的那段迷茫时光，他通过蓬勃兴起的网络疯狂地找工作，并且与Boulder代理机构签了约。

事情进展并不顺利，TedNing说到：“那真是个糟糕的选择，因为我对此没有激情，”可以预料，他把工作中的矛盾能解释为没有业务。Ning说：“我很痛苦渴望午夜起来盯着天花板，我没钱，我需要工作，每个人都说‘等吧，只要有耐心会好转的。’”

五、作文 小作文： Dear xxx, I would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to you for your kindness to receive me when I participated in an exchange program in USA.Your generous help made it possible that I had a very pleasant stay and a chance to know American cultures better.Besides, I think it is an honor for me to make friends with you and I will cherish the goodwill you showed to me wherever I go.I do hope that you will visit China one day, so that I could have the opportunity to repay your kindness and refresh our friendship.I feel obliged to thank you again.Sincerely yours, Zhang Wei 大作文：

In this chart, we can see the mobile phone subscriptions in developed countries have a steady and slight increase from 1990 to 2007 and then remain constant in 2008.Meanwhile the mobile phone subscriptions in developing countries have witnessed a slow increase from 1990 to 2004 and then a great surge from 2004 to 20007: the biggest surge happens from 2005 to 2006.This chart reflects different developing modes of mobile phone industry in developed and developing countries.The developed countries have a limited number of populations, most of whom are well-educated.Therefore, the spreading of the mobile phone service is efficient and soon the market is saturated.Also at the beginning the developed countries have more people who can afford this service.The developing countries have a large population who keeps a large demand for mobile service.As the mobile phone service becomes cheaper and cheaper, the increasing customers subscribe to benefit from this service.As discussed above, it is not surprising to see this change.In my opinion, this trend that the number of mobile-phone subscriptions is increasingly increasing will continue for a while in the future.附件：2010年MBA联考英语真题

请尊重知识产权，转载请联系作者。QQ：100133136 转载请务必写明出处：哈尔滨社科教育MBA教育培训中心 中心地址： 哈市中山路172号常青大厦2306

明年MBA招生报名工作同时展开：学员现在预定座位有优惠。报名电话：0451-55515656 55513737 81662602 联系人：庄老师、徐老师

1-5 : d d b a a 6-10: b d c b a 11-15: a d d a a 16-20: b d c d b

21-25: d c c c c 26-30：a c b c b 31-35：a d d c b 36-40：d c c b c 41-45：f t f t f

翻译：

“可持续性”，已经成为当前的一个热门词汇，但是对泰德*宁来说，这个词自有另一番意思，在经历了人生的一段痛苦的、难以为续的阶段后，他清楚地认识到，可持续性发展导向的价值必须通过日常的每一个行动和选择来实现。

宁回忆起了在上个世纪90年代末期有一年要卖保险的那段混沌经历，在经历了互联网的繁荣和大发展之后，宁迫切的需要一份工作，于是，他同博德的一家中介机构签了合约。

事情的进展很不顺利，宁说：“那真是错误的一步，因为那根本不是我的兴趣所在”。可以想见，在这种困扰的背后则是低迷的销售业绩。“我当时真是可怜，我如此的焦虑，以至于总是半夜醒来，然后盯着天花板，我没有钱并且需要这份工作，每个人都和我说，再等等，总会有转机的，再多给自己点时间” 【范文】

小作文：

Dear Sir/Madam，I’m writing to express our sincere thanks for your help you have offered to us during our stay in your country for the Sino-American cultural exchange.Without your careful treatment, we should not have found our feet in that city so rapidly.Without your adequate preparation, we should not have got so much knowledge about American culture as well.In a word, but for you the exchange should not have progressed so perfectly.Now we have got back to our country and we all look forward to a further exchange between you America and China.Welcome to china in the future.Again thanks very much for your help.Best wishes!

Sincerely yours，LiMing

大作文

大体是:手机订阅服务

As can be seen from the graph, a hotpot is boiling various kinds of words from both Chinese and Western culture.The words can be categorized as literature, moral values and performing arts.In my view, the picture shows us the modern Chinese society in which traditional and Western culture conflict with each other.Meanwhile kinds of different values merge into whole part in some degree.In the highly-integrated world today, we can connect each other very easily.So does the culture.Every one has to face up with kinds of alien culture besides our traditional culture.However, it does not mean the foreign culture should be accepted completely.It is up to the option of the person who has the hotpot.We can decide whether and how to accept it.It means that we should take full advantage of the excellent part of culture.

第四篇：英语二自考历年真题及答案

2005年10月自考英语

（二）2005年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）试卷及答案（课程代码：00015）

PART ONE（50 POINTS）

Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points, 1 point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1.Would’t you rather your child ______ successful with his study and won the scholarship? A.became B.become C.would become D.becomes 2.Although Tom is satisfied with his academic achievement, he wonders _______will happen to his family life.A.it B.that C.what D.this 3.We hope that all the measures against sandstorms, ________ was put forward by the committee, will be considered seriously at the meeting.A.while B.after C.since D.as 4.We cannot leave this tough job to a person_________.A.who nobody has confidence B.in whom nobody has confidence C.for whom nobody has confidence D.who everyone has confidence of 5.You are the best for the job _____ you apply your mind to it.A.until B.if only C.in case D.unless 6.Hey, leave _____!I hate people touching my hair.A.behind B.out C.off D.over 7.I thought the problem of water shortage would ________ at the meeting but nobody mentioned it.A.come up B.come up to C.come over D.come to 8.Mr.Smith , can I ________ you for a minute? I’d like to hear your opinion on this issue.A.say a word with B.have words with C.mention a word with D.have a word with 9.There is a deadlock(僵局)in the discussion when neither side gives ________ to the over.A.a way B.way C.the way D.its way 10.This type of desk and chair can be adjusted ________ the height of students at different ages.A.with B.for C.to D.in

Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10 points, 1 point for each item)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

For over a hundred years Japan has consistently spent large sums of money and considerable human resources in an effort to obtain technology.Her ability to negotiate __11___ by the fact most of the technology she wanted was no commercial secrets.Japan’s __12__ has also been strengthened by the fact that her internal market was large, so that __13__ to this market could be offered to multinational companies as an attraction to them to grant licenses.Besides, Japan’s work force was disciplined, so it was capable __14__ applying the information it acquired.2005年10月自考英语

（二）Finally, American and European companies, who were __15__ licensers, felt that the Japanese companies might take a large share of the world market __16__ they were not limited by licensing agreement.Conditions of this sort, __17__ together in one nation, may well be unique, and the case of Japan may therefore not actually demonstrate that licensing is just as efficient as multinational ownership for the __18__ of technology.In fact, Japan may be finding this method of operation __19__ effective than in the past ,as her needs for outside technology now require information which __20__ only a few companies and is more closely held.11.A.was strengthened

B.will be strengthened C.will have been strengthened

D.has been strengthened 12.A.position

B.location

C.place

D.point 13.A.entry

B.access

C.presence

D.acceptance 14.A.at

B.in

C.for

D.of 15.A.potential

B.feasible

C.liable

D.inevitable 16.A.until

B.before

C.if

D.after 17.A.came B.come

C.will come

D.coming 18.A.transformation B.transfer

C.transmission D.shift 19.A.much B.little

C.less

D.more 20.A.sticks to B.belongs to C.draws on

D.takes on

Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points, 2 point for each item)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.One day, the principal came into our room and, after talking to the teacher, for some reason said: “I wish all of the white scholars to stand for a moment.” I rose with the others.The teacher looked at me and, calling my name, said: “You sit down for the present, and rise with the others.” I did not quite understand her.She repeated: “You sit down now, and rise with the others.” I sat down puzzled and dumb.I saw and heard nothing.When the other were asked to rise, I did not know it.When school was dismissed, I went out unconsciously.A few of the white boys laughed at me, saying: “Oh, you’re a nigger, too.”

I hurried on as fast as I could to where my looking–glass hung on the wall in my own little room.For an instant I was afraid to look, but when I did, I looked long and earnestly.I was accustomed to hearing remarks about my beauty;but now, for the first time, I became conscious of it and recognized it.I noticed the ivory(象牙)whiteness of my skin, the beauty of my mouth, the size and liquid darkness of my eyes.I ran downstairs and rushed to where my mother was sitting.I buried my head in her lap and cried out: “Mother, tell me, am I a nigger?” I could not see her face, but I felt her hands on my head.I looked up into her face.There were tears in her eyes and I could see that she was suffering for me.And then it was that I looked at her critically for the first time.I had thought of her in a childish way only as the most beautiful woman in the world;now I looked at her searching for defects.I could see that her skin was almost brown, and that she did differ in some way from the other ladies who came to the house;yet, even so I could see that she was more

2005年10月自考英语

（二）beautiful than any of them.She must have felt that I was examining her, for she hid her face in my hair and said with difficulty: “No, my darling, you are not a nigger.” She went on: “If anyone calls you a nigger, don’t notice them.” But the more she talked, the less was I reassured, and I stopped her by asking: “Well, mother, am I white? Are you white?” She answered tremblingly: “No, I am not white, but your father is one of the greatest men in the country.The best blood of the South is in you.” This suddenly opened up in my heart a fresh fear, and I almost fiercely demanded: “Who is my father? Where is he?” She stroked my hair and said: “I’ll tell you about him some day.” I sobbed: “I want to know now.” She answered: “No, not now.” 21.We can infer from the passage that “a nigger ”means________.A.a white person B.a black person C.anyone that is not white D.anyone that is not black 22.When the teacher asked him to sit down and rise with the others, the author was confused because_________.A.he never considered himself a non-white person B.he thought the teacher didn’t recognize him C.he thought he should be considered D.he thought it rude for the teacher to call his name 23.It was on that day that he began to realize that _________.A.he was a nigger B.he was different from others because of his beauty C.his color was like that of his mother D.he differed from other white people even with his beauty 24.From the passage we can learn that _________.A.the boy’s father left them for some reasons B.the boy’s mother didn’t want to mention his father at all C.the boy never met his father before D.the boy’s mother hated his father 25.This passage generally tells us a story of ________.A.a boy who suddenly realized that he was a colored person B.a boy who had been looked down upon because he had no father C.the miserable life of colored people D.the life of a one-parent family

Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.For Americans, time is a “resource” that, like water or coal, can be used well or poorly.“Time is money,” they say.“You only get so much time in this life;you’d best use it wisely.” The future will not be better than the past or the present unless people use their time fro constructive, future-oriented activities.Thus, Americans admire a “well-organized” person, one who has a written list of things to do and a schedule for doing them.The ideal person is punctual and treasures other people’s time.The American attitude towards time is not necessarily shared by others, especially non-Europeans.They are more likely to consider time as something that is simply there around them, not something they can “use”.One of the more difficult things many foreign businessmen and students must adjust to in the States is the notion that time

2005年10月自考英语

（二）must be saved whenever possible and used wisely every day.In their efforts to use their time wisely, Americans are sometimes seen by foreign visitors as automatons, unhuman creatures who are so tied to their clocks and their schedules that they cannot participate in or enjoy the human interactions that are the truly important things in life.“They are like little machines running around,” one foreign visitor said.The emphasis Americans place on efficiency is closely related to their concepts of the future, change and time.To do something efficiently is to do it in the way that is quickest and requires the smallest investment of resources.American businesses sometimes hire “efficiency experts” to review their operations and suggest ways in which they could accomplish more than they are currently accomplishing with the resources they are investing.Popular periodicals carry suggestions for more efficient ways to clean house, raise children, tend the yard, and so on.In this context the “fast-food industry” can be seen as a clear example of an American cultural product.McDonald’s, Kentucky Fried Chicken, Pizza Hut, and other fast-food establishments prosper in a country where many people want to minimize the amount of time they spend preparing and eating meals.The millions of Americans who take their meals at fast-food restaurants cannot have much interest in lingering over their food while conversing with friends, as millions of Europeans do.As McDonald’s restaurants have spread around the world, they have been viewed as symbols of American society and culture, bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed, efficiency, and shiny cleanliness.The typical American food, some observers argue, is fast food.26.If a person treasures other people’s time, he.A.does not waste people’s time with conversation or activity that has no beneficial outcome B.does not believe the future will be any better than the present or the past C.likes to deep a written schedule of the daily activities with him D.likes to have his meals at the fast-food restaurants to save time 27.In the eyes of the foreign visitors in the States, American people.A.think that time is always there which needs budgeting B.enjoy saving and using time wisely everyday C.are indifferent in that they are like feelingless machines D.are so fully engaged that they are unable to enjoy the important things in life 28.What is the job of an efficiency expert? A.Writing articles for periodicals.B.Recommending ways of efficient investment.C.Examining the quality of a company’s products.D.Teaching people how to take care of their yard.29.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.Many Americans love having meals at fast-food restaurants.B.Americans are busier than other people in the world.C.The American fast-food industry helps spread the American culture around the world.D.The United States is the father of the world’s fast-food industry.30.The best title for this passage is..A.The American Concept of Time

2005年10月自考英语

（二）B.The Development of the American Fast Food Industry C.How to Raise Efficiency D.The American Food and Culture

Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.It is difficult to estimate the number of youngsters involved in home schooling, where children are not sent to school and receive their formal education from one or both parents.Legislation and court decisions have make it legally possible in most states for parents to educate their children at home, and each year more people take advantage of that opportunity.Supporters of home education claim that it is less expensive and far more efficient than mass public education.Moreover they quote several merits: relief of school overcrowding, added curricular and pedagogical(课程和教学法)alternatives, strengthened family relationships, lower dropout rates, increased motivation, higher standardized test scores, and reduced discipline problems.Supporters of home schooling also believe that it provides the parents with the opportunity to reinforce their moral values through education.Critics of home schooling movement claim that it creates as many problems as it solves.They acknowledge that, in a few cases, home schooling offers educational opportunities superior to those found in most public schools, but few parents can provide such educational advantages.Some parents who withdraw their children form the schools in favor of home schooling have an inadequate educational background and insufficient formal training to provide a satisfactory education for their children.Typically, parents have fewer, not more technological resources available than do schools.However, the relatively inexpensive computer technology that is readily available today is causing some to challenge the notion that home schooling is in any way not so good as more highly structured classroom education.Finally, a sociological(社会学)concern is the restricted social interaction experienced by children who are educated at home.Technology will never replace the pupil-teacher relationship.Also, while relationships with parents and brothers and sisters may be improved, children taught at home may develop a distorted(歪曲的)view of society.31.The main idea of the passage is that.A.more and more parents are in favor of home schooling B.home schooling is superior to school education because it has been legally approved C.though home schooling has its advantages, it creates as many new problems at the same time D.school education is no doubt better than home education 32.Those who support home schooling think that.A.it’s less expensive and more efficient apart from other merits B.it has added curricular and pedagogical alternatives C.it will cause fewer discipline problems D.it’s more important to reinforce moral values 33.Critics believe that.A.few parents can afford computers and technology when providing home education

2005年10月自考英语

（二）B.few parents are qualified enough to provide a satisfactory home education C.school teachers are better than parents D.classroom environment can provide most satisfactory education 34.According to the author, home schooling cannot help children.A.acquire social knowledge B.build up a relationship with family members C.build up pupil-teacher relationship D.develop a right view of society 35.The attitude of the author toward home schooling is.A.vague B.positive C.totally negative D.straight-forward

PART TWO（50 POINTS）

IV.Word Spelling(10 points, 1 point for two items)将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整 的单词写在答题纸上。

36.破坏，使„遇难 vt w _ _ _ _

37.37.自愿的，自发的 a.v_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38.紧要的，紧迫的 a..u _ _ _ _ _

39.39.容忍，忍受 vt.t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40.症状，征兆 n.s _ _ _ _ _ _

41.41.最近，不久前 ad.l _ _ _ _ _ 42.放大，夸大 vt.m _ _ _ _ _ _

43.43.概念，想法 n.n _ _ _ _ _ 44.服从，听从 vt.o _ _ _

45.45.苦干的，费力的 a.p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46.达到；造诣 n.a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47.47.使平衡；权衡 vt.b _ _ _ _ _ _ 48.战役，运动 n.c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 49.49.装修，装饰 vt.d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50.基本的，初级的 a.e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 51.51.忠诚的，忠实的 a.f _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 52.姿势，手势 n g _ _ _ _ _ _ 53.53.高度地，非常 ad.h _ _ _ _ _ 54.模仿的，仿制的 a.i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 55.55.正义，公正 n.j _ _ _ _ _ _

V.WORD FORM(10 points,1 point for each item)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

56.Once harm ______(do)to the environment, it takes years to have the system recovered.57.With the strike_______(settle), the work on the new assembly line went ahead like wildfire.58.The child was playing_________(danger)near the edge of the swimming pool.59.This project ________(accomplish)by the end of 2006 will greatly improve the

2005年10月自考英语

（二）basic facility of the city.60.People appreciate_________(talk)with him because he is knowledgeable and humorous.61.Since the author did not stick to the topic, I found his article very ______(confuse)and hard to follow.62.With all this done, I ______(free)from all troubles and responsibilities.63.Had he been treated well, he ________(get over)this disease.64.Investigations into the cause of the shipwreck show that the ship _______(sink)the moment it hit the rock.65.If only the board ________(approve)the proposal and put it into effect.vi．Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points for each item)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。66.时间是世界上最容易浪费也是最难以把握的东西。

67．虽然管理者不能预测未来，但他们的许多决策还是要求他们考虑到未来可能发生的事情。68．爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的，因此没有绝对的时间和空间。69．这次考试不及格人数多得惊人。

70．二十世纪六十年代美国民间音乐除表现爱情与希望外，还表现反战情绪。

vii.Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

Planning is a very important activity in our lives.It can give pleasure and even excitement, but cause quite severe headaches.The more significant the task ahead, the more careful the planning required.Getting to school or to work on time is a task requiring little or no planning.It is almost a routine.A month’s touring holiday abroad, or better still, getting married, is a different matter altogether.If the holiday involves a church wedding, with 50 guests, a reception, a honeymoon in Italy, and returning to a new home, this requires even more planning to make sure that is successful.Planning is our way of trying to ensure success and of avoiding costly failures we cannot afford.It is equally essential to mankind as a whole, to nations, to families and to each individual;the scale may vary, but the degree of importance does not.2005年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）答案

Ⅰvocabulary and structure(本大题共10题，每小题1分，共10分)1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.B 10.C Ⅱcloze test(本大题共10题，每小题1分，共10分)11.D 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.A 16.C 17.D 18.B 19.C 20.B Ⅲreading comprehension(本大题共15题，每小题2分，共30分)21.B 22.A 23.D 24.C 25.A 26.A 27.D 28.B 29.C 30.A 31.C 32.A 33.B 34.D 35.D Ⅳword spelling(本大题共20题，每小题0.5分，共10分)36.wreck 37.voluntary 38.urgent 39.tolerate 40.symptom 41.lately 42.magnify 43.notion 44.obey 45.painstaking 46.attainment 47.balance 48.campaign 49.decorate 50.elementary 51.faithful 52.gesture 53.highly 54.imitative 55.justice

2005年10月自考英语

（二）Ⅴword form(本大题共10题，每小题1分，共10分)56.is done 57.settled

58.dangerously 59.to be accomplished 60.talking 61.confusing 62.have been freed 63.would have got over 64.sank 65.would approve

VI.Translation front Chinese into English(本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分)66.Time is the easiest thing in the world to waste and the most difficult thing to control.67.Although managers cannot predict the future, many of their decisions require that they consider/take into account possible future events.68.Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable, so there is no absolute time and space/so time and space are not absolute.69.The number of failures in the examination is surprisingly large.70.The American folk music in the 1960’s expressed anti-war sentiments as well as love and hope.VII．Translation from English into Chinese.(本大题共15分)计划是我们生活中一项非常重要的活动。它能使人愉快，甚至令人兴奋，但也会让人十分头疼。工作越重要，所需的计划就要越仔细。按时上班或上学是几乎根本不需要计划的工作，它只不过是日常事务。而长达一个月的国外旅游度假，或更甚之，结婚娶亲，就完全是两码事了。如果假期中还要举行婚礼，接待50位来宾，举办招待会，去意大利度蜜月，再回到新家，那就更需要计划周全，以确保成功。计划使我们能够保证成功，避免那些代价昂贵，而我们又难以承受的失败。对于整个人类、民族、家庭乃至个人来说，计划同样又是必不可少的。其规模可大可小，但重要性都一样。

2005年10月自考英语

（二）2005年10月自考英语

（二）2005年10月自考英语

（二）2005年10月自考英语

（二）2005年10月自考英语

（二）2005年10月自考英语

（二）2005年10月自考英语

（二）2005年10月英语

（二）2005年10月英语

（二）2005年10月英语

（二）2005年10月英语

（二）2006年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）试卷及答案（课程代码：00015）

PART ONE(50 POINTS)I．Vocabulary and Structure(10 points, 1point each)1.It would be better to make a decision now, ______ leave it until next week.A.other than B.rather than C.less than D.more than 2.We'll inform you as soon as tickets become ______.A.valuable B.capable C.acceptable D.available 3.The foreign company has been______ running this factory for decades.A.enormously B.effectively C.infinitely D.extremely 4.If you ______ my advice, you wouldn't be in such trouble now.A.took B.takes C.has taken D.had taken 5.The meeting ______, we left the room quickly for dinner.A.over B.was over C.is over D.been over 6.All the money ______, Frederick started looking for work.A.having spent B.has been spent C.having been spent D.had been spent 7.______ his talk when Mary ran out of the lecture hall.A.Hardly had be begun B.Hardly he had begun C.Hardly he has begun D.He hardly had begun 8.The two sisters are _____ in many ways, not only in appearance but also in temperament.A.like B.likely C.alike D.lively 9.The purpose of the program is to provide training for employees so that they can work ______.A.late B.later C.lately D.latest 10.I hope my boy friend will be handsome, strong and ______ kind.A.above all B.in all C.at all D.after all II.Cloze Test(10 points, 1 point each)However careful one may be, he cannot possibly listen carefully to everything that he hears.There are 11 of reasons for this.One of them is the overload of messages most of us 12 each day.In addition to the numerous hours we 13 hearing other people speak, we may spend several hours listening to the radio or sitting in front of a television set.14, it is impossible to focus our attention completely on what is said;our mind might be 15 elsewhere.Preoccupation with our personal concerns is 16 reason we don't always listen carefully.A romance 17 sour or a good grade on a test may take prominence in our mind even as 18 is speaking to us.Furthermore, we are surrounded by all kinds of noises which interfere 19 listening.For example, voices at a party or 20 of traffic may simply make it difficult for us to catch everything that is being said.11.A.the number B.a number C.number D.numbers 12.A.accept

B.obtain C.receive D.possess 13.A.put

B.consume C.spend D.spare 14.A.Besides B.Whereas C.Otherwise D.Nevertheless 15.A.wondering B.swinging C.recycling D.wandering 16.A.other B.some

C.the other D.another

2005年10月英语

（二）17.A.gone

B.going

C.goes

D.went 18.A.anyone B.everyone C.someone D.few 19.A.to

B.with

C.of D.about 20.A.sound B.noise

C.voice

D.scream III.Reading Comprehension(30 points, 2 points each)Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Many of today's most trusted sales techniques were invented over a century ago by a young merchant named Eaton in Toronto.When he was young, Eaton worked briefly with his brothers in small-town stores.In 1869, he sep up his own shop in downtown Toronto.He had many competitors, but he was also ambitious and had a plan for success.He offered a unique style of trade, but as was expected, all the other shopkeepers laughed at him, believing he would eventually fail.However, Eaton was not a man to be easily defeated;he came up with a brand new notion of business-“Goods satisfactory, or money refunded.” He sold all his goods at fixed prices and only for cash.With a sharp sense of what the public wanted, he went out of the way to meet their needs.His business grew rapidly.He set up new branches and started mail order service that allowed people to buy from a list of his goods.Eaton's list-advertisements of his day-was the first of its kind.It was distributed and read all over the country.It was the only way to access good-quality goods at reasonable prices for people living far away from big cites.It became part of their life.They even called it The Wishing Book.The secret of the list's success was that Eaton gained the respect of this customers;they trusted him for good prices and quality goods.Probably because he remembered his miserable early days in Ireland, Eaton thought much of the welfare of his employees: better working conditions, shorter weekday hours than his competitors and Saturday afternoons off in the summer.In all this, he was a leader.21.The best description of Eaton is that ______.A.he was the richest merchant in Toronto B.he was a successful technical inventor C.he introduced new sales practices D.he changed people's ideas about businessmen 22.Eaton's success lay primarily in that ____.A.he sold only good quality goods B.he was the first person to provide good service C.he treated his employees better than any of his competitors D.he won respect from his customers 23.From the passage we can infer that ______.A.Eaton invented the idea of the internet shopping B.Eaton drove other businessmen to failure C.Eaton never sold his goods on credit D.Eaton was defeated by his rivals 24.The best title for this passage is _____.A.Good Goods, of Money Refunded B.Eaton, a Sales Inventor C.Customers' Respect, a Secret of Success D.Eaton's list, a Welcome Event in Sales History

2005年10月英语

（二）25.Eaton's List was important to people on farms because it was a convenient way of getting _____.A.good-quality goods at reasonable prices B.goods at unreasonable prices C.good-quality goods at unreasonable prices D.poor-quality goods at reasonable prices Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The threat of a global outbreak(疾病大爆发)of bird flu makes it urgent for the international community to cooperate effectively.Wealthy countries will have to provide hundreds of millions of dollars for the testing and production of medicines necessary for treating patients suffering from bird flu.Developing countries, particularly in Southeast Asia, where the bird flu virus(病毒)has spread since 1997, must work out special programs so that farmers will not hide sighs of possible outbreaks.In addition, the way such farm birds as chickens and ducks are traditionally raised and marketed in the developing world should be changed;there should be more distance between the birds and their keepers.Countries should deal with the disease with joint effort.If one country is inadequately prepared, it will be a threat to every other country.The potential effects of a national outbreak of bird flu are enormous.Firstly, an outbreak may kill large numbers of people.World Health Organization(WHO)estimates that an outbreak similar to the mild Hong Kong flu of 1968 could kill as many as 7.4 millions people.If it were as dangerous as the 1918 Spanish flu, which killed 50 million, the number would be much higher.Secondly, such an outbreak may cause great financial damage.The latest outbreak of bird flu, which began in December 2003, has cost Southeast Asia more than $10 billion and depressed its GDP by 1.5 percent.If a new outbreak of bird flu were to last for a whole year, $800 billion would be lost.Despite the 124 human cases and 63 deaths from bird flu since December 2003, the virus remains mainly a disease animals.However, the more animals that die of the disease, the more chances it has of spreading to people.Large numbers of dead or dying birds mean that more people will be exposed to the virus and change into a virus with new characteristics.If the international community works together efficiently, man can surely prevent such a virus and possibly save millions of lives.26.Faced with the threat of a global outbreak of bird flu, the international community should ________.A.establish new markets B.work together effectively C.stop birds from flying to other countries D.raise fewer chickens and ducks 27.The second paragraph focuses on ______.A.World Health Organization B.flus in Hong Kong and Spain C.the economy of Southeast Asia D.possible effects of a bird flu outbreak 28.The number of people who have died of bird flu since 2003 is _______.A.63 B.124

C.7.4 million D.50 million 29.In the third paragraph, the author is mainly interested in _____.2005年10月英语

（二）A.stimulating financial growth B.reducing economic damages C.saving human lives

D.protecting bird species 30.The passage deals with all the following aspects bird flu EXCEPT _______.A.the origin and history of bird flu B.the importance of international cooperation C.the possible dangers of a national outbreak D.the significance of preventing it from spreading Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.The long summer holidays are finally over and some parents are pleased.“We worry more about their safety in the holidays,” explains one mother from North London.If teenagers are not wandering around on public transport in a big and potentially dangerous city, they are chatting to strangers in an internet chat room!Well, that's an extreme picture of the UK today, but many parents are worried about how much freedom they can give their children during the holidays and at weekends.Weekends are not the only time to worry!Newspaper are full of stories about too many school kids going to school by car because their parents do not want them to travel alone on a bus or train.This summer there were more frightening stories of teenagers disappearing with questionable friends that they met on the net.All the Media stories help increase parents fears, but is the UK really so dangerous? Many young people feel that life for their parents was easier.In the 1960s young people played in the streets more and traveled around town without their parents.“At least our parents can keep tabs on us,” says 16-year-old Julia.“So many people have mobile phones now and their parents ring to find out where they are.I use my mobile to get Dad to come to the station when I arrive late.” Mobiles are not just expensive toys;they help keep young people safe.Most significantly, they help keep young people safe.Most significantly, they make parents feel better.Only one problem is, though, that some young people have been attacked by thieves who want to steal their mobile phones.Young people like going out with friends, but they now need to learn how to get home safely.Five million young people in the UK between the ages of 9 to 16 use chat rooms to make friends, but they, too, need to be careful and never give their personal details to a stranger.Young people today have more opportunities to meet new people and go out at night more than their parents ever did.Now school, television programs and newspapers must help teenagers to enjoy their freedom and to be responsible for their own safety.31.Some parents are upset about the summer holidays mainly because their children ______.A.wander around on bus in the city B.chat to strangers in Internet chat rooms C.make questionable friends on the net D.are taken little care of by teachers 32.For the sake of the safety, many parents send their kids to school ________.A.by car B.by bus C.by train D.by public transport 33.Most significantly, mobile phones _______.A.enable parents keep a close watch on their kids B.help keep teenagers safe

2005年10月英语

（二）C.make parents feel less worried D.protect teenagers from being attacked 34.Teenagers should never give any strangers ______.A.their mobile phone numbers B.their family address C.their personal information D.their parents' names 35.This passage is mainly about ________.A.freedom for teenagers in summer holidays B.safety for teenagers in summer holidays C.activities for teenagers in summer holidays D.troubles for teenagers in summer holidays PART TWO(50 POINTS)将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

36.获胜者，优胜者 n.w_ _ _ _ _ 37.（使）枯萎，凋谢 v.w_ _ _ _ _ 38.垂直的，竖的 a.v_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39.易变的，变量的 a.v_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40.唯一的，独特的 a.u_ _ _ _ _ 41.地下的，隐蔽的 a.u_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42.真实的，如实地 ad.t_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 43.星期二 n.T_ _ _ _ _ _ 44.传统，惯例 n.t_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 45.同情，同情心 n.s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46.投降，让步 vi.s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47.足够的，充分的 a.s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48.亲属，亲戚 n.r_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 49.抵抗，反抗 n.r_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50.有目的的，蓄意的 a.p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 51.财产；性质 n.p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 52.俯望，漏看 vt.o_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 53.发源，源自 vi.o_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 54.音乐的，悦耳的 a.m_ _ _ _ _ _ 55.意图，打算 n.i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ V.Word Form(10 points, 1 point each)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

56．He _________(write)her 10 letters since he met her last years.57.I think it necessary for him ________(finish)the work in time.58.The house is ______(complete)before his brother's wedding ceremony.59.You had better ________(bring)enough money with you.60.The _______(good)he feels, the more work he will do.61.If I hadn't listened to you, I would _______(make)such a silly mistake.62.The three players repeatedly denied ________(take)any drug.63.People who are entitled to ________(vote)should be over eighteen.64.The government has taken measures to reduce the total energy ______(consume).65.If she ______(catch)the 10 O'clock train, she can get there by lunch time VI.Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points each)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。66.男人的平均身高比女人高几英寸。67.你所说的与我们正在讨论的豪不相干。

68． 教育应该使每个学生德、智、体全面发展。69．这本书对读者产生了很大影响。70．这次考试比我们预想的要难得多。

VII.Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

There is a clear distinction between one who is supposed to know and another, usually a younger person who is supposed not to know.However, teaching is not necessarily the area of a special group of people, nor should it be looked upon as a technical

2005年10月英语

（二）skill.Teaching can be more like guiding and assisting than forcing information into a blank mind.If you have a certain skill, you should be able to share it with others.You do not have to get a certificate to convey what you know to them or to help them in their attempt to teach themselves.All of us, from the very youngest children to the oldest members of our society, should come to realize our own talent and abilities as teachers.We can share what we know, however little it might be, with others who have need of that knowledge or skill.2006年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）答案（课程代码：00015）

I.Vocabulary and Structure(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)1.B 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.A II.Cloze Test(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)11.B 12.C 13.C 14.A 15.D 16.D 17.A 18.C 19.B 20.B III.Reading Comprehension(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分)21.C 22.D 23.C 24.B 25.A 26.B 27.D 28.A 29.C 30.A 31.D 32.A 33.C 34.C 35.B IV.Word Spelling(本大题共20小题，每两小题1分，共10分)36.winner 37.wither 38.vertical 39.variable 40.unique 41.underground 42.truthfully 43.Tuesday 44.tradition 45.sympathy 46.surrender 47.sufficient 48.relative 49.resistance 50.purposeful 51.property 52.overlook 53.originate 54.musical 55.intention [评分参考] 多写、少写或错写一个或一个以上的字母均为错

V.Word From(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)56.has written 57.to finish 58.to be completed 59.bring 60.better 61.have made 62.taking 63.vote 64.consumption 65.catches [评分参考] 语法错误或拼写错误均不给分。

VI.Translation from Chinese into English(本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分)66.On the average, men are higher than women by several inches/several inches higher than women.67.What you said has nothing to do/has no relevance with what we are discussing.68.Education should enable every student to develop morally, intellectually and physically.69.The book has made a great impact/had a great effect/influence on its readers.70.The test was much more difficult than we had expected.[评分参考]（1）主要语法错误（如动词时态、语态、虚拟语气、主谓一致、否定、疑问以及其他句型错误）或影响基本句意的重要用词错误扣1分。

（2）非基本语法错误（如介词、代词、冠词、大写、标点等错误）以及不影响基本句意的用词错误每两处扣1分。

（3）拼写错误每两处扣1分。拼写错误本大题总扣分不超过3分。（4）如所用句型与答案不一致，只要语言和意义正确，均应给分。VII.Translation from English into Chinese(本大题共15分)一般认为，有知识的人与没有知识的人――他们通常是较年轻的人――之间的区别非常明显。

2005年10月英语

（二）然而，教学不一定是某个特殊群体的领域，也不应该被看作是一项专业技能。教学不止是将信息硬塞进空白的头脑，而更应是指导和帮助。只要你有某种特定的技能，你就应当能与他人分享。你没必要持有证书才能把你的知识传授给他人，或为他们的自学提供帮助。我们社会中每一个成员，从蹒跚学步的孩童到耄耋之年的老者，都应当意识到自己作为教师的才能。尽管我们可能知之甚少，但仍应能与那些需要我们的人来分享我们的知识和技能。〔评分参考〕

短文英译汉的评分标准按译文质量分为15-13分、12-10分、9-7分、6-4分和3-1分五个档次。各档次标准如下：

（1）15-13分。全文翻译正确或基本正确，汉语表达通顺。

（2）12-10分。全文主要内容翻译正确或基本正确，汉语表达通顺，但有少数语句翻译错误。（3）9-7分。全文不少于一半的内容基本正确，汉语表达尚通顺，有一些语句翻译错误。（4）6-4分。少部分内容翻译基本正确，有较多的语句翻译错误。（5）3-1分。仅译对个别句子。

（6）全文译错或泽出零星单词或全文不译，不给分。（7）缺译的语句按完全译错处理。

根据以上评分档次描述，评分可在相应的档次内上下浮动。

2006年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）试卷及答案（课程代码：00015）

第一部分 选择题 I.Vocabulary and Structure 1.The fixed star was a planet.A.made of B.made from C.made up for D.mistaken for 2.Some students from asking questions in class.A.shy away B.blow away C.do away D.carry away 3.Mrs.Weinstein bravely and persistently used every skill and power she had to her attacker to simply take her car and not her life.A.trust B.credit C.convince D.believe 4.Let's personal feelings in making judgment.A.set off B.set aside C.set back D.set up 5.A good worker in a key spot could, he kept up production, take all the coffee breaks he wanted, and the bosses would very likely look the other way.A.as long as B.as though C.as soon as D.as if 6.the bosses cannot do without profit, workers have an edge.A.Though B.For C.Since D.So 7.Decision makers must have some way of determining of several alternatives is best.A.that B.it C.one D.which 8.In August 1977, a satellite to gather data about the 10 million black holes which are thought to be in the Milky Way.A.launched B.was launched C.has been launched D.is launched 9.In studio recordings, new techniques made possible effects that not even an electronic band could produce.A.live B.alive C.lively D.living 10.It is essential that everything in advance.2005年10月英语

（二）A.should decide B.be decided C.decided D.will be decided.II.Cloze Test The money and the time we spend on pets is simply not our own to spend as we like in a time of widespread want and starvation.A 11 organization advertises that for $33 a month they can give hospital care to a child suffering from kwashiorkor-the severe deficiency disease 12 is simply a starving for protein.Doing 13 such a pet, and then sending the money saved to a relief organization would mean 14 a life-over the years, several human lives.Children not 15 from such a grave disease could be fed with half that amount-not on a diet like ours, but on plain, basic, life-sustaining food.It is not unreasonable to believe 16 the amount of money we spend on the average pet dog could keep a child 17 in a region of great poverty.18 what we would spend on a cat might not feed a child, but it 19 probably pay for his medical care or basic education.The point needs no 20.That is all that need be said.11.A.relied B.fund C.domestic D.medical 12.A.why B.when C.where D.which 13.A.with B.for C.against D.without 14.A.to save B.saving C.save D.saved 15.A.recovering B.having C.suffering D.infecting 16.A.which B.what C.that D.where 17.A.alive B.life C.live D.survive 18.A.Giving B.To give C.Given D.Give 19.A.would B.should C.must D.need 20.A.doing B.operating C.laboring D.functioning III.Reading Comprehension Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.We can make mistakes at any age.Some mistakes we make are about money.But most mistakes are about people.“Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?” “When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?” “Why didn't I realize that Paul was friendly just because I had a car?” When we look back, doubts like these can make up feel bad.But when we look back, it's too late.Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning.If we don't really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words.Suppose someone tells you, “You're a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side? If he says, “You're a lucky boy” or “You're a lucky girl”, that's being friendly.But there's a bit of envy in “lucky dog.” Maybe he doesn't see it himself.But bringing in the “dog” bit puts you down a little.What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck.“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for” is another noise that says one thing and means another.It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole.But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important.It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words? One way is to take a good

2005年10月英语

（二）look at the person talking.Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says square with the tone of voice? His gesture? The look in his eyes? Stop and think.The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you many save another mistake.21.According to the writer, when people look back it is too late, because.A.mistakes have already been made B.mistakes can made them feel bad C.they are unaware of their mistakes D.they are doubtful of their friends 22.People make mistakes when they fail to A.deal with others with due friendliness B.hide their true feelings in what they say C.realize they deserve what they have got D.see the real meaning of what others say 23.Judging from the phrase “just think of all the things you have to be thankful for”, it is clear that the speaker actually lacks.A.optimism B.sympathy C.motivation D.courage 24.To be a successful listener, one is advised to 1.A.ask the speaker as many questions as he can 2.B.observe the speaker as carefully as possible 3.C.listen to the speaker as attentively as he can 4.D.challenge the speaker as actively as possible 25.The passage aims to tell readers how to.A.interpret what people say B.interpret what money means C.avoid mistakes about people D.avoid mistakes about money Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Doctors have long known that eating fish helps protect against heart disease.What they don't know is why fish are beneficial.For years they figured it was a simple question of substitution: folks who replace red meat with fish are naturally cutting down their intake of saturated(饱和的)fat.But a growing body of evidence collected over the past 30 years suggests fish contain healthful elements called omega-3 fatty acids.Omega-3 fatty acids belong to a group of compounds known as polyunsaturated fats.These fats serve as the raw material for a whole host of essential structures in the body, from brain cells to molecules(分子)that regulate blood pressure.Since our bodies cannot manufacture their own supply of omega-3s, we have to get them from the food we eat, mostly from fish but also from plant sources like soybeans(大豆).The American Heart Association has recommended that everyone eat two 85-g servings of fatty fish a week.But the A.H.A's expert panel wasn't ready to declare that taking omega-3 pills will protect your heart.It's just too easy to get more omega-3 than you need from pills, and the panel was worried that an excess could cause serious side effects, such as internal bleeding.The U.S.Food and Drug Administration, however, allowed manufactures of omega-3 pills and fish oils to advertise the fat's benefits-as long as the label does not suggest taking more than two grams per day.One thing is clear whether you get your omega-3s from pills, oils or fish: they are not cure-alls.You still have to eat a well-balanced diet that's lower in total fat

2005年10月英语

（二）than most Americans currently consume.Otherwise, you're fishing for trouble.26.Doctors have long been puzzled by.A.why red meat is harmful B.how beneficial fish are C.what makes fish healthful D.how red meat is replaced 27.We can learn from the passage that.A.human beings get omega-3s from their food B.omega-3s are only found in fish and soybeans C.omega-3s are the raw material for saturated fats D.polyunsaturated fats constitute human molecules 28.The A.H.A.didn't recommend omega-3 pills, because A.it had no knowledge of the safe dose of omega-3 B.it had no evidence that they can protect the heart C.the pills contain too little omega-3 to be helpful D.one is likely to get too much omega-3 from the pills 29.The FDA allowed manufacturers of omega-3 pills and fish oils to advertise omega-3's benefits on condition that A.their suggested dose is printed on the label B.their suggested dose is within the safety limit C.the fat's potential side effects are mentioned D.the products contain side effects are mentioned 30.The writer seems to suggest that A.omega-3s can balance one's diet B.omega-3s can serve as a supplement C.an unbalanced diet is made worse by omega-3s D.a well-balanced diet contains enough omega-3s Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.It was a terrible tragedy, six times more deadly than the Titanic(泰坦尼克号).When the German ship Wilhelm Gustloff was hit by torpedoes(鱼雷)fired from a Russian submarine(潜水艇)in the final winter of World War II, more than 10,000 people---mostly women, children and old people fleeing the final Red Army push into Germany-were packed aboard.An ice storm had turned the dicks into frozen sheets that sent hundreds of families sliding into sea as the ship listed and began to go down.Others desperately tried to put lifeboats down.Some who succeeded fought off those in the water who had the strength to try to get aboard.Most people froze immediately.“I'll never forget the screams,” says Christa Nutzmann, 87, one of the 1,200 survivors.She recalls watching the ship, brightly lit, slipping into its dark grave-and rarely mentioned for more than half a century.The long silence about the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was probably unavoidable-and necessary.By unreservedly confessing their country's horrible crimes Germans have managed to win acceptance abroadand make peace with their neighbors.Today's unified Germany is more prosperous and stable than at any time in its long, troubled history.For that, a half century of willful forgetting about painful memories like the German Titanic was perhaps a reasonable price to pay.But even the most politically correct Germans believe that they've now earned the right to discuss the full historical record.Not to identify German suffering with that of its victims, but simply to acknowledge a terrible tragedy.2005年10月英语

（二）31.The Wilhelm Gustloff went down because A.it ran into an ice storm B.it was hit by another ship C.it crashed into a submarine D.it was attacked by torpedoes 32.Most passengers on board the Wilhelm Gustloff took the voyage to A.taste the luxury of the ship B.seek protection in another place C.escape the cold winter back home D.enjoy their holidays abroad 33.As the ship began to sink, some passengers A.set the decks on fire as a signal for help B.fought fiercely on the decks for lifeboats C.jumped into sea and swam to a nearby ship D.prevented others from getting on their lifeboats 34.The Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy remains a near secret for more than half a century because Germans A.preferred to say nothing about it B.were requested to keep silent about it C.spared not effort to cover up the story D.were denied access to the whole story 35.It can be inferred from the passage that Germans no longer think that A.it is too early to claim responsibility for the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy B.the German tragedy is a reasonable price to pay for the nation's past C.they will be misunderstood if they talk about the German tragedy D.Germany is responsible for the horrors it caused during World War II

第二部分 非选择题 IV.Word Spelling 36.结果，成果 n.37.分享，股份 n.38.愿意的，乐意的 adj.39.警告，告诫 v.40.表达，表情 n.41.多样性 n.42.预算 n 43.衡量，测量 n.44.保证，担保 v.45.家庭的，国内的 adj.46.发源，发起 v.47.应用，用具 n.48.激发，作为„.的动机 v.49.可行的，可能的 adj.50.欣赏，感激 n.51.战略，策略 n.52.精制，使精美 v.53.面对，对抗 v.54.一致，相符 v.55.最后的，最终的 adj.V.Word Form 56.Do not let this(say)of you.It shows an unattractive indifference to your employer and to your job.57.The theory of black holes in space(accept)by many serious scientists and astronomers.58.If you had been in better health, we(allow)you to join them in the work.59.Although they agree that life is important and should be respected, they feel that the quality of life should not(ignore).2005年10月英语

（二）60.I would rather you(come)tomorrow.61.One hundred miles(be)too far to travel on foot.62.Robots,(become)increasingly prevalent in factories and industrial plants throughout the developed world, are programmed and engineered to perform industrial tasks without human intervention.63.Every boy and girl(treat)in the same way.64.He took his umbrella with him lest it(rain).65.Many other new techniques are now available that enable more research(do)in the test tube to see if chemicals produce harmful biological effects.VI.Translation from Chinese into English 66.他孤注一掷用自己的积蓄开了一家小商店。67.时差反应是每个国际旅行者可能遇到的问题。68.有人提出管理过程就是决策过程。

69.每个人都是平等的，不管他是总统还是马路清洁工。70.不用说，我们现在已不是生活在传统时期。

VII.Translation from English into Chinese 71.Between labor and play stands work.A man is a worker if he is personally interested in the job which society pays him to do;what from the point of view of society is necessary labor is from his own point of view voluntary play.Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends, not on the job itself, but on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it.The difference does not, for example, coincide with the difference between a manual and a mental job;a gardener or a cobbler may be a worker, a bank clerk a laborer.Which a man is can be seen from his attitude toward leisure.To a worker, leisure means simply the hour he needs to relax and rest in order to work efficiently.He is therefore more likely to take too little leisure than too much;workers die of coronaries and forget their wives' birthdays.To the laborer, on the other hand, leisure means freedom from compulsion, so that it is natural for him to imagine that the fewer hours he has to spend laboring, and the more hours he is free to play, the better.2006年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）答案（课程代码：00015）

I.Vocabulary and Structure 1.D 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.B II.Cloze Test 11.A 12.D 13.D 14.B 15.C 16.C 17.A 18.B 19.A 20.C III.Reading Comprehension 21.A 22.D 23.B 24.B 25.C 26.C 27.A 28.D 29.B 30.B 31.D 32.B 33.D 34.A 35.C IV.Word Spelling 36.result 37.share 38.willing 39.warn 40.expression 41.diversity 42.budget 43.measurement 44.ensure 45.domestic 46.originate 47.appliance 48.motivate

2005年10月英语

（二）49.feasible 50.appreciation 51.strategy 52.refine 53.confront 54.coincide 55.ultimate V.Word Form 56.be said 57.is accepted 58.would have allowed 59.be ignored 60.came 61.is 62.becoming 63.is treated 64.should rain 65.to be done VI.Translation from Chinese into English 66.He gambled his savings to start a small shop.67.The problem of Jet Lag is one every international traveler comes across.68.Some suggest that the management process is decision making.69.Every person is equal be president or a street cleaner.70.It goes without saying that we are not living in a traditionalist period.VII.Translation from English into Chinese.71.劳役和玩乐之间是工作。一个对获得社会支付的职业感兴趣的人就是工作者；从社会角度来看必须付出的劳动而在个人来看就是自愿选择的娱乐。一个职业是归类为劳役还是工作不是看其职业本身，而是看从事这一职业的个人爱好。比如，这个差异并不是体力劳动与脑力劳动之间的差异；一个花匠或皮匠可以是个工作者，而一个银行职员则可能是苦役者。对此从他对休闲的态度就可以看出。对于工作者来说，休闲只是他为了更有效地工作而放松休息的时间，因此他花费的休闲时间很可能太少而非太多，他常常死于冠心病或忘记他妻子的生日。而对于劳役者来说，休闲就是摆脱强制，因此对他来说自然是劳作时间越少而玩的时间越多越好。

2007年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）试卷及答案（课程代码：00015）

Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 point each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。1.It is difficult to __ the implication between the lines.A.get to B.get with C.get at D.get down 2.The volleyball match was televised __ on CCTV.A.alive B.life C.live D.lively 3.The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its __ considerabi A.distribution B.contribution C.prescription D.circulatiol 4.The central theatre has a seating __ of more than 3,000 people.A.capability B.capacity C.ability

2005年10月英语

（二）D.facility 5.The furniture in her bedroom is quite different from __ in the living room.A.that B.it C.one D.which 6.Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to be __.A.shutdown B.done away C.taken off D.called off 7.Jenny complained that the hospital _ her too much for the treatment.A.expended B.paid C.cost D.charged 8.Having decided to rent a flat, we __ contacting housing agencies in the city.A.set about B.set down C.set out D.setup 9.The book fair has received a positive __ from readers.A.result B.response C.settlement D.solution 10.If the operation __ carefully prepared, it would not have been successful.A.was not B.has not been C.had not been D.were not

Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10 point each)The basic principle of radar is illustrated by what happens when one shouts in a e.The echoof the shouting 11 the walls helps a person determine the size of i cave.With radar, however , the waves are radio waves instead of 12 waves.dio waves travel 13 the speed of light, about 300,000 kilometers in a second.A lar set 14 a short burst of radio waves.Then it receives the echoes 15 when waves bounce(Silt)off objects.By determining the time it 16 for the echoes to imi to the radar set, a trained technician 17 determine the distance between the [ar set and other objects.The word “radar”, 18 , gets its name from the term dio detection and ranging.“ ”Ranging“ is the term for detection of the 19 between object and the radar set.Besides being of critical importance to pilot, radar is 20 for air traffic control, tracking ships at sea, and for tracking weather systems and storms.11.A.through B.for

2005年10月英语

（二）C.on D.against 12.A.sound B.light C.heat D.tide 13.A.in B.at C.over D.on 14.A.sends out B.works out C.figures out D.puts out 15.A.producing B.produced C.produce D.produces 16.A.spends B.takes C.kills D.makes 17.A.can B.must C.ought to D.has to 18.A.incase B.in turn C.in short D.in fact 19.A.length B.width C.distance D.space 20.A.Eventual B.internal C.external D.essential Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points,2 points each)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Among the company was a lawyer, a young man of about twenty-five.On being asked his opinion, he said, ”Capital punishment and life imprisonment are equally immoral.If I were to make a choice between them, I would rather choose the latter Anyway, it's

2005年10月英语

（二）better to live than not to live at all.“ A lively discussion followed.A banker, who was then younger and more nervous than the lawyer, suddenly lost his temper and cried out, ”It's a lie.I bet you two million.You wouldn't stick in a cell even for five years.“ ”If you mean it,“ replied the young lawyer, ”I bet I'll stay there longer;make it fifteen instead of five.“ ”Fifteen!Done!“ cried the banker.”Gentleman, I bet you two millions.“ ”Agreed.Two millions for my freedom,“ said the lawyer.So this wild, ridiculous bet came to pass.The banker could not hide his excitement During supper he said to the lawyer jokingly, ”Come to your senses, young man, before it's too late.Two millions are nothing to me, but you stand to lose three or four of the best years of your life.I say three or four because you'll never stick it out any longer Don't forget that voluntary imprisonment is much harder to put up with than a enforced one.The idea that you have the right to free yourself any moment will poison your life in the cell.I pity you.“ And now the banker, pacing from comer to comer, recalled all this and asked himself, ”Why did I make this bet? What's the good? The lawyer lost fifteen years of hi life and I threw away two millions.Will it convince people that capital punishment is worse or better than imprisonment for life? No, no!Rubbish!On my part, it was the caprice（心血来潮）of a well-fed millionaire;on the lawyer's part, it's the pure greed c gold." 21．The lawyer would choose life imprisonment because.A.he was younger than the banker B.capital punishment was immoral C.it was better than capital punishment D.the banker would give him $200,000 22.The author considers the bet between the lawyer and the banker.A.interesting B.ridiculous C.capricious D.instructive 23.The word 'company' in the first paragraph refers to __.A.companions B.bankers C.lawyers D.prisoners 24.The banker was extremely excited because __.A.he was too rich to care for the money B.he was sure of his winning the bet C.the lawyer would give up in 15 years D.the lawyer would give up before 5 years 25.In the end, the banker considers his bet with the lawyer __.A.rational B.reasonable C.beneficial D.unreasonable Passage Two

2005年10月英语

（二）Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Online learning is also called distance education, which helps students who take classes by computer over the Internet to learn certain courses and earn a degree.And it has become more and more popular with both young people and educational institutions.The School of Continuing and Professional Studies of New York University in Manhattan began online classes in 1992.Its Virtual School has taught more than 10,000 students from across the United States and other countries.Last year，the school launched NYU Online.It offers NYU's first online Programs for a bachelor's degree.Programs are offered in three areas;leadership And management, information systems management and social sciences.The classes are highly interactive where students communicate with each other and their teachers.Some classes require students to log in at the same time so they can attend live lectures by a professor Students can also ask questions and work together on team projects.The cost to attend NYU Online depends on how many classes a student is to take It costs as much as fifteen thousand dollars a year.NYU offers no financial aid for international students in this program.If you are interested in the program, you can gel more details at the website: www.xiexiebang.common belief that the problems of the population explosion are caused mainly by poor people living in poor countries who do not know enough to limit their reproduction.This is not true.The actual number of people in an area is not as important as the effect they have on nature.Developing countries do have an effect on their environment, but it is the populations of richer countries that have a far greater impact on the earth as a whole.For example, tropical forests are known to be essential to the balance of nature, yet we are destroying them at a great rate.They are being cleared not to benefit the natives of that country, but to satisfy the needs of rich countries.Central American forests are being destroyed for grassland to make pet food in the United States cheaper;in Papua slew Guinea, forests are destroyed to supply cheaper cardboard packaging for Japanese electronic products;in Burma and Thailand, forests have been destroyed to produce more attractive furniture in Singapore and Hong Kong.Therefore, a rich person living thousands of miles away may cause more tropical forest destruction than a poor person living in the forest itself.In short, it is everybody's duty to safeguard the future of mankind—not only through population control, but by being more aware of the effect his actions have on nature.Nature is both fragile and powerful.It is very easily destroyed;on the other hand, it can easily destroy its most dangerous enemy—man.31.According to the first paragraph, people usually believe that.A.poor people in poor countries contribute to the imbalance of nature B.rich people know how to protect the environment by taking actions C.people in poor areas know a lot about the birth control D.rich people in rich countries have done a lot to balance nature 32.In the author's opinion, __.A.developing countries should be responsible for environmental problems B.overpopulation in the world is created by the developed countries C.rich countries exercise worse influence on environment than poor countries D.all countries should bring the population growth under control 33.The purpose of the second paragraph is mainly to illustrate __.A.how the forests in the U.S.are being destroyed B.which countries are the victims of the imbalance of nature C.what Japan has done to develop its own economy D.how South Asian countries make quality furniture 34.Nature is very easily destroyed by __.A.rich people B.poor people C.natural disasters D.mankind 35.The topic of the passage is that __.A.the control of population is essential to the development of a nation

2005年10月英语

（二）B.natural resources are important to the economic development of a country C.awareness of the effects of man's actions is as important as population control D.developed countries should do more to protect natural environment on the earth IV.Word Spelling(10 points, 1 point for two items)将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。36．到国外；在国外 ad.a 37.相反的；不利的 a.a

38.帝国 n.e

39.典礼，仪式 n.c

40.环境；境遇 n.c

41.密集度，稠密度 n.d

42.出现，涌现 v.e

43.扩大，放大 n.e

44.特征，特色 n.f

45.杂志 n.m

46.移民，侨民

2005年10月英语

（二）n.i

47.许可；执照 n.l

48.同时，其间 n.m

49.需要，必需品 n.n

50.服从，听从 v.o

51.四月 a.A

52.根本的，激进的 a.r

53.狡猾的；难处理的 a.t

54.策略，战略 n.s

55.宇宙的，普遍的 a.u

V.Word Form(10 points, 1 point each)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

56.Small shops offer products that range from inexpensive to expensive, __(depend)on the shop.57.Our training program covers a range of __(effect)management techniques.58.Large sums of money have to __(spend)each year on railway construction.59.He saw a letter lying on the table __(address)to him.60.It is highly __(desire)that the government give the company more financial support.38

2005年10月英语

（二）61.She had an outward __(appear), but deep down she was really worried.62.There are a __(surprise)large number of mistakes in the test paper.63.Weather __(permit), the football match will be played on Wednesday.64.He lay perfectly still and __(play)dead to escape capture by the enemy.65.We are supposed __(follow)the teachers9 instructions, VI.Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points each)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

66．当人类对周围的环境开始发问时，科学就诞生了。67．他尽管病得很重，但还是参加了会议。

68．这项研究结果表明白日梦有助于提高一个人适应新环境的能力。69．直到这次求职面试失败，他才意识到英语学习的重要性。70．随着经济发展和社会进步，人们越来越关心生活质量。Ⅶ.Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)When you turn on the television, put on your shoes or drive to a store, you're using energy.Energy is one of the most fundamental forces in the world.Animals use energy to walk and run.Trees and plants use energy to grow.People use it to work and play.Energy is everywhere in nature—in the light of the sun, in the wind, in the forest, in water currents and erupting volcanoes.Without energy, there is no life.We use our own energy constantly and we continually make use of all kinds of energy.Energy can be divided into two different types: stored energy and dynamic energy.Stored energy is called potential energy, and the latter refers to energy in motion.If you stretch out a rubber band, this produces potential energy.If you let it go, it moves an produces the dynamic energy.2007年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）答案（课程代码：00015）

I.Vocabulary and Structure（每小题1分，共10分）I.C 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.A 6.D 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.C II.Cloze Test(每小题1分，共10分)11.D 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.B 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C

2005年10月英语

（二）20.D Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(每小题2分，共30分)21.C 22.B 23.A 24.B 25.D 26.B 27.C 28.A 29.D 30.A 31.A 32.C 33.B 34.D 35.C IV.Word Spelling(每两小题1分，共30分)36.abroad 37.adverse 38.empire 39.ceremony 40.circumstance 41.density 42.emerge 43.enlarge 44.feature 45.magazine 46.immigrant 47.licence(-nse)48.meantime 49.necessity 50.obey 51.April 52.radical 53.tricky 54.strategy 55.universal V.Word Form(每小题1分，共10分)56.depending 57.effective 58.be spent 59.addressed 60.desirable 61.appearance 62.surprisingly 63.permitting 64.played 65.to follow VI.Translation from Chinese into English(每小题3分，共15分

66.Science came into being when man began to ask questions about his environment.67.Despite his serious illness, he came to/attended the meeting, or Although he was

2005年10月英语

（二）seriously ill, he came to/attended the meeting.68．The study indicates that daydreaming helps(to)improve a person's ability to adapt(himself)to a new environment.69.He didn't realize the importance of English learning until he failed in the job interview, or Not until he failed in the job interview did he realize the importance of English learning, or It was not until he failed in the job interview that he realized the importance of English learning.70.With(the)economic development and social progress, people are increasingly concerned with the quality of life.Ⅶ.Translation from English into Chinese(本大题共15分)当你打开电视、穿鞋子、或驾车购物，你都在消耗能量。能量是世界上一种最基本的力。动物行走、奔跑、树木、植物生长，人类工作和消遣，都在消耗能量。能量存在于阳光、风、树林、水流和喷发的火山中，自然界中不无处不在。没有能量，就没有生命。我们在不断地消耗自身的能量，也在不断地消耗其他种类的能量。

能量有两种不同的类型：储能和动能。储能被称之为潜能，而动能被称之为运动能。如果你把橡皮筋拉长，这就产生了潜能；你一松手，它就会收缩并产生动能。

2007年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（二）试卷及答案（课程代码：00015）

Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points, 1 point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。1．It makes good＿to bring an umbrella;it seems to be raining today.A.sense B．reason C.suggestion D.advice 2．If you are too＿of your children, they will never learn to deal with difficulties in life.A.respective B.detective C．protective D．effective.3．His intelligence will＿him to get a scholarship to college.A.enable B.persuade C.suggest D.employ 4．The professor asked a question, and David＿a good answer.A.put up with B.stood up for C．came up with D．looked down upon 5．No sooner had we reached home＿a violent storm broke out.A.when B.that C．until D．than

2005年10月英语

（二）6．People differ＿one another＿their ability to handle stress.A.from...to B．from...in C.for...in D.in...from 7．They should try to＿their usual inhibitions and join in the fun.A.send off B．lay aside C．take to D.turn off 8．During the past two decades, research has＿our knowledge of daydreaming.A.expanded B.emerged C.descended D.conquered 9．The students are required to＿the main ideas of the article in their own words.A.symbolize B.minimize C．synchronize D.summarize 10．The outline of rooftops and chimneys＿against the pale sky.A.pulled out B.looked out C．held out D．stood out Ⅱ．Cloze Test(10 points, 1 point for each item)下列短文中有＋个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

Curiosity is not only a possible motivation, it is also a great help in your learning languages.Remember that a language is not 11 a grammatical system.It is the 12 of a certain culture of different cultures.It is no good 13 strings of words and lists of grammatical rules 14 you know as much as possible about the background of the language, so that you can understand the ideas conveyed and the references made, as well as the inferences which can 15 the information clearly given.So learn as much as you can about the different cultures which 16 English-watch television programs, listen to the radio, try to obtain 17 and magazines written by native speakers, look at advertisements, and, above all, read-not textbooks, 18 novels, poems and plays.They will show you how a language is 19 used.The English language is a living form of expression which derives much of its 20 from the context, and much of its effect from a whole network of extra-linguistic knowledge.11．A.just B.even C.so D.that

2005年10月英语

（二）12．A.outlook B.outcome C.outset D.outline 13．A.have learnt B.learn C.learning D.learnt 14．A．since B．until C．when D．unless 15．A．be carried over B．be freed from C．be held up D．be drawn from 16．A．influence B．abandon C．restore D.furnish 17．A.film B.television C．radio D.newspapers 18．A．but B．or C．and D．as 19．A．occasionally B．really C．casually D．scarcely 20．A．structure B．implication C．meaning D．indication Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension(30 points, 2 points for each item)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.How often one hears children wishing they were grown up, and old people wishing they were young again.Each age has its pleasures and its pains, and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities.If a child has good parents, he is well fed, looked after and loved.It is unlikely that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return.In addition, life is always presenting new things to the child-things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well known.A child finds pleasure in playing in the rain, or in the snow.His first visit to the seaside is a marvelous adventure．But a child has his pains：he is not so free to do as he wishes as he thinks older people are;he is continually being told what to do and what not to do．Therefore, a child is not happy as he wishes to be.When the young man starts to earn his own living, he becomes free from the discipline of school and parents;but at the same time he is forced to accept．responsibilities.With no one to pay for his food, his clothes, or his room, he has to work if he wants to live comfortably.If he spends most of his time playing

2005年10月英语

（二）about in the way that he used to as a child, he will go hungry.And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may get himself into trouble.If, however, he works hard, goes by the law and has good health, he may feel satisfied in seeing himself make steady progress in his job and in building up for himself his own position in society.Old age has always been thought of as the worst age to be;but it is not necessary for the old to be unhappy.With old age comes wisdom and the ability to help others with advice wisely given.The old can have the joy of seeing their children making progress in life;they can watch their grandchildren growing up around them;and, perhaps best of all, they can, if their life has been a useful one, feel the happiness of having come through the battle of life safely and of having reached a time when they can lie back and rest, leaving everything to others.21．The happiest people should be those who A．face up to difficulties in life B．hope to be young again C．enjoy life in different ages D．wish to be grown up 22．The word “they” in Line 5，Para.2 refers to＿． A．older people B．new things C．children D．interests 23 ．A child has his pains because＿． A．he can not do whatever he wants to B．he is not allowed to play in rain C．he has a lot of new things to learn D.he can not play at the seaside freely 24．When a child becomes a grown-up, he is supposed to＿． A．live comfortably B．take responsibilities C．make progress in job

2005年10月英语

（二）D．impress the society 25．The best title of the passage might be＿． A．Pains and Ages B．Differences in Ages C．The Best Age to Be D．Happiness and Ages Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.We all know that humans are damaging the environment, but what can we do about it? Some people are trying to do their bit to be more environmentally friendly.Local councils in Britain encourage certain aspects of green living, such as recycling paper, tin, plastic and glass.They want to reduce the amount of rubbish going into landfill sites（填埋场），because they are running out of places to dump（倾倒）rubbish.In some areas rubbish for recycling is collected from your doorstep, but in other areas, you have to take it to a special recycling place, such as a bottle bank.Another way of reducing the amount of rubbish you create is to use reusable products instead of disposable ones For example, some people use strong shopping bags or boxes for their groceries instead of plastic carrier bags, or use washable nappies instead of disposables.More people are becoming interested in reducing their carbon footprint—the amount of carbon they use up.They try to reduce their carbon emissions（释放）by cycling, using public transport or an electric car, rather than driving gas-consuming vehicles.Some people choose not to fly for holiday trips because planes are the biggest producers of carbon emissions.You can make‘green’ choices when buying food too.It's best to buy food which was locally grown or produced so that it hasn't been imported by air, or shipped by road from far away.Houses can be environmentally friendly too.It takes less energy to heat a house if it has good insulation（绝缘，隔热）and double glazing(双层玻璃）．You can also create your own energy it you have solar panels or a wind turbine fitted though these

2005年10月英语

（二）can be expensive.You can also save water by using a rain water container for washing the car or watering the garden.It's even possible to use a system where‘grey water’—water which has been through a tap（水龙头）once already, is used to flush（冲洗）toilets.Some new housing projects are being built specifically to be as environmentally friendly as possible.26．The purpose of collecting reusable wastes is to＿． A．save energy consumed in daily life B．reduce the amount of rubbish dumped C．create a new way of green living D．decrease the amount of carbon produced 27．In order to cut down on the carbon emission, more people choose to travel＿． A．by electric car, bicycle or plane B．by private car, bicycle or bus C．by bus, electric car or plane D．by bicycle, bus or electric car 28．It is best for people to buy food＿when making‘green’ choices.A．produced locally B．imported abroad C．transported by road D．grown in green houses 29．As mentioned,‘grey water’ can be used to＿，A．wash the car B．water the garden C．clean the toilet D．dispose of wastes 30．The passage is intended to advise people＿． A．to make use of rubbish B．to save energy and water C．to recycle reusable products D．to have a green living Passage Three

2005年10月英语

（二）Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Americans are a very energetic and mobile people, always on the run;rushing from one appointment to another, from a PTA(Parent Teacher Association)meeting to a social planning committee.They have very little time to spend preparing elaborate（精致的，复杂的）everyday meals to be eaten at leisure.In many homes it is rare for the whole family to sit down at supper together.Clubs and committees force them to grab a quick meal rather than a sit-down supper.When they do have the chance to eat at home, often the working housewife prefers to prepare meals that can be quickly heated and consumed.It is no wonder, therefore, that America has become a shelter for fast food consumption.This great transformation occurred after World War Ⅱ when many women began to work full time and spend less time at home with their families.Women, however, wanted to function well in the capacity of homemaker, as well as that of career woman but time became a precious commodity（商品）which had to be carefully used.Therefore, it was necessary to make her life easier at home in the preparation of the family dinner.Simultaneously with women entering the job market there was also a shifting of the focus of home entertainment from the radio to the television.Television became the latest fashion in the 1950s and no one wanted to miss his or her favorite programs.And then, the place for supper shifted from the dining room to the living room.As the customs changed, so did the culture.The immediate solution for this was the invention of the TV dinner.These were frozen meals which were divided into portions of meat and vegetables.They could easily be put into an oven（锅）and prepared within minutes.The tin trays（托盘）in which they were served were conveniently carried into the living room and dinner was consumed in front of a TV set.Cleaning up afterwards was no problem.The tin trays were easily thrown into the garbage.From fast dinners at home the next step was quick eating while on the road.Love for TV was combined with the fascination for the automobile.It is not odd that with the development of the superhighways America saw the beginning of fast food chains.McDonald's paved the way with its variety of burgers and cold drinks soon to be followed by all kinds of other foods.Today dozens of fast-food chain stores can be

2005年10月英语

（二）found along highways, in modern shopping malls and scattered throughout neighborhoods in America.Taco Bell, Pizza Hut, Roy Roger's, Burger King and Wendy's are just a few of the fast-food chains which are now part of American culture． They offer chicken, donuts, tacos and pizza, all quickly produced in great quantities for the masses.These establishments have given shape to the modern lifestyles and diet of the American people.31．In America, the whole family seldom have dinner together at home because＿． A．they have so many social activities B．they have a lot of meetings to attend C．they rush from one appointment to another D．they often move from one place to another 32．America has become a shelter for fast food consumption because A．some women are engaged in entertainments B．few women are able to make meals at home C．women are unwilling to cook for their families D．many women are mostly occupied with work 33．The passage tells that nowadays Americans have their supper＿． A．in the dinning room B．in the living room C．in the grocery stores D．in the fast food chains 34．The word “establishments” in the last paragraph probably means＿． A．fast foods B．TV dinners C．shopping malls D．snack bars 35．The main idea of the passage is about＿.A．women's role in American families B．advantages of fast food for Americans C．modern lifestyles and diet in America D．shift of American home entertainment

2005年10月英语

（二）PART TWO（50 POINTS）

Iv．Word Spelling(10 points, 1 point for two items)将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。

请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

36.角力，摔跤 vi w_ _ _ _ _ _ 37．打哈欠 vi.y_ _ _ 38．天气，气象 n.w_ _ _ _ _ _ 39．志愿者，志愿兵 n.V_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40.唯一的，独特的a.u_ _ _ _ _ 41．打字机n.t_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42．绊跌，绊倒vi.S_ _ _ _ _ _ 43．保持，保留n.r_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 44．提及，参考n.r_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 45．预期的，未来的a.p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46．忽略，眺望vt.o_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47.功能的，实用的a.f_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48．部长，大臣n.m_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 49．使地方化vt.l_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50．夹克衫n.j_ _ _ _ _ 51．注射，针剂n.i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 52．女主人n.h_ _ _ _ _ _ 53．真正的，真诚的a.g_ _ _ _ _ _ 54．侄子，外甥n.n_ _ _ _ _ 55．怀疑的，可疑的a.d_ _ _ _ _ _ _ V．Word Form(10 points, 1 point for each item)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。56．I would play football with you if I＿20 years younger.(be)57．Just as she was about＿，she was handed a note．(speak)58．I don't want to make a show of＿before strangers.(Ⅰ)59．__is the mother of invention.This is remarkably true.(Necessary)60．The mayor gave a＿speech to call up the citizens against pollution.(convince)61．He was hurt by a flower vase＿from the balcony（阳台）．(drop)62．Neither the prices nor the quality＿in the last contract.(specify)63．The beauty of the place is beyond＿．(describe)64．It is the first time I＿with native speakers in English.(talk)65．The family spent a＿holiday in the country last month.(delight)Ⅵ．Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points for each item)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

66.上周末的音乐会上，那位歌唱家的演唱由她的学生担任钢琴伴奏。67.那些年轻人尽了全力才达到了他们的目标。68.全家人都同意去澳大利亚过新年。

2005年10月英语

（二）69．直到最近我才意识到语言与文化密切相关。70．科学技术从未像现在这样高速发展。

Ⅶ．Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

Books are to mankind what memory is to the individual.They contain the history of our race, the discoveries we have made, the accumulated knowledge and experience of ages．They picture for us the marvels and beauties of nature, help us out of difficulty, comfort us in sorrow, change hours of tiredness into moments of delight, fill our minds with good ideas and happy thoughts, and lift us out of and above ourselves.And also, books can help transport us to mountains or the seashore, and visit the most beautiful parts of the earth, without fatigue, inconvenience, or expense.In a sense they give us an even more vivid idea than the actual reality.So, precious and priceless are the blessings which the books scatter around our daily paths．We walk, in imagination, with noblest spirits, through the most fascinating regions.50

第五篇：2016年二建水利历年真题及解析

2015年二建水利真题及解析

第1题：单项选择题(单选)(本题:1分)经纬仪照准操作的正确步骤是（）。

A.目镜调焦→粗瞄目标→物镜调焦→准确瞄准目标 B.粗瞄目标→目镜调焦→物镜调焦→准确瞄准目标 C.物镜调焦→粗瞄目标→目镜调焦→准确瞄准目标 D.粗瞄目标→物镜调焦→目镜调焦→准确瞄准目标

答疑：参考答疑：A【解析】本题考查的是测量仪器的使用。经纬仪照准操作的正确步骤：目镜调焦、粗瞄目标、物镜调焦、准确瞄准目标。参见教材P32。

第2题：单项选择题(单选)(本题:1分)中小型水利工程的普通混凝土配合比设计，骨料的含水状态一般以（）为基准。

A.饱和面干

B.干燥

C.气干

D.湿润 答疑：参考答疑：B【解析】本题考查的是混凝土的分类和质量要求。计算混凝土配合比时，一般以干燥状态的骨料为基准，而大型水利工程常以饱和面干状态的骨料为基准。参见教材P36。

第3题：单项选择题(单选)(本题:1分)水工结构预应力混凝土的强度等级最小应为（）。

A.C20

B.C25

C.C30

D.C35 答疑：参考答疑：C【解析】本题考查的是混凝土的分类和质量要求。预应力混凝土结构的强度等级不小于C30。参见教材P38。

第4题：单项选择题(单选)(本题:1分)在龙口建造浮桥，沿龙口前沿拋投块料，使堆筑戗堤均匀上升的是（）。A.平堵法

B.立堵法

C.塞堵法

D.盖堵法

答疑：参考答疑：A【解析】平堵法是先在龙口建造浮桥或栈桥，由自卸汽车或其他运输工具运来抛投料，沿龙口前沿抛投，先下小料，随着流速增加，逐渐抛投大块料，使堆筑戗堤均勻地在水下上升，直至高出水面，截断河床。参见教材P60。

第5题：单项选择题(单选)(本题:1分)水利工程施工中，根据土的开挖方法和难易程度等将土分为（）类。A.3

B.4 C.5

D.6 答疑：参考答疑：B【解析】本题考查的是土方开挖技术。水利水电工程施工中常用土的工程分类，依开挖方法、开挖难易程度等，土分为4类。参见教材P62。

第6题：单项选择题(单选)(本题:1分)确定大体积混凝土浇筑的分块尺寸和铺层厚度的主要因素是混凝土（）。A.运输浇筑能力

B.施工人员数量 C.施工现场环境

D.温度控制措施

答疑：参考答疑：A【解析】本题考查的是混凝土浇筑与养护。分块尺寸和铺层厚度受混凝土运输能力的限制。参见教材P87。

第7题：单项选择题(单选)(本题:1分)水闸闸墩混凝土的温度裂缝，宜在（）的情况下进行修补。

A.高温季节、裂缝开度较大

B.低温季节、裂缝开度较大 C.高温季节、裂缝开度较小

D.低温季节、裂缝开度较小

答疑：参考答疑：B【解析】本题考查的是混凝土裂缝。对受气温影响的裂缝，宜在低温季节裂缝开度较大的情况下修补。参见教材P95。

第8题：单项选择题(单选)(本题:1分)水利工程施工现场的消防通道宽度最小应为（）m。

A.3.0 B.3.5

C.4.0

D.2.0 答疑：参考答疑：B【解析】本题考查的是施工现场安全要求。根据施工生产防火安全的需要，合理布置消防通道和各种防火标志，消防通道应保持通畅，宽度不得小于3.5m。参见教材P101。

第9题：单项选择题(单选)(本题:1分)水利工程施工现场照明使用的行灯电源电压最高为（）V。A.6

B.12

C.24

D.36 答疑：参考答疑：D【解析】本题考查的是施工照明。使用行灯电源应遵守下列规定：①电源电压不超过36V；②灯体与手柄连接坚固、绝缘良好并耐热耐潮湿；③灯头与灯体结合牢固，灯头无开关；④灯泡外部有金属保护网；⑤金属网、反光罩、悬吊挂钩固定在灯具的绝缘部位上。参见教材P104。

第10题：单项选择题(单选)(本题:1分)水利工程一般设计变更经审查确认后，应报（）核备。A.项目法人

B.监理单位 C.项目主管部门

D.原设计审批部门

答疑：参考答疑：C【解析】本题考查的是水利工程建设实施阶段的工作内容。一般设计变更文件由项目法人组织审查确认后实施，并报项目主管部门核备。参见教材P117。

第11题：单项选择题(单选)(本题:1分)根据《关于水利工程建设项目代建制管理的指导意见》（水建管〔2015〕91号），实施代建制的项目应在（）中提出实行代建制管理的方案。

A.项目建议书

B.可行性研究报告 C.初步设计报告

D.工程开工申请报告

答疑：参考答疑：B【解析】拟实施代建制的项目应在可行性研究报告中提出实行代建制管理的方案，经批复后在施工准备前选定代建单位。

第12题：单项选择题(单选)(本题:1分)根据《水利建设市场主体信用评价暂行办法》（中水协〔2009〕39号），水利建设市场主体信用等级中，A级表示信用（）。

A.好

B.一般

C.很好

D.较好

答疑：参考答疑：D【解析】本题考查的是施工投标条件。A级表示为信用较好。参见教材P156。

第13题：单项选择题(单选)(本题:1分)根据水利部2012年第57号公告颁布的《水利水电工程单元工程施工质量验收评定标准》，水利工程工序施工质量验收评定中，监理单位在收到施工单位申请后，应在（）小时内进行复核。A.1

B.2

C.3

D.4 答疑：参考答疑：D【解析】本题考查的是新标准中工序施工质量验收评定的主要要求。监理单位收到申请后，应在4小时内进行复核。参见教材P201。

第14题：单项选择题(单选)(本题:1分)根据《小型水电站建设工程验收规程》（SL168—2012），下列验收中，不属于小型水电站工程法人验收的是（）。

A.分部工程验收

B.分项工程验收 C.单位工程验收

D.合同工程完工验收

答疑：参考答疑：B【解析】本题考查的是小水电工程验收的总体要求。法人验收应包括分部工程验收、单位工程验收、合同工程完工验收及中间机组启动验收等。参见教材P260。

第15题：单项选择题(单选)(本题:1分)根据《水利工程建设项目施工监理规范》（SL288—2014），监理单位对混凝土质量进行跟踪检测时，其试样应不少于承包人检测数量的（）。

A.3%

B.5%

C.7%

D.10% 答疑：参考答疑：C【解析】本题考查的是施工实施阶段监理工作的内容检测的检测数量，混凝土试样不应少于承包人检测数量的7%。参见教材P277。

第16题：单项选择题(单选)(本题:1分)根据《中华人民共和国防治法》，河道工程在汛期安全运用的上限水位是（）。

A.汛限水位

B.设计水位

C.保证水位

D.警戒水位 答疑：参考答疑：C【解析】本题考查的是防汛抗洪的紧急措施。保证水位是指保证江河、湖泊在汛期安全运用的上限水位。参见教材P295。

第17题：单项选择题(单选)(本题:1分)根据《水电水利工程混凝土防渗墙施工规范》（DL/T5199—2004），防渗墙槽孔的清孔质量检查不包括（）。A.孔深、孔斜

B.孔内泥浆性能 C.孔底淤积厚度

D.接头孔刷洗质量

答疑：参考答疑：A【解析】本题考查的是《水电水利工程混凝土防渗墙施工规范》，清孔检查不包括孔深和孔斜。

第18题：单项选择题(单选)(本题:1分)根据《水工建筑物地下开挖工程施工技术规范》（DL/T5099—1999），竖井单向自下而上开挖，距贯通面（）m时，应自上而下贯通。

A.3

B.5

C.8

D.10 答疑：参考答疑：B【解析】本题考查的是《水工建筑物地下开挖工程施工技术规范》，竖井或斜井单向自下而上开挖，距贯通面5m时，应自上而下贯通。参见教材P306。

第19题：单项选择题(单选)(本题:1分)某单项合同额为1000万元的农村饮水工程，其注册建造师执业工程规模标准为（）型。A.大（2）

B.中

C.小（1）

D.小（2）答疑：参考答疑：B【解析】本题考查的是二级建造师（水利水电工程）注册执业管理规定及相关要求。农村饮用水工程投资额200-3000万元属于中型工程。参见教材P337。第20题：多项选择题(多选)(本题:2分)根据《水利水电工程等级划分及洪水标准》（SL252 —2000），确定临时水工建筑物级别的依据包括（）等。

A.气候环境

B.保护对象

C.失事后果

D.抗震烈度

E.使用年限

答疑：参考答疑：BCE【解析】本题考查的是水工建筑物等级划分。确定临时性水工建筑物级别的依据包括保护对象、失事后果、使用年限以及导流建筑物规模。参见教材P3。

第21题：多项选择题(多选)(本题:2分)水利工程施工中，钢绞线质量检验的主要指标包括（）。

A.含碳量

B.屈服强度

C.极限强度

D.伸长率

E.冷弯性能

答疑：参考答疑：【正确答案】CDE【答案解析】本题考查的是钢筋的主要力学性能。屈服强度、极限强度、伸长率和冷弯性能是物理屈服点钢筋进行质量检验的四项主要指标，对无物理屈服点的钢筋则只测后三项。参见教材P47.第22题：多项选择题(多选)(本题:2分)水利工程施工中，确定截流龙口宽度及其防护措施的主要依据有（）。

A.龙口流量

B.龙口抗冲流速

C.截流方法

D.龙口附近地形

E.截流延续时间

答疑：参考答疑：AB【解析】本题考查的是龙口宽度的确定。龙口宽度及其防护措施，可根据相应的流量及龙口的抗冲流速来确定。参见教材P61。

第23题：多项选择题(多选)(本题:2分)下列混凝土拌合方式中，属于二次投料的是（）。

A.预拌水泥砂浆法

B.预拌水泥净浆法

C.预拌水泥裹砂法

D.预拌水泥砂石法 E.预拌砂石法

答疑：参考答疑：AB【解析】本题考查的是混凝土拌合与运输。二次投料法可分为预拌水泥砂浆及预拌水泥净浆法。参见教材P85。

第24题：多项选择题(多选)(本题:2分)下列作业类别中，属于特殊高处作业的有（）。

A.雨天高处作业

B.夜间高处作业

C.雾霾高处作业

D.高原高处作业 E.抢救高处作业

答疑：参考答疑：ABE【解析】本题考查的是高处作业的标准。特殊高处作业又分为以下几个类别：强风高处作业、异温高处作业、雪天高处作业、雨天高处作业、夜间高处作业、带电高处作业、悬空高处作业、抢救高处作业。参见教材P105。

第25题：多项选择题(多选)(本题:2分)根据《水利工程建设程序管理暂行规定》（水建〔1998〕16号，水利工程项目可以进行施工准备的必要条件包括（）。

A.初步设计已经批准

B.项目法人已经建立 C.施工详图设计满足施工需要

D.建议资金已落实 E.有关土地使用权已经批准 答疑：参考答疑：ABE【解析】本题考查的是水利工程施工准备阶段的工作内容。水利工程项目必须满足如下条件，施工准备方可进行：初步设计已经批准；项目法人已经建立；项目已列入国家或地方水利建设投资计划，筹资方案已经确定；有关土地使用权已经批准。参见教材P114。

第26题：多项选择题(多选)(本题:2分)根据《防洪法》，防洪区是指洪水泛滥可能淹及的地区，分为（）。

A.泄洪区

B.洪泛区

C.蓄滞洪区

D.防洪保护区

E.行洪区

答疑：参考答疑：BCD【解析】本题考查的是河道湖泊上建设工程设施的防洪要求。防洪区是指洪水泛滥可能淹及的地区，分为洪泛区、蓄滞洪区和防洪保护区。参见教材P294。

第27题：多项选择题(多选)(本题:2分)根据《关于贯彻质量发展纲要、提升水利工程质量的实施意见》（水建管〔2012〕581号），水利工程建设质量方针包括（）。

A.坚持质量第一

B.坚持以人为本

C.坚持安全为先

D.坚持诚信守法 E.坚持夯实基础

答疑：参考答疑：BCDE【解析】本题考查的是水利工程质量发展纲要。水利工程建设质量方针是“五个坚持”，即“坚持以人为本、坚持安全为先、坚持诚信守法、坚持夯实基础、坚持创新驱动”。参见教材P185。

第28题：多项选择题(多选)(本题:2分)根据《关于加强小型病险水库除险加固项目验收管理的指导意见》（水建管〔2013〕178号），小型病险水库除险加固项目政府验收包括（）。

A.分部工程验收

B.单位工程验收

C.蓄水验收

D.合同工程完工验收 E.竣工验收

答疑：参考答疑：CE【解析】本题考查的是小型病险水库加固项目验收的要求。政府验收包括蓄水验收和竣工验收。参见教材P256。

第29题：多项选择题(多选)(本题:2分)下列验收管理文件中，属于水利水电工程注册建造师施工管理签章文件的有（）。A.验收申请报告

B.法人验收质量结论

C.施工管理工作报告

D.建设管理工作报告 E.代表施工单位参加工程验收人员名单确认表

答疑：参考答疑：ABCE【解析】本题考查的是水利水电工程注册建造师施工管理签章文件。验收管理文件包括：验收申请报告、法人验收质量结论、施工管理工作报告和代表施工单位参加工程验收人员名单确认表。参见教材P341。

第30题：案例分析题(案例)(本题:20分)背景资料

某中型水库验险加固工程主要工程内容包括：加固放水洞洞身，新建放水洞进口竖井、改建溢洪道出口翼墙，重建主坝上游砌石护坡。新建防浪墙和重建坝顶道路等工作，签约合同价为580万元，合同工期8个月，2011年12月1日开工，合同约定：

（1）为保证安全度汛，除新建防浪墙和重建坝顶道路外，其余工作应在2012年5月15日前完成；（2）工程预付款为签约合同价的10%，当工程进度款累积达到签约合同价的50%时，从超过部分的工程进度款中按40%扣回工程预付款，扣完为止，工程预付款按月支付，按工程进度款的5%扣留工程质量保证金。承包人依据合同制定并经监理单位批准的施工网络进度计划如图1（单位：天，每月接30天计）：

2011年12月1日工程如期开工，施工中发生如下事件：

事件一：因设计变更，导致“改建溢洪道出口翼墙”于2012年3月15日才开始，并因工程量增加，该工作持续时间将延长10天，项目部据此分析对安全度汛和工期的影响，重新编制了满足合同工期的施工进度计划。

事件二：承包人通知监理单位对防浪墙地基进行检查。监理人员按约定的时间内到达现场。承包人对防浪墙地基进行了覆盖。事后承包人按监理单位要求对防浪墙地基进行重新检查，承包人提出增加检查费用2万元的要求。

事件三：截至2012年5月底，承包人累计完成工程进度款为428万元，承包人提出了6月份工程进度款支付申请报告，经监理单位确认的工程款为88万元。【问题】

1.指出本工程施工网络进度计划的完工日期和“重建主坝上游砌石护坡”工作计划完成日期。2.根据事件一，分别分析设计变更对安全度汛目标和合同工期的影响。3.根据事件二，指出承包人做法的不妥之处，并说明原因。4.根据事件二，指出增加检查费用由谁承担，并说明原因。

5.根据事件三，计算6月份承包人实际获得的工程进度款。（保留一位上数）答疑：参考答疑：

1.【解析】施工网络进度计划的完工日期：2012年7月28日。“重建主坝上游砌石护坡”工作计划完成日期：2012年5月11日。

2.【解析】事件一造成改建溢洪道出口翼墙开工延误50天，工作延长10天，总共延误60天，该工作总时差为55天。

对安全度汛没有影响；致使合同工期延误5天。

3.【解析】私自覆盖做法错误，按有关规定，对于隐蔽性工作，承包人首先自检，自检合格后通知监理单位共同抽检，抽检合格后由监理单位下达下一道工序开工令。4.【解析】增加检查费用由承包人承担，因为承包人私自覆盖。

5.【解析】工程预付款为580×10% =58万元，当工程进度款累计达到290万元开始扣除，截止2012年5月底，扣回的工程预付款为：（428－290）×40%=55.2万元，因此6月份扣回的工程预付款为：58－55.2=2.8万元；6月份的工程质量保证金：88×5%=4.4万元；6月份实际支付：88－4.4－2.8=80.8万元。

第31题：案例分析题(案例)(本题:20分)背景资料

某新建排灌结令的泵站工程，共安装6台机组（5用1备），设计流量为36m/s，总装机功率2700kw，泵站采用射型进水流道，平直管出水流道，下部为块基型墩墙式结构，上部为排架式结构，某施工企业承担该项目施工，签约合同价为2900万元，施工过程中有如下事件：

事件1：为加强施工安全管理，项目部成立了安全领导小组，确定了施工安全管理目标和要求，部分内容如下：

（1）扬尘、嗓音、职业危害作业点合格率95%；（2）新员工上岗三级安全教育率98%；（3）特种作业人员持证上岗率100%；

3（4）配备3名专职安全生产管理员。

事件2：项目部编制了施工组织设计，其部分内容如下：（1）施工用电由系统电网接入，现场安装变压器1台；（2）泵室基坑深7.5m，坡比1：2土方采用明挖施工；

（3）泵室墩墙、电机层施工采用钢管脚手架支撑，中间设施工通道；（4）混凝土浇筑垂直运输采用塔式起重机。

事件3：项目监理部编制了监理规划，其中涉及本单位安全责任的部分内容如下：（1）严格按照国家的法律法规和技术标准进行工程监理（2）工程施工前认真履行有关文件的审查义务；

（3）施工过程中履行代表项目法人对安全生成情况进行监督检查的义务。问题：

1.根据《泵站设计规范》（GB50265—2010）指出本泵站工程等别、规模及主要建筑物级别。

2.事件1中，新员工上岗前的“三级安全教育”是指哪三级？指出施工安全管理目标和要求中的不妥之处，并改正。

3.指出事件2中可能发生生产安全事故的危险部位（或设备）？

4.事件3中，监理单位代表项目法人对安全生产情况进行监督检查的义务包括哪些方面？ 答疑：参考答疑：

1.【解析】泵站等级为Ⅲ级规模为中型；主要建筑物等级为3级。2.【解析】三级教育分别是“厂级教育”“车间级敦育”“班组级教育” 不妥之处（1）：扬尘、噪音、职业危害作业点合格率95%。正确：扬尘、噪音、职业危害作业点合格率100%。不妥之处（2）：新员工上岗的三级安全教育率98%。正确：新员工上岗的三级安全教育率100%。

3.【解析】可能发生生产安全事故的危险部位（或设备）：变压器，土方开挖、脚手架工程、塔式起重机。4.【解析】（1）审查施工单位安全生产许可证及施工单位项目经理、专职安全生产管理人员和特种作业人员的资格；

（2）审查施工单位现场安全生产规章制度的建立和实施情况；

（3）审查施工单位报审的专项施工方案，核查施工机械和设施的安全许可验收手续；（4）应巡视检查危险性较大的分部分项工程专项施工方案实施情况；

（5）发现工程存在安全事故隐患时，应签发监理通知单，要求施工单位整改；情况严重时，应签发工程暂停令，并应及时报告建设单位。

第32题：案例分析题(案例)(本题:20分)背景资料

某新建排涝泵站设计流量为（16m/s），共安装4台机组，单机配套功率400KW。泵站采用正向进水方式布置于红河堤后，区域涝水由泵站抽排后通过压力水箱和空堤涵洞排入红河，涵洞出口设防洪闸挡洪。红河流域汛期为每年的6一9月份，堤防级别为1级。本工程施工期为19个月，2011年11月一2013年5月。施工中发生如下事件：

事件1：第一个非汛期施工的主要工程内容有：①堤身土方开挖、回填，②泵室地处理，③泵室混凝土浇筑，④涵身地基处理，⑤涵身混凝土浇筑，⑥泵房上部施工，⑦防洪闸施工，⑧进水闸施工。事件2：穿堤涵洞第五节涵身施工过程中，止水片（带）施工工序质量验收评定如表4所示：

3事件3：2013年3月6日，该泵站建筑工程通过了合同工程完工验收。项目法人计划于2013年3月26日前完成与运行管理单位的工程移交手续。

事件4：档案验收前，施工单位负责编制竣工图。其中总平面布置图（图A），图面变更了45%：涵洞出口段挡土墙（图B）由原重力式变更为扶臂式；堤防混凝土预制块护坡（图C）碎石垫层厚度由设计的10cm变更为15cm。

事件5：2013年4月，泵站全部工程完成。2013年5月底，该工程歧工验收委员会对该泵站工程进行了竣工验收。问题：

1.从安全度讯角度考虑，指出事件1中第一个非讯期最重要的四项工程。

2.根据《水利水电工程单元工程施工质量验收评定标准——混凝土工程》（SL632一2012），指出表4中A、B、C、D、E所代表的名称或数据。

3.根据《水利水电工程验收规程》（SL223一2008），指出并改正事件3中项目法人的计划完成内容的不妥之处。

4.根据《水利水电建设项目档案管理规定》（水办〔2005〕480号），分别指出事件4中图A、图B、图C三种情况下的竣工图编制要求。

5.根据《水利水电工程验收规程》（SL223一2008），指出事件5中的不妥之处，并简要说明理由。答疑：参考答疑：

1.【解析】第一个汛期安全度汛考虑，主要考虑堤防的封闭性，所以非汛期必须完成：④涵身地基处理；⑤涵身混凝土浇筑；⑦防洪闸施工；①堤身土方开挖、回填。

2.【解析】A代表主控项目；B代表一般项目；C代表100%；D代表75%；E代表合格。3.【解析】2013年3月26日前完成与运行管理单位的工程移交手续不妥。投入使用验收后进行移交，在工程竣工验收鉴定书印发后60个工作日内必须完成。

4.【解析】图A及图B应重新绘制竣工图、单位、责任人监理单位应在图标上方加盖并签署“竣工图确认章”；图C在原施工图上修改，要求如下：在说明栏内注明变更依据，加盖并签署竣工图章。5.【解析】2013年5月底该工程竣工验收委员会对该泵站工程进行了竣工验收不妥；理由：竣工验收应在工程建设项目全部完成并满足一定运行条件后1年内进行，一定运行条件是指：泵站工程经过一个排水或抽水期。

第33题：案例分析题(案例)(本题:20分)背景资料：

某河道治理工程施工1标建设内容为新建一座涵洞，招标文件依据《水利水电工程标准施工招标文件》（2009年版）编制，工程量清单采用清单计价格式。招标文件规定: 1.除措施项目外，其他工程项目采用单价承包方式； 2.投标最高限价490万元，超过限价的投标报价为无效报价； 3.发包人不提供材料和施工设备，也不设定暂估价项目。

投标截止时间10天前，招标人未接到招标文件异议，在招标和合同管理过程中发生如下事件： 事件一：投标人A提交的投标报价函及附件正本1份，副本4份，函明投标总报价优惠5%，随同投标文件递交了投标保证金，投标保证金来源于工程所在省分公司资产。评标公示期结束后第二天，未中标的投标人A向该项目招标投标行政监督部门投诉，以投标最高限价违反法规为由，要求重新招标。

事件二：投标人B提交了已标价工程量清单（含已标价工程量清单计算附件），投标报价汇总如表3所示。

事件三：合同中关于砌体工程的计量和支付有如下约定：

1.砌体工稈按招标图纸所示尺寸计算的有效砌筑体以m为单位计量； 2.浆砌块石砂浆按有效砌筑体以m为单位计量；

3.砌体工程中的止水设施、排水管、垫层及预埋件等费用，包含在砌体项目有效工程量单价中，不另行支付；

4.承包人按合同要求完成砌体建筑物的基础清理和施工排水等工作所需的费用，包含在措施项目费用中，不另行支付。问题：

1.依据背景资料，根据《中华人民共和国招标投标法实施条例》、《水利水电工程标准施工招标文件》（2009年版）的相关规定，指出事件1中招标人A投标行为的不妥之处，并说明正确的做法。

332.指出“投标报价汇总表”中的C和D所代表的工程项目或费用名称。3.事件二中，已标价工程量清单计算附件包含的内容有哪些? 4.指出并改正事件三合同约定中的不妥之处。答疑：参考答疑：

1.【解析】不妥之处（1）：函明投标总报价优惠5%。正确做法：最终报价应是优惠后的价格，优惠后的总价应该直接由单价反映出来（即单价优惠从而降低总价）而不是直接从总价下浮多少。

不妥之处（2）：投标保证金来源于工程所在省分公司资产。正确做法：投标保证金必须从公司基本帐户汇出

不妥之处（3）：评标公示期结束后第二天。正确做法：应该在评标公示期间提出。2.【解析】C钢筋制作安装，D临时工程费。

3.【解析】包含内容：分类分项工程量清单计价表、措施项目清单计价表、其他项目清单计价表、零星工作项目清单计价表、工程单价汇总和计算表、工程单价费（税）率汇总表等。

4.【解析】不妥之处（1）：砌体工程按招标图纸所示尺寸计算有效砌筑体。正确做法：砌体工程应该按照施工图纸计算的有效砌体体积。

不妥之处（2）：浆砌块石砂浆按有效砌筑体以m3为单位计量。正确做法：浆砌块石砂浆包含在砌体工程有效工程量的每立方米工程单价中，不另行支付。

不妥之处（3）：承包人按合同要求完成砌体建筑物的基础清理和施工排水等工作所需的费用包含在措施项目费用中。正确做法：承包人按合同要求完成砌体建筑物的基础清理和施工排水等工作所需的费用，包含在砌体工程有效工程量的每立方米工程的单价中，不另行支付。