三孔的英文导游词（共5则）

第一篇：三孔的英文导游词

山东济宁曲阜的孔府、孔庙、孔林，统称“三孔”，是中国历代纪念孔子，推崇儒学的表征，以丰厚的文化积淀、悠久历史、宏大规模、丰富文物珍藏。下面是小编为大家整理的三孔英语导游词，欢迎参考!

三孔英语导游词一

Ladies and gentlemen: qufu is our country ancient times a great thinker, politician and educator Confucius's hometown, one of the first batch of 24 historical and cultural cities published.Confucius had a famous saying: “there is companion come from afar, joy.” Today, I had the privilege to you as a tour guide, very happy.I will do my best to provide satisfactory service for you, the deficiency, please correct me criticism.Qufu overview before a visit to the “three holes”, please allow me to introduce qufu overview:

Qufu is situated at in and plain of shandong province at the junction, north depends on mount tai, south Yi mountain, the east river bank Mongolia mountains, west plains of over thousand domain.Terrain east west high low, domestic SiHe, YiHe river flows from east to west, from ancient times there is “the saint door back water”.Products rich, pleasant scenery.Great poet qufu Li Baiceng describes: “smile boast a friend refers to despair, the graceful green such as LAN”.Qufu has a long history, as early as fifty-six thousand years ago, our ancestors would thrive here, created the early human civilization.Many ancient books, and the yan emperor, wu migration are less in qufu, the yellow emperor was born in longevity hill(qufu east eight miles), shun in life for what sorts of records.Visible, China ancient times the most influential in the existence of four people left traces in qufu.Although this is a legend, but also is not groundless.From more than 20 section of the preserved in dawenkou culture and longshan culture sites still remains visible to our ancestors conquering nature.“One of the earliest qufu” in rites > >.The eastern han dynasty YingShao explained: “east lu mound, winding in the seven or eight long, therefore qufu.” The early stage of the shang dynasty, qufu I, is one of the important vassal shang dynasty.“Duke of sealing in qufu” since the zhou dynasty for over 800 years, qufu for lu capital, and was an important political, economic and cultural center.The wind of spring and autumn period, Confucius pioneering private teaching, “three thousand disciples, the sage three thousand two” throughout all over the country, and became the center of education.Lu is a golden period in the history of qufu, well known for its “formal state”, so is still in use in shandong province “lu” as referred to.In 249 BC, chu lu, lu county, qin dynasty Xue Jun, the western han dynasty to lu, when the wei jin southern and northern dynasties to crewe.Sui emperor sixteen years(596), the first pronounce qufu county name.Song called fairy source county, jin recover qufu county name today.1986 withdraw XianZhi, called qufu.Now covers an area of 890 square kilometers and a population of more than 60.Long history, splendid culture, left a large number of cultural relics to qufu, mainly there are more than 110, the Confucius temple, Confucius, konglin was suggested and lu cultural site is listed as one of the first key cultural relics protection units by the national, 11 listed as the provincial key cultural relics protection units.“Three holes” in 1994 by the United Nations as a world cultural heritage.After the founding of new China, especially since the third plenary session of the eleventh party and state leaders of great concern, qufu monuments in countries has budgeted more than 3000 3000 yuan on the “three holes” chopped comprehensive repair.In recent years, in order to develop the tourism, qufu company development and construction of the memorial garden city of six arts, analects of Confucius, a batch of new tourist attractions such as lu shengshi huaxia culture city, the formation of humanities and natural landscape, the old and new scenic spots one integrated mass, synergies of new pattern of tourism resources, become the culture of Chinese and foreign tourists yearning resort.三孔英语导游词二

Ladies and gentlemen:

Now we are going to visit the ancient art museum, dai temple.Dai temple, used to be called “east”, also called tai temple, the main realms of the spirit of “mount tai”, also is the ancient emperors to taishan I tell the living and held a grand ceremony.Dai temple created a long history, the western han dynasty historical beginning of “namely domain, qin han palace” up.Tang opened far thirteen years(AD 725), amended Song Xiangfu two years(AD 1009)and on a large scale expansion, after the jin, yuan, Ming and qing dynasties billiton, gradually formed a large-scale buildings.Dai temple in downtown Tai’an City north, just old Thai city in the south gate, north DaiDing the worse on the central axis.North and south 405.7 meters long, 236.7 meters wide, was rectangular, covers an area of 96000 square meters.Dai temple architecture, in the form of the vertical and horizontal sides extension in ancient China, the overall layout to the north and the longitudinal axis, divided into the east, three axis of Chinese and western.East before and after the axis opzoon courtyard, east the throne, garden;Before and after the west axis have Tang Huai courtyard, ring wing pavilion court, made yuhua district monastery where;Axial qianmen, tianmen, ringha door, day after Kuang temple, living quarters, thick door.Subject construction of song day Kuang temple is located in the latter half of the dai temple in the crests stylobate, other building is located in the center courtyard outside, independent of each other, have immanent connection again.The building layout is according to the needs of religious and miyagi pattern design, formation of partition and bright, primary and secondary order, the unique style of of primitive simplicity, and through the changes of architectural space, in a solemn, solemn and deep, the mutual infiltration of park set each other off becomes an interest, in full.Temple towering temple and high into the clouds in the worse, give a person with beautiful feeling of mount tai.Dai temple city high castle built, Zhou Changsan li, three zhangs, around eight door, to the nankai five, for qianmen, left for the east yi door, then left, Yang halls;For west yi door, right and then right name;see the door Qingyang door in the name of the east, also called DongHuaMen;In the name of the element view door to the west, also called xihua gate;North lu pursuit in the name of the door, also called thick door.Each gate tower, dai temple in the four corner respectively with xun, gen, dried, publication turrets, the whole building magnificent, majestic, like a seat in the imperial palace of the emperor.Is dai temple, mount tai to the largest concentration of cultural relics.Here preserved the imperial sacrifices to full of beautiful things in the history of the phenomena of the god of mount tai, gifts, handicrafts, also has a flashing huaxia civilization guanghua taishan unearthed relics and the revolutionary historical relics, and save a lot of taishan classics and Taoism.More precious and 184 pieces of ancient steles and 48 pieces of han stone, become our country the third after xi 'an, qufu the forest of steles.Dai temple, it is a feast for the eyes of classical gardens.A kind of dragon PAM spin cooper, cover the ginkgo, exquisite exquisite bonsai, bright flowers, and for the booth of of primitive simplicity and elegant, table, floor, ge added ten thousand kinds of amorous feelings of coquetry.Dai temple, the picturesque scenery, attracts many Chinese and foreign tourists.Solemn and majestic dai temple, temple, cultural relic.Here every building embodies the Chinese ancient architectural art style, each piece reflects the civilization development of mount tai.Stroll in the art world, lifting eyes, raised his hand and touched the are national treasures, make the viewer power capacity, makes visitors sigh with emotion.Wei dai temple, is a fusion architecture, landscape, sculpture, painting and traditional Chinese ancient art museum.Now, we went to the place called “remote pavilion” refs.It is located in the middle of Tai’an City area, north song tong Yin, is located in the dai temple outside the qianmen, vestibular is dai temple, to enter the rudiments of dai temple.Whenever the ancient emperors held to taishan fiesta, visits by simple ceremony here first, for taishan the piety of god.Therefore, in ancient times is also called “grass and pavilion”.Ming jiajing thirteen years(AD 1534), shandong lu via become deputy political suggestion, before he left to “remote pavilion”, have been extended ever since.Remote and TingMen outside the remote and fang is qianlong 35 years(AD 1770)to create, so far intact.Otherwise the pole high vertical, about iron lion crouching columns.Fang south “double order”, the qing guangxu six years(AD 1880)to start building, square assembled, the queen mother pool of water, surrounded by dai temple into the pool.Because of pool in the northwest, southeast corner have a stone in and out of the water tap the name.Fanaw is tong Yin, make the person one gate into Thai south of the city is surrounded by mystery, “heaven” solemn atmosphere.Pool of the north China plate inscribed with “lue tianchi” four words.In 1992, in the pool with white marble columns, carve patterns or designs on woodwork perimeter of 63 meters, in order to protect the cultural relics.Has qing dynasty stone columns in the east and two-way, has “jinan May 30th massacre memorial” on the north and northwest edge with ancient one, legend of the tang dynasty rooted, up to now, branches and leaves bushiness is green and luxuriant..Around double the order for a small square, surrounded by ancient buildings, form a beautiful picture.Remote pavilion for pavilion type compound, 52 meters wide from east to west, north and south 66.2 meters long, with a total area of 3442.4 square meters.Main hall 5, built in the center of the courtyard rectangle above the stylobate, 10.8 meters wide, 7.75 meters deep, Lao 7.9 meters, five to four column beam, nine ridge eaves jehiel mountain type, Huang Wa coping.In the qing dynasty Ceng Sibi xia yuan jun.On both sides of things peidian peidian all intermediate.Remote pavilion is a set of independent buildings, but with the dai temple on the connotation and unified, because of its existence, the dai temple solemn and mysterious atmosphere foil more strong.This is both independent and unified style, not only in the mountains, is rare in existing ancient buildings in China.Remote and pavilion in the tang dynasty once called “remote”, folk have “to visit mount tai, god worship first remote door ginseng”.When you visit the dai temple, also should first start from remote and kiosks.Through the remote pavilion, the “dai fang” of the head is eleven years(AD 1672), shandong province, the qing emperor kangxi originally create day origin.Fang 12 meters high, 9.8 meters wide, 3 meters deep, and three to four column type.Three lane, heavy beam four-column brick reliefs.Circulation before and after the four pillars have eight stone lions on pier, different posture;Heavy beam four pillars engraved with “red phoenix in morning chaoyang”, “praised”, “group of cranes make lotus”, “imagination” and so on more than 20 group of auspicious image lifelike birds benevolent and all kinds of flower pattern.The entire Shi Fang chic modelling, KeLou through fine, as in the qing dynasty stone carving art treasures.South lane column with couplets on the both sides of north and south of shi day by “big pole in the day, great body KangSheng everything;the emperor to shock, HeSheng zhuo ling town east”.North of qing dynasty in shandong to the governor, the ministry of war assistant minister Zhao Xiangxing problem “for the system of yue, the nations in the pursuit of wei DE He Keshang;mixed group of spirit of regent, kyushu on roaming on work which is in Beijing?”.Two deputy couplet gripping, synthetic-aperture, puts Tarzan's lofty status and prominent map made high-level overview of god in mount taishan, make a person not into dai and admiration of love.The dai temple, see toward the tall broad “qianmen”, is the main entrance into the dai temple, two big red door, is a symbol of the dignity of the dai temple, ancient times can only from the door into the emperor.The years Cuo tuo, to the eve of liberation, qianmen cracks have is full of stains or spots, the door at the top of the tower is also in the rain or blown away by the history.Now the qianmen is 1985 built according to the song dynasty architectural style.Door 8.6 meters high, the tower above 11 meters high, a total of five and nine single eaves jehiel mountain ridge, 24 MingZhu root, and it's all round Mosaic Ling isolation, overlying yellow glazed tile, eaves stone out of the four three, black ink dot gold coloured drawing or pattern, the forehead Fang Jinlong flying, from a distance become warped eaves wing, pian-pian wants to fly.Into the purpose of qianmen quickly into the “heaven”, is take the Confucius “DE match heaven and earth” and famous, for dai temple next door, door with built in the emperor song zhenzong and few over two years(AD 1009), the width 5, depth between the three, single eaves jehiel mountain style buildings, inside the original si green dragon, white tiger, rosefinch, xuanwu four stars.On both sides of the original peidian peidian, east as the “three ling hou temple”, enshrined in the zhou dynasty about the official Tang Chen, GeYong, tempo, three people.When the emperor song zhenzong dong feng, see three in the worse the man of god, seal for the “three ling hou”, then built the temple worship.West as “qiu temple” is enshrined in the tang dynasty “access group, and to serve voluntarily thick raise” the points in Du Zong frenzy.Linked to match went north and south “ringha door” is take “the world belongs to the benevolence” Confucius language meaning and, for the third door, dai yuan dynasty to yuan four years(AD 1338)to create.Building structure and tianmen is similar, inside the 2nd day of the deaf and dumb god, both sides have something goalkeeper.With doors on the west side of the stone tablet 20, one of the most famous is the < broadcasting < information tablet > > and < < few tablet > >, double monuments, majestic tall, confrontation, turtle fell therefore, stately, dai temple existing two big stone tablet.Tianmen “Tang Huai courtyard” in the southwest, the original “big countable embrace, the shadow of branches mu xu” Tang Huai, years of the republic of China, fighting BingXian, ancient much, gradually die.In 1952, dai temple host ShangShiLian again small tree in the withered tree stem a strain, and named “Tang Huai brussel.This new tree has become a tree, pond castles peeped, and become a big g dai temple.Tang Huai east of the old delay jubilee temple temple, the scriptures, ring wing pavilion, made yuhua district monastery where, is destroyed by years of the republic of China.In 1984, a new archaize on Tibetan oratory site storage, between 48 in mount taishan in 4000 pieces of precious relics, ancient books of more than 3000 copies.North ringha through my door is covered days of pines seem to the north, I saw a colorful, resplendent and magnificent basilica stands on the big balcony, this is the main architecture of the dai temple, song day Kuang temple.Day Kuang temple, also called China sun temple, founded in north emperor song zhenzong dazhong few over two years(AD 1009).In A.D.1008, song, liao in alliance(now in henan puyang), emperor song zhenzong though victory over liao army, but no mood to fight again, but signed a humiliating treaty, known as ”the union of alliance“ in history.Emperor song zhenzong in one's hand in order to pacify the resentment, to consolidate its ruling position, he adopted the deputy prime minister qin-ruo wang engineer zhao book ”heaven“ scam, leading officials, in the same year October car ”gobbledygook“ came to mount tai, held a grand thank grace to the gift, and is due to people for day Kuang festival every year in June.Dai li, zhao expansion under the dai temple, and on the basis of the original mount tai temple, built the day Kuang temple.Day Kuang house 43.67 meters long, north and south 17.18 meters wide, 22.3 meters high, the width of nine, four deep, double-hipped roof anise, stone fly up, overlying yellow glazed tile, eaves hung between Kuang temple ”song day“ JuBian, eight root red MingZhu eaves, with Pope fang and stone, and outside groove have become warped weight the three arch, groove inside the temple roof for four after bucket sunk panel, yu is square flat is the ceiling.The entire hall Luan Lu diego shrugged, diao Liang Caidong, gold paint walls, Dan wall, completed a majestic, although after several dynasty, ancient and remain, with Beijing's Forbidden City hall of supreme harmony, qufu Confucius dacheng hall and three big palatial architecture in ancient China.Into the hall, positive tall statue of ”god of mount tai“ color is reshaping in 1984, cave is 4.4 meters tall, twelve Liu head crown, wearing dagon's robe, handheld, the board, solemn dignified, vivid, may have a sense of ”lifelike, be vividly portrayed.“Taishan” god is a Taoist believe in “god” of a ghost, can dominate the life and death.Was dubbed “day king” in the tang dynasty, song dynasty seal for JiRenSheng Ann “day”, when the yuan dynasty and dubbed “dongyue days of qi ShengRen emperor”, Ming emperor after he began to reign, and he thinks to taishan seal number is god “to blaspheme the ritual without”, therefore, get rid of all titles, renamed “the god of mount tai.Since then, the status of the dai temple is not I, enjoy ”dongyue many“ reputation.Statue on both sides of the couplets for precise Wu Yun book, ”the emperor to the earthquake, life in Yin“.Banners is the qing emperor kangxi emperor in 23 years(in 1684 AD in taishan when the topic ”town“ match day JuBian.Inside the palace with part of the phenomena of Ming and qing era.Inside the northeast west three the < < taishan revelation Bi back process diagram > > for the song dynasty painted.Murals total length of 62 meters, 3.3 meters high, picture by picture god in the mighty mount tai grand scene, when the emperor song zhenzong letter east taishan majesty and imposing manner, the whole mural by a hall door, east is ”rev Bi figure“, depicting the taishan god excursions;west as the ”back to the process diagram“, depicting the taishan god returned.The whole picture of 697 characters, its appearance and manners are all the same, be auspicious beast mounts, pavilions, mountains and rivers, trees and flowers, etc., of a great, the grand spectacle.Picture a saturated flourish is fluent, structure is rigorous, the layout symmetry nature, character looks vivid and lively, clothing line is clear, lifelike and vivid facial expressions, plus the colour and lustre beautiful coordination, give a person with high aesthetic enjoyment.Temple in ancient times, has been damaged by fire and earthquake, murals have also been affected, as you can see from the mural art processing, mural is redrawn later part of the picture, but the whole picture is basically kept the original face of the song dynasty, it is still in the history of Chinese mural painting, Taoism a picture of a rare art treasures.Days before Kuang temple wide large terrace consists of two layers, railing, standing on the big balcony, is suddenly enlightened.There is a royal pavilion, terrace on each side of emperor qianlong visited dai temple in ShiBei.Ming wanli is among big censer casting.Cooper under the terrace of the clip in the south, is a small square columns at the end of the pool, commonly known as the ”pavilion old pool“.The emperor held a ceremony to visit mount tai, god princes is welcome here.Pool and around 9 stance is strange taihu Jin Daan first year(AD 1209)with her mother which is offered by the wang, taian county magistrate wu bit.Each stone features, carefully watch the intriguing, a exquisite stone tunnel middle outstanding, called ”hula stone“.Fuso north stone has an independent order under cooper, called ”solitary loyal cypress“, tang dynasty female emperor wu zetian doubt its folklore also with secretary Shi Zhong rebellion, then its killed, Shi Zhong ghosts do not come loose, came to dongyue before the emperor wu zetian out of shape, thereby lone cypress.Stones covered her eyes, it is said that the visitors around the hula around the turn three times, then go to touch the other side of the solitary loyal cypress, all to be able to help, is a lot of people.The legend of these rich romance is not credible, but shows the taishan's long history and rich culture, those who write the legend of folk wit, the good and evil of human skillfully in the image of cypress trees, leaves later generations lots of regrets.Day Kuang lay behind the surface is after three palace, in the bedroom, width 5, on both sides for the bedroom, among the three, the emperor song zhenzong and few over five years(AD 1012)to seal a letter to the taishan god ”day JiRen ShengDi“, after considering the need a queen, to facilitate the same seal a ”shu next year“, and ”her“ built the temple, from ”concubines“, live with living quarters.The feudal rulers in order to achieve the goal of ”borrow god daughter“, ”well-meaning, holding the“ true.Days of steles Kuang temple on both sides of things, all kinds of stone tablet full of beautiful things in eyes of han stone, taishan ancient steles boutique mostly concentrated in here.These inscriptions almost collection of Chinese calligraphy, after jin dynasty ”two Kings“, the song dynasty ”four everybody“, grass nationalities of, style available;YanLiu zhao, style each different, there are seven big fellow tablet < < HengFang tablet > >, < < zhang moved stone > >;Jin dynasty, one of the three major milestone < < lady tablet > >;Plastic is novel, calligraphy dissimilar < < double-beam tablet > >;Mount tai buddhist chronicle of tablet < < datang JiZhou ShenBao temple monuments, > >, etc.A total of 19 pieces, all has the very high historical value of cultural relics and calligraphy art value.Display of 48 pieces of han stone in the west gallery is since 1960, several cleaning dawenkou and old county east han tomb stone set.The han stone, rich in content, range, some reflect the horses and chariots, travel, dancing to acrobatics and other social life;Some describe fairy tales;Also has the reflection of historical figures, neat picture design, modelling is vivid, on the carving techniques, the traditional Chinese painting line with engraved, embossed with an organic whole, manifests the like forthright grandeur of the plain, characteristic, is the study of ancient Chinese culture important materials for art and social life of the eastern han dynasty.Out of the attic, door knob spirit is ”opzoon“.In the original ”bean ling temple“, was destroyed by years of the republic of China.In the courtyard, branches, five tall cooper if a kind of dragon PAM, legend has it for the first year of emperor in yuan seal(110 BC), when I mount tai has more than two thousand years ago, ”opzoon“ hence the name.Yuan's north ”han pavilion“ is 1959 in the house built on the oberoi, bean spirit pavilion built on three layers tall stone stylobate, very spectacular.Stylobate wall Mosaic qianlong fifty-nine years(AD 1749 years)who taian magistrate of a county scale book by du fu's < < look? Gt;> and < < qiu xing > > celebrities such as carved poems.The pavilion looked around his eyes and skylight brought low, rich of otimista chest, dai temple view, panoramic view of whole city.Opzoon nosocomial stone tablet line, approximates to 90 pieces.There are descendants of the official script of han dynasty < < four sorrow poetry > >,'s < < fly friends article > >, have the posterity the seal character of luji's < < tai shan Yin > >, xie lingyun's < < tai shan Yin > > and the song dynasty calligrapher MiFei < < first mountain > >, Ming chongzhen years Chen Changyan, ZuoPeiXuan topic of < < opzoon figure great > >, the qianlong emperor drive < < opzoon figure > > and contemporary ink of celebrities.Place oneself in the forest of steles is like reading a history of China, the benefit of the influence of the nation, will leave every serious watching endless thinking.By opzoon courtyard to the north, through the quiet little garden into the courtyard of a small and exquisite.This is the place where the ancient imperial sacrifices mount tai when living, because is located within the DongHuaMen, therefore calls ”east the throne“.Its building for yuan to is seven years(AD 1347), Ming said welcome don, qianlong 35 years(1770 years)renamed in the pavilion.East the throne by the Great Wall flower door, door, door, main hall, and wing, hospital construction, green, quiet quiet and tastefully laid out, give a person the sense with super world white.Five main hall high above the stylobate, inside the set for recovery, qing qianlong emperor la people like, pier dragon, dragon, clothes closet, red sandalwood furniture such as a square table and all kinds of marble grain and golden rust ancient ceramic wall hanging and four treasures of the study.The famous ”cold jade flower, the“, ”aloes lion“ and ”yellow orchid porcelain bottle gourd“ twenty-seventh year is qianlong, 36 years worship offerings when tai shan, said Tarzan ”sanbao town mountain“.Doors and temple, dressed in ancient costume in the qing dynasty's ”guardian“, ”palace“ to the qing court etiquette to greet visitors, make visitors like back to ancient times, to extrapolate.Palace stylobate under a stone, with a glass cover, this is the famous Chinese and foreign famous ”the father of sharpening“ qin sharpening.< < tai shan qin burring > > engraved letters merit qin Ming and qin ii, write to prime minister lisi.His seal script with economical fair instead of minor stroke numerous fat at the time, the handwriting stiffness tall and straight, swept away many fat stay qi, inscriptions, a total of 222 words, gradually disappear, after the Ming jiajing years still remaining 29 words, the original made in DaiDing herself beside the pool, after vicissitudes sink, a few times again, today only 10 residue left word, complete is seven.Is a rare treasure, is listed as a national level cultural relics.Out of the bedroom, north of dai last into the yard.Something inside two garden all sorts of miniascape of various, within sight of the art to reproduce the taishan one content, fragrant flowers.On the southwest of west tower cast established twelve years(AD 1533), a former level 13, now the only remaining level 3, plain modelling, still do not break the elegant demeanour, and to the southeast of tower confrontation stylobate copper pavilion, also called ”jin que“, for the whole copper casting, imitation wood, 4.4 meters high, 3.4, Ming wanli 43 years(AD 1615)casting in DaiDing azure clouds temple, built to consecrate jade xia yuan jun.Move to the mountain spirit should be between Ming dynasty and early qing palace, in dai temple in 1972, is the present domestic only one of the three largest copper pavilion.”Thick door“ was the last of the dai temple gate, was rebuilt in 1984.On the door has ”looked YueGe“ three rooms, Huang Wa Ming gallery, andalusite partition board, Joan pavilion is like air.Standing on the court looked to adai yue high precision, castle peak around the white clouds, green trees and the light smoke, tianmen ladder like flying floating hang them knowing you can't have them.The thick red doors north behavior way, near the temple street is the starting point of the mountaineering, the gate of mount tai, climbing mt.tai.taibin starting from this, of a politician will see the best scenery in mount taishan, until the ”day“.三孔英语导游词三

Respect fellow guests:

Hello!I travel, the reception department's request, visits the tour to presence famous city Qufu fellow welcome guests to express warmly welcome.I fortunately accompany the visit for everybody tourguide, is extremely happy, this is we enjoys the study together the good opportunity.After looked please leave behind the valued suggestion.First, briefly introduces Qufu to everybody the history, the cultural relic survey.Historical city Qufu was our country ancient times the great thinker, the educationalist, the statesman, the literature entire manages family affairs, sage of Kong Zi's the world hometown, Mencius's native place, Chinese nation's first ancestor shaft Yellow Emperor's birth place, the capital, discussed the Yin native country, the Lu country capital.Three emperors five emperors have four to live the practical training in here, some more than 5,000 years history.Underground has the rich buried treasure, on has the multitudinous cultural relic.Existing cultural relic 112, including the United Nations to protect the unit, world culture inheritance 3, national protection 4, provincial level 12, other for place city level protection.Heavy center seriously has ”a three two temples mausoleum“, ”a three mountains two forests temple“.The Confucian temple, Confucian Residence, Konglin, the popular name ”three“, have the sacrificial offering China Yuan saint Duke of Zhou's temple, has sacrificial offering Kong Zi first big disciple duplicate saint Yan Hui the temple, the popular name ”two temples“;”A mausoleum“ is Yellow Emperor is born-nine(call nine mountains).Two forests are: The world educates the child best mother forest, the Kong Zi parents buries Liang Gonglin;”A temple“ is Li Bai, Du Fu writes poetry, responds, bidding good-bye place, famous writer hole still no matter what national botanical garden ”Shimen temple“.We now look at the Confucian temple.Confucian temple, also called to the Confucian temple, is sacrificial offering Kong Zi and its Madame Qi Guanshi and 72 talented people's place.The Confucian temple with Beijing's Imperial Palace, the Hebei Chende city summer vacation mountain village and calls Chinese three big ancient architectural complexes.The expert delivered four speeches to the Confucian temple: The construction time most remote, greatest, the preservation most complete, the Eastern construction characteristic is most prominent.Is worthy of looking at two questions from the Confucian temple: One is Kong Zi to Chinese and even the Eastern culture tremendous contribution;Two is China has the skilled craftsman in the history.The Confucian temple beginning constructs in 478 B.C., the second year which Kong Zi died constructs the temple.Constructs temple three in the Kong Zi former dwelling, exhibits Kong Zi's clothes, the vehicle, the book and so on, ”when year old offers sacrifices“.All previous dynasties emperor all has the extension to the Confucian temple, counts overhaul 15, center repairs 31 times, the minor repair several hundred time achieves present the scale.The Confucian temple imitates system of the imperial palace construction, divides three groups layouts, nine courtyards, have altogether had house 466, gate pavilion 54, the thing relatively pass through in an axle wire, has nearly thousand, 327.5 Chinese acres, long amounts to two Chinese miles 150 meters.Now saw the Confucian temple is the bright Hongzhi year scale.After the liberation the country allocates funds to service the protection many times.Our country first batch announcement nation key cultural relic preservation organ, in December, 1994 included the world culture inheritance, becomes cultural relic unit which the United Nations protected, Confucian temple construction time remote, scale great, integrity of the preserved really was the world to be rare.Shinto.”Wan Rengong wall“ front copal vigorous this Duan Luwei ”Shinto“.In front of the important temple all has the respect quick road which specially opens, is called ”Shinto“.Wan Rengong wall.This gate is Qufu Ming Chengzheng the Nanmen, also is the Confucian temple together gate, on hangs ”Wan Rengong the wall“ four large brush-written Chinese characters, is the clear Emperor Qian Long's imperial brush.It originates from the Kong Zi self-satisfied disciple child tribute.When Lu country congress feudal lord, some people proposed child tribute knowledge broad and profound, may place on a par with Kong Zi, the sub-tribute in the field, stands up immediately said, I may not dare with my Mr./Mrs.Kong Zi compared to, human's knowledge is just like a wall, my this wall only has one high, my teacher's wall has the number to be many.Meant that, my knowledge was equal to a shoulder chief is high, clear not any abstruse;Kong Zi's knowledge has my several fold to be many, passes through the detailed research, the comprehensive discussion, can understand he complete after, crossed the threshold, can see America of the ancestor temple, outside the gate you is blind.The posterity in order to describe Kong Zi's knowledge profound, wall of number from the master , ”hundred “, ”thousand “ seals Kong Zi to the Ming Dynasty emperor is ”the world civil official host, all previous dynasties king teacher“, seals the Kong Zi knowledge to have ”ten thousand “, extols the Kong Zi knowledge to have 10,000 eight feet, upward looked, blind goes against, also said this wall deep wall high rampart is extremely firm.These four characters originally write for the bright imperial envoy, Qian Long for expressed he Kong Zi the value, kissed the book ”Wan Rengong the wall“ to exchange his imperial brush.Jin Shengyu inspires the work place.This work place constructs at the Ming Dynasty, is expresses the Kong Zi knowledge exquisite and perfect, is similar to entire process which plays music, the integrity is from beginning to end complete.The ancient music is by strikes a gong the start, the clock gets up ”beginning orderliness also“, is strikes Qing to come to an end, ”the jade inspires“ the sound which falls for Qing, was called ”end orderliness also“, praises Kong Zi's knowledge is the collection first accomplishing of the virtuous sages, therefore called ”Jin Shenger the jade inspires also“, ”the golden sound“ the clock sound, the beginning, ”the jade inspires“ Qing's sound, the end.This also is the management wants ”to finish what one starts“ the idiom origin.”Jin Shengyu inspires“ is the Ming Dynasty storytelling legalist school Hu Zuanzong the topic decides.”Two cypress take on“.Crosses the jade to inspire work place this stone arch bridge, the thing respectively has a copal, therefore the person ”two cypress take on“.This bridge said that, ”泮 the water bridge“ the basin water is interlinked with the temporary palace nearby, because the historical novel is ”hopes the water“.In the past read book of the Confucius and Mencius, tested the institute of higher education to call ”to enter hopes“, served as an official hopes rises high, made business to hope gets rich, crossed the day to hope prosperously.Discontinues the tablet.Outside the temple wall the thing respectively sets up a stele, in 1191 specially vertical discontinued the tablet, got down the tablet.The west tablet early destroys, east side on this tablet writes ”the official person to discontinue and so on to this“.Under in the past the civil and military officials, the common people common people henceforth passed by discontinue on foot but the line, shows to Kong Zi, the Confucian temple respect.Lattice star gate.The Ming Dynasty constructs, in 1754 repaired, by wooden changed the iron stone.”The lattice star gate“ is the Qian Long imperial brush.Hands down the space galaxy ”to have the twenty-eight lunar mansions“, among, has to govern cultural the star to be called ”the lattice star“, the other name ”Star “, ”the day inspires the star“, contacts with Kong Zi and the space tube culture star, Shuowen melts the aspect he is highest, if the past offered sacrifice to heaven, needed first to offer a sacrifice to ”Star “, had reveres Kong Ruzun the day the view.Too with vitality work place.This work place was the Ming Dynasty in 1544 constructs, extremely approved Kong Zi's thought, advocated was similar to ”the outer space universe to be able to nurture the myriad things.Gathering of the world, gathering of the four directions, gathering of the masculine and feminine elements “, the name” too and “the gas is the most basic thing, the universe too and, vitality of the world.”Too with the vitality“ was the Shandong governor once the mill handwritten letter.To Confucian temple work place.The Ming Dynasty constructs ”to the Confucian temple work place“, is the white marble, on plays the part of the flame no.3 gunpowder tea.German world, Daoist monk's cap ancient and modern.This Daoist temple thing respectively constructs a very unusual memorial arch to the lining, the wooden angle surrounds, thousand first ten thousand continues, gets down has eight , is called ”day Long Shenshi“, hands down its dignified inspiration, may drive out evilly, is just.East side the memorial arch submits a written statement: ”The German world“, said Kong Zi's thought advocated is similar to profoundly for humanity's advantage, the merit can compare with the world.The west memorial arch submits a written statement ”the Daoist monk's cap ancient and modern“, approves the Kong Zi thought, the means ancient and modern all is the unparalleled crown.When saint gate.Three compound, four circuit intendant all same, central.This naming originates from Mencius, to the ancient times four sages , under Iraqi Yin, the willow tree favored, Kong Zi, Mencius four sages' saint mark inductions is four speeches: clear saint also, Iraqi Yin saint no matter what also, under the willow tree favors sum of the saint also, when Kong Zi saint.”When saint“ extremely approves the Kong Zi thought to advocate prolonged does not fade, is sage which suits the time.Emperor comes Qufu ”to kowtow the big ritual“ towards Kong Yaoxing, walks when the saint gate;All previous dynasties ”spread out the saint male“ when the birth opens ”when the saint the gate“, besides these two kind of situations, this not easily opens.All walks the quick G gate, the supine wealthy and prominent family.The quick G gate, takes considers it a pleasure to be among the first to read meaning.Kong Zi's knowledge ”the Five Classics four books“, who first studies who first to have the culture, who first studies who first to have the knowledge, struggles the study, to first reads as by the foresight joyfully.Supine wealthy and prominent family.Praises a Kong Zi's section of speeches naming according to Yan Hui.Yan Hui said that, road of the master, supine makes up high, drills it to make up firmly.Upwardly approves the Kong Zi knowledge blind to go against, calls ”to make up high“, studies the writings in classical style to be very difficult, calls ”to make up firmly“, is high is not unattainable, is definitely may learn after the endeavor.Yan Hui said ”master however, friendly are attractive, is abundant I by the article, said me by the ritual.“ My teacher teaches with skill and patience, teaches me by the culture, executes me by the courtesy.Chinese.In the supine wealthy and prominent family in the alcove has two historical values very high Chinese , is ”the pavilion is long“,(the Han Dynasty place waiter), dying of the government office gate, all is in front of Lu Wangmu guards.is taken by all previous dynasties inscription on stone tablet and bronze scientist, to studies the Han Dynasty clothing and the writing has the important value.Liquid gold bridge, this bridge, with Imperial Palace's in front of bridge of the same name, calls the liquid gold bridge, also is called the blue water bridge, three arrangements, the green water ripples.Great road gate.Crosses the liquid gold bridge is the Ming Dynasty emperor ordered by the emperor personally ”the great road gate“, takes ”Confucian analects“ center ”the person to be able greatly to say, non-road great person“ meaning.Kong Zi is an ordinary writer, why becomes the sage? Approved Kong Zi to summarize first the virtuous sages' experience, especially has brought honor to the Yao and Shun soup, road of the civil and military Duke of Zhou.”The person can greatly say that, said the person can direct creates all, the non-road great person, certainly is not all direction people, this is praises person's subjective initiative.“ The great road hanger-on had two steles, the east side four tablets is ”the Qufu all previous dynasties evolution will“ has recorded the Qufu evolution vicissitude history, a Yuan generation of institute stood, the historical data value was very high, the west was ”scholar out of government employment gentleman the inscription“, had the very high calligraphy value.Major and medium gate.The major and medium gate is the Song Dynasty Confucian temple front door, was called ”center and the gate“, Italy for uses Kong Zi's thought processing question all to be possible to be easily solved.The the Ming Dynasty extension temple renames ”the major and medium gate“, approves Kong Zi's knowledge is accomplishing of the collection humanity knowledge, center, takes ”the doctrine of the mean“ meaning, ”center correct path of the world, theorem of the commonplace world“, center the agonic, is commonplace is not easy.Leaves, is not the correct path, has become the evil road, the crooked gate.Is said is not left is not right, the fair correct path, to front is a doctrine of the mean.Major and medium gate thing two have watchtower two is guards the Confucian temple to use.Same text gate, four big name brands, Confucian temple chart.Enters in the major and medium gate about to have four big tablets.The west bright Hongzhi tablet, says three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues ethics.Right flank the Hongzhi tablet has the the Ming Dynasty talented person Hunan Changsha Li Dongyang to draw up ”the Confucian temple chart“ the value to be very high.The Cheng Hua tablet, is the Ming Dynasty Cheng Hua Emperor Zhu Jianshen stands.Some two situations bring to all previous dynasties everybody celebrity's attention.One is the Cheng Hua tablet character writes, the standardization, the standardization well, exquisitely makes the person, the typeface writing technique to have ”is world-famous“ the evaluation;Two, appraises to Kong Zi high, all previous dynasties emperor all has the comment to Kong Zi, appraises high is Emperor Cheng Hua, he Kong Zi's thought, the means compares with eats meal, puts on the clothes, spends, one day also could not leave, had Kong Zi's truth and the means, could enable each person to develop his talents, thing it used, its strength, otherwise messed up.Said has road of the Kong Zi to have the world, road of the Kong Zi has not had the world, road of the counter-Kong Zi loses the world.If the inscribed text stated that, ”Road of the my only Kong Zi, the world on first cannot not have , has road of the Kong Zi then the three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues but ethics is just bright, the myriad things take their proper place..Road of the Kong Zi in the world like cloth , the livelihood of the people daily expense cannot be left vacant for the time being..Inborn Kong Zi vertical is the saint, lives in the peaceful good justice and humanity, the teacher road emerges, from swims 3000, is continues.“

Same text gate.Takes ”the person concentriily“ meaning of the character same text.Is says works with concerted efforts, unites as one the only then competent good deed industry;The writing must unify, has the unification the writing to be able to record the historical dissemination experience, makes the character to be able at will to mess up.The same text gate is the Kuiwen Geqian important barrier.The Kui article Chinese style pavilion, originally is a library, is the collection books place.Constructed to Song Tianxi two years(in 1018), Jin Zhangzong repaired when changed ”the Kui article Chinese style pavilion“.This unique grand construction, completely is the lignin structure, calls the orphaned example in the Chinese building construction.After several earthquakes, the Kui article Chinese style pavilion has not shaken destroys.The clear Kanghsi 5 years earthquake ”ten houses but actually have nine, saving has one, the Kui article Chinese style pavilion is gorgeously motionless“.The the Ming Dynasty board of personnel Shangshu Li Dongyang has specially written ”Kuiwen Gefu“, approves Kuiwen Ge the construction research value.Is under the porch eastern end this tablet.In front of the pavilion this thing two courtyards stated that, ”The room sleeps“, is place which the sacrificial offering personnel fasts, to bathe.East the courtyard is spreads out the saint male room to sleep the institute, clear Kanghsi, Qian Long offers a sacrifice to when the hole all sleeps in the east room washes the hands and face.West the courtyard is from offers a sacrifice to personnel's room to sleep.Kong Zi 71 generation of Sun Kongzhao fumigates the temple in Song, Yuan, is bright, the clear five dynasty does obeisance the Confucian temple tablet more than 130 centralisms to mount in the courtyard wall, therefore west the room sleeps calls the tablet courtyard.tablets pavilions.This is the Confucian temple sixth enters the courtyard, in the pavilion stands has 55 tablets, is Tang, Song, the gold, Yuan, bright, clear and so on the dynasty stands, its content all is emperor, the imperial envoy does obeisance the hole, to Kong Zi , the appraisal, successively repairs the Confucian temple the record, has the Chinese, is full, Mongolia, eight thinks writing and so on Pakistan article.South north eights five, therefore calls 13 tablets pavilions, because all is authorizes the vertical tablet by emperor, therefore calls the imperial tablet pavilion.East gets up the front row third, 62 alcoves is the Jin Dynasty constructs, is construction which our country extant cannot be seen.Every is seeks with P the edict reason all calls ”the imperial tablet“.”P pen Qiang is auspicious, fable Dragon King has nine, it is 8th, it loves“ the article ”, is good at carrying a heavy load, the stele has the writing but heavily to suit its characteristic, the image should for the main item, the turtle body, the hawk leg, the snake tail.North east gets up this third alcove is Emperor Kanghsi the vertical tablet.The Beijing Xishan picks the stone passes through Grand Canal, south the economy transports here.The expert calculates this tablet 130,000 catty heavy, along the way sprinkled the hydrogel from Jining, slid on the ice, sometimes one day only walked lies place of the cow.The Qufu book has the stone not to use, must ship in from Beijing, shows emperor to Kong Zi the value.Southeast this courtyard, west Namhkok has a piece all is nobles and ministers repairs the temple, does obeisance the hole the record, the calligraphy value is very high.This courtyard thing respectively has to the lining, east is “the Yu essence gate”, west is “the view Germany gate”.Is named , the Xihua gate.The Confucian temple divides into three groups layouts by here, this five, center are together “accomplishes the gate”, left side is “the gold 声门”, right side is “the jade inspires the gate”, again is “opens Confucianism” toward the west, again is “receives Confucianism” toward the east.Accomplishes the gate the construction structure is , manipulates strategically“.Middle s is ”cancels the heart“, about four jiao points look carefully go against are ”fight the angle“.Accomplishes the gate three characters is Emperor Yong Zheng's imperial brush.Approves Kong Zi is the collection sages first virtuous accomplishing, has achieved the supreme boundary.My deceased teacher plants personally the Chinese juniper.Accomplishes in the gate left side this tall and straight vigorous Chinese juniper tree, is Confucius plants personally.According to record: Kong Zi cut three Chinese junipers trees in here, Jin Zhenyou two years(in 1214)has destroyed to the warfare, the tree is dry and also sends new, once ”three dry three glory“, had ”the Chinese juniper tree date cyclopentadiene Kong date was popular“ the view.During bright ten thousand all previous years talented person Yang Guang taught the topic to write ”my deceased teacher to plant personally the Chinese juniper“ five large brush-written Chinese characters.Two corridors.During these two sides coordinated two row of houses, altogether 80, were called ”the thing “, consecrates 72 talented people's places.Kong Zi is known as disciple 3000, the body passes 72 people which the six arts skilleds with both the pen and sword, consecrates in the thing.All previous dynasties kings all have seal match enjoy virtuously first.If Dong Zhongshu, Han Yu, Wang Ming are positive, Zhuge Liang, the invader, Yue Fei and so on.Has sealed to to 156.Last first virtuous is Mr.Liang Qichao.The original cast, the memorial tablet, latter all changes the wooden memorial tablet.The thing present exhibited is the collection Song Dynasty before center expensive carved stone.Duke of Zhou trains one's son, the bat practices medicine and so on, the most precious national treasure has Chinese Wei to face stele carving 22 especially high, the calligraphy value ”the sacrificial vessel tablet“, ”the second grade beautiful jade tablet“, ”Shi Chenbei“, Zhang Menglong the tablet ”, Mi Fubei“ and so on all is the rare valuable thing.West 庑 exhibited more than 100 blocks ”the Chinese to draw the carved stone“, all was for a long time has the great reputation the artistic valuable thing, was studies the Chinese, Wei and so on the history social life rare precious material.East northmost part is exhibiting 584 carved stone, is jade rainbow Lou Fatie which Kong Zi 69 generation of Sun Kongji writes.Place where Confucius lectured.This is for commemorates Kong Zi to lecture constructs.Kong Zi initially was under the big apricot tree lectures in the local station for the disciples.When Song Dynasty in 1018, the Kong Zi 45 generation of passageways auxiliary edited the Confucian temple, after moved the extension the main hall, constructed the pavilion in the main hall former site, the link plants by the apricot, the name says ”the place where Confucius lectured“.The place where Confucius lectured two characters, are the Jin Dynasty famous writer party bosom England seal scripts.In the pavilion has Emperor Qian Long the imperial brush ”the place where Confucius lectured to approve“, this is he first time comes Qufu to write.Qian Long writes the plaque, the antithetical couplet, the scroll which writes and so on in Qufu has 50 place.Accomplishes the palace.This is the Confucian temple , it with Beijing's Imperial Palace too with palace, the Tai'an day palace and calls the East three big constructions, also calls the East three main halls.What the value high history is long accomplishes the palace.Palace height 24.8 meters, extravagant 45.7 meters, deep 24.89 meters.Four has 28 the dragon column which carves with the entire stone, the exquisite workmanship, the attainments is very deep.Especially the palace 10 deep reliefs roll the dragon column actually world rarely, 10 pillars 20 dragons, about to fly in circles, the ascension coils around a play bead, the manner respectively differently, does not have one identically, more looked more has moves Italy, on the stone is vividly lifelike.This is the Huizhou artisan's masterpiece.Emperor comes when Qufu faces the hole, Kong Jia all use Huang Lingba long Zhuguo to get up, does not let emperor directly see the dragon column, because has surpassed the throne room, feared emperor is not happy, performs to blame.Other 18 columns are the bas-relief dragon column, surface engraves nine dragons, each pillar eight , 8,972 dragons total carve 1,296 dragons.This is the rare carved stone art treasure.Always looks at accomplishes the palace grand magnificent sight.Five saints 12 sages.Accomplishes in the palace to consecrate 17 pictures.Five big sages.Highest sage Kong Zi, Italy is in sage's sage, supreme.Confucius in central, the head wears 12 crowns, wears 12 chapter of kings to take, grasps shakes the jade tablet, dignified is solemn and respectful, causes the person to have profound respect for.Two sides are four match: East side is the duplicate saint face, states the saint to think;The west is ancestor saint Tsengtzu, Mencius.Eastern end six, western end six, called 12 sages, have the child tribute, the sub-road, Ran Qiu and so on 11 Kong Zi's disciple, some is Song Dynasty Zhu Xi, renowned Five Classics four books explanations good, is sealed as the sage.”The people has not had“ the plaque, is Mencius approves Kong Zi, said ”the people has not had abundantly to Kong Zi also“.Since has had the humanity, but also does not have comprehensively to surpass Kong Zi the person, therefore calls ”the people not to have“.”The model for all generations“ will be the Kanghsi topic writes, seals Kong Zi is ”teacher of Emperor the Wan Shi, table of the eternity humanity, emperor's teacher, will make person's model.“ ”Refined is Guang Xu writes in this“, Italy for world culture all in here.Bedroom palace.Consecrates the Kong Zi Madame Qi Guanshi special palace.Is the Confucian temple third big construction.Qi Guanshi the song person(Henan business earthen mound), 19 years old marry Kong Zi, latter gives birth to a boy the hole carp , early the Kong Zi 7 years died, are sealed ”highest sage my deceased teacher madame“, equally enjoy the sacrificial offering with Kong Zi.Around the bedroom palace on 28 stone columns carves the phoenix, each pillar engraves phoenix 72, is same with the dragon quantity, calls Longfeng to be a good omen.Saint mark palace.Has recorded Kong Zi's fact by the carved stone picture-and-story book form.Some 120 Wen Tu and the cyclopentadiene carved stone, is the Kong Zi descendant with the the Ming Dynasty governor censor what light management construction.Carves by the Wu county famous picture labor chapter of grass drawing, inlays on the palace inner wall.Is integrity picture-and-story book which the our country first person, the article concurrently has.Has the very high history and the artistic value.The palace frontage ”the model for all generations“ is the Kanghsi imperial brush, center Kong Zi big Si Guanxiang is the Tang Dynasty big painter Wu line picture.The palace eastern end is Kanghsi faces the hole the imperial tablet, the western end has the Jin synonym painter to attend to picture of the Joy Kong Zi line to teach the picture, the custom called ”master 小影“ most approach Kong Zi's appearance characteristic.Also has Song Dynasty everybody Mi Fu to approve Kong Zi's small seal script: ”Kong Zi Kong Zi big ah Kong Zi, sub-before will already not have Kong Zi, Kong Zi later does not have Kong Zi, Kong Zi Kong Zi big ah Kong Zi“.Explicit saying, Kong Zi is great!Unequalled,The Confucian temple west road is the sacrifice Kong Zi parents' place.His/her father Uncle Liang 纥, mother Yan Zheng in, emperor seals for opens saint Madame Wang Heqi saint Wang, constructs has opens construction and so on saint Wang Dian, bedroom palace, gold thread hall.The Confucian temple east road, around two parts, the front courtyard is the Kong Zi former dwelling, has ”Kong Zhaigu the well“, Kong Zi nine generation of Sun Kongfu book collection place ”the Lu wall“, now saw the Confucian classics, sets up the first-class honor should is ”the Lu wall“.For commemorated Kong Zi to educate its sub-studies has constructed ”the poem assembly hall“, Kong Zi said ”study the poem did not have by the word, the character ritual did not have stands“, Italy could not speak for study the poem, study the ritual did not understand how set up the body matter.In the poem assembly hall has renowned sculptor Mr.Shi Ke to make by cutting imitates the Chinese to draw the carved stone ”the saint mark chart".The rear court is honors the saint ancestral hall, five generation of ancestral halls, on sacrificial offering Kong Zi five generation of ancestors' ancestral temples.Fellow gentlemen, the Confucian temple resembles historical, the knowledge school, because the time is limited, we only looked mainly, I am the distress must introduce.Kong Zi is the sage, also is the great traveling, travels around the row country for 14 years, propagandizes him to practice moral culture, QiJia, rules a nation the even world knowledge, has collected the precious material.The concerned sage's vestige are very many, is worth as soon as looking very much.We are together the time although to be short, but the friendship exists forever, hoped each position has the opportunity to come Qufu to go sightseeing again, we certainly serve well.The Confucian temple saw here, thanks everybody the cooperation, welcome you again.

第二篇：三孔英文导游词

导语：导游词是导游人员引导游客观光游览时的讲解词，是导游员同游客交流思想，向游客传播文化知识的工具，也是应用写作研究的文体之一。以下是小编整理三孔英文导游词的资料，欢迎阅读参考。

Last year, I walked into qufu, a city that has a long history and is full of ancient beauty.After thousands of years of vicissitudes of the city wall, covered with moss, still a thousand years ago that kind of primitive simplicity in front of the world.The blue bricks of the wall have not been the same level as before, but also let people feel its full of vicissitudes.Also, that is the world famous three holes.The Confucius temple, which has a history of 600 years.Why 600 years? Because in the song dynasty, a fierce battle between the song dynasty and the jin dynasty was destroyed by a fire, and it was rebuilt in the Ming dynasty.In the long river of time, many descendants came to sacrifice the hole, and went up to the emperor, the minister of the Lord, and to the people of li.Temple of carved stone is, wang xizhi, shen kua, Confucius, etc., dacheng hall of the temple was completely copy the palace style, which fully shows the ancient emperor worship of Confucius, stone pillar carved dragon, chicken, dumpling and other auspicious patterns, is said to have post also engraved with 88 dragon!

Besides, kong fu is a treasure in the garden.It was also rebuilt before it was extended.The father of Confucius was a small official in charge of grain, which was carried forward in the generation of Confucius.Among the descendants of Confucius, there were many wise men, such as kong rong and so on.There is a picture in the garden of kong's garden.No matter what Angle you look at it, the intersection is always right on you.Do you say magic is not magic?

Then there was kong Lin, the cemetery of the kongers, with many trees and flowers, stone tablets and statues of cultural relics.There was a big stone in front of Confucius' tombstone, which blocked the word “wang”.According to the legend of emperor kangxi, when he came to the temple, he looked up at the inscription on the tablet and said, “the king of the spring and autumn kong” was angry.He turned his head and went away.A mountain cannot be two tigers.The next day, the family put the big stone here...The sound of the horse's hooves gradually died away, and the night slowly came, watching countless visitors come and go from the three holes, and my admiration for Confucius was lingering in my mind...

第三篇：三孔导游词

引导语：三孔接下来是小编为你带来收集整理的文章，欢迎阅读！

三孔导游词一

女士们！先生们！大家好！我叫任一诺。今天，由我来带领你们游览“三孔”：孔府·孔庙·孔林。孔子有句名言：“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎”我有幸担任导游，十分高兴。我将尽力为大家服务，不足之处，请批评改正。

在参观三孔之前，请允许我介绍一下曲阜。曲阜地处鲁中小区和鲁西南平原的交界处。大诗人李白曾描写曲阜：“笑夸故人指绝境，山光水色青如兰”。现在我们参观孔庙。孔庙位于曲阜城中心，是古代人们为了几年孔子生前的伟大思想宽阔的精神品质所建的一座韵味十足的建筑。前后九进院落，占地327.5亩，南北长达1公里；共有建筑466间，54座门坊；加之庙内1700余株古树，一个个直冲云天，听说当时谁敢砍倒一棵，就会以杀头处理。每一棵树，每一个门的名字都含有孔子“仁”的思想。

孔府与孔庙毗邻,是孔子嫡系长子长孙居住的府第,三路布局,九进院落,共有建筑463间,加上后花园,共占地240亩。孔府，也称“衍圣公府”。“衍圣”的意思是说“圣道”、“圣裔”能繁衍接续。

进入孔府大门，由此向后孔府分为三路，东路建有一贯堂、慕恩堂、孔氏家庙等；西路是孔府当年接待贵宾和读书习礼的地方，有红萼轩、忠恕堂、安怀堂、花厅等；中路是孔府的主体建筑，前半部为官衙，后半部为内宅。

孔林，是孔子家庭的专用墓地，也是世界上延时最久、规模最大的家庭墓地。占地三千多亩。周围垣墙高3米，厚1.5米，长14.5华里。林内有各种树木10万多株，数百种植物。在万木掩映之中，碑石林立，石像成群，十分壮观。

现在自由活动3小时，可以自行游览“三孔”，亦也可以进行游戏、野餐等活动，但必须保证卫生。

参观“三孔”到此结束了，回到家里时，别忘了说你们还有一个这样导游噢！

三孔导游词二

女士们、先生们：你们好！

欢迎来到曲阜。曲阜是我国古代伟大的思想家、政治家、教育家孔子的故乡，亦是全国首批公布的24个历史文化名城之一。孔子有句名言：“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎。”今天，我有幸为各位担任导游，十分高兴。我将尽力为大家提供满意的服务，不足之处，请批评指正。

曲阜概况 在参观“三孔”之前，请允许我把曲阜概况介绍一下：

曲阜地处鲁中山区和鲁西南平原的交界处，北依泰山，南引峄山，东连沂蒙群山，西俯千畴平原。地势东高西低，境内泗河、沂河等河流均自东向西流淌，自古就有“圣人门前倒流水”之说。物产丰富，景色宜人。而大诗人李白曾描写曲阜：“笑夸故人指绝境，山光水色青如兰”。

曲阜历史悠久，早在五六千年前，我们的祖先就在这里繁衍生息，创造了人类早期的文明。不少古籍中，还有炎帝、少吴徙都于曲阜，黄帝生于寿丘(曲阜城东8里处)，舜于寿丘作什器的记载。可见，中国远古时代最有影响的三皇五帝中就有四人在曲阜留下了踪迹。尽管这是传说，但也并不是毫无根据的。从境内保存下来的 20余处大汶口文化和龙山文化遗址中仍可见到我们的祖先征服自然的遗迹。“曲阜”一名最早见于礼记>>。东汉应劭解释说：“鲁城东有阜，委曲长七八里，故名曲阜。”商代前期，曲阜名奄，是商王朝的重要属国。周代自“封周公于曲阜”800余年，曲阜为鲁国都城，是当时我国一个重要的政治、经济、文化中心。春秋时期，孔子首创私人讲学之风，“弟子三千，贤者七十有二”遍及全国各地，又成了当时的教育中心。鲁国是曲阜历史上的黄金时期，以“礼仪之邦”著称于世，故山东省现仍沿用“鲁”作为简称。公元前 249年，楚灭鲁，置鲁县，秦代属薛郡，西汉时为鲁国都，魏晋南北朝时为鲁郡治。隋开皇十六年(596年)，首定曲阜为县名。到宋代改称仙源县，金代恢复曲阜县名至今。1986年撤县制，始称曲阜市。现面积为890平方公里，人口60余万。悠久的历史，灿烂的文化，给曲阜留下了大量的文物古迹，主要的有110余处，而其中的孔庙、孔府、孔林及鲁国故城遗址被列为全国首批公布的重点文物保护单位，另有11处列为全省重要文物保护单位。“三孔”还于1994年被联合国列为世界文化遗产。

新中国建立后，特别是党的十一届三中全会以来，党和领导人对曲阜的文物古迹十分关注，国家先后拨款3000多万元对“三孔”进行了全面修茸。近年来，为了大力发展旅游事业，二曲阜又相继开发建设了孔子六艺城、论语碑苑、鲁国盛世华夏文化城等一批新的旅游景点，形成人文与自然景观，新老景点浑然一体，相映生辉的旅游资源新格局，成为中外游人向往的文化旅游胜地。

孔庙的第一座石坊叫“金声玉振坊”。孟子对孔子曾有过这样的评价，他说：“孔子之谓集大成，集大成者，金声而玉振之也”。“金声、玉振”表示奏乐的全过程，以击钟开始，以击磐告终，比喻孔子的思想集古圣先贤之大成。石坊上面莲花宝座上各刻有一个独角怪兽称“辟邪”，也叫“朝天吼”，这是封建社会王爵府第才可使用的饰物。

孔庙第一道门叫“棂星门”。“棂星”又名天田星，古人祭天，先要祭棂星。“棂星门”三个字为乾隆所书。“太和元气”坊同“金声玉振”坊差不多，题字为明代山东巡抚曾铣手书，赞颂孔子思想如同天地生育万物。此院东西各有一座腰门，东边上书“德侔天地一样大，他的学说古今来说都是最好的”。这座门叫“圣时门”，由此住里，有博大精深、深不可测之感。“圣时”二字，取<<孟子.万章下>>，“孔子，圣之时者也”句，意思是说，在圣人之中，孔子是最适合时代者。

过圣时门迎面小石桥，叫“璧水桥”，桥两侧偏南各有一座门，东门叫“快睹门”，是先睹为快的意思，西门叫“仰高门”赞颂孔子的学问十分高深。我们进入的大门，称“弘道门”，这三个字取自<<论语.卫星公>>“人能弘道”的句子，以此来赞颂孔子阐发了尧舜汤和文武周公之“道”。这道门也是明朝洪武十年(1377年)时孔庙的大门。再往后是“大中门”，大中门是宋朝时期孔庙的大门，原名叫“宫和门”，字的意思与孔子中庸之道的主张有关，由此门向南望去，一方面可以看到孔庙的历史沿革，一方面也可以看到孔庙的不断扩大，这些建筑既有清代建筑，也有明代建筑，还有宋代建筑，它们建的时代不同，工匠不同，但都互相配合，相得益彰，构成一体。看孔庙建筑，同时可以看到一部分中国封建社会的发展史。

这块碑立于明成化四年(1468年)，因此也叫“成化碑”，它为明宪宗朱见深所立，碑高6米，宽2米多。这块碑的特点是书法精湛，著称于世，并且碑文用论辩形式写成，在极力推崇孔子方面，可以说是之最。大家请看右上角，那上面写道：“联惟孔子之道，有天下者一日不可无焉”，又说：“孔子之道在天下，如布帛粟菽，民生日用不可暂缺”。这碑下面的动物不是乌龟，叫??，是龙的儿子，特别能负重，所以用来驮碑，有句话讲“龙生九子不成龙”，在孔庙内，龙和龙的9个儿子，你都可以看到，当地的老百姓常来这里抚摸这??，他们说：“摸摸??的头，一辈子不犯愁，摸摸??的腚，一辈子不生病”。

我们面前的这座木结构建筑名叫“奎文阁”，原是孔庙的藏书楼。“奎星”为二十八星宿之一，有星十六颗，“屈曲相钩，似文字之画”，后来人们把它演化为文官之首，封建帝王把孔子比作天上的奎星，所以孔子又称“历代文官主”。这座楼阁高23.35米，阔30.1米，深17.62米，三重飞檐，四层斗拱，构造坚固而且合理，康熙年间曲阜曾有过一次大地震，“人间房屋倾者九，存者一”，而奎文阁却傲然屹立，安然无恙，由此可见我国古代劳动人民的聪明智慧和高超的建筑艺术。

我们现在进入孔庙的第六进院落，展现在大家面前的是13座碑亭，南边8座，北边5座。亭内保存着唐、宋、元、明、清各代石碑共55幢，碑文多为皇帝对孔子的追谥加封、拜庙亲祭、整修庙宇的纪录，用汉文、八思巴文、满文等刻成。此排中间的这座碑，重约65吨，采自北京的西山，在当时，将如此重量的石碑从千里之外，跋山涉水，运至曲阜，不能不说是一个奇迹。此院东、西各有一门，是孔庙第三道腰门，为“东华门、西华门”。

我们现在进入大成门，“大成门”是指今天下之大成，这一排共有5门并列，最西边为启圣门，是供奉孔子父母的地方，中路大成门，又有“金声门、玉振门”相佐，中路为孔庙最中心的地方，东为承圣门，原为孔子故居。

大家知道，孔子是伟大的思想家，教育家、政治家，我们认为，孔子首先是个教育家，他是中国第一位老师，封建皇帝封他为“至圣先师”“万世师表”，应当说，他是全人类的老师，是名符其实的“人类灵魂工程师”。我们面前的“杏坛”，相传是当年孔子设坛讲学的地方，金代建亭作以纪念，著名文人党怀英书“杏坛”二字。坛侧有棵杏树，为后人所栽，每当初春时节，红花绽开，绿叶摇曳。所以乾隆皇帝来朝拜时，曾赋诗赞之，诗曰：重来又值籼开时，几树东风簇绛枝，岂是人间凡卉比，文明终古共春熙。

矗立在我们面前的大殿就是名扬天下的“大成殿”，它是中国的“三大殿”之一，与北京故宫的“太和殿”，泰山岱庙的“天贶殿”齐名，其雄伟壮丽有过之而无不及。殿高24.8米，阔45.78米，深24.8米，雕梁画栋，金壁辉煌，特别是周围28根石柱，为世界文化瑰宝，均以整石雕刻而成，前面10根为深浮雕，每柱二龙戏珠，盘绕升腾，栩栩如生，刀法刚劲有力，各具变化。过去皇帝来了，都是将此柱用黄布围裹。他们若看见恐怕也会自惭不如。两侧及后廊的龙柱为浅浮雕，每柱72条龙，总共1296条。大成殿内供奉着孔子塑像，两侧为四配，东西是复圣颜回、述圣孔及，西面是宗圣曾参和亚圣孟子。再外是12哲。每年9月26日、9月28日，我们都在这里举行盛大的国际孔子文化节和孔子诞辰纪念仪式，表演大型祭孔乐舞和“箫韶乐舞”，举行丰富多彩的文化、旅游活动，欢迎各位到时光临。

大成殿两侧的绿瓦长廊叫两半岛，共有80间房屋，是后世供奉先贤先儒的地方，在唐朝受供奉的只有20余人，到了民国多达156人，这些配享原为画像，金时改为塑像，明代改为木制牌位，文革期间被拆掉。现在两廊中主要存放汉画像石刻和著名古碑。最珍贵的是汉魏六朝石刻22块，如“五凤”“礼器”“乙瑛”“孔庙”“史晨”“张猛龙”碑等，都为国家级石碑，被视为书法艺术的极品，价值连城的瑰宝。最北面的两庑中，珍藏着584块石碑，叫“玉虹楼”法贴，是孔子68代孙孔继涑收集了历代著名书法家的手迹慕刻而成，具有极高的艺术价值。

寝殿是供奉孔子夫人亓官氏的专祠。圣迹殿是明万历年间，根据司马迁<<史记.孔子世家>>编绘刻石的连环画，共有120幅。这是我国第一部有完整人物故事的连环画。

我们现在的位置是孔庙东路，这里当年为孔子故宅，这口水井为“孔子故宅井”，是当年孔子饮水之井，后人称为“圣水”。亭内的碑有乾隆“饮水拜师”和“故宅井赞”，乾隆8次来曲阜，竟有他5次题字。后面这座红色墙壁叫“鲁壁”，在秦始皇焚书坑儒时，孔子9世孙孔鲋把<<论语>>等经典藏在此壁内，墙壁倒塌后被人发现，孔子经典方才留传于世。

这座殿堂叫“诗礼堂”，是当年孔子教儿子学诗学礼的地方，堂前有两棵宋代银杏树，当初孔府曾用这棵树的果实做菜，名叫“诗礼银杏”大家在品尝孔府菜时，千万不要忘了点这道菜，因为此菜的出处就在这个地方。

孔庙是一个巨大的文化博物馆，我们匆匆看一次，只可窥见一斑。不能观其全貌，尤其是不能会其神韵，那就留待各位以后再来时细细品味吧。下面我们参观孔府。

孔府即“衍圣公府”，也是世界文化遗产之一，全国重点文物保护单位。孔府大门与孔庙仅一墙之隔。孔府共占地240亩，有厅、堂、楼、房463间，在路布局，九进院落，东路为“东学”，西路为“西学”供游人游览的主要是中路。

“衍圣公”是北宋至和二年(公元1055年)宋仁宗赐给孔子46代孙孔宗愿的封号，这一封号子孙相继，整整袭封了32代，历时880多年。远在这封号之前，自西汉以后，历代封建王朝就给予孔子后代众多封赐，汉代曾封孔子后代为“奉礼君”“关内候”，魏晋南北朝又封“宗圣候、崇圣大夫”；唐朝封“文宣公”；宋代封“衍圣公”，到民国孔子77代孔德成时，改称“奉礼官”。“衍圣公”是我国封建社会享有特权的大贵族，被称为“天下第一家”，在明代，不仅班列群官之上，还特许在紫禁城骑马等。孔子的嫡系长支大多住在孔府，一直到1948年孔子77代孙孔德成离开曲阜，迁至台湾。

孔府大门上方高悬蓝底金字“圣府”二字。有趣的是门两边这幅对联：上联是“与国咸休安富尊荣公府第”，“富”字缺上面一“点”，寓“富不到顶”，下联为“同天并老文章道德圣人家”，“章”字一竖直通“立字”，寓“文章通天”。“与国咸休”“同天并老”，这是多大的气派!

孔府二门里，这座独具风格的门叫“恩赐重光门”，过去只有帝王大典、迎接“圣旨”时，此门才在13声炮声中徐徐启开，此门又称“仪门”或“塞门”。过去，一般官宦人家是不允许建的，只有封爵的邦君才能有其殊荣。

这个院子两侧的厅房，各挂有一个牌子，是孔府仿照建王朝六部而设的六厅，即管色厅、百户厅、典籍厅、司乐厅、知印厅、掌书厅。

孔府“大堂”，是“衍圣公”宣读圣旨、接见官员、审理重大案件，举行重大仪式的地方。正中太师椅上，披铺斑斓虎皮，长桌上置文房四宝、印章令箭，两旁摆满各种兵器、更鼓、云牌、龙旗、官衔木牌，象征着孔府的种种特权，甚是威严。

二堂，也叫后厅，是当年衍圣公会见四品以上官员的地方，里面的石碑和牌匾是清朝光绪、慈祥太后等封赐给衍圣公及夫人的。二堂东边为启事厅，为正四品官，负责上传下达，西边为伴官厅，为正七品，据说，过去官员赴京朝拜天子，一般只允许一主两伴，而只有“衍圣公”可以一主四伴。

三堂，也叫退厅，也是衍圣公私设公堂，处理家庭内部事务的场所。以上三个大堂，层层叠进，很是森严，足显出孔府的圣威和显赫。

三堂过后，我们进入“内宅”，在过去，内宅绝对不许擅入，有皇帝赐给的虎尾棍、燕翅镗、金头玉棍，由十几人轮流把守，有不遵令入内者，“打死勿论”。内宅门西边这个水槽叫石流，过去挑水夫不得进入内宅，只把水倒进石流，淌入内宅。

内宅门的内壁上画着一个形似麒麟的动物，叫“贪”，是传说中的贪婪之兽，能吞下金银财宝，你看它连八仙的宝物都吃掉了，还要去吃太阳。据说当年“衍圣公”出门时，都要驻足观看此画，并有人喊“过贪门”，以戒要清正廉洁，不要贪脏枉法。这对于我们现在的官员和“公仆”们，是不是也有借鉴和启发呢？

这是前上房，有正厅7间，是孔府主人接待至亲和朋友的地方，当年孔府戏班在此演戏，东侧间有乾隆皇帝送给孔府的荆根床，桌上有同治皇帝圣旨原件，中间是404件满汉全席餐具，菜多达196道，可想孔府菜之丰盛。西里间，为衍圣公签阅文件之处。

前堂楼是七间二层楼阁，富丽堂皇，室内陈设布置，全为当年原貌，内有珍奇书画墨宝、古玩衣冠，里套间为孔子后代孔令贻夫人陶氏卧室，这是孔德成先生的生母，至今尚有她的照片，她原是孔府丫环，后被纳妾，生下孔德成，但被陶氏害死。西套间是孔令贻另一夫人丰氏的卧室，此人一生无声无息，27岁就死去了。

这个院子是后堂楼，各有配楼三间，后堂楼是孔德成先生当年结婚的地方，堂中陈列着当年结婚的用品和名人赠送的礼品和题字。孔德成结婚时，正值西安事变期间，本来蒋先生要亲自参加婚礼，但遭到抗日将领张学良、杨虎成的逮捕，自然，他也就不能参加这最后一代衍圣公的隆重婚礼了。

我们现在参观孔府后花园，它建于明弘治16年(公元1503年),由吏部尚书太子太傅,亦也是孔子62代孙衍圣公孔闻韶的亲家李东阳设计监工建造的,到了明嘉靖年间,太子太傅、吏部尚书、当朝权臣严嵩又助修建，严嵩的孙女嫁给了孔子64代衍圣公孔尚贤为一品夫人。到了清代，乾隆将自己的女儿嫁给了72代衍圣公孔宪培，又为修建孔府花园大动土木，经过前后三次大修，花园成了现在的规模，面积比北京故宫的花园还要大些。这里面有各种奇花异草，古树名石如“五柏抱槐”“太湖石假山”等，请各位随意观赏一下。

孔府存有大量无比珍贵的文物，尤其是十余万卷孔府档案，更是稀世文物，而为了保护这些文物，在李瑞环同志特此下，拨款修建了孔府档案馆，现在，这些文物和档案得到了很好的保存。

各位朋友，刚才我们看了祭祀孔子的庙宇，看了孔子后代居住的府第孔府，下边我们参观埋葬孔子以及孔子后代的基地孔林。

孔 林

孔林，是孔子及其家庭的专用墓地，也是世界上延时最久、规模最大的家庭墓地，在位于曲阜城北泗水之上，占地三千余亩，周围垣墙高3米，厚1.5米，长 14.5华里。在这里既可考春秋之葬，证秦汉之墓，而又可研究我国历代政治、经济、文化的发展和丧葬风俗的演变历史。孔林也是目前我国最大的人造园林。相传孔子死后，“弟子各以四方奇木来植，故多异树”。林内有各种树木10万多株，数百种植物。在万木掩映之中，碑石林立，石像成群，除一批著名的汉碑移入孔庙保护外，林内尚有唐、宋、金、元、明、清各代石碑3600多块，又称得上名副其实的碑林。过去墓地的“风水”，被孔子的后代视作“命根子”。例如，清光绪三十年(1904年)，勘测津浦铁路时，原计划经过曲阜，亦离孔林西墙很近。当时的衍圣公孔令贻得此消息十分着急，向朝廷连递几件呈文，说铁路将“震动圣墓”，“破坏圣脉”，使祖宗灵魂不得安宁。结果铁路到曲阜拐了个大弯，向西南绕行。如果没有这档子事，现在人们坐火车到曲阜游览，就不用先到兖州下车，然后改乘汽车了。

大门孔林大门始建于明代，清代重修。进入孔林大门是一条长约1华里的甬道，迎面高大的门楼叫“观楼”，俗称“二林门”。此门原是古鲁国城北门。大门到二门这一段，是孔林前突出的部分，类似古代城市建筑的月城。

孔尚任墓位于孔林东北隅，墓碑上书“奉直大夫户部广东清吏司员外郎东塘先生之墓”，即是孔尚任墓。孔尚任(1648－－1718年)，字聘之，号东塘，自称云亭山人，是孔子第六十四代孙，我国清初著名剧作家，其代表作是桃花扇>>。他出生书香门弟，因屡试不第，中年隐居曲阜石门山。康熙二十三年(1684年)，康熙皇帝来曲阜祭孔时，他被孔府推荐为引驾官，并给皇帝讲经，深得褒奖，破格提升为国子监博士。赴京任职期间曾到淮杨一带治河，通过吊古迹，访隐士，搜集野史逸闻，对南明王朝的覆灭经过有了深切的感受。回京后曾任户部主事，员外郎等职。公余致力于戏曲创作。1699年，昆曲名剧桃花扇>>传奇脱稿。王公显贵争相传抄，戏班竞相演唱，一时轰动京城。该剧以名士候方域与名妓李香君的爱情故事为主线，广泛而深刻地反映了南明王朝灭亡的历史。次年孔尚任却被罢官回乡，死后葬于此。他一生著述甚丰，另有诗文《石门山集》、《湖海集》、《岸堂文集》等。

于氏坊位于孔林北侧，是孔子七十二代孙、衍圣公孔宪培与其妻于氏之墓。于氏原是清乾隆皇帝的女儿，那么为什么改姓于又嫁到孔府的呢？这里还有段小故事。据说乾隆的女儿脸上有块黑痣，相术说，这块痣主灾，破灾的唯一办法是将她嫁给一个有福的人。朝里大臣们议论，天下只有孔圣人的后代最有福。但是当时是满族统治，按规定满汉不能通婚。于是有人给皇帝出主意将女儿认汉族大臣、户部尚书于敏忠为义父，这样以于家的名义嫁到孔府。于氏死后，孔府为其立了这座“鸾音褒德”牌坊。

洙水桥孔林二门内有一条东西横穿的小河，名曰：“洙水河”，因流经孔子墓前，与“圣脉”攸关，故被后世誉为“灵源无穷，宜与天地共长久”的“圣水”。洙水本是古代的一条河流，与泗水并称为“洙泗”，后来成为孟子发祥地的代称。古洙水早已湮没。河上有桥三座，左右皆为平桥，中间的一座拱桥在孔子墓前，名曰：“洙水桥”。

孔子墓甬道洙水桥北迎面绿瓦三楹的高台大门，叫“档墓门”。而过此门即是孔子墓甬道。甬道有四对巨型石雕，名曰：华表、文豹、角端、翁仲。华表又称“望柱”，是进“天门”的标志。文豹形象似豹，腋下喷火，温顺善良。角端传说日行一万八千里，通四方语言，明外方幽远之事。文豹、角端都是想象中的怪兽。翁仲，传说为秦代骁将，威震边塞，后为对称，雕文、武两像，用以守墓。甬道尽头大殿是祭祀孔子设香坛的享殿。解放战争时，朱德总司令曾在此召开过军事会议，所以又成为革命历史文物。

孔子墓享殿之后红色的墙院内就是孔子及其儿、孙三代的墓地。孔子墓似一隆起的马背，称“马鬣封”，是一种特殊尊贵的筑墓形式。墓前石碑篆刻“大成至圣文宣王墓” 是明正统八年(1443年)黄养正书。孔子于公元前479年去世，而当时鲁国国君称他为“尼父”。这是有别于封号的最尊贵的称号。孔子有封号始于公元元年，汉平帝追封孔子为公爵，称“褒成宣尼公”。此后帝王纷纷给孔子封号，至唐开元二十七年(739年)唐玄宗李隆基给孔子谥号“文宣”，始称“文宣王”。到元武帝于大德十一年(1007年)加封为“大成至圣文宣王”后又称“至圣先师”、“大成至圣先师”等等。历代王朝都为孔子的封号选择了最高的赞誉之词，可见孔子思想学说，对历代统治是何等重要。

孔子墓东为其子孔鲤墓，南为其孙孔伋墓。而这种墓葬布局为“携子抱孙”以示人衍兴旺。

孔鲤墓 孔子的儿子孔鲤，一生无大作为，年50岁先孔子去世。但因系“圣人”之 子，故被宋徽宗封为“泗水侯”。子贡庐墓处孔子墓西三间房屋为子贡庐墓处。子贡，复姓端木，名赐，字子贡，是孔子得意门生之一，也是孔子弟子中善于经商的学生。孔子死后，众弟子为孔子守墓三年，相诀而去，独子贡在此又守三年。而后人为纪念此事，建屋三间，立碑一座，题为“子贡庐墓处”。

孔伋墓孔子的孙子孔（前483－－前402年），是我国战国时期著名的哲学家和思想家，当孔子在世时，孔伋尚年幼。孔子死后，孔伋拜曾子为师。曾子，姓曾，名参，是孔子的得意门生，他继承了孔子学说的真谛，并传授给孔伋。曾子著有大学>>等书。据记载论语> >也是以曾子的教学讲义为蓝本，由他的门人弟子编辑而成。孔伋潜心研究孔子学说，著成中庸>>一书。孔伋的学生又把孔子思想学说传给孟子，孟子上承孔子之学，著成孟子>>一书。以上论语>>、大学>>、中庸>>、孟子>>古称“四书”，是儒学经典著作。由此可见孔伋是儒家思想学派承上启下的关键人物。历史进入到当代，孔子和他创立的儒家思想学说并未与时俱去。长期以来，特别是改革开放以来，国内的孔子研究空前活跃，国际上也出现了一股“儒学研究热”，以探讨和重新评价孔子和儒学的当代社会价值。由此我们相信，它必定推动曲阜旅游事业的进一步发展，带来空前的繁荣。

“三孔”的游览就到这里，我再把其他一些主要景点和其它方面简要的介绍一下。

曲阜的景点很多，多与孔子有关，可以更加增添您的感性认识，更多地了解孔子和孔子文化。孔子六艺城座落在曲阜城南，是最近兴建的一座大型旅游景观，占地200亩，投资5000余万元，它以孔子礼、乐、射、御、书、数为主线，让您在参与中、在娱乐中领会孔子思想的博大精深，在这里面您可以欣赏到尽善尽美的古乐舞，看到全国最大的青铜塑像，看到全世界最大的一部论语，可以乘坐古牛车游列国，是曲阜继“三孔”以后的又一重要旅游景点。“论语碑苑”是反映孔子<<论语>>内容的园林建筑，山水亭榭，曲径通幽，品味很高；尼山孔庙，在曲阜城东南25公里，是孔子的出生地，山清水秀，古迹众多；颜庙，是祭祀孔子弟子颜子的大型古建筑群，出孔府后门再往东30米即到；出颜庙再向东一里路，即到了纪念周公的大型古建筑周公庙，那里有众多的古树和鲁国故城遗址；出曲阜城向东6里，就是轩辕黄帝的出生地寿丘，在那里您可以看到为纪念黄帝而立的全世界最大的巨碑“宣和碑”“庆寿碑”，可以看到中国金字塔式的陵墓“少昊陵”；您如果要了解古代鲁国的风俗人情，可以参观一下鲁国盛世华夏文化城。在曲城北的石门山，是国家级森林公园，林木茂盛，景点众多，也是孔尚任隐居写<<桃花扇>>，以及唐代大诗人李白、杜甫生平最后一次宴别之处。在曲阜城南20公里，就是孟子的家乡，有其规模比三孔稍小些的孟庙、孟府、孟林、孟母林、有岱南奇观峄山。向北60公里，就是五岳之首，被称为中华之魂的泰山，向西90公里，就可以看到水泊梁山的遗址和风光。

曲阜交通便利，104、327两条国道从曲阜城交叉通过，曲阜距济南国际机场150公里，距济宁机场60公里，距兖州火车站15公里。

各位朋友如需购物，有不少有特色的旅游产品供大家挑选，著名的孔府家酒、孔府香油、孔府黑芝麻板、孔子拓片、尼山砚、儒家经典著作等都很有纪念意义。

曲阜拥有一批星级宾馆给各位提供良好的服务和食宿条件，三星级的阙里宾舍座落在孔庙、孔府一侧，环境优雅，功能齐全；杏坛宾馆是二星级饭店，座落在六艺城附近，富丽堂皇；贵宾楼也是二星级饭店，与曲阜汽车站仅一路之隔；座落在市中心的三孔大酒店、孔府饭店、曲阜大酒店，也都有较好的硬件设施和上乘的服务，各宾馆都有富有特色的孔府菜供您享用。

曲阜是信义之乡，礼仪之邦，浓郁的风土人情，热情好客的人民，古朴的小城风貌都会使您留恋忘返。

第四篇：三孔导游词3篇

三孔导游词3篇

山东济宁曲阜的孔府、孔庙、孔林，统称“三孔”，是中国历代纪念孔子，推崇儒学的表征，以丰厚的文化积淀、悠久历史、宏大规模、丰富文物珍藏，下面是三孔导游词，欢迎欣赏。

三孔导游词一：

各位朋友，在中国，在东方这片有着五千年文明历史的土地上，你也许读不懂青铜器上的铭文，也许不理解人头兽身表现什么，象征什么。但是，当你走进中国人民的生活，行走在中华民族繁衍生息、劳动创造的古老土地上，你就能感受到、接触到中国人民在日常生活中流露出来的儒家文化的气息，你便能由此体验到中国人民与其他民族迥然不同的生活方式、风土人情和理想道德的差异。无论你从哪个角度，哪个层次去探究中华民族的个性与品格，都不难发现儒家文化的基因，在漫长的历史演进过程中，儒家文化几乎成了中国传统文化的代名词。而儒家文化的创始人，就是孔子。

孔子，春秋时代鲁国人，也就是曲阜人，名丘，字仲尼，生于公元前551年，死于公元前479年，享年73岁。孔子3岁时，父亲叔梁纥去世，16岁时，母亲颜征在去世，少年孔子成了孤儿，开始了他在等级森严的封建社会中独自谋生、学习和奋斗的一生。

孔子少年发奋自学，勤而好问，青年时代便掌握了参与贵族政治必须熟悉的礼、乐、射、御、书、数六艺，进而掌握了《诗》、《书》、《礼》、《乐》、《易》、《春秋》六经的内容，为创立儒家文化奠定了基础。

孔子30岁设学授徒，开始了漫长的教育生涯，他首开中国私人讲学、面向民众，提倡“有教无类”之风，成为中国第一位，也是世界上第一位伟大的教育家。

孔子51岁时，才做了中都县令，后来曾在鲁摄相事，然而时间不长，他便辞了官，离开鲁国开始了他长达14年的周游列国之行。

孔子在68岁时回到鲁国，他把几乎全部精力放在了教学和文献整理上，一直到死。孔子的一生是颠沛流离，饱经忧患的一生，是艰苦卓绝、激励奋发的一生，是春风化雨，培育英才的一生，是著书立说，济时救世的一生。如今，他的躯体虽已灰飞烟灭，但他的思想，却潜入每个东方人的心灵，他熔铸了中华民族的个性和品格，随着历史的发展和社会的进步，孔子还将引导着人类，跨向21世纪。

曲阜的文物古迹和旅游景点很多，大部分与孔子和孔子文化有关。现在我们所在的位置是曲阜明故城的正南门外，城门的北面是被称为中国三大古建筑群之一的孔庙。城门的正上方有“万仞宫墙”4个大字。“仞”是古代的长度单位，一仞约等于8尺。据说，有人称赞孔子的弟子子贡很有学问，子贡听说以后，就说：“人的学问好比宫墙，我的学问只有墙头这么高，人们一看便会看见墙内的一切，而我的老师孔子的这道墙有数仞，不找到它的门是不能看到墙内宗庙之美丽、房舍的多种多样”。后人为表达对孔子的敬仰，明代胡缵宗就写了“万仞宫墙”4个字镶在城门上，清代乾隆皇帝为了显示自己对孔子的崇拜，又把胡碑取下，换上了自己写的“万仞宫墙”4个大字。这就是“万仞宫墙”的来历。

孔庙是后人为祭祀孔子而修建的庙宇，始建于孔子死后第2年。面积有327.5亩，仿皇宫之制，分九进院落，左右对称排列，整个建筑群共有五殿、一阁、一坛、两庑、两堂、17座碑亭、54座门坊共466间，南北长约1公里。孔庙恢宏壮丽，面积之大，历史之久，保存之完整，是世界建筑史上的唯一孤例。

三孔导游词二：

女士们!先生们!大家好!我叫某某某。今天，由我来带领你们游览“三孔”：孔府·孔庙·孔林。孔子有句名言：“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎”我有幸担任导游，十分高兴。我将尽力为大家服务，不足之处，请批评改正。在参观三孔之前，请允许我介绍一下曲阜。曲阜地处鲁中小区和鲁西南平原的交界处。大诗人李白曾描写曲阜：“笑夸故人指绝境，山光水色青如兰”。

现在我们参观孔庙。孔庙位于曲阜城中心，是古代人们为了几年孔子生前的伟大思想宽阔的精神品质所建的一座韵味十足的建筑。前后九进院落，占地327.5亩，南北长达1公里;共有建筑466间，54座门坊;加之庙内1700余株古树，一个个直冲云天，听说当时谁敢砍倒一棵，就会以杀头处理。每一棵树，每一个门的名字都含有孔子“仁”的思想。

孔府与孔庙毗邻,是孔子嫡系长子长孙居住的府第,三路布局,九进院落,共有建筑463间,加上后花园,共占地240亩。孔府，也称“衍圣公府”。“衍圣”的意思是说“圣道”、“圣裔”能繁衍接续，进入孔府大门，由此向后孔府分为三路，东路建有一贯堂、慕恩堂、孔氏家庙等;西路是孔府当年接待贵宾和读书习礼的地方，有红萼轩、忠恕堂、安怀堂、花厅等;中路是孔府的主体建筑，前半部为官衙，后半部为内宅。

孔林，是孔子家庭的专用墓地，也是世界上延时最久、规模最大的家庭墓地。占地三千多亩。周围垣墙高3米，厚1.5米，长14.5华里。林内有各种树木10万多株，数百种植物。在万木掩映之中，碑石林立，石像成群，十分壮观。现在自由活动3小时，可以自行游览“三孔”，也可以进行游戏、野餐等活动，但必须保证卫生。参观“三孔”到此结束了!

三孔导游词三：

尊敬的各位游客:

大家好!欢迎来到圣地曲阜!我是你们的导游陈柯润,大家叫我小陈就可以了。今天,就由我来带领你们游览中外闻名的三孔:孔府、孔庙、孔林。孔子有句名言:“有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎?” 我有幸担任导游,十分高兴!我将尽力为大家服好务,如有不足之处,请指出来,我一定尽量改正!

进入孔府的大门,由此向后分为三路,东路建有一贯堂、慕思堂等;西路是孔府当年接待贵宾和读书习礼的地方，有忠恕堂、安怀堂、花厅等;中路大部分都是孔府的主要建筑，前半部分是官衙，后半部分是内宅。

孔庙本是孔氏家庭的家庙，庙内有孔子亲手栽种的桧树，主要建筑是大成殿，殿前有著名的九龙柱和杏坛，后因为孔子受到尊崇，许多封建帝王都到这里来祭祀孔子，现在，我们济宁市政府举办的一年一度的“国际孔子文化节”也都是在这里揭开序幕。

孔林是孔子家里的专用墓地，也是世界上历时最久、规模最大的家庭墓地，占地3000多亩。林中有数百种树木10万多株，在万木掩映之中，碑石林立，石像成群，十分壮观!

好啦，现在开始自由活动三个小时，大家可以自由参观一下，也可以做游戏、购物等，但必须保证卫生，不能乱扔垃圾。

参观三孔的活动至此结束，谢谢大家对我工作的支持!期待大家的再次光临!

第五篇：曲阜三孔导游词

曲阜三孔导游词

尊敬的各位朋友；大家早上好！孔子曰有朋自远方来不亦乐乎。今天我就以孔子的这句名言欢迎大家来到孔子的故乡曲阜参观游览。我是大家的地接导游员，希望通过我的讲解，您能够更好的了解三孔文化。也希望大家在此玩的高兴游得尽兴。在进入景区之前，请允许我为大家简单的介绍一下三孔景区以及曲阜的概况。曲阜位于山东省西南部现有人口62万总面积890平方公里。“曲阜”二字始见于《尔雅》一书，东汉应邵解释说：鲁城中有阜，委曲长七八里，故名“曲阜”。会的导游服务，宋真宗大中祥符5年，也就是公元1012年，为了纪念中华民族的始祖轩辕黄帝在这里出生，曾一度改名“仙源”县，金太宗天会7年又改名叫做曲阜，自此沿用至今。

万仞宫墙：现在我们所在的位置是曲阜明故城的正南门外，这里被叫做万仞宫墙，城门的正上方有“万仞宫墙”4个大字。“仞”是古代的长度单位，一仞约约等于8尺，相当于现在的1.6米。据说，有人称赞孔子的弟子子贡很有学问，子贡听说以后，就说：“人的学问好比宫墙，我的学问只有墙头这么高，而我的老师孔子的这道墙有数仞，不找到它的门是不能看到墙内宗庙之美丽的”。清代乾隆皇帝为了显示自己对孔子的崇拜，命人把自己题写的“万仞宫墙”4个大字挂在墙上。

一．孔庙

孔庙概况：孔庙是祭祀我国春秋时期思想家、政治家、教育家孔子的庙宇，在世界众多祭祀的庙宇当中，孔庙是规模最大，最为古老的它与故宫，避暑山庄并成为中国三大古建筑。孔庙长达1130米，东西最宽处月168米占地面积15万平方米。整个建筑群分为共分九进院落，左右对称排列。共有五殿、一祠、一阁、一坛、两庑、两堂、17座碑亭53做门房，共466间。建筑面积约1万6千平方米。孔庙在世界建筑史上被称为“孤例”。它集历史、建筑文化、艺术、书法、石刻、古墓等为一体。是我国古代劳动者智慧的结晶。是珍贵的历史文化遗产。1961年被国务院公布为第一批文物保护单位。1994年被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产名录。2007年被列为全国5A级旅游景区

“金声玉振”坊：是孔庙的第一道门坊它建于明嘉靖17年，高5.6米长13.5米，柱子是八角形。柱顶雕有披甲神兽护卫“辟天邪”，门楣上的“金声玉振”是明代大书法家胡缵宗的手记。金声玉振这四个字出自孟子。借用孟子的语义，表达了孔子的学问精湛儿完美，如同奏乐的全过程，自始至终完整无缺。古乐是以敲钟开始，以击磬告终的，赞扬孔子的学问如金声玉振一般，金声是钟的声音，表示开始，玉振是磬的声音，表示结束。这也就是办事要有始有终成语的来源。“二柏担一孔”：过玉振坊，这个单孔的石拱桥叫做“泮水桥”，与行宫旁泮水池的水相通，因之演义为“盼水”。过去读孔孟之书，考上高等学府叫“入盼”，做官的盼高升，做买卖盼发财，过日子盼兴旺。桥两边各有一棵古柏，所以人称“二柏担一孔”。桥后东西各有一座石牌，上刻“官员人等至此下马”，人称“下马碑”过去文武官员、庶民百姓从此路过，必须下马下轿，以示对孔子的尊敬 “棂星门”：这座门叫“棂星门”。它是明代所建的。“棂星门”三个字是乾隆所题写的。天上有二八星宿，其中掌管文化的叫做“棂星”又名文曲星。把孔子和天上掌管文化的星连在一起足以证明孔子的文化石最高的。古人祭天，先要祭文曲星。有“尊孔如尊天”的说法。大家看，坊高10.34米宽13米圆柱上下两截，两节相交处加了石强柱支撑，柱头上有四大天王的画像，中间是火焰宝珠。象征此门有上天保护。这道大门时经过重修以后的，由木质改为铁梁石柱。

大中门：大中门是宋朝时期孔庙的正门，到了清代进行了重建“大中门”三个字是由乾隆皇帝题写的。原名叫“宫和门”，后改名“大中门”。大中门面扩5间，是单檐歇山顶的建筑。一方面也可以看到孔庙的不断扩大，一方面可以看到孔庙的历史沿革。

成化碑：现在我们看到的成化碑是孔庙中最著名的一块，这一块是明代成化皇帝朱见深所立。有两个情况引起历代大家名人的注意。一是成化碑正楷字写的好、规范化、标准化，精湛引人，字体笔法有“著称于世”的评语；二是对孔子评价最高，历代皇帝对孔子都有评说，评价最高的是成化皇帝，他把孔子的思想、办法比作吃饭、穿衣、花钱，一天也离不开，有了孔子的道理和办法，就能人尽其才，物尽其用，地尽其力，不然就乱套啦。说有孔子之道则有天下，没孔子之道则无天下，反孔子之道则失天下。

同文门：取“人同心”字同文之意。是说同心协力，团结一致才能干好事业；文字要统一，有统一的文字才能记载历史传播经验，随意造字就会乱套。同文门是奎文阁前的重要屏障。

奎文阁：我们面前的这座木结构建筑名叫“奎文阁”，奎文阁原名藏书楼，是收藏皇帝书记的地方。最早建于宋朝。共三层七间。这座雄伟的建筑完全是木质结构，没有用一钉一铆。像搭积木一样尔建成的在中国楼的建筑史上成为“孤例”。经过几次地震以后，“奎文阁”没有震毁。康熙年间曲阜曾有过一次大地震，“人间房屋倾者九，存者一”，而奎文阁却傲然屹立，安然无恙，由此可见我国古代劳动人民的聪明智慧和高超的建筑艺术。

十三碑亭：我们现在进入孔庙的第六进院落，这里有13座碑亭、55块碑。都是唐、宋、元、明、清各代所立。碑文多为皇帝对孔子的追谥加封、拜庙亲祭、整修庙宇的纪录，用汉文、八思巴文、满文等刻成。清皇帝为了显示自己，把碑亭建在了前面，从而出现了穿插院落的现象。这种犬牙相错，两角相顶的建筑结构是古建筑学上所讲的“勾心斗角”。南边是8块碑，北边是5块。南8北5，所以称为十三碑亭。因为都是皇帝批准的碑亭，所以这里又叫“御碑亭”

大成门：我们现在进入大成门，“大成门”是指今天下之大成，在清朝的时候遭遇火灾而重建，大成门三个字为清雍正皇帝所题写。

先师手植桧：大成门内的桧树，是孔子所手植的。据记载，孔子曾经在这了栽过三棵树，后枯死两棵，这棵树三枯三荣，也有“桧树日茂则孔氏日兴”的说法。“先师手植桧”这五个大字是明万历年间的才子杨光训题写的。杏坛：我们面前的“杏坛”，杏坛是在宋代的时候为了纪念孔子讲学而建的。相传当年孔子是在土台上大杏树下给弟子讲学的，因为在这里周围环绕着杏树所以名曰“杏坛”。在杏坛的亭子里有两块碑其中一块碑正面刻着乾隆皇帝第一次来曲阜的时候写下的“杏坛赋”是楷书，背面为乾隆皇帝第二次来到杏坛所题写的行书。大成殿：矗立在我们面前的大殿就是名扬天下的“大成殿”，它是中国的“三大殿”之一，与北京故宫的“太和殿”，泰山岱庙的“天贶殿”齐名，其雄伟壮丽有过之而无不及。殿高24.8米，阔45.78米，深24.8米，雕梁画栋，金壁辉煌，特别是周围28根石柱，为世界文化瑰宝，均以整石雕刻而成，前面10根为深浮雕，每柱二龙戏珠，盘绕升腾，栩栩如生，刀法刚劲有力，各具变化。过去皇帝来了，孔家人都是将此柱用黄布围裹。怕他们看见了也会自惭不如。两侧及后廊的龙柱为浅浮雕，每柱72条龙，总共1296条。大成殿内供奉着孔子塑像。每年9月26日、9月28日，我们都在这里举行盛大的国际孔子文化节和孔子诞辰纪念仪式，表演大型祭孔乐舞和“箫韶乐舞”，举行丰富多彩的文化、旅游活动，欢迎各位到时光临。两庑：大成殿东西两侧的房子叫“两庑”，是后世供奉先贤先儒的地方。这配享的贤儒大都是后世儒家学派中著名的人物。在唐朝仅有20余人，经过历代增添更换，到民国时，多达156人。这些配享的人原为画像，金代改为塑像，明成化年间一律改为写有名字的木制牌位，供奉在一座座的神龛中。现在两庑中陈列着历代石刻。

寝殿：沿大成殿回廊后转，就来到了寝殿。寝殿是祭祀孔子夫人的地方。是孔庙第三大建筑。孔子妻子是春秋末期宋国人。复姓亓（qi2）官 19岁嫁给了孔子。是位贤妻良母，先于孔子七年去世。被封为“至圣先师夫人”。同孔子一样享受祭祀。寝殿28根石柱上雕有凤凰。每根柱子刻凤凰72只，同龙的数量是一样的。所以叫做“龙凤呈祥”

玉虹楼法贴：这里陈列的572块“玉虹楼法贴”，是清乾隆年间孔子后裔孔继涑收集了历代著名书法家的手迹临摹精刻而成的。这些石刻原置于曲阜“十二府”的玉虹楼内，1951年移入孔庙，1964年装镶展出，供书法爱好者欣赏，具有极高的艺术价值。

圣迹殿：孔庙最后一座建筑。建于明代万历年间，由巡按御史何出光主持建造。殿内共有120幅绘画刻石，反映了孔子一生的主要活动和言论，是我国最早有完整人物故事的石刻连环画。二．孔府

孔府前堂楼：是孔子第76代孙孔令仪及其夫人所居住的地方。在这里您能体会到封建王朝皇宫贵族的起居室。前堂楼现存为清光绪年间重建的楼两侧有东西配楼，是清朝的建筑。堂楼中间挂着孔令仪所书写的四个大字，意思就是孔氏家族长盛不衰，永远保持旺盛的生命力。

孔府：与孔庙毗邻，是孔子嫡系长子长孙居住的府第，三路布局，九进院落，孔府，也称“衍圣公府”。“衍圣”的意思是说“圣道”、“圣裔”能繁衍接续，其子孙可世代相袭、辈辈相衍。清代在进行了大规模的修建。这就是今天人们所看到的我国封建社会中典型的官衙与内宅合一的建筑—孔府。

孔府贪壁：孔府内宅门上有一只像麒麟形状的动物叫做“贪”传说为天间的神兽，据说此兽非常的凶恶，能吞金银财宝尽管在它的脚下和周围全是宝物，但是它还是不满足，还想吃掉天上的太阳，真可谓是“贪得无厌”过去孔府将贪画，画在此处，一出门就能看到也是告诫子孙不要贪赃枉法。

大堂：是当年衍圣公宣读圣旨、接见官员、审理案件，以及节日、寿辰举行仪式的地方，里面陈列的是正一品爵位。北面靠墙的那些红底金字的 牌子，是封爵和特权的象征，俗称“十八块云牌銮架”。历代衍圣公持着这些牌子进京，可以畅行无阻。

二堂：是衍圣公会见四品以上官员和受皇帝委托每年替朝廷考试礼学、乐学童生的地方。屋内七块御制石碑，其中有清道光皇帝手书的“福寿”碑，慈祥太后手书的“寿”字及松鹤图等。

三堂：也叫退厅，是衍圣公处理家庭内部纠纷、处罚府内仆役的场所。屋内正中高悬的“六代含贻”匾额为乾隆皇帝手书，当时孔府六代同堂，此匾意为六代人和睦相处，生活美满。

内宅门：三堂之后，便是孔府的内宅部分，亦称内宅院。内宅门与外界相隔。此门戒备森严，任何外人不得擅自入内。清朝皇帝特赐虎尾棍、燕翅镗、金头玉棍三对兵器，由守门人持武器立于门前，有不遵令擅入者“严惩不贷”。门的西侧还有一个露出墙外特制的水槽--石流，府内规定挑水夫不得进入内宅，只把水倒入槽内隔墙流入内宅。

前上房：是孔府主人接待至亲和近支族人的客厅，也是他们举行家宴和婚丧仪式的主要场所。房内陈设华丽，文物古玩，琳琅满目。

后堂楼：是孔子第七十七代孙孔德成的住室。孔德成1920年出生，出生不到两个月即被当时的大总统徐世昌任命为袭封衍圣公。1935年被南京国民政府改授为“大成至圣先师奉祀官”。1936年与孙琪芳女士结婚。其后大部分时间随国民政府在重庆和南京，1949年大陆解放前夕从南京迁往台湾，曾任台湾考试院院长。

孔府后花园：始建于明弘治十六年，前后经过三次大修，占地50余亩。清嘉庆年间，孔子第七十三代孙、衍圣公孔庆鎔重修时，将数块大型铁矿石置 于园内，所以又称“铁山园”。其中的“五柏抱槐”中间是柏树，周围是槐树所以叫做五柏抱槐。是花园内的一大奇景。以此象征了孔子家族几百年来互爱互助、同舟共济的家族生活

三、孔林

孔林：是孔子及其家族的墓地，是世界上延时最长、规模最大的一处家族墓地。孔林位于曲阜城北泗水之上，占地3000亩。中国古典建筑有四大类型，宫殿、园林、陵墓、寺庙。孔府孔庙集中体现了宫殿、园寺庙的特点，而孔林则是陵墓和园林均而有之。孔庙，孔府显示了孔子思想的博大精深，和大家族的庄严。而孔林则体现了孔子及其后裔过世后的荣耀。自孔子于妻合葬，人植树为孔林之始。经过两千多年70多带的不断的延续拓展，逐渐形成了面积广大的孔氏家族专用墓地孔林。

神道：出去府城的北门，有条大道往前走直通古陵，所以大家称之孔林神道。在古人的观念当中，神道是孔子接受祭祀时，神灵寄出的通道。整个神道青石铺路，神道两边整齐排列着古柏，直到孔林的门前。它们形态各异，始终忠实的毅力在神道两旁。

洙水桥：在我身后的就是洙水桥，而在洙水桥下流经的就是洙水河。因为洙水河流经孔子的墓前，所以于圣脉攸关。被后世誉为圣水。洙水本是古代的一条河流，跟泗水共称为“洙泗”后来成为孟子发祥地的盖成。古洙水河早已经没有了，河上有桥三座，都是平桥中间的一座拱桥在孔子墓前，所以叫做洙水桥。孔子墓甬道：甬道有四对巨型石雕，名曰：华表、文豹、角（lu4）端、翁仲。华表又称“望柱”，是进“天门”的标志。文豹形象似豹，腋下喷火，温顺善良。角（lu4）端传说日行一万八千里，通四方语言，明外方幽远之事。文豹、角端都是想象中的怪兽。翁仲，传说为秦代大将，威震边塞，后为对称，雕文、武两像，用以守墓。甬道尽头大殿是祭祀孔子设香坛的享殿。解放战争时，朱德总司令曾在此召开过军事会议，所以又成为革命历史文物。

孔伋墓：孔子的孙子孔伋是我国战国时期著名的哲学家和思想家，孔子在世时，孔伋尚年幼。孔子死后，孔伋拜曾子为师。曾子，姓曾，名参，是孔子的得意门生，继承了孔子学说的真谛，并传授给孔伋。曾子著有<<大学>>等书。据记载<<论语> >也是以曾子的教学讲义为蓝本，由他的门人弟子编辑而成。孔伋潜心研究孔子学说，著成<<中庸>>一书。孔伋的学生又把孔子思想学说传给孟子，孟子上承孔子之学，著成<<孟子>>一书。以上<<论语>>、<<大学>>、<<中庸>>、<<孟子>>古称“四书”，是儒学经典著作。由此可见孔伋是儒家思想学派承上启下的关键人物。

孔鲤墓：孔子的儿子孔鲤，一生无大作为，年 50岁先孔子去世。但因系“圣人”之子，故被宋徽宗封为“泗水侯”。

孔子墓：孔子墓像一个隆起的马背，称“马鬣封”，是一种特殊尊贵的筑墓形式。孔子墓旁边是其儿子孔鲤墓，和孙孔伋墓。这种墓葬布局为“携子抱孙”。墓前石碑篆刻“大成至圣文宣王墓” 是明正统八年黄养正书。孔子于公元前479年去世，当时鲁国国君称他为“尼父”。这是有别于封号的最尊贵的称号。孔子有封号始于公元元年，汉平帝追封孔子为公爵，称“褒成宣尼公”。此后帝王纷纷给孔子封号，至唐开元二十七年唐玄宗李隆基给孔子谥号“文宣”，始称“文宣王”。到元武帝于大德十一年加封为“大成至圣文宣王”后又称“至圣先师”、“大成至圣先师”等等。历代王朝都为孔子的封号选择了最高的赞誉之词，可见孔子思想学说，对历代统治是何等重要。

子贡庐墓处：孔子墓西三间房屋为子贡庐墓处。子贡，复姓端木，名赐，字子贡，是孔子得意门生之一，也是孔子弟子中善于经商的学生。孔子死后，众弟子为孔子守，独有子贡在此守墓六年。后人为纪念此事，建屋三间，立碑一座，题为“子贡庐墓处”。

至圣林坊：从神道一路走来，走到牌坊边呢，就到了孔林中的至圣林了。这里原名宣盛林。在清朝的时候和孔庙一同改名为至圣林，此坊建于明朝，经多次重修，到现在仍然保持明代早期的建筑特点。彩画精细，显得十分精美。在文化大革命中被毁，1980年复制。

二门：二门市周围不接成华的一个楼 门上匾额写的《恩赐重光》是明代皇帝所颁，因此也叫做重光门。按照请定制，只有在帝王大典，迎接圣旨，或者迎接皇帝的时候，才可以在13响礼炮的过程中将此门打开。两旁的廊坊是仿照封建王朝“六部”所建的“六厅”