短文改错教案

第一篇：短文改错教案

Error CorrectionTeaching Aims: 1.Ability Aims:

⑴ Help the students to improve their ability of finding and correcting

errors.(2)Get the students to use some words and expressions correctly.2.Emotion Aim: Stimulate students’ interests in learning English.Teaching Important Points: ⑴ Help the students to improve their ability of finding and correcting errors.(2)Get the students to use some words and expressions correctly.Teaching Difficult Points: ⑴ Help the students to improve their ability of finding and correcting errors.(2)Get the students to use some words and expressions correctly.Teaching Methods: Individual, pair work to make every student act in class.Teaching Aids: the multimedia

Teaching Procedures: Step1.Greetings : Step2.Presentation Show the following verse about error correction to the students.动词形，名次数，还有注意形和副； 非谓语，细辨别，习惯用法要记住； 句子成分多分析，逻辑错误需关注； 冠词连词常光顾。

Step3.Explanation and Exercises Explain every line of the verse to the students and give the students some exercises.Step3.Summary and Homework

第二篇：短文改错专题教案

短文改错专题

一、短文改错的文章特点

体裁以记叙文为主，句子结构以简单句为主，至少有一个从句，一个并列句，句子总数十句左右。

二、短文改错的错误类型

1、缺（多）词

丢介词、丢（多）to、丢 be

2、错词

词性用错 名词、形容词、副词

词形用错 形容词：原级 比较级 最高级

副词：原级 比较级 最高级

动词：时态错误 主谓不一致 非谓语动词 拼写相似词用错：如beside bedides 具体词用错（主要是用同类词替换）连词用错

代词用错

介词用错

冠词用错

三、短文改错涉及的知识点

1、动词，①主谓一致

②时态： 并列句中，连词（and/but/or）前后动词时态一致！

简单句中，动词时态和前后两句话动词时态一致。

③语态： 物做主语时，注意是否需要改为被动 ④非谓语动词

2、名词，①单复数

②名词变词性，变为形容词或副词（直接变副词很少见）③名词变所有格，单数加 ’s，复数加 ’

3、代词，①人称代词主宾格、单复数、逻辑对象

②不定代词肯否定

③反身代词单复数、逻辑对象

④物主代词形容词性物主代词还是名词性物主代词、逻辑对象

注：逻辑对象是指按照行文逻辑能够明确的对象。比如说通过上下文可以知道是“和他说话”，但短文中却说talk with me，就是明显的逻辑对象错误。改错中常出现混淆逻辑对象的情况。

4、形容词，①名词与形容词、形容词与副词词性互变

②形容词使用原级、比较级、最高级

5、副词，①副词与形容词词性互变

②副词原形、比较级、最高级

6、冠词，①使用冠词、不使用冠词

②使用定冠词、使用不定冠词 ③使用a、使用an

7、连词，①语法错用，that和what的用法

②逻辑关系错用，and、but、or ③意思错用，如状语从句中明明是时间却用where等。

8、介词，①固定搭配错误

②意思错误，语法上可搭配，语意不通。③介词缺失

④介词多余，及物动词后不加介词

四、短文改错的做题方法

1、步骤： 1快速通读全文,切忌拿来就改。三看：看人（人称）、看事（短文意思）、看时间（行文时态）

2分句阅读，逐行找错。三不：不多（每句或每行的错误数一般不超过2个）、不少（哪句没有 错误要重点回看）、不重复（类型不重复、词不重复）3重读修改后短文。三看：看语法、看逻辑、看拼写。

2、具体找错方法：顺成分→顺词→顺意思，交叉进行。

顺成分：即按照句子的成分梳理每一句。主要找主谓一致、谓语动词时态。顺词：按照词性梳理每个词或词组。主要找单复数、固定搭配。

顺意思：按照上下文逻辑梳理整个句子意思。主要找逻辑错误、语法错误。

举例：When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years late.思维过程：（此时通过预读已知道行文的时态）I was a very young children，children是复数，和I、a不搭配，修改为单数child。my father created没有错误，时态正确。a regular practice 单复数搭配正确，regular词性正确。a regular practice I remember well years late.句子很长，且没有连词，考虑是否是缺少连词的从句或者是可以省略连词的从句。此时不管能不能确定都应继续看完句子，发现years late使用错误，years later为固定用法，意为“很多年后”。如果读完句子没发现其他错误，则先将上一处标记，等修改完全文再回看。

Every time he arrived home at end of the day ,we’d greet her at the door.思维过程：Every time 正确，he arrived home 时态正确at end of the day，at使用正确，end of the day使用错误，应为the end of the day，加上the;继续看 发现her是一个明显的错误，改为him；

He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us, then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers.思维过程：长句子，马上想到从句连词的问题。但不要着急，还是从头看。He would ask没有错误 who we was主谓不一致，was改为were； and pretend not to knowing us, pretend是原形，是用错了吗？再看到前面有would，and，那么pretend应该和ask同为原形，没有错误。（看到ing形式和ed形式都要格外留心）想到to后面动词形式的问题，一般为原形，再看前面的动词pertend，判断为pretend to do sth.所以把knowing改为know。如果不知道这个表达方式，将此处标记，改完回看。接下来一个长句，先看then使用正确，then he and my mother（时刻注意主语的数）would have had a drink，此处发现为would have done的形式，该形式意思为对过去已发生的事情的推测，文中意思显然不是推测，只是陈述事实，所以去掉had。while 使用正确，表两端动作同时进行she prepared dinner时态正确，and they would talk about his day and hers.没有错误，would后使用动词原形，hers名词性物主代词使用正确。

While they chat, my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.It was both excited and frightening to be up there！

思维过程：While they chat，动词时态错误，改为chatted，my father would lift，would后动词原形，没有错误，my sister and me up，up为lift的固定搭配，to sit in the top of the fridge.看到介词就要注意，这里有介词in，在继续看后面是top，明显不能用in the top of，改为on。It was both excited and frightening to be up there！思维过程：It was 时态正确，看到both …and…的结构注意两边结构一致的问题。发现两边结构不一致，excited 和frightening要修改一个。根据这两个类型形容词的使用方法（见附录一：

四、形容词、副词一节）将excited 改为exciting.全部改完之后，将确定的错误数计算出来，再回看不确定的地方。

五、短文改错的做题原则和技巧

1、错点分布： 名词1 代词1 冠词 1 介词1 连词1 形容词+副词2—3 动词 谓语动词 时态 1 语态1 /0 非谓语动词1

2、主要原则

1）增一删一改八个（增删总数一般是2个最多超过3个），不多不少不重复。2）三不改：①标点符号不改，②大小写不改，③生词不改（有汉语注释的）。

3做题技巧

1）实词变性或变形，虚词增减或替换。2）特殊形式要警惕，时态复杂有猫腻。（特殊形式比如词的ing形式 ed形式 复数形式）3）并列、平行要统一，前后一致才平衡。即一碗水端平：并列结构或者平行结构的几组词或表达法有统一性，可以根据其中一个判断另一个（几个）。

附录一：高频考点

一、【名词】

 work（工作不可数；作品可数）, job（可数）

 time（时间不可数；次数可数）, hour, year, month, day  student, classmate, friend（别忘了+s） side, place（都是可数名词）

 eyes, parents, feet, cheeks, shoes，shoulders…（这些都是一定+s的，parent是单亲，cheek是一个脸蛋，想想用单数有多诡异~） grade（年级不可数；分数可数 +s） people（这是个复数名词，单数 person）, family（表示家人时，单复数写法相同，都是family）, kind（种类，可数名词）

 thanks, regards, wishes, congratulations（感谢类名词永远都要+s）

二、【代词】

 he-she  me – mine  we – I 单复改点

 one – it 泛指/特指 改点（不定代词/指代词） some – any 肯定/ 否定句  little – few 不可数-可数

 the other – others – the others（另一个【特指】，其他的【泛指】，另外那些【特指】） each / every+ 单数n

三、【冠词】

1.the和 same 要连用，比如，This is the same present.2.形容词最高级前the/a 均可（意思有差别“最/非常”） the most disgusting affair 最恶心的事儿  a most disgusting affair 非常恶心的事儿 3.固定搭配，注意冠词。

 get into trouble 惹麻烦  at an early age 小时候  have a rest 休息一下  catch sight of 看见  go for a walk 去散步  in fact 事实上

 hit sb.on the head/face/leg 击打某人的头/脸/腿  once upon a time 很久很久以前

四、【形容词、副词】

1、形容词与副词的混用，形容词只可以修饰名词和代词，副词不可以修饰名词和代词！

2、形容词/副词，比较级/最高级问题（1）搭配

比较级中–er或more与than搭配；最高级中the/a/an与-est或most搭配。

 He hopes to create an environment for his students that is much relaxing than the one he used to study in.〖much改为more〗（2）more与-er不共存

 Our country will become more brighter in the coming future.〖more去掉〗（3）as……as… 同级比较用原级，前一个as可省略。

 So now I am spending as more time as I can with other people who like to play.〖more改为much或去掉more〗

3、形容词的so 与such 结构 so + adj +(a/an)+ n such +(a/an)+ adj + n I have never seen so an abnormal text like this.〖so改such〗

4、-ing和-ed两类形容词用法

surprise/interest/disappoint/excite/encourage/ frighten  I am suprised/ intetested/ disappointed/ excited/ encouraged/ frightened  It is surprising/ interesting/ disappointing/ exciting/ encouraging/ frightening

五、【动词】

1、固定搭配中的动词【注意是to do还是do】

 ’d better + do 最好做某事

 have/let/make sb.do 让某人做某事  would rather + do 宁愿做某事

 want + to do;come + to do;would like + to do  used to +do（过去常常，曾经的习惯，已结束）

 be（was/were/is/are）… used to + doing（习惯做某事，表示习惯的持续）

2、以下这些词要加 …doing形式做宾语

avoid, enjoy, understand, risk, appreciate, image, look forward to, spend on, insist on

3、see sb do变被动后 —— sb is seen to do主动不要to，被动要to。

六、【介词】

1、及物动词后不能加介词，常错点enter into；return back；reach at（这几个介词看见请通通划掉）

2、介词+ 动词-ing形式

七、多词缺词

1、丢冠词：单数可数名词，必须有冠词

2、丢介词：“不及物动词”后接宾语时，漏加必要的介词。

3、丢 to ：want to do ； come to do

4、丢 be ：（1）漏掉be done 被动结构中的be（2）漏掉will be 系表结构中的be

5、漏掉常用结构中的介词：a lot of , because of , insist on

第三篇：短文改错

短文改错

（一）I am interested at swimming very much.At first, I went swimming just to keep health.Now my dream was to swim for my country in the Olympics.Though practicing in the pool is very bored, but I still work very hard in order to realize my dream.Because my hard work, I have already come first in much important competitions.In the competitions, I’ve made lot of friends and we’re very close.It’s much easier to have friends which are swimmers because they also have to get up early to practice like you and they understand this kind of life.短文改错

（二）One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing.Tony was scared and begun to cry.A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop.Five minutes later.Tony saw parents.Mom said,” How nice to see you again!Dad and I were terrible worried.” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.短文改错

（三）Last summer vacation, I went on a school trip with mine classmates.We visited a farm in a countryside.We took a bus for a while, and then we walked here.We saw a lot of different kinds trees and villages along the way.Some farmers were worked hard in the farm when we arrived.One of the farmer showed us around, introducing differently crops to us.We fed chickens, picked some green apples and took up many beautiful photos.It was really interesting and at the same time, I learned a lot about farming.What an excited school trip!

短文改错

（四）I’ve been playing baseball for six year and I’m the only girl on an all-boys baseball team.Our strict coach wants us do our best when we are playing.So it’s not always about winning.He also tells us to just smile and enjoyed ourselves.I take advice he gives me and bring them to my game.Some people say girls can’t play baseball.Hear that doesn’t get me mad.Instead, it makes me play more harder.I want to be knew for being a good player, not just for being the only girl on the team.If you’re a girl who want to play ball, just play you heart out!

短文改错

（五）My uncle drove his car meet his friends.When he found there was still some time leaving before the train had arrived, he wanted to take a short sleep.He was falling sleep when a woman came and asked him the time.He opened his eye and answered, “Half past eight.” With a “Thank you!” a woman left.On a short while this happened again.So my uncle wrote “I don’t know the time” on a piece of paper and put them on the window of the car.A few minutes late, an old man came and woke him up, “Hi, young man.I can tell you that time it is.It’s nine o’clock now.”

短文改错

（六）When I began my senior high school years, I had difficulty to learning English.I dared not speak English in the public because of my poor pronounce.I could not get high marks, but I always used bad grammar.Afraid of be laughed at, I never put up my hand answer questions in class.When my English teacher Miss Li learned about this, she encouraged me and lend me a hand, that helped improve my English.With her help, I became interest in English and finally got high marks.Miss Li, like a shining star, shines on her path to success.短文改错

（七）Dear Tim, How time flies!It has been a month since you go to America.What is everything going? Next weekend I will take part in a national English speaking competition to be holding in Shanghai.It will be a good chance to improve your English and make friends with students from other part of China.But right now I’m not sure that I can remember all the words for a competition.Anyway, I will hope I can get a good result.I am looking forward seeing you again and hope we can have a true great time then.Yours, Li Hua

短文改错

（八）As a service dog, Sandy’s job is help manage a medical condition I have.My condition can be dangerously.When something bad happen, Sandy will tell my parents immediately.Of course, I help take care of Sandy, too.I feed him, walk him, but even take him just about everywhere I go.If I don’t bring Sandy to me, he will get upset.Once he stays with my grandparents for a few hours while my parents and I went to the beach.Sandy was upset in the whole time.He never stopped look for me.When I got home, he was such happy that he rushed to me.I love his dog very much.4

第四篇：短文改错

短文改错

高考英语短文改错题要求考生判断一篇短文中十行(自1995年以来)文字是否有错，如果有错误就将其改正。

此题型旨在测试考生发现、判断并改正短文中错误的能力，以及考查考生准确运用词法、句法、行文逻辑等的综合能力。

本题型侧重考查考生的词汇和语法基础知识，但并不是单纯的知识检测，而是考查考生在阅读的过程中运用语法知识解决实际问题的能力。

纵观近几年高考短文改错，不难发现其设题方式比较固定：正确为1个，多词或缺词共计3个，错词为6个，其比例为1：3:6。

下面引用近几年的高考题来分析一下此题的三种错误类型：多词、缺词和错词。

一、多词

1.多冠词

(l)Suddenly,I caught a sight of my English teacherin the crowd.【解析lsight是不可数名词，且catch sight of是固定搭配，意为“看见”。

(2)For e】cample, when l was a child, the rain was amystery.【解析】，am为不可数名词，泛指时前面不用冠词。

【知识拓宽】

(1)不可数名词表示泛指时不用冠词。

Modern people know more about the health, havebetter food，and„

(2)与by连用的交通工具及air，land，sea等名词前不用冠词。

by bike骑自行车，by sea由海路，乘船

(3)有些名词(如school，class，hospital，church，prison，bed，table，town等)与相应介词连用，表示进行和这些词直接相关的活动时，前不用冠词。

___ _去上学，_______坐牢，_______在吃饭

(4)球类运动、棋类游戏前，不用冠词。

___ _打篮球，_______下棋

(5)mo。t副词作“非常”解时，前面不用定冠词the。

She is most pretty.她非常漂亮。

(6)。或though引导让步状语从句，构成倒装结构，前置的单数名词前不用任何冠词。

Child as he is,he knows a lot.虽然他只是孩子，知道的却很多。

2.多介词

(l)ln fact,they are planning to visit China in next yeaL

(2)We practice for three times every week..(3)So l'm really sorry that l won't be able to come inthis time.【解析】以上三例都是作时间状语的名词短语前多了介词。

(4)„but we do not seem to get much time to talkabout together.【解析】talk about意为“谈到„„”，是及物动词短语，后须接介词宾语，但根据本句语境，此处不必接宾语，故去掉about。

【知识拓宽】

(1)last night, next week, this year, one day,threetimes等名词词组直接充当时间状语，前面不用介词。

(2)有些动词在汉语中是不及物动词，在英语中却是及物动词，由于受汉语影响，可能多一个介词。

serve for the people, follow after the teacher, marrywith her,make him as our monitor,play with Tom in amatch(画线介词多余)

(3)有些表示地点的副词，其意义中已包含to，如果再加to，则多余。

on one's way to there, return to home, go to upstairs(画线介词均多余)

(4)有些副词或介词词组后加另一个介词，构成复合介词，若后面没有介词宾语，介词则多余。同样，有些动词短语是“动词十介词”结构，若后面没有介词宾语，介词则多余。

①If you won’t go，I'll go instead of.(画线介词多余)

②She listened to but heard nothing(画线介词多余)

(5)有些动词或形容词后接名词或代词时，须加一个介词，但接从句时，必须去掉介词。

①l never knew about a ride down a river could be soexciting.(画线介词多余)

②I am sorry for that he won't come(画线介词多余)

3.词义重叠

(1)Whenever I see them l will often think of myEnglish teacher.【解析】在whenever l see them这一时间状语从句后再用often显得重复，应去掉。

(2)1'11 spend all the whole weekend reading andpreparing for it.【解析】the whole weekend意为“整个周末”，再加上all，词义重叠。

【知识拓宽】

(1)有些词受汉语影响，多一副词或介词，造成词义重叠。

return back回来，repeat again重复，flee away逃走，enter into进入，blue color蓝色，stop down停下来，raiseup举起来，unpack open打开

(2)定语从句中的一个名词，已由关系代词取代，再用其替代词是多余的。

I do remember you having apologized to the old lady Imet her last week

(3)单音节的形容词或副词比较等级加-er.-est，多音节加more、most，但二者不能同时重叠使用。

As a result, people in the modern world generally livemuch more longer than people in the past.4.出现冗言现象

(l)Today l visited the Smiths-my first time visit toan American family.【解析】本句中的first修饰visit，visit此处为名词，意为“我的第一次访问”，time多余。

(2)Now I can't watch much television,but„【解析】根据上下文，此处应是“我根本不能看电视”，因此受汉语影响，多了much，造成冗言。

【知识拓宽】

(1)状语从句与主句之间多一并列连词。

①Though he tried his best, but he failed.②The more he has, and the more he wants.(2)充当状语的介词短语与主句之间多一关系代词或关系副词。

①In the last five years that they have climbed churches一②„in other places where you are limited to a certainnumber...(3)充当状语的分词与主句之间多一并列连词。

Sitting down,and he began to work.(4)从属连词后多一个that。

She was absent from the meeting because that she was ilL(5)复合宾语前多一个that。

I found that her lying on the ground.5.固定搭配中多词

(1)I was used to watch it every night.【解析】此处属于used to do与be used to两个固定搭配的误用，应去掉was，取“过去常常”之意。

(2)„in any other words,Iam only a child.【解析lin other words为固定搭配，意为“换句话说”，而any other意为“任何别的„„”，与本文上下文不符。

6.行文逻辑上多词First, let me tell you something more about myself.【解析】由first可知是刚开始向别人讲述自己的故事，故只能说something，而不能加more。

二、缺词

1.名词前缺限定词

(1)Each player must obey^captain, who is theleader of the team.the【解析】此处应加上the，特指“球队的队长”。

(2)The day before the speech contest^Englishteacher talked to me.my【解析】根据上下文分析，此处English teacher是有所指的，指的是“我的”英语老师，故加上my，表达一个更确切的概念。

(3)I'1I take this chance to wish you^ wonderful timeon your birthday.a【解析lwish sb.awonderful time为固定搭配，意为“祝某人玩得愉快”。

【知识拓宽】

(1)在“so+形容词十可数名词单数”结构中，名词前不能缺a或an。

This is so good a book that we will buy it.=This is such a good book that we will buy it.(2)little,few表示肯定时，前面不能缺a，意为“一些”。

如a little water，但是“每隔几分钟”应说成every fewminutesa

(3)有些不可数名词(如metal, beauty, iron, tea,coffee, ice, youth, pleasure, success, failure等)，表示“一种”“一个“一份”时，应加上a或an。

Work is a pleasure to me.(4)“the+姓氏复数”表示一家人时，the不能省。

The Browns like to go skating.(5)表示“两者之中比较„„的一个”时，比较级前应加the。

He is the taller of the two boys.(6)在句中可数名词不可单独使用，前面应有限定词，如his,that,Tom's,the,a等。

When we walked to the car, Bill smiled and shook^head.his2.缺动词不定式符号to(1)I'd like very much^come but I have anexamination on Monday morning.to【解析】like后面不能直接加动词，需加to，构成固定搭配“would like to do”，意为“想做„„”。

(2)一.and will do all they can^ make sure that l geta good education to【解析】不定式作目的状语，不定式符号to不可省。

【知识拓宽】

(1)不定式作后置定语，不定式符号to不能省。

But then there are always more mysteriesAlook into:_____to

(2)-般说来，两个实义动词不能并列使用，中间常用to连接。

①7Ihe World Health()rganization and other organizationsare workingAimprove health all over the world_____to

②i had always wantedA retum to the village _____to

(3)feel, hear, let, make,have, see, notice, watch,ob。rv。等动词变成被动结构时，充当主语补足语的不定式不能省去to。

Little Tom was made to do heavy work

(4)为了避免重复前面的动词，后面的不定式常常省略，但要保留不定式符号to。

We wanted to go to the lecture, but we weren't able to

3.缺系动词

(l)neyA eager to Imow everything about China：.'were【解析】eager为形容词，必须加系动词构成系表结构。

(2)What^ your favourite sport?IS【解析】本句缺谓语动词，应加is。

(3)I'd like to^ your pen-friend, and.be/become【解析】本句考查I'd like to do结构，根据上下文，必须加上系动词。

【知识拓宽】

(1)由于受汉语语法规则的影响，有些形容词作表语时，常常缺少系动词。

She is afraid of her boss.(2)在被动结构中，由于缺少助动词，变成了主动语态，造成错误。

„and let you know when the book you want has^returned and is ready for you to pick up.been4.缺介词(l)We must keep in mind that we play for the teaminstead^ ourselves._____ of【解析linstead of为固定短语，意为“而非，而不是”，后接宾语。

(2)„but the others spent a lotA time arguing_____of【解析la lot of是固定习语，意为“许多，大量”，后加宾语。

【知识拓宽】

改错题对介词的考查，重点是一些固定搭配，再如：

WhenI have free timeI go^along walk..for，因此，同学们在学习和复习中应牢记一些固定搭配。

5.缺连词In one class,l learned^ it rained.why【解析】本句因缺连词而造成句子成分残缺，只有加上why，句子的意义才完整。

【知识拓宽】

(1)在汉语中，分句与分句之间往往不用连词，但在英语中却不行。

It began to rain,^ they had to stop working.and

(2)受母语影响，几个同类词并列连用时，它们之间往往缺一连词。

CDi told Mother, Father, Sister,^ all my friends herewhat a great time I had.and②He looked inside but saw nothing.(3)that引导的主语从句置于句首时，that常常不能省。

That light travels in straight line is known to all.(4)引导同位语从句的连词that，when等常不可省。

(DThe doctors came to the conclusion that the patientwas suffering from cancer.②i have no idea when he will return(5)在even if，even though，as if'as though等短语中，第二个连词不能少。

He walks as if/though he were drunk

三、错词

1.可数名词单复数误用

(l)They were eager to know everything about Chinaand asked me lots of question

(2)We study quite a few subject, such as maths,Chinese, English and physics.(3)We practise three times every week and oftenwatch football match on TV together.(4)She said that she and my schoolmate' all.wishedme success,.(5)„so that l'11 get good marks in all my subject.___

(6)„and many happy return of the day_____

(7)I used to love science class-all of them-biology,chemistry, geography, physics.【知识拓宽】

对名词单复数的考查是高考的热点之一，几乎每年考查一处。因此，为了对名词错误判断准确，应该：

(1)弄清名词是可数名词还是不可数名词。

We stopped to rest for a while and to drink somewaters from a stream water

(2)掌握好可数名词复数的变化规则。

There are branch library in many villages libraries

(3)要熟练运用名词的所有格。

2.时态误用

(l)We havea good tinte talking and laughing together.had

(2)I learn about you from my English teacher, MissFang.learned

(3)I was a member of our school football team am

(4)I arn happy with any programme but the othersspent a lot of time...was

(5)I remembered her words and calm down calmed

(6)They did not want me to do any w,ork at home do【知识拓宽】

动词时态是短文改错考查的热点之一，一般说来每年考查一处，而且近几年高考主要考查现在时与过去时的使用，再如：I had an examination on Monday moming.have

3.非谓语动词误用

(l)It was very kind of them to meet me.at the railwaystation and drove meto their home drive

(2)I look forward to hear from you soon hearing

(3)Play football not only makes us grow up...Playing

(4)I was often alittle tired after a day's work andwatch TV demands very little effort.watching【知识拓宽】

(1)由以上考例可见，v.-mg形式作主语、宾语或状语是考查的热点。

CDi'ii spend the whole weekend reading and preparefor it.preparing②After learn the basics of the subject, nothing elseseemed very practical to me.learning

(2)过去分词与现在分词的区别是另一考查热点。此时重点要看分词与主语或逻辑主语的关系。

①After an hour or so, we began to feel veryfrightening.frightened②„but now l am interesting in football.interested(3)被动语态中的过去分词误用成动词原形。

Books may be keep for four weeks.kept(4)掌握好动词不定式带to与不带to的差异。

(5)有些动词后接不定式，有些动词后接动名词，应分别牢记这些动词。

4.主谓不一致

(1)Playing football not only makes us grow up talland strong but alsoglve us a sense of fair play and teamspirit.gives

(2)Now my picture and the prize is hanging in thelibrary.are【知识拓宽】

(1)谓语动词的单复数一般取决于前面主语的单复数。

Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing toborrow them.costs

(2)not only;一but also, neither.—nor.一，either.or..-等并列连词连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数应采取就近一致原则。

(3)There be结构中，谓语动词也应采取就近一致原则。

But then there is always more mysteries to look into.are

(4)注意把集合名词(如family，class，team等)和不定代词(如all，none等)放在具体语境中，判断其谓语动词的单复数。

5.代词不一致

(l)The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.their

(2)And they must not break the rules too often if wewant to win the game.we(3)Now someone at home reads instead.everyone/everybody【知识拓宽】

(1)根据上下文判断，出现了代词不一致。

①1 felt that it helped me understand how the worldworks.they②They have been to Europe many timesWe

(2)倾向于考查学生对不定代词、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词以及代词的主格与宾格等诸方面知识的掌握与运用能力。

And I can’t forget the good food you cooked forl me

(3)人称代词性别上的误用也是常见的错误形式之一。

6.连词误用

(l)~esaid that she and my schoolmates all wished mesuccass,but it didn’t matter thatI would win or notwhether【解析】it为形式主语，whether l would win or not是真正的主语，意为“我是否能赢”。

(2)lt looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor andaguest.or【解析】句意为：看起来我的父母亲把我当成了“visitor”或“guest”。二者为选择关系而非并列关系，故将and改为or。

(3)It is a very important exam butI can't afford tofail it.and/so【解析】此处应是并列或因果关系，而非转折关系。

【知识拓宽】

(1)正确掌握各连词的含义及其在从句中的应用。

①„because I felt that they helped me understandwhat the world works.how②Most people can quickly get help from a doctor orgo to a hospital sir ce they areill when/if

(2)熟练应用表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系的连词：and, or, but, so, therefore, however等.①She was smiling but nodding at me.and②Therefore, there are still some countries wherepeople have shorter lives.However

(3)弄清whether和if的含义及用法区别。

„and whether you pay the cost of sending apostcard,the librarian will write to you.if

7.关系代词与关系副词误用

I live inBeijing,where is the capital of China.which【解析】此处是非限制性定语从句，关系代词which作主语。

【知识拓宽】

(1)正确区分关系代词之间的区别，尤其是that和which的区别。

„in other places you are limited to.a certainnumber, of that some may be novels.which

(2)正确区分关系代词与关系副词的区别，并掌握它们的用法。

However,there are still some countries there peoplehave shorter lives.where

8.词性误用

(1)Also the sport teaches us the important ofobedience.importance【解析】本句应该用名词importance作动词teach的直接宾语。

(2)Unfortunate, there are too many people in myfamily.Unfortunately【解析】此处应该用副词unfortunately作状语，意为“不幸的是”。

(3)After learning the basics of the subject,nothingelse seemed very practically to me.practical【解析】。eem为系动词，后面应接形容词作表语。

【知识拓宽】

词性误用指的是动词与名词混淆，副词与形容词混淆等。这就要求我们在平时学习中重视词性及各类词在句中的基本功能。再如：

I'm sure we'IIhave 8 wonderfully time together.wonderful

9.限定词误用

(1)Today I visited the Smiths-my first visit to aAmerican family.an【解析】American为元音音素开头的单词，故应用部定冠词 an

(2)wemay be one family and live under a sameroof，„the【解析】same意为“同样的”，前面应加定冠词the。

10.近义词混用They did not want me to do any work at family......home【解析】family侧重指“家庭这个结构或家里的人。，而home则侧重指“家庭的所在地”。因此，“在家里”应用athome。

【知识拓宽】

在英语中，有许多同义词、近义词和反义词，在平时学习中应抓好基础，牢记每一个词的基本含义。再如：.Uncle Ben will alsogo back for Christmas.come总之，平时学习中应加强对基础知识的积累，熟练掌握高考词汇、基本词法、句法，同时还应加强阅读能力的训练。因为，较快的阅读速度、较好的语感和牢固的基础知识是做好短文改错的重要前提。平时训练短文改错时，不应只是为了做题而做题，而应善于总结、摸索答题的规律。

参考答案

一、1.(3)go to school;in prison;at table(4)play basketball;play chess

三、1.(1)question-*questions(2)subject—subjects(3)match-*matches(4)schoolmate—+ schoolmates(5)subject-+ subjects(6)return—.retums(7)class-classes

第五篇：短文改错24-41

24.Our neighbor has two sweet dogs which seems lovely.I fell in love with the at the moment I saw them.For several days, I had been able to ask them to come near me by offer ‘doggie treats’.Today all of them took treats from my hand.I was happy that I was able to final gain their trust.It occurs to me that there are people of my acquaintance also seem fearful, and distant for me.I promise today that I will not judge them, and will simply extend my hand.I hope that they will trust their attempts at friendship.25.I was sitting on the train commuting to work in this morning.I notice a lady who was pregnant.However, no one offered him a seat, even those who were sitting in the disabled seats.I was really enjoying sit down as I suffered vertigo and struggled bear it on the train.However, I eventual offered my seat and stood for my commute.To be honesty, my feet hurt badly.But I did feel such good because I let someone who needed a seat much more than me have what she needed.If someone needs help in the future, I can’t still lend a hand.I have to share this wonderful story sharing by my cousin Jane.She is in her first competition and went into a panic when another one swimmer swam over her.She felt very frightened and call out to the life guard.Immediate a 17-year-old young man jumped in and came near him and talked to her.He said “I can’t touch you and you won’t be qualified.However, if you like, I will swim a rest of the way with you”.And he did that, and my precious cousin was able finish her challenge.Isn’t that absolute wonderful?

Yesterday, I got an opportunity help an injured neighbor.His right leg was injuring with some major infection.Obviously, he was seemed very worried, for no one else was at home.So I took her to hospital at once.When we arrived there, I discuss his treatment with a doctor.The doctor advised him to receive proper treatment or to rest for a long time, that I thought was quite right.I either bought some medicines for him.Three hours passed quickly before I had everything arrange.Then I drove home, tried but happily.To help children living in poor mountainous areas, the Students’ Union organize an activity of donating books.It took place in our school hall in the afternoon of last Saturday.Students present were very pleasing to be able to help those children.And some of it wrote encouraging words on the donated books.Meanwhile, they expected the Students’ Union organize this activity as often as possibly.At last, we received about five hundred book.The activity turns out to be the success.Because of not only does it help those children in poor mountainous areas but also lets us treasure which we have now.Today was so a peaceful day.I go to see my friend and her boyfriend earlier in the day.She is getting her kidney stone remove later this week.I wanted to spend some times with her before the operation.Her boyfriend is recovering from her own surgery from 2 weeks before.I brought her some sweet food or a pair of earrings.In the return she sent me home with a cake.I had a small piece and it was deliciously.I plan share the cake with others tomorrow.I was laying on my bed relaxing after a long day.Music was playing and I was taking the time to reading a book.Just as I turned on the page an old song started playing who always reminded me of Mom.I put the book down but listened.Mom had been died for 23 years, but sometimes I still felt like it was only yesterday.I closed my eye and allowed the flood of memories to wash over me.And my heart ached as I thought of how I still missed him.I wiped the tears from my cheeks as song finished.Then I looked out of my window at the night sky, and send an “I love you, Mom” from my lips to Heaven’s ear.31

I was having a rough morning, feeling rather tiring.So I went to our school coffee’s shop to calm down.I was in my own world, and then saw the woman in front of me in line.She tells the cashier that she was going to pay for whichever I wanted to get.I was grateful and rather confused.As a result, I asked him why.In my surprise, she said, “You are a student, right? This is my way helping students.” I was touched and what she had said really made me happy.32

I went to a supermarket nearby to buy few things.There were two lady collecting food for a winter food drive for a charity.I had bought a few cans of food and two chocolate bars, where I handed to them.I thanked them for spend time at their weekends collecting for those in need.They all smiled and thanked me.They said it was just that they needed.Honestly spoken, their kind action really touched me.After this experience I wouldn’t have done that, but now I’m brave enough for personally greetings and eye contact

Today I got stick behind a mini bus on the narrow street of my neighborhood.As I sat there angrily, I had looked up and saw a man.He was wearing an uniform coming out of a house.I could tell that the bus block my way was for him.He turned around and waved goodbye to his very elderly mother whom was watching him from the house.Then, as he was about board the bus, he turned, smiled, and waved at myself.My anger left and tear were rolling as I smiled and waved back.I was late for work but I had the good day ever!I smiled to everyone I saw.34

In July 21, I, together with some people gathered at Youth Square at 5 am.Then we boarded a bus, where took us to Wuling Mountain, taking us two and a half hour.To tell the truth, Wuling Mountain is a really attractive spot, where the scene was beautiful enough.When first climbing mountain, I felt excited, and walked fast, only take some pictures now and then.There was a large number of tourists that day, making the path crowded.At noon, I had a simply lunch, for I took some food with me.We had returned at four o’clock, laughing and talking.Tired but happy, we arrived home safely and sound.35

I like many sport.But swimming is my favorite sport.When I am six years old, my parents often took me to a swimming pool.He taught me how to swim and told me not be afraid of water.Later I became very interesting in swimming.Now I go swim every afternoon in the swimming pool.Swimming is really a great fun.Unless you swim in the water, you will feel like a lovely fish, feeling very free.In the way, I took part in the swimming match last week in our city.But I won the match!

We had moved house 9 months ago.Before that we had lived in a same house for 20 years.Our next-door neighbours have lived in their house even long, so we have known them for the full 20 years.They are a lovely retire couple, Bob and Jean.Bob has just gone in hospital because of a serious illness and is not expected live.We took a 2-hour-round trip to visit her on Sunday in hospital.We sang some happy songs so told him all our news.However, we couldn’t hold back tear.Then we hugged and cried together, Jean including.37

It was cloudy day with little rain in the air.I stood at the roadside waiting for a taxi while suddenly I felt a voice beside me.It was a boy who was wearing poor cloth.I felt very disgusted that I tried to pull myself away.The boy kept follow me shouting out “Big brother!Big brother!” and I didn’t answer him at all.I heard him call out again, which makes me angry.So I shouted at him that we had no money to spare.However, the boy said to me, “Brother, will you please to help me cross the road!” I held the boy’s hand firm and helped him cross the road.38

After fill my gas tank I walked in to pay.The mother of the girls were digging through her purse.She had bought some small snacks for her children but still needed five more dollar to pay for them.She sighed and started to pick out the snacks to put it back.“I got it,” I said and put the money on the counter.The Mom turned and looked me with watery eyes.Then sudden she stepped forward and hugged me.I felt the burst of warmth in my heart.The Mom let me to go and said, “Thank you.” She smiled, grabbed the snacks and hurry out to her children.I stood there watching them leave.39

I stare from the window of my hotel room.A older gentleman was helping a young girl as she struggled walk down the beach.I ate in the hotel restaurant in that evening.I watched as the same young girl continued to get up from the table and reach for her walker.She grasped it firmly with both hand, leaning heavy.She made her way out of the restaurant, smile.As I drank me coffee in the hall the next morning.I noticed a sign saying “Special Olympics Relays”.Ah, I thought, that mustn’t be what the walking lessons were all about.40

On the morning of the Olympics, I felt forcing to watch Elizabeth’s Olympic event.I cheered as she crossed a finish line—the second place.She smiled as she stood on the award platform, and tears slipped down his cheeks.She told the crowd, “I especially want thank my grandpa for believing in me when I have no one else.” I found her late.I said, “Congratulation!” As we talked, she said that she and her parents were hit by a drunken driver at three years ago.She was the only survivor.Elizabeth smiled but hugged her grandpa.“Everyone gave up hope whether I would walk again.My grandpa was the only one who doesn’t.”

Yesterday afternoon, I went back home and found the door to my house opened.On the doormat was a pair of shoes were belonging to my mom.I got into the house and headed direct to the bedroom.I found her weep uncontrollably.I tried to ask her why was wrong but she couldn’t explain.Instead, she became much sad.I seated her down on the bed and bring her a glass of waters to drink and helped her cool down.When she was stable, she told me the reason of her sadness.She thought great wrong had done to her.