插入语用法归纳

第一篇：插入语用法归纳

插入语用法归纳

插入语用法很多,在句子中的位置比较灵活,在学习中应当认真去体会。大体而言,插入语可以分为以下几类: 1.用简短的句子结构作插入语。这类短语有:I think, I hope, I guess, I believe, I suppose, I wonder, I tell you, I say, I'm afraid, I'm sure, you see, you know, as you know, that is, that is to say, what's more等等,它们可以置于句中或句尾。如: I suggest you choose someone who you think is kind and friendly.This diet, I think, will do good to your health.It won't be raining long, I hope.You will have to work harder, you know, if you want to succeed.2.副词或副词短语用作插入语,这类插入语一般放在句首或句尾。如: Happily for him, his father's second wife was kind to him too.You'll be able to pass the coming exam, surely.Luckily for him, he didn't hurt in the accident.Honestly, I don't need it at the moment.3.介词或介词短语作插入语,这类插入语一般放在句首,有时也可放在句中。如: Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither brothers nor sisters-in other words, I'm an only child.By the way, Bob sends his best wishes.On the other hand, I didn't know you were there.In short, things have begun to improve since schools were called on to reduce learning load.4.分词短语作插入语。如: Judging from your accent, you must be from England.Generally speaking, he is the best student in our class.Compared with China, the USA is smaller.5.不定式短语作插入语。如: To put it mildly, he was not up to the mark.To tell you the truth, I don't want to see her.To be sure, Jim is a faster skater, but he is not good at doing figures.To conclude, it was a great success.在日常交际用语和书面表达中，插入语频频出现。英语中的插入语（Parenthesis）是插在句子中的一个词，短语或从句，通常被逗号、破折号或句子的其他部分隔开，它与句子的其他部分之间没有语法上的关系，因此，有的语法学家将其归为独立成分。

插入语在句中通常是对一句话的一些附加解释，说明或总结；有时表示说话者的态度和看法；有时起强调的作用；有时是为了引起对方的注意；还可以起转移话题或说明事由的作用；也可以承上启下，使句子与前面的语句衔接的更紧密一些。

插入语大致可分为以下10种类型：

1.形容词或形容词短语作插入语

如：worst still, sure enough, strange, most important of all等。

Strange, there is nobody in the classroom.很奇怪，教室里没人。

2.副词或副词短语作插入语

如：personally, honestly, fortunately, luckily, for us, though, besides, exactly, surely, frankly, still otherwise 等。

Luckily for you, I happen to have the key.你很运气，我正好带了钥匙。

3.介词短语作插入语

如：of course, in short, as a matter of fact, by the way, on the other hand, in my opinion, in conclusion等。

In short, we should not stop halfway.简言之，我们不能半途而废。

As a result, they suffered heavy losses.结果，他们受到了严重损失。

On the contrary, we should strengthen our ties with them.相反，我们还应加强和他们的联系。

4.现在分词短语作插入语

如：generally speaking, judging from/ by …, talking of…, considering…等。

Considering his age, he did very well.从年龄考虑，他干得挺不错。

Frankly speaking, I don’t like the job.坦率地说，我不喜欢这份工作。

Talking of singing, will you go to the concert with me tonight?

说到唱歌，你今晚愿意和我一块去音乐会吗？

5.过去分词短语作插入语

Painted white, we like the house better.漆成白色，我们更喜欢这房子。

注意：之所以称它为插入语，是由于这种过去分词是独立的，没有逻辑主语。

6.动词不定式

如：to be sure, to be frank（坦率地说），to tell you the truth（说实话），so to speak（可以说）等。

To be frank, I don’t quite agree with you.坦率地说，我不太同意你的意见。

That’s a wonderful idea, to be sure.这个主意好极了，的确。

To tell you the truth, I am not very interested in going to the show.说实在的，我不太想去看演出。

7.代词词组

如：all the same（尽管如此），all told（总共），all in all（总的来说）等。

His crew was reduced to twenty-four all told.他的船员减少到总共二十四人。

All in all, her condition is greatly improved.总的来说，她的情况有很大好转。

8.从句

如：if so / not / any, if I may say so, if you don’t mind, as you know, as you say 等。

If I may say so, we know nothing about it.正如我所说的，我们对它一无所知。

This man, as you know, is good for nothing.正如你所说的，这个人是个废物。

9.句子

如：I say /hear, I think /hope / believe, you know / see, what’s more, that is（to say）, I’m afraid, do you think / suppose等。

It’s a great mistake, I think, not to accept their proposal.我看，不接受他们的建议是个大错误。

The temple disappeared, no one remembers when.谁也不记得什么时候这座庙就没有了。

The old man, it is said, was an artist but people hardly know anything about this side of his life.据说，这位老人曾是个艺术家，可是人们对他这方面的生活几乎一无所知。

10.用标点符号引导插入语

如：He was（strange as it seems）an excellent sportsman.他（尽管还显得令人不解）是个出色的运动员。

He was －to me at least, if not to you－a figure that was worth having pity on.至少我觉得如此，即使你不这样认为，他是一个值得同情的人。

插入语

http://www.xiexiebang.com 2004/12/15 15:02 新浪教育

英语句子中(尤其在口语中)常插入一些单词、短语或者句子，用来补充某些含义。语法上称它们为“插入语”。插入语在句中起到解释、说明等作用，有时表达说话人一种看法。很多插入语对句子本身的影响并不大，如果去掉它，我们仍然清楚句子所表达的意思。然而有些插入语是句子不可缺少的成分，如果去掉句子的意思就不完整，如for example, in other words等。

1.插入语的类型

(1)单词(多是副词)

单词作插入语时位置比较随便，我们常见的多位于句末，它们也可以位于句中或句首。常见的作插入语的单词有though, however, therefore, personally, luckily ,fortunately, obviously等。有些副词可以表示上下文的逻辑关系，起到连接的作用(虽然本身不是连词)，这一类副词常用逗号把它与句子隔开。有些副词表达说话人的看法或观点，它们多位于句首。

①I had thought I could not pass the exam.I passed, though.我原以为我通过不了这次考试，我还是通过了。

②She had seen the picture.However, she never told it to anyone.她曾见过那幅画。然而，她从未向其他人提及。

③Luckily, his father’s second wife was kind to him.幸运的是，他父亲的第二任妻子对他很好。

(2)短语

现在分词短语、不定式短语、介词短语都可以作插入语，它们在句中起到补充说明的作用。

常见的作插入语的短语有，for example, by the way, in some way, judging from, to tell you the truth, so far, on the contrary, on wonder, chances(are that)，worse still, to start with等。

①By the way, how can I find you? 顺便问一句，我如何找到你？

②What on earth do you want to say ? 你到底想说什么？

③To tell you the truth, I have found out that he stole the car.说实话，我已经弄清他偷了那辆车。

(3)句子

我们常见的作插入语的句子有，do you think, I believe, do you know, what’s more, let’s say, that is to say,它们多位于句末，来表达客气或征询别人的看法。也可以表示补充。表示疑问的插入语也可以位于句中或句末。

①He is an honest man, I believe.我相信，他是个诚实人

②As far as I know, Jack isn’t clever.据我所知，杰克并不聪明。

③How soon will he be ready, do you expect ? 你想一下，他多长时间能准备好？

2.有些复杂的特殊疑问句，也可认为包含有“插入语”。这种疑问句(也称为“混合疑问句”或“连锁疑问句”)，常用来征询某一疑问点的看法、判断、认识、猜度或请求。口语中出现的频率极高。

①When do you expect he will come back ? 你想他会什么时候回来？

②Who do you guess has taken away the book ? 你猜是谁拿走了那本书？

3.防止句中的插入语干扰我们对句子结构的掌握及对句子意义的理解。

由于插入语的位置比较随便，在许多情况下它可以位于句中，因此它对我们考生的干扰是比较大的。

直击高考

1.John plays football _______ ,if not better than, David.(MET1994)

A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as

2.We all write ____, even when there’s not much to say.(MET1994)

A.now and then B.by and by C.step by step D.more or less

3._____ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.(2004北京春)

A.As long asB.As far as C.Just as D.Even if

4.Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard.___ you failed.[NMET’99]

A.In the end B.After all C.In other words D.At the same time

5.John plays football _______ ,if not better than, David.(MET1994)

A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as

答案与分析

1.A此题我们极易错选A。分析本句的结构我们可以看出，if not better than 在这里是插入语。如果我们把它抽出(前面我们讲过有些插入语完全可以去掉而不影响句子的意思，有的仅起到补充的作用),我们就很清楚地看到答案是B。A 从本空前后的逗号看，本题考查插入语的用法。四个选项中作插入语的是A 和D。再根据空后的even when...我们不难选出答案A。

3.B as far as I can see是一个插入语，意思是“据我所看到的”。

4.C四个介词短语在此都可以作插入语。我们要对它们进行意义辨析。In other words的意思是“换句话说”；In the end的意思是“终于”；After all的意思是“毕竟”；At the same time的意思是“同时”，“可是”。

5.B此题我们极易错选A。分析本句的结构我们可以看出，if not better than 在这里是插入语。如果我们把它抽出(前面我们讲过有些插入语完全可以去掉而不影响句子的意思，有的仅起到补充的作用),我们就很清楚地看到答案是B。

专项训练

1.Hold the ladder for me ─ that’s____.A.all B.it C.all right D.complete

2.─___, can you tell me how I can get to the zoo ?

─I’m sorry.I’m a stranger here myself.Perhaps this lady can help you.A.I’m sorry B.Hello C.Excuse me D.Why

3.─Would you like a cup of tea ?

─Yes, please do.____, I’m rather thirsty.A.To tell you the truth B.Telling you the truth

C.Tell you the truth D.To be told the truth

4.─Have you nearly finished?

─___, we have just begun.A.Above all B.After all C.On the contrary D.On the other hand

5.The young woman has studied in England for two years and she will come back___.A.by and by B.one by one C.after a while D.long before

6.Mr Li looked as I remembered, ____he was very thin.A.except for B.except that C.except D.besides

7.Many great men have risen from poverty, Lincoln and Edison, ____.A.like that B.as though C.for example D.such as

8.─___is the best football player in your city?

─Jerry.A.Do you think who B.Do you think whom

C.Who do you think D.Whom do you think

9.___, Dick and Mary found themselves on a lonely island.A.They were surprised B.It was surprising

C.It was a surprise D.To their surprise

10.____we like the idea ____not, we’ll have to go with him.A.Either, or B.Neither, nor C.Whether, or D.If, or

11.____is well known, Taiwan is part of China.A.As B.That C.Which D.It

12.Good ways of doing things means less time and pain, and ___, it is necessary for us to find time.A.otherwise B.however C.still D.therefore

13.Albert did not take your book.____,he was not in the room.A.All of a sudden B.As a matter of fact

C.Once in a while D.To his surprise

14.─What___do you want?

─I don’t know myself.A.in earth B.in the earth C.on earth D.on the earth

15.Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard ─____,you failed.A.in the end B.after all C.in other words D.at the same time

16.His handwriting is as good as, ____, his brother’s.A.if not better B.if not better than C.if it is better D.if better than

17.There was a big fire in the building last night.___, all the people were able to escape.A.Fortunate B.Fortunately C.To be fortunate D.Above all

18.It was raining heavily.____, it was getting dark, so we lost our way and stayed in the cave for the whole night.A.Above all B.That is C.What’s more D.In other words

19.I didn’t go to his party last night.____, I didn’t want to see him at all.A.To tell you the truth B.Telling you the truth

C.That’s to say D.Let’s say

20.____, boys are stronger than girls.A.To speak generally B.Generally to speak

C.Generally speaking D.Generally spoken

答案与分析

1.B 本题我们极易错选 A或C。That’s all意思是“就这些”，表示讲话或文章的结束，而That’s all right意思是“行、可以、没关系”。That’s it 为一固定搭配，意思是“这正是所需要的。”

2.C 表示“寻求别人帮忙”时用Excuse me。

3.A to tell you the truth为固定搭配，意思是“说实话”，为插入话，不与句子主语形成逻辑关系。

4.C 本题上文说“你们差不多快做完了吧？”下文说“恰好相反，我们才刚刚开始哩。”

5.A by and by为固定搭配，相当于soon,意思是“不久”。one by one 意思是“一个接一个地”。after a while过去一会儿。long before很久以前，因此 B,C,D都不合题意。

6.B except that后跟从句，而 except for和besides后跟名词或动名词短语。

7.C 在这四个选项中只有for example可以用作插入语，而且位置也比较灵活。D有较大干扰性。但such as 后必须跟宾语。

8.C 本题主要部分为who is the best football player in your city。插入语为do you think.9.D 插入语to one’s surprise的意思是“令某人吃惊的是”，其他答案句子结构错误。

10.C 插入语whether...or...意思是“不管……”。

11.A 插入语 As is well known为定语从句，意思是“众所周知”。

12.D 插入语therefore在此表达前后的因果关系。

13.B as a matter of fact意思是“事实上”。

14.C 插入语on earth的意思是“究竟、到底”，用于疑问句或否定句中。

15.C 插入语in other words意思是“换句话说”，是对前文的解释。

16.B 本句话的意思是“若是他的书法不比他哥哥的好的话，起码跟他哥哥的一样好”。插入语if not better than在句中起到连词的作用。

17.B fortunately是一句评述性语言，表达说话人的看法。

18.C what’s more意思是“更有甚者”，在本句中，说话人强调迷路的原因是It was raining heavily和It was getting dark。

19.A 插入语to tell you the truth意思是“说实话”。

20.C 插入语general speaking意思是“一般来说”，指常规。

插入语知多少

作者:佚名

来源:搜集整理 录入:烟雨江南

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英语句子中(尤其在口语中)常插入一些单词、短语或者句子等，用来补充含义、或作一些解释。语法上称它们为 “插入语”。插入语在英语中形式多样，内容丰富，使用灵活。1，插入语的类形：

1)，少数副词 如：(un)luckily，though，however, still,等，有时充当插入语。

例如： She is looking fit , though.她看起来倒是健康。

I can , however, discuss this when I see you.然而，我可以在见到你的时候再讨论这件事情

I have a bit of a cold.It is nothing much , though.我有点感冒，不过并不严重。

The task is very difficult , besides , time presses.任务艰巨，而且时间紧迫。2),介词短语或固定词组充当插入语

例如：for example例如 ； by the way顺便说一下 ； as a result结果，因此；all the same尽管如此 ； on the other hand另一方面 ； in fact事实上 ； in a word总之 ； in other words换言之 ； in general大体上 ； strange to say说来奇怪 ； to make a long story short长话短说;first of all首先；above all更重要的是；in one’s opinion依某人看； what’s more而且 ；so far 到目前为止；as usual 像往常一样；

例如：It does not often rain in the summer here.As a result , we have to water the vegetable garden.在这儿夏天不常下雨，因此我们得用水浇灌菜园。

First of all, dont come in here without a teacher.首先，如果没有老师，就不要来这儿。，Above all, something must be done to stop polluting.更重要的是，必须釆取某些措施来阻止污染。

3)，短句或句子充当插入语：

例如：I believe;as far as I know;I think;I hope;I guess;I’m afraid;I suppose;I wonder;you see;you know;do you think(suppose);don’t you think;It is said;that is to see;It seems;it seems to me;what’s more;I say;等

例如：That would be a good beginning , I hope.我希望，那是一个好的开始。Where do they believe we should go during the summer holiday? 你认为暑假期间，我们应该到哪儿去。

What’s more , 40 percent of workers in factories have to find new jobs again.而且工厂里有40%的工人不得不再找新工作。2，插入语的位置：

插入语通常位于句中，并用逗号隔开。但有时也可位于句首或句末(见上面例句)。也有时并不用逗号隔开。如：

You know I think you are wrong.我认为，你明白你错了。

What on earth do you mean ? 你究竟是什么意思？

How long did you see she would stay here ?(= How long would she stay here , did you see ?)When do you suppose they will be back ?(= When will they be back , do you suppose ?)What explanation do you suppose the teacher could give ? 你想老师会如何解释？

Who do you guess broke the window ? 你猜是谁把窗户打破了？

写作高分支招：多用插入语，改变原来的Chinglish的写作语序。在一个句子中间插入一个成分,它不作句子的何种成分,也不和句子的何种成分发生结构关系,同时既不起连接作用,也不表示语气,这个成分称之插入语。插入语在句中有时是对一句话的一些附加解释、说明或总结；有时表达说话者的态度和看法；有时起强调的作用；有时是为了引起对方的注意；还可以起转移话题或说明事由的作用；也可以承上启下，使句子衔接得更紧密一些。

从雅思高分写作来看，凡是8分及以上的写作都没有很明显的连词加逗号的形式。如First, second, however, 而是浑然天成，整篇文章虽没有很明显的逻辑衔接词汇，但是却能衔接紧密，Why? 今天从英语新闻中来学习一下如何能让自己的写作看上去更“成熟地道”一点。

这些扭曲需要纠正。然而从试图纠正类似扭曲的发展中国家的历史先例来看，调整过程中的最大障碍将是这些集团的反对。比如杰弗瑞•弗里登(Jeffrey Frieden)在他1993年关于拉丁美洲的著作中认为，拉美70年代后期的调整之所以极其缓慢、痛苦，正是因为强大的既得利益在妨碍或稀释改革方面是如此成功

These distortions need to be reversed.The historical precedents for developing countries that have attempted to reverse similar distortions, however, suggest that the biggest impediment to the adjustment process will be opposition from these groups.Jeffrey Frieden in his 1993 book on Latin America, for example, argues that the Latin America adjustment in the late 1970s was extremely slow and painful precisely because powerful vested interests were so successful in retarding or diluting reform.试比较不用插入语：

These distortions need to be reversed.However, The historical precedents for developing countries that have attempted to reverse similar distortions suggest that the biggest impediment to the adjustment process will be opposition from these groups.For example,Jeffrey Frieden in his 1993 book on Latin America argues that the Latin America adjustment in the late 1970s was extremely slow and painful precisely because powerful vested interests were so successful in retarding or diluting reform.请注意：

老外：是将however,和 for example这样的连词放在了主谓语之间。句子之间就 显得更加紧密，从而增加了句子的凝聚力。我们：往往总是先however再写逗号，然后再跟内容。因此，偶尔或用一些插入语，能让我们写作看上去更成熟，但切忌从头用到尾过分使用。

第二篇：英语插入语的用法小结

英语插入语的用法小结

高考英语插入语及插入句的用法

由于插入语通常与句中其它成分没有语法上的关系，因此给考生的理解带来一定困难。插入语多半用逗号与句子隔开，用来表示说话者对句子所表达的意思的态度。插入语可能是一个词、一个短语或一个句子。

一、常用做插入语的副词 indeed的确，surely无疑，however然而，obviously显然，frankly坦率地说，naturally自然，luckily(或happily)for sb.算某人幸运，fortunately幸好，strangely奇怪，honestly真的，briefly简单地说等。

1.Surely，she won't go to China Telecom with you.

当然她不会和你一起去中国电信。

2.Strangely，he has not been to China Unicom.Still more strangely，he has not called me.

奇怪，他未来过中国联通。更奇怪，他没给我打电话。

3.Fortunately，I found the book that I'd lost.

幸亏我找到了已丢失的那本书。

二、常见的作插入语的形容词或其短语

true真的，funny真可笑，strange to say说也奇怪，needless to say不用说，most important of all最为重要，worse still更糟糕的等。

1.Strange to say(或True)，2.he should have done such a thing.

说也奇怪(或真的)，他竟然做出这样的事。 Most important of all，you each overfulfiled your own task. 更为重要的，你们各自超额完成了自己的任务。

三、常用作插入语的介词短语

in a few words(或in sum，in short)简而言之，in other words换句话说，in a sense在某种意义上，in general一般说来，in my view在我看来，in his opinion(judgment)按照他的意见(判断)，in conclusion总之，in summary概括地说，in fact事实上，in the first place首先，in addition此外，of course当然，to our knowledge据我们所知，to my joy(delight，satisfaction)使我欣慰(高兴、满意)的，to their surprise(astonishment，amazement)使他们惊奇的，to her regret(disappointment)使她遗憾(失望)的，for instance(或example)例如，as a matter of fact事实上等。

1.Of course，he did not succeed for the lack of experience.

当然，他由于缺乏经验而未成功。

2.She knows much more about computer science than the other students do，for in stance.例如，她在计算机科学方面就比其他同学懂得多。

四、常用作插入语的分词短语

strictly speaking严格地说，generally speaking一般地说，judging from…根据……判断等。

Judging from his letter，a campaign against “white pollution ”has been undertaken in his hometown.

根据他的来信做出判断，一场抵制“白色污染”的运动已经在他的故乡展开了。注意:不要理解为现在分词短语作状语，因为上两句中speaking和judging的动作不是句中主语发出的。

五、常用作插入语的不定式短语

to be sure无疑地，to sum up概括地说，to tell the truth老实说等。

1.To be sure，community service can aid reemployment.

毫无疑问，社区服务能有助于再就业。

2.To start with，China is ready strengthen scientific and technological cooperation with many countries.

首先，中国准备和许多国家加强科学技术合作。

六、插入句

I am sure我可以肯定地说，I believe我相信，I wonder我不知道，you know你知道，you see你明白，that is也就是说，it seems看来是，as I see it照我看来，what is important(serious)重要(严重)的是，I'm afraid恐怕，it is said据说等。

1.It will result in success，I suppose.我想，这件事终于会成功的。

2.One day，it is said，Newton saw an apple fall from a tree.

据说，有一天牛顿见到一个苹果从树上掉下来。

3.What is more important，information superhighways can carry great amounts of information around the country quickly and cheaply.

更重要的是，信息高速公路能把大量信息迅速、便宜地传遍全国

第三篇：2018年考研英语作文中插入语的运用

凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！

2018年考研英语作文中插入语的运用

在长难句中，有一种句子成分叫插入语，它可以增加句子表达的多样性。插入语在考研英语阅读中的地位不是很重要，基本可以跳读，但是对于英语作文来讲，用好插入语却能为你的文章增色不少，一起来学习一下吧。

插入语在写作中的运用

不管是阅读还是写作，难点即亮点。中国学生在阅读句子时认为插入语很难，在写作的时候也就不愿意常用这种语言，但这绝对是考生应该掌握的，使用插入语可以增加语言的亮点并使句子错落有致。比较下面的两个句子：

Ancientmen made tools of stone.For instance, they always used flint because it is easier to shape than other kinds.（不使用插入语）

Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because it is easier to shape than other kinds.（使用插入语）

比较之下，凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！

at the mercy of在……支配下

插入语看似很简单，但其实想用的巧妙却不是那么容易，建议各位考生将插入语做以简单的分类，便于学习和记忆。祝各位考生都能用简单的插入语写出不简单的考研英语作文。

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第四篇：then用法小议

then用法小议

1.用作副词，表示“那时”，可用于过去或将来。如： He was in Paris then.那是他在巴黎。He will be free then.那时他就会有空了。

注：有时可用于某些介词后。如：

He will have left by then.到那时他就会已经离开了。From then on he worked harder.从此以后，他工作更努力了。2.表示“然后”、“接着”，通常与连词 and 连用。如：

Let’s go for a drink and then go home.我们先去喝一杯，然后再回家。He went to Paris, and then to London.他到了巴黎，后又到了伦敦。注：在口语中有时可不用连词 and 而只用 then。另外，有时位于句首，其后用倒装句。如：

Then came the day of his exam.接着他考试的那一天到了。

3.表示“那么”、“既然是那样”、“这么说来”，通常用于句首或句末。如：

You say you don’t want to be a teacher.Then what do you want to be? 你说你不想当老师，那么你想干什么呢?

Then you mean to say I am a cheat.那么你的意思是说我是个骗子。

注：有时与条件或时间状语从句搭配使用。如：(from www.xiexiebang.com)If it’s not on the table, then it will be in the drawer.要是不在桌上，那就是抽屉里。When I know what really happened, then I shall be able to decide.当我知道事实真相后，我就可以作决定了。

第五篇：倒装用法归纳

倒装用法归纳

江苏 仲卫东

倒装是中学阶段的一个重要的语法知识点，也是高考命题热点之一。下面笔者就来谈谈它的用法。

一、完全倒装

完全倒装是把谓语动词完全置于主语前，其中主语必须是名词，若为代词则不倒装，这种结构中谓语部分无助动词（be，do，have）和情态动词，但可以有连系动词 be。须用完全倒装的情况有：

1.当句首为副词 out，in，up，down，off，here，there 等，且主语为名词时，应用完全倒装。如：

In came the doctor.医生进来了。There goes the bell.铃响了。

2.当表示地点的介词短语位于句首，且主语为名词时，应用完全倒装。如： On top of the hill stands a big pine tree.山顶上耸立着一棵大松树。

Under the tree were some children.树下有一些孩子。

3.在 there be 结构中，there 为引导词，be 动词之后为句子的主语，属完全倒装，be 应与主语保持一致。除 be 以外，能与 there 连用的动词还有 seem，exist，happen，appear，live，stand 等。如：

There were a lot of people in the park last Sunday.上周日公园里有很多人。

Once there lived a king who was cruel to his people.从前有一位对人民很残暴的国王。

4.作表语的形容词、过去分词等较短，而主语相对比较长，为了保持句子平衡而将表语前置时，句子的主谓也应完全倒装。如： Typical for China is the crosstalk show, in which two comedians entertain the audiences with words.中国典型的艺术形式是相声，两名演员用言语来逗乐观众。Gone are the days when we Chinese were looked down upon.中国人民被歧视的日子已成为过去。

5.某些表示祝愿的句子也可用完全倒装（或部分倒装）。如： Long live the Chinese Communist Party of China!中国共产党万岁！May you succeed!祝你成功！

二、部分倒装

部分倒装则是将助动词调到主语前，主语可以是名词也可以是代词。通常应使用部分倒装的情况有：

1.当句首为否定或半否定词 never，neither，nor，little，seldom，hardly，scarcely，in no way，few，not，no 等时，应用部分倒装。如： Seldom does he spend his time playing cards.他很少花时间去玩扑克。

Never have I heard of that place before.我以前从未听说过那个地方。

2.only 修饰时间、地点、方式、原因等状语时，应用部分倒装。如： Only in this way can we solve the problem.只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。

Only when you told me did I know her name.直到你告诉我，我才知道她的名字。

注意：如果 only 修饰的不是状语，则句子不倒装。如： Only Uncle Li knows how it happened.只有李叔叔知道这件事是怎么发生的。

3.表示对前者的陈述也适用后者时，肯定倒装用“ so + 助动词／情态动词 + 后者”，否定倒装用“ neither / nor + 助动词 / 情态动词 + 后者”。如： He can speak English, so can I.他会说英语，我也会。

If she doesn't go there tomorrow, neither / nor will I.如果她明天不去那儿，我也不去。

注意“ so + 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语”与“ so + 主语 + 助动词 / 情态动词”的区别： 前者表示所说的主语和前面主语的情况一样，所谈到的是两个人或物，意为“„„也是这样”；后者所谈为同一人或物，说话者表示同意前者的观点，意为“的确如此”。如： — Li Lei likes sports.李雷喜欢运动。

— So he does and so do I.他的确喜欢，我也是的。

4.so 及“ so + 形容词 / 副词”置于句首时，应用部分倒装。如： So frightened was he that he didn't dare move.他如此惊慌以至不敢动弹。

So quietly did she speak that we could not hear a word.她说话声音这么低，以至我们一个字也没听到。

5.such 及“ such + 形容词 + 名词”置于句首时，应用部分倒装。如： Such is Zhong Cheng, a kind and helpful student.这就是仲成，一个善良、乐于助人的学生。

Such good players are they that they often win.他们是好队员，所以他们经常获胜。6.由 not only...but also...引起的并列句，若将 not only 置于句首时，该分句应部分倒装，but also 引导的分句不倒装。而由 neither...nor...引起的并列句，两个分句都倒装。如：

Not only did he give me some advice, but also he lent me some money.他不但给我提了建议，而且还借给了我一些钱。

Neither does he watch TV, nor does he see films in the evening.他晚上既不看电视也不看电影。

7.由连接词 No sooner...than，Scarcely...when，Hardly...when 引起的主从复合句，主句应倒装，从句不倒装。如：

No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.他一上床就睡着了。

Hardly had I got into the classroom when it began to rain.我刚一进教室天就下起雨来。

8.not until 引起的时间状语置于句首时，句子的主谓应部分倒装。由 not until 引导的时间状语从句位于句首时，主句应部分倒装，从句语序不变。如： Not until 1998 did he return to his hometown.直到 1998 年他才回到家乡。

Not until Father came back did we begin to have supper last night.昨晚直到父亲回来，我们才开始吃晚饭。

注意：当 not until 引导的状语或状语从句用于强调句型时，句子的主语不倒装。如将上两句改为强调句应为：

It was not until 1998 that he returned to his hometown.It was not until Father came back that we began to have supper last night.9.省略 if 的虚拟条件句，可将 were，had，should 提至主语前。如： Were I you, I would go there tomorrow.要是我是你，我明天就会去那儿。Had you been there, you would have met the manager himself.要是你去了那儿，你就会见到经理本人了。

10.表示时间频率且有肯定意义的词语 often，every day，now and again 等置于句首用来强调时，应用部分倒装。如：

Often does he send me e-mails to greet me.他经常给我发电子信件问候我。

三、主谓不倒装的倒装句

1.as / though 引起让步状语从句，可将表语或状语置于句首，但主谓不颠倒顺序。如： Tired as / though he is, he is still working.尽管他很累，他还是在工作。

Carefully as / though she listened, she didn't catch a word.尽管她听得很仔细，她还是什么也没听到。

若将含有不定冠词修饰的表语提前，则应省去不定冠词 a / an。如： Child as / though he is, he knows a lot.尽管他还是个孩子，却已经懂得很多。

2.however, no matter now 修饰形容词或副词时要前置，用以加强语气，该让步状语从句的主谓不倒装。如：

However hard the problem is, I am determined to work it out.不管这道题有多难，我也决心将它算出来。

No matter how heavily it was raining outside, he insisted going there.不管外面下多大的雨，他也要坚持去那儿。