第一篇：(中英文对照)国家领导人演讲辞-中国
外交部长杨洁篪在2011年新年招待会上的祝酒辞
2010年12月7日，钓鱼台国宾馆芳菲苑
Toast by Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi At the New Year Reception
Fangfeiyuan, Diaoyutai State Guesthouse, 7 December 2010
尊敬的戴秉国国务委员，尊敬的各位使节、代表和夫人，各位同事、女士们、先生们、朋友们：
Your Excellency State Councilor Dai Bingguo,Your Excellencies Diplomatic Envoys,Representatives of International Organizations and Your Spouses,Dear Colleagues,Ladies and Gentlemen,Dear Friends,【注】：
外交部长—— foreign minister
新年招待会—— the New Year reception
祝酒辞—— toast
国宾馆—— State Guesthouse
尊敬的—— Your Excellency, 另外也可译为Your Honor，这两种都用以对高级官员的称呼
国务委员—— State Councilor
代表—— representatives of international organizations, 注意这里虽然原文并未明指，但译员通常会根据现场来将指代或细节补充完整以避免不必要的误解
今天，我们再次在这里欢聚一堂，共迎新年。令我们特别高兴的是，戴秉国国务委员和有关部门的负责人拨冗出席今天的晚会，与各位使节和新老朋友共叙友谊。一年来，各位驻华使节和夫人以及各位外交官们为增进相互了解、促进友好合作付出了辛勤的劳动，做出了宝贵贡献。我谨代表外交部并以我个人名义，向各位来宾致以最美好的节日祝福，向所有关心和支持中国外交的朋友们表示衷心的感谢！/
5We are once again gathered here on this joyful occasion to celebrate the New Year.And we are especially pleased to have with us today State Councilor Dai Bingguo and officials of relevant government agencies to renew friendship with Your Excellencies and other friends, old and new.Over the past year, Your Excellencies Ambassadors and your spouses and other diplomats have worked tirelessly to enhance our mutual understanding and promote friendship and cooperation and made invaluable contributions.On behalf of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and in my own name, I wish to extend festive greetings to you and express heartfelt thanks to all the friends who have shown care and support for China's diplomacy.【注】：
有关部门负责人—— officials of relevant government agencies
外交部—— the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
以个人名义—— in one's own name
拨冗出席—— take the time out of your business to attend, 另外，“百忙之中抽空前来
business换成busy schedual而已
新老朋友—— old and new friends, 注意中英语序上的区别
共叙友谊—— renew friendship，这里自然不能把”叙“直译为talk或
与生命”、“加强”这样的涵义更能体现讲话人的想法
增进相互了解—— enhance our mutual understanding
促进友好合作—— promote friendship and cooperation
*关于增进、促进这样的高频词汇，这里将列举一些简易词备用：
to/encourage
除了词汇短语以外，本文也出现了很多口译必背的句型们，下面，让我们来
1、欢聚一堂—— 常以gather的各种动词形式表示
例：今天，我们怀着愉快的心情同…欢聚一堂。
We are joyfully gathering here today with…
2、谨代表…—— on behalf of …
例：我代表…欢迎各位朋友访问中国。
on behalf of …, I wish to welcome our friends who have come to visit China./ 5
“译法也类似，只是将chat这样的词，renew ”赋予新的活力further/give an impetus to/contribute have a look！
3、向…致以节日祝福—— extend festive greetings to …
向…表示衷心的感谢—— express heartfelt thanks to …
express与extend是这类句型的优先选择
例：首先，请允许我向远道而来的贵宾们表示热烈的欢迎。
Allow me, first of all, to express our heary welcome to our distinguished guests coming from afar.共同增进各国人民福祉
——中国国家主席胡 锦 涛2011年新年贺词
2010年12月31日
Promoting the wellbeing of the world's people together
--2011 New Year Speech delivered by Hu Jintao, President of the People's Republic of China
December 31, 2010
女士们，先生们，同志们、朋友们，Ladies and gentlemen, comrades and friends,新年钟声即将敲响，人类就要进入2011年。在这辞旧迎新的美好时刻，我很高兴通过中国国际广播电台、中央人民广播电台和中央电视台，向全国各族人民，向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，向世界各国的朋友们，致以新年的祝福!
The New Year's bell is about to ring, and 2011 will soon begin.At this beautiful moment of bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new, via China Radio International, China National Radio and China Central Television, I am delighted to extend New Year greetings to Chinese of all ethnic groups, to compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions and Taiwan, to overseas Chinese and to friends all over the world!
2010年，对中国人民来说是很不平凡的一年。面对国际国内环境的复杂变化，中国人民团结一心、开拓前进，成功举办上海世博会、广州亚运会，战胜青海玉树强烈地震、甘肃舟曲特大山洪泥石流等重大自然灾害，保持经济平稳较快发展，着力提高人民生活水平和质量，胜利实现“十一五”规划确定的目标任务，经济实力和综合国力进一步增强。中国加强同各国的友好合作，积极参与应对国际金融危机、气候变化、核安全等问题的国际合作，发挥建设性作用，为促进世界和平与发展作出了新的贡献。
The year of 2010 has been a very unusual and uncommon one for the Chinese people.Facing difficult domestic and international situations, Chinese people of all ethnic groups united in one heart and one mind, with perseverance, successfully dealt with the disasters brought about by the Yushu earthquake in Qinghai Province and3 /
5the Zhouqu mudslide in Gansu Province.We successfully held Shanghai World Expo and Guangzhou Asian Games.We maintained a stable and relatively fast economic growth, and successfully completed the goals set up in the 11th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development.The living standard of the Chinese people has been further improved.The economic strength and the overall national strength have been further strengthened.The Chinese people conducted friendly exchanges and pragmatic cooperation with the rest of the world, actively participated in efforts by the international community to deal with the global financial crisis, climate change, and nuclear safety, and made further contributions to world peace and development.在这里，我谨代表中国政府和人民，向今年以来在各方面给予我们大力支持的各国政府和人民，表示衷心的感谢!
Here on behalf of the Chinese government and people, I would like to express the most sincere thanks to the governments and people of all the countries that have supported us in the past year!
2011年是中国进入“十二五”时期的开局之年。在新的一年里，中国人民将继续高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论和“三个代表” 重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，以科学发展为主题，以加快转变经济发展方式为主线，实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，加快推进经济结构调整，着力保障和改善民生，不断深化改革开放，保持经济平稳较快发展，促进社会和谐稳定。我们将坚持“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方针，紧紧依靠广大香港同胞、澳门同胞，努力保持香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定。我们将坚持“和平统一、一国两制”的方针，牢牢把握两岸关系和平发展主题，继续推进两岸交流合作，不断造福两岸同胞。
The year 2011 marks the beginning of China's implementation of the 12th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development.In the upcoming year, we will unswervingly uphold the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, deepen the implementation of the Scientific Outlook on Development under the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, pursue a path of scientific development, accelerate the change of development mode and structural adjustment, and maintain a proactive fiscal and stable monetary policy.We will pay more attention to deepening the reform and opening up and further improving people's welfare.We will make overall plans to guarantee a stable and relatively fast economic growth and social harmony and stability.We will uphold the principles of “one country, two systems”, “Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong” and “Macao people governing Macao” with a high degree of autonomy.We will work together with our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao to maintain long-term prosperity and stability in the two Special Administrative Regions.We will adhere to the Principles of “peaceful reunification and one country, two systems”,4 /
5and firmly grasp the theme of cross-Straits relations and peaceful development, strengthen the cross-Straits exchanges and cooperation, and bring continuous well-being to compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait.当前，世界多极化、经济全球化深入发展，科技创新孕育新突破，但世界经济复苏进程仍将艰难曲折，气候变化、能源资源安全、粮食安全、公共卫生安全等全球性问题更加突出，国际和地区热点问题此起彼伏，世界和平与发展面临的机遇和挑战都前所未有。加强国际合作，携手应对人类共同面临的严峻挑战，符合各国人民共同利益。借此机会，我愿重申，中国将继续高举和平、发展、合作旗帜，坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，始终不渝走和平发展道路，始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略，在和平共处五项原则的基础上积极发展同各国的友好交往和互利合作，积极参与应对全球性问题的国际合作，继续同各国人民一道推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。
At present, the world is moving further towards multi-polarity and globalization while the innovation of science an technology is brewing new breakthroughs.But, at the same time, the recovery of world economy is still facing many hardships;global issues such as climate change, energy, resources, food and public sanitary security are prominent;and international and regional hot spots are popping up.World peace and development face grave challenges.To strengthen global cooperation and meet the challenges in a joint way is to the best interest of the people of all countries.I would like to take this opportunity to reaffirm that China will uphold the banner of peace, development and cooperation and adhere to an independent and peaceful foreign policy.We will unswervingly take the road of peaceful development and implement a strategy of opening up for mutual benefit and win-win situation, actively develop friendly cooperation with all countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, actively participate in efforts by the international community to deal with the global issues, and strive to build a harmonious world with lasting peace and common prosperity.此时此刻，世界上还有不少民众经受着战火、贫困、疾病、自然灾害等带来的苦难。中国人民对他们的不幸遭遇抱着深深的同情，衷心希望他们早日摆脱困境。中国人民将一如既往向他们提供力所能及的帮助。我相信，只要各国人民携手努力，世界发展前景一定会更加美好，各国人民福祉一定会不断增进。
At this moment on this planet we inhabit, there are still people who are suffering the effects of war, poverty, sickness and natural disasters.The Chinese people have great sympathy for their pain, and are always willing to do all we can to help them overcome the difficulties.I believe, with sustained efforts of people of all countries, the world is sure to progress, and humanity's well-being is certain to improve.最后，我从北京祝大家在新的一年里幸福安康!
Finally, from here in Beijing, I would like to wish you all happiness, peace and health in the New Year!5 / 5
第二篇：常用国家中英文对照
常用国家中英文对照
申根国家录入格式：法国, 申根协议国家/ FRANCE, SCHENGEN STATES
申根协议国家：SCHENGEN STATES
法国 FRANCE德国 GERMANY 意大利 ITALY荷兰 THENETHERLANDS 西班牙 SPAIN奥地利 AUSTRIA葡萄牙 PORTUGAL瑞典 SWEDEN挪威 NORWAY芬兰 FINLAND捷克 CZECH REPUBLIC波兰 POLAND爱沙尼亚 ESTONIA卢森堡 LUXEMBURG拉脱维亚 LATVIA
非申根国家录入格式：美国/USA 常用非申根协议国家
美国 USA加拿大 CANADA日本 JAPAN马来西亚 MALAYSIA比利时 BELGIUM希腊 GREECE匈牙利 PORTUGAL瑞士 SWITZERLAND丹麦 DENMARK冰岛 ICELAND斯洛伐克 SLOVAKIA 斯洛文尼亚 SLOVENIA立陶宛 LITHUANIA马尔他 MALTA
列支敦士登 LIECHTENSTEIN英国 UK
澳大利亚AUSTRALIA韩国KOREA南非 SOUTH AFRICA
第三篇：中国传统节日(中英文对照)[模版]
中国传统节日
（中英文对照简介）
目 录
The Spring Festival（春节）Lantern Festival（元宵节）Qingming Festival（清明节）Dragon Boat Festival（端午节）Double Seventh Festival（七夕）Mid-Autumn Festival（中秋节）Double Ninth Festival（重阳节）Winter Solstice Festival（冬至）
The Spring Festival（春节）
The first day of the first lunar month is the New Year in the Chinese lunar calendar.Among the traditional Chinese festivals, this is the most important and the most bustling.Since it occurs at the end of winter and the beginning of spring, people also call it the Spring Festival.Chinese have many traditional customs relating to the Spring Festival.Since the 23rd day of the 12th lunar montha, people start to prepare for the event.Every family will undertake thorough cleaning, do their Spring Festival shopping, create paper-cuts for window decoration, put up New Year picturesb, write Spring Festival coupletsc, make New Year cakesd, and also prepare all kinds of food to bid farewell to the old and usher in the new.New Year's Eve is the time for a happy reunion of all family members, when they sit around the table to have a sumptuous New Year's Eve dinner, talking and laughing, until daybreak, which is called “staying up to see the year out”.When the bell tolls midnight on New Year's Eve, people eat dumplings.In ancient times, midnight was called zishi(a period of the day from 11 p.m.to 1 a.m.).Dumplings(jiaozi)are eaten because it sounds the same as “change of the year and the day” in Chinese.From the first day of the lunar year, people pay New Year calls on relatives and friends, which is an important custom for the Spring Festival.Setting off firecrackers is the favorite activity of children in the Spring Festival.According to legend, this could drive off evil spirits.The continuous sound of firecrackers can be heard everywhere, adding to the atmosphere of rejoicing and festivity.Many places hold temple fairs.The wonderful dragon lantern dance and the lion dance performances, along with various handicraft articles and local snacks attract thousands of people.With the development of the times, some changes have taken place in the customs of spending the Spring Festival.For example, to prevent environmental pollution, many cities have banned firecrackers.But this does not have an impact on the happy atmosphere of the festival.On New Year's Eve, family members get together to have dinner while watching TV programs.For Chinese at home and abroad, the Spring Festival is always the most important festival.农历的正(zheng)月初一，是中国的农历新年。在中国的传统节日中，这是一个最重要、最热闹的节日。因为过农历新年的时候，正是冬末春初，所以人们也把这个节日叫“春节”。
中国人过春节有很多传统习俗。从腊月二十三起，人们就开始准备过年了。在这段时间里，家家户户要大扫除，买年货，贴窗花，挂年画，写春联，蒸年糕，做好各种食品，准备辞旧迎新。
春节的前夜叫“除夕”。除夕之夜，是家人团聚的时候。一家人围坐在一起，吃一顿丰盛的年夜饭，说说笑笑，直到天亮，这叫守岁。除夕零点的钟声一响，人们还要吃饺子。古时候叫零点为“子时”，除夕的子时正是新旧年交替的时候，人们在这时吃饺子，是取“更岁交子”的意思。这也是“饺子”名称的由来。
过了除夕就是大年初一。从初一开始，人们要走亲戚、看朋友，互相拜年。拜年，是春节的重要习俗。拜年时，大家都要说一些祝愿幸福、健康的吉祥话。
放爆竹是春节期间孩子们最喜欢的活动。传说燃放爆竹可以驱妖除魔，所以每年从除夕之夜起，到处就响起了接连不断的爆竹声。阵阵烟花，声声爆竹，给节日增添了喜庆的气氛。
春节期间，很多地方还要举办庙会。庙会上精彩的舞龙舞狮表演，各式各样的工艺品和地方小吃，吸引千千万万欢度佳节的人们。
随时代的发展，过春节的习俗也有了一些变化。比如，为防止环境污染，很多城市已禁止燃放烟花爆竹。但这并不影响节日的热闹气氛。除夕之夜，家家户户仍然要团聚在一起，一边吃年夜饭，一边看精彩的电视节目，直到大年初一的清晨。
在中国和世界各地华夏子孙的心中，春节永远是最重要的节日。
Lantern Festival（元宵节）
The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month, usually in February or March in the Gregorian calendar.As early as the Western Han Dynasty(206 3
BC-AD 25), it had become a festival with great significance.This day's important activity is watching lanterns.Throughout the Han Dynasty(206 BC-AD 220), Buddhism flourished in China.One emperor heard that Buddhist monks would watch sarira, or remains from the cremation of Buddha's body, and light lanterns to worship Buddha on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month, so he ordered to light lanterns in the imperial palace and temples to show respect to Buddha on this day.Later, the Buddhist rite developed into a grand festival among common people and its influence expanded from the Central Plains to the whole of China.Till today, the lantern festival is still held each year around the country.Lanterns of various shapes and sizes are hung in the streets, attracting countless visitors.Children will hold self-made or bought lanterns to stroll with on the streets, extremely excited.“Guessing lantern riddles”is an essential part of the Festival.Lantern owners write riddles on a piece of paper and post them on the lanterns.If visitors have solutions to the riddles, they can pull the paper out and go to the lantern owners to check their answer.If they are right, they will get a little gift.The activity emerged during people's enjoyment of lanterns in the Song Dynasty(960-1279).As riddle guessing is interesting and full of wisdom, it has become popular among all social strata.People will eat yuanxiao, or rice dumplings, on this day, so it is also called the “Yuanxiao Festival.”Yuanxiao also has another name, tangyuan.It is small dumpling balls made of glutinous rice flour with rose petals, sesame, bean paste, jujube paste, walnut meat, dried fruit, sugar and edible oil as filling.Tangyuan can be boiled, fried or steamed.It tastes sweet and delicious.What's more, tangyuan in Chinese has a similar pronunciation with “tuanyuan”, meaning reunion.So people eat them to denote union, harmony and happiness for the family.In the daytime of the Festival, performances such as a dragon lantern dance, a lion dance, a land boat dance, a yangge dance, walking on stilts and beating drums while dancing will be staged.On the night, except for magnificent lanterns, fireworks form a beautiful scene.Most families spare some fireworks from the Spring Festival and let them off in the Lantern Festival.Some local governments will even organize a fireworks party.On the night when the first full moon enters the New Year, people become really intoxicated by the imposing fireworks and bright moon in the sky.每年农历的正月十五日，春节刚过，迎来的就是中国的传统节日--元宵节。
元宵主要的活动就是看灯。东汉明帝时期，明帝提倡佛教，听说佛教有正月十五日僧人观佛舍利，点灯敬佛的做法，就命令这一天夜晚在皇宫和寺庙里点灯敬佛，令士族庶民都挂灯。以后这种佛教礼仪节日逐渐形成民间盛大的节日。该节经历了由宫廷到民间，由中原到全国的发展过程。
直到今天，元宵点灯的习俗仍然在中国的各地流传的，各式各样美丽的花灯在这一天都会点亮，孩子们提着自制的灯笼走街串巷，非常高兴。
猜灯谜也是元宵节的一项重要活动，花灯的主人会将谜面写在灯笼上，挂在门口，如果有人可以猜中，就能得到小小的礼物。这项活动最早起源于宋朝，因为谜语能启迪智慧又饶有兴趣，所以流传过程中深受社会各阶层的欢迎。
民间过元宵节吃元宵的习俗。元宵由糯米制成，或实心，或带馅。馅有豆沙、白糖、山楂、各类果料等，食用时煮、煎、蒸、炸皆可。起初，人们把这种食物叫“浮圆子”，后来又叫“汤团”或“汤圆”，这些名称“团圆”字音相近，取团圆之意，象征全家人团团圆圆，和睦幸福，人们也以此怀念离别的亲人,寄托了对未来生活的美好愿望。
随着时间的推移，元宵节的活动越来越多，白天有耍龙灯、耍狮子、踩高跷、划旱船扭秧歌、打太平鼓等传统民俗表演。到了夜晚，除了五颜六色的美花灯之外，还有艳丽多姿的烟火。大多数家庭会在春节时留下一些烟花等到元宵节这天燃放，而一些地方政府也会举办烟花大会，当新年的第一个月圆之夜在盛大的烟火表演中来临时，人们都陶醉在这令人难忘了烟花与皎洁的明月中。
Qingming Festival（清明节）
The Qingming(Pure Brightness)Festival is one of the 24 seasonal division points in China, falling on April 4-6 each year.After the festival, the temperature will rise up and rainfall increases.It is the high time for spring plowing and sowing.But the Qingming Festival is not only a seasonal point to guide farm work, it is more a festival of commemoration.The Qingming Festival sees a combination of sadness and happiness.This is the most important day of sacrifice.Both the Han and minority ethnic groups at this time offer sacrifices to their ancestors and sweep the tombs of the diseased.Also, they will not cook on this day and only cold food is served.The Hanshi(Cold Food)Festival was usually one day before the Qingming Festival.As our ancestors often extended the day to the Qingming, they were later combined.On each Qingming Festival, all cemeteries are crowded with people who came to sweep tombs and offer sacrifices.Traffic on the way to the cemeteries becomes extremely jammed.The customs have been greatly simplified today.After slightly sweeping the tombs, people offer food, flowers and favorites of the dead, then burn incense and paper money and bow before the memorial tablet.In contrast to the sadness of the tomb sweepers, people also enjoy hope of Spring on this day.The Qingming Festival is a time when the sun shines brightly, the trees and grass become green and nature is again lively.Since ancient times, people have followed the custom of Spring outings.At this time tourists are everywhere.People love to fly kites during the Qingming Festival.Kite flying is actually not limited to the Qingming Festival.Its uniqueness lies in that people fly kites not during the day, but also at night.A string of little lanterns tied onto the kite or the thread look like shining stars, and therefore, are called ”god's lanterns.“ The Qingming Festival is also a time to plant trees, for the survival rate of saplings is high and trees grow fast later.In the past, the Qingming Festival was called ”Arbor Day“.But since 1979, ”Arbor Day“ was settled as March 12 according to the Gregorian calendar.清明是我国的二十四节气之一。由于二十四节气比较客观地反映了一年四季气温、降雨、物候等方面的变化，所以古代劳动人民用它安排农事活动。但是，清明作为节日，与纯粹的节气又有所不同。节气是我国物候变化、时令顺序的标志，而节日则包含着一定的风俗活动和某种纪念意义。因此，这个节日中既有祭扫新坟生别死离的悲酸泪，又有踏青游玩的欢笑声，是一个富有特色的节日。
清明节是我国传统节日，也是最重要的祭祀节日，是祭祖和扫墓的日子。扫墓俗称上坟，祭祀死者的一种活动。汉族和一些少数民族大多都是在清明节扫墓。由于清明与寒食的日子接近，而寒食是民间禁火扫墓的日子，渐渐的，寒食与清明就合二为一了，而寒食既成为清明的别称，也变成为清明时节的一个习俗，清明之日不动烟火，只吃凉的食品。
按照旧的习俗，扫墓时，人们要携带酒食果品、纸钱等物品到墓地，将食物供祭在亲人墓前，再将纸钱焚化，为坟墓培上新土，折几枝嫩绿的新枝插在坟上，然后叩头行礼祭拜，最后吃掉酒食回家。
与清明节扫墓的悲哀相反，人们在这个春光明媚的日子里，也一样是可以享受生活的。
放风筝也是清明时节人们所喜爱的活动。每逢清明时节，人们不仅白天放，夜间也放。夜里在风筝下或风稳拉线上挂上一串串彩色的小灯笼，象闪烁的明星，被称为“神灯”。
清明前后，春阳照临，春阳照临，春雨飞洒，种植树苗成活率高，成长快。因此，自古以来，我国就有清明植树的习惯。有人还把清明节叫作“植树节”。植树风俗一直流传至今。1979年，人大常委会规定，每年三月十二日为我国植树节。这对动员全国各族人民积极开展绿化祖国活动，有着十分重要的意义。
Dragon Boat Festival（端午节）
The Dragon Boat Festival, the 5th day of the 5th lunar month, has had a history of more than 2,000 years.It is usually in June in the Gregorian calendar.There are many legends about the evolution of the festival, the most popular of which is in commemoration of Qu Yuan(340-278 BC).Qu Yuan was minister of the State of Chu and one of China's earliest poets.In face of great pressure from the powerful Qin State, he advocated enriching the country and strengthening its military forces so as to fight against the Qin.However, he was opposed by aristocrats headed by Zi Lan, and later deposed and exiled by King Huai.In his exiled days, he still cared much for his country and people and composed immortal poems including Li Sao(The Lament), Tian Wen(Heavenly Questions)and Jiu Ge(Nine Songs), which had far-reaching influences.In 278 BC, he heard the news that Qin troops had finally conquered Chu's capital, so he finished his last piece Huai Sha(Embracing Sand)and plunged himself into the Miluo River, clasping his arms to a large stone.The day happened to be the 5th of the 5th month in the Chinese lunar calendar.After his death, the people of Chu crowded to the bank of the river to pay their respects to him.The fishermen sailed their boats up and down the river to look for his body.People threw into the water zongzi(pyramid-shaped glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves)and eggs to divert possible fish or shrimp from attacking his body.An old doctor poured a jug of reaglar wine(Chinese liquor seasoned with realgar)into the water，hoping to turn all aquatic beasts drunk.That's why people later followed the customs such as dragon boat racing, eating zongzi and drinking realgar wine on that day.Dragon boat racing is an indispensable part of the festival, held all over the country.As the gun is fired, people will see racers in dragon-shaped canoes pulling the oars harmoniously and hurriedly, accompanied by rapid drums, speeding toward their destination.Folk tales say the game originates from the activities of seeking Qu Yuan's body, but experts, after painstaking and meticulous research, conclude that dragon boat racing is a semi-religious, semi-entertaining program from the Warring States Period(475-221 BC).In the following thousands of years, the game spread to Japan, Vietnam and Britain as well as China's Taiwan and Hong Kong.Now dragon boat racing has developed into an aquatic sports item which features both Chinese tradition and modern sporting spirit.In 1980, it was listed into the state sports competition programs and has since been held every year.The award is called ”Qu Yuan Cup.“ Zongzi is an essential food of the Dragon Boat Festival.It is said that people ate them in the Spring and Autumn Period(770-476 BC).In early times, it was only glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in reed or other plant leaves and tied with colored thread, but now the fillings are more diversified, including jujube and bean paste, fresh meat, and ham and egg yolk.If time permits, people will soak glutinous rice, wash reed leaves and wrap up zongzi themselves.Otherwise, they will go to shops to buy whatever stuff they want.The custom of eating zongzi is now popular in North and South Korea, Japan and Southeast Asian nations.On Dragon Boat Festival, parents also need to dress their children up with a perfume pouch.They first sew little bags with colorful silk cloth, then fill the bags with perfumes or herbal medicines, and finally string them with silk threads.The perfume pouch will be hung around the neck or tied to the front of a garment as an ornament.They are said to be able to ward off evil.端午节是古老的传统节日，始于中国的春秋战国时期，至今已有2000多年历史。
据《史记》“屈原贾生列传”记载，屈原，是春秋时期楚怀王的大臣。他倡导举贤授能，富国强兵，力主联齐抗秦，遭到贵族子兰等人的强烈反对，屈原遭馋去职，被赶出都城，流放到沅、湘流域。他在流放中，写下了忧国忧民的《离 8
骚》、《天问》、《九歌》等不朽诗篇，独具风貌，影响深远（因而，端午节也称诗人节）。公元前278年，秦军攻破楚国京都。屈原眼看自己的祖国被侵略，心如刀割，但是始终不忍舍弃自己的祖国，于五月五日，在写下了绝笔作《怀沙》之后，抱石投汨罗江身死，以自己的生命谱写了一曲壮丽的爱国主义乐章。
传说屈原死后，楚国百姓哀痛异常，纷纷涌到汨罗江边去凭吊屈原。渔夫们划起船只，在江上来回打捞他的真身。有位渔夫拿出为屈原准备的饭团、鸡蛋等食物，“扑通、扑通”地丢进江里，说是让鱼龙虾蟹吃饱了，就不会去咬屈大夫的身体了。人们见后纷纷仿效。一位老医师则拿来一坛雄黄酒倒进江里，说是要药晕蛟龙水兽，以免伤害屈大夫。后来为怕饭团为蛟龙所食，人们想出用楝树叶包饭，外缠彩丝，发展成棕子。
賽龙舟，是端午节的主要习俗。相传起源于古时楚国人因舍不得贤臣屈原投江死去，许多人划船追赶拯救。他们争先恐后，追至洞庭湖时不见踪迹。之后每年五月五日划龙舟以纪念之。借划龙舟驱散江中之鱼，以免鱼吃掉屈原的身体。竞渡之习，盛行于吴、越、楚。
其实，“龙舟竞渡”早在战国时代就有了。在急鼓声中划刻成龙形的独木舟，做竞渡游戏，以娱神与乐人，是祭仪中半宗教性、半娱乐性的节目。后来，赛龙舟除纪念屈原之外，在各地人们还付予了不同的寓意。此外，划龙舟也先后传入邻国日本、越南等及英国。1980年，赛龙舟被列入中国国家体育比赛项目，并每年举行“屈原杯”龙舟赛。
端午节吃粽子，这是中国人民的又一传统习俗。粽子，又叫“角黍”、“筒粽”。其由来已久，花样繁多。
据记载，早在春秋时期，用菰叶（茭白叶）包黍米成牛角状，称“角黍”；用竹筒装米密封烤熟，称“筒粽”。一直到今天，每年五月初，中国百姓家家都要浸糯米、洗粽叶、包粽子，其花色品种更为繁多。从馅料看，北方多包小枣的北京枣粽；南方则有豆沙、鲜肉、火腿、蛋黄等多种馅料，其中以浙江嘉兴粽子为代表。吃粽子的风俗，千百年来，在中国盛行不衰，而且流传到朝鲜、日本及东南亚诸国。
端午节小孩佩香囊，传说有避邪驱瘟之意，实际是用于襟头点缀装饰。香囊内有朱砂、雄黄、香药，外包以丝布，清香四溢，再以五色丝线弦扣成索，作各种不同形状，结成一串，形形色色，玲珑可爱。
Double Seventh Festival（七夕）
The Double Seventh Festival, on the 7th day of the 7th lunar month, is a traditional festival full of romance.It often goes into August in the Gregorian calendar.This festival is in mid-summer when the weather is warm and the grass and trees reveal their luxurious greens.At night when the sky is dotted with stars, and people can see the Milky Way spanning from the north to the south.On each bank of it is a bright star, which see each other from afar.They are the Cowherd and Weaver Maid, and about them there is a beautiful love story passed down from generation to generation.Long, long ago, there was an honest and kind-hearted fellow named Niu Lang(Cowhand).His parents died when he was a child.Later he was driven out of his home by his sister-in-law.So he lived by himself herding cattle and farming.One day, a fairy from heaven Zhi Nu(Weaver Maid)fell in love with him and came down secretly to earth and married him.The cowhand farmed in the field and the Weaver Maid wove at home.They lived a happy life and gave birth to a boy and a girl.Unfortunately, the God of Heaven soon found out the fact and ordered the Queen Mother of the Western Heavens to bring the Weaver Maid back.With the help of celestial cattle, the Cowhand flew to heaven with his son and daughter.At the time when he was about to catch up with his wife, the Queen Mother took off one of her gold hairpins and made a stroke.One billowy river appeared in front of the Cowhand.The Cowhand and Weaver Maid were separated on the two banks forever and could only feel their tears.Their loyalty to love touched magpies, so tens of thousands of magpies came to build a bridge for the Cowhand and Weaver Maid to meet each other.The Queen Mother was eventually moved and allowed them to meet each year on the 7th of the 7th lunar month.Hence their meeting date has been called ”Qi Xi“(Double Seventh).Scholars have shown the Double Seventh Festival originated from the Han Dynasty(206 BC-AD220).Historical documents from the Eastern Jin Dynasty(AD371-420)mention the festival, while records from the Tang Dynasty(618-907)depict the grand evening banquet of Emperor Taizong and his concubines.By the Song(960-1279)and Yuan(1279-1368)dynasties, special articles for the ”Qi Xi“ were seen being sold on markets in the capital.The bustling markets demonstrated the significance of the
festival.Today some traditional customs are still observed in rural areas of China, but have been weakened or diluted in urban cities.However, the legend of the Cowhand and Weaver Maid has taken root in the hearts of the people.In recent years, in particular, urban youths have celebrated it as Valentine's Day in China.As a result, owners of flower shops, bars and stores are full of joy as they sell more commodities for love.在我国，农历七月初七的夜晚，天气温暖，草木飘香，这就是人们俗称的七夕节，也有人称之为“乞巧节”或“女儿节”，这是中国传统节日中最具浪漫色彩的一个节日，也是过去姑娘们最为重视的日子。
在晴朗的夏秋之夜，天上繁星闪耀，一道白茫茫的银河横贯南北，争河的东西两岸，各有一颗闪亮的星星，隔河相望，遥遥相对，那就是牵牛星和织女星。
相传在很早以前，南阳城西牛家庄里有个聪明．忠厚的小伙子，父母早亡，只好跟着哥哥嫂子度日，嫂子马氏为人狠毒，经常虐待他，逼他干很多的活，一天，天上的织女和诸仙女一起下凡游戏，在河里洗澡，牛郎在老牛的帮助下认识了织女，二人互生情意，后来织女便偷偷下凡，来到人间，做了牛郎的妻子。男耕女织，情深意重，他们生了一男一女两个孩子，一家人生活得很幸福。但是好景不长，这事很快便让天帝知道，王母娘娘亲自下凡来，强行把织女带回天上，恩爱夫妻被拆散。
牛郎上天无路，还是老牛告诉牛郎，在它死后，可以用它的皮做成鞋，穿着就可以上天。牛郎按照老牛的话做了，穿上牛皮做的鞋，拉着自己的儿女，一起腾云驾雾上天去追织女，眼见就要追到了，岂知王母娘娘拔下头上的金簪一挥，一道波涛汹涌的天河就出现了，牛郎和织女被隔在两岸，只能相对哭泣流泪。他们的忠贞爱情感动了喜鹊，千万只喜鹊飞来，搭成鹊桥，让牛郎织女走上鹊桥相会，王母娘娘对此也无奈，只好允许两人在每年七月七日于鹊桥相会。
七夕乞巧，这个节日起源于汉代，东晋葛洪的《西京杂记》有“汉彩女常以七月七日穿七孔针于开襟楼，人俱习之”的记载，这便是我们于古代文献中所见到的最早的关于乞巧的记载。后来的唐宋诗词中，妇女乞巧也被屡屡提及，唐朝王建有诗说“阑珊星斗缀珠光，七夕宫娥乞巧忙”。据《开元天宝遗事》载：唐太宗与妃子每逢七夕在清宫夜宴，宫女们各自乞巧，这一习俗在民间也经久不衰，代代延续。
直到今日，七夕仍是一个富有浪漫色彩传统节日。但不少习俗活动已弱化或消失，惟有象征忠贞爱情的牛郎织女的传说，一直流传民间。
Mid-Autumn Festival（中秋节）
The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month, usually in October in Gregorian calendar.The festival has a long history.In ancient China, emperors followed the rite of offering sacrifices to the sun in spring and to the moon in autumn.Historical books of the Zhou Dynasty had had the word ”Mid-Autumn“.Later aristocrats and literary figures helped expand the ceremony to common people.They enjoyed the full, bright moon on that day, worshipped it and expressed their thoughts and feelings under it.By the Tang Dynasty(618-907), the Mid-Autumn Festival had been fixed, which became even grander in the Song Dynasty(960-1279).In the Ming(1368-1644)and Qing(1644-1911)dynasties, it grew to be a major festival of China.Folklore about the origin of the festival go like this: In remote antiquity, there were ten suns rising in the sky, which scorched all crops and drove people into dire poverty.A hero named Hou Yi was much worried about this, he ascended to the top of the Kunlun Mountain and, directing his superhuman strength to full extent, drew his extraordinary bow and shot down the nine superfluous suns one after another.He also ordered the last sun to rise and set according to time.For this reason, he was respected and loved by the people and lots of people of ideals and integrity came to him to learn martial arts from him.A person named Peng Meng lurked in them.Hou Yi had a beautiful and kindhearted wife named Chang E.One day on his way to the Kunlun Mountain to call on friends, he ran upon the Empress of Heaven Wangmu who was passing by.Empress Wangmu presented to him a parcel of elixir, by taking which, it was said, one would ascend immediately to heaven and become a celestial being.Hou Yi, however, hated to part with his wife.So he gave the elixir to Chang E to treasure for the time being.Chang E hid the parcel in a treasure box at her dressing table when, unexpectedly, it was seen by Peng Meng.One day when Hou Yi led his disciples to go hunting, Peng Meng, sword in hand, rushed into the inner chamber and forced Chang E to hand over the elixir.Aware that she was unable to defeat Peng Meng, Chang E made a prompt decision at that critical moment.She turned round to open her treasure box, took up the elixir and swallowed
it in one gulp.As soon as she swallowed the elixir her body floated off the ground, dashed out of the window and flew towards heaven.Peng Meng escaped.When Hou Yi returned home at dark, he knew from the maidservants what had happened.Overcome with grief, Hou Yi looked up into the night sky and called out the name of his beloved wife when, to his surprise, he found that the moon was especially clear and bight and on it there was a swaying shadow that was exactly like his wife.He tried his best to chase after the moon.But as he ran, the moon retreated;as he withdrew, the moon came back.He could not get to the moon at all.Thinking of his wife day and night, Hou Yi then had an incense table arranged in the back garden that Chang E loved.Putting on the table sweetmeats and fresh fruits Chang E enjoyed most, Hou Yi held at a distance a memorial ceremony for Chang E who was sentimentally attached to him in the palace of the moon.When people heard of the story that Chang E had turned into a celestial being, they arranged the incense table in the moonlight one after another and prayed kindhearted Chang E for good fortune and peace.From then on the custom of worshiping the moon spread among the people.People in different places follow various customs, but all show their love and longing for a better life.Today people will enjoy the full moon and eat moon cakes on that day.The moon looks extremely round, big and bright on the 15th day of each lunar month.People selected the August 15 to celebrate because it is a season when crops and fruits are all ripe and weather pleasant.On the Mid-Autumn Festival, all family members or friends meet outside, putting food on tables and looking up at the sky while talking about life.How splendid a moment it is!每年农历八月十五日，是传统的中秋佳节。这时是一年秋季的中期，所以被称为中秋。
中秋节有悠久的历史，和其它传统节日一样，也是慢慢发展形成的，古代帝王有春天祭日，秋天祭月的礼制，早在《周礼》一书中，已有“中秋”一词的记载。后来贵族和文人学士也仿效起来，在中秋时节，对着天上又亮又圆一轮皓月，观赏祭拜，寄托情怀，这种习俗就这样传到民间，形成一个传统的活动，一直到了唐代，这种祭月的风俗更为人们重视，中秋节才成为固定的节日，《唐书·太宗记》记载有“八月十五中秋节”，这个节日盛行于宋朝，至明清时，已与元旦齐名，成
为我国的主要节日之一。
相传，远古时候天上有十日同时出现，晒得庄稼枯死，民不聊生，一个名叫后羿的英雄，力大无穷，他同情受苦的百姓，登上昆仑山顶，运足神力，拉开神弓，一气射下九个多太阳，并严令最后一个太阳按时起落，为民造福。后羿因此受到百姓的尊敬和爱戴，不少志士慕名前来投师学艺，心术不正的蓬蒙也混了进来。
后羿有一个美丽的妻子叫“嫦娥”。一天，后羿到昆仑山访友求道，巧遇由此经过的王母娘娘，便向王母求得一包不死药。据说，服下此药，能即刻升天成仙。然而，后羿舍不得撇下妻子，只好暂时把不死药交给嫦娥珍藏。嫦娥将药藏进梳妆台的百宝匣里，不料被小人蓬蒙看见了。
一天，率众徒外出狩猎，蓬蒙手持宝剑闯入内宅后院，威逼嫦娥交出不死药。嫦娥知道自己不是蓬蒙的对手，危急之时她当机立断，转身打开百宝匣，拿出不死药一口吞了下去。嫦娥吞下药，身子立时飘离地面、冲出窗口，向天上飞去。蓬蒙便借机逃走了。
傍晚，后羿回到家，侍女们哭诉了白天发生的事。后羿气得捶胸顿足，悲痛欲绝，仰望着夜空呼唤爱妻的名字，这时他惊奇地发现，今天的月亮格外皎洁明亮，而且有个晃动的身影酷似嫦娥。他拼命朝月亮追去，可是他追三步，月亮退三步，他退三步，月亮进三步，无论怎样也追不到跟前。
后羿无可奈何，又思念妻子，只好派人到嫦娥喜爱的后花园里，摆上香案，放上她平时最爱吃的蜜食鲜果，遥祭在月宫里眷恋着自己的嫦娥。百姓们闻知嫦娥奔月成仙的消息后，纷纷在月下摆设香案，向善良的嫦娥祈求吉祥平安。
中秋节的习俗很多，形式也各不相同，但都寄托着人们对生活无限的热爱和对美好生活的向往。
在今天，中秋节的时候，人们都会吃月饼。月下游玩的习俗，已远没有旧时盛行。但设宴赏月仍很盛行，人们把酒问月，庆贺美好的生活，或祝远方的亲人健康快乐，和家人“千里共婵娟”。
Double Ninth Festival（重阳节）
The 9th day of the 9th lunar month is the traditional Chongyang Festival, or Double
Ninth Festival.It usually falls in October in the Gregorian calendar.In an ancient and mysterious book Yi Jing, or The Book of Changes, number ”6“ was thought to be of Yin character, meaning feminine or negative, while number ”9“ was thought to be Yang, meaning masculine or positive.So the number nine in both month and day create the Double Ninth Festival, or Chongyang Festival.Chong in Chinese means ”double.“ Also, as double ninth was pronounced the same as the word to signify ”forever“, both are ”Jiu Jiu,“ the Chinese ancestors considered it an auspicious day worth celebration.That's why ancient Chinese began to celebrate this festival long time ago.The custom of ascending a height to avoid epidemics was passed down from long time ago.Therefore, the Double Ninth Festival is also called ”Height Ascending Festival“.The height people will reach is usually a mountain or a tower.Ancient literary figures have left many poems depicting the activity.Even today, people still swarm to famous or little known mountains on this day.On this day, people will eat Double Ninth Gao(or Cake).In Chinese, gao(cake)has the same pronunciation with gao(height).People do so just to hope progress in everything they are engaged in.There is no fixed ways for the Double Ninth Cake, but super cakes will have as many as nine layers, looking like a tower.The Double Ninth Festival is also a time when chrysanthemum blooms.China boasts diversified species of chrysanthemum and people have loved them since ancient times.So enjoying the flourishing chrysanthemum also becomes a key activity on this festival.Also, people will drink chrysanthemum wine.Women used to stick such a flower into their hair or hang its branches on windows or doors to avoid evilness.In 1989, the Chinese government decided the Double Ninth Festival as Seniors' Day.Since then, all government units, organizations and streets communities will organize an autumn trip each year for those who have retired from their posts.At the waterside or on the mountains, the seniors will find themselves merged into nature.Younger generations will bring elder ones to suburban areas or send gifts to them on this day.农历九月九日，为传统的重阳节。因为古老的《易经》中把“六”定为阴数，把“九”定为阳数，九月九日，日月并阳，两九相重，故而叫重阳，也叫重九，古人认为是个值得庆贺的吉利日子，并且从很早就开始过此节日。
在古代，民间在重阳有登高的风俗，故重阳节又叫“登高节”。相传此风俗始
于东汉。唐代文人所写的登高诗很多，大多是写重阳节的习俗；杜甫的七律《登高》，就是写重阳登高的名篇。登高所到之处，没有划一的规定，一般是登高山、登高塔。
在这一天，人们还有吃“重阳糕”的习俗。在汉语里，“糕”与“高”同音，”，人们会用“吃糕”代替“登高”，祝愿百事俱高。重阳糕又称花糕、菊糕、五色糕，制无定法，较为随意。最高的有九层，像一个塔。
重阳节正是一年的金秋时节，菊花盛开，民间还把农历九月称为“菊月”，在菊花傲霜怒放的重阳节里，观赏菊花成了节日的一项重要内容，当然，人们也会喝一些菊花酒。女人会把茱萸插在头上或挂在门口，可以避难消灾。
今天的重阳节，被赋予了新的含义，在1989年，我国把每年的九月九日定为老人节，传统与现代巧妙地结合，成为尊老、敬老、爱老、助老的老年人的节日。全国各机关、团体、街道，往往都在此时组织从工作岗位上退下来的老人们秋游赏景，或临水玩乐，或登山健体，让身心都沐浴在大自然的怀抱里；不少家庭的晚辈也会搀扶着年老的长辈到郊外活动或为老人准备一些可口的饮食。
Winter Solstice（冬至）
As early as 2,500 years ago, about the Spring and Autumn Period(770-476 BC), China had determined the point of Winter Solstice by observing movements of the sun with a sundial.It is the earliest of the 24 seasonal division points.The time will be each December 22 or 23 according to the Gregorian calendar.The Northern hemisphere on this day experiences the shortest daytime and longest nighttime.After the Winter Solstice, days will become longer and longer.As ancient Chinese thought, the yang, or muscular, positive things will become stronger and stronger after this day, so it should be celebrated.The Winter Solstice became a festival during the Han Dynasty(206 BC-220 AD)and thrived in the Tang and Song dynasties(618-1279).The Han people regarded Winter Solstice as a ”Winter Festival“, so officials would organize celebrating activities.On this day, both officials and common people would have a rest.The army was stationed in, frontier fortresses closed and business and traveling stopped.Relatives and friends presented to each other delicious food.In the Tang and Song dynasties, the Winter Solstice was a day to offer scarifies to Heaven and ancestors.Emperors would go to
suburbs to worship the Heaven;while common people offered sacrifices to their deceased parents or other relatives.The Qing Dynasty(1644-1911)even had the record that ”Winter Solstice is as formal as the Spring Festival," showing the great importance attached to this day.In some parts of Northern China, people eat dumpling soup on this day;while residents of some other places eat dumplings, saying doing so will keep them from frost in the upcoming winter.But in parts of South China, the whole family will get together to have a meal made of red-bean and glutinous rice to drive away ghosts and other evil things.In other places, people also eat tangyuan, a kind of stuffed small dumpling ball made of glutinous rice flour.The Winter Solstice rice dumplings could be used as sacrifices to ancestors, or gifts for friends and relatives.The Taiwan people even keep the custom of offering nine-layer cakes to their ancestors.They make cakes in the shape of chicken, duck, tortoise, pig, cow or sheep with glutinous rice flour and steam them on different layers of a pot.These animals all signify auspiciousness in Chinese tradition.People of the same surname or family clan gather at their ancestral temples to worship their ancestors in age order.After the sacrificial ceremony, there is always a grand banquet.冬至，是我国农历中一个非常重要的节气，也是一个传统节日，至今仍有不少地方有过冬至节的习俗。冬至俗称“冬节”、“长至节”、“亚岁”等。早在二千五百多年前的春秋时代，我国已经用土圭观测太阳测定出冬至来了，它是二十四节气中最早制订出的一个。时间在每年的阳历12月22日或者23日之间。
冬至是北半球全年中白天最短、黑夜最长的一天，过了冬至，白天就会一天天变长。古人对冬至的说法是：阴极之至，阳气始生，日南至，日短之至，日影长之至，故曰“冬至”。冬至过后，各地气候都进入一个最寒冷的阶段，也就是人们常说的“进九”，我国民间有“冷在三九，热在三伏”的说法。现代天文科学测定，冬至日太阳直射南回归线，阳光对北半球最倾斜，北半球白天最短，黑夜最长，这天之后，太阳又逐渐北移。
在我国古代对冬至很重视，冬至被当作一个较大节日，曾有“冬至大如年”的说法，而且有庆贺冬至的习俗。《汉书》中说：“冬至阳气起，君道长，故贺。”人们认为：过了冬至，白昼一天比一天长，阳气回升，是一个节气循环的开始，也是一个吉日，应该庆贺。《晋书》上记载有“魏晋冬至日受万国及百僚称贺……其仪亚于正旦。”说明古代对冬至日的重视。
现在，一些地方还把冬至作为一个节日来过。北方地区有冬至宰羊，吃饺子、吃馄饨的习俗，南方地区在这一天则有吃冬至米团、冬至长线面的习惯。各个地区在冬至这一天还有祭天祭祖的习俗。
第四篇：中国行政机关中英文对照
市委常委会Standing Committee of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委办公厅General Office of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委督察室Superintendent Office of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委群众工作协调办公室Mass Work Coordination Office of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委台湾工作办公室Taiwan Affairs Office of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委研究室Policy Research Office of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委党史研究室Party History Research Office of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委组织部Organizational Department of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委宣传部Publicity Department of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委对外宣传局International Communication Bureau of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委统战部United Front Work Department of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委保密局Secrets Bureau of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委机要局Confidential Affairs Bureau of the CPC Handan Committee 市委直属机关工作委员会Work Commission for Offices Directly Under the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委农村工作委员会Rural Affairs Commission of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委政法委Political and Legal Affairs Commission of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委纪律检查委员会Commission for Discipline and Inspection of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委老干部局Bureau for Retired Professionals of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委机关事务管理局Logistics Management Bureau of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee 市委党校Party School of the CPC Handan Municipal Committee
邯郸市人民代表大会
Handan Municipal People’s Congress
市人大常委会Standing Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress 市人大常委会办公厅General Office of the Standing Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress
市人大常委会机关党委Party Committee for the Organs of the Standing Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress
市人大法制委员会LegislativeCommittee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress 市人大常委会法制工作委员会Legislative Affairs Commission of the Standing Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress
市人大内务司法委员会Internal and Judicial Affairs Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress
市人大财政经济委员会Finance and Economic Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress
市人大农村经济委员会Rural Economic Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress
市人大城乡建设和环境保护委员会Committee for Urban and Rural Constructionand Environmental Protection of Handan Municipal People’s Congress 市人大教育科学文化卫生委员会Committee for Education, Science, Culture and Public Health of Handan Municipal People’s Congress
市人大民族华侨外事委员会Committee for Ethnic, Overseas Chinese and Foreign Affairs of Handan Municipal People’s Congress
市人大常委会研究室Legislative Research Office of the Standing Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress 市人大常委会选举任免代表工作委员会Committee for Elections, Appointments, Removals and Deputies Affairs of the Standing Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress
市人大常委会培训中心Training Center of the Standing Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Congress
邯郸市人民政府及省垂直管理机构 Handan Municipal People’s Government and
the Units Managed directly by the Departments of Hebei Provincial
Government in Handan City 市政府办公厅 General Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government 市人民政府督促检查办公室Superintendent Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government
市人民政府新闻办公室 Information Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government 市政府研究室Research Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government 市人民政府法制办公室Legislative Affairs Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government
市人民政府外事侨务办公室Foreign and Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government
市优化经济发展环境办公室Handan Municipal Office for Promoting Socio-economic Development 市人民政府行政审批综合服务中心Multiple Service Center for Administrative Approvaland Examinations of Handan Municipal People’s Government 市行政审批制度改革工作领导小组Handan Municipal Leading Group for Reforming in Administrative Examinations and Approval Systems 市发展和改革委员会Handan Municipal Commission for Development and Reform 邯郸市信息化工作办公室Handan Municipal Informatization Office 邯郸市信息产业局Handan Municipal Information Industry Bureau 邯郸市信息中心Handan Municipal Information Center 市人口和计划生育委员会Handan Municipal Commission for Population and Family Planning 市爱国卫生运动委员会Handan Municipal Committee for Patriotic Sanitation Campaign 市政府国有资产监督管理委员会Commission for Supervision and Management of State Property of Handan Municipal People’s Government
市人民政府机关事务管理局Government Supply Bureau of Handan Municipal People’s Government
市财政局Handan Municipal Finance Bureau 市信访局Handan Municipal Bureau for Complaints 市劳动和社会保障局Handan Municipal Labor and Social Security Bureau 市整顿和规范市场经济秩序领导小组办公室Handan Municipal Leading Group Office for Market Economy Rectification and Regulation 市企业兼并破产和职工再就业工作领导小组Handan Municipal Leading Group for the Amalgamations and Bankrupt Enterprises and the Re-employment of Laid-off Workers 市中小企业局Handan Municipal Medium and Small Enterprises Bureau 市工业经济促进局Handan Municipal Bureau for the Promotion of the Industrial Economy 市物价局Handan Municipal Prices Bureau 市公用事业管理局Handan Municipal Public Affairs Administrative Bureau 市粮食局Handan Municipal Grain Bureau 市档案局Handan Municipal Archives Bureau 市卫生局Handan Municipal Public Health Bureau 市文化局Handan Municipal Cultural Bureau 市人事局Handan Municipal Personnel Bureau 市机构编制委员会Handan Municipal Commission for Public Service Structure and Establishment Administration 市民族宗教事务局Handan Municipal Ethnic and Religious Affairs Bureau 市国土资源局Handan Municipal Land and Resources Bureau 市统计局Handan Municipal Statistics Bureau 市民政局Handan Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau 市商务局Handan Municipal Commercial Affairs Bureau 市广播电视局 Handan Municipal Radio and Television Bureau 市环境保护局Handan Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau 市地震局Handan Municipal Seismological Bureau 市气象局Handan Municipal Meteorological Bureau 市审计局Handan Municipal Auditing Bureau 市房产管理局Handan Municipal Realty Administrative Bureau 市旅游局Handan Municipal Tourism Bureau 市农业局Handan Municipal Agriculture Bureau 市林业局Handan Municipal Forestry Bureau 市畜牧水产局Handan Municipal Animal Husbandry and Aquatic Products Bureau 市交通局Handan Municipal Communications Bureau 市文物事业管理局Handan Municipal Cultural Relics Administrative Bureau 市城市管理局Handan Municipal Bureau for Urban Administration 市水利局Handan Municipal Water Resources Bureau 市规划局Handan MunicipalBureau for Urban Planning 市建设局Handan Municipal Construction Bureau 市安全生产监督管理局Handan Municipal SupervisoryBureau for Work Safety 市食品药品监督管理局Handan Municipal Supervisory Bureau for Food and Drugs 市科学技术局Handan Municipal Science and Technology Bureau 市教育局Handan Municipal Education Bureau 市体育局Handan Municipal SportsBureau 市公安局Handan Municipal Bureau for Public Security 市国家安全局Handan Municipal Bureau for State Security 市司法局Handan Municipal Justice Bureau 市人防办公室Handan Municipal Office for Air Defenses 市机场指挥部Handan Municipal Airport Construction Headquarters 市政府采购中心Handan Municipal Government Procurement Center 市政府蔬菜办公室Vegetables Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government 市农业资源区划办公室Handan Municipal Office for Agricultural Resource Division 市农业开发办公室Handan Municipal Agricultural Development Office 市金融办公室Handan Municipal Financing Office 市建筑业管理办公室Handan Municipal Administrative Office for ConstructionIndustry 市政府纠正行业不正之风办公室Anti-corruption Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government
市政府军队转业干部安置工作办公室Work Office for Placement of Ex-Military Officers of Handan Municipal People’s Government 市政府口岸办公室Port Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government 市散装水泥办公室Handan Municipal Office for Bulk Cement 市新能源办公室Handan Municipal Office for New Energy Sources 市扶贫办公室Handan MunicipalOffice for Poverty Relief 市扶贫开发领导小组Handan Municipal Leading Group for the Poverty Relief and Development 市语言文字工作委员会Handan Municipal Language Affairs Committee 市商业网点建设管理办公室Handan Municipal Office for the Construction and Management of Commercial Networks 市绿化委员会Handan Municipal Afforestation Committee 市防汛抗旱指挥部Handan Municipal Headquarters for Flood and Drought Control 市政府妇女儿童工作委员会Women and Children Services Committee of Handan Municipal People’s Government
市老龄工作委员会Handan Municipal CommitteeforAging People Services 市政府驻北京办事处Representative Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government in Beijing 市政府驻天津办事处Representative Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government in Tianjin 市政府驻深圳办事处Representative Office of Handan Municipal People’s Government in Shenzhen 市国家税务局Handan Municipal State Taxation Bureau 市地方税务局Handan Municipal Local Taxation Bureau 市工商行政管理局Handan Municipal Administrative Bureau forIndustry and Commerce 市质量技术监督局Handan Municipal Bureau for Quality and Technical Supervision 邯郸无线电管理委员会Handan Municipal Commission for Radio Management 邯郸仲裁委员会Handan Arbitratral Commission 邯郸烟草专卖局Handan Tobacco Monopoly Bureau 石家庄海关驻邯郸办事处Shijiazhuang Customs Office in Handan City 邯邢冶金矿山管理局Handan-Xingtai Administrative Bureau for Metallurgy and Mine 市邮政局Handan Municipal Post Office 中国人民银行邯郸市分行People’s Bank of China Handan Branch
邯郸出入境检验检疫局Handan Municipal Bureau for Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine 市世界银行贷款城市环境项目管理办公室Handan Municipal Administrative Office for World Bank Loans to Urban Environmental Projects 市南水北调工程建设委员会Handan Municipal Construction Committee for the South-to-North Water Diversion Project 邯郸日报Handan Daily 邯郸晚报Handan Evening Newspaper 中原商报Zhongyuan Commercial Newspaper
中国人民政治协商会议邯郸市委员会
Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference（CPPCC）
Handan Municipal Committee
市政协常务委员会Standing Committee of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政协办公厅General Office of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政协研究室Research Office of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政协提案委员会Committee for Handling Proposals of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政协财政经济委员会Finance and Economic Committee of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政协人口资源环境委员会Committee for Population, Resources and Environment of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政协教科文卫体委员会Committee for Education, Science, Culture, Health and Sports of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政协社会法制和民族宗教委员会Committee for Social，Legal，Ethnic and Religious Affairs of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政协港澳台侨和外事委员会Committee for Liaison with Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, Overseas Chinese and Foreign Affairs of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政协文史资料委员会Committee of Cultural and Historical Data of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee 市政协机关党委Party Committee for Organs of the CPPCC Handan Municipal Committee
法院和检察院 Court and Procuratorate
市中级人民法院Handan Municipal Intermediate People’s Court 市人民检察院Handan Municipal People’s Procuratorate
民主党派 Democratic Parties
中国国民党革命委员会邯郸市委员会Handan Municipal Committee of the Revolution Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang 中国民主同盟邯郸市委员会Handan Municipal Committee of China Democratic League 中国民主建国邯郸市委员会Handan Municipal Committee of China Democratic National Construction Association 中国民主促进会邯郸市委员会Handan Municipal Committee of China Association for Promoting Democracy 中国农工民主党邯郸市委员会Handan Municipal Committee of Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party 九三学社邯郸市委员会Handan Municipal Committee of Jiu San Society
人民团体和社会团体 People’sOrganizations and Public Organizations
市总工会Handan Municipal Federation of Trade Unions 共青团邯郸市委Handan Municipal Committee of the Communist Youth League of China 市妇女联合会Handan Municipal Women’s Federation
市社会科学界联合会Handan Municipal Federation of Social Science Circles 中国国际贸易促进委员会邯郸市支会Handan Municipal Sub-Branch of China Council for the Promotion of International Trade 市农业服务协会总会Handan Municipal Agricultural Services Federation 市外商投资企业协会Handan Municipal Association of Enterprises with Foreign Investment 市归国华侨联合会Handan Municipal Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese 市文学艺术界联合会Handan Municipal Federation of Literary and Art Circles 市残疾人联合会Handan Municipal Federation for the Disabled 市工商联合会Handan Municipal Federation of Industry and Commerce 市消费者协会Handan Municipal Consumers Association 市科学技术协会Handan Municipal Association for Science and Technology 市翻译工作者协会Handan Municipal Translators Association 市新闻工作者协会Handan Municipal Journalists Association 市红十字会Handan Municipal Red Cross Society 市执业药师协会Handan Municipal Licensed Pharmacists Association
职位 Positions
(市委)书记Party Secretary(市委)副书记Deputy Party Secretary(市委)常委Member of the Standing Committee(市委各部)部长 Departmental Chief(市委各部)副部长Departmental Deputy Chief（人大）主任 Chairman（人大）副主任Deputy Chairman 市长Mayor 代市长 Acting Mayor 常务副市长First DeputyMayor 副市长Deputy Mayor 巡视员 Inspector 市长助理Assistant Mayor 党组书记 Secretary of the Party Leadership Group（政协）主席Chairman（政协）副主席Deputy Chairman 秘书长Secretary General 副秘书长Deputy Secretary General 办公厅主任Director of the General Office 办公厅副主任Deputy Director of the General Office 邯郸市人大代表 Deputy to Handan Municipal People's Congress 主任委员 Chairman 委员 Member 县长County Chief 代县长 Acting County Chief 常务副县长First Deputy County Chief 副县长Deputy County Chief 办公室主任Director of the Office 办公室副主任 Deputy Director of the Office 局长Director（注：部级或副部级局的局长常用Director General）副局长Deputy Director（政府的委员会）主任Chairman of the Commission（政府的委员会）副主任 Deputy Chairman of the Commission 调研员Investigator 助理调研员Associate Investigator 区长 District Chief 副区长Deputy District Chief 处长（县级）Division Chief 副处长（县级）Deputy Division Chief 镇长TownChief 副镇长Deputy TownChief 乡长TownshipChief 副乡长Deputy TownshipChief 处（科）长Section Chief 副处（科）长Deputy Section Chief 科员 Clerk或Officer 大队长 Group Leader 站长 Station Chief 副站长 Deputy Station Chief 发言人 Spokesman 顾问 Adviser（人民法院）院长 President(People’s Courts)（人民法庭）庭长 Chief Judge(People’s Tribunals)审判长 Chief Judge 审判员 Judge 书记员 Clerk of the Court 法医 Legal Medical Expert 法警 Judicial Policeman（人民检察院）检察长 Procurator General(People’s Procuratorate)
说明
1、市委“书记”不能译作“Secretary”。否则，市委书记会被误认为是书记员或秘书（抄抄写写）。
2、市委各部的“副部长”应当译作“Departmental Deputy Chief”，不可译作“Deputy Departmental Chief”，更不能译作Deputy Minister（Minister是国务院各部的部长）。这里的“副”也不能译作vice等。汉语的“副”只有一个字，但译成英语时不可只用一个单词。常用的译法有：副总统vice-president, 副省长deputy provincial governor, 副厅长deputy director-general, 副教授associate professor等。
3、有人将“市委”翻译为“Handan Municipal Committee of the the CPC”尽管也是正确的，但根据名称的翻译“宜短不宜长”的原则，故采用“the CPC Handan Municipal Committee”这种译法。
4、协会一般译作Association、Institute、Union等，学会一般译作Society、Academy、College、Institute等。但根据统计发现，我国目前普遍将“协会”译作Association，“学会”译作Society，这种译法也已被国内外所接受。
5、上述译名中个别单词英美拼写有所不同，这里均采用的是美国英语。如果阅读对象为使用英国英语的国家，建议使用英国英语的拼写方式，以示尊重。这种情况只出现在几个少数译名中，如组织部、劳动局、人防办、各种中心等。在这几个及其相关的英文译名中，相关单词的英国英语拼写方式分别为Organisational、Centre、Labour、Defences等。除此之外，译名中其余的单词英美拼写方式完全一样。
6、市消费者协会、市翻译工作者协会和市新闻工作者协会如果按英国英语翻译，应当分别在Consumers、Translators和Journalists后加“’”，即Handan Municipal Consumers’ Association、Handan Municipal Translators’ Association和Handan Municipal Journalists’ Association。其他译名英美译法没有区别。
7、邯郸市委、市政府等名称中的“邯郸市„”应当译为“Handan Municipal„”（这种译法正在被国内外所接受），而不译为“Handan City„”。
我国的“市”作为行政区，从上而下有三个级别，即省级（Provincial Level）、地级（Prefectural Level）和县级（County Level）。目前较通行的做法是，直辖市译为Municipality（直辖市全称是Municipality directly under the Central Government）, 县级市一概译作City。但地级市为什么也要译为Municipality（作定语时用Municipal）,而不能译为City。
名词Municipality在《韦氏辞典》中的释义是: a city, town or other district possessing corporate existence and usually its own local government。形容词Municipal在《朗曼当代英语词典》中的释义是concerning(the parts of)a town, city etc.under its own government。
从上述释义可以看出，Municipality和Municipal的适用范围很广，可大可小，大至我们的直辖市，小至一个小城镇。
在世界许多地方，如菲律宾、以色列等国，Municipality 经常被用作省一级或省以下行政区域名称。在加拿大，Municipality也作为省下的一级行政区域，如在安大略省下就有一个滑铁卢地区市，叫作Regional Municipality of Waterloo，该地区市下辖8个自治市。
而City相对来说更多地特指城市区域（地理概念），而不作为一个大范围的包括农村在内的一级行政区名，如美国和日本，一般都是一个county（县）下辖好多cities，而不是city下辖多个counties。如果将我国的地级市译作city，那么这个“city”就要统辖多个counties 和县一级的cities了。这与国际上的通行用法不太一致（因为city的原意并不包括农村在内）。
据此，我们应当将行政区划意义上的“邯郸市„”译为“Handan Municipal„”，而不译为“Handan City„”（但地理概念上的地址等，如邯郸市人民东路178号，则必须将“邯郸市”译为“Handan City”。
8、上述译名可授权发布，未获授权请注明出处，载明“选自邯郸市翻译协会编写的《邯郸市国家机关人民团体等部分机构和职位的英文译名》”等内容。
第五篇：希拉里纽约大学毕业典礼演讲辞(中英文对照)
Commencement Speech at New York University by Hillary Clinton Thank you.Thank you so much.Thank you.And does it get any better than this, a graduation ceremony for one of the great universities in the world in the home of New York Yankees? Nothing could be better.(Applause.)And thanks to all of you for cheering a visitor.I didn't realize that was permitted in Yankee Stadium.I am honored to receive this degree.And on behalf of the other honorees, I say thank you.Thank you for giving us this singular privilege of being part of this commencement ceremony.As I look out at this huge crowd of graduates, family, and friends, I can only reflect on what an extraordinary moment in history you are receiving your degrees, a moment in time of our country and the world where your talents and your energy, your passion and commitment is more needed than ever.There is no doubt that you are well prepared for a world that seems somewhat uncertain but which will welcome the education that you have received on behalf of not only of yourselves and your families, but your communities and your country.As Secretary of State, I am well aware of the challenges that we face.You, as new graduates, and your generation will be up against those challenges: climate change and hunger, extreme poverty and extreme ideologies, new diseases and nuclear proliferation.But I am absolutely convinced that you and we are up to the task.There is no problem we face here in America or around the world that will not yield to human effort, to cooperation, to positive interdependence that makes clear humanity is going on, our challenges are ones that summon the best of us, and we will make the world better tomorrow than it is today.(Applause.)
Now, I know that it is fashionable in commencement speeches to be idealistic, and that may sound so, but at the root of my conviction is a strong sense of reality.Because you see, I don’t think we have a choice.We can sit on the sidelines, we can wring our hands, we can retreat into cynicism, and we know what the results will be: We will cede the field to those whose ideologies are absolutely anathema to people of conscience and faith all over the world.So our positive interdependence, which is a fact, will prepare us to meet these challenges.But they can no longer be seen just as government-to-government.There is a time and an opportunity, and with the new technologies available, for us to be citizen diplomats, citizen activists, to solve problems one by one that will give in to hard work, patience, and persistence, and will then aggregate to the solutions we seek.Now, I know we cannot send a special envoy to negotiate with a pandemic, or call a summit with carbon dioxide, or sever relations with the global financial crisis.To confront these threats and to seize the opportunities that they also present, we need to build new partnerships from the bottom up, and to use every tool at our disposal.That is the heart of smart power.But smart power requires smart people, people who have gone the distance for their education, who have opened themselves up to this increasingly complex and interconnected world, and this changing global landscape requires us to expand our concept of diplomacy.Now, when I was graduating so many years ago, diplomacy was the domain of privileged men working behind closed doors.Today, our diplomats are not limited, and our diplomacy is no longer confined to the State Department or our embassies.We are laying the foundation for 21st century statecraft.Where? In the classrooms of NYU, in the board rooms of the businesses of this great city, in the halls of academia, in the1
operating rooms of our great hospitals.We are looking for those personal commitments and connections, and that is where all of you come in.The biggest challenges we face today will be solved by the 60 percent of the world’s population under the age of 30.And already, young people, like all of you, are using their talents and ingenuity to help fashion their own brand of service and diplomacy.A few examples: In the nation of Colombia, two young college graduates, fed up with the violence in their country, used Facebook to organize 14 million people into the largest antiterrorism demonstrations in the history of the world.(Applause.)In a few short weeks, their peaceful efforts did as much damage to the terrorist networks as years of military action.I know that one of your graduates spent months on the slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro searching for sustainable development models to bring to women and families and help them lift themselves out of poverty.Another of your classmates was studying in China last year when the devastating earthquake struck, and that has led to work ever since to deliver supplies and assistance to villagers in remote areas.International students have gone on to fight for human rights in Rwanda, build civil society in the nation of Georgia, run businesses, and lead governments.And many of you, I know, used social networking platforms to make Barack Obama the President of the United States of America.(Applause.)
President Obama and I deeply understand how important it is for the young people of our country, but the young people of every country, to be given the opportunity to translate your beliefs and ideals into service and action, just as John Kennedy did when he created the Peace Corps and as President Bill Clinton did when he created AmeriCorps.This is in the tradition of citizen service.(Applause.)
So we need to figure out ways to prepare all of our institutions of government, including and especially the State Department, to harness the efforts of those who do not enter the Foreign Service but still engage in your own type of foreign service.Our State Department personnel are skilled, dedicated, passionate, and effective.And for those of you still looking for jobs, we are hiring a new generation of diplomats.(Applause.)
I hope many of you will join our ranks in the Foreign Service and the Civil Service, but I know that not all will choose to become professional diplomats, and I also know that the State Department alone cannot tackle these great problems.So my message to you today is this: Be the special envoys of your ideals;use the communication tools at your disposal to advance the interests of our nation and humanity everywhere;be citizen ambassadors using your personal and professional lives to forge global partnerships, build on a common commitment to solving our planet’s common problems.By creating your own networks, you can extend the power of governments to meet the needs of this and future generations.You can help lay the groundwork for the kind of global cooperation that is essential if we wish, in our time, to end hunger and defeat disease, to combat climate change, and to give every child the chance to live up to his or her God-given potential.(Applause.)
This starts with opportunities for educational exchanges, the kind of dorm room and classroom diplomacy that NYU is leading on.I want to commend my friend, your president, the trustees of this great university,for understanding and believing in the importance of educational exchanges.You know, study abroad is like spring training for this century.It helps you develop the fundamentals, the teamwork, and the determination to succeed.And we want more American students to have that opportunity.That’s why we are increasing funding for Gilman scholarships by more than 40 percent.More than 400 New Yorkers have used Gilman scholarships to spend a semester abroad, including nine students from NYU last year.Now, of course, study abroad is a two-way street, and we should bring more qualified students from other countries to study here.NYU provides a prime example of what international students can bring to a campus and how they can benefit themselves and their countries.Over 700,000 international students came to the United States last year, and NYU had the second largest number of any school in the country.(Applause.)
Now, the benefits from such exchanges are so great that I am committed to streamline the visa process –(applause)– particularly for science and technology students so that even more qualified students will come to our campuses in the future.We’re also doing more to marry technology with global service.That’s why today I am pleased to announce that over the next year the State Department will be creating Virtual Student Foreign Service Internships to harness the energy of a rising generation of citizen diplomats.Working from college and university campuses, American students will partner with our embassies abroad to conduct digital diplomacy that reflects the realities of the networked world.And you can learn more about this initiative on the State Department’s website.But I know that you don’t have to wait for us to create a new program.When you go home today, go online and find the website called Kiva, K-i-v-a, where you can help someone like San Ma, a mother in Vietnam who is seeking a microcredit loan to buy rice seed and fertilizer for her family farm;or log on to Heifer International’s site, and for less than the cost of a dinner out, you can donate a flock of geese to a hungry family in Asia or Africa;or help Wangari Mathai’s Green Belt movement in planting trees and offsetting carbon emissions and empowering women in Africa.Now, supporting these projects and others like them doesn't require a lot of time or money.But for the people you help and the planet you protect, your participation can be not just a game changer, but a life changer.Global service also means promoting good governance.We need informed citizens, both here at home and around the world, to hold their governments accountable for getting results and finding solutions.And this is not only directed at the graduates today, but there are a lot of proud mothers and fathers and husbands and wives and grandparents and children and others who have seen you to this day.And this is an offer and a challenge to all of us.In the times that we face, we know we don’t have a person to waste, we don’t have an idea to overlook.In fact, we have to be even more committed to reaching out and crossing the divides that too often separate us.For those who have come to this country to celebrate a child or a friend’s graduation, please take home this message: America more than ever wants your help;in fact, needs your help as we build these new partnerships and as we seek solutions to the global crises that cannot be solved by any one people or one government alone.We need each other.We always have.It’s just so much more apparent today.A flu starting in one country spreads quickly around the world.An extremist ideology starting with a few people explodes across the internet.A global financial crisis affects farmers and small business people in every corner of the globe.That is a new reality.But equally important is that we also now have the tools to work together to forge this common approach to these common threats.So, Class of 2009, you have an historic opportunity.Every class is told that, and to some extent I suppose it is always true.But just in the course of this commencement ceremony, you’ve heard several references to the global economic crisis.The times that you are graduating in are, yes, perhaps more difficult and somewhat more daunting.But that’s when we really rise together.One of the best lines from one of my favorite baseball movies, A League of Their Own –(applause)– said it well, “If it were easy, anybody could do it.”
You know, when the Yankees moved in to their old stadium next door in 1923, there was only person on the roster from west of St.Louis.Their team mostly looked the same, talked the same, and came from the same kind of cities and towns and rural areas across America.Think about the team that plays in this new stadium.It includes players from Mexico, Japan, Taiwan, Panama, four other countries.The Dominican Republic alone is home to seven Yankees.In the same way, NYU has evolved as well.The university was founded to serve the City of New York.Today it serves the world.We know that there is much yet ahead that none of us can predict.There is no way to stop change.Change will come.What is unknown is whether it will bring progress or not.But you have done what you needed to do to get the best insurance policy you could, and that is an NYU education.(Applause.)And so armed with that education, I have every confidence that you will not only succeed by the dint of your own hard work and effort, but you will contribute far beyond your own personal needs.This is your moment.You’ve made it to the big leagues, and you are up to bat.Go out and give us a future worthy of this great university, of this great city, of this great country, and of the world we all wish to create together.Thank you, congratulations, and Godspeed.(Applause.)
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