第一篇:核心词汇学习建议
考研英语核心词汇老蒋笔记》学习建议!(2011-05-09 09:28:32)
英
(一)与英
(二)《词汇老蒋笔记》很多同学已拿到,建议按所设单元规划学习:第一遍精读,每页耗时约10-15m,每单元10页,耗时约100-150m,核心词共计30单元,1月时间精读一遍是没问题的。注意:例句是本书亮点,阅读时,务必先英翻汉,再比对所给译文,如此可加深理解和记忆,提升翻译和写作
第二遍阅读速度会大幅提升(省去理解和思考过程),估计15-20天可过一遍,该遍要做到重点突出,陌生词、陌生义项、陌生搭配、例句中的精华表达及例句中首遍理解和翻译的问题都是学习重点。第三遍会继续加速,大脑的记忆痕会让你一看即反应出接下来的信息...加速会继续,力争9月份之前过5遍从第三遍开始,也可考虑每单元2遍或3遍地逐步推进,对部分同学来讲,这样做背词效率可能会更高!...“翻译是一种技能、一种题型但更是一种高效学习方法”~在学该书时(后期较好),还可试着做英汉互译,把书上例句的中文回译成英文(动笔或动口),这样不仅在实践中消化单词还可为写作夯实基础磨刀不误砍柴工,第一遍精读例句后所带来的对单词的理解和记忆效果绝不是简单背词义所能比拟的,并且会为后续的单词背诵打下坚实的基础。接下来几遍的背词加速与第一遍的精读基础密不可分!先慢后快、先走后跑,走都走不好,还想跑,那就只能...“滚”了,呵呵
第二篇:作文核心词汇
一、媒体类
1.paparazzi狗仔队
2.mass media 大众媒体 3.entertainment 娱乐 4.journalism新闻业 5.journal 期刊
6.the latest news 最新消息 7.exclusivenews 独家新闻 8.news agency新闻社 9.news blockout 新闻封锁 10.news censorship新闻审查 11.freedom of the press 新闻自由 12.coverage 新闻报道
13.do reportageon … 报导… 14.hit the headlines 上头条 15.issue 出版、发行
16.newsstand报摊
17.free-lancer writer 自由撰稿人 18.chief editor 总编 19.editorial 社论
20.newsworthy值得报道的
21.barometer晴雨表
22.the barometer of public opinion 舆论的晴雨表 23.live broadcast 直播
24.quiz show 智力竞争节目 25.game show 游戏节目 26.variety show 综合节目 27.talk show 脱口秀 28.sitcom情景喜剧 29.soap opera 肥皂剧 30.movie star 电影明星 31.movie king 影帝 32.movie queen 影后 33.affair绯闻 34.celebrity名人 35.fame 名声
36.rise to fame 声名鹊起
37.fan 粉丝
38.invade one’s privacy 侵扰了…的隐私 39.misleading误导性的 40.cheating 欺骗性的 41.popularity 知名度 42.scandal 丑闻
43.sensational轰动的 44.prevalent 普遍的、流行的 45.imperative重要的、必要的 46.audience ratings 收视率 47.propaganda宣传
48.be abducted by 受…诱导
49.purifyone’s soul 净化心灵
50.live in virtualwould 生活在一个虚拟世界中
51.be a great comfort to somebody 对…来说是一个巨大安慰 52.meet different tastes 满足不同口味
53.provide somebody with something 给…提供… 54.follow the fashion blindly盲目追逐时尚 55.commit crimes 犯罪
56.be inconceivableto somebody 对…来说是难以想象的 57.impressive 给人印象深刻的 58.right to know 知情权
59.in the disguiseof … 打着…的幌子
60.endanger social stability and safety 危害社会稳定和安全
二、工作类
1.ambitious 雄心壮志的、野心勃勃的 2.adaptability适应性
3.adapt oneself to … 使自己适应… 4.prosperity繁荣
5.be disadvantageous to … 对…不利 6.flow of personnel 人才流动
7.mechanismof personnel flow 人才流动机制 8.survival of the fittest 适者生存 9.a sense of accomplishment成就感
10.potentiality潜能
11.learn to cooperateand comprise 学习合作和妥协 12.be deeply impressed with … 对…印象很深 13.company philosophy企业文化 14.flexibility 灵活性 15.competitive 竞争激烈的 16.arena 舞台
17.team-work spirit 团队合作精神 18.treasureopportunity 珍惜机会 19.a fat salary 收入颇丰
20.a harmoniousinterpersonal relationship 和谐的人际关系 21.a sense of responsibility 责任感 22.material gains 物质待遇
23.promising future 光明的前途
24.bright prospect 光明的前景
25.a challenging job 一份具有挑战性的工作 26.turning point 转折点 27.be closely related to … 与…息息相关 28.get advanced in the society 出人头地 29.a decentjob 一份体面的工作 30.chance of promotion升迁机会
31.stability and satisfaction 稳定感和满足感
32.keep skills fresh and up-to-date 使技能可以不断更新 33.expand one’s horizon开阔视野 34.balance work and life平衡工作和生活 35.from-nine-to-five 朝九晚五一族
36.shoulder/undertake one’s responsibility 承担起自己的责任 37.upgrade oneself 提升自我 38.a well-paid job 高收入工作
39.creative work 创造性工作
40.stand up to / meet the challenge 迎接挑战
41.realize the value of life 实现人生价值
42.enrich one’s social experience 丰富一个人的社会阅历
43.cultivate one’s independence and toughness培养自己的独立性和坚韧性 44.seek for personal development 追求个人发展 45.display one’s talent 展示才能 46.a sense of self-fulfillment 自我实现感 47.promotion opportunity 提升机会
48.meet one’s personalized needs 满足某人个性化需求 49.define one’s role 确定自己的角色 50.social recognition 社会认可 51.accumulateexperience 获取经验 52.inspiring 鼓舞人心的 53.motivation动机
54.workaholic工作狂
55.working environment 工作环境 56.work overtime 加班
57.improve one’s capabilities 提高某人能力 58.develop one’s talents 培养才智
59.ideal workplace 理想工作场所
60.masterinterpersonal skills 掌握人际交往技能
三、交通类
1.automobile industry 汽车工业
2.boostthe economic development 促进经济发展 3.levythe tax 征税
4.modernization 现代化
5.be viewed as … 被视为是…
6.be concerned about … 对…担忧/关注… 7.pollution-free fuel 无污染燃料 8.luxury奢侈品
9.chronic lead poisoning 慢性铅中毒 10.fill… with … 使…充斥着
11.popularizationof cars 汽车普及
12.lay more emphasis on… 把重心放在… 13.observe traffic regulations 遵守交通规则 14.break traffic regulations 违反交通规则 15.get struckin traffic 遇上堵车 16.rush hour 上下班高峰时间
17.ease the traffic pressure 缓解交通压力 18.pedestrian行人 19.pavement人行道 20.zebra crossing 斑马线 21.overspeed 超速行驶
22.bottleneck交通堵塞地区
23.settle down effective laws 制定出积极有效的法律 24.impose restrictions on … 对…实施限制 25.short-sighted 目光短浅的
26.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源 27.carbon dioxide二氧化碳 28.a pillarindustry 支柱产业 29.make full use of … 充分利用 30.road networks 公路网
31.speed limits 限速
32.enhance the quality of life 提高生活质量 33.pay a heavy price 付出惨痛的代价
34.promote the development of relative industries 促进相关产业发展 35.traffic engineering 交通运输工程
36.the number of car ownership 汽车拥有量 37.call for … 需要…
38.overcrowded 过度拥挤的 39.violator违规者
40.headache 令人头痛的事 41.traffic accidents 交通事故 42.head-way 进展
43.conflict with … 与…相冲突 44.major cause 主要原因
45.be replaced by … 被…所取代
46.provide conveniencefor … 为…提供便利 47.curb… 限制… 48.dilemma进退两难
49.encourage somebody to do something鼓励某人去做某事 50.energy-saving 节能的
四、社会类
1.urbanization 城市化 2.centralization集中化 3.imbalance 不平衡
4.in the long run 从长远角度而言 5.infrastructure基础设施 6.booming 繁荣发展的 7.tertiaryindustry 第三产业 8.tranquility宁静 9.revenue 税收
10.commercialization 商业化 11.traffic congestion 交通拥挤 12.water scarcity 水短缺
13.the environmental pollution 环境污染 14.over-industrialization 过度工业化 15.over-crowdedness 过度拥挤 16.unemployment 失业 17.wealth distribution财富分配 18.social instability 社会动荡 19.urban construction 城市建设 20.population explosion 人口激增 21.a rising crime rate 犯罪率上升
22.drainof energy and resources 能源和资源消耗 23.offer more job opportunities 提供更多的就业机会 24.a rapid pace of life 快节奏生活
25.stress-related illnesses 与压力有关的疾病 26.high cost of living 高额生活费用 27.pastorallife 田园生活
28.class polarization 阶级两极分化 29.social welfare 社会福利
30.give special care to … 给予…特殊关照 31.urban sprawl城市扩张
32.convenient transportation means 便捷的交通工具 33.better medical services 更好的医疗服务 34.pressure of modern life in city 城市生活压力 35.be vulnerableto … 易于患上… 36.melting pot 熔炉
37.on the brinkof … 处于…边缘 38.pollutant 污染性物质 39.waste disposal 废物处理 40.put the blame on … 归咎于… 41.be attributableto … 归因为… 42.ways of consumption消费方式 43.suffer heavy losses 遭受重大损失 44.citizen 居民
45.be confronted with… 面临着… 46.breed crimes 滋生犯罪 47.viciouscycle 恶性循环
48.a feasible measure 一种可行的措施 49.give priority to … 优先考虑… 50.city planners 城市规划者
五、动物保护类
1.vivisection活体解剖
2.perform.experiments on animals 在动物身上做试验 3.test animals 用于实验的动物
4.be subjected to experiments 被迫接受试验 5.animal rights 动物权利 6.clinical research 临床研究 7.cruel 残忍的
8.extremist极端主义者
9.medical research 医学研究 10.origin of species 物种起源 11.alternative method 替代的方法 12.biological diversity 生物多样性 13.natural balance 自然平衡
14.equilibriumof ecosystem 生态平衡 15.coexistence 共存
16.endangered animals 濒危动物 17.diversity of species 物种多样性 18.shameless 令人羞愧的 19.barbaric野蛮的
20.live and let live 活着就是与万物共存 21.meaningless 没有意义的 22.dominantspecies 优势物种 23.laboratory 实验室 24.vaccine 疫苗 25.infringement践踏 26.right to live 生存权 27.torture折磨
28.anti-science 反科学的
29.life-threatening diseases 危及生命的疾病 30.scientific gains 科学成果
31.an ever-lasting theme 一个永恒的主题 32.evolution 进化
33.computer simulation电脑模拟 34.groundless没有理由的 35.humane 人道的
36.medical technology 医疗技术 37.anatomy解剖 38.equal 公平的
39.unreliable不可信赖的 40.valid 有效的、正当的
六、语言类 1.ambiguity歧义
2.denotation字面意思 3.connotation暗含意思
4.impractical 不切实际的
5.intellectual development 智力发展 6.interaction 交流
7.thinking capacity 思考能力 8.universal language 世界语 9.linguisticstudies 语言学研究
10.a means of communication 一种交流工具 11.mechanical translation 机械翻译 12.untranslatable 不宜翻译的
13.develop linguistic skills 培养语言技能 14.verbal communication 口头交流 15.grammaticalrules 语法规则 16.context 语境 17.core 核心 18.translation 笔译 19.interpretation口译
20.a complex progress 一个复杂过程 21.cream精华
22.cultivate logical thinking 培养逻辑思维 23.obscure晦涩的
24.readability朗朗上口
25.an unrealistic dream 一个不切实际的梦想
26.comprehensive knowledge 全面的知识
27.communicate with others directly, and freely 与他人直接自由交流 28.face-to-face communication 面对面交流 29.stimulate one’s interest 激发了…的兴趣 30.artificialintelligence 人工智能
31.help children learn a foreign language in a more vivid and interactive way 帮助孩子更生动,互动地学习一门外语
32.miraculous令人惊叹的
33.increase efficiency 提高效率 34.easy accessibility 易于操作
35.make astoundingadvances 突飞猛进
36.enrich the teaching and learning methods 丰富了教学手段 37.expertise专业知识
38.flourishing 繁荣兴旺的
39.speedy communication 快速的交流 40.read between the lines 读懂暗含的意思 41.language acquisition语言习得 42.term 术语
43.implication含义
44.be fully aware of… 充分意识到… 45.optimistic乐观的 46.pessimistic悲观的 47.drawback 弊端
48.precious gift 宝贵的礼物 49.linguist 语言学家
50.missionimpossible 不可能的任务
第三篇:核心高频率词汇
核心高频率词汇.txt用快乐去奔跑,用心去倾听,用思维去发展,用努力去奋斗,用目标去衡量,用爱去生活。钱多钱少,常有就好!人老人少,健康就好!家贫家富,和睦就好。decline n.下降,减少,衰退
The arts of China have not declined in spit of the Western influence.;虽有西方影响,中国的艺 术并未因此而衰落.The price of mobile telephones has declined sharply.;手机的价格下降得非常 厉害.The United Kingdom is now no more than an empire that has declined.;大英帝国如今只是一个业 已衰落的帝国.develop vi.生长,发育,形成;发展,扩展
develop vt.发展,开发;制定, 研制,成长;逐步产生, 发挥
A good teacher is surely an instructor;who can develop the capabilities of each student.;
一个好老师一定 是一个能激发每个学生 潜能的导师.Juliet Wu's ambition is to develop a national corporation into a worldwide business.;
;吴士宏的抱负 是要把一个国内企业扩 展成世界性的企业.elaborate a.精心计划的,详尽的;复杂的 vt.详述,详细制订 vi.详述
I just want the facts in brief;you don't need to elaborate.;我只想简单了解事实, 你不必作详细说明.I don't want elaborate lace pattern on my dress,just make it simple.;我不想裙子上有复杂精美的花边图案,简简单单 就行.excite vt.使兴奋,使激动;引起,激起
Strong coffee excites your nerves.;浓咖啡刺激神经, 使人兴奋.Emperor Qinshihuang's cruelty excited a rising of the people.;秦始皇的残暴引起了人民的反抗.fatal a.致命的,灾难性的, 毁灭性的;重大的, 决定性的The city of Tangshan has such a new look that it hardly reminds;people of the fatal earthquake that eccured over 30 years ago.;
唐山市如今面貌一新, 几乎让人想不起 30多年前的毁灭性的 地震.formal a.正规的,正式的, 合礼仪的;形式上的, 表面的Business letters are usually formal,;but we write in a informal way to family members or friends.;商业信件通常都是讲究格 式的, 但我们给家人或朋友写 信就比较随便了.gaze v./n.凝视,注视
In those boring letures,many students just sat gazing into the classroom window.;
在那些沉闷的课堂教学 中,许多学生知识呆呆地 望着窗外.guard vt.守卫,捍卫 vi.(against)防止, 防范
guard n.警戒,警备;警卫员, 看守,卫兵
Be on your guard against pickpockets.;谨防扒手.Tooth paste with fluorine can effectively guard against tooth decay.;含氟牙膏能有效防止蛀牙.hostile a.敌对的,敌意的,不友 善的;敌方的It was very strange how hostile she was to all the beautiful girls approaching her husband.;
;很奇怪, 她对所有接近丈夫的漂亮 女孩都心存敌意.indentical a.相同的,同等的;同一的My opinion are not always identical with my parents's.;我的意见并不总是和父母 的意见相同.All eggs look similar, but no two eggs are identical, Leonardo da Vinci's teacher once said to him.;
所有鸡蛋看上去相似, 但没有两只鸡蛋是完全 相同的;达芬奇的老师曾经告诉 他说.inferior n.下级,下属 a.劣等的,次的;下级的No inferior products should be allowed to pass.;决不能让任何次品漏网.In the past,women were regarded as inferior to men.;过去,人们认为女人不如男人.launch n.发射;(船)下水(新产品)投产
launch vt.发射;发起(运动)推出(产品);使开始 从事;使(船)下水
The first artifical satellite was launched by the former Soviet Union, which shocked the United States.;前苏联发射了第一颗人造卫星, 让美国人大惊失色.mechanism n.机械装置;机制,机理;办法,途径
The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.;骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成 机体.The shell of my watch is transparent and the mechanisms inside can be seen.;我的手表外壳是透明的, 可以看见里面的机械 装置.match n.比赛,竞赛;对手,敌手;匹配,相配的人(或物);火柴
match vt.和...相配, 和...相称, vi.相配,相适合The prince and princess in the fairy tales;are always perfectly matched(=were always a perfect match).童话中的王子与公主永远都是天造地设的一对.The White Swan Hotel in Guangzhou can't be matched for friendliness.广州白天鹅宾馆良好的 服务态度是无与伦比的.These shoes do not match;one is large and the other is small.;这双鞋不相配,一只大, 一只小.negative a.否定的;反面的,消极的;负的,阴性的negative n.负数;(照相机的)负片,底片
He was suspicious of having taken dopes,but his urine test was negative.;
他被怀疑服用了兴奋剂, 但他的尿样检测却是呈阴 性的.Two negative makes a positive.;负负得正.obligation n.义务,责任
To pay taxes is an obligation of every citizen.;纳税是每一个公民的义务.panic n.惊慌,恐慌,慌乱 v.(使)恐慌,(使)惊慌失措
The Asian Financial crisis caused panic selling of securities.;亚洲金融危机引起了债券 的恐慌抛售.peer pi;n.同龄人,同等地位的人;贵族 vi.仔细看,费力地看
To lessen peer(group)pressure,many schools require their students to wear uniforms.为减少来自同龄群体的压 力,许多学校要求学生们 穿校服.He peered at the comp-uter screen,wondering what his programming mistake was.他仔细地看着计算机的显 示屏,想知道他的程序出 了什么错.press n.报刊,报界,新闻界;出版社,通讯社;压,按,挤;印刷机
press v.压,按,挤;压榨,压迫
In the press conference, the White House spokesman always avoids directly answering questions.;;在新闻发布会上,白宫发言人总是避免直 接回答问题.Time presses.Let's press on with our work.;时间紧迫.我们加紧工作吧.Just press this button,and you'll start the engine.;只要按一下这个按钮便可 启动这台发动机了.The problem of fuel presses for solution.;这个燃料的问题急待 解决.rarely ad.不常,难得
Big Ben in London has rarely gone wrong.;在伦敦“大本钟”很少出 差错.Only rarely do I eat in restaurants.;我极少到饭馆吃饭.scandal n.丑事,丑闻;流言蜚语;反感,愤慨
The former president of the Philipines took tax money for his own use, it was such a scandal.;菲律宾前总统贪污税款, 可谓一大丑闻.thread n.线,细丝;线索,思路;螺纹 vt.穿(针、线等)
You lose the thread of your argument.;你们的论点有失条理.You need a needle threader if you can't see clearly to thread a needle.如果看不清楚无法穿线, 你需要一枚穿针器.Lesson
2bump vt.碰,撞;颠簸着前进 n.碰撞;隆起物
In the dim light I couldn't see clearly and bumped into a tree.;昏暗中我看不清,一头撞 在一棵树上.circuit n.电路,线路;环行,环行道
I run two circuits of the track every morning in order to pass the 800-meter running test.我每天早晨沿跑道跑两圈以通过800米考试。
In Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, you will see CCTV is the abbreviation of “Closed Circuit Television”.你要是查阅《朗文当代英 语词典》;就会发现CCTV是“闭路 电视”的缩写.complain vt.抱怨,诉苦;投诉,控告
Those who are always complaining should turn their attentionto figuring out how to make it better.那些天成天牢骚满腹的 人,应该想想如何改变现状.You are always complaining about something.;你总是满腹牢骚.conventional a.普通的,习惯的, 常规的;符合习俗的, 因循守旧的The Russian Defense Minister maintained that his country should reduce expenditure on conventional weapons;and spend more on strategic weapons.俄罗斯的国防部长坚持认为俄应削减花在常规武器上 的开支,而更多地在战略武器上 投入.Mother is so conventional in her views.;妈妈的观点太保守.destruction n.毁灭,破坏,消灭
The hot ash and the lava from the volcano Etna brought total destruction to the village.来自埃及特纳火山的滚烫 的火山灰和熔岩给那个小村庄带来彻底 的毁灭.emergency n.紧急情况
Wahid threatened to proclaim a state of emergency if Congress decided to impeach him;瓦希德威胁说如果国会弹劾他,他就宣布紧急状态.The patient was asked to ring the bell in an emergency and the nurses on duty would come straight away.病人在有紧急情况时可以 按铃,然后当班的护士就会立即前来.fantasy n.想象,幻想;想象的产物
Young people often live in a world of fantasy, and parents always tell them to face the reality.;年青人常生活在幻想的 世界里,而父母亲总会告诉他们 要面对现实.Stop looking for a perfect job--it's just a fantasy.;别想找到十全十美的工 作了,那简直是幻想.function n.功能,作用,职能;重大聚会;函数
The function of a chairman at a meeting is to lead and control meetings.在会上,主席的职责是引 导并控制会议.An old machine won't function properly if you don't oil it regularly.旧机器如果不经常加油是 不能正常运转的.heave vt.举起,拉起;扔;(沉重地)发出(叹息、呻吟等)
heave;vi.(用力)举起,提起(有节奏的)起伏;呕吐 n.举起,升降
The naughty children have just heaved a stone through my window.淘气的孩子们刚刚把一块石头扔进我的窗户.identify vt.认出,鉴定;(~with)把...等同于 vi.(~with)认同
Do you identify beauty with wisdom?;你认为美貌与智慧能相等 同吗?
The characters on the rubbings are so blurred that it is difficult to identify.;拓片上的文字模糊不清, 难以识别.
第四篇:关于天才计划词汇学习的几点建议
关于天才计划词汇学习的几点建议
各位洛基天才计划课程的同学们:
大家好!
天才计划的词汇,从二级开始,每课的词汇量逐渐增加,且是按照同一个类别进行总结,内容量比较大,也是大家课下复习的一个难点,现给大家提供几点进行词汇学习及复习的学习方法建议:
1、每级词汇表已经上传至班级群共享中,包括单词、词性、音标及常用汉语词义,每次课前大家最好提前进行词汇部分的一个预习,了解基本词义和读音
2、在课中进行词汇部分学习时,老师会带领大家英文3遍汉语1遍的基本带读,大家在这个过程中,和老师同步跟读,同时将单词打到屏幕上,加强肌肉记忆,部分同学打字较快的,可以多打几次,加深记忆。
3、大家课下多结合老师的词汇朗读录音,先听清音,然后根据音去进行拼写练习(基本说来,英语是一门音读型语言,80%左右的词汇可以通过读音进行型的拼写,尤其对于中长单词),最后经过反复听力练习,做到听到单词读音马上反应出相应的汉语词义。按照:“音--型---义” 三个不断渐进的阶段进行词汇的巩固复习
补充1:
对于口语中常能到的核心词做到:(此类词汇我们叫做积极词汇,英语中常用核心词2500左右)
1、读准音
2、会拼写
3、知道常用汉语含义
4、至少1-2个短语用法(短语用法在句中进行记忆更好,如果句子是自己查阅或是总结的,记忆更深刻)
对于有些单词暂时不太用的到,或者是部分专业词汇,大家要做到:(此类词汇我们叫做消极词汇)
1、读准音,并能在听到后反映出汉语含义
2、看到拼写能反映出词义(做到以上2点即可)
补充:2
另外,教材中的每课单词基本都是按照一个类型进行总结的,大家可以把这些词汇试着编成一些小故事,非常有趣,能够帮助大家对本课范畴内的词汇的进行串联记忆。班长和学委可以组织大家进行一个故事串接的PK,选出最有意思的那个进行推广
给大家提供一个范例,如下:(21个表演类的词汇故事串编)
词汇故事串编:(表演类)
有一个actor和actress,2人都非常喜欢act,而且personality也很好,可以称得上是artist。有一部叫做《建国大业》的movie邀两人出演重要的role,此film有着深厚的历史background,且dialogue特别多,2人不得已,一遍遍的rehearsal,变化不同的scenery,scene也是一换再换,最终功夫不负有心人,取得很好的口碑。
那边stage上有两个转行的model的也在进行drama的rehearsal,canvas材质的screen上不断出现美丽的photo/photograph,真是赏心悦目啊。
最后,祝大家在洛基学习愉快,不断取得新进步!各位同学有什么其他的好方法也要共同分享哦!
第五篇:GCT英语核心词汇_解析(二)必备学习
美式论文、报告写作技巧
编者按:美式教育的特点即是课程内容强调学生参与及创新运用,因此,报告便成了常见的考核学生学习成果的方式,比如实验报告、学期报告、专题报告、研究报告及论文(含毕业论文)等。研究生presentation 及 seminar 的机会更是占很大的比重,有些甚至占学期成绩很大比例。如何完成报告、论文同时得到良好的成绩,是本文提供给有志留学的有心人参考的目的。
美国大学生由於自小已养成自动寻找答案习惯,在启发式的教育环境下,写报告、论文对他们来说比较不陌生,虽然专业知识上美国学生不见得比外籍学生强,但是表达能力由於自小培养,加上英语能力的优势,常比外籍学生在报告、论文方面有较隹的利基。反之中国学生比较缺乏报告写作的训练,因此如果在留学过程中无法适应美式教育会比较辛苦,其实论文、报告的写作要领其实不难,只要把握技巧就可水到渠成。
通常论文由篇首(Preliminaries),本文(Texts)以及参考资料(References)三部分构成;而这三大部分各自内容如下:
(一)篇首:
封面(Title)序言(Preface)
谢词(Acknowledge)提要(Summary)
目录(Tables and Appendixes)
(二)本文:
引言(Introduction)
主体,含篇(Part)、章(Chapter)、节(Section)、以及注释(Footnotes)
(三)参考资料:
参考书目(References or Bibliography)附录资料(Appendix)。
进行论文或报告写作之前,先要确定想要表达的主题,主题确定后,将其具体表达,即为题目。题目可以提供研究者:
一.研究的方向
二.研究的范围
三.资料搜集的范围
四.预期研究成果
通常在确定题目之後就开始找资料从事研究,建议在找资料之前最好去问教授有哪些参考资料来源可供参考引用。构思为确定写作大纲或 Proposal 的先前步骤,大纲是论文、报告的骨干,Proposal 是研究的架构、流程及范围的说明书。如何构思大纲或Proposal为论文、报告写作前的必要准备工作。好的论文或研究报告,要基于在完整、详实的资料上,而参考资料除了和教授商借之外,最主要的来源就是图书馆了,一般参考资料来源可分成教科书或手册、政府机构的报告、科技或商业方面的杂志,及会议性质的资料。此外现代的电脑资料库也可帮助收集资料,在国外可利用学校的电脑连线资料库寻找自己需要的资料。当一切准备就绪,即可开始着手写报告,一般报告还分大报告如期末、专题等报告,及小报告如 Seminar 式的报告。
就算是小报告,也至少应含
(一)TITLE PAGES :包含主题名称、作者、日期
(二)Summary: 即主要的结论
(三)Introduction:包括理论背景及内容
(四)Technical Sections:是论文的主体,为最重要的部份应再细分为 几个片断。
(五)Conclusions:即扼要的结论
(六)Appendixes:复杂公式的导引及叁考资料和电脑程式的报表可附加在 此项
美式报告的撰写通常要打字,两行式,行间若有未拼完的字要以音节来连接。写报告通常需要用到电脑,如有计算数字统计图表的需求,也常会用到程式软体如PASCAL、LOTUS,统计分析软体如SAS,也是不可或缺的,电脑绘图在今日已成为工商界及学术界的重要工具,文书处理更是最基本的要求,因此Word for Window、Powerpoint、Excel便成了颇受欢迎的工具。此外在英文语法、文法上的润饰与修改,如能请老美帮忙会比较好。
论文、报告完成后有时会需要做解说(Presentation),用英文来讲演对中国人来说算是一大挑战,通常课堂讲演时间为十五分钟到三十分钟,若是论文囗试则至少一小时。投影机及麦克风的使用对讲演的效果有很大帮助,正式讲演前多预习几次,时间宜控制适中,上台时忌讳低头拿着报告照念,需留意听众的反应,切中主题,避免太多数字的导引。
GCT英语核心词汇 解析(二)
41. collapse 基本含义及用法
1、倒坍;坍陷
The unexpected rainstorm caused the collapse of the roof.突然来临的暴风雨把屋顶刮塌了。The roof of the old house collapsed.这座旧房子的房顶坍了。
2、突然病倒;突然失败;(价格等)暴跌 the collapse of plans 计划失败
3、衰竭;衰弱;突然体力不支 a state of near collapse 体力近乎崩溃 The old man collapsed in the street.n collapse 复习提醒:未见于历年真题
42. collide with 基本含义及用法 vi.(车等)碰撞;(意志等)冲突,抵触(with)
In running round the corner, he collided with another man.在跑过拐角时,他撞上另一个人。
If the aims of two countries collide,there may be war.如果两国的目标冲突,就可能发生战争。复习提醒:
1、关注该短语中的介词搭配:with 2、2003年阅读理解中曾经出现于正文
43. commerce N.商业、贸易
domestic commerce 国内贸易 foreign commerce 对外贸易 词性转化: commercial:
1、商业的
commercial depression商业萧条commercial company贸易公司
2、商品化的; 商用的 commercial iron 商品铁 以获利为目的的; 质量低劣的 commercial artist: 受大众欢迎的艺术家 commercialism n.商业主义,商业精神,商业习惯; 商业文体[用语] commercialist n.商业家,商业主义者; 营利主义者
44. comfort
N.1、安乐;舒适;安逸
He lived in comfort.他过得很舒服。
2、安慰;慰藉
a word of comfort to a dying man 对临死的人说的安慰话
Sometimes a few words of comfort to the one who has just failed may encourage him to stand up and even try to make a comeback.当一个人失败时几句安慰话也许会使他重新站起来甚至东山再起。
3、安慰者;慰藉物;给予安慰的东西 She was a great comfort to her parents.她是她父母的最大安慰。
vt 安慰;鼓舞
She comforted the ill child.她安慰这个生病的孩子。comfort him for his misfortunes 因他的遭遇不幸而安慰他
He comforted his back with soft cushions.他铺上软垫使背部舒适些。Dutch comfort 聊以自慰的宽解 give comfort to 安慰 词性转化: comfortable:舒适的
discomfort:不适、不便之处 discomfortable:不适的,不舒服的 comfortless:缺乏安慰的、不舒适的
45. compel
1、强迫; 使不得不; 迫使(屈服),强制顺从[同意] I was compelled to do so by absolute necessity.我因绝对的需要,被迫这样做的。
He was compelled by illness to suspend his experiment.他因病不得不暂时中断实验。
2、获得; 强取
His cleverness and skill compel our admiration.他的聪明和技艺博得我们的赞赏。
compel sb.to do sth.强迫某人做某事 be compelled to(do)不得不(做)
同义词:force I forced myself to practice daily.He was forced to take a second job.我强迫自己每天练习。他被迫要找第二份工作 forced my foot into the shoe.将脚硬塞入鞋中 force a confession.逼供
the forces of evil.恶势力
关于force的短语 in force In full strength;in large numbers: 大批的;大量的: Demonstrators were out in force.大批示威者上街 In effect;operative: 有效的;操作性的: a rule that is no longer in force.不再有效的规则
46. compensate to compensate sb.for 为„向某人赔偿
Nothing can compensate for the loss of time.虚度光阴是无法补偿的(光阴一去不复还)
Nothing can compensate the young mother for the loss of her favrourite daughter.年轻的妈妈丧失了自己心爱的女儿是任何东西也弥补不了的。
同义词组: make up for How can we make up to you for what you have suffered? 我们如何补偿你所遭受的损害? make up for lost time 补回失去的时间
They hurried on to make up for lost time.他们加速进行以补回失去的时间。
47. compose of(由„)组成,构成
Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.水是由氢和氧组成的。
the many ethnic groups that compose our nation.构成我们国家的多种民族 48. conceal
vt.隐藏,隐瞒; 遮住; 对...保密 conceal one's feelings隐藏感情 hide conceal the news from his mother 对他母亲隐瞒这个消息
反义词: disclose: 揭露、透露 to disclose the truth 透露真情
The president disclosed the fact that he was put into prison wrongly twenty years before.董事长透露说他自己在二十年前曾被冤枉地送进监牢。reveal
reveal one's identity揭示身分
reveal a mystery [secret] 揭露一个秘密
49. condemn
1、谴责;反对 To express strong disapproval of Most people are willing to condemn violence of any sort as evil.大多数人都愿意把任何暴力行为视作恶行加以谴责。
2、(常与to连用)判以死刑或无期徒刑 be condemned to death 被判死刑 相当于sentence
sentenced the murderer to life in prison.宣判杀人犯终身监禁
3、宣告„不适用 This house is condemned.这房子已被宣布不能住人了。同义词:criticize
1、批评;挑剔;责难
His policies were severely criticized.他的政策受到了严厉批评。
2、评论
Would you like to read and criticize my new book? 你愿不愿意读一读我的新书并给以评论?
3、criticize sb.for doing sth.责备某人做某事
反义词:admire /praise
50. confirm
confirm v.tr.verify
1、进一步证实;确定;支持
Please confirm your telephone message by writing to me.请给我来封信,好进一步证实你在电话中传达的消息。
My employer will confirm that I was there on time.“我的雇主将会证实,我是准时到达的。” 同义词:verify.Verify表示通过和原件或一已确定的事实比较而得到证实:
The bank refused to cash the check until the signature was verified.银行直到签字得到了确认才兑现了这张支票
2、To make firmer;strengthen:加强:坚定(信念)
The recent airplane crash confirms my belief that stronger safety regulations are needed.最近的坠机事件使我更坚信我们需要更健全的安全法规
51. conflict fighting conflict between the two countries两国间的冲突 class conflict阶级斗争
a hand-to-hand conflict短兵相接 a bloody conflict血战 an irreconcilable conflict不可调和的矛盾
come into conflict with和...冲突
in conflict with...同...相冲突[有抵触,有矛盾]
vi 冲突;争执;抵触
The two stories conflicted, so I did not know what to believe.两个故事相冲突,我不知道相信哪一个。
52. conserve
To protect from loss or harm;preserve:
保存保护从而使其不受损失或伤害;保存:
calls to conserve our national heritage in the face of bewildering change.呼吁大家在面临令人手足无措的改变时,要保护我们的民族遗产 To preserve(fruits)with sugar.用糖来保存(水果)
tried to conserve on fuel during the long winter.设法在漫长的冬天里尽量节省燃料
“People have to learn to conserve water anytime, especially during the drought.” “大家必须学会节约用水,特别是在干旱期间。”
词性转化: conservation 保护;保存
There is a need for the conservation of trees, or there will soon be no forests.有必要保护树木,否则不久将会没有森林了。
节约(自然资源)
“However, conservation alone is not the answer.” “然而,仅仅靠节约还不是解决问题的办法。” Conservation of water is of great importance in desert areas.沙漠地区实行控制用水非常重要。Conservative 保守的、守旧的
Tending to conserve;preservative:有助于保存的;保护性的: the conservative use of natural resources.对自然资源的合理使用 Conservative party(英国的)保守党 a conservative estimate审慎的估计 conservative grazing适度放牧
同义词:
preserve 保护;防护;维护
The Town Council spent a lot of money to preserve the old castle and other places of historic interest.市政委员会花了不少钱来维修那座古城堡和其它古迹。保存;保藏
You can preserve meat or fish in salt.你可以用盐保存肉或鱼。防腐
Salt preserves food from decay.盐能防止食物腐烂。preserve eggs in salt腌蛋
Ice helps to preserve food.冰有助于保存食物。
You look well preserved.你看起来保养得很好。
保持;维持
preserve peace 维持和平
It is one of the duties of the police to preserve public order.警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序。
53. conquer win victory over To conquer or to die.非胜即死,不成功便成仁。conquer shyness/fear of heights 战胜羞怯/恐高 conquer bad habits 克服不良习惯 the conquered 被征服者,败者 the conqueror 征服者,胜利者 Man can conquer nature.人定胜天。
I came I saw I conquered.我来了,我见到了,我征服了。
54. consist of
1、To be made up or composed: 由„构成被组成或构成:
New York City consists of five boroughs.纽约市由五个行政区组成
His job consists of helping old people who live alone.他的工作包括帮助无人照顾的独居老人。Consist of=be composed of
2、To have a basis;reside or lie: 在于,有一个基础;在于或存在:
The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity.这个计划妙就妙在简明扼要。
3、To be compatible;accord: 调和的;符合:
Theory should consist with practice.理论应与实践相一致。
55. constant continuous
1、不变的;固定的 constant speed 固定速度
2、时常发生的;连续不断的 constant rain 绵绵不断的雨 constant trouble 时常发生的麻烦 constant complaints没完没了的抱怨
3、忠心的;忠贞的;忠实的 a constant friend 忠实的朋友
56. consult
consult about the matter商议此事
consult with counsel(get advice from)与法律顾问商议 consult for a large building firm为大型建筑公司做咨询工作 consult one's pillow通夜思索
consult the interests of the masses考虑群众的利益 consult one's own convenience只顾个人利益 consult one's pleasure听其自便
词形变化:
consultant:顾问、咨询者
57. contain include
1、以„为组成部分;包括或由„构成: The album contains many memorable songs.这张唱片中包括许多值得收集的歌曲
2、包含;容纳;装有
Beer contains alcohol.啤酒含有酒精。The speech contained some interesting ideas.这个讲演包括一些有趣的思想。
3、抑制,限制有限制地控制或持有;抑制:To hold or keep within limits;restrain: I could hardly contain my curiosity.我简直无法克制我的好奇心
58. controversial
有争议的争论的、引起争论的或有争议的:arguing a controversial movie;a controversial stand on human rights.一场有争议的电影;引起争议的人权立场 a controversial question 引起争论的问题
Fond of controversy;disputatious.爱争论的;好争辩的 controversy:争论、争议
59. conventional traditional 核心含义:.惯例的, 常规的,习俗的, 传统的 a conventional church wedding.传统的教堂式婚礼
The chairman made a few conventional remarks.主席说了几句客套话。Convention:
1、习俗
It is the convention for men to wear suits on formal occasions.男子在正式场合穿套装是一种社会习俗。
2、会议;集会;代表会议 a teachers' convention 教师代表会议 conventionalist n.拘泥习俗[因循守旧]的人
60. cope deal with
1、(妥善地)处理; 对付,应付; 克服(with)cope with unexpected catastrophes/misfortune 应付突如其来的灾难
She is not a competent driver and can't cope with driving in heavy traffic.“她不是个能干的司机,在交通拥挤时就开不好车。” “Yes, I can cope.” “是的,我能对付。”
2、(机会均等地)竞争,抗衡(with)No one can cope with him in English.在英语方面谁也比不过他。
3、作为名词时的表达 the cope of heaven 苍穹天空 the cope of night 夜的笼照,夜幕
61. crash smash(8月18日)
1、突然轰击;猛使破裂;轰然作响 The airplane crashed over the ocean.飞机在海洋上坠毁
The cars crashed into each other.小汽车轰然相撞。a car crash 汽车撞车事故 an air crash撞机事件 collide, collision
2、闯入;冲进
The elephant crashed through the forest.大象冲进森林。
3、adj紧急的;应急的;全力以赴的;速成的 a crash program 紧急计划 a crash diet:决心节食 复习
同义词:smash: smash 也可用作及物或不及物动词,其含义是猛烈击碎或撞碎 Although the bed was smashed to pieces,the man was unhurt.虽然那张床被撞成碎片,但是那个人却没有受伤。
One man stayed at the wheel while two others with black stockings over their faces jumped out and smashed the window of the shop with iron bars.一个人留在驾驶室内,另外两个脸上蒙着黑色针织品的人跳下了车,用铁棒打碎了这家商店的橱窗。(NCE)
62. crawl creep
vi
1、爬;爬行
The baby crawled towards his mother.婴孩向他妈妈爬去。
2、蠕动;慢行;徐徐行进 The hours crawled by.时间慢慢地过去。
3、(虫、蚁等)爬满;长满虫 That apple is crawling with worms.那个苹果爬满了虫子。
4、巴结;钻营;向上爬
He will crawl anywhere if he can gain something by it.他到处钻营, 只要能有所得。短语:
make sb.'s flesh crawl/creep 使某人毛发直竖 crawl into sb.'s favour 拍某人马屁 同义词:
1、creep
creep 用于表示四条腿动物的爬行,在指人的动作时,表示蹑手蹑脚地走,词义引伸之后,这个词可以表示身上起鸡皮疙瘩或象虫子爬一样的感觉。
The boys felt tired,so they put out the fire and crept into their tent.孩子们感到累了,所以他们扑灭营火之后就爬进帐蓬了。The cat is creeping silently towards the bird.这只猫正在悄悄地向那只鸟爬去。The baby is just learning to creep.这个婴儿才学着爬。
No one noticed the boy as he crept off.当那个孩子悄悄离去时,谁也没有注意到。
The sight of the rats running about in the house made my flesh creep.看到老鼠在房子里到处乱跑,使我身上起了鸡皮疙瘩。
Creep
n拍马屁者;献媚者
爬;蠕动;缓慢地移动
creep into开始发生于„;溜进„ 辨析:
2、climb 所表示的爬含攀登的意思 The boy climbed up the tree.那个孩子爬上了树。
The old man climbed down the stairs.那老人费劲地走下台阶。
The plane is climbing higher and higher.飞机正在越飞越高。
He is climbing upwards in society.他正爬向上层社会。
63. cruel brutal
1、残忍的;冷酷的 He is cruel to animals.他对动物很残酷。
2、痛苦的;引起痛苦的 a cruel wind 无情的风 同义词辨析:
cruel 指“对别人痛苦漠不关心, 或以使人遭受痛苦而乐的”, 如: The cruel master beat his slaves with a whip.残酷的主人鞭打他的奴隶。
brutal语气比 cruel强, 含“野兽般地残忍的”, 如: The brutal soldiers beat their prisoners ruthlessly.残暴的士兵野蛮地抽打俘虏。
inhumane 指“不仁慈的”、“无情的”、“残酷的”, 如: inhumane treatment 虐待。
ruthless 指“残忍的”、“无情的”、“没同情心的”, 如: a ruthless behaviour 无情的行为。
反义词:kind/humane/pitiful 64. crush press down, grind
1、.压碎, 碾碎, 压服, 压垮, 粉碎,(使)变形 To extract or obtain by pressing or squeezing:
2、榨出通过挤压抽取或榨取: crush juice from a grape.从葡萄中榨出葡萄汁 orange crush.桔子汁
3、挤压;塞
to crush one's way through the crowd 挤过人群
近义词:grind grind wheat into flour.把小麦磨成面粉
to grind the knives and scissors 磨刀和剪子
65. damp moist adj.潮湿的
I don’t like to sleep between damp sheets.我不喜欢睡在潮湿的被子里。n 潮湿
You should air the clothes to get the damp out.你应该把衣服晾一下去去潮气。Vt.1、使受潮;使潮湿
His clothes was damped in the rain.他的衣服在雨中淋湿了。
2、使沮丧,使扫兴
Nothing could damp my spirits.没有什么能够减弱我的兴致。damp down
3、抑制;使减少,使降低 to damp down their enthusiasm 给他们的热情泼冷水
4、封(火)
Please damp the fire down before you go to bed.请你在睡觉前把火封好。
66. deadly fatal adj.以ly结尾,然而主要用作形容词(friendly,manly)
1、致命的,deadly fire致命的火力
2、不共戴天的;不可能和解的:deadly enemies.不共戴天的仇敌
3、具有毁灭影响的:
The media gave the film a deadly review.媒体对这部影片给予毁灭性的评论。
4、绝对的;完全的: deadly concentration.绝对专心
5、Extreme or terrible:极度的或可怕的:
worked under deadly strain.在极度的紧张状态下工作
67. debt owing
1、债;债务
If I pay all my debts I shall have no money left.如果我偿清了所有的债,我就一分钱不剩了。pay one's debts偿付债款 clear a debt还清欠债
2、欠债,负债 in debt 欠债
Deeply/ deep in debt负债累累 Get/ run /fall into debt负债 俗语和短语:
Debts of blood must be paid in blood.血债要用血来偿。Out of debt, out of danger.[谚]无债一身轻。He that dies pays all debts.[谚]一死百了。
词形变化: debt-ridden adj.负债累累的 68. deceive cheat v.欺骗, 行骗
be deceived in sb.看错了某人, 对某人感到失望 deceive oneself骗自己;误解, 想错 deceive sb.into doing sth.骗某人做某事
He deceived her into thinking he could bring her happiness.他骗她,使她相信他会给她带来幸福。deceive sb.with fair words用花言巧语欺骗某人 He that once deceives is ever suspected.[谚]骗人一次, 受疑一世。近义词: Cheat:
1、(常与into, out of连用)骗取;欺诈(某人)
George cheated me but I'll get even with him one day!乔治欺骗了我,总有一天我要跟他算帐。
2、作弊;行骗
He always cheats at cards;I never play with him.他打牌老是作弊,我从来不和他一起打牌。
3、逃脱;免于
The sailors cheated death in the stormy seas.海员们从狂风暴雨的大海中死里逃生。The swimmers cheated death in spite of the storm.虽然有暴风雨,但游泳的人却幸免于难。The criminal cheated the law by suicide.罪犯以自杀逃脱法律制裁。
4、Cheat sb of sth(骗取某人某物)cheated them of their land.骗取他们的土地 cheat sb.(out)of money 骗某人的钱 69. decline go down His health is-ning.他的健康日渐衰退。
They wish that prices would decline.他们希望物价能下降。The arts of China have not declined in spite of Western influence.虽有西方影响, 中国的古老艺术并未因此而衰落。the decline of the Roman Empire 罗马帝国的衰亡
The price of 14 inches TV set declined from 400 to 320 yuan each.14英寸的电视机每台从400元降到320元。短语:
on the decline走下坡路, 在衰退中 the decline of life晚年, 暮年
70. defend guard
1、To make or keep safe from danger, attack, or harm.保卫使安全或保持安全,没危险,不受攻击或伤害 defending the island against invasion;保卫岛屿不受侵犯;
tried to defend his reputation.试图保护他的声誉近义词:
Guard:含有看守的意思:
police guarding the entrance to the embassy;看守大使馆出口处的警察;
guarded the house against intruders.看守房子以警戒入侵者。Protect:常含有提供安全的方式来驱开不适、伤害或进攻: bought a dog to protect the children from unfriendly strangers;买一条狗保护孩子们避开不友善的陌生人; wore sunglasses to protect my eyes;戴太阳镜保护我的眼睛;
2、守卫;防御:He's better at defending than attacking.他的防守优于进攻。
3、为„辩护:The accused man had a lawyer to defend him.被告有一律师为他辩护。71. deficit loss
1、亏损, 亏空(额),赤字, 逆差, financial deficit:财政赤字 cover the deficit 弥补亏损
2、欠缺
a deficit in grain production.谷物产量不足 a deficit of rain: 缺雨
72. delay postpone
1、To postpone until a later time;defer.延期;推迟
We decided to delay our holiday until next month.我们决定将休假延至下个月。responded without delay.即刻回信
2、To cause to be later or slower than expected or desired: 使„延迟使„比期望的要迟一些或慢一些: Heavy traffic delayed us.交通堵塞使我们迟到了
The bus was delayed by a cloudburst.由于大暴雨,公共汽车来迟了。
The letter was delayed three days by the train accident.这次火车事故使这封信耽搁了三天。
After a delay of one hour, we continued our journey.耽搁一小时后,我们又继续旅行。
admit of no delay 刻不容缓 without delay 赶快, 立刻 73. Delete To remove by striking out or canceling: 划掉,删除:
deleted some unnecessary words in the first draft.删去初稿中不必要的词 同义词:remove/erase
74. deny refuse
1、否认;否定;拒绝相信
He said that I had stolen his bicycle, but I denied it.他说我偷了他的自行车,可是我否认了。
2、背弃;摒弃 He denied his country.他背弃了自己的国家。
3、拒绝;不给;不予;不允许;
He denies his wife nothing.他对他的妻子有求必应。
4、To decline to grant or allow;refuse:
拒绝给予或允许;拒绝;驳回(某项请求)deny the student's request;拒绝学生的请求; denied the prisoner food or water.不给犯人食物和水 词性转化:
denial:名词 否认、否定
Marry made a public denial of the rumor.玛丽当众辟谣。The denial of basic human rights: 拒绝给与基本人权
75. depart leave
1、To go away;leave.走开;离开 depart for some place(启程前往某地)The train will depart from platform 7.那火车在7号月台出发。
反义词:reach/ arrive
2、To die.死亡(= depart this life)(leave/ pass away)
3、(常与from连用)背离,违反 depart from custom.脱离习俗
a treatment for cancer that departs from the usual method.一次不循常规的癌症治疗。
名词形式:
departure:Check in at the airport an hour before departure.请在起飞前1小时到机场核检登机。注意区分:
department: 部门,系,the design department设计部门;the English department 英语系 department store:百货商店
76. depression hard times
1、低气压区;低气压
A depression usually brings bad weather.低气压通常带来坏天气。
2、沮丧;愁苦;抑郁;失望情绪 A holiday will help his depression.度假会帮助他改善抑郁情绪。
4、萧条,不景气;经济萧条时期(hard times)great depression大萧条 mild depression轻度萧条 nervous depression神经衰弱 反义词:encouragement inspiration 动词形式:depress vt 压下;降低
1、使贬值;使跌价;使减等
Does mass unemployment depress wages? 大量人口失业会使工资降低吗?
2、使不活泼;使萧条
3、使沮丧;使愁苦;使忧愁
He was depressed because he had not passed his examinations.他很沮丧,因为他没有通过考试。
The rainy days always depress me.雨天总是使我沮丧。同义词:discourage 反义词:encourage inspire 77. devise design
设计, 想出, 创造, 发明 图谋;策划
A teacher devised a game as a way of making math fun.一位老师设计出一种可以让数学好玩的游戏。【律】遗赠(财产)devise a new plan 设计新计划 devise how to do sth.计划如何做某事
78. discount
1、折扣 作为名词 reduction at 15% discount打八五折 discount of 30%七折
They give 10% discount for cash payment.现金付款, 他们给以九折优待。作为动词
be discounted at 10 %打九折
The store discounted all clothing for the sale.该店服装全部减价出售。
2、不全信;不重视 作为名词
accept a statement with some discount不全信一种说法 作为动词
discount what he said不全信他说的话 with some discount打折扣, 以保留态度 account : 帐目、报道、原因、考虑 account for To constitute the governing or primary factor: 导致,引起构成决定性的或主要的因素: Bad weather accounted for the long delay.长期的延缓是因为坏天气
To provide an explanation or justification: 做出解释,提出理由:
The suspect couldn't account for his time that night.嫌疑犯不能说明那天晚上他的时间安排 take into account on account of因为, 由于;为了
on no account(=not on any account)决不可以, 切莫
79. display show 展示;陈列;表现 作为动词:
The children's work was displayed on the wall.孩子们的作品在墙上展出来了。
Mr Brown seemed to display no feelings when they told him the news.“他们把消息告诉布朗先生时,他好象无动于衷。” The peacock displayed its fine tail feathers when it noticed any gay colours.孔雀看到鲜艳的颜色就开屏。作为名词
On New Year's Eve the display of fireworks offers many attractions.除夕之夜的焰火很吸引人。展览品;陈列品
All the parents were looking at the display of children's work.所有的父母都在看孩子们的作品展览。on display 正在展览中
The work was on display.作品正在展出。
近义词: show 展览、显示、表明 show up:
1、露面
2、暴露或揭示„的真实特征或本质:
showed their efforts up as a waste of time.显示他们的努力只是浪费时间
80. distinct
1、有区别的,不同的,on two distinct occasions.在两种不同的场合 同义词:different
A is distinct from B in every respect.在各个方面A跟B截然不同。
2、明显的,清楚的易于被感觉和智慧察觉的;清晰的: a distinct flavor.独特风味 同义词:clear,4、确定无误的;确切的:
at a distinct disadvantage.确实处于不利条件
5、Very likely;probable:很有可能的,可能的: There is a distinct possibility that she won't come.她很有可能不来了
6、Notable:卓越的,不寻常的: a distinct honor and high privilege.显赫的名声和崇高的殊荣
There is a distinct improvement in your study.你的学习有显著进步。反义词:indistinct 不清楚的;模糊的
I have only an indistinct memory of my grandfather.我对祖父只有模糊的印象。
英语作文常用谚语、俗语
1、A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。
2、A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.一知半解,自欺欺人。
3、All rivers run into sea.海纳百川。
4、All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。
5、All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只会用功不玩耍,聪明孩子也变傻。
6、A bad beginning makes a bad ending.不善始者不善终。
7、Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。
8、A faithful friend is hard to find.知音难觅。
9、A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。
10、A friend is easier lost than found.得朋友难,失朋友易。
11、A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。
12、A good beginning makes a good ending.善始者善终。
13、A good book is a good friend.好书如挚友。
14、A good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口。
15、A mother's love never changes.母爱永恒。
16、An apple a day keeps the doctor away.一天一苹果,不用请医生。
17、A single flower does not make a spring.一花独放不是春,百花齐放春满园。
18、A year's plan starts with spring.一年之计在于春。
19、A young idler, an old beggar.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。
20、Better late than never.不怕慢,单怕站。
21、By reading we enrich the mind.读书使人充实,22、Care and diligence bring luck.谨慎和勤奋才能抓住机遇。
23、Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.自信是走向成功的第一步。
24、Custom is a second nature.习惯是后天养成的。
25、Custom makes all things easy.有个好习惯,事事皆不难。
26、Doing is better than saying.与其挂在嘴上,不如落实在行动上。
27、Do nothing by halves.凡事不可半途而废。
28、Don't put off till tomorrow what should be done today.今日事,今日毕。
29、Don't trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.不要自找麻烦。
30、Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.早睡早起身体好。
31、Easier said than done.说得容易,做得难。
32、Easy come, easy go.来也匆匆,去也匆匆。
33、Eat to live, but not live to eat.人吃饭是为了活着,但活着不是为了吃饭。
34、Every man has his faults.金无足赤,人无完人。
35、Every man is the architect of his own fortune.自己的命运自己掌握。
36、Every minute counts.分秒必争。
37、Each coin has two sides.38、Fact speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。
39、Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。
40、God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。
41、Health is better than wealth.健康胜过财富。
42、Honesty is the best policy.做人诚信为本。
43、Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.抱最好的愿望,做最坏的打算。
44、It is never too old to learn.活到老,学到老。
45、Knowledge is power.知识就是力量
46、Like mother, like daughter.有其母必有其女。
47、No pain,no gain.(不劳无获。)
48、You never know till you have tried.不尝试,不知晓。
49、An idle youth, a needy age.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。50、Diligence is the mother of success.勤奋是成功之母。
51、Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy
and wise.早
睡早起,使
52、Experience is the best teacher.经验是最好的教师。
53、Nothing in the world is difficult if you set
人健康、富裕和聪颖。
54、Where there's a will, there's a way.有志者事竟成。
55、Practice makes perfect .(熟能生巧。)
56、Pride goes before a fall.(骄傲必败。)
Superstar and I It’s common that many students are crazy about those singers and actors.However, liyundi, a pianist, is the superstar in my heart.He is a man of few words and he even looks like the greatest pianist—Chopin.When listening to his music , I can get rid of everything noisy around.What’s more, I can feel his strong love for music.Rome wasn’t built in one day.He achieved the great success through huge effort.I can learn from him that we should never give up to realize our dreams.Superstar and I Her name first appeared as a joke then like a wonder.She is Susan Boyle, the superstar in my heart.Although she’s not beautiful, her voice and spirit moved all the audience, including me.The song ’I dreamed a dream’ that she sang touched everyone’s heart who had a dream and wanted to realize it.She taught me how to go on my dreams as well as never to give up.She is like a sunshine that gives me hope.Where there is a will, there is a way.