现在分词被动完成式和过去分词的区别专题

第一篇：现在分词被动完成式和过去分词的区别专题

现在分词被动完成式和过去分词的区别山东济南 王亮***

1.现在分词被动完成式 having been done

它只能做状语,不能做后置定语(这一点楼主千万要注意)

它做状语时,与句子的主语构成主动/主谓的关系,即该动作也是由句子主语主动发出的.不要被过去分词所诱惑.只不过是因为它用到了完成形式,而完成形式是要出现过去分词的,但由having可以看出还是主语发出的主动动作.之所以用完成形式,是因为这个动作明显发生在句子谓语动词所表示的动作之前.如: Having graduated from university, he worked in that company for 3 years.毕业(graduate)和句子主语he是主动/主谓关系,并非被动!

graduate这个动作是发生在work之前,所以用完成形式.2.过去分词(短语)做定语,它表示的也是已经完成的动作,但是它和被修饰词之间是被动/动宾关系,即该动作的宾语是被它所修饰的词.如: There is only one minute left now.The conference hold yesterday was about the Beijing Olympics.3.过去分词(短语)做状语,它和句子主语是被动/动宾的关系,即该动作的宾语是句子的主语,一般和主句动作不是明显的先后关系.如: Seen from the top of the mountain, the city is beautiful.被看的同时也显得很漂亮,而不会是看了之后才会漂亮.4.当然也有一些固定搭配,不好从主动/被动关系上去区别,只能去死记了.如:given, generally/...speaking, judging by/from, compared with/to, considering, allowing for, supposing等等.

第二篇：过去分词与现在分词的被动结构的用法比较

过去分词与现在分词的被动结构的用法比较 由于过去分词与现在分词的被动结构（包括being ＋过去分词和having been＋过去分词）都含有“被动”的意思，许多同学在学习和应用的过程中对这两种语法形式理解得不透彻，在应用中感到模棱两可，很容易出错。比如：

a．The job done，we left the office．

b．The job being done，we left the office．

同样是作状语，a句用的是过去分词，b句用的是现在分词的被动结构。有些同学会问：到底哪一句正确呢？其实a、b两句话都正确。

具体地讲，过去分词常表示动作已经完成，一般有被动的含义；现在分词的被动结构（being ＋过去分词）一般表示一个正在进行或与谓语动作同时发生的被动动作，若强调被动动作发生在谓语动作之前，可用现在分词完成式被动结构（having been ＋过去分词）。过去分词与现在分词的被动结构有时可以通用，有时又有区别。在下列两种情况下两者可以通用：

1．作时间状语时，过去分词与having been ＋过去分词（其意义相当于一个时间状语）可以通用。例如：

Having been discussed many times，the problem was settled at last．

Discussed many times，the problem was settled at last．

（经过多次讨论，这个问题最后终于得到解决。）

Having been cooked to a light brown color，the cake smells good．

Cooked to a light brown color，the cake smells good．

（当蛋糕烘烤成浅棕色的时候，闻起来很香。）

2．作原因状语时，过去分词与being ＋过去分词可以通用。例如：

Being confined to bed，she needs to be waited on everything．

Confined to bed，she needs to be waited on everything．

（由于她卧病在床，什么事都需要人伺候。）

Being done in a hurry，his paper was full of mistakes．

Done in a hurry，his paper was full of mistakes．

（由于是匆忙完成的，他的试卷满是错误。）

过去分词与现在分词的被动结构的主要区别在于：

1．过去分词可以作前置定语，但现在分词被动结构不能作前置定语。

如：可以说：a broken glass（碎玻璃）； an uninvited guest（不速之客）；a moved audience（被感动的观众）；但不可以说：a being broken glass；a being uninvited guest；a being moved audience。

2．作后置定语时过去分词常表示被动动作发生在谓语动作之前，或者只表示被动关系，而“being ＋过去分词”表示该被动动作正在进行，或与谓语动词的动作差不多同时发生。如：

a．The problem，discussed at yesterday's meeting，was settled at last．

（昨天会上讨论的那个问题最后终于得到解决。）

b．The problem being discussed now is difficult to settle．

（正在讨论的这个问题很难解决。）

如果误用这两种形式，在造句或阅读中就会发生逻辑错误或是文理不通。

3．在构成复合宾语时，过去分词强调的是动作已完成，现在分词的被动结构强调的是动作正在进行。如：I've never heard the word used in spoken English．（我从未听过这个词用在口语中。）You'll find the topic being discussed everywhere。（你会听到到处都在讨论这个问题。）

第三篇：现在分词和过去分词练习

现在分词和过去分词练习

I.单项选择

1.There was a terrible noise ____ the sudden burst of light.A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followed 2.The Olympic Games, ____ in 776 B.C., didn’t include women until 1912.A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be playing 3.What’s the language ____ in Germany?

A.speaking B.spoken C.be spoken D.to speak 4.Most of the people ____ to the party were famous scientists.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.inviting 5.The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A.having written B.to be written C.being written D.written 6.The news sounds ____.A.encouraging B.encouraged C.encourage D.to encourage 7.—How did Bob do in the exams this time? —Well, his father seems ____ with his results.A.pleasing B.please C.pleased D.to please 8.—How did the audience receive the new play?

—They got very ____.A.excite B.excited C.excitedly D.exciting 9.The next morning she found the man ____ in bed, dead.A.lying B.lie C.lay D.laying 10.—Good morning.Can I help you? —I’d like to have the package ____, madam.A.be weighed B.to be weighed C.to weigh D.weighed 11.He is not good at English, so it is not easy for him to make himself ______.A.understand B.understanding C.understood D.understands 12.If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air ____ against your face.A.moved B.moving C.moves D.to move 13.“Can’t you read?” Mary said，____ to the notice.A.angrily pointing B.and point angril C.angrily pointed D.and angrily pointing 14 ____ a reply, he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received 15.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, ____ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.having added B.to add C.adding D.added 16．The murderer was brought in, with his hands ____ behind his back.A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied 1.____ the house on fire, he dialed 119.A.To see B.Seeing C.Having seen D.Being seen

2.I fell down and broke three of my teeth.I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth ____.A.fix B.fixing C.fixed D.to fix 3.We’re ___ to listen to her ____ voice.It’s ___ to hear her sing.A.pleased;pleasing;pleasure B.pleased;pleasant;a pleasure C.pleasing;pleased;a pleasure D.pleasing;pleasant;pleasure 4.___a post office, I stopped____ some stamps.A.Passed, buying B.Passing, to buy C.Having passed, buy D.Pass, to buy 5.____with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.A.Comparing B.To compare C.Compared D.Having compared 6.Here are some new computer programs ____for home buildings.A.designing B.design C.designed D.to design 7.____a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp.A.To save B.Saving C.Saved D.Having saved 8.The teacher came into the classroom ____by his students.A.following B.to be following C.followed D.having followed 9.With the money ___, he couldn’t buy any ticket.A.to lose B.losing C.lost D.has lost 10.There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldn’t make himself ____.A.being heard B.hearing C.heard D.hear 11.The result of the test was rather _____.A.disappointed B.disappointing C.being disappointed D.disappoint 12.I’ve never heard the word ____in spoken English.A.use B.used C.using D.being used 13._____how to do the homework, I went to ask my teacher for help.A.Not to know B.Not knowing C.Knowing not D.Not known 14.Deeply __, I thanked her again and again.A.being moving B.moved C.moving D.to be moved 15.With winter _____on, it’s time to buy warm clothes.A.came B.comes C.come D.coming

16.____the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building.A.Having shown B.Showing C.Has shown D.Having been shown 17.He went from door to door, ____waste papers and magazines.A.gathering B.gathered C.gather D.being gathered 18.The student corrected his paper carefully, ____the professor’s suggestions.A.follow B.following C.followed D.being followed 19.The ___price will save you one dollar for each dozen.A.reduce B.reducing C.reduced D.reduces 20.People ____in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.A.live B.to live C.lived D.living 21.The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldn’t make his point ___.A.understand B.understanding C.to understand D.understood 22.The scientists were waiting to see the problem ______.A.settle B.settled C.to settle D.settling 23.The library’s study room is full of students _____for the exam.A.busily prepared B.busy preparingC.busily prepare D.are busily preparing 24.The ground is _____with ____ leaves.A.covering, falling B.covered, fallingC.covered, fallen D.covering, fallen 25.Lessons ____easily were soon forgotten.A.to learn B.learn

C.learned D.learning

第四篇：过去分词-现在分词练习题

过去分词专项练习

过去分词两个显著的特点即：从时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动的概念，但是如果是不及物动词用作过去分词形式，则只表示动作的完成，而没有被动意义。如 fallen leaves 落叶

retired workers 退休工人。过去分词主要起形容词或副词的作用,表示“被动、完成”的意义,在句中作状语、定语、补足语、表语等。选择分词时,关键看分词与其逻辑主语的关系,若是其逻辑主语主动发出的动作,选用现在分词;若是被动动作,则选用过去分词。

过去分词用法总结如下：

一、表语:

1． The cup is broken.2． The door remains locked.3． She looked disappointed.二、定语：要求学生必须掌握过去分词做定语的位置，告诉他们单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常置于被修饰词之前，但修饰代词时，需置于被修饰词之后，而过去分词短语作定语也要后置，即要放在被修饰词之后。1.We needed much more qualified workers.(单个过去分词作定语)2.The girl dressed in white is my daughter.(过去分词短语作定语)3.Is there anything unsolved?

There is nothing changed here since I left this town.(如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one 所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使是单个的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词的后面)4.This is a state-owned factory.This is a newly built building.Advertising is a highly developed industry.(单个过去分词与名词或副词构成复合形容词时，放在其修饰的名词前作前置定语)

三、宾语补足语：可以带过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有： 1）see, hear, find ,feel, think等表示感觉和心理状态的动词 He found his hometown greatly changed when he came back from abroad.He once heard the song sung in German.Every thought the match lost.2)make, get, have, keep 等表示“致使”意义的动词：

He’s going to have his hair cut.She had her foot injured in the fall.When you talk, you have to at least make yourself understood.Please keep us informed of the latest developments.(请让我们了解最新的发展情况。)

四、状语：

The trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs.Once seen, it can never be forgotten.=Once it is seen, Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful = When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.Given more time, we could do it much better.= If we were given more time, we could do it much better.语法演练

一、考查过去分词作状语

过去分词作状语可表示原因、时间、条件、伴随等。有时过去分词前也可加上连词when, while, if, unless, though等。过去分词作状语,其逻辑主语是句子中的主语,表示被动或完成意义。例如:

1.________ in 1636,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.A.Being founded

B.It was founded

C.Founded

D.Founding 2.________ time, he'll make a first-class tennis player.A.Having given

B.To give

C.Giving

D.Given Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.A.invited

B.inviting C.being invited D.having invited

Generally speaking, _____ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.A when taking B when taken C when to take D when to be taken

二、考查过去分词作定语

过去分词作定语,其逻辑主语是所修饰的名词或代词,表示一个被动或完成的动作,相当于一个被动的定语从句。3.Prices of daily goods ________ through a computer can be lower than store prices.A.are bought B.bought C.been bought D.buying

4.The Olympic Games, ________ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912.A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing

三、考查过去分词作补足语

过去分词作宾语补足语时,逻辑主语是其前面的宾语,表示一个被动或完成的动作。例如: 5.The murderer was brought in, with his hands ________ behind his back.A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied

四、考查过去分词作表语

过去分词作表语,其主语通常是人,表示主语所处的状态或表示主语对某事的感觉,意思是”(某人)......的";而现在分词作表语时,其主语通常是物,表示主语的特征,意思是“令人......的”。常用作表语的过去分词有: interested, moved, discouraged, amused, astonished, surprised, frightened, excited, moved, inspired, tired, worried, hurt, crowded, gone, broken, dressed, wounded, pleased,等等。例如:

6.As we joined the big crowd, I got ________ from my friends.A.separated

B.spared C.lost D.missed

另外,有些以过去分词形式出现的词,其词性和意思都已发生了变化,须引起同学们的注意。例如:

7.________ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.A.Given B.To give C.Giving D.Having given

“Given”在此处是介词,意思是“在......的情况下;考虑到”。

答案:1-5 CDBCD 6-7 AA

你对第1面的《过去分词高考考点透析》一文理解得如何?为了使你加深印象,检测一下你的复习效果,请做下面选自高考试题的单项填空练习。为了让你开动脑筋,不盲目猜题,本练习题中也包括其它非谓语动词形式的习题。

1.Because of my poor English I'm afraid I can't make myself________.A.understand B.to understand C.understanding D.understood 2.The workers want us________ together with them.A.work B.working C.to work D.worked 3.What's the language________in Germany? A.speaking B.spoken C.be spoken D.to speak

4.________some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.A.Followed B.Followed by C.Being followed D.Having been followed by 5.Most of the people________ to the party were famous scientists.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.inviting 6.He was disappointed to find his suggestions________.A.been turned down B.turned down C.to be turned down D.to turn down 7.Do you know the boy________ under the big tree? A.lay B.lain C.laying D.lying 8.-Good morning.Can I help you?

-I'd like to have this package________, madam.A.be weighed B.to be weighed C.to weigh D.weighed

9.There was a terrible noise________ the sudden burst of light.A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followed 10.________more attention, the trees could have grown better.A.Given B.To give C.Giving D.Having given

11.The secretary worked late into the night, ________a long speech for the president.A.to prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.was preparing 12.It was so cold that they kept the fire ________all night.A.to burn B.burn C.burning D.burned

13.Generally speaking,________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.A.when taking B.when taken C.when to take

14.Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________the girl and took her away,________ into the woods.A.seizing;disappeared B.seized;disappeared C.seizing;disappearing D.seized;disappearing 15.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains________ whether they will enjoy it.A.to see B.to be seen C.seeing D.seen

16.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain________ as the plane was making a landing.A.seat B.seating C.seated D.to be seating

17.After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, ________.A.exhausting B.exhausted C.being exhausted D.having exhausted 18.The________ boy was last seen________ near the East Lake.A.missing;playing B.missing;play C.missed;played D.missed;to play 19.The patient was warned________ oily food after the operation.A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eating

20.While building a tunnel through the mountain, ________.A.an underground lake was discovered B.there was an underground lake discovered C.a lake was discovered underground D.the workers discovered an underground lake

key: 1-5 DCBBA 6-10 BDDBA 11-15 BCBDB 16-20 CBACD 动词—ing形式练习题

1.Taking pictures___ very interesting.A.is B.are C.to be D.be 2.______ the bad news made him cry.A.Hear B.Heard C.Hearing D.Is hearing 3._____ a desert had always been a risk adventure.A.being crossed B.Having crossed C.Crossing D.To have crossed 4.Before he came , I’d finished _______ the whole book.A.to read B.to have read C.reading D.read 5.I always enjoy ____ to popular music at night.A.to listen B.listening C.that I can listen D.if I can listen 6.We are considering ________ a trip around the island.A.take b.to take C.to be taking D.taking 7.I hope you don’t mind ____ at your newspaper.A.I look B.my looking C.I looking D.my to look 8.When a man’s heart stops ______ , he dies.A.to beat B.beating C.beat D.beaten 9.I can’t help _______ he is still alive.A.thinking B.think C.to think D.thought of 10.So far as I am concerned , I prefer reading ________.A.than meat B.for joy C.instead of sleeping D to drinking 11.It goes without _______ that knowledge is important.A.talking B.telling C.saying D.mentioning 12.we are looking forward ______ our friends next week.A.to see B.to seeing C.to be seeing D.shall see 13.He spent a lot of money _____ books and magazines.A.buy B.buying C.to buy D.bought 14.The silkworm is an insect worth _____.A.to know B.knowing C.to be known D.being known 15.She went out without ______ good-bye to us.A.say B.to say C.saying D.being said 16.The curious student kept on _______ questions.A.asks B.asking C.to ask D.asked 17.He is such a strange person;there’s _____ what he’ll do next.A.no knowing B.not to know C.not known D.being unknown 18.When she heard the bad news, she burst______.A.into crying B.out to tears C.crying D.out crying 19.You must never cross the street without ______ the light to turn green.A.waiting B/ to wait C.waiting for D.to wait for 20.Scientists succeed _____ protein out of old newspapers.A.to make B.at making C.making D.in making 21.I became ______ after watching too much television.A.bored B.boring C.bore D.bores 22.I felt ____ by his interest in my new invention.A.encourage B to encourage C.was encouraged D.encouraged 23.He sat there ______ a novel.A.read B.reading C.reads D.had read 24.Don’t wake up the______ child.A.sleep B.slept C.sleeping D.sleepy 25.A proverb goes: ‘A ___ stone gathers no moss’.A.roll B.rolling C.rolled D.rolls

26.The heavy rain kept us _____ for two hours.A.wait B.waited C.waiting D.to wait 27.I found a dog ______ over by a car on the road.A.to run B.run C.ran D.running 28.We found the baby ____ on the floor.A.slept B.sleep C.asleep D.sleeping 29.Jack saw a woman ______ near the dog , so he walked up to her.A.stood B.stands C.to stand D.standing 30.They got their car ____ at the garage.A.be washed B.washed C.being washed D.to have been washed 31._____ with his report , I told him to write it all over again.A.Dissatisfactory B.Not being satisfied C.Having not satisfied D.Dissatisfying 32._____ our shoes in our hands , we crossed the stream.A.To carry B.Carrying C.Carried D.Carry 33._____ my homework, I went home.A.Having finished B.Finished C.Being finished D.Finish 34.____ the door unlocked, I went in.A.Finding B.Found C.Had found D.Have found 35.______ a careless fellow, he forget all about it.A.Is B.Be C.Being D.Was 36._____ carefully, this letter is very beautiful A.Type B.Typing C.Typed D.To typed 37.Animals can do many amazing things when properly___.A.train B.training C.trained D.to train 38.You must be careful when ___ on the highway.A.you driving B.are driving C.driving D.you were driving 39.If _____ , I will go to the party tonight.A.invite B.inviting C.to invite D.invited 40.Thousands of products ____ from coal are now in daily use.A.made B.make C.making D.to make 41.Engines are machines ___ power or motion.A.produce B.producing C.produced D.which producing 42.During this battle some soldiers were wounded , and some _____.A.miss B.missed C.missing D.to miss 43Weather ____ , we will have a picnic tomorrow.A.permit B.permits C.permitted D.permitting 44.The vacation ____ over , the students came back to school.A.is B.are C.was D.being 45.____, we left off our work.A.After setting the sun B.Having set the sun C.The sun having set D.Being the sun set.46.___ the painting, he gave a sigh of relief.A.Finishing B.Has finished C.Being finished D.Having finished 47.___ the way to take, the traveller went on his journey.A.Telling B.Having told C.Having been told D.Have told 48.The United States has developed into a modern nation in a very short time___ with many other countries.A.compares B.comparing C.to compare D.compared 49.When you find something in your writing that needs _____ , you should mark it on the paper.A.to be correcting B.correct C.to correct D.correcting 50.None of us objected to ____ George to the birthday party.A.invite B.inviting C.have invited D.invited

ACCCB DBBAD CBBBC BADCD ADBCB CBCDB BBAAC CCCDA BCDDC DCDDB

第五篇：过去分词与现在分词被动式的区别

过去分词与现在分词被动式的区别

(1)过去分词在构成完成时态，不定式完成式以及被动语态时，通常不能用现在分词一般被动式代替。(现在进行时的被动语态除外)

eg：The door was closed an hour ago．

这门在一小时前就关闭了。

They have finished their homework。

他们已经做完了家庭作业

(2)过去分词作前置定语时，不能用现在分词一般被动式代替。eg： That was an inspired suggestion．

那是一条由某人提出的建议。

同样现在分词一般被动式作为定语表示动作时，也不能用过去分词来代替。eg：The house being built is a big project.正在施工的那幢楼是一项大的工程。

(3)过去分词作条件、时间等状语时，不可用现在分词一般被动式代替。eg：Given more time，I can do it better．(表条件)

多给点时间，我会做得更好些。

Given more attention，the trees could have grown better.(MET 90)(表示条件)如果多关心一些，这些树会长得更好。

Heated ,the metal expands．(表示时间)

加热后，这种金属会膨胀。

Asked why he did it，he said it was his duty ．(表示时间)

问及为何要做此事时，他说这是他的职责。

(4)过去分词作表语时，不能用现在分词一般被动式代替。eg：The top of the mountain is covered with snow.山顶满是雪。

(5)过去分词在构成have，get, want等动词后的复合宾语时，不能用现在分词一般被动式。

eg：Why don’t you have the radio fixed?

你为什么不把收音机拿去修一修?

尤其是一些感官动词，如：see，hear，find等后构成复合宾语时，过去分词和现在分词一般被动式意思完全不同。

eg:I heard this song being sung by my students in the next room.我听到隔壁房间的学生正在吟唱这首歌。

(注：现在分词一般被动式表示正在进行的动作)

I have never heard this song sung in English．

我从来没有听到过用英语唱这首歌。

(注：过去分词表示己完成的动作)

(6)在下面一些比较固定的分词独立结构中，通常多用过去分词。eg: all told总计

all things considered考虑了一切因素之后

this accomplished完成这项工程之后

this explanation given这样解释之后

all said and done毕竟

二．过去分词和现在分词完成被动式的区别：

及物动词的过去分词没有完成式，但它有“完成”的含义，所以它可以代替现在分词完成被动式。

eg:The bridge had been weakened by successive storms and was no longer safe.=

Weakened by successive storms, the bridge was no longer safe.=

Having been weakened by successive storms, the bridge was no longer safe.=这座桥接二连三地遭到暴风雨的袭击后，己经不安全了。

但若强调分词表示的行为发生在后一个动词表示的行为之前时，可用现在分词完成被动式。

eg:Having been warned about the bandits, he left his valuables at home。当警告有强盗出没时，他就把贵重物品留在家里。

通常过去分词可作定语使用，而现在分词完成被动式却不能用作定语。eg:The computer centre, opened last year, is very popular among the students in this school.(MET 93)

去年开办的计算机中心很受学生的欢迎。

(过去分词既能表示被动又有完成的含义)

The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.(NMET 94)

作为外语的英语教科书早在十六世纪就已经出版了。

Most of the artists invited to the party were from south America(MET 90)应邀参加舞会的大多数艺术家都来自南美。

过去分词可以用“连词＋过去分词”的结构作状语，其实质就是状语从句的省略，而现在分词的完成被动式却不能这样用。

eg:Once seen, it can never be forgotten.目睹一眼，终生难忘。

If bitten by a snake,you should send for help and don't walk

要是你被蛇咬了，你应当向别人求助而不要走。

When shot in the leg,he continued to fire back with his gun.虽腿部己遭枪击，他人仍然继续开枪还击。

The room,although supposed to be kept locked,was often left open.通常以为是锁着的那个房间，其实经常敞开着。

综上所述，过去分词与现在分词被动式无论其形式和内涵，都有一定的差异。正确地区别它们的异同，准确地运用它们的表达形式，对英语学习者来说，尤为重要，只要多加比较，反复体会，就能掌握这一知识点。