制药工程专业《文献检索与专业外语》试卷

第一篇：制药工程专业《文献检索与专业外语》试卷

10-11学年下半年《文献检索与专业外语》期中考试

姓名：学号：专业：成绩：

一、英译汉（30）

Abstract : The process of complex coacervation encapsulation for oil core materials was studied.Bean oil was selected as the core material and the gelatin and Arabic gum as coating materials.The factors that affect the process , such as pH value , reaction temperature , reaction time , reaction concent ration and stirring speed , were investigated.The results showed that the optimal conditions were as follows: emulsifying 2 % of Arabic gum and 2 % of gelatin , condensing at pH 4.0～4.5 for 15～20 min , stirring with a speed of 1500 r/ min , and solidifying at 10 ℃ for 60 min.The stirring speed exerted an important influence on the appearance and particle size distribution of the products.Key words : microcapsule;complex coacervation;gelatin;Arabic gum

二、汉译英（40）

摘 要：“制药工程设计”面临的都是真实、复杂的实际工程问题，如何将车间设计与制剂技术、GMP、设备及公用工程有机地组合在一起进行研究与教学已成为制药工程专业教学与科研的当务之急。文章针对各教学环节的特点，结合教学实践，围绕着教学内容和教法，介绍了为提高教学效果所做的课程教改实践与尝试，具体措施包括：激发学习兴趣、理论联系实际、加强课程设计考核、提高实习效果等，阐述在制药工程设计的教学中该如何培养学生的工程素质，使学生能将理论知识与工程实际衔接起来，逐步实现由学生向制药工程师的转变。关键词：制药工程设计；工程素质；实践；教学改革

三、阅读以下短文，综述短文摘要（200字，30）

Microcapsules are used in various applications, such as pharmaceuticals, food additives, coatings, electronic inks, catalysts, dyes, etc.The microencapsulated self-healing agents applied to polymeric composites is also one of the new options for microcapsule applications.Microcapsules are prepared by various chemical and physical methods.One of the microencapsulation methods most often used is the phase separation method with amino resins such as urea and melamine, which form the capsule wall by condensation polymerization with formaldehyde.The formation of urea–formaldehyde capsules has been described by many authors.The process consists of the reaction of urea and formaldehyde to obtain methylol urea, which further condenses under acidic conditions to form the shell material.In order to control the morphology and to prepare the microcapsules having the desired physical properties, it is necessary to know the wall-forming mechanism.The paramount objective of this study is the clarification of the wall formation

mechanism of the polyurea microcapsules by the phase separation method.In general encapsulation process, core material is emulsified for the formation of core drops in the previous stage and the drops obtained are covered by wall material in the succeeding stage to complete the microcapsules.However, it is usually very difficult to control the drop size of core material in the first stage of emulsion and to obtain drops with a favorable size and narrow size distribution.Furthermore, this mean size and size distribution, which are mainly determined by the first emulsification, would influence the following capsulation process.So it is remarkably difficult to understand the true encapsulation mechanism in the second microencapsulation stage separated from the first emulsification.To solve this problem, Kage et al.successfully investigated the microencapsulation mechanism of the complex coacervation method by completely excluding the complicated effect of the first emulsification.In their study, glass beads with a narrow size distribution were adopted as a solid core in order to obtain uniform core size.A similar approach was adopted in this research and spherical glass beads with a narrow size distribution were encapsulated by urea–formaldehyde by in situ polymerization.By the choice of glass bead as a core, the surface treatment for glass would have significant effects on how the polymer forms on and bonds to the glass.Even more fundamentally, the surface treatment will affect how much water the glass takes up from both ambient humidity and the aqueous bath, which could affect the surface state of the glass bead.Kage et al.discussed the core surface state on the microencapsulation by treating the surface with dimethyldichlorosilane.In this study, the glass beads surface was treated to hydrophobic with the method mentioned above and then used as cores.Factors determining the microencapsulability of the core material were investigated.In particular, our interest was devoted to better understand the influence of reaction parameters on the microcapsule properties.

第二篇：制药工程专业《文献检索与专业外语》试题答案

10-11下半年《文献检索与专业外语》期中考试答案

一、英译汉

摘 要:研究了复凝聚法制备含油微胶囊的工艺过程。以大豆油为囊芯材料,阿拉伯胶与明胶为璧材,研究了溶液p H 值,反应温度,反应时间,壁材浓度,搅拌条件等对微胶囊产品质量的影响。发现搅拌速度对微胶囊的粒径大小和分布影响很大。最佳工艺条件为:明胶与阿拉伯胶质量比为1,浓度都为2 % ,p H 值为4.0～

4.5 ,搅拌速度为1500 r/ min ,反应温度为55 ℃,凝聚时间为15～20min ,固化温度为10 ℃,固化时间60 min。

关键词:微胶囊;复凝聚法;明胶;阿拉伯胶

二、汉译英

Abstract: The practical engineering problems that“Pharmaceutical Engineering design ” face are real and complex, how to plant design and preparation technology, GMP, equipment and public works organically combined with research and teaching has become the pharmaceutical in engineering course and research priority.Aiming at the characteristics of the teaching process, teaching practice, teaching content and teaching methods around, introduced to improve the teaching effectiveness of courses made by practice and try to reform, specific measures include: stimulating interest in learning, theory with practice, to strengthen curriculum assessment to improve practice effects, and explains the teaching of pharmaceutical engineering design,How cultivat students the quality of engineering ,so that students can link theoretical knowledge and engineering together, to gradually achieve change from students to the pharmaceutical engineers.Keywords: pharmaceutical engineering design;engineering quality;practice;teaching reform

三、A series of microcapsules were prepared by in situ polymerization with poly(urea–formaldehyde)as the shell material and glass beads as the core material.Glass beads were chosen as the core material because their size distribution was narrow and their surface was easily changed to be hydrophobic.The respective effects of initial pH value, concentration of wall material and surfactant, stirring rate on the state of microencapsulation were investigated systematically.The results showed that the surface morphology of the microcapsule depends mainly on the final pH value and stirring rate.A higher final pH value and faster stirring rate helped to prepare a smoother microcapsule.Addition of ammonium chloride was found to be very important in preparing of PUF microcapsules.The involvement of ammonium chloride caused a substantial drop in thepHvalue during reaction and enhanced the deposition of UF nanoparticles onto the surface of microcapsule.

第三篇：制药工程专业

制药工程（生物制药）

A 培养目标 培养德、智、体全面发展的，具备药学、生物制药等方面的基本理论知识和基本实验技能，能从事生物药物研究开发、工艺设计、质量控制、生产和经营管理等方面工作的高级科学技术专门人才。

B 培养要求 本专业学生应掌握生物化学、生化分离分析技术、生物技术及工业药剂学等方面的基本理论知识和专业技能，受到生物制药研究和生产技术的基本训练，毕业后能从事生物药物的资源开发、产品研制、生产、技术管理、质量控制等工作。

C 培养对象 四年制本科

D 主干学科 生物工程学、药学、药剂学、制药工程学

E 主要课程 生物化学、生物制药工程学、生物技术基础、酶工程与发酵工程、细胞生物学、生物制药工艺学、微生物学、免疫学、化工原理、生物药品分析、药剂学。

F 主要实践性教学环节 改革传统的教育思想、教育内容和教学方法，贯彻理论联系实际的原则，切实加强三基（基础理论、基本知识和基本技能）、三严（严格要求、严肃态度和严密方法）的教育和训练；要提倡自学与讨论，充分发挥学生学习的主动性和积极性，培养学生独立地分析问题、解决问题和实际操作能力；加强计算机应用知识和外语的实际能力的训练。

G 主要专业实践 教学实习3周，时间机动安排。毕业实习25周，在第八学期进行。主要实践环节在于生物药物的实验室制备及生产实践及撰写毕业论文。H 学生继续深造方向 中药学、药学、药物制剂、药理学、生药学。考研比例20%。

L 学生就业情况 从事生物药物及其制剂研究、开发、生产技术改造、质量检验以及药物经营管理的实践和科学研究等工作。

第四篇：制药工程专业

学习计划

药学综合考试要注重基础，不要一味求难，要熟练掌握基本的知识。

专业课学习的时间安排及学习的基本要求（各位同学需要根据自己的实际情况作调整）：

完成全部的基础学习，最少看完一遍书。

根据辅导班内容查漏补缺，并完成十年真题，最好再把课本过一遍。

进入冲刺阶段，首先完成之前没有完成的内容，最重要的就是，把你自己认为非常重点的东西铭记于心，倒背如流，要达到非常熟练，用预测试卷测试自己对知识的掌握程度。

不要给自己安排太多繁重的任务，不要打击自己的信心，安排一些比较好完成的，比如背诵、做2份卷子。如果考前3天还没有复习完，就不要再继续拼命复习了，做做历年真题，做做你平时做的很好的事情（比如你很拿手背诵。。），放松一下心情，尽量对历年真题多熟悉。

以下是针对综一的基本要求，考其他科目的同学自己参考大纲和教材。

有机：

以王积涛书后习题为基础，掌握，做熟练。

十年的考试真题要全部做会，如果时间不允许，最少做5-8年的。

卢金荣的有机化学习题集为高要求，有时间可以做。

分析：

教材后的练习题要求全部掌握，做熟练。

十年的考试真题要全部做会，分析类似题目多，做起来比较快，最好十年全做。

生理：

以教材为基础，认真学习内部资料，不要光背，要重在理解，明白原理。

生理十年真题做起来也较快，不一定要一个字一个字的全部写出来，至少在心里完整想一遍。

生化：

以教材为基础，认真学习内部资料，不要光背，要重在理解，明白原理。

生化十年真题做起来也较快，不一定要一个字一个字的全部写出来，至少在心里完整想一遍。生化的习题集不一定要全做，题量也比较大，但最好挑一些你认为重要的题目做做，因为这本书是药大生化教研室编的，也难说考试饿时候没有原题。

第五篇：采煤专业外语试卷

采煤专业外语试卷

（一）Gradually, black powder was introduced to blast down the coal, but undercutting, sidecutting, and drilling were still done by hand.During the late 1700s and 1800s, a number of basic developments greatly aided the mining of coal.The first steam engine was invented by James Watt in 1775 in Britain to pump water from coal mines, a very important application that made it possible for mines to go deeper.The first rail transportation was for mining, the first steam locomotive was developed in 1814 by George Stephenson in England for a colliery and the first electric locomotive was developed in 1814 by George Stephenson in England for a colliery,and the first electric locomotive was developed in 1883 in Germany for underground use.Accumulation of vegetal matter is now occurring in areas of the world ranging from subarctic to tropical resulting in formation of peat.Two major types of peat land can be recognized:(1)that developing on continental interior areas relatively elevated above sea level, and(2)that forming in low coastal areas ciose to sea level.In both types of areas, pea formation requires that growth of vegetation exceed that of decay and that the plant material be allowed to accumulate and not be removed by erosion.Many of these marine animals and plants extracted calcium carbonate from the seawater.When their remains accumulated on the sea fioor, their shells and fine calcium carbonate muds formed deposits commonly from a few feet up to hundreds of feet thick that are now limestone and dolomite.After plan material accumulatesand is buried by various sediments, it may be removed by the downward erosive action of streams.Its absence in the rock sequence is termed a washout or cutout.Washouts may happen shortly after deposition of the peat or much later, even after the coal has been covered by other sediments.The channel is later filled with mud and sand deposits so that the normal position of the coal is occupied by shale or sandstone.大学采煤专业外语学习影响因素调查经过几个月的专业外语学习，你对专业外语

A 很了解B 有了一定的了解C还是不很了解D 一点都不了解经过几个月的专业外语学习，你是否愿意继续学习专业外语

A 很愿意B 有点愿意C不太愿意D 一点都不愿意你认为将来工作时能用到专业外语吗？

A 能用到B 能用到一点C不太清楚D 一点都用不到你认为学习专业外语重要吗？

A 很重要B 有点重要C不太重要D 一点都不重要你认为就这几个月的专业外语学习，就自己有限的学习内容，你理解的程度

A 理解得很透彻B 有了一定的理解C不是很理解D 一点都不理解 6 你认为专业外语学不好的主要原因是什么？

A 没有语言环境 B 没有动力C教材不合适D 教学方法不合适E 其它 7 你认为现在专业外语的教材怎么样？

A 太难B 有点难C中等D 不太难你认为现在专业外语的教学方法怎么样？

A 好B一般C不太好D 一点都不好你认为教师平时的教学进度怎么样？

A 太快B 有点快C正好D 不快通过专业外语的学习，你认为你的学习能力提高了吗？

A 提高了很多B 有一点提高C和原来一样D 一点都没提高

如果提高了，请问在哪方面得到提高了？

A 专业知识B 英语学习能力C与同学合作的能力D 查阅文献资料的能力 11 谈谈你对专业外语学习的建议：

教材，教师，教学方法，