2014届高三英语语法讲解——情态动词

第一篇：2014届高三英语语法讲解——情态动词

情态动词

概述：情态动词表示说话人的情感态度。它有一定的实在词义（如：能、会、可能、以前、最好、宁愿），只有谓语特性，必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。

例如：+be done

+be doing

must+have done

+have been done

+have been doing

注意：和used(to)例外，动词不定式要带上”to”

一、情态动词的用法：

1．can

1）表示能力“能够，会”

She can drive, but she can’t ride a bicycle.Can you give me a lift to the station?

2）表示对现在动作或状态进行主观的猜测“可能、会”，或表示惊异，怀疑，不相信等态度，主要用在否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。例如：

He can’t have a lot of money.Can it be that it was I, not he, who was mistaken?

How can you be so careless!

3）表示客观可能性“可能”，可用于肯定句

As a human being, anyone can make a mistake.The temperature can fall to-60°C that is 60°C below freezing.4）表示允许“可以”，意思与may 相近，主要用在口语中

Can I have a look at your copy of China Daily?

This sort of thing can’t go on.5）构成下列特殊句式：

①cannot /can never …too … 或 cannot …enough越…越好；非常．．．．．．

One cannot be too careful.I cannot thank you enough.You can’t praise him too highly.②cannot help doing …/cannot help but do …/cannot but do …禁不住；不由得；不得不 I cannot help admiring the picture whenever I look at it.When a close friend dies, you cannot but feel sad.2.could

1)表示能力,指的是过去时间

In those days few workers could support their family.I couldn’t follow the teacher in class.2)表示允许,指的是过去时间

She asked whether she could take the books out of the reading-room.3)表示可能,可以指过去时间;也可以指现在时间,表示语气缓和

I didn't think the story could be true.But you mustn’t smoke while you’re walking around in the bush either.You could start a fire.He looks young.He couldn’t be over fifty.他看起来很年轻,他不可能超过五十岁.4)比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法,指的是现在时间

Could I see your license?

I have a few friends.I could ring to see if they’re free.Can(could)与be able to

Can(could)和be able to表示能力时意思上没有区别.但can 只有现在式和过去式,而be able to 则有更多的形式.No one is able to do it.= No one can do it.Will you be able to come tonight?

I’m sorry I haven’t been able to answer your letter.She said she had not been able to come earlier.但是,在表示成功地完成某一具体动作时用be able to 来表示。这时,be able to相当于managed

to 或succeeded in doing ,表示经过一番努力，终于能够……。例如：

1）Were able to escape

people2）Managed to escapeinto the street.3）succeed in escaping

3．May

1)表示许诺“可以”或询问、说明一件事。

注意：回答may 引起的问句时，否定形式用must not(禁止)，had better not(最好别)。

May I trouble you with a question?

—Could I call you by your first name ?

—Yes, you may./No, you mustn’t./No, you’d better not.2).表示表示主观的推测“或许”，通常用在肯定句和否定句中。例如：

He may be very busy now.He may not be at home.注意：表示可能性时，can’t 语气强表示“不可能”；may not 语气弱，表示“可能不（或许）”。

4．might

1)表示可以做的事，指的是过去时间

He asked if he might look through my album.2）表示口气比较婉转客气，指的是现在时间

Might I ask for a photograph of your baby?

I wonder if I might borrow some coffee.3）表示可能发生的事，可以指过去时间；也可以指现在时间，但表示语气更加不肯定

She was afraid they might not like the idea.They might have a lot of work to do now but I’m not sure.5．must

1)表示必须要做的事，否定表示“禁止”

We mustn’t move someone if they are badly hurt.如果一个人受了重伤，你一定不要挪动他。注意：在回答由must 引起的问句时，如果是否定回答，不能用mustn’t ,而要用needn’t 或don’t have to ,因为mustn’t 是“不准、禁止”的意思。

--Must we send in our plan this week?--Yes ,you must.。

--No, you needn’t./ No, you don’t have to.2）表示猜测，意为“想必，准是，一定”，只用于肯定句中

This must be your room.Look at his new car.He must have a lot of money.3)表示讨厌情绪“偏偏”

I am sleeping when you must turn your radio on.注意：have to 表示“必须”，“不得不”，在这个意义上与must 很接近，但must 表示的是说话人的主观看法，而 have to表示的却是客观需要。另外，have to比must 有更多的形式。You must be back by ten.（命令或叮嘱）

You have to be back by ten.（客观需要）

We had to go home on foot.我们不得不走回家。

6．should和ought to “应该”

1)表示应该做的事，should 和 ought to 一般可以通用。但ought to 语气更强些，强调“有责任，有义务做”或“按道理应该如何”；should 含有“劝告、建议”的语气，即“按我的想法应该如何”。试比较

--I’ll start the work tomorrow.我明天开始这工作。

--Ｉthink you should start at once./ No, you ought to start at once.不行，你得立即开始。

2）表示推测，意为“想必一定，照说应该，估计”。should 和 ought to 在这一意义上含义比must 弱。试比较

Mr.Black must be home by now.（肯定）

Mr.Black ought to(should)be home by now.（不能肯定）

7．shall

1)用于第一、三人称，构成疑问句，表示征求对方意见或请求指示

Shall I open the window?

Shall the boy wait outside?

2)用于第二、三人称，表示说话人的意愿，表示“命令、警告、威胁、强制、允诺、决心” You shall do as I say.（命令）

Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow.（允诺）

If you children don’t do as I tell you, you shall not go to the party.（威胁）

You shall be sorry for what you did.对你的所作所为你会感到后悔的。（警告）

Nothing shall stop us from carrying out this plan.什么也不能阻止我们实现这项计划。（决心）

8．will

1)表示“意志，意愿”，可用于多种人称 I will do anything for our soldiers.If you will read the book, I will lend it to you.如果你愿意读这本书，我会把它借给你。

注意：从句中的will 是情态动词，表示“意愿”；主句中的will 是助动词，帮助构成将来时。

2）will 在疑问句中用于第二人称，表示询问对方的意愿或向对方提出请求

Will you open the door for me, please?

Pass me the glass, will you?递给我杯子，好吗？

有时，这种句子也可以是won’t you have a little more rice ?

3）表示某种倾向或习惯性动作，意为“总是会，老是，就是”；否定结构意为“不肯、不能”。这种用法并不指将来时间，因此，不能与表示将来时间的状语连用

Some birds will fly south when winter comes.Boys will be boys.They are always naughty.What’s the matter with the door? It won’t lock.9．would

1)是will 的过去式，表示过去时间的“意志、意愿”，可用于多种人称

They said that they would help us.2）would指的是现在时间，表示说话人的意愿或向对方提出请求，语气比will 婉转。也可表示委婉地提出看法、请求、建议等

I would like to have a try.我想试试。

Would you like me to carry it for you? 我帮你拿这个好吗？

3）表示反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向

He told me the box wouldn’t open.他告诉我盒子就是打不开。.used to

在肯定句中，used to 表示过去（曾经）的动作或状态，现在“已不”.I used to get along very well with my cousin and we used to be very good friends.Did you use to go to the same school?

I didn’t use to smoke.John used to be a policeman, didn’t he?

Did you use to take a walk in the morning?

used to 常用来表示表示已不复存在的过去的习惯，侧重与现在的对比，而would用来表示过去反复发生的动作。

He would go to that bookstore when he was at college.他在上大学时经常去那个书店。

11． need

need 作为情态动词，主要用于否定句，疑问句中。在肯定句中一般为行为动词

Need he do it all at once? 他需要马上做这件事吗？

Why need you go today? 为什么你今天需要去？

I wonder if I need bring my computer.我想知道我是否需要带上电脑。

注意：回答由need 引起的问句时，肯定回答一般用must ,否定回答时用needn’t.--Need I give you the book?

--Yes ,you must.--No ,you needn’t.need 用作及物动词，和不定式连用，可用于各种结构。

Does he need to know it?

The question needs to be discussed.这问题需要讨论。

12.dare(dared)

dare及其过去式dared 作为情态动词，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中。Dare you go home alone?

She dare not say what she thinks.除了在I dare say … 这种习惯用语中，dare 在肯定结构中用作情态动词的情形是很少的。I dare say my uncle will do that.dare 还可以作及物动词，跟不定式，用于各种结构。否定句中to 可以省略。

We must dare to act.I did not dare(to)look up.我不敢抬头看。

二、情态动词的完成式（表示已经发生的情况和表示虚拟语气）

1、must have+过去分词，表示对已发生情况的肯定推测

My pen must have apparent the moment I walked into the room.2、can’t / couldn’t have+过去分词，表示对已发生情况的否定推测

Mary can’t have received my letter;otherwise she would have replied before now.3、may / might have +过去分词，表示对已发生的事情做不肯定的推测

A potentially serious leakage of radioactive water may have been caused by an electrician.4、needn’t have + 过去分词，表示做了不必做的事，相当于“didn’t need to do” As it turned out to be a small house party, we needn’t have dressed up so formally.5、should have +过去分词，表示应该做某事但实际上未做

I should have planned everything ahead carefully.6、could have +过去分词，表示过去本来可以做但却未做

You could have phrased it more tactfully7、may/ might have +过去分词，表示过去可以做但实际未做

It might have been better to include more punchy statistics and photos of equipment in the introduction to further assist first-time office automation managers.三、其他

情态动词must ,can/could ,may /might表推测句子的反义问句的构成。要先将情态动词去掉按照常规句子的方式进行变换。例如：

He must be working in the office now, isn’t he?

Tom may have missed the bus again, hasn’t he?

Jack can’t have arrived this morning, did he?

如果是祈使句，则都变成 will sb？

情态动词DCDAA CBBDB CBBB

虚拟语气补充DBCAA BCDDA CDADA BBDAB

第二篇：高三情态动词专项

高三情态动词专项

1.Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy;they___ just be quiet people.A.must B.may C.should D.would

2.—Why____you be talking so loudly while others are studying?

–--I am terribly sorry.A.shall B.must C.will D.may

3.—Where will you start your work after graduation?

—Um,it’s not been decided yet.I_____continue my study for a higher degree.A.must B.need C.would D.might

4.--___it be Tom that stole the manager’s mobile phone?

---No,as far as I know,Tom is very honest.A.May B.Can C.Must D.Should

5.Traffic safety is so important that everyone___take safety measures too seriously.A.shouldn’t B.mustn’t C.cannot D.won’t

6.Peter____be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.A.shall B.should C.can D.must

7.You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman_____be so rude to a lady.A.might B.need C.should D.would

8.---The work will take me another week.I’m really tired.—I think you___ as well go to ask an experienced worker for some advice.A.may B.can C.need D.must

9.—That must be a mistake.—No,it_____a mistake.A.must not beB.needn’t be C.cannot be D.would not be

10.He was a good runner so he__ escape from the police.A.might B.succeeded to C.would D.was able to

11.A dog ran in front of my mother’s car and she___ stop very quickly.A.ought to B.had better C.must D.had to

12.I didn’t hear the phone.I____asleep.A.must be B.should be C.must have been D.should have been

13.---I saw Mr Sun at Tongyu Station this morning.—You____.He’s still on holiday in Hawaii.A.couldn’t have B.mustn’t have C.shouldn’t D.needn’t

14.--What has happened to George?

—I don’t know.He____lost.A.can have got B.may have got C.might get D.could get

15.Many people___to his home as he keeps a big dog.A.not dare go B.dare not go C.not dare to go D.dare not to go

16.I don’t think he could have done so much homework last night,____?

A.do I B.could he C.has he D.did he

17.You ___late for yesterday’s class meeting,as it was so important.A.couldn’t be B.shouldn’ t beC.mustn’t have been D.oughtn’t to have been

18.—The Chinese athletes did extremely well in the Olympics.—Yes,they____well,or they____ such great achievement.A.must have been trained;couldn’t have gotB.must have trained;could have got

C.must have been trained;mustn’t have gotD.should have trained;couldn’t have got

19.As you know,although there are no classes on weekends now,no students___go out of the schoolwithout the headteacher’s permission.A.will B.must C.may D.shall

20.Many women___ a good salary,but they chose to stay at home for the family.A.must make B.must have made C.should make D.could have made

21.—Why hasn’t Mr.Green showed up at the meeting yet?

—I’m not sure,but he___ in a traffic jam driving here.A.could be caughtB.might be caughtC.might have been caught D.must have caught

第三篇：高考情态动词

2000 ~ 2005 年高考题汇编

情 态 动 词

1.Sorry I'm late.I ________ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.（2000北京春季）（A）

A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will

2.I was really anxious about you.You_________ home without a word.（01全国）（B）

A.mustn’t leaveB.shouldn’t have leftC.couldn’t have leftD.needn’t leave

3.— Write to me when you get home.— _________（01北京春季）（C）

A．I mustB．I shouldC．I willD．I can

4.— Is John coming by train?

— He should, but he _________ not.He likes driving his car.（02全国）【Ｄ】Ａ．mustＢ．canＣ．needＤ．may

5.― I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.― It ______ true because there was little snow there.（02北京）（C）

A.may not beB.won’t beC.couldn’t be

D.mustn’t be 6.— I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins — Yes, certainly.（02北京春季）（B）I have a look?

A.DoB.MayC.ShallD.Should

7.A left luggage office is a place where bagsbe left for a short time, especially at a railway station.（03全国卷）（B）

A．should B．can C．must D．will

8.— The room is so dirty.we clean it?

— Of course.（03北京春季）（B）

A．Will B．Shall C．Would D．Do

9.---Who is the girl standing over there?

---Well, if you______ know, her name is Mabel.（04天津）(C)

A may B can C must D shall

10.“The interestbe divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge.（04重庆）(D)

A.may B.should C.must D.shall

11.---I don't mind telling you what I know.---Y.I'm not asking you for it.（04江苏）(D)

A.mustn'tB.may notC.can'tD.needn’t

12.I ____ pay Tracy a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.（04浙江）(A)

A.shouldB.mightC.wouldD.could

13.---I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.---You________ her last week.（04福建）(D)

A．ought to tell B．would have told C．must tell D．should have told

14.I often see lights in that empty house.Do you think I _____ report it to the police?（04广西）（A）

A.shouldB.mayC.willD.can

15.Mr.White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t’ show up.（04广西）（A）

A.should have arrivedB.should arrive

C.should have had arrived D.should be arriving

16.---Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.---You ______ have my computer if you don't take care of it.（04湖南）（A）

A.shan't B.might notC.needn'tD.shouldn't

17.— Excuse me.Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?

— Sorry, I am not sure.But it be.（04湖北）(A)

A．mightB．will C．mustD．can

18.---Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock..I go out and play with Tom

for a while?

---No, I’m afraid not.Besides, it’s raining outside now.（04辽宁）(A)

A．Can’tB．Wouldn’tC．May notD．Won’t

19.Children under 12 years of age in that country ________ be under adult supervision when is a

public library.（04上海）(A)

A.mustB.mayC.canD.need

20.---Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?

---No, it______ be him---I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.（04全国I）(A)

A can’t B must not C won’t D may not

21.You ______ be tired---you’ve only been working for an hour.（04全国II）(C)

A must not B won’t be C can’t D may not

22.---Tom graduated from college at a very young age.---Oh, he______ have been a very smart boy then.（04全国IV）（D）

A could B should C might D must

23.You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _______ not like the design of the furniture.（04上海春季）（C）

A.mustB.shallC.mayD.need

24.He __________ have completed his work;otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the

seaside.(05北京卷)(B)

A.shouldB.mustC.wouldn’tD.can’t

25.He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free.（05山东卷）(A)

A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need

26.---I've taken someone else's green sweater by mistake.---It ______ Harry's.He always wears green.(05广东卷)(D)

A.has to beB.will beC.mustn't beD.could be

27.— Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.— Well.Hehave gone far—his coat’s still here.（05湖北卷）(C)

A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．wouldn’t

28.If Iplan to do anything I wanted to, I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much

of it as possible.（05湖北卷）(B)

A．would B．could C．had to D．ought to

29.---Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.---She ______.I've already borrowed one.（05湖南卷）(C)

A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.shouldn't

30.The more I think about him, the more reasons I find for loving him ___ I did.（05湖南卷）(A)

A.as much asB.as long asC.as soon asD.as far as

31.— Tom is never late for work.Why is he absent today?

— Something ________ to him.(05江西卷)(D)

A．must happenC．could have happened B．should have happened D．must have happened

32.John, look at the time._______ you play the piano at such a late hour?（05全国卷3）(B)

A．Must B．Can C．May D．Need

33.Tom, youleave all your clothes on the floor like this!（05全国卷1）(B)

A．wouldn’tB．mustn’tC．needn’tD．may not

34.There _________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.（05上海卷）(C)

A.mustn’tB.shan’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t

35.The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it

_________be very slow.（05浙江卷）(D)

A．should B．mustC．willD．can

36.I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car.They ____ at least 150

kilometers an hour.（05重庆卷）(B)

A.should have been doingB.must have been doing

C.could have doneD.would have done

37.I _______have been more than six years old when the accident happened.（05天津卷）(B)

A.shouldn'tB.couldn'tC.mustn'tD.needn't

38.Helen ______ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.（05安徽卷）(C)

A.shallB.mustC.mayD.can

39.This cake is very sweet.You __________ a lot of sugar in it.（05辽宁卷）(D)

A．should put B．could have put C．might put D．must have put

40.---The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she

returned.---Oh, dear!She _______ a lot of difficulties!(05江苏卷)(D)

A.may go throughB.might go through

C.ought to have gone throughD.must have gone through

41.I have lost one of my gloves.I ________ it somewhere.（05北京春季）（B）

A.must drop B.must have dropped

C.must be dropping D.must have been dropped

第四篇：情态动词教案

情态动词

【考纲解读】

情态动词与虚拟语气有千丝万缕的联系，它们往往放在一起考查。在近年高考题中，对情态动词的考查几乎每年都有纵观近几年的高考题可以看出，高考对情态动词的考查热点依次是：（1）推测和可能性；（2）“情态动词+have done”结构表示猜测或表示虚拟语气；（3）shall, should, can, must表示特定语气。尤其是对“情态动词+have done”结构的考查频率较高。试题的情景设置往往生动、真实，但考查的角度趋于细微化和综合化，有效信息较为隐蔽，这就决定了情态动词题是难题之一。情态动词题每年都考，所以本专题在高考中的重要地位是显而易见的。因而在复习中应引起高度重视，且依笔者之见，来年高考中对情态动词考查的可能性依然非常大。【知识要点】

一、情态动词的语法特征

1.情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。2.情态动词 除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。3.情态动词没有人称、数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。4.情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词等形式。

二、情态动词的基本用法 1.比较can 和be able to 1)can could 表示能力；可能(过去时用could)，只用于现在时和过去时(could)。be able to可以用于各种时态。

They will be able to tell you the news soon.他很快就能告诉你消息了。2)只用be able to中情况： 位于助动词后； 情态动词后；

表示过去某时刻动作时； 用于句首表示条件；

表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/were able to，不能用could。He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.=He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.战争爆发前，他就逃离欧洲了。

注意：could，在否定，疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。表示提出委婉的请求（注意在回答中不可用could）。

—Could I have the television on? —Yes，you can./No，you can’t.He couldn’t be a bad man.他不大可能是坏人。2.比较may和might

1)表示允许或请求；表示没有把握的推测；may 放在句首，表示祝愿。May God bless you!愿上帝保佑你！He might be at home.他有可能在家。

注意：might 表示推测时，不表示时态。只是可能性比may 小。

2)may/might as well，后面接不带to 的不定式，意为“不妨，还是……好”。You may(might)as well tell me the truth.你还是对我说实话好。3.比较have to和must

1)两词都是“必须”的意思，have to 表示客观的需要，must 表示说话人主观上的看法，即主观上的必要。

My brother was very ill，so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)

He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这件事）

2)have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。

He had to look after his sister yesterday.昨天他不得不照看他的妹妹。3)在否定结构中：

don’t have to 表示“不必”（可以不可以都行）；mustn’t表示“禁止” You don’t have to tell him about it.你不必把此事告诉他。You mustn’t tell him about it.你一定不要把这件事告诉他。4.must表示推测

1)must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为“一定”。

2)must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时，must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。

You have worked hard all day.You must be tired.你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。（对现在情况的推测判断）He must be working in his office.他一定在办公室工作呢。比较：He must be staying there.他现在肯定在那里。He must stay there.他必须待在那里。

3)must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时，must 要接完成式。I didn’t hear the phone.I must have been asleep.我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。

4)must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测，must 后面要接不定式的完成进行式。—Why didn’t you answer my phone call?

—Well，I must have been sleeping，so I didn’t hear it.5)否定推测用can’t。

If Tom didn’t leave here until five o’clock，he can’t be home yet.如果汤姆五点才离开这儿，他此时一定还未到家。5.表示推测的用法

can，could，may，might，must 皆可表示推测，其用法如下： 1)情态动词+动词原形

表示对现在或将来的情况的推测，此时动词通常为系动词。I don’t know where she is，she may be in Wuhan.我不知道她在哪儿，她可能在武汉。2)情态动词+动词现在进行时

表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。

At this moment，our teacher must be correcting our exam papers.这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。

3)情态动词+动词完成时表示对过去情况的推测。

We would have finished this work by the end of next December.明年12月底前我们很可能已完成这项工作了。The road is wet.It must have rained last night.地是湿的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。

4)情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时表示对过去正在发生事情的推测。Your mother must have been looking for you.你妈妈一定一直在找你。

5)推测的否定形式，疑问形式用can’t，couldn’t表示。

Mike can’t have found his car，for he came to work by bus this morning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。

注意：could，might表示推测时不表示时态，其推测的程度不如can，may。6.情态动词+have+过去分词

1)may(might)have+done sth.can(could)have+done sth.表示过去，推测过去时间里可能发生的事情。

Philip may(might)have been hurt seriously in the car accident.飞利浦在那场车祸中有可能伤的很严重。

2)must have+done sth.对过去时间里可能发生的事情的推测，语气较强，具有“肯定”“谅必”的意思。

—Linda has gone to work，but her bicycle is still here.—She must have gone by bus.3)ought to have done sth.／should have done sth.本应该做某事，而事实上并没有做。否定句表示“不该做某事而做了”。

He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.（事实上已扔了。）ought to 在语气上比should 要强。4)needn’t have done sth.本没必要做某事 I dressed very warmly for the trip，but I needn’t have done so.The weather was hot.那次旅行，我穿的非常暖和，但我本没有必要那么去做。天太热了。5)would like to have done sth.本打算做某事

I would like to have read the article，but I was very busy then.我本想读那本书，但我那时太忙了。7.should 和ought to

should 和ought to 都为“应该”的意思，可用于各种人称。—Ought he to go?

—Yes.I think he ought to.表示要求，命令时，语气由 should（应该），had better最好），must（必须）渐强。8.had better表示“最好”

had better 相当于一个助动词，它只有一种形式，它后面要跟动词原形。had better do sth.最好干某事

had better not do sth.最好不干某事

had better have done sth.表示与事实相反的结果，意为“本来最好”。9.would rather表示“宁愿” would rather do 宁可干某事

would rather not do 宁可不干某事 would rather...than...宁愿……而不愿

还有would sooner，had rather，had sooner都表示“宁愿”“宁可”的意思。I would rather stay here than go home.=I would stay here rather than go home.我宁可待在这儿也不回家。

10.will和would

1)would like；would like to do=want to 想要，为固定搭配。Would you like to go with me?你想和我一块儿去吗？

2)Will you...? Would you like...?表示肯定含义的请求劝说时，疑问句 中一般用some，而不是any。

Would you like some cake?要蛋糕吗？

3)否定结构中用will，一般不用would，won’t you是一种委婉语气。Won’t you sit down?你不坐吗? 11.情态动词的回答方式

must和need相同:Yes,...must.No,...needn't/don't have to may和can could相同:Yes,...may/can/could.No,...mustn't/...'d better not/can't.shall:Yes,...can/may.No,...can't.should:Yes,...should.No,...shouldn't.will和would差不多:Yes,...do/will.No,...won't/thanks.典型例题

1）---Could I borrow your dictionary?---Yes,of course,you____.A.might B.will C.can D.should 答案C.could表示委婉的语气,并不为时态.答语中of course,表示肯定的语气,允许某人做某事时,用can和 may来表达,不能用could或might.复习：will 与you连用,用来提出要求或下命令.should与you 连用,用来提出劝告.2）---Shall I tell John about it?---No,you ___.I've told him already.A.needn't B.wouldn't C.mustn't D.shouldn't 答案A.needn't 不必,不用.wouldn't 将不,mustn't 禁止、不能.shouldn't 不应该.本题为不需要,不必的意思,应用needn't.3）---Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.---______.A.I don't B.I won't C.I can't D.I haven't 答案B.will既可当作情态动词,表请求、建议、也可作为实义动词表“意愿、意志、决心”,本题表示决心,选B.12.比较need和dare

一、need表示“需要”或“必须”，作情态动词时，仅用于否定句或疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用must,have to,ought to，或should代替。多用在否定式或疑问句中.1.Need I attend the meeting tomorrow?

我需要明天参加会议吗? 2.You need not hand in the paper this week.这一周你不必交论文。

need 是一个情态动词，他的用法完全和其他情态动词一样，但 need 还可当作实义动词使用，这时 need 就象其他动词一样，有第三人称，单复数，后面加带 to 的动词等特性。1.I need a bike to go to school.我上学需要一辆自行车。2.Do you need a dictionary? 你需要词典吗? 3.She needs a necklace.她需要一条项链。

needn't + have + 过去分词 表示过去做了没必要做的事情。You needn't have taken it seriously.这件事情你不必太认真。

二、Dare表示“敢”，Dare作情态动词时，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，一般不用在肯定句中。多用在否定或疑问句中。1.The little girl dare not speak in public.小女孩不敢在公众面前说话。2.Dare you catch the little cat? 你敢抓小猫吗? dare 除用作情态动词外，更多的是当实义动词使用，用法同实义动词一样，要考虑人称，单复数，时态等。

1.Do you dare to walk in the dark? 你敢黑夜走路吗？

2.He doesn't dare to tell the teacher what happened that day.他不敢告诉老师那天发生的事。

三、Dare和need常用作实义动词，有时态、人称和数的变化，所不同的是，作实义动词时，在肯定句中，dare后面通常接带to的不定式，在否定和疑问句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。如：

I dare to swim across this river.He does not dare(to)answer.Don't you dare(to)touch it!I wondered he dare(to)say that.He needs to finish it this evening.另外need 的被动含义：need，want，require，worth（形容词）后面接doing，也 可以表示被动：need doing=need to be done Shall用于第一人称,表示征求对方的意愿.如：What shall we do this evening? 2.Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示.如：Shall we begin our lesson? When shall he be able to leave the hospital? 3.Shall用于第二、第三人称,表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁.如：You shall fail if you don't work harder.（警告）He shall have the book when I finish reading.（允诺）He shall be punished.（威胁）

第五篇：情态动词专项

情态动词专项

1.can

①（表能力）能…，会…

She can drive, but she can’t ride a bike.A computer can’t think for itself.(不会思考)

②（可能，许可）能够…，可以…

The noise outside has stopped , now I can get down to my study.--Can I use your telephone?--Yes, of course, you can.You can go out to play when you do away with your homework.③有时会…，偶尔…，The climate of East China can be pretty cold in winter.Jogging can be harmful for the health.Even experienced teachers can make mistakes.London could be rather cold in summer while I stayed there.④（表温和的命令）请做…，得…

I’ll do the cooking, and you can do the washing.（请你去洗衣服）

You can go now.⑤（表示猜测）可能…

Can he be working till so late?

Who can it be at this time of day?

Can it be Tom? No, it can’t be Tom.He is busy these days, so he can’t come today.can 与be able to 的区别：

The fire spread through the hotel very quickly, but everyone was able to get out.(强调设法干成某事)

2.shall

⑪用于一三人称的问句中，表示征求对方的意见

Shall I shut the window? Yes, please.Shall she go to the concert with us this evening?

Shall they come in?

Shall we go out for a walk?

⑫用于二三人称，表示命令，允诺，警告，威胁，强制

①You shall go to the front at once.(命令)

②Don’t worry.You shall get the answer this afternoon.（允诺）

③I promise she shall get a nice present on her birthday.（允诺）

④He shall be punished.威胁

⑤You shall listen to me.(命令)

⑥The interest(利益利润)shall be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides.(命令法规)

⑦It has been announced that candidates(候选人)shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.（表按规定）

3.must

⑪必须

I must keep my word.You must get up much earlier.⑫不必needn’t/don’t have to

--Must I wash the dishes at once?

--No, you needn’t./don’t have to.⑬mustn’t 禁止，不许

You mustn’t play with the knife.Cars mustn’t be parked here.--May I use your pen?

--No, you mustn’t

⑭（表必然性）必定

Everyone must die.⑮（表固执，不满等）偏要硬要

Our there-year-old boy must do the opposite to what we ordered.Just when I was busy, the neighbor must come and chat.Why must you be so stubborn(倔强的)?

If you must know, I’m going to help him look for an apartment.4.should

⑪ 应该

You should apologize to him.We should attend the meeting.⑫（表预期）按理会…，想必会…，一定会…

The concert should be great fun.The photos should be ready by 12:00.The old man is always hunting the lions, so terrible things should happen to him.⑬（表惊讶，遗憾）竟然居然

I’m glad that your story should speak in such a way.I wonder that a person like him should make such a mistake.It’s a pity that he should resign.⑭（用于条件状语从句中）一旦，万一

If she should know the truth, she would be depressed.If you should change your mind, let us know.Ask him to call me up if you should see him.⑮（用于lest, for fear that, in case引导的句子）以免，唯恐

She gave me a list just in case I should forget what to buy.He ran away lest he should be caught.He gets up early for fear that he should miss it.5.would

①(表过去的习惯行为)常常经常

When I was a child, I would often go skiing.We would stay up all night talking about our future.Every morninghe would go for a walk.When he was here, he would go to that coffee shop at the corner after work everyday.区别used to do sth过去常常

I use to be a waiter, but now a taxi driver.There used to be a cinema here before the war.Our country isn’t what it used to be.②（表示说话者的厌烦焦躁）老是偏要

That’s exactly like Susie.She would come to me just when I was busy.(老是在我忙碌时来找我)

I told him not to go, but he would not listen.（可他偏不听）

③（用于if 从句）愿意乐意

If you would go there instead of me, I should be very glad.如果你愿意代替我去那儿，我会很高兴的。

You could win if you would try要是你愿意尝试，你会赢的④（用于否定句中，主语一般是事物，表某事物暂时的特性）就是不能 That window wouldn’t open.That morning my car wouldn’t start.When I called on him this morning, his dog wouldn’t let me in.The door won’t open.The car won’t start.The doctor knows I won’t be operated on.⑤（表示推测）大概，大约

That would be his father.那大概设他父亲。

You would be about 10 years old then.你那时大概10岁。

It would be about ten when they left.I thought she would have told you about it.6.需特别注意：

①may well do sth =be very likely to do sth(很可能，完全能)

may as well do sth = had better do sth

② would like to have done

= would love to have done

= was/were to have done(本来想做…，本来打算做…)

③ had better have done sth（当时已做了…就好了）

④ must have done sth（肯定干过某事）

⑤ can have done sth可能已干过…

can’t have done sth不可能干过…，肯定没干过…

⑥could have done sth本来能够干 …，可能已干过…

⑦ may /might have done sth也许已经干过…，⑧should have done sth

=ought to have done sth本来应该干…

⑨needn’t have done sth本不必做…

⑩would rather have done sth宁愿干过…

would rather not have done sth宁愿没干过…

好成绩是练出来的：

1.A left –luggage office is a place where bags ____ be left for a short time , especially at a railway station.A shouldB canC must D will

2.How ___ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article?

A canB mustC needD may

3.--There’s no light on.--they ___ be at home.A can’tB mustn’tC needn’tD shouldn’t

4.Some aspects of a pilots job ___ be boring ,and pilots often ___ work at in convenient hours.A can, have toB may, canC have to, mayD ought to, must

5.He didn’t agree with me at first, but I ____ persuade him to sign the agreement later.A couldB mightC ought to Dwas able to

6.If I ____ plan to do anything I wanted to, I’d like to go to Tibet and…

A wouldB couldC had toD ought to

7.The World Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Walt because it ___ be very slow.A shouldB mustC will D can.8.—Is Jack on duty today?

--It ___ be him.It’s his turn tomorrow.A can’tB mustn’tC needn’tD won’t

9.I____ have been more than six years old when the accident happened.A couldn’tB mustn’tC needn’tD shouldn’t

10.—I have taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.--It ___ Harry’s.He always wears green.A has toB will beC must beD could be

11.You ____ be tired , you have only been working for an hour.A can’tB mustn’tC may notD won’t

12.—Do you know where David is ?I couldn’t find him anywhere.--Well, he ___ have gone far.His coat is still here.A can’tB mustn’tC may notD won’t

13.—Can I pay the bill by check?

--Sorry, sir.But it is the payment shall be made in cash.A shallB mustC will D can.14.—Could I have a word with you, mum?

--Oh, dear, if you ____.A shouldB mustC may D can.15.Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter ___ go and do the opposite.A shouldB mustC may D can.16.—Who is the girl standing over there?

--Well, if you ___ know, her name is Mabel.A shallB mustC may D can.17.John, look at the time.___ you play the piano at such a late hour?

A NeedB MustC May D Can.18._____ you need any help, you can phone me at the office.A WouldB ShouldC CouldD Had

19.—I’m afraid I will be too busy to go with you.--Well, I’ll keep a seat for you in case you ___ change your mind.A shouldB mayC will D can.20.If anything __ happen to me, please give this letter to my head teacher.A couldB mustC wouldD should

21.There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, ____ a sudden loud noise.A being thereB should there beC there wasD there having been

22.—When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.--They ___ be ready by 12:00.A shouldB mightC need D can.23.It’s nearly seven o’clock.Jack ___ be here at any moment.A shouldB mustC need D can.班级________姓名_____________

1-5 ___________________2-10___________________11-15_________________

16-20__________________21-23_______