黑龙江哈尔滨中央大街秋林公司导游词

第一篇：黑龙江哈尔滨中央大街秋林公司导游词

在哈尔滨世纪之初建筑中，以“新艺术”风格占多数，且大多为办公建筑、居住建筑、文教建筑及交通建筑。作为当时世界范围内流行的风格，“新艺术”应用于这类大型建筑，成为沙俄藉以夸耀其实力的工具，然而许多商业、服务业建筑却以豪华奇特取胜，以繁琐的装饰创造热情的氛围，南岗秋林公司即是其中的典型作品。

秋林公司是俄商在哈开办的最早的商行之一。秋林公司原名秋林商行，由俄国巨商伊万·雅阔列维奇·秋林创办。早在中东铁路正式通车之前，即１９００年５月秋林即在香坊开办了分公司；１９０２年为扩大经营，由香坊迁至秦家岗（即今南岗区）大直街，１９０４年１０月，秋林公司在南岗大直街修建二层楼房；１９０８年竣工；１９１０、１９１５年先后两次沿建筑两翼扩建；１９２７年，第三次扩建成环绕大直街、奋斗路及阿什河街长达１７３米的大型商场；１９７８年１１月第四次扩建，由二层扩建为四层；１９８４年１１月秋林公司再次进行纵深扩建，在此之后又有二次小规模的扩建，如今秋林公司已成为规模庞大的现代综合商场。

在今天博物馆广场望去东大直街上已高楼林立，但无论这些现代化建筑色彩多么耀目，体量如何庞大，都无法掩盖秋林公司儒雅端庄的丰姿——在一片白色墙面，蓝色、绿色反射玻璃的包围之下，秋林公司深沉的暗绿色调同样宜人且醒目；在一片冷漠的现代建筑围攻中，秋林公司以其优雅的装饰、精美的穹顶造型杰然不同。在今天日益破坏的环境中尚且如此，遥想世纪之初，在一片绿荫之中，秋林公司曾以怎样的骄人之姿傲视世界呢？

建筑的平面布局比较简洁。主入口设在大直街与奋斗路的转角处，两翼部分各有两个次要入口。与主入口相对的是主楼梯，楼梯栏杆是充满“新艺术”曲线的铸铁栏杆，生动而活泼。建筑地上部分为营业厅，地下室一部分用作葡萄酒酿造及储存间，另一部分用作食品储藏库。扩建之后，地下建有二层营业厅。与前面介绍的莫斯科商场格局不同，秋林公司是哈尔滨第一座大型的综合性商场。

建筑立面造型更为精彩，很难说清楚它属于哪一种风格，但有一点可以肯定的是，它是集合多种风格之特点，反映出较强巴洛克特征的折衷主义建筑。站在大直街上观赏秋林公司，你首先会被其舒展的形体、精美的穹顶所吸引。Ｌ形的体量热情地迎候来自不同方向的宾客，二翼相交于多边形的转角，转角顶部冠以隆起于多边形鼓座之上的俄式战盔形穹顶，呈闪耀的银灰色。鼓座高度与女儿墙平齐，刻画丰富的线脚，饰以花环状浮雕装饰花纹；鼓座之上便是隆起的银色穹顶。穹顶以松木做内柜架，外饰面以铅皮压制成各种图案，其中穹顶主体为鱼鳞状铅皮镶嵌而成底部饰以三个一组的花叶状纹饰，精致细腻。穹顶形态优美饱满，顶部以小半球体作为结束，整个穹顶成为建筑的构图中心。

与精美的穹顶造型相比，建筑的墙面处理则比较简洁，带有古典主义“竖三段”的特征。建筑底层环以突出的挑檐；上面三层做贯通的壁柱，呈明显的竖向构图，每二个窄长的矩形窗作为一组，每组之间以略凸的壁柱间隔，壁柱顶端以精致的双托檐石作为结束，立面产生很强的韵律感，和谐而统一。而每组的两个窄长窗之间又以小巧的短壁柱式窗间墙间隔，饰以模仿自然界植物主题的浅浮雕，优雅而生动。建筑的墙面处理正是如此简洁典雅，而其丰富的装饰则是建筑的檐口、托檐石及女儿墙。您正浏览的文章由第一＇范文网www.xiexiebang.com整理，版权归原作者、原出处所有。

建筑檐口部分装饰丰富，类似问号形的曲线托檐石，布满精心雕刻的花叶状浮雕，每两个托檐石作为一组，与贯通２～４层的壁柱结合在一起，其装饰性类似科林斯柱头；在每组托檐石之间同样装饰精美的雕刻，具有强烈的光影效果；精巧的托檐石托起出挑较大的屋檐，整个檐部颇能吸引人的视线，成为表现建筑特征的重要因素。建筑女儿墙处理更为成熟，表现为尺度较小的砖砌墙墩与直线形铁栏杆结合的形式。在建筑两个沿街立面的女儿墙的中段，做重点处理。呈对称形式，中部是三角形山花，额部冠以半圆形，布满花朵状装饰，犹如盛满鲜花的花篮，中央花篮两侧是饰以花朵状雕刻的双柱墩，而二者之间以纤细的花瓶状栏杆相连。丰富而优美的女儿墙成为建筑的又一精彩乐章。

尽管几经扩建，秋林公司依然保持了原有风貌，直至今日，人们仍然可以从商场林立的大直街上一眼将它辨认出来，也许它将永远屹立下去，同时也留给人们一段美好的回忆。

第二篇：黑龙江哈尔滨中央大街英文导游词

LadiesandGentlemen:

TodaywearegoingtovisitZhongyangStreet.Thisisthedowntownarea.Inordertobetterknowthestreet,wearegoingtowalkthroughit,whichtakesabout40minutes.Thosewhodonotlikewalkingmaykeepseated,ourcoachwillgoalonganotherstreetandstopattheFloodControlMonument.ThosewhocannotwalkthatfarmaytakeataxitotheFloodControlMonument.Nowlet6’sgetoffthecoach,andtakeawalkonZhongyangStreet.ZhongyangStreetmeasures1450metersfromJingweiStreetinthesouthtotheFloodControlMonumentontheriverbankinthenorth.ThisisChina’slongestwalkway.Thestreetwasbuiltattheendofthelastcentury.ItwasconnectedtoawharfattheSonghuaRiver.BecauseoftheconstanttransportofthegoodsneededforbuildingtheChinaEasternRailway,ashoppingcenterbegantotakeshapealongthisstreetattheturnofthecentury.Harbinatthattimewasasemi-colonialcitywithaforeignpopulationofmanythousands.politicsandeconomywereactuallycontrolledbyforeignpowers.OwingtotheconcentrationofChineseshopsalongthisstreet,foreignerstookitasaChinatownandcalleditChinaStreet.Haveyounoticedthecobbledroadsurface?ThisistheonlycobbledstreetleftinHarbin.Thiscobbledstreetwaspavedin1925.Thankstothegoodquality,thestreethaskeptingoodshapewithafewrepairsinthepast.Thisstreetbegantotakeshapeasaninternationalstreetinthe1920s.Therewereoverahundredshopsandmanywereownedbyforergners,suchasRussians,Greeks,Czechs,Swedes,Swiss,Frenchmen,GermansandEnglishmen.Theybuilttheirshopsintheirindividualstyles.Therefore,thestreetnotonlylookedlikeaforeignstreet,butalsowascontrolledbyforeigners.Nowthissmoothcobbledstreetmayremindusofthepastwhenforeignersweresittinginchariotsalongthestreet,asifwecouldstillhearthehorse-hoofsclickingoncobbles.Overhalfacenturyispast,ZhongyangStreetisweather-beaten.Withtheimplementationofreformandopening-up,itisreadytowelcomevisitorswithanewoutlook.Thebuildinginfrontofusisveryattractive.ItssomeandarchedwindowsaretypicaloftheByzantineStylepopularinEuropeduringtheMiddleAges.Itwasbuiltin1934anditwasashoeshopownedbyaCzech.Afterliberation,itbecameaspecialtyshop-WomenandChildren’sDepartmentStore.ItisthebiggestspecialtyshopalongZhongyangStreet.Thereareagoodvarietyofcommodities.Nowsomeworldfamousspecialtychainshavealsosetupbranchesdownhere,suchasCrocodile,Bossiniandsoon.YoucanseesomegentlemenalsowanderingintheWomenandChildren’sDepartmentStore.Atsuchagoodshoppingplace,theywillnotwalkoutempty-handed.OppositetheWomenandChildren’sDepartmentStoreistheCentralShoppingCityopenedinNovember1994.OnitsoriginalsitetherewerefivesmallstoresrunbyRussians,whichwerebuiltin1932.Afterliberation,theywereturnedintoonedepartmentstore.In1994,theoldbuildingwastorndown,andthiscomprehensivedepartmentstorewasbuilt.ThearchitectureisacombinationofaEuropeancastlewithmodernarchitecture.IthasbecomeanewscenicspotonZhongyangStreet.Atwegoalongtheroad,weareabletoseetheCentralpharmacy.Itwasabungalowbefore.In1912,GermanSidemen’sopenedashopheretosellelectricalequipmentandmaterials.Afterliberation,itwasreconstructed.Nowyoucanfindnotonlymedicinehere,butalsotheGoldlionshop,asuper-marketandaKentuckyFriedChickenRestaurant.ThisshoppingCenterwasopenedin1995.ItsoriginalsitewasashopmanagedbyaSwede.Itdealtinchina,porcelainandenamelware.Afterliberation,itbecameafood-store.ThebuildingyouseenowwasdesignedbyafamousarchitectinHeilongjiang.Itisamasterpieceofadoptingreliefsculpturesinmodernconstruction.ThisbuildingisanattractivesiteinZhongyangStreet.ThenostinterestingbuildingalongZhongyangStreetistheModernHotel.Itwasconstructedin1913.Itisofanattractiveoutlookandmagnificentlydecorated.IthasatypicalBaroquestyleoftheNeo-artisticperiod.Atfirst,itwasinvestedandmanagedbyaJewishFrenchman.TheoriginofitsChinesenameoncearousedtheinterestofmanypeople.Therewasacolumninnewspaperfordebatingitsorigin.SomehelditsChinesenamecamefromtheword“mother”,somesaiditcamefrom“modern”.However,modernseemedtooverwhelmmotherasyoucanseethehotelnowusedtheModernHotelasitsEnglishname.ModernHotelhasallthefacilitiesofamodernhotelincludingwell-decoratedsuites,diningroomsandmediumandsmall-sizedmeetingroomsinEuropeanpalatialstyles.Thereisalegendaryoilpaintinghangingonawallonthelandingofthefirstfloor.ItwaspaintedafamousRussianpainter.Hewasinspiredby“DivineComedy”composedbyDante.Itshowsaprettygirlsavedbyangelsfromconfinementbyinsectsanddemons;thegirlwhoenduredtorturesinhellwasabouttorisetoheaven.ThispicturewaspaintedredduringtheCulturalRevolution.AftertheCulturalRevolution,theoriginalpaintingwasrestored.Nowweareabletoappreciateitsartisticcharm.Inthepastfewdecades,modernHotelhascateredtomanyfamouspeople,suchaswellknownChinesewritersGuoMoruoandDingLing,andarenownedpainter,XuBerhong.ThosewhohavestayedherealsoincludedistinguishedAmericancelebritiessuchasAnnaLouiseStrong,EdgarSnowYue-SaiKan.Moviestudioshaveshotmovieshere.“HarbinintheDarkNight”,“LondonInspiration”,“TheOrientExpresstoMoscow”haveleftpeoplelastingmemories.OppositetheModernHotel,thereisHuameiRestaurant.ItwasMalseRestaurantservingwesternfood.Afterliberation,itwasrebuiltseveraltimesandtwomorestorieshavebeenadded.However,itsoriginalEuropeanStylehadbeenkept.Itwasreportedin1973thattherewere260WesternrestaurantsinHarbin,withover100concentratedalongZhongyangStreet.HuameiRestaurantwasoneofthebestknown.Nowitservesmanyspecialties,suchasRussiandishes,pottedcattletail,Frencheggandfriedprawns.ItissaidaRussiancelebritywhousedtoserveinthearmyoncevisitedHuamei.Afterdinner,hecouldnothelppraisingfoodservedinHuamei.HedeclaredtheRussiandishesheresurpassedthoseinRussia.HewouldsendchefsfromRussiatoHuameitolearntocookwhenhegotbackhome.NowthatyouknowHuamei,yourknowledgeofZhongyangStreetwillnotbecompleteifyouhavenottriedthefoodhere.Furtherinthefront,wecanseetheEducationBookstore.Itwasconstructedin1909.ItisaBaroqueconstruction,extravagantandnovel,withboldlinesandstrongcontrast.Overtheentrance,therearetwostaturs.TheyareTitansinGreekfairytales.ThemaleisAtlasandthefemaleisGalliached.Itissaidtheyholduptheskywithheadsandshoulders.Educationrelatestothefutureofacountry.MaytheseTitansholdupthebuildingofeducation,andaccompanyustoaprosperoustomorrow.OppositetotheEducationBookstore,thebuildingintheNeo-artisticstyleisQiulinDepartmentStore.Itischaracterizedbysimplestructure,flexiblelayout,freestyle,andcurveddecoration.Qiulinwasconstructedin1903.Inthepastfewdecades,ithastransformedfromacolonialcompany.IthaswitnessedgreatchangesinZhongyangStreet.ManypeoplesayZhongyangStreetisastreetofarchitectureasover70buildingsappearindifferentstyles.SomestateitisasmallparisintheOrient;someassertitisaMoscowintheOrient;somedeclareitisasymphony.Whenyousteponthiscobbledstreet,itisasifyoucouldhearaprelude.Asyougofurtheralongthestreet,youcanseetheWomenandChildren’sDepartmentStore,andtheFloodControlMonumentattheriverside,asiftheirvariedstructuresweredifferentchaptersconstitutingaharmonioustune.ThissymphonyaccompaniesthepeopleinHarbinastheysufferedbeforeliberation,wanderedthroughtheCulturalRevolution,andusheredinthereformandopeningup,andencouragesthemtofaceuptothemagnificent21stcentury.Iwouldliketocallthisstreetaninternationalshoppingmall.Therearestateownedstoresandoutletsofforeignproducts.Therearebanksandpost-offices.Therearehotelsandrestaurants.ThereareJewelers’andphotographers’.peopleareabletostroll,shopandenjoydelicaciesalongthestreet.Atnightover200shopswillberadiatingwithcolorfulneonlights.Thiscentury-oldstreetwillradiateitsvigorandbecomemoreattractive.LadiesandGentlemen,ifwegofurtherforward,weareabletoreachtheFloodControlMonument.NowIwillgiveyousomefreetimeforshoppingandphotography.WewillmeetattheFloodControlMonumentintwentyminutes.

第三篇：黑龙江哈尔滨中央大街景点英文导游词

Ladies and gentlemen:

Today we are going to visit zhongyang street.this is the downtown area.in order to better know the street, we are going to walk through it, which takes about40 minutes.those who do not like walking may keep seated, our coach will go along another street and stop at the flood control monument.those who cannot walk that far may take a taxi to the flood control monument.now let6“s get off the coach, and take a walk on zhongyang street.Zhongyang street measures1450 meters from jingwei street in the south to the flood control monument on the riverbank in the north.this is china”s longest walkway.the street was built at the end of the last century.it was connected to a wharf at the songhua river.because of the constant transport of the goods needed for building the china eastern railway, a shopping center began to take shape along this street at the turn of the century.harbin at that time was a semi-colonial city with a foreign population of many thousands.politics and economy were actually controlled by foreign powers.owing to the concentration of chinese shops along this street, foreigners took it as a china town and called it china street.Have you noticed the cobbled road surface? this is the only cobbled street left in harbin.this cobbled street was paved in1925.thanks to the good quality, the street has kept in good shape with a few repairs in the past.this street began to take shape as an international street in the1920s.there were over a hundred shops and many were owned by forergners, such as russians, greeks, czechs, swedes, swiss, frenchmen, germans and englishmen.they built their shops in their individual styles.therefore, the street not only looked like a foreign street, but also was controlled by foreigners.now this smooth cobbled street may remind us of the past when foreigners were sitting in chariots along the street, as if we could still hear the horse-hoofs clicking on cobbles.Over half a century is past , zhongyang street is weather-beaten.with the implementation of reform and opening-up, it is ready to welcome visitors with a new outlook.The building in front of us is very attractive.its some and arched windows are typical of the byzantine style popular in europe during the middle ages.it was built in1934and it was a shoe shop owned by a czech.after liberation, it became a specialty shop-women and children“s department store.it is the biggest specialty shop along zhongyang street.there are a good variety of commodities.now some world famous specialty chains have also set up branches down here, such as crocodile, bossini and so on.you can see some gentlemen also wandering in the women and children”s department store.at such a good shopping place, they will not walk out empty-handed.Opposite the women and children“s department store is the central shopping city opened in november1994.on its original site there were five small stores run by russians, which were built in1932.after liberation, they were turned into one department store.in1994, the old building was torn down, and this comprehensive department store was built.the architecture is a combination of a european castle with modern architecture.it has become a new scenic spot on zhongyang street.At we go along the road, we are able to see the central pharmacy.it was a bungalow before.in1912, german sidemen”s opened a shop here to sell electrical equipment and materials.after liberation, it was reconstructed.now you can find not only Medicine here, but also the gold lion shop, a super-market and a kentucky fried chicken restaurant.This shopping center was opened in1995.its original site was a shop managed by a swede.it dealt in china, porcelain and enamelware.after liberation, it became a food-store.the building you see now was designed by a famous architect in heilongjiang.it is a masterpiece of adopting relief sculptures in modern construction.this building is an attractive site in zhongyang street.The nost interesting building along zhongyang street is the modern hotel.it was constructed in1913.it is of an attractive outlook and magnificently decorated.it has a typical baroque style of the neo-artistic period.at first, it was invested and managed by a jewish frenchman.the origin of its chinese name once aroused the interest of many people.there was a column in newspaper for debating its origin.some held its chinese name came from the word “mother”, some said it came from “modern”.however, modern seemed to overwhelm mother as you can see the hotel now used the modern hotel as its english name.Modern hotel has all the facilities of a modern hotel including well-decorated suites, dining rooms and medium and small-sized meeting rooms in european palatial styles.there is a legendary oil painting hanging on a wall on the landing of the first floor.it was painted a famous russian painter.he was inspired by “divine comedy”composed by dante.it shows a pretty girl saved by angels from confinement by insects and demons;the girl who endured tortures in hell was about to rise to heaven.this picture was painted red during the cultural revolution.after the cultural revolution, the original painting was restored.now we are able to appreciate its artistic charm.In the past few decades, modern hotel has catered to many famous people, such as well known chinese writers guo moruo and ding ling, and a renowned painter, xu berhong.those who have stayed here also include distinguished american celebrities such as anna louise strong, edgar snow yue-sai kan.movie studios have shot movies here.“harbin in the dark night”, “london inspiration”, “the orient express to moscow”have left people lasting memories.Opposite the modern hotel, there is huamei restaurant.it was malse restaurant serving western food.after liberation, it was rebuilt several times and two more stories have been added.however, its original european style had been kept.it was reported in1973that there were260 western restaurants in harbin, with over100 concentrated along zhongyang street.huamei restaurant was one of the best known.now it serves many specialties, such as russian dishes, potted cattle tail, french egg and fried prawns.it is said a russian celebrity who used to serve in the army once visited huamei.after dinner, he could not help praising delicious food served in huamei.he declared the russian dishes here surpassed those in russia.he would send chefs from russia to huamei to learn to cook when he got back Home.now that you know huamei, your knowledge of zhongyang street will not be complete if you have not tried the food here.Further in the front, we can see the education bookstore.it was constructed in1909.it is a baroque construction, extravagant and novel, with bold lines and strong contrast.over the entrance, there are two staturs.they are titans in greek fairy tales.the male is atlas and the female is galliached.it is said they hold up the sky with heads and shoulders.education relates to the future of a country.may these titans hold up the building of education, and accompany us to a prosperous tomorrow.Opposite to the education bookstore, the building in the neo-artistic style is qiulin department store.it is characterized by simple structure, flexible lay out, free style, and curved decoration.qiulin was constructed in1903.in the past few decades, it has transformed from a colonial company.it has witnessed great changes in zhongyang street.Many people say zhongyang street is a street of architecture as over70 buildings appear in different styles.some state it is a small paris in the orient;some assert it is a moscow in the orient;some declare it is a symphony.when you step on this cobbled street, it is as if you could hear a prelude.as you go further along the street, you can see the women and children"s department store, and the flood control monument at the riverside, as if their varied structures were different chapters constituting a harmonious tune.this symphony accompanies the people in harbin as they suffered before liberation, wandered through the cultural revolution, and ushered in the reform and opening up, and encourages them to face up to the magnificent21st century.

第四篇：中央大街导游词

游客朋友：

欢迎各位到中央大街游览观光。

中央大街，北起松花江防洪纪念塔，南至经纬街，全长1450米，宽21.34米。其中车行方石路宽10.8米。全街建有欧式及仿欧式建筑71栋，其中保护性建筑13栋。

1986年，哈尔滨市人民政府将中央大街确定为保护街路。1996年8月，市政府决定将其改造成步行街，并于1997年6月1日正式开通，是全国较早的步行街之一。步行街全长860米，设有休闲区6个，两侧人行道铺装广场砖近5000平方米，彩色步道板2500平方米，并在大安街至东风街路段铺设500米的轮椅通道。改建后的步行街环境优美，秩序井然。她以其独特的欧式建筑、精致典雅的牌匾广告、欧式古典路灯、花团锦簇的休闲小区以及异彩纷呈的文化生活，成为哈尔滨市一道亮丽的风景线。（街名的来历）

中央大街始建于1896年。1898年6月，中东铁路在哈尔滨破土动工。同年秋季，山东、河北数千名筑路劳工落脚在今天的中央大街一带。他们垒泥为墙，束草为棚。于是这条街就有了她最初最形象的名字—中国大街。在1903年中东铁路全线通车之前，哈尔滨的所需货物基本都是经松花江水路运来的。中国大街的通江口（今防洪纪念塔江段）就是当年的码头。这样中国大街就成了黄金水道的口岸，也成为哈尔滨当时最热闹繁华之地。1925年，中国政府收回了哈尔滨的市政政权，将中国大街改称中央大街。岁月悠悠，世事沉浮。在1968年的“文革”岁月中，中央大街被改称“反修大街”，1976年其名称又恢复为中央大街。这条历经时代风雨的老街，如同历史见证人，目睹着哈尔滨百年沧桑和荣辱兴衰。

1904-1905年间的日俄战争，使哈尔滨成为俄军的后方基地。庞大的军用品需求，客观_I_带动了哈尔滨的初步繁荣，也带动了中国大街的经济和建筑的发展。俄国统治哈尔滨的20年间，不论是建筑风格还是经济格局，中国大街都是受西方影响最深的街路。（中央大街的马路方石）

最初的中国大街有些地段翻浆严重。每逢春夏之交，路面像海绵一般，车辆走在上面忽忽悠悠的。连修这条路的工人们也伤透了脑筋。年年返工，年年翻浆，白白赔进了许多银两。倒是江湖上有那么一个卖弄梅花桩功夫的武林僧人出了一个奇招，将数千根二三米长的圆木桩，一头削尖，一根根一排排地沿路钉进土层中，上面再敷以碎石，铺上黄沙，才解决了翻浆的问题。

1924年5月，由俄国工程师科姆特拉肖克设计、监工，为中国大街铺上了方石块。当时街面的宽度为10沙绳（俄度量单位：I沙绳二2.134米），也就是今天中央大街的宽度为21.34米。方块石路的设计宽度为10.8米，铺路用的方块石为花岗岩，长18厘米，宽10厘米。其形状大小如俄式的小面包，一块一块，精精巧巧，密密实实，光光亮亮。路铺得这样艺术，在中外建筑史_L都是少见的。据说当时一块方石的价格就值1美元。I美元那时够穷人吃1个月的。中国大街足有750米，真可谓金子铺成的路。据有关专家测定，中央大街的方石块还能磨上一二百年。（中央大街的建筑风格）

中央大街的建筑涵括了西方建筑史上最有影响的四大建筑流派。在西方建筑史上几百年才形成的建筑风格样式，在中央大街只用了二三十年的时间就形成了，使中央大街成为远东最著名的街道之一。人们将中央大街同伦敦的摄政王大街、巴黎的香榭丽舍大街、柏林的菩提树大街、东京的银座大街、上海的外滩和天津的维多利亚大街相提并论。

中央大街的建筑有欧式常见的16世纪文艺复兴式、17世纪的巴洛克建筑，18世纪折衷主义建筑、19世纪的新艺术运动建筑。这些建筑体现了西方建筑精华，使中央大街成为一条建筑的艺术长廊，为人们提供了鉴赏西方建筑的实例。可以说中央大街的建筑是人类历史文化的珍贵遗产。（中央大街典型建筑）

前面这所建筑是妇女儿童用品商店。

它建于1917年，原为协和银行，属文艺复兴式建筑，是哈尔滨市二类保护建筑。该建筑采用扁平的窍顶转角部入口，又以虚窗拱檐突出两侧中间人日。一虚一实，一J三法巧妙。二楼窗口采用爱奥尼式浅壁支撑拱型券额，扩大了窗GI的视觉感，在寒冷地区既有利于防寒，又美化了外观。这座建筑当时是捷克人开办的巴甲皮鞋店。解放后这里建成中央大街最大的专营店—妇女儿童用品商店。如今一些名牌专卖店也在这里落脚，如鳄鱼和堡狮龙等。

妇女儿童用品商店对面是1994年11月开业的中央商城。它的旧址是1932年由5家俄国人开办的门市小店。新中国成立后，这排平房被打通，改建成东风百货商店。1994年拆除了旧房，建成了融欧式古城堡建筑和现代派建筑风格为一体的综合性商业大厦。这座宏伟建筑为美丽的中央大街又添一景。

再往前走，我们就会看到中央大街药店。这里以前不过是排小平房。1912年，德闰西门子洋行在这里设立分行，经营电料和电器。新中国成立后，改建成药店。1993年，在这里建成新楼。现在这里不仅经营药品，而且还开了肯德基分店。

1995年开业的中央大街购物中心，是1930年开办的瑞典商会的原址。当时主营陶瓷和搪瓷等器材。解放后改建成副食商店。大家所看到的大楼是由黑龙江省著名建筑家李光耀设计的。它是一座将浮雕与建筑融为一体的欧式建筑杰作，成为中央大街新的景观。

中央大街上最令人注目的建筑要数我们面前这座马迭尔宾馆。

它建于1906年，其造型美观，装饰华丽，属典型的法国文艺复兴时期路易十四世新艺术运动建筑风格，是哈尔滨市一类保护建筑，有东方的“凡尔赛宫”之称。最初它由一名法国籍犹太人投资经营。关于它的名称“马迭尔”一词的原意曾经在哈尔滨引起一场争论。有人认为该名来自英语“MOTHER”一词。他们认为当时犹太人失去了祖国，像失去了母亲的孩子一样，到处颠沛流离，故取“母亲”一词，以表思乡之意。也有人说马迭尔来自英语“MODERN”，表示“摩登”现代之意。也有人询问过在哈尔滨生活过的犹太人，他们说MODERN HOTEL就是当时的名称。你们看马迭尔宾馆现在的英文名称就是采用MOD-ER到一词。

马迭尔宾馆室内设备齐全，装修华丽，还设有欧洲宫廷式中小型会议室。具有传奇色彩的是挂在一楼楼梯缓台间墙上的一幅画。它是俄国宫廷画家“老巴代夫”的作品，取材于文艺复兴时期诗人但丁的《神曲》。该画表现了在天使的帮助下，山神救出了被爬虫和魔鬼囚禁的美丽少女，经过地狱磨难的少女正要升入天堂的场面。文革中，红卫兵用红油漆把该画涂得面目皆非。“十年**”后，人们又把该画复原，恢复了它那纯朴的魅力。

几十年来，马迭尔宾馆曾经接待过许多驰名人物，如：著名作家郭沫若、丁玲，著名画家徐悲鸿。中国人民的好朋友美国名人斯特朗、斯诺，靳羽西也曾下榻于此。影视界也以马迭尔宾馆为景多次拍片，《夜幕下的哈尔滨》、《伦敦启示录》、《开往莫斯科的东方列车》等电影都给观众留下了美好的回忆。

马迭尔宾馆对面的华梅西餐厅原来叫“马尔斯餐厅”。

新中国成立后，虽经多次改造，又加盖了二层楼，但仍旧保持了欧式风格。据统计，1937年哈尔滨有西餐馆260家，仅中央大街两侧就云集了100多家“华梅”也是最受欢迎的西餐馆之一。俄式大菜、纸包小牛肉、软炸鸡脯、罐牛尾、法国蛋、炸板虾都是“华梅”的风味菜肴。据说有位前苏联军政要人曾经光顾过“华梅”。餐后，他赞叹“华梅”佳肴：“青出于蓝而胜于蓝。”回国后，他还派人来“华梅”学做俄式大菜。逛中央大街，只有品尝了“华梅”风味，才能算得上一次完美的旅游。

再往前走，我们就会看到教育书店。它建于1909年，原为松浦洋行，是哈尔滨市最大的巴洛克式建筑，是中央大街的标志性建筑，是哈尔滨市一类保护建筑。它富丽堂皇，新奇变幻，线条自由，对比强烈。它的入口上方镶嵌着一男一女两尊人体雕像。它们是古希腊神话传说中的两个擎天神，男的叫亚特拉斯，女的叫加里亚切德。

与教育书店相对的建筑是道里秋林商店。建于1919年，属新艺术运动建筑，是哈尔滨市一类保护建筑。建筑物主体三层，各层间以腰线分割，自上而下窗口逐渐缩小，显现出稳定感；画龙点睛的一橙三心挟券圆形扁窗为典型的新艺术运动建筑特色。

也有人说中央大街是座欧式建筑博物馆，70多座风格各异的建筑充满了异国情调。因此，人们把哈尔滨称为“东方小巴黎”和“东方莫斯科”。

我说中央大街是一首交响乐。它那平坦独特的石头大道吹响了乐章的前奏曲，妇女儿童用品商店、中央商城、马迭尔宾馆和教育书店构成了跌宕起伏和谐统一的各个乐章，江边的防洪纪念塔以雄壮的英姿把整个交响乐推向高潮。这音乐伴随着改革开放的东风，鼓舞着900多万哈尔滨人民满怀信心地进人光辉灿烂的21世纪。

第五篇：中央大街导游词

中 央 大 街

各位游客，大家好：

我们现在来到了哈尔滨著名的旅游景点——中央大街步行街。到哈尔滨，要逛中央大街步行街就像到北京一定要去王府井大街一样。现在我们就站在这条中央大街上，它北起防洪纪念塔，南至经纬街，全长1450米，宽21.34米，其中车行方石路宽10.8米，全街欧式及仿欧式建筑71栋，其中保护性建筑13栋。

1997年6月1日正式开通步行街，全长860米。

早在1898年，哈尔滨开始大规模修筑铁路和城市建设，运送铁路器材的马车，在泥泞中开出一条土道，这便是中央大街的雏形，名为“中国大街”，意为中国人住的大街。当时：晴天尘土飞扬，雨天泥泞不堪，街两旁的俄人铺子也多了起来，牌匾多用俄文，他们经营杂货、修表等，所以虽称“中国大街"，但两侧多为欧式建筑，商业也多为外国人经营，犹如外国城市一样。

到了1924年，刚收回行政权利的中国地方政府，急于显示自己管辖的能力，决心更进一步整顿这条已声名远扬的大街，特地请著名的俄国工程师科姆特拉肖克设计，花了整整3年时间，铺成了一条方石路，就是大家脚下踩着的这些方石头。现在看起来，似乎再平常不过了，但在当时，运输业极不发达，这些由外兴安岭、张广才岭开凿运来的花岗岩的方石，每块成本约合一枚银元，在当时这一个银元，能买回40斤小米，那是一个成年人一个月的口粮啊。这方石长18厘米，宽12厘米，大街用方石约70多万块，全部耗银可买2800多万斤小米，是多少中国人的血汗啊！寸路寸金，古今中外，有多少如此昂贵的道路呀!故又称“黄金大道”。难怪中央大街被人们称为“金子”铺成的路。据专家测定：中央大街的方石路还能磨上一百年。

其实方石路当年是哈尔滨的象征，1931年旅欧途径哈尔滨的著名诗人朱自清在其日记中写到：”石头路倒是哈尔滨的一大特点，很洁净，尘土少，·······“，所以物以稀为贵，中央大街的方石路自然令人倍受宠爱。

在大家的右手边，就是这条大街上最著名的马迭尔宾馆。当年在哈尔滨的犹太人，主要来自俄国，当时常常能看到一些头戴黑礼帽，身穿黑大衣，鬓角蓬松，蓄着胡须的犹太人。犹太人那时尚无自己的祖国，而是持他国护照，抱着到远东处女地淘金的热情来到哈尔滨，犹太人具有非凡的商业才能，加之人们流浪于世界各地，无论什么样的生活环境都能适应，他们很快的发展起来。到1922年，犹太人移民哈尔滨达到鼎盛时期，约有1万余人。1901年，中东铁路临时通车，俄国籍犹太人约瑟 开斯普来到哈尔滨，他开过修表店、银器店、珠宝店，他以犹太人独有的精明和眼光，预料到日后哈尔滨必将成为远东最大的国际都市，旅店业极有前途，于是，他聘请他的俄国挚友尤金诺夫设计，选购欧美各国上等建材，在1906年建成了远东最豪华的马迭尔宾馆，也是中国第一家涉外宾馆，是新艺术运动式建筑。

马迭尔宾馆作为中央大街最早的建筑，占据了最佳的地理位置，在中国大街中段。这座路易十四风格的三层建筑，典雅豪华，步入内部是浓郁的法国情调，仿佛进入法王路易十四的宫殿，极尽豪华的壁饰、挂毯、铜器及各种规格的镜子，镶嵌金边，不愧为”东方的凡尔赛宫“。

当时，还开设了马迭尔电影院、戏园，每日放映外国电影，演出中外戏剧。那时的马迭尔真可谓是日日弦管闻客醉，夜夜酒色入灯红。门前轿车迎来送往，楼内频传骨牌声声。解放后，马迭尔宾馆以它特有的名望接待过许多军政要员，如末代皇帝溥仪、**宋庆龄、历史学家郭沫若、大画家徐悲鸿·······。

好店须有好名字，约瑟·开斯普对此雄心勃勃，名字来自英文”modern“，表示摩登、时髦的意思。

在马迭尔宾馆的对面，就是华梅西餐厅，已经有80年的历史。1925年时，原名马尔斯餐厅，1931年正式做俄式大菜，成了西餐名店。1937年全市西餐厅260多家，中央大街100多家，它是哈尔滨最正宗的西餐厅。这里每天午夜才闭店，有汉、俄、日、犹太服务员40多人，均衣着讲究，夏天白衫一天两换，保持洁白。

1957年改名为华梅西餐厅。正宗俄式大菜享誉海外，它突出欧洲园林式酒吧风格，服务员一律黑西服、红领带，敬菜、摆台有理有序，上菜高拿轻放。它经营的俄式大菜，也是随着中东铁路来到哈尔滨的。当时的特色是纸包小牛肉、纸包大虾、闷罐牛尾。几十年来，它综合了已经消失的西餐厅的特色，增加了基辅烤鸭、莫斯科烤乳猪、高加索羊肉串、海参崴的奶汁桂鱼、苏波汤、大马哈鱼和俄式面包”沙艾克“。

再往前，就是哈尔滨市最大的一处巴洛克建筑——教育书店，原名松浦洋行，入口处有两尊人体塑像，他们是古希腊神话中两个擎天神，男的亚特拉斯，女的加利亚切德。

在教育书店的对面，就是哈尔滨著名的啤酒广场，每到夏季，这里就会搭起凉亭，摆上藤椅，是哈尔滨市民夏季消暑、喝啤酒的好地方。广场上还有一个1999年从大连运来的铜制的马车雕塑，名为”老街神韵“，这幅雕塑就是当年中央大街的真实写照。

当时这条石头路都是高档马车，纯种大洋马，马蹄奏着清脆的声响，穿行在绿茵石头路上，满大街上飘着香水味，满眼见到的都是金发碧眼的外国人，是不是有一种异国他乡的感觉呢!中央大街，楼高与道路的宽1:1，沿街建筑多为二层楼建筑，没有太高大的，也没有太矮小的，地面和屋顶呈53度视角，令人很舒服，稍抬头就能看清建筑细部结构。

近年来，各商家纷纷重新装饰门面，贴金镶银，张灯结彩，把中央大街打扮的更加！富丽堂皇，成为哈尔滨最著名的最富有特色的商业一条街。今天，走在中央大街，便会发现临街两侧风格各异而又统一和谐的建筑，与方形石铺成的大街相映成趣、相得益彰，组成了中外城建史上独特的长街。而这些建筑，各式各样，既无中国古典建筑的飞檐斗拱，红墙绿瓦，也没有古园林的曲径通幽，九曲流觞。但漫步长街，每迈一步，都有一番风景。

现在就请大家漫步在这条充满异国情调的中央大街上，来细细体会这别样的情怀吧！