如何设计教学活动提高学生口语能力

第一篇：如何设计教学活动提高学生口语能力

如何设计教学活动提高学生口语能力:Improving Students’ Speaking Ability Through

Good Work Organization 论文作者：留学生论文论文属性：thesis登出时间：2010-12-24编辑：anterran点击率：1654 论文字数：5178论文编号：org***590语种：English地区：China价格：免费论文

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关键词：Speaking abilityteaching activitiesanalysis method.Project title: Improving Students’ Speaking ability Through Good Work Organization Investigator

Infulfilment of the course Practical Project Design.Prepare for China Central Radio &Television University Anhui Radio and Television University Practical Project Design

Title: Improving Students’ Speaking Ability Through Good Work Organization

Name: Ma-Xiang Number: 011090227 School: AnQing Radio and Tv University Major: Education Tutor: Xuan-Sheng-Li Date: Mar.25, 2005 Student’s Tel :(0556)5374050

Acknowledgement

I am mostly grateful to my tutor Mrs.Xuan Shen Li, without whose support and patience this project would not have been finish.I am also grateful to my classmates Huang Xiaohong, Li Shuyuan and my colleagues for their time spent on panel discussions with me.No amount of thanks will be adequate for my students without whose will participation in the project implementation it would have remained on paper.Last but not least, big thanks go to my family who has shared with me my worries and uneasiness during my work time.Without them, I couldn’t have made it.Abstract The present study presents a detailed report of a project implemented to solve the problems that improve students’ speaking ability through good work organization.It is hypothesized that students’ speaking ability can be improved by creating more opportunities for them to speak.This hypothesis is verified by a four-week practice of well-organized activities.Among the methods of this project I have used analytic method, cause analysis, questionnaire and brainstorming.摘

要

这篇论文是关于如何精心设计教学活动来提高学生口语能力的项目实施的详细报告。假设学生的英语口语能力是能通过精心组织课堂口语活动来创造更多的对话机会而提高的。该假设通过了四个星期精心设计的活动来验证。在这篇论文里，我运用了分析法，因果法，问卷法和集体探讨法。Key Words: Speaking ability, teaching activities, analysis method.关键词：

口语能力，教学活动，分析方法。Main headings of the Project Report I.Introduction Ⅱ.Summary of the preliminary research Ⅲ.Project objective Ⅳ.Project Hypothesis Ⅴ.Project rationale Ⅵ.Project implementation Ⅶ.Data Analysis Ⅷ.Project evaluation Ⅸ.Conclusion

Appendix: A

The timetable of the project B The second questionnaire C Teaching diaries D Notes of attending a lesson E Teac hing notes F Oral test paper J Recording tap Ⅰ.Introduction

I have been teaching in a junior middle school.In my teaching I have come cross some problems, which have been troubled me for some time.I’ll have finished my study in Anqing TV University.I hope I can solve the problem through the action research so that I can apply my knowledge and theory into practice.I think if I design the activities well, I could improve the students Speaking ability.Ⅱ.Summary of the Preliminary Research 1.Problem The problem I have in my teaching is that most of my students are weak in speaking English.Every time when I have an oral class and ask them to do a speaking activity, some of them don’t seem interested in it.There are also some students are afraid of speaking in front of the whole class.Only a few students can answer in English when I raise questions during the speaking activities.It is common that students can get high marks in an exam cannot speak a complete and correct English sentence.2.Problem analysis This problem has been troubling me for quite a long time in my teaching, I tried every means to solve this problem.Eventually I worked out 3 main reasons that influence the students’ speaking ability.(1)The students are busy with their heavy lesson and ignored the importance of oral communication.(2)The students pay little attention to the training of speaking skill.(3)In the classroom learning, students lack training in speaking.1)Analytic method.Through careful analysis, my problem makes me think of this: Why a few students have good speaking English, while most of them haven’t? If my colleagues teach the same class, is it the same case? If it not the case, then it seems that the problem is actually caused by myself, not by my students.Probably the oral practice I asked my students to do was poorly designed.2)Cause Analysis I analyzed with a list of factors that may contribute to the causes.From my side: 1.The speaking tasks are poorly designed 2.I talk most of the time and leave very limited time for my students.3.I ignored the importance of oral communication.I placed more emphasis on doing written exercises in or outside the English textbook.4.Some of the tasks are not appropriate for a large class.From the student’s side 1.Some students paid little attention to the training of speak.There is no relevant part about oral English in an exam.They would do more written exercises rather than practise speaks.2.Students have little opportunity to practise their speaking in my English teaching.3.Some students don’t like speaking English.The classroom The room is too small for a large class..3)Questionnaire When I did my cause analysis, I tried to dig out all possible causes.But I think it’s just my own view.It’s does not mean that students also think in the same way.To find out what students think of the problem, I designed a questionnaire just like this : Questionnaire on oral English work Dear student: I’ll thank you for sparing 10 or 15 minutes in your busy study to answer this questionnaire.your opinion or suggestion will be helpful for my teaching of oral English and my better performance in turn help you to improve your speaking.Please tick the box next to the answer that expresses you opinion.1, Do you like oral English? □a.a.very much □ b.a litter □c..so so

□d.dislike 2, Do you want practise you oral English in class? □a.yes □ b.no

□c.don’t know 3, do you have opportunity to practise you oral English in my teaching? □a.No

□b.little □c.not much

□d.often 4, What do you think about the designed activities of oral English by me before? □a.lively □b.stiff □c.ordinary 5, Which designed activity do you like? □a.pair

□b.group.□c.retelling

□d.being plenary □e.the other 6, Can the well-designed activities increase your interest in oral English class”? □1.yes □2.no

□ 3.I don’t know 7, Do you think the well-designed activities can improve your oral English to practise in class? □1.yes □2.no

□ 3.I don’t know

I gave my questionnaires to my students and all of them, sixty students, returned their questionnaires.When all these date come in, I made some statistical evaluation.The results showed that over 70% of the students expressed that they liked oral English and wanted to exercise their oral English in class and that over 85% of them thought they have little opportunity to exercise their oral English in class and they thought my teaching was stiff lack of interest.Therefore I think the problem was caused by my self.I should change my pattern of teaching and getting my students more actively and interestingly involved in oral practice.4)Brainstorming activation When I was engaged in the problem analysis, I often talked to my colleagues about all the problem I met.Quite often they gave me a lot of advice so that I pondered the problem more deeply and carefully.Also I discussed with my students, collected them response and feedback.With the help of them, I realized that there were some problems in my teaching.After a lengthy problem analysis, I began to launch a project to solve the problem.Ⅲ.Project Objective

To improve students’ Speaking ability to a large class by good work organization.Ⅳ.Project Hypothesis.It is hypothesis that students’ speaking ability can be improved by creating more opportunities for them to speak.Ⅴ.Project Rationale: 1.The importance of oral English--Since China entered the WTO people are closely connected with foreigners.Oral communication in English is such a natural part of life.But many of us speak “dumb-English”.The professor Li Qiang who is the expert in researching Americanism said: The dumb-English is no use.I have studied the course of English language Teaching Methodology(1 and 2)and it made me realize the importance of speaking English.Because some of my students thought oral English was not important and not worthy of time-wasting.I thought I could change their mind by their progress in class.2.The role of the teacher-As a teacher.I should know the diverse roles I play, such as a controller, assessor, organizer, participant, and shouldn’t consider myself as the controller all the time when teaching, Besides, I should demonstrate those different roles so that students realize when I take a major instructional role in class and when I take only a minor helping role.In students’ speaking activities, I’d like to play a participant role more than others.During most of the class time, I’d like my students to be accustomed to being responsible for their own leaning.3.Grouping them.Deal with a large class, well-designed pair and group work tasks can be tried out to increase the participation of all the members.And I know the members in each group couldn’t be too many or too few.There are 48 students in my class, I decided to make eight groups.Ⅵ.Project Implementation Based on the rationale, I used four units of the existing junior English text book as the communicative material.New tasks were designed with the aim of providing students with a chance to be creative and express themselves freely.Since it is a large class, I must attention to the following factors while designing the tasks: a)give clear instructions, b)persuade the class to use English, c)control the noise, d)monitor the students’ practice, and e)use various task types to a rouse the students’ interest.Following are the details of the implementation.Week 1, Activity 1, Welcome Back!This activity is based as in Junior English for China, Book 2A, Unit 1, Lesson 2 “Welcome back!”

Purpose: To revise words and practice the pronunciation of the word correctly Instructions: I taught the text and then I organized a game of WORD CHAIN in class.Procedure: After I taught the text, I asked my students to play a game of the “word chain”.They were so excited.I told them the rule of the game and asked them to work in turn of the seat number so that everyone could take part in it.They played the game in pair.I monitored the game and offered help if necessary.For students: Every one must take part in the game and according to the rule of the game: Step 1: The first student gives a word, for example: “bag”

Step 2: The second student must tell a new word whose the beginning letter is the end of the first word, such as “go”

Step 3: The third student works according to the method of the step 3, giving “on” out.The next one continues till the last one, each word can not be repeated.Week 2, Activity 2: What Are We Going To Do? This activity is based at in Junior English for China, Book 2A, unit 2, lesson 5 “What are we going to do?”

Purpose: To practice “using” the sentence of “be going to”

Instructions: I taught some new words, then I explained usages of “be going to” and gave them some more examples.I asked them to make sentences by using the words which I gave on the blackboard to practise the grammar of “be going to” in group.At last they acted out their dialogues in front of the class.Procedure: Before I taught the text to my students, I explained the grammar of “be going to” and gave them some examples to understand well.Then I began my lesson.After that, I asked some of them to make sentences by using “be going to” and wrote on the blackboard and all of us checked it and corrected errors.Then, I provided some new materials which wrote on the blackboard, and then get students to work in pairs by them.The students should exchange roles one time.At last, I asked the volunteers to give their performance in front of the class, the title was “what are you going to be when you growing up?” After the play over, I ordered the students to correct them which were not proper by their judge.For students: The students worked in pairs.They had a list of “what they do”, one asked the partner question with “be going to”.The other one answered the question.Then they chang

Week 3, Activity2: Find The Right Place!This activity is based as in Junior English for China, Book 2A, Unit 6, Lesson 21 “Find the right place!”

Purpose: To practise asking for and giving directions Instructions: At first I taught the text.I explained the function of asking for and giving directions.Then I gave them opportunities to practise expression with each other.At last I showed my students some cards I have made and ask them to work in pairs.Procedure: Before I taught the text, I asked them to tell me some buildings near our school in Chinese if necessary.They were so excited to tell me some building name.Then I began my lesson.After that, I divided my students into pairs and gave out separate worksheet to student A and student B.Each had a map of the city on the book, but they have different places labeled.They had to ask their partner for directions for getting to the different distinctions and label their maps.I monitored the activity and offered help if necessary.For the students: They worked in pairs.They both had maps of the city, some places was labeled and some are not.The partner had the same map which showed different places.They must ask each other for a list of places they wanted to go to, and then labeled them on the map.They could not show their map to their partner.When they had both finished they could compare their maps to make sure they had labeled the places correctly.Week 4: Activity2: The Memory Robot This activity is based as in Junior English for China, Book 2A, Unit 9, Lesson 33 “The memory robot”

Purpose: To practise the grammar of the Simple Past Tense and the method of retelling a text.Instructions: At first I taught the text, and then I got the students to retell the text in groups.After that I asked three groups to give their performance in front of the class.Procedure: I revised the text simply.then I taught them how to retell the text.I led them to find out the main words and the using TENSE of the dialogue.they could express it in their own way and use the new words and new patterns only if they could tell the main idea correctly.I gave them some minutes to prepare for retelling in groups.Then I asked three groups to give their performance in front of the class.For students: They must read the text himself, understanding the tense and the main idea of the text.After that, they could try to tell the text to their partner.Then I would ask someone of each group to retell it to the class.Ⅶ.Data Analysis It took me four weeks to research on the project.Now I want to know if the hypothesis has been proved or not.That is to say I want to assess the effectiveness of the above-designed activities.Data were gathered mainly from three sources: two of questionnaires, two tests oral tests and classroom observations I took in my diary.1.Data from the questionnaires After four weeks’ action research, the first questionnaire was designed for examining the result of these activities.The second questionnaire was nearly the same to the first one in the preliminary research so that comparisons can be made to see the improvement.In both questionnaires, the students were asked to answer questions concerning their interaction in oral English class.Comparing the results of the questionnaires, I found that students’ opportunity to practise their oral English in class has b

een significantly improved after the implementation and the increasing amount is nearing 65%.It is found 25% of students had no opportunity to practise their oral English in class before the implementation of the research.And after it, no one’ questionnaire shows “No”.The amount of the students who “often” practise their oral English rise to 90% while the percentage was only 15% before the implementation.From Graph 1, it proves that my implementation of the project is effectives.Yet there are still 5% of the students choosing “little” though the number is smaller than it in Questionnaire 1.So I need to do more analysis for the fact and try to solve the problem.Graph 1.Comparison of the opportunity to practise oral English in class.2.Data from the tests I issued two tests to check if the well-designed activity are helpful for the students’ enhancing of speaking abilities, one at the beginning of the project, the other at the finish of the project, with the same format.Comparing with results of two tests, I found students’ oral English has been greatly improved during the action research.It is found that 40 students’ marks are not satisfied before the implementation.After it, the number of students who did oral practice well has distinctly increased from 25 to 45.But I also found that 15 students don’t perform excellently in their practice.This may be caused by students and me.Some of them may be poor in English and while the activities I designed for students didn’t consider the different levels of them.I must try my best to do my work..Graph 2.Comparison of whether students do speak practice well.3.Classroom observations I took in my diary.I found my students became more active than before and they had more opportunities to practise speaking English through my well-designed activities.They made progress and their speaking English has been improved.From the above analysis I think students’ Speaking ability can be improved by my well-designed activities.Ⅷ.Project evaluation.Following the stage 4, I evaluated the project by asking and answering relevant questions on every aspect of my project 1.the problem Is the problem a researchable one? Yes, as I am an English teacher, if I was given the resources, the time plus my expertise, I can launch a project to solve the problem my students having poor speaking English.2.the methods used in problem analysis Are the methods used to analyze the problem acceptable, suitable to it and properly applied? Yes, I used the Analytic method, Cause analysis, Questionnaire and Brainstorming.There are all acceptable methods suitable to my problem.I also used them properly.3.the project objective Is the project objective realistic? Yes, since it is researchable, it is realistic, it can be achieved.4.the project hypothesis Is the project hypothesis provable? Yes, my hypothesis-students’ speaking ability can be improved by good organization is provable.I have found that my students’ oral English have been improved by creating more opportunities for them to speak.5.the project rationale Does the project have a sound basis? Yes, my project was based on the four theoretical assumptions which are valid and sound.6.the crucial questions to be asked in clued: Has the investigator defined his or her project objective? Has the invess? Has the investigator stated his or her project rationale? Has the investigator worked out the details for project implementation? Has the investigator planned the stages and the timetable for the project implementation? I have fulfilled all these requirements.7.the stages and details of the implementation The stages are necessary and complete.The implementation details are properly maintained.8.the methods used in project implementation In what way has the project been implemented? In my case, I first set up control and target groups and used the classroom teaching.9.the methods used to obtain the results I used observations, interview, teaching notes and questionnaires to obtain the project results.They are all acceptable, suitable to the task and properly used.10.the results obtained from the project implementation My hypothesis has been proved to be correct.I have found that student’s improve them Speaking ability after I use the well designed exercises.Ⅸ.Conclusion This paper is based on the project that I conducted from Mar.2005 to May, 2005, which aimed to improve my students’ speaking ability.During this hard-working period, I consistently adjusted my teaching methods, analyzed the problem, adopted different kinds of activities to carry out the teaching plan.The results are very satisfactory.After four-week project implementation I found my students’ speaking English had been improved by my designed activities.After having experienced the research action, I’ve learned that doing more oral practice can enhance learners’ oral English accordingly.Meantime I also find my shortages in my teaching.I lack of enough patience.My oral tasks are ineffective.I give few feedbacks and check on my students’ homework.But, due to this teaching experience, I also strengthen my self-confidence of overcoming any teaching problem.In the future I will find out and solve this kind of problems as early as possible.References: 1.Gu Yueguo, 2003, Practical Project Design, Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press 2.Gu Yueguo, 2002, English Language Teaching Methodology, Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.3.Junior English for China-Students’ Book 2A, People Education Press.4.Junior English for China-Teachers’ Book 2A, People Education Press.Appendix A: The timetable of the project stage Week Calendar dates tasks I 1 Mar.1-7 Identify a problem II 2-3 Mar.8-20 Analyze the problem using scientific methods of investigation 1.analyzing the teaching situation 2.analyzing the teaching objectives /teacher’s roles/task/types/students’roles etc.3.analyzing the possible causes of the identified problem III 4 Mar.21-Apr.3 Design a problem-solving project 1.formulating the project objective and hypothesis 2.making a lesson plan 3.preparing materials and resources needed 4.proposing data collection method: questionnaire/survey/interview IV 5-9 Apr.4-May.3 Implement the project 1.report of the classroom implementation of the lesson plan 2.report of the data collection V 10 May.4-May.11 Evaluate the project against a checklist 1.critical comment on your own teaching by checking your subjective comments against the tigator defined his or her project hypothesi collected data 2.suggestions for future teaching VI 11-13 May.12-26 Write the project report

Appendix B: The Second Questionnaire Please tick the box next to the answer that expresses you opinion.1.Do you like oral English? □a.a.very much □ b.a litter □c..so so

□d.dislike 2.Do you want practise you oral English in class? □a.yes □ b.no

□c.don’t know 3.In the four-week project implementation, do you have opportunity to practise you oral English in my teaching? □a.no

□b.little □c.not much

□d.often 4.Do you like to work in pair or group in class? □a.yes

□2.no

□ 3.I don’t know 5.Are you volunteer to answer my questions in class? □a.no

□b.little □c.not much

□d.often 6.What do you think about the designed activities of oral English by me now? □a.lively □b.stiff □c.ordinary 7.Do you think your Speaking ability had improved? □a.quite more

□b.some □c.a little

□d.nAppendix C: Teaching diaries Week 1 Date: 20.Apr.2005

I thought this lesson would be the beginning of my new design of teaching because I found that my students show more interests in speaking English in class than before.Students were so excited when I told them we would play a game after I taught the text.But when I told them the rule of the game--“word chain”, some students said it was difficult to them.I told them I would offer help if necessary, then they were not nervous at once.The game was performed smoothly.It seams that most of them enjoy the time though I only offered a little help to them.Every one could take part in the activity.Week 2 Date: 27.Apr.2005 I found that most of students parctise their oral English positively in my designed activities.Because of working in pairs, everyone had the opportunity to express their mind.The classroom atmosphere was quite lively.I was surprised to find that Wang Jie seating in the corner and always keeping silent also practiced the task with his partner actively.Week 3 Date: 9.May.2005 Today the classroom atmosphere was more lively.Especially when I ask them to discuss and work in pair, all of them were glad to finish what I had asked them to do.As a controller, I walked around the class to give them immediate help when needed.Wang Jie made progress with his oral English and today he, as a volunteer, came to the blackboard to act out his dialogue actively.Week 4 Date: 16.May.2005 I was surprised to see the students’ oral English improved.Most of them could retell a complete story by using the main words and the tense.I ’m glad that I can easily teach a large class and each one has opportunities to practise oral English in class.After the class, Wang Jie told me that he began to like oral English class because he was a participant and not a looker just like before.学校

班级

科目

授课

老师

课型

时间

教学目的 教学过程 点评与建议

Appendix E: Teaching notes Week 1 Date: 4.5

class: 3 ◇Today’s objectives: To revise words and practise the pronunciation of the word correctly ◇Teaching methods: Be whole;order of doing things ◇Opening Recapturing the key points of the last lesson Briefing today’s objectives ◇Procedure:

After I taught the text, I asked my students to play a game of the “word chain”.They were so excited.I told them the rule of the game.Students worked in turn of the seat number and everyone took part in it.They played the game.I monitored the game and offered help if necessary.◇Closing: Summarizing the lesson Home work Week 2 Date:4.12

class: 3 ◇Today’s objectives: To practice “using” the sentence of “be going to” ◇Teaching methods: Pole—play;pair work ◇Opening Recapturing the key points of the last lesson Briefing today’s objectives ◇Procedure: Before I taught the text to my students, I explained the grammar of “be going to” and gave them some examples to understand well.Then I began my lesson.After that, I ask some of them to make sentences by using “be going to” and wrote them on the blackboard and all of us checked it and corrected errors.Then, I provided some new materials which wrote on the blackboard, and then get students to work in pairs by them.The students should exchange roles one time.At last, I asked the volunteers to give their performance in front of the class, the title is “ what are you going to be when you growing up?”.After the play over, I ordered the students to correct them which were not proper by their judge.◇Closing: Summarizing the lesson Home work Week 3: Date: 4.19

class: 3 ◇Today’s objectives: To pratise asking for and giving directions ◇Teaching methods: Pole—play;pair work ◇Opening Recapturing the key points of the last lesson Briefing today’s objectives ◇Procedure: Before I taught the text, I asked them to tell me some buildings near our school in Chinese if necessary.They were so excited to tell me some building name.Then I began my lesson.After that, I divided my students into pairs and gave out separate worksheet to student A and student B.Each had a map of the city on the book.But they have different places labeled.They had to ask their partner for directions for getting to the different distinctions and label their maps.I monitored the activity and offered help if necessary.◇Closing: Summarizing the lesson Home work Week 4: Date:4.28

class: 3 ◇Today’s objectives: To practise the grammar of the Simple Past Tense and the method of retelling a text ◇Teaching methods: Pole—play;group ◇Opening Recapturing the key points of the last lesson Briefing today’s objectives ◇Procedure: I revised the text simply.then I taught them how to retell the text.I led them to find out the main words and the using TENSE of the dialogue.they could express it in their own way and use the new words and new patterns only if they could tell the main idea correctly.I gave them some minutes to prepare for retelling in groups.Then I asked three groups to give their performance in front of the class.◇Closing: Summarizing the lesson Home work Appendix F: The oral test paper A

Make a dialogue You(A and B)have 10 minutes to prepare for the dialogue.Read the instructions carefully: Topics for dialogue: What you two are going to do next week? Your dialogue must be showed with the topic.A starts the conversation by asking B the first question and B answers it.then B gives the question and A answers it.Your dialogue will take about 2-3minutes.B Free talk You(A and B)have 10 minutes to prepare for the task Read the instructions carefully

第二篇：如何提提高学生汉语口语能力

中央广播电视大学开放教育

新疆广播电视大学毕业论文

如何提高少数民族学生的汉语口语能力

作者： 木汗别克 学校： 昭苏电大 专业： 汉语言本科 年级： 09春汉语言 学号：965001206144 指导教师：迪丽努尔.吾买尔

二0一 一 年 六 月

234567-

第三篇：浅谈如何提高学生的口语交际能力

浅谈如何提高学生的口语交际能力

安仁中心校 陈凤英

时下，“课改”两个字众所周知，但是我个人认为，对有的老师来说还只是空泛之谈，根本没有课改的意识，只是应试教育，满堂灌，教师讲得多，学生讲得少，更不用说提高学生的口语交际水平了。新大纲将“听话”与“说话”合称为“口语交际”这不仅是提法的改变，更是一种发展和提高，其重点在于交际。《语文课程标准》明确指出：“使学生具有口语交际的基本能力，在各种交际活动中，学会倾听，表达与交流，初步学会文明地进行人际沟通和社会交往发展合作精神。”这一精辟的阐述，是我们当前进行课改的行动准则。从教十年，我认为在语文教学中重视对学生口语交际能力的培养，是学生语文素养形式与发展之必需。对学生口语交际能力的培养应从一年级开始。那么，怎样从小学生实际出发，有效地进行口语交际训练呢？苏霍姆林斯基说过：儿童是用 形象、色彩、声音来思维的。口语交际教学要选择直观、形象的内容，生动活泼的教法，使学生饶有兴趣地、主动地投入到口语交际训练中去，积极地观察、思考、想象，这样他们的语言才会如涓涓细流，流出心田。

一、内容入手，开拓思路

加强与学生生活实践的联系，生活是作文的源泉，也是提高学生口语交际的源泉。首先要选择好话题，并创设交际情境，使学生喜欢听，听后有话可说，乐意说，激发兴趣和愿望。对训练内容的选择一般要做到如下三点：

1、趣味性，富有情趣。兴趣是学习的先导，又是最好的老师。俄国教育家乌申斯基曾说：“没有任何兴趣，被迫地学习，会扼杀学生掌握知识的意向。”教师应紧密联系生活实际，拓展时空，再现生活一时、一事、一物„„让孩子们触发灵感，激发兴趣。我在上《打电话》口语交际一课时，设置了这样几个情节：① 放学时，要下大雨了，我回不了家„„ ② 放学了，老师找我到办公室商讨班干部成员名单„„ ③ 爷爷病了，一大早我们都赶到爷爷家，而我还没来及请假„„ ④下午排练节目去了，我不知道今天的作业是什么„„

遇到这些情况该怎么办呢？我让学生扮演角色“打电话。”在这个基础上，再稍作引导：如果对方不在家呢？给家长和老师打电话与同学打电话有什么不同？这样借肋生活，引发话题，循序渐进，点拨引导，不仅培养了学生口语交际的文明行为和习惯，而且提高了实际交际能力。

2、现实性。力求反映小学生日常生活和学习的具体事实，既切合他们的生活实际，又能产生一种亲切感。如教学口语交际《客人来访，如何做主人》时，可创设“家”的环境：让学生从家中带来生活用品，如窗帘、桌布、小椅子等，并与孩子们一起动手搬搬摆摆，贴贴画画，把课堂布置成一个温馨可爱的“家”。这样，把口语交际的环境迁移到学生们熟悉的生活中去，使课堂与生活一下子变成“零距离”，学生的约束心理也完全消失了，唤醒了日常的生活积累，平时与家长探亲访友的感性体验被眼前的情境激活，从而激发起交流的兴趣和愿望。

3、教育性。结合进行思想品德和其他知识的教育，让他们得到教益和启迪，增长知识，开拓眼界，受到潜移默化的教育，陶冶情操，如我在上口语交际《妈妈笑了》时，先让学生听懂“妈妈笑了”这句话，并能指出“这句话主要说谁，谁怎么样，”再要求学生在这句话的前面补上原因，说明“妈妈为什么笑了。”有的学生说：“我认真完成作业，妈妈笑了。”有的学生说：“我考了100分，老师表扬了我，并打电话与妈妈讲，妈妈高兴地笑了。”我不以此为满足，继续启发引导：“除了学校的事外，还有什么事也会使妈妈笑了？”学生打开了思路，说得更热烈。许多学生继续说：“我会洗碗，妈妈笑了，”“爸爸当上劳模，妈妈笑了。”„„学生对自己熟悉的话题感兴趣，都争着向大家说自己的妈妈为什么笑了。

二、讲究方法，严格训练

首先，要加强自我监听的训练。人在说话时，言语运动分析器和言语听觉分析器都参与活动。说话者的语言需要被他自己听到，以便让听觉在言语活动中执行监督作用。如鼓励学生自己评议，在说话、朗读之后，不要急于提意见，先让学生自我评析，想一想刚才自己说得怎样，允许修正、补充甚至重说、重读。又如，加强练习后的讲评环节，指出学生本人没有觉察到的问题，帮助学生提高自我校正的能力。

其次，教给方法，为学生指引路径。口头语言是交际的工具，要引导学生在交际活动中去掌握，教师的“讲”无法代替学生的练，学习书面语言是这样，学习口头语言更是这样。因此，创设情境，引导学生多练是口语交际教学最基本的方法。如我在上《请到我家来》口语交际时，利用自己画好的一幅具有浓厚乡村气息的家园图展示给同学们看，并配以儿童歌曲《我的家》：“看那边绿水青山风景美如画，弯弯流水，几支野花，围着竹篱笆„„”稚气的童声感动了孩子们的心灵，激活了孩子们的思维，在轻快悠扬的音乐声中，孩子们活蹦乱跳地找到了自己的好友，兴致勃勃地打开了话题„„

三、分项训练，循序渐进

首先，掌握《九年义务教育全日制小学语文教学大纲》所规定的各项训练要求之间的内在联系，有步骤地训练小学生口语交际的技能。

其次，把握每一项训练的具体要求，抓住重点，一练一得，强化训练的效果，落实训练的要求，口语交际的方式灵活多样，但是，同一类型的题目既有相同点，又有不同点，反映了不同的训练要求。如小学语文第一册《语文园地五》和《语文园地六》的“看图说话”都编排了三幅图，都描绘他们的活动，初步训练学生能说几句意思完整连贯的话，但是，它们的具体训练要求却各有侧重。《语文园地五》是说：这三幅图讲了一件什么事？互相说说小明同学该怎么办？引导学生按照从画面背景到画面人物心理的顺序进行观察，侧重训练学生初步能讲一段完整连贯的话。而《语文园地六》是说说小白兔可以用哪些办法把南瓜运回家？然后让学生讨论：哪种运南瓜的办法好？为什么？要求学生通过想象把第二幅图画好来，侧重训练学生初步懂得分析比较画面，能用完整连贯的语言表述内容。

四、相互配合，整体把握

首先，口语交际训练的配合方式，主要有以下三种：① 先听后说，如转述。② 先说后听，如看图说话。③边说边听，如对话练习、讨论、辩论和平时交谈等。

其次，口语交际和读写的配合方式主要有以下两种：

① 先口头语言后书面语言。② 先书面语言后口头语言，如演讲。演讲是口语表达的高级形式，它不光要运用有声语言，还必须运用态势语言来帮助表述，难度较大。训练时，可先让学生观看优秀演讲的电视录象，给学生提供范例，结合镜头的画面，讲一些简单易懂的演讲特点和要求，再让学生模仿演讲。我在上一次题为《假如我会飞》的演讲训练中，学生在观看一段演讲录象后，教师再进行点拨指导。即兴演讲时，小朋友个个手舞足蹈，内容生动，语言也优美动听。他们有的说：“假如我会飞，我要飞过崇山峻岭，飞过一望无际的田野，飞到美丽的北京，看看雄伟壮观的天安门。”

总之，口语交际是一种综合素质，它是知情意行的统一体，对学生口语交际能力的培养，是我们当前进行课改的一项重要内容。因此，在教学中，应通过各种渠道，采取不同方式，遵循《语文课程标准》的要求，全面对学生口语交际能力进行培养。

陈凤英 将乐县安仁中心校

联系电话：*** 九月

第四篇：如何提高学生的口语交际能力

如何提高学生的口语交际能力

对于农村学生来说，他们往往认识不到口语交际对一个人生活的重大影响。因此，要提高他们的口语交际能力，首先要让他们认识的练好口语的重要和必要。

学生们都学习过《将相和》这篇课文，也学习过晏子的故事，再结合历史上的著名演讲家的事迹，让学生谈谈自己的感受，讨论口语在现实生活中的一些极端的例子，让学生切实感受：恶语一句三春寒，良言一句三冬暖。

其次，结合学生学习生活实际，给他们提供课前5分钟的自由演说：可以是一则小笑话，可以是自家宠物的趣事，也可以是听来的新闻，还可以展示自己的心爱之物，说出你的喜欢……表达要求可因人而异，只要大家能开口说，就算合格。

再次，阅读相关的书籍，从理论上充实自己，并指导自己的实践。最后，就是一定要持之以恒的锻炼，抓住一切机会展示自己。

第五篇：如何提高提高学生的口语交际能力

如何提高提高学生的口语交际能力

语文教学的培养目标，无外乎两种能力，即阅读能力和写作能力。阅读能力是吸收，写作能力是释放。就其目的而言，阅读最终是为了释放，也是语文教学的终极目标。而写作又分两个方面，即书面表达和口语表达。从交际的实效性看，口语交际的频率远远高于书面表达，是人与人交流的主要手段。

要提高学生的口语交际能力必须经过长期的努力，应该由易到难地让学生敢说、想说、善说、多说，循序渐进地训练。

第一步，让学生敢说。

学生进入中学后，课程难度大，学生有畏难情绪，再者学生有面子观点，怕答不好被同学笑话。针对这种情况，教师应采取鼓励为主的办法，让学生开口，敢于说话，不管说什么，只要能说一两句都给予鼓励。以消除学生的畏难情绪。对敢于开口说话的同学，则大力表扬，营造一个敢于开口说、积极发言光荣的氛围。在学生初步养成敢于开口说话的习惯后，再对口语训练的要求，一步步提高：从把句子说完整，到把意思说清楚，到把感情说出来。在实施过程中，口语训练的面尽可能大一些，以调动每个学生的积极性。学生消除了畏难情绪，也就敢于开口说话了。第二步，让学生想说。

要激发学生说的兴趣，让学生想说，主动说，学生的口语能力才能得到提高。怎样激发学生的兴趣呢？一是让学生说自己熟悉的内容，对于学生熟悉的内容，容易说得清。二是开展多种形式的说话活动。例如利用早自习的部分时间，让每个学生说一个成语故事；或让学生根据自己的见闻，用简洁而生动的语言，讲一个有趣的故事；或者看图说话，启发学生冲分发挥自己的想象力，运用自己学到的知识，对图画的内容、主题、结构、层次进行生动的说明；或自己动手制作一个小玩具，向同学说明制作过程；或让学生根据课文内容，进行创造性的对话表演。老师对这些活动，及时进行讲评，评出优胜者，给予鼓励。三是教师应巧妙设计所提的问题，让学生想说，精心设置语言环境，令学生愿说。我在教《伤仲永》一课时，曾问学生：方仲永有天赋,是个奇才,但“泯然众人矣”,原因在谁身上?学生一听,纷纷举手发言,阐述自己的看法：有说在其父，有说在其邻，有说在其母，有说在自己，并都说明了理由，气氛异常活跃，因为这个问题刺激了学生非说不可的兴奋点。

第三步，让学生善说。

教师应根据学生个人实情，个别指导，力争让每个学生都做到言之无物，言之有理，言之有序，言之有情。要让学生会说，善于说，需要老师对学生有目的、有计划地训练，由浅入深，从简单到复杂，循序渐进。首先要引导学生会听话，听是说的基础。老师在上课时，要张弛有致，不急不徐，快慢结合，随时注意自己的语速、语气、重音等，有意识地训练学生的听和记的能力。会听才能说，一个人只有思路清晰，思维敏捷，才能运用恰当的语言有条理、有层次、明确而生动地表达思维。其次要引导学生从易到难，逐步提高要求，系列训练口语能力。可以从扩词造句开始，逐步扩展，从简单的句子，到复杂的句子；从一段话到一个完整的故事；从复述课文内容到根据课文进行辩论、讨论；从课内的教材到课外的阅读赏析，逐步扩充内容，加大容量。对于学生在说话中出现的错误，要求迅速改正，重新组织。

第四步，让学生多说。拳不离手，曲不离口，教师应创造条件，为学生创造说的机会，增加说的信心，满足说的欲望，提高说的能力。

总之，我们应该重视学生口语交际能力的培养，采取有效的训练方法和途径，让口语交际的学习过程，成为全面提高学生语文素养的过程。

山东省淄博市淄川区王庆文