雾霾危害优秀大学英语作文

第一篇：雾霾危害优秀大学英语作文

Recently，haze weather has become a daily one right here in large part of China.People are forced to wear the mask to avoid breathing poisonous air.So it is necessary to find out the reason why leads to that and work out the resolution.If we trace the cause for haze weather，the main points are as follows，first，china 's air quality standards are rather lax and evaluation factors are limited，so you will see that current air appraisal system has defects.Second，some people just go for economic interests instead of turning out products according to relevant law and regulations.They tend to use obsolete equipment in which they are high likely to emit a great deal of wasted air.Third，across our society，relevant protection awareness has not built up so that people havent formed a habit of using green product and saving energy as much as possible.Just for the sake of convience to go out，people rely more and more on travelling and working by car while car is the main cause for the haze weatherTo settle this problem，a series of meaures should be taken as follows.First，we should strengthen air monitor to lower the levels of small particulate pollutants.Second，we should enact more strict laws and regulations and keep perfecting our current law on environmental protection to regulate people 's daily action and the industrial production and punish those factories that ignore the protection and keep emitting dangerous material that cause haze.Third，we should develop green and energy-saving energy to lower the emission of haze and improve air quality.As far as i am concerned，if we work together to be able to do such measures，our environment will getting better and better and haze weather will vanish completely.

第二篇：雾霾英语作文

，it seems to be astonishing and thought-provoking on second thoughts.The most eye-catching feature in the picture that impresses me profoundly is that incredibly even the pet dog wears a mask to prevent the terrible smog and haze.As a matter of fact, recent years has witnessed a severe air-pollutionphenomenon triggered by automobile gas emission and industrial exhaust, which will definitely bedisastrous to individual survival and personal development.It goes without saying that the problem of hazy weather should be attached great importance to by the government and the consequences should be taken into profound consideration.To account for the above-mentioned air-pollution phenomenon, a couple of severe reasons should be pointed out.On the one hand , the severely polluted air industrial wastes have been pumped into the air, the lakes and rivers and an increasing number of automobiles crowd into the streets and produce the gas emission.On the other hand, the widespread use of plastic bags and coal burning as well as the nationwide construction dust have been pumped into the air from time to time.As a matter of fact, the smog and haze not only does harm to the lungs and noses but alsogives rise to horrible traffic accidents.In addition, no issue is as harmful as theenvironmental deterioration, which will be a potential threat to the survival of human beings that we are unwilling to see.Just according to a recent survey made by one Morning News, more than 40 percent of Chinese cities are suffering from the hazy weather per year.As a result, it is essential that a couple of effective measures should be taken to prevent the environmental pollution.To start with, the local government should take more steps, such as closing the factories which produced too much industrial exhaust, planting more trees and develop more high-tech products so that air quality can be better and the weather can be more agreeable.In addition, the government should severely punish those who destroy the environment intentionally.Last but not least, it is urgent to limit the number of private cars in the urban cities and we should adopt the most cutting-edge technologies with a view to creating more energy substitutes instead of the petroleum.Only by the above-mentioned pragmatic measures can we enjoy better health and live a more comfortable life.核心词汇：

smog and haze 雾霾

trigger 造成

thought-provoking 发人深思的 industrial exhaust 工业废气

potential threat 潜在的威胁

disastrous 灾难性的

the most cutting-edge technologies 最尖端的科技

witness 见证

with a view to doing sth 旨在做某事.gives rise to 导致

account for 说明(现象、原因、理由等)

environmental deterioration 环境恶化

It goes without saying that 毋庸置疑的是

参考译文：

正如上图生动描述的一样，这幅图片既让你吃惊又发人深省。其中最吸引人眼球的是一只宠物狗带着口罩来预防雾霾。事实上，近年来，由汽车尾气和工业污染引起的严重的空气污染已经对人们的生存和发展造成了灾难性的影响。

毋庸置疑的是，雾霾天气的问题应该引起政府部门的极大重视，其造成的后果也应该引起我们深思。造成这种空气污染现象的原因有这么几条。一方面，严重污染的工业废气被直接排放到大气中，湖中及河中，街道上不断增加的汽车也排放出汽车废气。另一方面，到处可见的塑料袋，煤炭燃烧产生的污染，全国性的建筑垃圾也一直在污染我们的空气。

事实上，雾霾不仅对我们的肺和鼻子有伤害，也是造成可怕的交通事故的原因之一。另外，我们所不愿意见到是没有什么比环境恶化更能造成对我们人类的生存的威胁了。根据晨报的最新一项调查，超过百分之四十的中国城市每年都遭受着雾霾的污染。

我们必须采取有效的措施来阻止环境的污染。首先，当地政府应该采取措施，例如，关闭一些产生工业废气比较多的工厂，多种树，多发展高科技的产品来使空气的质量更高，天气更宜人。另外，政府还应该严惩那些故意破坏环境的人。最后，限制私家车的数量也是当务之急，我们应该采用最先进的科技创造更多的替代石油的能源。只有做到上述几点，我们才能更健康，生活更舒适。

2.Recently，haze weather has become a daily one right here in large part of China.People are forced to wear the mask to avoid breathing poisonous air.So it is necessary to find out the reason why leads to that and work out the resolution.If we trace the cause for haze weather，the main points are as follows，first，china 's air quality standards are rather lax and evaluation factors are limited，so you will see that current air appraisal system has defects.Second，some people just go for economic interests instead of turning out products according to relevant law and regulations.They tend to use obsolete equipment in which they are high likely to emit a great deal of wasted air.最近，灰霾天气已成为日常生活的一对在中国的很大一部分。人们被迫戴上口罩避免呼吸有毒空气。因此有必要找出原因，导致和解决的分辨率。如果我们跟踪灰霾天气的成因，主要内容如下，第一，中国的空气质量标准是相当宽松的评价因素是有限的，所以你会看到当前的空气评估体系有缺陷。其次，有些人只是为了经济利益而出的产品根据相关法律法规。他们倾向于使用陈旧的设备，他们有很高的可能排放出大量的废气。

Third，across our society，relevant protection awareness has not built up so that people havent formed a habit of using green product and saving energy as much as possible.Just for the sake of convience to go out，people rely more and more on travelling and working by car while car is the main cause for the haze weatherTo settle this problem，a series of meaures should be taken as follows.First，we should strengthen air monitor to lower the levels of small particulate pollutants.Second，we should enact more strict laws and regulations and keep perfecting our current law on environmental protection to regulate people 's daily action and the industrial production and punish those factories that ignore the protection and keep emitting dangerous material that cause haze.Third，we should develop green and energy-saving energy to lower the emission of haze and improve air quality.As far as i am concerned，if we work together to be able to do such measures，our environment will getting better and better and haze weather will vanish completely.第三，在我们的社会中，相关的保护意识还没有建立起来，人们已经形成了习惯使用绿色产品，节约能源尽可能多的。只是为了方便出门的缘故，人们越来越依赖于旅行和工作的车，车是阴霾weatherto主要原因解决这个问题，应采取一系列措施如下。首先，我们应该加强空气监测的微粒污染物浓度降低。其次，我们应该制定更加严格的法律法规，不断完善我们现有的环境保护法律来规范人们的日常行为和工业生产和惩罚那些工厂忽视保护和保持发射危险物质造成的阴霾。其三，要大力发展绿色节能能源降低阴霾的排放和改善空气质量。就我而言，如果我们一起能做这样的措施，我们的环境会越来越好，雾霾天气将彻底消失。

关于 雾霾 的英语作文（篇1）

Recently,haze weather has become a daily one right here in large part of China.People are forced to wear the mask to avoid breathing poisonous air.So it is necessary to find out the reason why leads to that and work out the resolution.If we trace the cause for haze weather ,the main points are as follows ,first,china 's air quality standards are rather lax and evaluation factors are limited,so you will see that current air appraisal system has defects.Second,some people just go for economic interests instead of turning out products according to relevant law and regulations.They tend to use obsolete equipment in which they are high likely to emit a great deal of wasted air.Third,across our society ,relevant protection awareness has not built up so that people havent formed a habit of using green product and saving energy as much as possible.Just for the sake of convience to go out,people rely more and more on travelling and working by car while car is the main cause for the haze weather To settle this problem,a series of meaures should be taken as follows.First ,we should strengthen air monitor to lower the levels of small particulate pollutants.Second,we should enact more strict laws and regulations and keep perfecting our current law on environmental protection to regulate people 's daily action and the industrial production and punish those factories that ignore the protection and keep emitting dangerous material that cause haze.Third,we should develop green and energy-saving energy to lower the emission of haze and improve air quality.As far as i am concerned ,if we work together to be able to do such measures ,our environment will getting better and better and haze weather will vanish completely.关于 雾霾 的英语作文（篇2）Haze is air pollution in which is mixed up with dust, smoke and other dry particles ,and it obscure the clarity of the sky and interacts with the natural environment.阴霾是空气污染和灰尘,烟雾和其他干燥粒子,它掩盖了清晰的天空,与自然环境进行交互。

雾霾原因This kind of air pollutant come from a variety of natural and manmade sources.Natural sources can include windblown dust, and soot from wildfires.Manmade sources can include motor vehicles, and industrial fuel burning, and manufacturing operations.The one of the main cause that touches off haze is manufacturing operations.Many factories were over measure produced the smog that had over the standard and the smog seriously influence the air become air pollution.这种空气污染物来自各种自然和人为来源。天然来源可以包括风沙、烟尘从森林大火。人为来源可以包括机动车辆、工业燃料燃烧和制造业务。触动了烟雾的主要原因之一是制造业务。许多工厂测量产生的烟雾对标准和烟雾严重影响空气成为空气污染。

雾霾危害The components that make up haze may have negative effect on people's health especially that of the children and the elderly.Also not excluded are those who have certain diseases such as asthma, allergy, and pneumonia and lung disease.Workers working in the open air have a high risk in their health.组件构成烟雾可能对人们的健康有负面影响特别是儿童和老人。也不排除是某些疾病如哮喘、过敏、肺炎和肺部疾病。工人工作在露天有很高的风险在他们的健康。

解决方法 One of effective solutions to help eliminate haze is to make some chemistry changes during the manufacturing process,so it could reduce harmful emissions which are produced by manufacturing operations 一个有效的解决方案,帮助消除烟雾是让一些化学变化在制造过程中,所以它能减少有害排放产生的制造业务。

关于 雾霾 的英语作文（篇3）

During the 15 days from New Year’s Eve to Lantern Festival, Beijing was affected by smog for more than half the time, because of which people suffered a lot.On the road people drove slowly because they could not see clearly.People also suffered from many illnesses caused by smog.The smog in Beijing has been caused by many factors, in which the increase of cars in the city area plays an important role.The carssend off a lot of poisonous gases, which in turn adds to the already seriousair pollution.In my opinion, the number of cars should be limited.We should call on the people to use more public transport.Only in this way canwe expect to have more sunny days.关于 雾霾 的英语作文（篇4）Dear Bill, I’m glad to receive your letter,thank you for your caring for the weather and my health.Now I’d like to tell you something about the smog.Since the winter last year,the smog has occurred a lot of times.it has done great harm to our daily life.many traffic accidents happened just because of the heavy smog weather,more and more people have to go to see the doctor because the serious disease caused by the smog,quite a lot of flights have to be put off,a great number of people have to stay at home for fear of the poisonous air caused by the smog.People have realized the great harm caused by the smog and the importance of protecting the environment.people all over the country are taking measures to reduce the smog weather.the government suggests people go to work or school with the public traffic, such as the bus and the underground.Also we should plant more trees.According to me, I will go to school by bike or on foot, and I won’t throw the waste anywhere.in addition, I will tell the people I meet to protect the environment as possible as they can.would you like to tell me some good ideas?i’m looking forward to your reply.Yours, Li Hua

5.Nowadays, the hazy weather frequently appears in our country.It has not only done harm to people’s health, but also affected the public transportation.Terrible accidents happen every now and then, some highways have to be shut down because of the low visibility.Obviously, air pollution is the main factor that has resulted in the frequency of hazy weather.At the same time, smoke from burning coal and all kinds of dust are also important factors.Besides, exhaust emission from cars and buses has made the situation even worse.So proper measures should be adopted to deal with the serious problem.To students, opportunities for outdoor sports activities should be decreased, washing faces and hands with running water after each outing is also important, and do not forget to wear a good-quality mask to protect yourself while going out.I hope we will regain a fresh, clean and bright world soon.

第三篇：雾霾天气的危害作文

雾霾天气的危害作文

雾霾天气的危害作文

（一）每天早晨起来，我再也没有看到那火红的太阳来照亮大地。只有走出家门，你才会发现大雾笼罩着整个城市，周围原本美丽的>景色也变得模糊不清了。由雾霾引起的交通堵塞现象；由雾霾引起的哮喘等疾病„„雾霾天气时刻困扰着我们，给我们带来许多不便。虽然我常常裹着大衣、背着书包从街上匆匆走过，但也会时不时打一个喷嚏，连感冒也久治不愈。

最近一段时间，我们成都的天气总是雾蒙蒙的。就在2013年11月21日，四川省成都市遭遇史上最严重的雾霾。现在，雾霾天气严重地影响成都的空气质量。雾霾天气的空气中，包含了一些尘土行的微小颗粒，这些微小的颗粒是人们用肉眼无法看到的，它们足以使人们得上肺病，对我们的身体造成伤害。现在的成都，雾霾天气几乎每天都有。美丽的“天府之国”也变成了一座“雾霾之都”了。

不要说雾霾是杀手，更不要说雾霾很可怕，其实，真正的凶手是我们人类，是我们不懂得保护环境，才引起的雾霾。要想挽回美丽的“天府之国”，我们可以把坐汽车变为骑自行车；可以少吃炒菜，多吃炖菜；可以戒烟或把吸完的烟头扔到垃圾桶里；可以少放烟花爆竹；还可以多种植花草树木，来净化环境。只有我们选择低碳生活，才能阻止雾霾天气的发生。

啊，让我们立刻行动起来，一起来阻止雾霾天气的发生，挽回我们美丽的“天府之国”——成都吧！

雾霾天气的危害作文

（二）我是一只麻雀。我在人类世界中穿梭。他们说人类的智慧是所有动物中最高的。高等动物就是人类对自己的称呼。在我看来，人类分明就是地球上的最愚蠢的动物。

你看那山坡上，那寸草不生的土地没有一点绿草红花的点缀显得那么荒凉，一切的源头都是那上坡顶上的化工厂。你看它烟囱飘出来的浓浓黑烟。破坏着地球的臭氧层衣服。我向化工厂飞去。看到的一只同类，我飞了过去。只见它奄奄一息的对我说”快走，这烟有毒“我看着它，依依不舍的飞向远处。我相信那些愚蠢的人类会受到惩罚的。我用恨恨的眼光审视着那化工厂。可惜我只是一只麻雀，力量微小。

几个月过去了，化工厂依然运行着，但是人类却已经为他们的所做所为付出了代价。你看那都市里的雾霾。是地球觉得人类已经迷失了么？然后放出雾霾提醒人们么？

所幸，人们已经知道错误，有不少人都在保护环境。但是泼出去的水还装的会来么？人类只能为自己的行为付出代价了，如果人类还不知悔改，那么地球灭亡之日也是人类灭亡之时。

雾霾天气的危害作文

（三）打开窗，今日眼前的世界已不如往日那般清晰，那般真实，而是灰蒙蒙的，有些“暗无天日”的感觉。外面的一切景物都好似披上了一层轻纱，隐隐约约，若有若无的，看不清他们的真实面目。“想必这雾蒙蒙的天气就是雾霾造成的吧！”我自言自语道。

在电脑中输入“雾霾”二字，点开回答，引入眼帘的是这样一段话：“雾霾，顾名思义是雾和霾。二氧化硫、氮氧化物和可吸入颗粒物这三项是雾霾主要组成，前两者为气态污染物，最后一项颗粒物才是加重雾霾天气污染的罪魁祸首。它们与雾气结合在一起，让天空瞬间变得灰蒙蒙的。”哦，原来造成“暗无天日”的罪魁祸首就是颗粒物pm10啊！我若有所思的点点头，继续往下看去。

“霾在吸入人的呼吸道后对人体有害，长期吸入严重者会导致死亡。”天啊！电脑前的我张大了嘴，想不到小小的霾竟然有如此大的危害，能导致人死亡，真让人吃惊。

如今因为雾霾天气污染的加重，许多报纸都纷纷刊登有关雾霾的新闻，一时间，小小的雾霾受到了人们的重视，大家都开始寻找解决雾霾，自我防护的办法。可在平时呢？这雾霾似乎很少被人所提及，好像它离我们是非常非常的遥远。

我觉得这是个教训。幸好这个雾霾还可以受到控制，如果无法控制呢？我们岂不是将永远生活在阴暗之中？我们应当在危害来临之前就做好准备，改善我们的生活环境，少开车，减少工业生产排放的废气等等，这些都是方法。我们要未雨绸缪，才能使自己更健康。

第四篇：浅析雾霾形成原因及其危害

浅析雾霾形成原因及其危害

摘要：雾和霾是本质上不同的自然现象。雾-霾的成因主要受气候因素及人为因素的影响。其中气候因素主要有静稳天气、降水情况以及逆温层；人为因素主要有气溶胶、雾霾自身影响以及二次气溶胶。雾-霾对人类健康、交通、电力和农业都有一定的危害。

关键词：雾霾；区别；成因；危害

一、引言

雾-霾逐渐成为人们热议的话题，2013年，“雾霾”成为关键词；2015年，柴静拍摄《穹顶之下》调查雾霾真相，引发争议。种种事件都将雾-霾推向风口浪尖，人人谈霾变色，报道层出不穷。这时就有人会问：既然是自然天气现象，为何当今社会的雾-霾情况如此严重，过去难道就没有雾-霾么？事实上，雾-霾是人为因素导致的颗粒物质排放加上特殊的天气系统所共同导致的。过去并非没有雾-霾，只不过污染物质排放量较少，雾-霾发生的频率以及产生的影响并不大。而当今我国主要城市的雾-霾已经不仅仅是自然现象，气溶胶污染日趋严重已成为雾-霾发生频率增大的主要原因。

二、雾和霾的区别

雾和霾原本只是两种本质上不同的自然天气现象。雾是由大量3-100μm的水滴或冰晶微粒组成的乳白色悬浮体，而霾则是由0.01-10μm极细微的气溶胶粒子均匀地浮游在空中导致空气普遍浑浊的现象。它们的存在都会影响视程。根据“霾的观测和预报等级”规定（行标QX/T113-2010），在能见度小于10km的情况下，当相对湿度低于80%时定义为霾；超过95%时为雾；介于80%和95%之间的是雾-霾混合，需要根据细颗粒物浓度或地面观测规范作进一步界定。[1]

三、雾-霾的成因

（一）大气条件

1、大气环流异常导致静稳天气多

静稳天气是指当大范围近地面大气层持续或超过24小时出现气压场较均匀、静风或风速较小的天气。在静稳天气条件下，湍流受到抑制，低空中的水汽和颗粒物不易扩散，极易形成雾霾天气。静稳天气在秋冬季更易出现。2013年1月的雾-霾情况就是因为大气环流异常而导致静稳天气偏多，为大范围持续雾-霾天气的出现提供了有利条件。1月份，西北利亚地区冷高压异常偏弱，北半球西风指数较常年明显偏大，表明高空西风分量较强，环流比较平直，纬向型环流较弱，不利于引导极地冷空气进入我国；中东部大部地区的海平面气压值较常年偏小1～5hpa（百帕），处于弱气压梯度区，地面风速不大，垂直和水平方向扰动小，静风和小风天气多，形成持续静稳天气。[2]

2、降水条件变化

在降雨的形成过程中，需要空气中含水量较多的大气与空气中的颗粒凝结在一起，形成雨滴。在降雨的过程中，雨水能够对大气中的颗粒物质进行冲刷，减少空气中的悬浮颗粒。我国自1961-2013年，大气降水的日数在逐渐减少，平均每十年约减少4d。降水天数的减少，说明空气中的悬浮颗粒与大气的凝结减少，雨水的冲刷日数也相应的变少，空气中悬浮的颗粒，加大了雾-霾天气的发生[3]。

3、垂直方向上出现逆温

通常大气对流层内的气温是随高度呈递减速关系。但是在某些特殊条件下，如在空气下沉、辐射冷却、空中热气流流向地面、近地层扰动等因素的影响下，高层气温反而高于低层气温，这种现象称为逆温。逆温的类型有辐射逆温、下沉逆温、湍流逆温、平流逆温、锋面逆温和地形逆温。

（1）辐射逆温

因地面强烈辐射而形成的逆温称为辐射逆温。在晴朗无风或微风的夜晚，地面因辐射冷却而降温，与地面接近的气层冷却降温最强烈，而上层的空气冷却降温缓慢，因此使低层大气产生逆温现象。

辐射逆温较多出现在冬季。冬季夜间漫长，晴天风小机会多，地面夜间的辐射降温明显，大气低空容易出现“逆温层”，空气的水平、垂直方向交换流通能力变弱，空气中排放的污染物被限制在浅层大气中，并逐渐集聚成霾，导致空气污染。

（2）下沉逆温

因整层空气下沉，绝热增温，当气层下沉到某一高度时，气层顶部的气温高于底部，而形成的逆温。下沉逆温多见于副热带反气旋区，其特点是范围大，逆温层厚度大，逆温持续时间长，不接地而出现在某一高度上。这种逆温因为有时像盖子一样阻止了向上的湍流扩散，如果延续时间较长，对污染物的扩散会造成很不利的影响。

（3）湍流逆温

因低层空气的湍流混合作用而形成的逆温称为湍流逆温。（4）平流逆温

由于暖空气流到冷的地面上而形成的逆温称为平流逆温。当暖空气流到冷的地面上时，暖空气与冷地面之间不断进行热量交换。暖空气下层受冷地面影响最大，气温降低最强烈，上层降温缓慢，从而形成逆温。

在逆温层以下，空气冷却而达到饱和，水汽凝结从而形成雾，再加上无法释放的积累到一定程度的污染物，于是近地表形成了雾-霾。2015年4月24日，郑州遇“平流雾”黑色污染带，连续2小时重度污染就是由平流逆温导致的。

（5）锋面逆温

锋面是冷暖气团之间狭窄的过渡带，暖气团位于锋面之上，冷气团在下。在冷暖气团之间的过渡带上，便形成逆温。

但冷锋或暖锋过境时，空气水平运动显著，风力较大，有利于污染物扩散，可以驱散雾-霾。但准静止锋出现时，冷暖气团势力相当，锋面很少移动，形成锋面逆温，易导致雾-霾的出现。

（6）地形逆温

多发生在山谷或盆地。夜晚山坡上降温快，冷空气沿斜坡流入低谷和盆地，使原来的较暖的空气受挤抬升，出现的温度倒置现象。

2014年10月，济南频频出现的雾-霾天就是地形逆温导致的。济南地形中间低四周高，容易出现“逆温”现象。同时，城区南部背靠山脉，冬季时自北吹来的风被山体挡回来，加剧了热岛效应，也不利于污染空气扩散。这些因素成为雾-霾帮凶。

Figure 1 2013郑州雾霾统计表

从上表中郑州的统计数据中可以看出，霾的产生与高空逆温层有直接关系。形成霾的大多数情况下都存在逆温层，然而霾和逆温层不存在必然关系。有逆温层存在不一定会有雾-霾形成，雾-霾还会和人为造成的污染物质排放有关[4]。

（二）人为因素

1、大气气溶胶浓度高有利于形成雾霾

我国大气气溶胶浓度在世界范围来说处于较高水平，有利于催生雾霾天气的形成。大气气溶胶是指悬浮在大气中的固态和液态颗粒物的总称,主要包括沙尘、碳（有机碳和黑碳）、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、铵盐和海盐等六大类[5]。我国各地大气气溶胶有不同的时空分布特点。冬季北方地区燃煤采暖、春秋季农村地区秸秆焚烧都会造成碳气溶胶的浓度明显增加；春季，西部地区受沙尘天气影响，以沙尘气溶胶为主。我国华北地区工业相对比较发达，排放的二氧化硫较多，由于气温高可加速二氧化硫转化为硫酸盐，所以夏季华北地区硫酸盐气溶胶浓度较其他季节和地区都高。因城市汽车使用量大大高于农村，所以城市中硝酸盐和硫酸盐气溶胶浓度大大高于农村[5]。

2、雾霾天气使近地层大气更加稳定，加剧雾霾发展

大气中污染物和雾霾相互影响和作用，其主要媒介是气溶胶。雾霾中污染物的加入显著改变了气溶胶浓度，可促进水汽凝结，形成更多的云雾滴，水汽凝结时释放的潜热又有利于雾区的抬升和扩展；另一方面，云雾滴和气溶胶的增加将更多的太阳辐射反射、散射回大气中，使到达地面的辐射减少，地面气温下降，大气层结稳定度增加，造成每日正常排放和转化的气溶胶粒子更易在近地层大气中集聚，能见度进一步降低。由此可见，气溶胶的增多通过影响近地面层动力和热力场，对雾霾的发展起正反馈作用[2]。

3、二次气溶胶对雾霾的贡献

气溶胶按照形成过程可分为一次气溶胶和二次气溶胶。人类活动产生的污染源排入大气中，其中二氧化硫、碳氢化合物、氮氧化合物等一次气溶胶通过化学反应和气粒转化过程，形成硫酸盐、硝酸盐和氯化物等新的比较稳定的颗粒，即二次气溶胶。研究表明，二次气溶胶对PM2.5和有机气溶胶浓度的平均贡献分别为30-77%和44-71%；发现二次有机气溶胶SOA(主要指大气中各种化学反应形成的有机物)平均占27%的PM2.5质量浓度，二次无机气溶胶SIA（主要由硫酸盐、硝酸盐和铵盐等无机成分组成）平均占31%的PM2.5质量浓度,二者具有相近的贡献度。

四、雾-霾的危害

雾-霆作为一种自然灾害,对自然界和人类社会都能够带来巨大的危害,经过相关的检测检定表明二雾霆中含有多类有害成分,其毒素成分有二十类之多,例如二酸、碱、盐、酚等等,甚至含有一些病毒、杆菌、球菌等物质而且这些有毒物质的含量勇在几十倍以上具体来看,雾-霆天气能够对人类、对社会造成以下几大危害：

（一）对人类健康的危害

1、对呼吸系统的影响。出现雾霾天气时，空气中往往会带有细菌和病毒，在人呼吸时就随着空气进入呼吸道和肺部，会造成呼吸系统和心血管系统的伤害，出现呼吸道刺激、咳嗽、呼吸困难，加重哮喘发作，出现心律失常诱发心脏病等。

2、对心血管系统的影响。雾-霾天气空气中有大量污染物，气压低，对心血管病人影响较大，常常使其急性发作。如雾较大，空气水汽含量高，户外运动时人体不容易排汗，从而出现血压升高、胸闷等症状。

3、雾-霾天气降低近地面层紫外线，增强空气中传染性病菌的活性，加大传染病的传播。

4、雾天日照减少。儿童紫外线照射不足，体内VD合成量少，影响钙的吸收，严重的甚至导致儿童生长减慢、婴儿出现佝偻病等。

5、影响心理健康。持续大雾天对人的身体、心理产生影响，一般大雾天人会感觉沉闷、压抑，会刺激或者加剧心理抑郁。此外，由于雾天光线较弱，气压低，人会出现精神懒散、情绪低落等。

（二）对交通安全的危害

出现雾-霾天气时，由于空气质量差，能见度低，容易出现交通阻塞，发生交通事故。即便是飞机，也不能在雾-霾天气下冒然起降。

（三）对电力系统的危害

雾-霾还是输电网路的“神秘破坏者”。雾霾天气时，空气中含有多种化学腐蚀剂，容易导致输电设备绝缘性能下降，出现断电雾、跳闸现象。

（四）对农业生产的危害

由于长时间的雾霾天气，日光照射时间不足，农作物对碳水化合物的储备减少，导致农作物延迟开花，生长不良，影响农产品的质量和产量。而且空气中带有细菌、病菌，极易引起农作物(生病)。

参考文献

[1]廖晓农,张小玲,王迎春等.北京地区冬夏季持续性雾.霾发生的环境气象条件对比分析[J].《中国环境科学》, 2014(6):2031-2044.[2]孙瑾,缪宇鹏,张建忠.雾霾天气成因分析及应对思考[J].《中国应急管理》, 2014(1).[3]谷祥文,周立清.气候变化背景下的雾霾变化趋势[J].《南方农业》, 2014(8):193-194.[4]冯静.高空逆温层与郑州地区雾霆天气[J].《河南科技》, 2014(3):180-181.[5]张小曳.中国大气气溶胶及其气候效应的研究[J].地球科学进展, 2007,22(1):12-16.[6]Ru-Jin Huang,YanlinZhang,CarloBozzetti.High secondary aerosol contribution to particulate pollution during haze events in China [J].Nature, 2014.

第五篇：如何应对雾霾的危害

ZRA雾霾净化器

德国精工 专注防霾

如何应对雾霾的危害

雾霾天气是自然和人为污染环境所形成的，面对这种恶劣天气，我们只有采取各种措施尽量避免其给人们正常生活和健康带来的危害。如何应对大雾带来的健康危害？

减少外出。抵抗力弱的老人儿童以及患有呼吸系统疾病的易感人群应尽量减少出门，或减少户外活动，外出时戴口罩防护身体，防止污染物由鼻、口侵入肺部，外出归来后，应立即清洗面部及裸露肌肤。

减少户外锻炼。雾霾天气气压低，能见度低，空气中悬浮大量尘埃等有毒颗粒，患有支气管哮喘、慢性支气管炎、阻塞性肺气肿和慢性阻塞性肺疾病等慢性呼吸道疾病患者，应尽量避免户外锻炼，以免诱发慢性病得发作或加重。同样大雾天气压较低，高血压、冠心病等慢性病患者不宜做户外锻炼，以避免诱发心绞痛、心衰。

中等和重度霾天气易对人体呼吸循环系统造成刺激，尤其是在早晨空气质量较差。通常来说，若无冷空气活动和雨雪、大风等天气时，锻炼的时间最好选择上午到傍晚前的空气质量好，能见度高的时段进行，地点以树多草多的地方为好，霾天气时也应适度减少运动量与运动强度。

戴好口罩再出门。为了防止雾害，首先应做到大雾天戴好口罩再出门，防止毒雾由口鼻侵入肺部，有晨练习惯的人，应停止户外活动。因为每天6点到11点是污染较为严重的时段，相对而言，晚间的空气较为清洁，有晨练习惯的市民不妨把锻炼放在晚间。

做好个人卫生。雾气看似温和，里面却含有各种酸、碱、盐、胺、酚、尘埃、病原微生物等有害物质，因此雾天外出归来应立即清洗面部及裸露的肌肤。

重视居室卫生。大雾天气尤其要重视居室卫生。每天记得开窗换气，保证空气清新。及时打扫房间卫生，清理卫生死角，不给病菌以孳生之地。

关闭门窗。由于雾霾天气时，空气中的污染物难以消散，在大雾的天气应紧闭门窗，避免室外雾气进入室内污染室内空气，诱发急性呼吸道和心血管疾病的发生。

调节情绪、饮食清淡。由于雾天日照少、光线弱、气压低，有些人在雾天会产生精神懒散、情绪低落的现象。建议大家保持科学的生活规律，避免过度劳累，多饮水，注意饮食清淡，少食刺激性食物，多吃些豆腐、牛奶等食品。

采取预防措施。为预防雾霾的危害，增加身体抵抗力，人们还可以自己制作生姜红枣汤（生姜5-6克，红枣10克，加两碗水放红糖）饮用。这样可以增强人体抵抗力，以预防雾害。

ZRA雾霾净化器

德国精工 专注防霾

行车走路要倍加小心。中等和重度雾霾天气下，能见度较低，视线差，驾车、骑车和步行的人们都应多加小心，特别是通过交叉路口和无人看管的铁道口时，要减速慢行，遵守交通规则，避免发生交通事故。