英文导游词系列之故宫 午门

第一篇：英文导游词系列之故宫 午门

故宫 午门

思路：概况——历史沿革——午门（外形、建筑特点）——作用

Good morning teachers, my topic is General Information of the Forbidden City in front of Meridan Gate.The Forbidden City is located in the center of BJ.It used to be the former Imperial Palace for the M&Q Emperors.It is the best-preserved imperial palace in China, the largest ancient palatial structure in the world, and it is also the largest piece of ancient Chinese architecture still in existence today.Now, let show you something about the history of the Forbidden City In 1368, after the 1st emperor Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty, he made Nan Jing as it's capital.But after the 3rd Emperor Zhu Di came to the throne in 1402, he decided to move the capital from Nan Jing to Bei Jing.Upon the decision of moving the capital, a large-scale construction of the Forbidden City started in 1406 and based on the model of the Imperial Palace in Nan Jing.But was more splendid and larger.The construction took 14 years and was completed in 1420.in the following year, 1421, the capital of the Ming Dynasty was moved from NJ to BJ.When the Qing rulers took over BJ, they just stayed in the former imperial palace but rebuilt and renovated most of the buildings.So the situation of the Forbidden City was much better than it was in the Ming Dynasty.But in the later of Qing Dynasty, because of the corruption of the Qing Government, and the slack management of the Forbidden City, it once again fell into a declined and waned condition.Later on, Qing Dynasty was overthrown by 1911 Revolution led by Dr.Sun-Yat-Sen.But according to the 19 articles of the preferential treatment for Qing court, after 1911, the last Emperor Pu Yi and his royal family spent another 13 years in the Forbidden City until 1924, they were driven out of the palace.Starting from the 3rd emperor Zhu Di of the Ming Dynasty, to the last emperor Pu Yi of the Qing Dynasty, there were a total 24 emperors who lived and handled state affairs in the Forbidden City.On the October 10th 1925, the whole complex was converted into a museum and opened to the public, and in 1987, it was listed as a world cultural heritage site by UNESCO.The Forbidden City covers an area of 72 hectares.It is rectangular in shape, 960 ms long from north to south, and 750 ms while from east to west, surrounded with a 10-m high city wall and encircled by a 52-m wide moat.At each corner of the surrounding wall, there is a magnificent watchtower, which was heavily guarded in the old days.Each of the 4 watchtower has 9 beams, 18 pillars and 72 ridgepoles.The Forbidden City can be divided into 2 parts: the Outer Court and the Inner Palace.The Outer Court consists of 3 main buildings.This was the place where the emperors attended the grand ceremonies and conducted state affairs;while the Inner Palace is composed of rear 3 main buildings and the 6 eastern palaces and 6 western palaces.There was the place where the emperor used to handle daily affairs and it was the living quarters for the emperor, empress and imperial concubines.The layout of the Forbidden City is generally designed to the principle of “a Front Court and Rear Palace”, which means “the front court for state affairs and the rear palace as the living quarters”.OK, so much for the history part, next, I'll introduce the Meridan Gate.There are 4 gates in each side of the Forbidden City.The Meridan Gate is the main entrance to the Forbidden City and also the south gate of Forbidden City.On the top of the gate, there are 5 towers, so it was also nicknamed as the “Five-Phoenix Tower”.The main tower is rectangular in shape, which is located in the center with 4 square-shaped tower in each corner.Inside the tower, bells and drums were installed.There are 3 obvious doorways can be seen from the outside of the Meridan Gate and 2 side doorways are hidden from view.But all 5 doorways cane be seen after walking through the Meridan Gate and turning around.This is a typical building method for this kind of gate——“3 obvious doorways can be seen from the outside, but five doorways can be seen from inside”.However, on the day the Imperial Palace Examination results were announced, the 1st top 3 outstanding scholars were allowed to go through the central gate here in the Forbidden City.The high-ranking civil and military officials went in through the side gate on the east, and the royal family members went in through the west.The two smaller ones on both side at the the corner were for the low-ranking officials.During the Palace Examination, all the candidates went in from the these two side-gates according to their odd or even numbers.During the Ming & Qing Dynasties, there were mainly two functions of the Meridan Gate: the festival activities and the official ceremonies.The festival activities mainly were: Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Double-nine Festival and some other different Chinese folk festivals in the lunar month every year.The official ceremonies mainly were two: the ceremony of announcing the new lunar year calendar and the ceremony of “Accepting Captive of War”.“Court Beating” also took place in front of the Meridan Gate, which is a kind of punishment to punish those offending officials by beating them on their buttocks with sticks, Fortunately, this kind of punishment was abolished in the Qing Dynasty.

第二篇：作文修改60《故宫午门导游词》

第60篇

李文平教导精评稿

（二）——《故宫午门导游词》

作文导师团主群 陈治中

各位家长，现在我们换个口味，看一看关于导游词的作文。今晚我点评的是浙江的一位叫陈治中的小朋友的作品。说实话，我读了他的导游词，完全被折服了！如果把他的这篇导游词背熟了，真正到现场进行解说，绝对不亚于最最优秀的导游的。真的，绝对的精彩！现在需要最最热烈的掌声，我才会把他的作品呈现给大家！来吧，家长与同学们，掌声响起来——

好啦，开个玩笑，但他的作品真的很好呢。请大家欣赏吧—— 【原文】

故宫午门导游词

陈治中 0446浙治妈

各位游客，您们好！我是午门解说员，欢迎您们来故宫博物馆游玩！很荣幸为您们服务！我姓陈，您们可以叫我小陈。下面就让我为大家介绍下午门吧！午门是故宫的正门，它建成于公元1420年，取意正午的太阳光芒四射。它还有一个名字叫“五凤楼”，各位请看：在10米高的城墙上耸立着五座崇楼，楼顶飞檐翅起，从上面看就像五只展翅欲飞的凤凰，故又称五凤楼。它位于端门之北，雄伟壮观。

游客们，请跟我走到“午门”门额前面来，这幢正楼高35.6米，城门正面开了三个门洞，您们知道为什么要开三个门洞吗？因为古代很讲究帝王之尊，帝王走的路与要与别人不同，所以中路供皇帝出入，东西两侧供皇室成员及文武大臣通行。游客们您们看不到还有二扇门，在两侧的墙上，还开有两个掖门，即侧门，平时不开，唯有举行皇家考试时才开放。

下面，我再为大家讲一讲午门的作用，在明代这里是举行献俘大典的地方。所谓献俘大典是指军队凯旋而归时，皇帝在此接见功臣、将士，将士们向皇帝献上战俘，皇帝象征性地将战俘赦免，以示皇恩浩荡，像正午的太阳光照四海，颇有一种“哪里有了皇帝郎，哪里人民得解放”的意味。游客们，做皇帝的滋味真好啊！

游客们，我们在电视剧里听到过“将某某推出午门斩首”的说法吧，因此午门成了传言中处绝死刑犯的地方。现在我要告诉大家，这里虽是午门，但却不是砍头的地方。在明朝的时候，这里是廷仗之所。何谓廷杖呢，说白了就是用棍“仗”打某人的屁股。为什么要廷杖呢？大家都知道皇帝是真龙天子，文武大臣对真龙要百依百顺。但凡有人敢出言不逊或顶撞皇帝，那便是犯了“逆鳞”之罪。那位“逆鳞”者就会被押到午门东北角进行廷杖，轻则皮开肉绽，重者死于仗下。挺可怕的吧！游客们，我们现在可是民主社会了，人人平等啦！接下去给大家自由拍照时间，请配合做到以下几点：

1、不要乱扔垃圾；

2、不要乱涂乱画；

3、不能破坏文物；

4、请在10分钟后到我所站的位置集合，去今天你们的第二个景点——太和门„„

【点评】

是不是真的很精彩？掌声在哪里？

导游词是导游带领游客边走边说的话，一一介绍途中所看到的美景，就必须是一步一景、一景一介绍，条理就这么清楚！多数导游词采用“移步换景”的写作方式来介绍景点以及与景点有关的故事，这一看似简单的写作方法，实际上就是写导游词最最需要的基本方法。有的同学可以回忆一下自己的导游词作文，你是这样写的吗？

故宫午门，简单地说，就是一个大门，表面看上去，没什么好写的，一进一出，整个游览过程就可以结束。但陈治中小朋友却能借助这一景点，发掘与午门有关的典故、轶事，处处吸引着“游客”的游览情趣。写了关于午门的哪些内容呢？我们再来看他的作文，总述一下午门——午门的三个门洞——午门的作用——午门的故事。陈治中平时肯定也是作文高手，他的这篇导游词，条理非常清晰，一小节一小节把景点有关的内容娓娓道来，不凌乱，在座的小朋友也要这么写，走过就不再来“赘述”。

另外，本篇作文是导游词，既然是边走边说的，也有导游词固定的格式，陈治中同学也写得很好。先自我介绍一下，让游客们认识自己、喜欢上自己；介绍景点的时候条理清楚，娓娓动听；介绍一般采用先总后分的方式，让游客对景点先有个大体认识，再跟随导游细细去品味；最后同样要留给游客“自由活动”的时间，这样的旅途才愉快，总跟着导游、听导游讲述也很腻的。给了自由时间就要有规定，特别是集中时间，也必须提出，这样的细节是优秀导游才能关注到的，在座的小朋友，你的导游词里有吗？还有，下一景点去哪里？来个提前预报，也很吸引游客哟。

本篇导游词最大的特色是“口语化”，是一种说话式的作文，最能适合“说”。我们可以再读读，是不是感觉很亲切？这样的导游词才最具魅力，如果写得太“书面语”、“文绉绉”的，游客们听上去就别扭呢，不喜欢的。试想：如果你去旅游，导游说了半天，你一句没听懂，你喜欢这样的导游吗？

这篇导游词还注意了说话时的“礼貌”，对游客尊重，游客也会尊重导游的。但在这篇作文里，有一个不对的地方，就是“您”的使用，对别人尊敬，用“您”，是可以的；对很多人尊敬，用“您们”就错了，只能用“你们”，必须修改的！其他的内容，就没有需要修改的地方了！

如果再写其他景点，仿照此篇介绍故宫午门的写法的导游词，那就自然而然地使用上“移步换景”式的写作导游词的方法了。在座的同学，你的导游词是怎样的呢？是不是从陈治中小朋友的导游词上获得了启示啦？动手修改吧，你们的，也很棒！有机会可以展示出来，让我们在座的其他“游客”跟随你的导游，游览名山大川吧——

此篇导游词的点评，到此结束。最后再把掌声献给最最优秀的“小导游”陈治中同学！

第三篇：沈阳故宫英文导游词

Shenyang Imperial Palace Hello,everyone!Please allow me to express a warm welcome on behalf of Shenyang citizens.I'm with great pleasure to be your tourist guide and from now on I will show you around Shenyang Imperial Palace,shere the founder of Qing Dynasty Nuerhachi and his son Huangtaiji lived.Shenyang Imperial Palace ,Fuling tomb and Zhaoling Tomb made in the early period of Qing Dynasty are the three famous historical sites in Shenyang.Shenyang Imperial Palace with a history of over 360 years started in 1625 and was roughly accomplished in 1636 during the reign of Nuerhachi and HuangTaiji.After them four emperors of Qing Dynasty had come back from Beijing to this palace for 10 times and enlarged its area and added its buildings.They were Emperor Kangxi,Qianlong,Jiaqing and Daoguang.Therefore,until 1783 the palace was finally finished.Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the two royal palaces well kept in China.The other one is Forbidden City in Beijing.Shenyang Imperial Palace was entitled “Historic Culture Relics Preserved Buildings” in 1961 by the State Council.This palace is an emperor museum combining the architectual styles of the minorities of Man,Han and Mongolia.This palace covers an area of 60,000 square meters,comprising over 20 courtyards,300 houses and 70 buildings.The whole construction is divided into three sections: the east, middle and west.First let's pay a visit to the buildings in the buildings in the middle section.The layout of middle section is similar to a Chinese compound with three courtyards.The first courtyard is the office area.It starts from the Grand Qing Gate on the south and ends at Holy Administration Hall.From Phoenix Tower to Purity and Tranquility Hall is the residential area.They all lay out on the same line.The main entrance to the palace is the Grand Qing Gate,also called Meridian Gate because the emperor considered himself as the son of Heaven and the palace should be the center of universe.The Grand Qing Gate was bulilt in 1632 and is was the place where the civilian offcials and military ministers to present themselves before the emperor daily.The special feature of the gate is the tile color.They are all yellow tiles but engraved with green borders.Yellow synbolizes the ground and the royal right while green represents sea and mountains.The combination of them means controlling the vast areas on the earth.The building to the east of Grand Qing Gate is called Ancestor Temple(Taimiao)with yellow tile roof,where Nuerhachi's descendants offeredsacrifices to their ancestors for blessings.So Ancestor Temple is the most important.Please follow me into the gate.This path in the middle links the gate to Holy Administration Hall with Flying Dragon Pavilion(Feilongge)and Flying Phoenix Pavilion(Xiangfengge)on each side.The Hall of Holy Administration is the main building in the middle part of the palace and it was the center of the military,administrative affairs in eatly Qing Dynasty and had witnessed many national ceremories.Flying Dragon and Flying Phoenix Pavilions were for storing music instruments.Holy Administration Hall was Emperor Huangtaiji's office.In front of the hall are Rigui and Jiangliang,which were used as measure instruments and supposed to be the symbol of unity.In accient construction,office area is usually in the front part and residential area is in the rear.Since we have visted the place where the Emperors worked and now we'll pay a visite tothe place where empress and concubines lived.Here is the Phoenis Tower.It served as an entrances to the rear chambers and also the entertainment area of Huangtaiji and his concubines,and some gatherings or banquets were held occasionally.The tower was built on a terrace 3.8 meters tall.It was the tallest building in Shenyang at that time.It is amazing watching sunrise in the morning on the tower and Phoenix Sunrise is one of the famous Eight fascinating Scenes in Shenyang.Look upward ,we will see a board hanging up on Phoenix Tower ,on which Emperor Qianlong inscribed “Ziqidonglai”,which meant the Qing Dynasty in Beijing immigrated fron Shengjing,the old name for Shenyang to the east.There are 24staircases leading to Phoenix Tower representing 24 seasonal divisions points in chinese lunar calendar.In Shenyang Imperial palace chambers are higher than halls, which is contrary to the architectural style in Forbidden city in Beijing.Walking through the tower are the rear chambers.The one on the north in the middle was called Purity and Tranquility Hall,which was prepared for emperor and empress.The other four lying on both sides were fo concubines.Purity and Tranquility Hall has five rooms and the First from the east was where Huangraiji passed away here at the age of 52 without any disease.His throne passed to his ninth son,Fulin.In early Qing Dynasty,the construction style was summed up like this: bag-like house,zigzag bed and chimney sitting on the ground.The main buildings here were different from other buildings with a door was opende in the wall of the east room and the other rooms were connected together like a bag.The zigzag beds,made of mud and brick and with fire and smoke tunnels were called“kang”in Chinese.In order to get heat and keep room warm in winter,tunnels was made under the ground of Purity and Tranquility Hall to put fire and smoke through.Now notice the pole standing on the ground for smoke through.Now notice the pole standing right in the middle of the courtyard.This red pole is called Suolun pole,or Holy Pole.Its round tin container near the top was filled with food for feeding crows.It was said that Nuerhachi was savedby crows.Crows are considered sacred in Manchurian culture though in Chinese culture crows are regarded as birds bringing bad luck.Emperor Huangtaiji had four concubines.Among the four concubines Chen was loved best by Huangtaiji and Concubine Zhuang was the wisest and the mother of the next emperor,Fulin.Therefore ,she had a special status among the concubines.The only chimney was built on the rear of Purity and Tranquility hall from the ground with 11 layers ,representing the 11 emperors from Emperor Huangtaiji to the last emperor Puyi.This chimney was the highest one at that time.In Chinese ,the sound of chimeny“tong” is the same as that of unity.To the north further is rear courtyard called Yuhua Garden.After visiting the middle section of the palace ,we come to the eastern section.Its representative building is the Great Administration Hall,flanked by Ten Princes Pavilions.This part was built in 1625,and they were the earliest building in Shenyang Imperial Palace.Great Administration Hall is the place ceremonies and handled state affairs.Great Administration Hall was built with eight sides representing the style of military tent and also Eight Banner military system.Now please look at the ten pavilions,five on each side,which were the offices of the commanders at that time.Here I will give you an introduction to the military system of early Manchurian Period.Nuerhachi divided his troops in four parts and each part was identified by the color of its banner.There sere then four kinds of banner:red,blue,white and yellow banner.As the troops expanded quickly ,another four parts were added and therefore another four kinds of banner were needed.By then there were altogether eight kinds of banner.This army was therefore well known for Eight Banner Army.The last part of Shenyang Imperial Palace is the western section,built from 1782 to 1783 and during Emperor Qianlong's reign.Its main construction is Book Source Pavilion(Wensuge)with Theater Platform and Good Descendant-benefiting Hall(Jiayintang)in front,Prosperity Administration Stydy(Yangxizhai)and Nine Halls behind.Book Souurce Pavilion(wensuge)was specially designed for storing the encyclopedia compiled at that time,Si Ku Quan Shu.This encyclopedia collected most of the books in Chinese history.Its complication started in 1773.This set of history books is composed of seven sections,more than 36,000 volumes.It took educated persons over 10 years to finish is.When finished,the sholecneyclopedia was duplicated in seven pavilions across China.The other six copies were either damaged during wars or lost.This set is the only one well kept.But the real copy is no longer here and now is restored in the Palace Museum in Beijing and Gansu province library.We can see that Book Source Pavilion covered with black tiles.In Chinese philosophy,black refers water.The pavilion was built for storing books and its biggest threat was fire.So black tiles hinting water covering it on the top as a way of protection.Good Proserty Admiration Study was for Emperor reading while Descendant-benefiting Hall and the Theater Platform consisting of a couryard for Emperor ,his empress and concubines watching plays.Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the cultural relics in China and it is the symbol of this city.It is a good combination of diferent nationalities as well as a tourist attraction.And now we have to end our visiting ,I hope you all enjoy it and thank you for your cooperation,goodbye.

第四篇：故宫英文导游词

The Meridian Gate The Forbidden City has four gates.Here is the Meridian Gate, the main entrance to the Forbidden City.In Chinese, we call it Wumen.Men in Chinese means gate.And Wu is the short of Ziwu in Chinese which could be translated as meridian line in English.According to the ancient Chinese compass, the word “meridian” indicates the direction of the south.So the Meridian Gate also served as the south gate of the Forbidden City.Besides, Chinese emperor believed that the meridian line went right through the Forbidden City and his imperial residence was the center of the whole universe.This is why Chinese emperors considered themselves as the “Son of the Heaven.” So the Forbidden City best demonstrates the elements of Chinese palace architecture, such as “supremacy”, “hierarchy” and “everlasting.”

Now please look at the central gateway.It was exclusively for the emperor.The empress could use it once when she got married on the day of the imperial wedding ceremony.On that day, the empress could be permitted to enter the Forbidden City through the middle doorway on a sedan chair.That is the only chance in her life.Another exception was for the top three outstanding scholars who passed the Imperial Palace Examination.Just on the day when the results were announced, they were allowed to go through the central gateway.This was the greatest honor for the Chinese scholars in the old time.And this is why Chinese people have been valuing education so much.The gate as high as Tower.The Meridian Gate is 35 meters high.The gate is topped by five towers commonly known as the Five Phoenix Towers.It is recorded that the towers were installed with the bells and drums.When the emperor went to the Temple of Heaven, bells were struck.When he went to the Ancestral Temple, drums were beaten in order to publicize the event.As a matter of fact, there were mainly two functions for the Meridian Gate.One is for Chinese emperor to enjoy the festival activities and the other is for reviewing the official ceremonies.“Court Beating” also took place in front of the Meridian Gate;it is a kind of punishment for those offending officials by beating them on their buttocks with sticks.And any officials who went against the emperor’s wishes would be taken out of the Meridian Gate and be beaten in this way;some of them even were beaten to death on the spot.But fortunately, this terrible punishment was abolished in the Qing Dynasty.Outside the gate there are 3 gateways and they are rectangle, but inside the gate, there are 5 gateways and there are round.And this is the typical building method for imperial constructions.Three obvious doorways can be seen from the outside, but five seen from inside.In Chinese traditions, people believe that the heaven is round and earth is rectangle.The Symbolism of the Architecture in the Palace Museum Ladies and gentlemen, you may have seen a winding brook before us.It is the Inner Golden Water River.There are 3 reasons to dig a river channel here.First of all, the river is shaped like a bow, and the five marble bridges look like five arrows.This layout shows that the emperors ruled the country on behalf of Heaven.Secondly, the river was for draining the rain water away from the Forbidden City.Thirdly, it is used for the fire prevention.Just like the emperors want to report to the heaven, that’s why the gateways of meridian gate is round inside.The round represent heaven.Now we are walking across the bridge and entering the courts of the palace.Here is the Gate of Supreme Harmony.There are a pair of bronze lions who are guarding the gate.In China, no matter yesterday or today, people regard stone, iron and bronze lions, placed at the gate, could ward off the evil spirits.Ladies and Gentlemen, could you tell me which lion is male and which is female?(yeah, you are so smart/ sorry, you said the opposite)The lion on the right is female, and she is playing with a baby lion.The Female lion and the lion cub are considered to be symbol of prosperity of the royal family’s offspring.The male lion, playing with a ball, is said to represent the emperor’s supreme power and state unity.Chinese people are good at imagination and symbolization.Now you can see the figures on the roof, they are the glazed tiles with the mythical animal statues to prevent the tiles from sliding down.The roofs are decorated with a line of statuettes led by a man riding a phoenix and followed by dragon, Phoenix, Lion, Heavenly Horse, Sea Horse, and so on.The number of statuettes represents the status of the building—a minor building might have 3 or 5.Look at the Hall of Supreme Harmony: it has 10, the only building in China to be permitted this numbers that time.You can see the yellow roof under the sun is gorgeous, the color of Yellow is the exclusive color of the Chinese emperors.The red and yellow colors used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic.Red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth.Yellow is the color of the earth.Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang Dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear in it and use the color of yellow in their architecture.As you can see, all the roofs in the Forbidden City are yellow.There are only two exceptions.The library at the Pavilion of the Source of Literature had black tiles because black was associated with water, for the purpose of fire-prevention.Similarly, the Crown Prince’s residences have green tiles because green was associated with woo, and wood indicates growth and future.The Chinese color culture is very interesting.Believe it or not.Number is another culture point related to the Chinese architecture.According to the Chinese theory of Qian and Kun, the main halls of the Outer and Inner courts in the Forbidden City are all arranged in groups of six—the shape of the Kun Trigram, representing the Earth.According to the Chinese theory of Five Elements, the elements are fire, water, earth, wood and metal.Wood is said to overcome the earth.That’s why the three big halls in the Forbidden City were built on a three-tiered marble terrace, shaped like the Chinese character “earth”.The Out Court and Inner Palace The Forbidden City is divided into two parts: the Outer Court and the Inner palace.The former consists of the first three main halls, where the emperor received his courtiers and conducted grand ceremonies, while the latter was the living quarters for the imperial residence.At the rear of the Inner Palace is Imperial Garden where the emperor and his family sought recreation.The most important buildings are situated on the central north-south axis.Beyond the Gate of Supreme Harmony, there stands the Hall of Supreme Harmony.It stands along the north-south axis on the triple marble terrace.Each terrace is higher than the other, encircled by marble balustrades carved with dragon and phoenix designs.The dragon and phoenix were symbols of the emperors and the empresses, respectively.You’ll find 18 bronze incense burners, representing the 18 provinces of China during the Qing Dynasty.Behind the Hall of Supreme Harmony, there are the hall of Middle Harmony and the Hall of Preserving Harmony.The Hall of Supreme Harmony, also known as the Throne Hall, was first built in 1420.It is the largest existing hall of wooden structure in China.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties here used to be the place where the emperor had grand ceremonies.For example, the new emperor’s enthronement ceremony, emperor’s birthdays and wedding ceremonies and other important occasions such as the Winter Solstice, the Chinese New Year and the dispatch of generals to battles, and so on.On such occasions there would be an imperial guard of honor standing in front of the Hall that extended all the way to the Meridian gate.The Hall of Supreme Harmony is 35 meters high with a double-layered roof that represents the highest construction rank of all.Right in the center of the hall stands a red sandalwood platform about 2 meters high.The emperor’s gilded throne, carved with nine dragons, is placed on the platform.Around the throne stand a pair of bronze cranes, two elephant-shaped incense burner and two tripods in the shape of mythical beasts.The pillars, encircling the platform, are decorated with coiled dragons.Above the throne is the gold painted caisson ceiling.In the middle of the ceiling is the design of two dragons playing with pearls.The pearls, so called “Xuanyuan Mirror”, were made of glass and painted with mercury.It represents orthodox succession.It was believed that “Xuanyuan Mirror” was a symbol of the emperor who was the legitimate successor.It was also a symbol to subdue fire.The floor is paved with “golden bricks”.The hall is heavily painted with dragons and has an aura of solemnity and mystery.The Hall of Middle Harmony is smaller and square with windows on all sides.Here the emperor rehearsed for ceremonies.It is followed by the Hall of Preserving Harmony in which banquets and imperial examinations were held.Behind the Hall of Preserving Harmony lies a huge marble ramp with clouds and dragons carved in relief.The marble, 250 tons in weight, is placed between two flights of marble steps along which the emperor’s sedan was carried up or down the terrace.It is the largest piece of stone carving in the Imperial Palace.The Gate of Heavenly Purity leads to the Inner Palace.The three halls of the Inner Palace are replicas of the three halls in the front, but smaller in size.They are the Palace of Heavenly Purity, the Hall of Union and Peace, and the Palace of Earthly Tranquility.The Palace of Heavenly Purity was once the residence of the Ming emperors and the first two of the Qing emperors.Then the Qing Emperor Yong Zheng moved his residence to the Hall of Mental Cultivation and turned it into an audience hall to receive foreign envoys and handled the state affairs.After the emperor’s death, his coffin was placed here for a period of mourning.The Palace of Union and Peace was the empress’s throne room, where the empress held the important ceremonies and her birthday celebration.The Hall of Earthly Tranquility, once a private living room for the empress, was partitioned.The west chamber served religious purposes and the east one was the bridal chamber where the newly married emperor and empress spent their first two nights after their wedding.Behind these three halls lies the Imperial Garden.Relatively small, and compact in design, the garden nevertheless contains several elaborate landscaping features.To the north of the garden is the Gate of Divine Prowess, the north gate of the palace.Distributed to the east and west of the three rear palaces are a series of self-contained courtyards and minor palaces, where the Emperor’s concubines lived.The Hall of Mental Cultivation is located on the south side of the Six Western Palaces.Originally a minor palace, after Qing Emperor Yongzheng moved his living quarters here, this palace had become the most important building besides the Hall of Supreme Harmony in the Forbidden City.Hall of Mental Cultivation Eastern Chamber is of historical interest because it was here that Empress Dowager Cixi gave audiences behind a screen or controlled power behind the throne for many years, a political phenomenon which was previously unheard of in the records of the Qing Dynasty(1644-1911).When Emperor Tongzhi ascended the throne in 1862 at the age of six, Empress Dowager Cixi and Ci’an(the first empress of Xianfeng)both sat on a throne in the room, which was separated from the Emperor’s throne by a screen, to assist him in the conduct of state affairs.This practice continued when Emperor Guangxu succeeded to the throne in 1875 at the age of four.But with the sudden death of Ci’an one morning in 1881, state power passed entirely into the hands of the Empress Dowager Cixi.Empress Ci’an was believed to be poisoned to death by Cixi.Cixi effectively held the power and ruled China for as long as 48 years.However, she had to stay behind the screen all the time because at that time in China women were not supposed to be in the Outer Court or to hold any public positions.

第五篇：北京故宫英文导游词

北京故宫

女士们、先生们，欢迎大家来到北京，北京是中国的首都，也是我国的四大古都之一。2008年奥运会的成功举办更使这座古老的城市为许多外国朋友所熟知。大家稍作休息，请允许我自我介绍一下。我是大家北京之行的地接导游员我的名字叫温辉辉，那在我身边的这位是我们的司机张师傅。我们将会竭尽全力为大家提供最优质的服务。像我一样热情好客的北京人将以他们最热情的方式欢迎世界各地发朋友来到北京。在北京期间我们将游览故宫、长城、颐和园等景点。希望古老而又时尚的北京会给大家留下一段美好的回忆。

在北京我们游览的第一个景点就是故宫。提起故宫大家首先会想到它是中国皇帝居住过的地方。但故宫的价值可不仅仅在于此。它更是我们中国历史、中国文化以及中国建筑的一个缩影。

故宫位于北京城的中心，是明清两朝的皇宫。它是世界上显存最大、最完整的宫殿建筑群。至今约有六百年的历史，先后有24位皇帝在这里统治全国近500年。故宫又名紫禁城，那是因为在封建社会皇帝拥有最高的权利因此这个地方是禁止一般人进出。紫色是象征这北极星的颜色，这被认为是宇宙的中心 所以又名紫禁城。

紫禁城的建筑布局是对称的分为前朝和内廷。前朝以太和、中和、保和三大殿为主体是举行大殿、朝贺、筵宴行使权力的地方。其中太和殿是故宫中规模最大等级最高的建筑。皇帝登基及册立皇后等重大仪式都在此举行。内廷以乾清宫、交太殿和坤宁宫为主体，是皇帝的寝宫和处理日常政务的地方。坤宁宫以北是御花园，是皇帝及其家人游玩的地方。

新中国成立以来，故宫得到良好的维护。1961年，故宫被入世界文化遗产名录。如今的故宫已是中国最大文化珍藏品博物馆，收藏着几百万件珍贵文物。

现在我要问大家一个问题，故宫的房间是九千九百九十九间半吗? 传说天宫的房间是一万间，人间的皇帝作为天帝的儿子，皇宫自然不能超过天宫，于是故宫便造了九千九百九十九间半。其实古代建筑是以“四柱一间”为标准的。经过古建筑专家实地调查统计，故宫所有的房间数量是8707，并非传说所言。

俗话说百闻不如一见，带着您满心的好奇让我们走进故宫，让我们感悟中国文化感受中国帝王的兴衰历史。

Ladies and Gentlemen，Welcome to Beijing.Beijing is the capital of China as well as one of the four ancient capitals in china.Many foreign friends known Beijing because of the the success of the Olympic Games.Please sit back and relax.Iam your local guide for your Beijing tour ,you can call me Amry.This is our driver Mr.Zhang.We will make every effort to provide the best quality service.Like me, Beijingers are always ready to welcome friends from all over the world with their most hospitality.During you Beijing tour we will visit the Forbidden City、Great Wall、Summer Palace and other attractions.I hope that the old as well as fashion Beijing will leave you a good memory.The first attraction of our tour in Beijing is the Forbidden City.The first thing people would think of when talking about the Forbidden City is it the place where Chinese emperors used to live and hold their courts..But the value of the Forbidden City is not limited to this.It is a microcosm of Chinese history, Chinese culture and Chinese architecture.The Forbidden City is located in center oBeijing.It was imperial palace of both Ming and Qing dynasties.With a history of over 600 years, it is the largest and most complete palace complex that still exists in the world.24 emperors had rule the empir from here for more than 500 years.Forbidden City is also called Purple Forbidden City.In the feudal['fju:dl]封建时代的 society ,emperors had supreme至高的 power , so this residence was certainly a forbidden place.Purple was the symbolic[sim'b?lik] 象征color of the North Star which was believed to be the center of the cosmos宇宙.So it got the name of Purple Forbidden City.The building arrangement within the Forbidden City is symmetrical对称的.And it is divided into two parts :the outer court and the inner court.The former is the place where emperors handled courts事物 and held different ceremonies仪式.It consists of Taihe ,Zhonghe and Baohe Halls.Taihe hall is the largest hall within the Forbidden City.It was the location where Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty Emperors hosted their enthronement and wedding ceremonies.The inner court consists of Qianqing, Jiaotai and Kunming Halls where the emperor lived and handled day-to-day work.The lmperial Garden lies on north of the Kunming Hall.It looks like a natural picture.This is the place where the emperor and his family play.Since the founding of new China, the Forbidden City has been well maintained.It was made part of the world cultural heritage list in 1987.Tody as the largest museum of cultural relics in China, it collected and displayed one million precious relics.Now I want to ask you a question.How many houses are there in the Forbidden City? It was said that there were 10000 rooms in the complex of the Heaven Palace.As the son of the heaven , emperor had to build only 9999.5 rooms.Actually ,there are only 8707 rooms in the Forbidden City.As The saying goes, seeing is believing.With curiosity, let's walk into the Forbidden City.Let's appreciate Chinese culture and feel the history of the rise and fall of the Chinese emperors.