第一篇：五台山显通寺导游词
五台山显通寺导游词
显通寺，位于台怀镇寺庙群，它的前身是“大孚灵鹫寺”，最早建于东汉永平年间，距今已经有近两千年的历史了。这座幽幽古刹是目前五台山规模最大，历史最悠久的寺院，是五台山五大禅处、十大青庙之一。国务院在1982年把显通寺列为国家级重点文物保护单位。
我们将要参观的重点是显通寺的钟楼，以及中轴线上的一系列建筑。我们在显通寺将游览一个小时，之后我们在钟楼下集中。
前面这座高大的建筑就是显通寺钟楼，它建于明代，是显通寺较早的一处建筑。它的下层是一个石旋洞，是通往显通寺的要道。上层是高大的木结构钟楼，为两层三檐庑廊式结构，上承十字顶，脊顶四端有四个雕刻精巧的龙头。我们往上看，廊柱飞檐，交相辉映，十分壮观。从上面远眺，层层山峦，簇簇寺庙，历历在目，使人心胸开阔，大有“欲穷千里目，更上一层楼”的感觉。
细心的游客可能已经看到钟楼上“震悟大千”这四个字了，“大千”即“大千世界”，是佛教用语的“三千大千世界”的简称，指广阔无边的世界。“震悟大千”的意思是说佛法无边，在佛祖释迦牟尼的教化和感召下，整个大千世界都震悟觉醒了。
既然叫钟楼，那一定离不了钟，现在我们上楼去看五台山最大的一口铜钟。这口钟叫“幽冥钟”，又叫“长命钟”，是明万历四十八年铸造的，重达万斤，因要避讳“万岁”的“万”字，实际只有9999.5斤。
显通寺的铜钟，不仅是古代铸造技术的代表作，而且赋予了它浓厚的佛教文化色彩，它不同于我国民间讲的“晨钟暮鼓”之钟。关于敲钟就很有讲究。大家都知道“做一天和尚撞一天钟”这句话，它已成为“得过且过”的代名词。因为在许多人看来，撞钟很简单，到时辰敲几下就可混过一天，既不用动脑子，又不多花力气。这实际上是对佛门职事僧工作的误解。撞钟时，要撞出轻重缓急的节奏，钟声要抑扬顿挫，传的远还要回荡不息，要撞出具有五台山特色的钟声和佛教乐理的神秘。早晚两次撞钟，要紧七下、慢八下，不紧不慢二十下，这是一通，重复三次，共撞105下，最后在撞三下，前后共108下。撞钟时还要念固定的佛经。
大家都知道张继的诗“姑苏城外寒山寺，夜半钟声到客船”，诗中寒山寺钟声之所以着名，不仅是因为夜半钟声，更在于必须在二十分钟内敲完108下，而且最后一下，要敲在夜半十二点正，不能提前或推后一秒。可以想象，如此纯熟的撞钟功夫，是“冰冻三尺非一日之寒”。据说敲完钟的和尚都有“钟行汗步出钟楼，犹如卸下千斤担”之感。由此可见撞钟绝非易事，来不得半点虚假，就和我们做人一样，要实实在在。
此外，钟的外表刻有一部楷书佛经，共一万多字，字迹端正清晰，可惜我们现在看不到这些铸字了。大家看，这口钟里里外外已被成千上万的纸条遮挡住了。为什么在钟上贴这么多纸条呢？有这样一种说法：有威望的和尚圆寂后，要把他的名字贴在钟上，然后把钟敲响，与钟长鸣，好象在通知西方极乐世界，又一位高僧往生极乐了。现在，人们为了求得佛祖保佑，也把自己或亲朋好友的名字贴在钟上，然后把钟敲响，不过贴名字还有个讲究，为死去的人祈求平安要贴在钟内，为活着的人祈求幸福要贴在钟外。如果您有兴趣，可千万别贴错啊。好了，各位游客，参观完这口巨钟，让我们一起步入古树幽幽的显通寺内院游览。大家请跟我来，从这儿进去，我们将参观中轴上观音殿、大文殊殿等七座大殿。在这里，我要请大家想一想，我们讲过，寺院第一座大殿一般是天王殿，供四大天王以守护寺院，为什么显通寺第一座大殿不是天王殿呢？听完我的讲解，您自然会明白。
明代以前，现在的显通寺和前面的塔院寺原本是一座寺庙，天王殿在最前面，明成祖永乐五年（1047），分为现在塔院寺和显通寺两处庙宇，显通寺就没有天王殿了，但一个寺又不能没有守护神，于是在两侧立了两块石碑，大家看，一边是“龙”，一边是“虎”，用“龙”“虎”代替四大天王守护寺院，名叫“有龙虎把门，不用四大天王劳驾”。
中轴线上第一座大殿叫观音殿。旧时，寺院举行的赈济水陆生灵的水陆法会道场也设在这儿，故又称水陆殿。殿内供奉观世音、文殊、普贤三大士，观音居中，殿两侧是护法天神。
观音菩萨，虽然在佛国世界中并非首脑，但她却是中国善男信女们最崇拜的对象，因为她大慈大悲，救苦救难，符合老百姓朴素的为人心理。我们都知道，声音要听，景物要看，而观音菩萨的名字却很有意思，叫“观世音”，即看世间声音。其实不难理解，观音菩萨法力高强，六根圆通，当然可以“观世间声音”，这“观”，不是用眼，而是用智慧观世间疾苦，以解救芸芸众生。
五台山是文殊菩萨的道场，许多寺庙内都有专门的文殊殿，显通寺也是如此。前面这座大殿便是大文殊殿。
文殊殿前立有两块石碑，并建有碑亭。石碑高2米，宽不足1米。立于康熙四十六年，即公元1707年。大家请仔细看一看，这两座石碑有什么区别呢？立碑，总是为记述什么，可您仔细看过后，会发现西边这通是一块无字碑。大家都知道，西安乾陵武则天墓前有块着名的无字碑。有人说那正是武则天的聪明之处，自己的功过是非留给后人评说。那这里的无字碑又是为什么而立呢？原来啊，康熙皇帝来五台山朝山时，站在一进门的地方，发现菩萨顶象条龙，而大文殊殿前两个水池的反光正是龙眼。古代人们认为皇帝是真龙天子，天下只能有一个，而这儿又出现了一条龙，那还了得，于是，康熙一怒之下让人把大文殊殿前两个水池用石碑压住了。石碑立好后，庙内老僧请康熙写碑文，可康熙只写了一篇，便起驾还朝了。从此显通寺就留下了这块无字碑。
文殊殿，以供奉文殊为主。我们进殿看，正中这尊最大的塑像是大智文殊。文殊全称文殊师利菩萨，是佛祖释迦牟尼的左胁侍，他专司“智慧”，在四大菩萨中地位最高。他的坐骑是一只雄武的猛狮，代表勇猛和智慧。
我们前面讲过，五座台顶都有寺庙，庙内文殊各不相同，在大文殊殿内便供奉有五台文殊。大智文殊左侧一尊是西台的狮子吼文殊，右侧一尊是东台的聪明文殊，前面三尊分别是南台的智慧文殊、中台的孺童文殊和北台的无垢文殊，殿内两侧是十二圆觉菩萨。
文殊菩萨是智慧的象征，所以希望自己或亲朋好友聪明的善男信女们往往顶礼膜拜，求文殊赐予智慧，不过拜文殊只是人们追求智慧的一种形式，要得到真正的智慧，还需靠自己努力，去求索、奋斗。
中国古代寺庙分为接待游方僧人的十方庙和不接待游方僧人的子孙庙。那么如何区分呢？我想您一定也想知道。我们往后走，看韦驮天神的姿态便会明白了。在大智文殊背后，这尊神武的塑像就是韦驮。从他站立的姿态，我们可以区分十方庙和子孙庙。您看这座韦驮像，双手合十，法器横于两腕之上，象是欢迎四方宾朋香客，这表明，此庙是十方庙。韦驮还有另一种姿态。左手握金刚杵，杵尖拄地，右手叉腰，一副拒人以千里之外的模样，不用问，这座庙一定是子孙庙，游方和尚看到他的姿态就会另觅栖身之所了。不过现今，随着社会的发展、开放，各个寺庙都接待游方僧人，不再有十方庙和子孙庙之分了。
唐代以后的寺院布局一般以大雄宝殿为主建筑，大文殊殿后便是显通寺的主殿——大雄宝殿。大家可以看到，大殿规模宏伟，占地1.2亩。庄严肃穆，布局紧凑，是五台山罕见的大殿，“大雄”是对释迦牟尼的尊称，意思是“一切无畏的大勇士”。
在进入大殿前，我给大家留一个问题，请大家留意寻找答案。如何从塑像外表区分佛、菩萨和罗汉？
大家请进殿。大雄宝殿一般供奉三世佛。您看，正中这尊主佛是佛祖释迦牟尼，他是我们中间婆娑世界的教主，他左侧是东方净琉璃世界的教主药师佛，右侧是西方极乐世界的教主阿弥陀佛。他们头顶卷发、雍容典雅。请大家记住，头上是卷发。
释迦牟尼在历史上确有其人，他出生于公元前六世纪的古代印度。据佛经记载，他看到人间生老病死的痛苦，于是离家出走，潜心修炼，最终创立了佛经。它的追随者们尊称他为“释迦牟尼”，意思是释迦族的圣人。
大殿两侧的塑像是十八罗汉，他们神情各异，栩栩如生，突破了神像塑造手法的拘谨，反映了生活中人物的各种表情。尽管表情各不相同，但他们还有一个共同特点，你发现了吗？就是头上空空如野，烦恼丝全无。请大家记住，神情各异，头上空空。
看完十八罗汉，我们在看三世佛背后。这三位头戴菩萨冠的便是三大士；文殊、普贤、观音三大菩萨。那么如何区分他们三位呢？我告诉大家一个简单的办法，看他们的坐骑，文殊骑狮、普贤骑象、观音骑朝天吼。知道了他们的坐骑，在大多数寺院都可以区分他们了。
讲到这里，我要旧事重提了，如何从外表区分佛、菩萨和罗汉呢？
对了，佛头上是卷发，菩萨头戴菩萨冠，而罗汉头上则是空无一发，神情悠悠自得。现在您能区分他们了吗？
大雄宝殿作为主殿，庙内大型佛事活动一般都在这里举行，如受戒仪式。还留下了康熙赠龙袍的传说，他让方丈初一、十五穿龙袍代他理佛。可惜这件龙袍一九四八年被盗，没能留到现在。否则，它将是一件珍贵文物。虽然康熙的龙袍被盗了，但他亲笔手书的匾额“真如权应”却留了下来。大家抬头看这块匾，它同样是一件珍贵文物。
大家请继续往后走。我们都知道，中国古代建筑大多为木结构，可显通寺内却有一座别具特色的砖石结构大殿，因没有大梁和柱子，所以名叫“无梁殿”。大家看，大雄宝殿后的这座大殿就是无梁殿，它建于明代，又名“七处九会殿”，取佛祖曾在七处讲经九次之意。又取“佛法无量”之意叫“无量殿”。
无量殿外观上看似欧式建筑，并且涂成白色，象征佛教净土与无限光明。整个大殿外观7间实为3间，外观2层实为1层，这是显通寺的第二大特色——全砖结构建筑。
无梁殿设计生动，结构奇特，外观是两层楼房，殿内是三间砖窑，中间大两边小。中间供释迦牟尼的报身像铜质卢舍那佛，左边是多宝佛塔，右边是药师佛。殿正面每层有七个阁洞，两侧各有五个，据说是僧人坐功的地方。殿两侧有夹墙，墙内有砖砌楼梯，上面走廊绕殿一周。据建筑学家鉴定，这座大殿有三个特点，一是设计生动；二是修建技术高超；三是结构坚固。这样富丽堂皇的建筑，充分反映了古代劳动人民的聪明才智。在无梁殿之后，是千钵文殊殿。殿虽小，但有五台山独一无二的极其珍贵的铜铸“千钵文殊像”。我们来看，这尊文殊像造型独特，垒叠着五个头型，胸前有六只大手，各持法器，其中有两只手捧着金钵，钵上端坐释迦牟尼坐像。身体两侧向四周伸出一千只手，每只手内有一钵，每只钵中都有释迦像，代表文殊菩萨智慧无边。这尊文殊像是明代铸造的在铜铸艺术中，可以说是珍品。无论手的形状或手中的钵体以及钵中佛像，铸造的细腻和造型的新颖，在全国这一类艺术品中是罕见的。
在显通寺，我们已见到了铜钟、千钵文殊等铜铸艺术的佳品。下面我们将看到的是显通寺铜铸艺术中最杰出的代表-----铜殿。人们说“显通、显通、十万铜”就是指它。大家看，前面高台上那座殿宇就是铜殿。
中国的冶炼铸造技术，在商周时期就领先于世界，陆续出土的精美的青铜器铸件，都有力的证明了中国古老文化的悠久历史。在中国广阔的大地上，留下了许多有极高艺术价值和学术价值的珍品，象显通寺铜殿如此规模巨大，铸造精美的作品在全国也是少见的。
据《清凉山志》记载：“明妙峰、名福登，发愿造渗金三大士像、并铜殿„„。三大名山之铜殿，亦登所亲制„„”。由此可见，妙峰法师曾铸三座铜殿，其一便是大家面前的铜殿。铸于明万历年间，据说是按照万历皇帝的意图铸造的。那么这铜殿和万历皇帝有什么关系呢？原来是万历的母亲李太后示意儿子修造一座铜殿，为百姓祈福，做点功德善事，以保大明江山万代传。由于是下令铸造，为了取“万”字的吉利，所以铸造此殿的铜来自全国一万家，共用铜十万斤，殿内铜壁上铸有小佛一万尊，意味着祝李太后万寿无疆。
大家看，铜殿规模不很大，但结构精巧，外观是两层楼，上层四面各有六扇门，下层四面各有八扇门，上面都铸有精美图案。
大家请走近仔细欣赏。您看这些花纹图案，它们把民间传统文学以及人们对美好生活的向往与佛教建筑完美的结合起来，这二龙戏珠、丹凤朝阳、牡丹出瓶、玉兔拜月、老鼠盗葡萄、狮子滚绣球等等，无一不精，无一不细，细到连老鼠胡须、牡丹花蕊也清晰可见。殿内主像是高约一米的铜铸文殊骑像，铸造精巧，栩栩如生。
中国古代建筑一惯讲究和谐统一。在铜殿前，原有五座铜塔，暗合东南西北中五台之数，它们与铜殿相辉映，形成一个和谐统一的铜铸艺术组合。在五座铜塔中，东西两座为明代原物。两座塔形相似，为八角十三层，小巧玲珑。高度相仿，高约二丈。也是我国铸造艺术的代表作。中间三座原为清代所铸，后毁坏了，现在三座是以后补铸的。
显通寺的铜殿和铜塔，毫不夸张地说，铸造艺术是空前的，价值是无法估量的。那优美的造型、完整的结构、巧妙的布局、宏伟的气魄、精巧的图案，无一不显示出我国古代劳动人民的高度艺术水平和智慧。因此，它们被列为五台山十景之一。
在铜殿后面，是中轴线上最后一座大殿——藏经殿，又叫后高殿，原是显通寺存放珍贵经书的地方。里面供奉甘露文殊和讲经说法八大论师。八十年代，这里曾做过文物陈列室。
第二篇：五台山显通寺英文导游词
city,shanxi province ,70km from wutai county town ,140km from xinzhou city town and 240km from taiyuan city in the southwest and 210km from datong in the north ,with a total area of about 2837sq.km.wutai mountain scenic spot area is situated in the region with taihuai town as center in the north part of wutai county ,with an area of 376sq.km.it is a national –level scenic spot area at nation level and a national class 4a tourist scenic spot area wutai mountain has peaks rising one higher than another and chain of mountains in stagger like a coiling dragon and crouching tiger.the whole mountain has more than 1100 varieties of plant and ,among them ,the wutai mountain mushroom is both the good food for eating and valuable drug and was determined as an article of tribute by an emperor in historywutai mountain is the highest mountainous land in north china region ,with the north platform top being at an altitude of 3058m above sea level and called “roof ridge of north china ”,wutai mountain had its name because it has five main peaks with flat and broad platforms.it has five called cool mountain by the buddhists believers and is one of the five main buddhist holy lands in the world and also a famous activity place of buddhism in china ,ranking first among the “four main buddhist famous mountains in china ,where often reside 1200 monks and nuns now ,from north wei to qing dynasty ,the emperors of the past dynasties all have arrived wutai mountain and the eminent monks and great teachers of wutai mountain came forth in large numbers ,these great teachers and grand masters in the history of chinese buddhism have made outstanding contributions for the buddhist culture of wutai mountain so that wutai mountain has become an institution for the overseas believers to study abroad and listen to scriptures and written down a brilliant historic volume of sino-foreign cultural exchange.www.xiexiebang.comwww.xiexiebang.com整理该文章，版权归原作者、原出处所有。wutai mountain is a treasure –house of ancient architecture of china ,where the cultural relics gather together and treasures come together in crowds.now , wutai mountain has 47 temples ,and among them are 4 national-level key cultural relic preservation units and nearly 20 are provincial –level key cultural relic preservation units.of the four wood –structure buildings of tang dynasty kept in shanxi ,two are in wutai mountain ,tang song ,liao ,jin ,yuan ,ming and qing dynasties ,and minguo all left behind large buildings of typical wood structure and this itself is a volume of vast and numerious ancient architectural history of china.wutai mountain has long cultural history and magnificent natural sight.in the temples of the whole mountain ate kept 17445 buddha statues ,224pieces of stone tablets, 58 pieces of horizontal boards, 7297 volumes of scriptures books in 928 cases,frescoes of 911sq.km and 1355 pieces of valuable cultural relics such as musical instruments used in buddhist mass and offering wares.all these are the valuable materials for studying the ancient history.science and culture and arts of china.wutai mountain was also renowned for the revolutionary base area.in the initial period of the war of resistance against japan, wutai mountain was the first base area of resistance against japan behind enemy’s lines in china and the birthplace of shanxi –chahar –hebei border area.in the years of revolutionary war ,the revolutionaries of old generation such as mao zedong ,zhou enlai ,liu shaoqi and zhu de and the international communist fighter batune fought and worked here.today ,what we will tour at first is xiantong temple ,xiantong temple is situated at the south foot of lingjiu peak in the central district of taihuai town and is one of five main mediation places of wutai mountain.it is also the leader temple most worshipped in the buddhist circle of wutai mountain.xiantong temple occupies a land of 43700sq.km and has 400 houses and 65 halls in total.it was initially built in the eleventh year of yongping period ,east han dynasty and has a history of nearly 2000 years to date.since the peak of posa top is very similar to the vulture peak of india(the place where sakyamuni taught scriptures of his disciples),it was named lingjiu temple after the name of the mountain later ming emperor of han dynasty added two characters “da fu”in chinese(meaning grandness and creditability)before “lingjiu temple ”so that the complete name of temple was dafu lingjiu temple.it was rebuilt in xiaowen emperor period of north wei dynasty and divided into 12 courtyards.it was also called garden temple because of the garden in front.later ,it war rebuilt once again by taizong emperor of tang dynasty and renamed great huayan temple by wu zetian because the newly translated huayan scriptures were collected here.it finally was granted a horizontal board “large xiantong temple ”by zhu yuanhang,the taizu emperor of ming dynasty[bell tower]bell tower is of two –storeyed and three-eave structure ,and on the beam in the tower is hung a bronze bell,the largest one in wutai mountain.such bell was called long ringing bell and also called nether world bell and cast in july of the forty-eighth year of wanly period ,ming dynasty.with a weight of up to 9999.5jin.[dragon and tiger tablet s]there is no heaven king hall but only two pieces of stone tablets in xiantong temple ,the dragon and tiger tablets we see now.these two tablets have the implied meaning that dragon and tiger is guarding the gate and there is no need to trouble the four main heaven kings.[front courtyard ]the tablet board “rosy clouds decorated heaven city” in gold characters on the top of gate was personally written by qinanlong emperor.in the hall are worshipped 3 statues of bodhisattvas ,with guanyin bodhisattva in the middle and wenshu bodhisattva and puxian bodhisattva on both sides separately ,so it was also called “three-main-scholar hall ” it was also called scripture collection hall because scripture books are fully placed on both sides.in each of the left and right tablet pavilions outside guanyin hall is a tablet.the two tablet pavilions are completely the same in size of tablet ,shape system and pattern, one piece engraved with “tablet inscription of xiantong temple personally written by emperor “ and the other being characterless and called characterless tablet.the stone tablets of wutain mountain are roughly divided into imperial tablet.official document tablet ,merits and virtues tablet ,event record keeping tablet ,poem and writing tablet ,tomb tablet and the special buddha foot tablet and characterless tablet.among the special characterless tablets at home ,three pieces are most attractive ,i e the first is the characterless tablet left on the top of taishan mountain for guarding against the six states after qinshi emperor defeated the six states;the second is the characterless tablet set up by wu zetian at qian tomb in xi’an ,meaning that merits and demerits as well as right and wrong would be left behind to the later generations to comment and no handwriting was left;the third is the characterless tablet we see just now ,which was set up by kangxi emperor.the characterless of the tablet seemed to praise that xiantong temple was so grand and magnificent and buddhism was so broad and profound that it was difficult to express them in written language.as record in “annals of cool mountain ”,under the two pieces of stone tablets were two circular water ponds.according to legend ,after kangxi arriving at wutai mountain at that time ,as soon as he entered xiantong temple he saw at far distance that the decorated arch on posa top looks like a big dragon-head.the two wood poles look like dragon horns ,and the 108 flight steps look like dragon tongues ,after entering xiantong temple ,kangxi asked at one the old buddhist abbot said just coincided with what kangxi saw ,the old buddhist abbot said that ,when the sun shines on the water ponds at noon ,there would appear two light rings on both sides of the decorated arch of posa top and posa top was just a live dragon.then,kangxi gave an order to let the monks of xiantong temple fill up the two water ponds and set up two pieces of stone tablets ,with one tablet bearing written language and the other characterless.[large wenshu hall]wutai mountain is the place where wenshu bodhisattva makes buddhist rites ,and in most of the temples were build wenshu hall.while the name of this wenshu hall was prefixed with a “large”, and such a word “large” contains 4 meanings;the first is that xingtong temple is the oldest temple in wutai mountain ‘the second is that xiantong temple is the temple with largest floor area among the temple of wutai mountain ‘the third is that xiantong temple is the temple most completely preserved in wutai mountain;the fourth is that the number of wenshu bodhisattva worshipped here is most(6 statues of wenshu bodhisattvas in total),so that it is called large wenshu hall ,since wenshu in 5 directions can be worshipped at the same time ,local people call it “convenient pilgrimage platform” [daxiong precious hall] daxiong precious hall was also called large buddha hall ,it is the main building in xiantong temple and also the center of the whole temple.in the hall is worshipped the horizontal buddha of the third generation.daxiong was the honorific title of sakyamuni, saying he was “a warrior fearing nothing ” the hall was built in the architectural form with the wood structure as primary part and the upper four –a-shaped roofs and lower four extending corridors as secondary ,with 108 wood columns supporting the whole large hall and the walls having only the function of shielding off the wind and resisting the cold ,when you enter the hall ,you will feel that it is very spacious.this hall occupies a land of 1.2 mu and is the largest daxiong precious hall in xutai mountain ,it is also the place for holding grand buddhist activities in the temple.this is the first feature of xiantong temple –complete wood structure.[beamless hall] beamless hall is a white complete-brick architectural structure.it was built by completely laying up bricks without use of beams and hence its name “beamless hall ” ,it looks like a european –style building in appearance and was painted white.white represents pureness in the west ,while symbolizes the buddhist pure land and boundless brightness here.since this hall is mot supported by beams and columns ,the weight of hall top is borne by the thick and heavy wall bodies on four sides ,to form a sharp contrast with form of emulating wood structure ,and the brick-laid round columns and dipper –like arches and carved extending raves embody typical combined chinese and west styles.the whole large hall seems to have 7 rooms when you are looking externally ,but actually it has only 3 rooms.it looks like having two floors when you are looking outdoors but ,internally , it is a one-storeyed building ,the interior of the hall adapted the form of internal dipper –like arch ,which is reduced floor by floor to form a roof style of natural vault.this large hall was built in the thirty –seventh year of wanly period , ming dynasty and has a history of nearly 400 years till now.this is the second feature of xiantong temple-architecture of complete brick structure.in the middle of hall is worshipped lushena buddha ,the body statue of the ancestor of buddha and stands duohao buddha pagoda ,the thirteen –storeyed wood pagoda of ming dynasty, which is also the only wood pagoda in wutai mountain.beamless hall was also caked “seven-place and nine-meeting hall”, which means that sakyamuni has taught scriptures in seven places for 9 times ,therefore ,it looks like having seven rooms.[thousand alms –bowl wenshu hall] the wenshu with one thousand alms bowls ,one thousand hands and one thousand sakyas worshipped in thousand alms –bowl hall may be rated a rare rush in the casting history.it was cast in the ninth year of wanly period ,ming dynasty through designing and financing fund s by hanshan himself ,a grand master of the age.[large bronze hall] large bronze hall is of world renown ,when you are looking externally ,you can find that it is of double eaves and lying –mountain top and divided into the upper and lower floors.on each of the four sides of upper floor are nounted 6 lattice-fans ,and on the upper and lower ends of each lattice-fan are carved and cast grass ,trees ,flowers and plants as well as birds and beasts.on each of the upper and lower parts of the four column and column base being one integrated mass and fixing the 100 thousand jin heavy bronze hall.the four sides of the upper floor of the bronze hall are surrounded by about 1m high rails.in both ends of the roof ridge of hall are cast separately two legendary animals appearing vividly to fly ,with a wind millstone and precious bottle in the middle ,the bronze hall looks like two floors in appearance but actually is only one room ,4.2m in row depth ,about 4.7m wide ,5m high and carved with 10 thousand statues of buddhas from inside ,therefore, somebody also called it ten-thousand –buddha hall.this hall was built by miaofeng ,the founder of a sect of buddhaism ,through begging alms of one wanly period.ming dynasty ,the saying “xiantong, xiantong, hundred-thousand-jin bronze” spread among the people originated from his behavior.since this hall was completely made of complete bronze by casting ,it embodies the third feature of xiantong temple –architecture of complete bronze structure.the first bronze pagodas and bronze halls were cast in one and the same period ,and represent the five orientations and five platform tops of wutai mountain.the middle three ones among them are ruined later while being supplementarily cast in recent years.[back high hall] behind the large bronze hall is back high hall situated in the highest position ,which was called scripture collection pavilion in the past.now ,here is worshipped sweet dew wenshu with a sweet dew bottle held in hand ,to mean that the sweet dew is sprinkled extensively.in the both flanks are eight grand expounding masters ,who were the buddhist grand master specially engaged in teaching and translating scripture texts.
第三篇：五台山显通寺英文导游词
city,shanxi province ,70km from wutai county town ,140km from xinzhou city town and 240km from taiyuan city in the southwest and 210km from datong in the north ,with a total area of about 2837sq.km.wutai mountain scenic spot area is situated in the region with taihuai town as center in the north part of wutai county ,with an area of 376sq.km.it is a national –level scenic spot area at nation level and a national class 4a tourist scenic spot area wutai mountain has peaks rising one higher than another and chain of mountains in stagger like a coiling dragon and crouching tiger.the whole mountain has more than 1100 varieties of plant and ,among them ,the wutai mountain mushroom is both the good food for eating and valuable drug and was determined as an article of tribute by an emperor in historywutai mountain is the highest mountainous land in north china region ,with the north platform top being at an altitude of 3058m above sea level and called “roof ridge of north china ”,wutai mountain had its name because it has five main peaks with flat and broad platforms.it has five called cool mountain by the buddhists believers and is one of the five main buddhist holy lands in the world and also a famous activity place of buddhism in china ,ranking first among the “four main buddhist famous mountains in china ,where often reside 1200 monks and nuns now ,from north wei to qing dynasty ,the emperors of the past dynasties all have arrived wutai mountain and the eminent monks and great teachers of wutai mountain came forth in large numbers ,these great teachers and grand masters in the history of chinese buddhism have made outstanding contributions for the buddhist culture of wutai mountain so that wutai mountain has become an institution for the overseas believers to study abroad and listen to scriptures and written down a brilliant historic volume of sino-foreign cultural exchange.www.xiexiebang.com第～范文网整理该文章，版权归原作者、原出处所有。wutai mountain is a treasure –house of ancient architecture of china ,where the cultural relics gather together and treasures come together in crowds.now , wutai mountain has 47 temples ,and among them are 4 national-level key cultural relic preservation units and nearly 20 are provincial –level key cultural relic preservation units.of the four wood –structure buildings of tang dynasty kept in shanxi ,two are in wutai mountain ,tang song ,liao ,jin ,yuan ,ming and qing dynasties ,and minguo all left behind large buildings of typical wood structure and this itself is a volume of vast and numerious ancient architectural history of china.wutai mountain has long cultural history and magnificent natural sight.in the temples of the whole mountain ate kept 17445 buddha statues ,224pieces of stone tablets, 58 pieces of horizontal boards, 7297 volumes of scriptures books in 928 cases,frescoes of 911sq.km and 1355 pieces of valuable cultural relics such as musical instruments used in buddhist mass and offering wares.all these are the valuable materials for studying the ancient history.science and culture and arts of china.wutai mountain was also renowned for the revolutionary base area.in the initial period of the war of resistance against japan, wutai mountain was the first base area of resistance against japan behind enemy’s lines in china and the birthplace of shanxi –chahar –hebei border area.in the years of revolutionary war ,the revolutionaries of old generation such as mao zedong ,zhou enlai ,liu shaoqi and zhu de and the international communist fighter batune fought and worked here.today ,what we will tour at first is xiantong temple ,xiantong temple is situated at the south foot of lingjiu peak in the central district of taihuai town and is one of five main mediation places of wutai mountain.it is also the leader temple most worshipp
ed in the buddhist circle of wutai mountain.xiantong temple occupies a land of 43700sq.km and has 400 houses and 65 halls in total.it was initially built in the eleventh year of yongping period ,east han dynasty and has a history of nearly 2000 years to date.since the peak of posa top is very similar to the vulture peak of india(the place where sakyamuni taught scriptures of his disciples),it was named lingjiu temple after the name of the mountain later ming emperor of han dynasty added two characters “da fu”in chinese(meaning grandness and creditability)before “lingjiu temple ”so that the complete name of temple was dafu lingjiu temple.it was rebuilt in xiaowen emperor period of north wei dynasty and divided into 12 courtyards.it was also called garden temple because of the garden in front.later ,it war rebuilt once again by taizong emperor of tang dynasty and renamed great huayan temple by wu zetian because the newly translated huayan scriptures were collected here.it finally was granted a horizontal board “large xiantong temple ”by zhu yuanhang,the taizu emperor of ming dynasty[bell tower]bell tower is of two –storeyed and three-eave structure ,and on the beam in the tower is hung a bronze bell,the largest one in wutai mountain.such bell was called long ringing bell and also called nether world bell and cast in july of the forty-eighth year of wanly period ,ming dynasty.with a weight of up to 9999.5jin.[dragon and tiger tablet s]there is no heaven king hall but only two pieces of stone tablets in xiantong temple ,the dragon and tiger tablets we see now.these two tablets have the implied meaning that dragon and tiger is guarding the gate and there is no need to trouble the four main heaven kings.[front courtyard ]the tablet board “rosy clouds decorated heaven city” in gold characters on the top of gate was personally written by qinanlong emperor.in the hall are worshipped 3 statues of bodhisattvas ,with guanyin bodhisattva in the middle and wenshu bodhisattva and puxian bodhisattva on both sides separately ,so it was also called “three-main-scholar hall ” it was also called scripture collection hall because scripture books are fully placed on both sides.in each of the left and right tablet pavilions outside guanyin hall is a tablet.the two tablet pavilions are completely the same in size of tablet ,shape system and pattern, one piece engraved with “tablet inscription of xiantong temple personally written by emperor “ and the other being characterless and called characterless tablet.the stone tablets of wutain mountain are roughly divided into imperial tablet.official document tablet ,merits and virtues tablet ,event record keeping tablet ,poem and writing tablet ,tomb tablet and the special buddha foot tablet and characterless tablet.among the special characterless tablets at home ,three pieces are most attractive ,i e the first is the characterless tablet left on the top of taishan mountain for guarding against the six states after qinshi emperor defeated the six states;the second is the characterless tablet set up by wu zetian at qian tomb in xi’an ,meaning that merits and demerits as well as right and wrong would be left behind to the later generations to comment and no handwriting was left;the third is the characterless tablet we see just now ,which was set up by kangxi emperor.the characterless of the tablet seemed to praise that xiantong temple was so grand and magnificent and buddhism was so broad and profound that it was difficult to express them in written language.as record in “annals of cool mountain ”,under the two pieces of stone tablets were two circular water ponds.according to legend ,after kangxi arriving at wutai mountain at that time ,as soon as he entered xiantong temple he saw at far distance that the decorated arch on posa top looks like a big dragon-head.the two wood poles look like dragon horns ,and the 108 flight steps look like dragon tongue
s ,after entering xiantong temple ,kangxi asked at one the old buddhist abbot said just coincided with what kangxi saw ,the old buddhist abbot said that ,when the sun shines on the water ponds at noon ,there would appear two light rings on both sides of the decorated arch of posa top and posa top was just a live dragon.then,kangxi gave an order to let the monks of xiantong temple fill up the two water ponds and set up two pieces of stone tablets ,with one tablet bearing written language and the other characterless.[large wenshu hall]wutai mountain is the place where wenshu bodhisattva makes buddhist rites ,and in most of the temples were build wenshu hall.while the name of this wenshu hall was prefixed with a “large”, and such a word “large” contains 4 meanings;the first is that xingtong temple is the oldest temple in wutai mountain ‘the second is that xiantong temple is the temple with largest floor area among the temple of wutai mountain ‘the third is that xiantong temple is the temple most completely preserved in wutai mountain;the fourth is that the number of wenshu bodhisattva worshipped here is most(6 statues of wenshu bodhisattvas in total),so that it is called large wenshu hall ,since wenshu in 5 directions can be worshipped at the same time ,local people call it “convenient pilgrimage platform” [daxiong precious hall] daxiong precious hall was also called large buddha hall ,it is the main building in xiantong temple and also the center of the whole temple.in the hall is worshipped the horizontal buddha of the third generation.daxiong was the honorific title of sakyamuni, saying he was “a warrior fearing nothing ” the hall was built in the architectural form with the wood structure as primary part and the upper four –a-shaped roofs and lower four extending corridors as secondary ,with 108 wood columns supporting the whole large hall and the walls having only the function of shielding off the wind and resisting the cold ,when you enter the hall ,you will feel that it is very spacious.this hall occupies a land of 1.2 mu and is the largest daxiong precious hall in xutai mountain ,it is also the place for holding grand buddhist activities in the temple.this is the first feature of xiantong temple –complete wood structure.[beamless hall] beamless hall is a white complete-brick architectural structure.it was built by completely laying up bricks without use of beams and hence its name “beamless hall ” ,it looks like a european –style building in appearance and was painted white.white represents pureness in the west ,while symbolizes the buddhist pure land and boundless brightness here.since this hall is mot supported by beams and columns ,the weight of hall top is borne by the thick and heavy wall bodies on four sides ,to form a sharp contrast with form of emulating wood structure ,and the brick-laid round columns and dipper –like arches and carved extending raves embody typical combined chinese and west styles.the whole large hall seems to have 7 rooms when you are looking externally ,but actually it has only 3 rooms.it looks like having two floors when you are looking outdoors but ,internally , it is a one-storeyed building ,the interior of the hall adapted the form of internal dipper –like arch ,which is reduced floor by floor to form a roof style of natural vault.this large hall was built in the thirty –seventh year of wanly period , ming dynasty and has a history of nearly 400 years till now.this is the second feature of xiantong temple-architecture of complete brick structure.in the middle of hall is worshipped lushena buddha ,the body statue of the ancestor of buddha and stands duohao buddha pagoda ,the thirteen –storeyed wood pagoda of ming dynasty, which is also the only wood pagoda in wutai mountain.beamless hall was also caked “seven-place and nine-
meeting hall”, which means that sakyamuni has taught scriptures in seven places for 9 times ,therefore ,it looks like having seven rooms.[thousand alms –bowl wenshu hall] the wenshu with one thousand alms bowls ,one thousand hands and one thousand sakyas worshipped in thousand alms –bowl hall may be rated a rare rush in the casting history.it was cast in the ninth year of wanly period ,ming dynasty through designing and financing fund s by hanshan himself ,a grand master of the age.[large bronze hall] large bronze hall is of world renown ,when you are looking externally ,you can find that it is of double eaves and lying –mountain top and divided into the upper and lower floors.on each of the four sides of upper floor are nounted 6 lattice-fans ,and on the upper and lower ends of each lattice-fan are carved and cast grass ,trees ,flowers and plants as well as birds and beasts.on each of the upper and lower parts of the four column and column base being one integrated mass and fixing the 100 thousand jin heavy bronze hall.the four sides of the upper floor of the bronze hall are surrounded by about 1m high rails.in both ends of the roof ridge of hall are cast separately two legendary animals appearing vividly to fly ,with a wind millstone and precious bottle in the middle ,the bronze hall looks like two floors in appearance but actually is only one room ,4.2m in row depth ,about 4.7m wide ,5m high and carved with 10 thousand statues of buddhas from inside ,therefore, somebody also called it ten-thousand –buddha hall.this hall was built by miaofeng ,the founder of a sect of buddhaism ,through begging alms of one wanly period.ming dynasty ,the saying “xiantong, xiantong, hundred-thousand-jin bronze” spread among the people originated from his behavior.since this hall was completely made of complete bronze by casting ,it embodies the third feature of xiantong temple –architecture of complete bronze structure.the first bronze pagodas and bronze halls were cast in one and the same period ,and represent the five orientations and five platform tops of wutai mountain.the middle three ones among them are ruined later while being supplementarily cast in recent years.[back high hall] behind the large bronze hall is back high hall situated in the highest position ,which was called scripture collection pavilion in the past.now ,here is worshipped sweet dew wenshu with a sweet dew bottle held in hand ,to mean that the sweet dew is sprinkled extensively.in the both flanks are eight grand expounding masters ,who were the buddhist grand master specially engaged in teaching and translating scripture texts.
第四篇：五台山显通寺英文导游词
mount wutai nominated world heritage sites：mount wutai, is constituted by two parts:taihuai core area geographic coordinate is n39°e113°,and foguang temple core area geographic coordinate is n38°e113°, the core area is 18415 hectares and the buffer zone area is 42312 hectares.世界遗产提名地：五台山，由两部分组成：台怀核心区和佛光寺核心区，核心区面积18415公顷，缓冲区42312公顷。located in wutai county of xinzhou city the northeastern of shanxi province china.位于中国山西省东北部忻州市五台县境内。
is made of the oldest stratum in the world which is more than 2.5 billion years.由大于25亿年的世界古老地层构成
it has 5 peaks in north south east west and center, the peak is 3061 meters above sea level which is called as “the ridge of northern china”
有东西南北中五座山峰，最高峰3061米，被誉为“华北屋脊”
mount wutai has a magnificent natural landscape and a rich geological heritage, 五台山自然景观奇伟瑰丽，地质遗产丰富
its unique palaeotectonic relics, rare periglacial and glacier land form, 其独特的古地质构造遗迹，稀有的冰原冰川地貌景观 and valuable species and ecological resources, 珍贵物种和生态资源
serves as a typical evidence of an important period in the history of earth evolution.使其成为代表地球演变史重要阶段的典型例证
the age of various rock units of granite and greenstone belts in mount wutai is around 2.6 to 2.5 billion years, 五台山花岗岩~绿岩带的年龄在26至25亿年 and it’s exposed in the great height difference of the new generation of mountains and valleys, 并且出露于高差巨大的新生代山脉和山谷内
various levels of rocks exposed to surface.各种层次岩石组成良好出露地表
and it has time continuity and irreplaceability in geological time.在地质时代上具有时间的连续性和不可替代性
the displayed rich geological phenomenon is irreplaceability in the world.所展示的丰富地质现象在世界范围内也具有不可替代性
campared with those well known mountains around the world its long history of geological evolution is very rare, 其漫长的地质演化史在世界著名山峰中非常罕见 and it became field visit location in many international geological conferences and is the classic geological research area in china.成为多次地质会议的考察地及中国经典的地质研究地区
the granite-greenstone belt of mount wutai also led to the formation of typical neoarchean collision orogenic belts, 五台山花岗岩~绿岩带构成典型的新太古代碰撞造山带
it fully revealing the early collision orogen structure sectionand different levels of crustal, 完整展示出早期碰撞造山带构造剖面及不同地壳层次
and has typical geological evolution significance.具有典型的地质演化意义 therefore ,mount wutai is key evidence for studies of the archean plate tectonics and the collision orogenic belts.是研究太古宙板块构造与碰撞造山带的关键例证 the geochronological boundary of the archean and proterozoic eons, is considered as the most important geological events in tectonic evolution.太古宙到远古宙界限被认为是地壳演化史上最重要的地质事件
during this period, the earth has undergone profound changes.地球在这一时期发生了深刻变化
mount wutai reserve many unconformities interface before and after 2.5 billion years, 五台山保留有多个25亿年前后的不整个界面
and has clear lines of demarcation between different stages of geological evolution, 具有明显的地质演化阶段性 it’s also involving the radical environmental changes of continental extensions after the end of the collision orogeny(2.5billion years).涉及典型板块碰撞造山结束，向板内伸展环境的剧烈变化
they provide sound conditions for setting off the boundaries of the archean and proterozoic eons, 非常有利于划分太古宙~远古宙界限
and is typical area for establishing the archean proterozoic boundary before 2.5 billion years.是建立太古宙~远古宙界限的典型地区
具有全球地质对比价值
五台山保留完整的古元古代地层记录（2.5~1.9亿年）there are well-preserved early weathering crusts, ancient red bed as well as rich records of stromatolites in the stratigraphic sections.地层剖面保留了早期古风化壳、古红层及异常丰富的叠层石记录
there is a rich reserve of paleofloral fossils in the doucun subgroup of mount wutai, 五台山豆村带群中发现了丰富的古植物化石 and they are the earliest china’s eukaryotic organisms before 2.4 billion years, 并有中国已知最古老的真壳生物化石（24亿年前）
it’s 600-700 million years earlier than the previously acclaimed oldest eukaryotic fossil record.比先前认为的最古老真壳生物化石记录早6至7亿年
in this regard mount wutai is valuable to the understanding of earlier evolution of life.对认识早期生命演化具有重要价值
与东亚其他古夷体面相比
mount wutai is a typhical example of the cenozoic continental extension and of the fault block orogeny.五台山为早期寒武纪地壳中新生代伸展、断块造山活动的典型代表
there is several thousand meters of altitude differerce between the top of ancient razed plane and the buried deep of the sedimentary basins of north china which is very rare in east asia.其台顶古夷平面与华北断陷盆地中深埋夷平面之间达到数千米的高差，在整个东亚非常罕见
成为中国北方地形演化研究对比的最重要标志，也是中国北方最古老的山地夷平面 in this sense, mount wutai has typhical significance to the entire east asia region, 在整个东亚地区具有典型的代表意义
and being an important example to the cenozoic extensional tectonic evolution, and the basin and mountain relationship in the east part of the asia continent.是亚洲大陆东部新生代伸展构造演化及其盆地作用的重要例证
the time-honored buddhism cultural continuity, the glorious artistic achievements, 五台山其历史久远的佛教文化传承，灿烂恢宏的艺术成就
恢宏壮观的佛教古寺庙建筑群等深厚的文化积淀
makes mount wutai occupied an important position in china and the world buddhism development.使五台山在中国和世界佛教发展的历史长河中占据了极其重要的地位
成为持续1600余年的佛教文殊信仰中心
it is the most recognized buddhism mountain in china and is considered as one of the five buddhism holy land in the world.位居中国四大佛教名山之首，世界五大佛教圣地之一
the buddhist buildings at mount wutai is the world leading in terms of the long time span and the large scgle, and are among the best in the world.五台山佛教建筑群无论时间跨度之长还是规模之宏大，都在世界范围内首屈一指
in its 15 centuries’ development, mount wutai gradually formed ambitious buddhist buildings.五台山在长达15个世纪的发展中，逐渐形成了宏大的佛教建筑群
in terms of the size the temple buildings here are virtually matchless no matter in china or in the world.其寺庙建筑的规模不论在中国还是在世界上都是鲜有的 during the northern qi period(ad551-557)there had been more than 200 temples, and the figure rose to over 360 in the prime time of tang dynasty(ad618-907).北齐时，五台山就有寺庙200多座，唐代最多是达360余座
so far, mount wutai still reserve 68 temples and over 150 pagodas built in seven differert dynasties since tang.至今，五台山仍保存有唐以来7个朝代的寺庙68座，佛塔150余座
these temples are vary in size and architectural configuration.这些寺庙规模大小不一，形制布局各有特色
for instance, with over 400 halls, pavilions and monks’abodes, the xiantong temple is known for its extension of space and all buildings here look grand.如显通寺，寺宇开阔，殿宇宏伟，计有殿堂楼阁，禅房僧舍等400余间 the bishan temple consists of 3-bay courtyards with a total number of 108 assembly and meditation halls.碧山寺为三进院落，计有殿堂禅堂108间，within the 1123-hectare boundary of the taihuai proposed core zone,而在五台山台怀寺庙集中区仅仅11.23平方千米的范围内
there are 24 temples and the number of singular buildings are countless.就分布着寺庙24座，其中的单体建筑更是数不胜数
together, these buildings constitute a sizable grand simple,yet sublime temple ensemble in harmony with the nature.形成了一个规模庞大，宏伟壮观，古朴庄严，与自然环境和谐一致的寺庙建筑群 mount wutai is a nominated heritage site where coexist the holy objects of the han and tibetan buddhism which bearing witness to the seamless blend of the han and tibetan cultures.五台山是汉藏佛教物质遗存共存的遗产提名地，汉藏文化融汇无痕
mount wutai is one of the four most famous sacred places of buuhism in china and the meeting point of the han and tibetan buddhism.五台山不仅是中国佛教四大名山之一，而且也是汉藏佛教汇集之地
自藏传佛教传入五台以来，这里就成为藏传佛教在中原内地的重要发展中心
五台山藏传佛教也因之成为连接中央和蒙藏地方关系的纽带
and an important bridge for cultural exchanges between the han, tibetan, mongolian people.以及汉藏蒙等民族文化交流的桥梁
historically, mount wutai has helped generations of monarchs in the solution of the problems related to different ethnic groups.历史上，五台山也在中央统治者处理民族宗教问题中发挥着重要作用
at the prime time of qing dynasty there were 122 temples and monasteries at mount wutai, 在清代鼎盛时期，五台山共有青黄庙122座
in which 25 temples are following the tibetan buddhism and 97 are following the han buddhism.其中黄庙25座，青庙97座
up to now, there are 7 tibetan lamaseries existent, and more than 40 han buddhism monasteries existent within the circle formed by the five terracess.至今，台内古建筑群中仍遗存着大规模黄庙7座，青庙40余座
mount wutai has played an active role in the fusion and development of the han and tibetan buddhism.五台山在汉藏佛教的融合与发展方面起到了非常重要的积极作用 like other similar heritage site it has contributed greatly to the development of the buddhist culture.与其他类似遗产地一样，为佛教文化的发展做出了突出的贡献
mount wutai is the center of manjusri worship in the world of buddhism, 五台山是世界佛教的文殊信仰中心
it is recorded in the “avatamsaka sutra” translated in the jin dynasty that mount wutai is the bodhimanda of manjusri.据佛教华严经记载，五台山是文殊菩萨的道场
the establishment and the spread of manjusri worshipat at mount wutai converted it into the no.1 of the four buddhist sacred mountains in china in the middle of the tang dynasty.五台山文殊信仰的确立和推广使五台山在唐代中叶就成了中国佛教四大名山之首，中国佛教的首府，与印度灵鹫山争俊的佛教圣地
in the past 1000 years mount wutai has gone beyond the limitations of regions nationalities religious sects, 在一千多年间，五台山超越了地区和民族，超越了不同教派
超越了朝代更迭，超越了君主和平民香客的界限
成为至今仍产生深刻影响的文殊信仰中心
mount wutai has a unique status in the chinese art history as with the great achievements attained in the sculpture and mural arts, 五台山在中国美术史上地位杰出
it is an outstanding example of the localization of the buddhist art in china.是佛教艺术中国化的理想实物例证
many world heritage sites in china embody high artistic value.the artistic achievements of these heritage sites represent the creative genius of human beings.in terms of the category, the buddhist statues and murals of mount wutai belong to the temple building’s art, 从类型来看，五台山的佛教雕塑与壁画属于寺观建筑类 mount wutai represent the coexistence of the tibetan and han buddhist art.代表了汉藏并存的佛教艺术成就
从数量来看，五台山作为中国著名的佛教圣地，自东汉年间建寺造像以来，历久不衰 now mount wutai holds variety of clay sculptures, wood carvigs, stone carvigs, metal foundry ,gauze, porcelain, embroidery, painting and other artworks.保存有泥塑，木雕，石刻，金属铸像，脱纱，烧瓷，刺绣，绘画等诸多种类的造像艺术作品
the huge number of buddhist shrines in china is in the second to none.其数量之庞大，在中国佛教圣地中首屈一指
mount wutai is the most typical royal bodhimanda in china, 五台山是最典型的中国皇家道场
among the four buddhist sacred mountains in china mount wutai has maintained the closest link with xi’an, luoyang, kaifeng, beijing and other places of the central power.中国佛教四大名山中，五台山与历代中央集权帝都西安，洛阳，开封，北京等联系最为紧密
besides the political center it turns into the holiest royal bodhimanda for over 1000 years.这使她在一千多年间，实际成为政治中心以外最具神圣地位的皇家道场
mount wutai reflects the relations between generations of the ruling class with buddhism, 反映了历朝历代统治阶级与佛教的渊源关系篇二：山西省：显通寺导游词一
大家好，我是导游..。今天，有幸能和您在这佛国胜地相逢，是我们的缘份。这次由我陪大家一起游览五台山著名的古刹显通寺，我感到非常高兴，希望通过我的讲解和服务，能使您对显通寺留下深刻印象，对这次游览能有一个美好的回忆。
我们将要参观游览的显通寺，位于台怀镇寺庙群，它的前身是“大孚灵鹫寺”，最早建于东汉永平年间，距今已经有近两千年的历史了。在两千年的风风雨雨中，显通寺几经修整重建。北魏扩建显通寺时，设置了十二院，并设有专门的塔院，结构比较松散，体现了宋元以前寺院以佛塔和钟楼为主建筑群。布局较为随便自然的风格，现在的显通寺，即以前十二院中的善住院，是明清时的建筑和格局。寺内古树参天，香烟缭绕，占地4.37万平方米，有房屋殿宇四百多。中轴线上七座大殿，或雄伟庄严，或精巧玲珑，相互辉映。东西廊房对称配合，总体色彩华丽典雅，带有宫廷建筑的特点，体现了明清时寺院布局严谨、富丽庄重的风格，是明清时庙宇建筑的典型。
这座幽幽古刹是目前五台山规模最大，历史最悠久的寺院，是五台山五大禅处、十大青庙之
一。明永乐三年，在此设“都纲司”，使它成为五台山青庙的首领庙。历代文人墨客在这里留下了许多著名诗句，如“五月行踪入大孚，万松如剪雪平铺。??炉烟经卷停云阁，不信人间有画图。”（引自文物出版社出版的《五台山》第7页）等。国务院在1982年把显通寺列为国家级重点文物保护单位。
我们将要参观的重点是显通寺的钟楼，以及中轴线上的一系列建筑。我们在显通寺将游览一个小时，之后我们在钟楼下集中。
前面这座高大的建筑就是显通寺钟楼，它建于明代，是显通寺较早的一处建筑。它的下层是一个石旋洞，是通往显通寺的要道。上层是高大的木结构钟楼，为两层三檐庑廊式结构，上承十字顶，脊顶四端有四个雕刻精巧的龙头。我们往上看，廊柱飞檐，交相辉映，十分壮观。从上面远眺，层层山峦，簇簇寺庙，历历在目，使人心胸开阔，大有“欲穷千里目，更上一层楼”的感觉。
细心的游客可能已经看到钟楼上“震悟大千”这四个字了，“大千”即“大千世界”，是佛教用语的“三千大千世界”的简称，指广阔无边的世界。“震悟大千”的意思是说佛法无边，在佛祖释迦牟尼的教化和感召下，整个大千世界都震悟觉醒了。
既然叫钟楼，那一定离不了钟，现在我们上楼去看五台山最大的一口铜钟。
这口钟叫“幽冥钟”，又叫“长命钟”，是明万历四十八年铸造的，重达万斤，因要避讳“万岁”的“万”字，实际只有9999.5斤。钟口边缘呈波浪形，颜色呈暗褐色，敲钟时发出深沉圆润、深厚宏亮的声音，顺风可传十多里，余音达几分钟。
在没有现代先进技术的古代，要铸造这样的一口巨钟，实在不是一件容易的事情。铸造时，采用我国历史上铸造技术要求最高的传统工艺——无模铸造，即“泥坑法”（引自中国旅游出版社出版的《五台山导游》第17页）。巨钟的铸造，充分反映了我国古代劳动人民的高度智慧和创造才能。
显通寺的铜钟，不仅是古代铸造技术的代表作，而且赋予了它浓厚的佛教文化色彩，它不同于我国民间讲的“晨钟暮鼓”之钟。关于敲钟就很有讲究。
大家都知道“做一天和尚撞一天钟”这句话，它已成为“得过且过”的代名词。因为在许多人看来，撞钟很简单，到时辰敲几下就可混过一天，既不用动脑子，又不多花力气。这实际上是对佛门职事僧工作的误解。撞钟时，要撞出轻重缓急的节奏，钟声要抑扬顿挫，传的远还要回荡不息，要撞出具有五台山特色的钟声和佛教乐理的神秘。早晚两次撞钟，要紧七下、慢八下，不紧不慢二十下，这是一通，重复三次，共撞105下，最后在撞三下，前后共108 下。撞钟时还要念固定的佛经。
大家都知道张继的诗“姑苏城外寒山寺，夜半钟声到客船”，诗中寒山寺钟声之所以著名，不仅是因为夜半钟声，更在于必须在二十分钟内敲完108下，而且最后一下，要敲在夜半十二点正，不能提前或推后一秒。可以想象，如此纯熟的撞钟功夫，是“冰冻三尺非一日之寒”。据说敲完钟的和尚都有“钟行汗步出钟楼，犹如卸下千斤担”之感。由此可见撞钟绝非易事，来不得半点虚假，就和我们做人一样，要实实在在。
此外，钟的外表刻有一部楷书佛经，共一万多字，字迹端正清晰，可惜我们现在看不到这些铸字了。大家看，这口钟里里外外已被成千上万的纸条遮挡住了。为什么在钟上贴这么多纸条呢？有这样一种说法：有威望的和尚圆寂后，要把他的名字贴在钟上，然后把钟敲响，与钟长鸣，好象在通知西方极乐世界，又一位高僧往生极乐了。现在，人们为了求得佛祖保佑，也把自己或亲朋好友的名字贴在钟上，然后把钟敲响，不过贴名字还有个讲究，为死去的人祈求平安要贴在钟内，为活着的人祈求幸福要贴在钟外。如果您有兴趣，可千万别贴错啊。好了，各位游客，参观完这口巨钟，让我们一起步入古树幽幽的显通寺内院游览。
大家请跟我来，从这儿进去，我们将参观中轴上观音殿、大文殊殿等七座大殿。在这里，我要请大家想一想，我们讲过，寺院第一座大殿一般是天王殿，供四大天王以守护寺院，为什么显通寺第一座大殿不是天王殿呢？听完我的讲解，您自然会明白。
明代以前，现在的显通寺和前面的塔院寺原本是一座寺庙，天王殿在最前面，明成祖永乐五年（1047），分为现在塔院寺和显通寺两处庙宇，显通寺就没有天王殿了，但一个寺又不能没有守护神，于是在两侧立了两块石碑，大家看，一边是“龙”，一边是“虎”，用“龙”“虎”代替四大天王守护寺院，名叫“有龙虎把门，不用四大天王劳驾”。
中轴线上第一座大殿叫观音殿，因在最南端，所以又叫南殿。旧时，寺院举行的赈济水陆生灵的水陆法会道场也设在这儿，故又称水陆殿。殿内供奉观世音、文殊、普贤三大士，观音居中，殿两侧是护法天神。
观音菩萨，虽然在佛国世界中并非首脑，但她却是中国善男信女们最崇拜的对象，因为她大慈大悲，救苦救难，符合老百姓朴素的为人心理。
我们都知道，声音要听，景物要看，而观音菩萨的名字却很有意思，叫“观世音”，即看世间声音。其实不难理解，观音菩萨法力高强，六根圆通，当然可以“观世间声音”，这“观”，不是用眼，而是用智慧观世间疾苦，以解救芸芸众生。
五台山是文殊菩萨的道场，许多寺庙内都有专门的文殊殿，显通寺也是如此。前面这座大殿便是大文殊殿。1 2篇三：五台山导游词
五台山导游词
游客们大家好
五台山位于山西省东北部，忻州地区五台县，距太原240公里，是我国著名的四大佛教名山之首，以天下第一佛教名山享誉中外，有此殊荣，一是，这里是我国最早建寺的地区之一，而且从古至今，这里的寺僧在规模上都是第一；二是，佛典有记载，这里是佛教四大菩萨之首文殊菩萨的道场；三是，历朝历代，凡信奉佛教的帝王，都特别关注这里，这里是我国唯一的青庙和黄庙共生荣的佛教圣地。
五台山是我国著名的四大名山之一，也是一个融自然风光，历史文物，古建，艺术，佛教文化为一体的旅游区。“五百里道长风风雨雨，依然日出东台。月挂西峰，花放南山，雪霁北巅。两千年香火断断续续，又是晨钟悠扬，晚罄清澈，香烟缭绕，胜幡翩跹。”写出了五台山的悠久历史和奇异风光。
今天我们要参观的是显通寺，在五台山寺院当中，显通寺的规模最大，历史最古和洛阳的白马寺同为中国最早的寺庙，是五台山佛教界最为尊崇的领袖寺庙。
首先，我们看到的是钟楼，这是五台山最大的一口铜钟——长鸣钟，重达9999.5斤。
显通寺没有天王殿，只有两通石碑，就是我们现在看到的龙虎二碑，此二碑寓意为龙虎把门，不劳驾四大天王。
显通寺，占地120亩，殿堂楼舍400多间，正院内中轴线排列七座大殿，依次为：观音殿，大文殊殿，大雄宝殿，无量殿，千钵文殊殿，铜殿和后高殿。
现在我们来到了观音殿,殿内供奉着三尊菩萨.中间为观音菩萨,两边分别为文殊菩萨和普贤菩萨,所以又叫”三大士殿”.由于两侧摆满了经书,故也称藏经殿.参观完了观音殿,我们就来到了,大文殊殿,五台山是文殊菩萨的道场,寺庙中大都建有文殊殿,而这座文殊殿却加了个”大”字,这个大字有四层含义:显通寺是五台山最古老的寺院,是五台山寺院中建筑面积最大之一,是五台山保存最完整之一,是供奉文殊菩萨最多的文殊殿,由于在这里可以同时拜到五方文殊,当地人称其为方便朝台.好,现在我们去全寺的中心,显通寺的重要建筑,大雄宝殿,它是五台山殿宇之最,重顶飞檐,巍峨宽大,占地一亩二分,里面供奉横三世佛.中间为婆娑世界的释迦牟尼,左侧为东方净琉璃世界的药师佛,右侧是西方极乐世界的阿弥陀佛;大雄宝殿即释迦牟尼的尊称,寓意像大勇士一样,英勇无畏,无畏一切,殿堂采用108根木柱支撑整个大殿,进到大殿感到十分宽敞,此殿,是五台山最大的大雄宝
殿,也是寺里举办盛大佛事活动的场所
这是显通寺的第一大特色---------全木结构
现在我们眼前的这座白色全砖建筑是无梁?量?殿,由于它全部用砖垒砌而成.没有用梁柱,所以叫无梁殿,又因为它代表的是佛法的无量,所以我们称之为无量殿,从外观看,似欧洲建筑,并且涂成了白色,白色在西方代表纯洁,在这里象征佛教的无限光明。整个大殿从外看是7间，实际为3间，外观2层，内为1层。殿内中间供奉佛祖的抱身像卢舍纳佛，体现修成正果而得到佛境的光明智慧。
无梁殿又叫七处九会殿，取释迦牟尼曾在7处讲经9次之意，所以外观7间，这座大殿建于明万历年间，距今有近400年的历史了。此殿没有梁柱支撑，殿顶的重量由四周厚重的墙体支撑
这是显通寺的第二大特色---------全砖结构
建筑穿过供奉有千钵，千手，千释迦的千钵文殊殿，我们就来到了铜殿。此殿是我国仅有的三座铜殿之一，小巧精致，殿内中这尊铜铸的文殊坐狮像，造型美丽，四壁上的铜铸小佛琳琅满目，有万尊之多，故也有人称之为万佛殿，此殿是明万历年间，妙峰祖师化缘十万斤铜所造，民间所流传“显通，显通，十万斤铜”，就是由此而来。
此殿也是显通寺的第三大特色--------------全铜结构建筑
现在是自由活动的时间了，大家可以尝尝原平的锅魁，莜面窝窝，高粱面鱼鱼，还有味道鲜美，营养价值高得台蘑，可以看看在民间流传了300年，具有山西黄土文化特色的剪纸，也看看形制美观的澄泥砚。
第五篇：五台山塔院寺导游词
塔院寺
塔院寺位于五台山佛教中心区台怀镇，原是大华严寺的塔院。明成祖永乐五年(1407年)扩充建寺，改用今名，是五台山五大禅林之
一、青庙十大寺之一。塔院寺座北朝南，由横列的殿院和禅堂僧舍组成。塔院寺现为全国重点寺院。
五台山上百座的佛教寺院中，有一塔高耸入云、蔚为壮观，这就是五台山的标志性建筑，坐落于塔院寺中的——“大白塔”，寺以塔名，颇为得体，尽得风流。
据《山西省佛教名胜》记载，五台山佛教中心区台怀镇，有一座高耸入云、洁白浑圆的巨大佛塔——大白塔，它是五台山的象征，被赞誉为“清凉第一胜境”。塔院寺原为大华严寺（现大显通寺）的附属院落——“塔院”，明朝万历七年至十年，对寺院的殿宇进行了改建，独立起寺与显通寺分开，取名为塔院寺。因寺院中有释迦牟尼舍利塔、佛足迹图碑和五台山当地教主文殊菩萨发塔，被佛教信徒视为佛家圣地。
我们从南正门进院，过天王殿便进入殿堂院或称塔院。与天王殿相对的这座大殿一般寺院都称大雄宝殿，而这里却叫做大慈延寿宝殿，这是为了和大慈延寿宝塔即大白塔相一致。内供华严三圣，中间为释迦牟尼佛，两旁为文殊菩萨和普贤菩萨及十八罗汉。该殿是寺院僧人敬香诵经、举行佛事活动的主要场所。
五台山塔式建筑，就其建筑年代、建筑规模、建筑形式、建筑材料而言，都称得上是中国现存塔建中类型较多的地区之一。在众多的佛塔中，首数塔院寺大白塔最为著名，其它诸塔，如同众星捧月一般，簇拥着它。
大白塔全称：释迦文佛真身舍利宝塔，又叫大慈延寿宝塔。始建年代难以确考，据《清凉山志》记载，此塔在汉明帝以前就已存在。
大殿北侧与大慈延寿宝塔相接。大白塔按佛家正统说法是佛舍利塔。佛经记载：公元前486年，释迦牟尼佛灭度，其佛体炼就84000颗舍利子(舍利梵文Sarira的音译)，古印度孔雀王朝阿育王用五金七宝铸成了84000座佛舍利塔，分布于茫茫大千世界，每座塔内藏一颗舍利子，中国有19座，五台山独得其一，称之为“慈寿塔”，藏于现存大白塔腹内。现在这座藏式大白塔建于明代万历年间，由须弥座、塔身、塔刹三部分构成，通高56．4米，其中铜质塔刹高4．43米，塔身高50．27米，须弥座高1．7米。塔身四周，遍挂风铃，共有252个，每遇风来，铃声悠扬，与寺院内的钟声、木鱼声、诵经唱诗声相互呼应，无疑是一曲佛国交响乐，令人神往。大塔下层四围筑有木栅栏，栏内可供僧众和游人附塔绕行。在大白塔底座的一个碹洞里立有释迎牟尼佛足碑，刻在石碑上的佛足印，长53厘米，宽20厘米，足心有千辐轮相和宝瓶鱼剑图。相传，佛足印为释迦牟尼涅盘之时留下，谁见到这足印并瞻礼供养就能消除灾难。唐僧到印度取经时，把佛足拓印下来带回，先是唐太宗下令将佛足刻在石上立于宗庙，后来五台山建大白塔时，有人携图敬献，刻在碑上，供僧人香客顶礼膜拜。
塔基四角建有四个小亭，在小亭的衬托下，使大白塔显得更加壮丽美观。环绕塔基造有可避风雨的长廊，大白塔的下层是个殿，俗称塔殿，殿内供奉着文殊、观世音、普贤、地藏四菩萨和一尊释迦佛像。大白塔下置放有喇嘛寺院祈祷、诵经的法轮一百二十七个，又名转经筒。其中大的有四个，分布于东西南北四个方位，小的一百二十三个，环绕在塔身下方。法轮呈园桶形，转动自如，在每个法轮上都刻有“唵嘛呢叭咪吽”六字真言，也被称为“六字大明咒”。《大乘庄严宝王经》说，“若此六字大明咒，着于身、触于手、藏于家或书于门，即能逢凶化吉，遇难呈祥。据说，来人口念六字真言，并用右手依次转动这一百二十个法轮一圈后，便可以消灾除难，再转动其中一个大的法轮九圈后，就可以功德圆满了。
现在我们所看到的就是大藏经阁。闻名遐迩的“转轮藏”就设置在这座大殿内。大家看，“转轮藏”是木质经架，六角二十一层，高十米有余，上大下小。最下层底下设有转盘，人力推动，运转自如，设计别出心裁，独具匠心。庙内僧人称它“法幢世界”。这里还有两种说法：第一种取意“法轮常转，自动不息”能把众生一切罪孽推碾干净。第二种，说转藏轮上藏有无数经书，每转动一次，如同又念诵了一遍经典，能使人免去一切罪孽。
塔院东面是禅堂院，为僧人居住之地。1948年毛泽东、周恩来东渡黄河，进军河北路经五台山，曾在此院下榻，现在这里已经辟为毛主席路居纪念馆。
禅堂院东侧是文殊发塔院，建有一座小白塔，高约7米。相传，在某—年的大法会期间，当斋饭的钟声响过，人们向塔院寺涌来，有一个衣衫破烂的女人，怀里抱着一个婴孩，手里拎着一个小孩，身后跟着一条狗，随人流入寺领斋饭，分饭僧给了她3份斋饭后，她又要求也给爱犬一份，分饭僧犹豫之后勉强又给了一份，这时这位女子又说：“我腹内有子，尚须分食。”分饭僧极为愤怒地说：“肚里的孩子还没出生就要分饭食，你真是贪得无厌!”女子分辩道：“众生平等，肚里的孩子也是有生命的。”随后从袖子里取出一把剪子，剪下一把头发，放在案桌上，并口中念道：“苦瓜连苦根，甜瓜彻蒂甜，是吾超三界，却被阿师嫌。”说罢跃身腾空，化为文殊菩萨圣像，婴孩变成二天童，狗变成了绿毛神狮。分饭僧悔恨自己待人不平等，结果冒犯了菩萨，真是有眼不识圣灵，便取刀剂去自己的双眼。后来，就在菩萨显圣处建了这座塔，并把菩萨留下的头发放在里头供养起来，取名为文殊发塔。
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