第一篇：浅谈广告制作中的创意技巧
浅谈广告制作中的创意技巧
“创意”，是眼下愈演愈烈的“广告征服战”中最常见且常用常新的技法之一。
创形法
此类广告“创意”的要旨在于：以推销企业为主，使企业形象得到良好创立。其“创意”依据是：企业是其产品的决定性因素，先有企业后才有产品。企业素质高，产品素质才高；企业形象好，产品销路才好。如“coca-cola”的广告。
逆意法
其“创意”的要旨即：利用公众的逆反心理，通过形贬实衰的广告，以此赢得顾客的好评，从而取得奇致胜之效。如美国俄勒冈州，有一家取名为“最糟”的餐馆。这家餐馆的外面竖着几块醒目的大广告牌：“请来跟苍蝇同坐”、“食物数此店最差，服务则更糟糕”。而此店门口橱窗里贴的即日菜谱介绍竞为“隔夜菜”。奇怪的是，这招牌告之“最糟”的餐馆，居然开业15年来一直是门庭若市，座无虚席。因为，无论是当地人，还是外地游客，都慕“最糟”之名而至，都想亲眼看看这家餐馆是否供应的饭荣员糟、卫生条件最差、服务态度最坏。同时，人们也为餐馆经理讲真话、敢损短的可贵精神所感染，故而形成了这“最糟”餐馆的最佳经济效益和社会效益。
音乐法
其“创意”的要旨即：通过精炼短小、高度概括、通俗明快、形象鲜明、个性突出、制作精致的广告音乐与画面和广告的丝丝入扣，使广告的艺术创意得到淋漓尽致的体现，从而达到其真正能具备发掘商品内涵、点缀商品特色、提高商品身价、增强商品魅力的功能，并使广大消费者一听就爱、一哼就会、一想就懂、百听不腻，在愉悦的音乐启迪中愉快地购买所需产品。
包装法
其“创意”要旨在于：通过在商品包装上狠下功夫，使产品的包装精巧。然后再在精美的包装上打上企业的名称，列出其生产经营范围和详尽介绍产品的功能、性能及其使用方法。这样，不仅会给消费者带来审美感、满意感和方便感，而且花钱不多，给企业带来的效益却很大。此可谓两全其美的广告创意方法。
换意法
其“创意”的要旨即：为顺应市场消费者的消费心理和消费水平，将原来误导公众的广告创意进行一番无损本来面目的改头换面的修改，使公众改变对原广告误导的理解，使原来在市场上因创意误导消费而滞销的产品变为畅销产品。如德国密勒啤酒公司在初做密勒香摈广告时，在广告创意上总是以豪华的场面作广告背景，外包装也用的是金纸，其创意给消费者的感觉是：此系高档香摈的广告。其实，密勒香摈的价格并不贵，但却给消费者带来的是此酒只适宜较高生活层次的女性饮用，因此销路不畅。密勒公司受挫后，即在原广告创意的基础上，采用局部换意法，去掉了香摈的包装金纸，换掉了原来那个漂亮的小姐，并在不改变香摈成份的前提下，让一群劳累一天的伐木工人跑到酒吧代美女痛饮密勒香槟。这一改一换，使密勒香摈以朴实无华的形象展现在众多消费者面前。于是，密勒香摈的销路大开。
设谜法
其“创意”的要旨即：通过设谜来制造悬念，并将答案巧妙地寓于谜底之中，并让消费者通过揣测谜底而自然去接受设谜广告的产品，从而实现产品渠道的畅通。如南京鹤鸣皮鞋店的广告也可算得上是一大奇招。该鞋店在与一家读者面颇宽的报纸订下三天广告版面后，第一天的整版只登出一个大问号，仅下面有寥寥一行小字：“欲知详情，请见明日本报底栏。”第二天照样刊登。直到第三天，谜底方才露面：“三人行必有我师，三人行必有我鞋……鹤鸣皮鞋。”
省略法
其“创意”的要旨即：通过省略广告信息的关键之处或主要内容，制造或明或暗的悬念，从而使众产生急切的期待心理，刺激消费者产生迫切了产品的兴趣与欲望，并由此产生对产品的深刻象。如云南花粉田七口服液广告：“人到中年无途，有我不一样……”这是一种有明显省略号的“明省”式广告；又如天津饮料厂打出“夏天，并不可怕”的路牌广告，虽其文句表面较完整，但其广告的主题并未直接显示出来，此旨在于诱导读者去探究广告的言外之意：天津饮料厂的饮料是消暑佳品。“暗省”的部分，即是广告的主题。
系列法
其“创意”的要旨即：通过系列的广告形式强受众对下一项广告的期待，又通过不断变化的形式强化受众的关注热情，直到合适的时候，才适合缓解受众的期待心理。而在这整个过程中，都不致使受众感到呆板、乏味。如台湾野狼125摩托车广告，就采用了6天系列广告的形式。即第一天打出的广告是：“今天不要买摩托车，请您稍候6天”。后两天，广告只改动一字：“稍候5天”、“稍候4天”第4天广告语略改为：“请再稍候3天。”直到第5天，广告才点出：“这部令您满意的摩托车是„野125”。最后一天，即第6天，广告制作商才刊出栏大幅广告，不仅全面介绍该摩托车性能特点，且正式推出该摩托车的制造单位是“三阳工业公司”。
第二篇：y创意广告PPT制作大赛
M c Q u a y创意广告PPT制作大赛
M c Q u a y创意广告PPT制作大赛
承办： 能环学院团总支学生会
一、活动目的：
为增进同学们的创新意识，提高同学们制作和讲说PPT的能力，促进校园与企业二元文化的沟通与交融，将我校优秀学生推荐给知名企业，为我校学生提供跟知名企业高级管理人士面对面交流机会，能源与环境学院联合麦克维尔中央空调特举办此次McQuay创意广告PPT制作大赛。
二、活动意义：
本次比赛旨在为大学生提供一个面对企业展示自我的真实平台，以企业文化为创作题材，在活动中展示自我能力与风采，看清当前自身与企业要求的差距，明确今后努力与发展方向，为在校生今后就业抢夺先机，毕业生进入社会提供软着陆。
三、活动主题：
创意无止境，就业有天机
四、活动对象：
低年级组：09、10、11级学生（专业不限）
高年级组：08级学生（限建环、热能制冷、电气、自动化、机械专业）。
五、活动内容：
本次活动内容是制作六句广告词，首字母分别是是M c Q u a y这六个字母。以PPT形式展现广告词的创意，其中要包含麦克维尔企业文化，内容丰富，突出企业特色，PPT内容丰富。
PPT页数不得超过15页，讲述时间在3-7分钟。上交作品统一使用PPT2003版本。
（一）参赛分组：
低年级组：09、10、11级学生（专业不限）；
高年级组：08级学生（仅限建环、热能制冷、电气、自动化、机械专业）。
（二）比赛安排
1、初赛：
10月17日将活动下发至各个学院；
10月23-24日收集作品、审阅;
10月27日公布各组参加复赛的10名选手名单
2、复赛
10月29日复赛地点：多媒体教室 3分钟左右
当场公布各组参加决赛的6名选手名单
3、决赛
11月7日决赛 讲述时间 5-7分钟
地点：学术报告厅
时间：16：00-18:00
当场公布低年级组获奖情况；并公布高年级组进入麦克维尔YEP计划招聘最终面试名单。
六：奖项设置
低年级组：
一等奖 1名 奖金300元
二等奖 2名 奖金200元
三等奖 3名 奖金100元
高年级组：
入决赛者每人获得奖金100元，并获得麦克维尔年轻工程师YEP计划（年轻工程师计划）最终面试入场券，决赛成绩与公司招聘结果挂钩。
所有进入复赛选手每人将获得一件纪念品。
七：其他
比赛作品上交至能环学院团总支学生会邮箱：
nhxueshenghui@163.com
因其他原因需推迟或改变比赛进度由本次活动的组织方另行通知。
本次活动的最终解释权归能环学院团总支学生会所有。
能源与环境学院
2011年10月
第三篇：关于广告 创意
创意是个统称，因为广告行业是需要创意的行业。创意在设计、策划、文案身上都可以体现，指的只是一个点子，一种思维。创意不需要画画,文案只是负责广告活动过程中的文字部分，比如电视脚本写作，策划案写作，宣传册写作...简单的说就是负责文字部分和创意。创意指的是一个广告中的意识形态所在，或者可以把它当作是一个”表现”，但在广告公司里没有专门”创意”这个职务，而把创意以方案的形式写出来的人，叫作文案
什么是最好的创意？
广告不是阳春白雪，不是艺术，我们的任务是与人产生沟通，感染他们，让他的思想和他的金钱靠近你的产品并且远离你的竞争者。大创意能够迅速而深刻的做到这一点。不要忘记一则古老的广告法则———AIDMA理论，只有引起注意（Attention），才能提起兴趣（Interest），激起欲望（Desire），增强记忆（Memory），最终采取行动（Action）。如果你的广告不能起到沟通的作用———让人笑、让人哭、让人感兴趣，那么无论你投入多少金钱、应用多少****都不会奏效，这就是为什么世界上的很多广告并不成功的原因。广告必须具备感召力
重要的是，创意应该产生差别，把人们领入另一个区域，没有差别，一切将毫无用处；创意应该简单，越简单越好；而且，广告要注意广告消费的环境。因为广告不是做给广告人看的，所以在现实生活中的广告，必须要能够具备俘获人们心灵的感召力。虽然人们每天平均要受到6000条广告讯息，但他们能记住的只有独一的创见。
创意———法无定法
通常创意来自我们的心灵，什么公式、窍门、规则、蓝图一类的东西并不能优化我们的工作。所谓创意，唯一权威的解释就是法无定法。因为法只是在重复历史，而不是创造历史。我们应该寻找自己独一无二的声音，并有勇气、有信心去运用这些声音。创意就是去体味你的内心世界，好好的酝酿它，勇于将你独特的创意向公众展示，让它翻起轩然****，引起反馈，甚至引来嘲笑声音。
笨人想出最好的点子
最好的点子通常是一群笨人所设想出来的，因此我们所从事的、所服务的机构，最应该做的往往就是鼓励一种傻乎乎的东西。我们不要把一个点子想得太复杂，我们应该做的是崇尚简单而避开复杂，一看到复杂的东西就消灭它，把心思简单化，不要在一个过程中左一步右一步。从你想出的点子的本身开始，要尽可能立足简单。高明的点子总是简单的，有一个念头就不要再左思右想，让它自己去伸展开来。
广告不是艺术
广告不是艺术。广告和艺术两者需要不同的创作心态，属于完全不同的创意水平。广告创意人可以在广告里运用现代艺术的技巧，可以把广告表现的美伦美焕，但前提必须是人们能看懂它，能理解和认同它。有些界定模糊或是稀奇古怪的广告只会让人们对它所诉求的产品或服务产生错觉。毕加索的抽象画让多数人看后一头雾水正说明了他的成功，深邃的思想往往只能传递给少数人，而一则广告恰恰不能做到这一点，否则就意味失败。资料显示，许多获克里奥大奖的广告作品在若干年后仍能带动产品的销售，这一点也恰巧体现了克里奥大会评选的最大特点：看重原创意图，但也看重意图的贯彻。
标新立异
创意如何去影响人，去触动他们，让他们哭，让他们笑，让他们猛然看到旧瓶里装了新酒；每天早上起来就有机会和成千上万的人产生联系，改变一些品牌所受到的待遇。这是一个值得一搏的挑战，这就是与众不同，从事这个行当全都是为了这一点。真正有意思的便是标新立异。
小资本制作一样登大雅之堂
大众汽车，凭“双重检查”一支广告片，夺取“企业形象”及“小资本制作”的双重金
奖，难能可贵。此广告片巧妙的运用“质量检查时的认可笔记√号，两个√号构成一个ＶＷ的标志，创意匠心独运，题材选用又恰当不过，是创作人，尤其是在第三世界国家内的创作人最可以借鉴的一种创意手法，小资本成大事业。创意不在预算之多寡，这是一个最佳例证。
广告创意人成长五步曲
广告杂谈，别走开，广告同样精彩，广告之道，没有创意，就没有发言权！
一些即将进入广告行业，或者已经步入广告行业、但还不深谙于广告的新人，常常不免会犯疑：在广告成长的路上，到底有没有捷径？路漫漫兮其修远，广告是一个不断积累的行业，是谓厚积而薄发，积累的过程很重要。以多年的广告从业经验，我逐渐体会出，其实每个广告人的成长，大凡都要依次经历：接触广告时期、认知广告时期、模拟广告时期、实践广告时期和创作广告时期五个阶段，即广告创意人的成长五步曲。
[
其实，每一个人都会接触广告，从略懂世事的孩童、到年已近逝的老者，广告无时无刻不存在于我们的生活中，每个人的一生，都是伴随着广告的一生：每天打开电视，广告映入眼帘；每天翻开书报，广告跃然纸上；每天行走在大街小巷，五花八门的户外广告扑面而来、擦肩而过；每天吃喝拉撒的许多用品其标贴、说明书等广告也常常如影相随„„在我们还没有深刻地去探究什么是广告的时候，也许我们只知道电视上、书报上、大街小巷、家长里短有一个东西叫广告，却不知道它的真正意义，这就是接触广告时期。
在接触广告时期，对广告的感觉通常会有两种。一种是你知道有一个叫“广告”的东西，广告是广告主对自己的宣传（甚至连这个都不知），却不是很理解它。一种是你的心目中已经有了广告意识，而你却不知这就是广告创意的发想，比如：当你面对一个“*”号时，你或许有时候会想它象形了什么: 谁放了一个屁啊!/多角恋爱(婚外情)/交集/十字路口/残缺的雪花/圆的直径/风转（风力发电）/鸟爪/一个“水”字/船和浆/剪刀与线/一只静止的“蚊子”/穿越/竖插一杠/三头六臂„„这其实与广告创意的发想有异曲同工之处。
对于想进入广告行业者和初涉广告的新人而言，应针对以上两点，培养自己的广告意识。第一，多方面、全方位地接触广告，并对之形成浓厚的兴趣，从生活的每时每刻、角角落落去了解广告，并有意识地去记录一些广告的内容。比如：甚至在逛街、购物的时候，都应该细心地去观摩，相关的广告宣传品、相关的广告活动、产品的终端布局，等等。第二，锻炼创意的发想意识，比如：房子。你想到了什么——空间，材料：砖等，建筑风格，属于那里，住的人，一个世界，房子里的摆设：桌子、床等，婚姻，与外界的隔离，钱（去买），家，贫与富（阶级），身体与心灵，风景，阳光透进来，听见窗外的鸟叫，想起一句古诗：安得广厦千万间，乞丐或者流浪的孩子（无家），燕子筑巢，一个命名为《门》的小说„„有意识地针对具体的事物对它产生想象、把自己灵感的一些火花记录下来，当然包括非广告的；养成写创意日记的良好习惯，创意日记最好分两本：一本把平常自己看见的有意思的广告记下来；一本写自己对广告的认识、生活中有趣的事、广告见闻、自己的即兴创意、甚至可以是自己随意想到的一句话等，不必想多么成熟或具体，先培养自己的这种意识和习惯即可。与此同时，去翻一些浅显的广告概念书，只是翻翻，也不必细看，先知道一些简单的广告概念。
[
如果说接触广告时期是你初步了解广告的阶段，与它的第一面让你心动不已，你狂热的心跳动，想去接近它。那么，广告认知时期就是你因为它的吸引而想去了解它的过程，这种感觉就像是在恋爱，正如恋爱时，你极力想去了解一个人一样，这时候你最想知道广告的奥秘——因为，你对它是好奇的。
这一阶段，不断地了解着广告，大概知道了广告的一些基本概念：广告是什么？广告做什么？
广告有什么作用？等等。很多人也已经有一些广告的实践，但这一阶段又可以说是广告入门的一个坎，这一阶段的广告新人很少有平和的心态，一些人由于写出一句不错的广告语或者一个不错的创意什么的，就认为这是完全的广告了，“哦！广告原来是如此的简单”；一些人由于在创作中不得窍，屡次受挫，而认为创意“难于上青天”。这期间，了解全面的广告是很有必要的，首先，你至少应该看一些以下方面的书（1）广告学知识（2）广告人成长经验介绍（3）广告范例（4）广告公司运做（5）广告作业工具等，对广告的一些基本知识产生记忆，当别人提起某一广告概念时，你能知道别人在说什么，就像人体器官一样，比如眼、耳、鼻、舌„„广告的基本概念其实就是构成广告表现的基本器官；当然，看书的方法是很关键的，我通常的方法是，第一步：先看简介（或目录）了解主要内容，如果内容有些是知道的，即快速地翻过，只阅读新内容；如果是不知道的内容，则先整体地快速阅读1-3遍形成初步印象。第二步：放开书想一想其中的内容，看自己能不能列出主干目录，之后再看自己能不能回想起主干目录中的主要内容。第三步：把自己没想起来的内容对照书针对性地反复记忆2-3遍。第四步：将某些内容和对某些内容的理解记在一个本上（最好分门别类，如：市场/品牌/营销/公关/创意/媒介等），形成随身资料簿，便于日常查阅。毕竟书是无限多的，在需要时再去找大堆的书肯定要费事很多。第五步：整体再想一遍，看是否与书的内容吻合，稍后快速翻看一遍。
广告
每一则广告都必须传达完整的销售讯息，因为一般人并不会循序渐进、有条不紊地看到产品所有的广告。
广告文案必须亲切、简单易读，而且瞄准目标市场诉求。针对这个市场的广告，如果出现自我意识浓厚的画面和华而不实的文字，通常只会使消费者产生提防的心理。
广告中的每一个字都要有意义。模糊不清的诉求必须以具体的数据取代，陈词滥调的说法也要以确切的事实替换，同时避免不着边际的训诫辞令，而改用引人入胜的产品诱因。
手表下广告主题浮现，画外音响起：“时间以我为准。天王表。”
第四篇：6.20广告营销策划方案的创意技巧
有关广告营销策划方案的基本知识与技巧
进入营销3.0革命时代，新生代消费人群会接触到越来越多的广告，包括传统媒体广告和新媒体、自媒体广告，各种各样的广告充斥着人们的工作生活的各个方面，如何让广告发挥更大的作用呢？本文我们就要来请北京立钧世纪营销策划机构首席营销策划专家任立军谈谈广告营销策划的创意技巧。
中国的广告发展是随着改革开放而发展起来的，中国真正进入广告创意阶段是在上世纪的80年代。中国广告营销策划一步步发展，渐渐成为企业离不开的重要营销工具，尤其是叶茂中营销策划机构的出现，把中国广告营销策划推向了极致，叶茂中所做的营销策划必然要推向央视，以致于一段时间之内，央视充斥着叶茂中营销策划机构服务的客户的广告。曾几何时，一句“怕冷就穿北极绒”能够火遍大江南北，这种广告创意也深得叶茂中的推崇。如今，面对线下线下丰富的媒体类型，广告营销策划也走向了丰富化和多元化。
关于广告创意的概况
创意”，是眼下愈演愈烈的“广告征服战”中最常见且常用常新的技法之一。“创意”的主要含义也可谩之“CI方略”，此乃当今流行于发达国家的现代广告经营谋略——同一视觉识别。即是企业为参与市场竞争，通过广告扩散其视觉形象设计，有意识地造出个性化的视觉效果，以便唤起尽可能多的广告对象注意：我们的企业和企业决策人是著名的，我们的产品和优质服务更是著名的，从而达到使自己的企业总体知名度不断提高之目的。
广告“创意”的基本特征是能够让广告对象接更时感到颇有“余味”：即广告制作者不把一切都表露得明明白白，而是让广告接受者自己去品味其中新颖、含蕾、深沉、巧妙、曲折、恢谐、风趣的韵味和创意，并在不知不觉中欣然接受广告的劝导。具有“创意”特征的成功广告在中国和外国都是举不胜举的，如： 在北京第11届亚运会上，中国饮料市场在亚运村刮起一股红色旋风，在体育场上，人们支起了coca-cola遮阳伞；在游泳馆，人们摇着：COCA-cola的扇子；在奥林匹克中心，人们戴着coca-cola遮阳帽。这种“coca-cola”广告宣传的创意，显然不在于市场的销售，而在于树立可口可乐中国有限公司的形象。
美国一家造纸公司为宣传企业形象，在广告“创意”上更是独辟蹊径。其广告通过介绍森林里树干的形成、枝叶的变化、果实的迁徒来娓娓道出森林的科普知识，并配以精美、生动的图片。最后才在广告的结尾处，简单地标出该企业的名字、产品及市场。这套广告的“创意”在于：贴近公众的关心焦点，在公众中树立起一个热爱大自然的可亲的企业形象。果然，此广告的“创意”效果得到了明显表现。当这套广告播出后，仅索要广告中森林知识材料的来函就达50万封，企业由此而声名远播。可见，广告的好的“创意”，能让企业站得比产 品更高。
因此，研究“广告征服战”的“创意”技法，对于企业和广告制作人更好地利用及使用广告，使之转化为更大的社会、经济效益，无疑具有非常重要的意义。
广告创意八法
若分析广告的“创意”技法，可具体概之为“八法”：
创形法
此类广告“创意”的要旨在于：以推销企业为主，使企业形象得到良好创立。其“创意”依据是：企业是其产品的决定性因素，先有企业后才有产品。企业素质高，产品素质才高；企业形象好，产品销路才好。如“coca-cola”的广告。
逆意法
其“创意”的要旨即：利用公众的逆反心理，通过形贬实衰的广告，以此赢得顾客的好评，从而取得奇致胜之效。如美国俄勒冈州，有一家取名为“最糟”的餐馆。这家餐馆的外面竖着几块醒目的大广告牌：“请来跟苍蝇同坐”、“食物数此店最差，服务则更糟糕”。而此店门口橱窗里贴的即日菜谱介绍竞为“隔夜菜”。奇怪的是，这招牌告之“最糟”的餐馆，居然
开业15年来一直是门庭若市，座无虚席。因为，无论是当地人，还是外地游客，都慕“最糟”之名而至，都想亲眼看看这家餐馆是否供应的饭荣员糟、卫生条件最差、服务态度最坏。同时，人们也为餐馆经理讲真话、敢损短的可贵精神所感染，故而形成了这“最糟”餐馆的最佳经济效益和社会效益。
包装法
其“创意”要旨在于：通过在商品包装上狠下功夫，使产品的包装精巧。然后再在精美的包装上打上企业的名称，列出其生产经营范围和详尽介绍产品的功能、性能及其使用方法。这样，不仅会给消费者带来审美感、满意感和方便感，而且花钱不多，给企业带来的效益却很大。此可谓两全其美的广告创意方法。
换意法
其“创意”的要旨即：为顺应市场消费者的消费心理和消费水平，将原来误导公众的广告创意进行一番无损本来面目的改头换面的修改，使公众改变对原广告误导的理解，使原来在市场上因创意误导消费而滞销的产品变为畅销产品。如德国密勒啤酒公司在初做密勒香摈广告时，在广告创意上总是以豪华的场面作广告背景，外包装也用的是金纸，其创意给消费者的感觉是：此系高档香摈的广告。其实，密勒香摈的价格并不贵，但却给消费者带来的是此酒只适宜较高生活层次的女性饮用，因此销路不畅。密勒公司受挫后，即在原广告创意的基础上，采用局部换意法，去掉了香摈的包装金纸，换掉了原来那个漂亮的小姐，并在不改变香摈成份的前提下，让一群劳累一天的伐木工人跑到酒吧代美女痛饮密勒香槟。这一改一换，使密勒香摈以朴实无华的形象展现在众多消费者面前。于是，密勒香摈的销路大开。设谜法
其“创意”的要旨即：通过设谜来制造悬念，并将答案巧妙地寓于谜底之中，并让消费者通过揣测谜底而自然去接受设谜广告的产品，从而实现产品渠道的畅通。如南京鹤鸣皮鞋店的广告也可算得上是一大奇招。该鞋店在与一家读者面颇宽的报纸订下三天广告版面后，第一天的整版只登出一个大问号，仅下面有寥寥一行小字：“欲知详情，请见明日本报底栏。”第二天照样刊登。直到第三天，谜底方才露面：“三人行必有我师，三人行必有我鞋„„鹤鸣皮鞋。”
省略法
其“创意”的要旨即：通过省略广告信息的关键之处或主要内容，制造或明或暗的悬念，从而使众产生急切的期待心理，刺激消费者产生迫切了产品的兴趣与欲望，并由此产生对产品的深刻象。如云南花粉田七口服液广告：“人到中年无途，有我不一样„„”这是一种有明显省略号的“明省”式广告；又如天津饮料厂打出“夏天，并不可怕”的路牌广告，虽其文句表面较完整，但其广告的主题并未直接显示出来，此旨在于诱导读者去探究广告的言外之意：天津饮料厂的饮料是消暑佳品。“暗省”的部分，即是广告的主题。
系列法
其“创意”的要旨即：通过系列的广告形式强受众对下一项广告的期待，又通过不断变化的形式强化受众的关注热情，直到合适的时候，才适合缓解受众的期待心理。而在这整个过程中，都不致使受众感到呆板、乏味。如台湾野狼125摩托车广告，就采用了6天系列广告的形式。即第一天打出的广告是：“今天不要买摩托车，请您稍候6天”。后两天，广告只改动一字：“稍候5天”、“稍候4天”第4天广告语略改为：“请再稍候3天。”直到第5天，广告才点出：“这部令您满意的摩托车是‘野125”。最后一天，即第6天，广告制作商才刊出栏大幅广告，不仅全面介绍该摩托车性能特点，且正式推出该摩托车的制造单位是“三阳工业公司”。
影视广告策划方案的撰写技巧
影视广告专题片筹划触及多方面的信息材料，内容十分丰厚，所以影视广告制作客户承受的信息量相当大而且丰杂。如何将这些信息以容易表达的方式表达出来，而且使其在内容方式上具有一定的吸收力，这就设计影视广告制作筹划书的一些写作技巧。在写作筹划书是常用的技巧表如今一下几个方面。北京立钧世纪营销策划公司首席专家任立军认为，广告策划方案的撰写能够体现创意的内容，非常重要。
信息组织技巧
从影视广告制作前期的调查剖析到最后筹划书的写作，都触及信息的组织和运用，而且影视广告战略的中心又是把信息传送给潜在客户，因而信息在影视广告制作筹划中尤为重要。在信息组织上，首先应该对要在筹划文本中传送的信息有个总体的把握，并对不同的信息有所归类，这样就使信息具有了一定的调理性；其次要在众多的信息中辨别主次，将重点信息突出传达；最后还要明白信息的层次和信息之间的互相联络，是信息传达层次清楚。文字表述技巧
明白的标题。在筹划书每一局部设计的内容都不同，各个局部应该依据内容制造明白的标题。标题要显现层次性，而且提出重点内容。
短小的段落。在筹划书中，大段落的文字不只会吞没主要观念，而且很难吸收人阅读，因而要运用较短小的段落，并且每一个段落只传达一个重点信息或筹划结论。
明白的序号。留意用序号来标示段落层次，不但能够使信息脉络明晰，而且能够给读者以明白的阅读提示。
言语尽量群众化，防止过多地运用专业术语。假如筹划者和影视广告主对它们有分歧的了解。而且专业术语不会发作误解或了解艰难的状况下能够运用。
3、接近读者技巧
筹划人员在学问、经历、专业范畴以及思想方式上与压服对象存在着很大差别，因而要理解承受者的状况，包括人数、位置、年龄、了解才能，其中承受者的了解才能最为重要。在撰写影视广告筹划书时，应该依据承受者的不同特性，对写作方式加以调整。
4、方式配合技巧
影视广告制作筹划书中的一些方式性要素能够吸收读者的留意力和兴味，主要包括以下几个方面：将数据以视觉化图表的方式表达，能够使筹划书富于变化，容易吸收读者的留意力；经过标题字体和表述中结论字体的变化，有利于突出重点，加强方式的灵敏性。普通来说，字体的大小应该依据内容的重要水平而有所区别；版面的规划应该依照视野挪动的规律来停止，而且要注重版面的均衡匀称等根本美学特征；筹划文本的装订有多种选择，但应以容易翻阅、不遮挡版面为首要准绳。除此之外我们还要留意，筹划书在写作上应当采取归结的办法，不要过多的演绎推论；防止冗长，通常影视广告筹划书不宜超越50-60页；要阐明材料的来源，以标明推断有所依据而非凭空想象，加强压服力和可信度。
结束语 北京立钧世纪营销策划公司首席专家任立军认为，广告创意可助客户实现爆炸式增长，在市场中以及在对消费者的沟通中，应用有效的创意诉求抓住关注重心形成良好的传播效应创意是广告的生命和灵魂所在，是消费者接触广告时“引起兴趣、形成记忆、最终购买”这一刺激程序形成的重要指标。
现代广告已步入整合营销（策划）传播时代，广告营销策划创意已不止于广告整体策划中的部分，而是贯穿于广告活动全过程。广告创意对于整体广告活动而言，具有战略意义。它从企业的营销目标和实力出发，研究广告活动整体上如何与营销目标相适应，并寻求差异化的传播理念与实施方案，以实现企业的市场营销目标。就此意义而言，广告创意在今天仍然是广告制胜的利器。
纵观整个现代经济社会发展的历程来看，企业的成长、品牌的创建无不是伴随着广告而取得的。尽管现代营销已经进入营销3.0时代，广告的作用不降反升，只是传统广告的份额在下
降，传统广告的受关注度影响力下降，新媒体和自媒体所引发的公关营销、事件营销、绿色营销、关系营销等一系列的新形式要求新型广告模式以适应市场发展需求。
第五篇：广告中双关语技巧研究
[Abstract] In modern society, advertisement’s influence is universal.pun is to add more attraction, being applied as a kind of figures of speech in advertisement and deeply loved by people.pun has many forms of expression such as pun on polysemy, homophone, hononymy, parody, illustrations and words, grammar, etc.The advertisers use brand, idiom, and phrase, etc, to form pun skillfully.From the aspect of pragmatics, pun violates the Cooperative principle by Grice.people usually violate the maxims in four ways.The article analyses pun from the fourth way that the speaker may flout a maxim;that is, he may blatantly fail to fulfill it and to achieve some purpose.The proper use of pun in advertisement results in the effects of humor, wit, beauty, economy, warning, and even makes the product more competitive and profitable, and makes the advertisement sweet to the ear, and please both the eye and mind.[Key words] advertisement;pun;pragmatic maxims;pragmatic function
【摘 要】当今社会，广告作为一种竞争手段无处不在，而双关语是一种广泛运用于广告创作并深受人们喜爱的修辞格。双关语的表现形式多种多样，可分为一词多义双关，同音异义双关，谐音双关，仿拟双关，插图和文字双关，语法双关等。广告商巧妙地运用品牌、成语、习语等构成双关语以增加宣传效果。但从语用学的角度去分析双关语，它违背了Grice提出的合作原则。合作原则的违反通常有四种情况，而本文主要从第四种进行分析双关语，即说话人公然不执行某一条准则，也就是说话人知道自己违反了一条准则，他还想让听话人知道他违反了一条准则。运用恰当的双关语产生了幽默、风趣、经济和警告的作用，使人享受语言的美，同时帮助厂家在激烈的竞争中立于不拜之地，获得更大收益。
【关键词】广告；双关语；语用原则；语用功能
1.Introduction
“The definition of advertisement by AMA(American Marketing Association): Advertising is the nonpersonal communication usually paid for and usually persuasive in nature about products, services of ideas by identified sponsors through the various media.[1] It is a device to arouse consumers’ attention to a commodity and induce them to use it.In modern age, people find themselves surrounded by various advertisements each day.An American writer writes: “ we find advertisement of all kinds everywhere, for example, glittering neon signs on top of high buildings and a long main streets, colorful pictures painted on buses pamphlets sent to very house, advertisement jammed between TV programs various advertisement glutting, newspaper and radio broadcast;etc.”[2] Facing so many advertisement, how to make the advertisement impressive is the main purpose of the advertisers.In order to enhance the appeal of an advertisement, advertisers pay much attention not only to such expressive devices as plates, color and the layout of a printed page, but also to the choice of words or phrases, to make an advertisement beautiful and attractive.In the practice of the advertising English, people pay more attention to pun to make the advertisement succinct, accurate and vivid and to provide rich imagination and plentiful associations for readers so as to stimulate their desire.The frequent and wide use of figures of speech is an important characteristic of advertising English, which is an effective way to make the advertisement attractive.Among the figures, pun is loved deeply.Oxford Advanced Dictionary defines pun as “humorous use of a word that has two meanings or of different words that sound the same”.[3] A pun(also known as paronomasia)can be understood like that it is a deliberate confusion of similar-sounding words of phrases for rhetorical effect, whether humorous or serious.It leaves a deep impression on readers by its readability, wit and humor.It can satisfy the requirement of advertisement characteristics—selling power, memory value, attention value, and readability.So pun is very popular in advertisement.The article just wants to present the pragmatic function and application of pun in advertisement.2.Types of pun in advertisement
A pun is a rhetorical device in which people use the polysemous, or homonymous relation of a language to cause a word, a sentence of a discourse to involve two things of meanings.It has several types.2.1 pun on polysemy
“While different words may have the same of similar meaning, the same one word may have more than one meaning.This is what we call polysemy, and such a word is called polysemic word.Historically speaking, polysemy can be understood as the growth and development of or change in the meaning of words.”[4] pun on polysemy is used widely, especially with the name of the product such as the following examples:
[1] “From sharp minds.Come sharp products.”[5]
The example is an advertisement for the Sharp copier.The word “sharp” praises the consumers’ brightness, but also refers to the Sharp product.The advertisement praises the consumers who are sharp to buy the product which is sharp.The vanity of the audiences is aroused and they want to use it to show their wise, and also they believe the product is really sharp.[2] “Money doesn’t grow on the trees.But it blossoms at our branches.Lioyd Bank.”[6]
It is the slogan of Lioyd Bank.“branch” means “part of a tree growing out from the trunk”, but here it implies the division of bank”.The slogan encourages people to store their money in Lioyd Bank, and their money will be like the blooming flowers, yielding better fruits.After understanding its meaning, readers will figure it out in mind that their money will become more and more daily and daily, just like the leaves in spring.2.2 pun on Homonymy
“Homonymy refers to the phenomenon that words with different meanings have the same form, i.e, different words are identical in sound or spelling, or in both.When two words are identical in sound, they are homophones.When the words are identical in spelling, they are homographs.When two words are identical in both spelling and sound, they are complete homonyms.”[7] The follow instances will explain that:
[3] “ ‘VIps’ an atomical comfort.Variable Impact pressure Sole”[8]
The advertisement of sportshoes uses the homophonic word “VIps”.As we know, VIp usually stands for “ very important persons”, while, here, it stands for “Variable Impact pressure Sole”.It implies if you use VIps, you will be a VIp.The word “VIps’ motivates the audiences’ vanity and induces them to buy the product.[4] “Trust us.Over 5000 ears of experience.”[9]
It is an advertisement for audiphone.The literal meaning is that the product has experienced a lot of texts.While “ears” and “years” are a pair of homophone.So it implies that the product has a long history and has high quality.[5] “Goodbuy
Winter!
100% cotton knitwear $40”[10]
It is an advertisement for the sale of winter clothes.The advertisement seems to people that it s a good and cheap to buy cotton knitwear.But when the audiences read “goodbuy winter” together, they will understand the good use of pun.“Goodbuy winter” sounds the same as “goodbye winter”.The advertisement use homophone to show two meanings: it is a good business to buy the cotton knitwear now, and winter has passed away.Naturally, people will associate the situation happening every year that when they say goodbye to winter, the clothes will have a great discount and it is good time to buy them.[6] “More sun and air for your sun and heir.”[11]
The advertisement is for a bathing beach.The advertiser uses homophone skilfully, sun vs.son, and air vs.heir.The advertiser encourages people to bring their son and heir to the bathing beach to get sun and air to keep fit.Each couple hopes their son and heir will be healthy all their life.pun makes the advertising language sound sweet, fluent and persuasive.2.3 pun on parody
“parody is a piece of speech, writing of music that imitates the style of an author, composer, etc in an amusing and often exaggerate way.”[12] pun on parody uses the outfit of saying, apothegm, proverb or idiom to form new meanings.English has a lot of well-known phrases, idioms and sayings.They are important part of everyday language spoken by the English speakers, and have become one of the aspects of the English culture.The advertisement designers are sharp-minded and imaginative.They change a part of the expressions and put their ideas into them to achieve sensational effect.And most of them achieve a remarkable success.The transformations are not only eye catching, but also easy to be accepted by the common, who will do according to the tradition.As the sayings of idioms have been one part of the tradition, the people will be easily persuaded by the advertisement works of this kind.So pun on parody is popular in advertisement.[7] “A Mars a day helps you work, rest and play.”[13]
It is the slogan of Mars chocolate company.Looking at this advertisement, people will associate it with two idioms: “An apple a day keeps the doctor away” and “ All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy”.From the meanings of the two idioms, the watchword tells people that a Mars’ chocolate a day will make you not be a dull boy(make you wise)and keep the doctor away(keep fit).[8] “Try our sweet corn, you’ll smile from ear to ear.”[14]
It is taken from the advertisement for a kind of sweet corn.The word “ear” has double meanings: the organ of hearing and the seed –bearing part of a cereal.Te idiom “ from ear to ear” also is a pun.One meaning is that people are satisfied with the product.The other one is that the consumers eat one ear by another.So the advertisement implies that the sweet corn is very delicious, and you will enjoy it and eating one by one.How can people refuse such delicious food?
[9] “All is well that ends well.”[15]
This is an idiom, but here, it is taken from an advertisement of a cigarette.“End”, as a verb, means “finish”, while, as a noun, means “cigarette butt”.The sentence means that if the cigarette ends are good that the cigarette is good.2.4 pun on Grammar
Many advertisers use pun produced for grammar problem to attract the audiences, such as ellipsis or word with different grammar functions.If this type of pun can be used properly, it will achieve unexpected effect.[10] “Which lager can claim to be truly German?
This can.” [16]
It is an advertisement for Lager beer.“Can” is a modal verb.But in the advertisement, a can of beer beside it reminds people “can” has another meaning—tin.Also “Lager” refers to the name of beer.With the illustration, the whole advertisement brings a humorous effect and impresses the audiences deeply.The Coca-cola company also uses “can” to do their advertisement.[11] “Coke refreshes you like no other can.” [17]
Just like last example, “ can ” has double meanings, so the sentence can be understand like that Coke refreshes you like no other(can;tin, drink)can(refresh you).It implies their product is the best one.Of course, people like to buy the best one.2.5 pun on Illustration and Words
A lot of advertisement associates with illustrations and words to achieve better effect, especially on TV, because people are more easily attracted by pictures than words.The illustrations and words can help people to understand the advertisement fully.pun in the advertisement must be connected with illustrations and words, so people can understand the implied meanings.For instances:
[12] “50% OFF.”[18]
It is a shopwindow advertisement of E-spirit exclusive shop in Shanghai from 2001 and spring festival.The illustration is a picture with six lights, three on and three off.From the illustration, people know it does not only mean a half of the lights are off, but also means the whole sale discounts 50%.The illustration and words are vivid, and attract the passers-by’ attention more easily.[13] “Stop at two.”[19]
It is the title of an public service advertising(pSA)which the population and community Development Association(pCDA)of Thailand uses to advocate the couple to have children no more than two.The illustration is the photo of Wistern Churchill who formed a “V” letter with his forefinger and middle finger.The gesture “V” means victory.So people also can understand that it is a victory to have only one child.This picture is famous, so people will remember it easily.To achieve the success of their country, people may more like to control the population.3.pragmatic analysis of advertisement pun
From analyses above, people can understand that a pun usually uses one word in a sentence relating to double meanings, surface meaning and implicit meanings, which is the main idea the speaker wants to convey.The advertisers like to use the double meanings to produce ambiguity.While, analyzing from pragmatic maxims, it breaches Cooperative principle.Just look at another example:
[14]You’ll go nuts for the nuts you get in Nux.[20]
In the advertisement, “go nuts” means “go to buy nuts”, here in the advertisement, it also means “go crazy” in the daily English expression.And “Nux” is the name of the product.So it means the nuts will make you crazy if you buy them in Nux.The use of pun violates the Cooperative principle, but what is Cooperative principle?
3.1 Cooperative principle
“The theory of conversational implicature was originally suggested by Herbert paul Grice, an Oxford philosopher, who later went to America.”[21] His approximation is “We might formulate a tough general principle which participants will be expected to observe namely: Make your conversational contribution such as is required, at the stage at which it occurs, by the accepted purpose of direction of the talk exchange in which you are engaged.One might label this the COOpERATIVE pRINCIpLE.”[22]
“In order to explain further the cooperative principle, abbreviated as Cp, Grice borrows from the German philosopher Immanuel Kant four categories: quantity, quality, relation and manner.That is, the Cp is specified from four aspects.And the content of each category is known as maxim.3.1.2 Quantity
a.Make your contribution as informative as is required(for the current purpose of the exchange)
b.Do not make your contribution more informative than is required”[23]
That is to say the quantity of the information you give must suit for the requirement, no less, no more.For instance, if you go to buy one pen, but the assistant gives you two pens, he breaches the Quantity.Because he should give one pen to you that you want.3.1.2 “Quality
a.Do not say what you believe to be false
b.Do not say that for which you lack adequate evidence”[24]
It means that the speaker can’t tell lies but only can say that which has been proved to be right fact.However, if the speaker thinks what he says is right, but in fact it is false, he still obeys the principle.Give you an example, if someone asks you to go shopping with him, but you don’t like to, so you tell him that you have a meeting tonight.At this time, you violate Quality, for you have told lies to your friend.3.1.3“Relation: be relevant”[25]
That means what you say must be relevant.For example, when you are hungry, you don’t expect you partner giving you a book, but a cake, because cake is relevant to your feeling at this situation.3.1.4 “Manner
a.Avoid obscurity of expression
b.Avoid ambiguity
c.Be brief(avoid unnecessary prolixity)
c.Be orderly”[26]
The maxim requires the words speaker used must be concise and without ambiguity.For instance:
[15] A: Will you go to Xiamen tomorrow?
B: Maybe.In the case, B violates Manner, because his answer is ambiguous.A still can’t get the answer he wants.After the explanation of Cp, a better understanding will be made by readers on above examples, which have violated the Cp.But why do the advertisers like to use pun to violate the Maxims deliberately? The answer can also be given by Grice.3.2 Violation of the maxims
Grice thought only both speaker and listener obey the principle, could their intercourse be concordant and harmonic.While he also noticed that people didn’t always obey the principle in social activity, on the contrary, they breached it intentionally.So Grice gives four ways to explain the failure to fulfill a maxim.“Firstly, he may quietly and unostentatiously VIOLATE a maxim;if so, in some cases he will be liable to mislead.” It means you are intentional to violate the maxim.[27] For example: If someone invites you to join in a party, but you don’t like to.Avoiding offence to him, you may say, “ sorry, I have promised Jim to go shopping”.At this time, you know you tell lies, but you have to.“Secondly, he may OpT OUT from the operation both of the maxim and the Cp;he may say, indicate, or allow it to become plain that he is unwilling to cooperate in the way the maxim requires.He may say, for example, I cannot say more;my lips are sealed.Thirdly, he may be faced by a CLASH: he may be unable, for example, to fulfill the first maxim of Quality(Be as informative as is required)without violating the second maxim of Quality(have adequate evidence for what you say).”[28] For example:
[16] A: Where does X live?
B: Somewhere in the suburbs of the city.The answer of B breaches the Quantity, because he provides less information that A wants to know.But if B really doesn’t know where X lives, he obeys the Quality that do not say what you lack adequate evidence;if B knows the address of B, yet he does not want to tell A, then he implicates that he doesn’t want to tell A.“Fourthly, he may FLOUT a maxim;that is, he may BLATANTLY fail to fulfill it.On the assumption that the speaker is able to fulfill the maxim and to do so without violating another maxim(because of a clash), is not opting out, and is not, in view of the blatancy of his performance, trying to mislead, the hearer faced with a minor problem;How can his saying what he did say be reconciled with the supposition that he is observing the overall Cp? This situation is one that characteristically gives rise to a conversational implicature;and when a conversational implicature is generated in this way, I say that a maxim is being EXpLOITED.”[29] Give an example:
[17] A: Where is Mary?
B: There is a blue car outside Bill’s house.In the conversation, B breaches Quantity, but if A assumes that B is willing to cooperate with him, he will try to relate his question to B’s answer.Basing on their common sense that Mary has a blue car, and then he will understand that B is telling him that Mary is at Bill’s house.In advertisement, the advertiser violates the cooperative principle in the fourth way to attain a certain purpose, thus making the utterance produce ambiguity.Although the advertisement disobeys the principle, but it can arouse the audiences curiosity and induce them to buy the product and at last achieve a better effect.Look at some advertisements:
[18] “You can buy Happiness.”[30]
It is the slogan of a shampoo advertisement.The advertisement breaches the Manner Maxim—avoid ambiguity, for happiness has double meanings here: “delight” and “the name of the product”.It wants to express the meaning that if you buy Happiness, you will attain happiness.Although it breaches the Cooperative principle, it impresses the audiences deeply and arouses their interest to have a try.[19] “In our country we keep animals in the forest and people in the cages.” [31]
It is the advertisement for Volvo Car Company.From the ad, people may give an assumption that they keep animals in the forest while shut themselves in the cages.But to the common sense, the phenomenon is impossible.So the advertisement breaches the Quality that you only can say what you think is right.But through the context of the advertisement, the audiences can understand the cages refer to Volvo car, and finally know the meaning of the advertisement that the Volvo Company aims at producing more and better cars for people.[20] “The Unique Spirit of Canada: we bottled it.Right to the finish, its Canadian spirit stands out from the ordinary.What keeps the flavor coming.Super lightness.Supper taste.If that’s where you’d like to head, set your course for Lord Calvert Canadian.” [32]
The example is taken from the advertisement of Lord Calvert Canadian.At the first sight of the advertisement, people would be drawn, for they wonder what’s the unique spirit of Canada.After thinking, they would find “To bottle the spirit” has two meanings here: one is to bottle the liquor;the other is to put the Canadian spirit into this liquor.The advertisement breaches Manner Maxim but arouses people’s curiosity.pun in the advertisement has a great function.4.The pragmatic function of pun in advertisement
pun has a lot of advantages such as conciseness, wit and humor, novelty and vividness.It produces a particularly rhetorical and pragmatic effect when people use the language creatively in a specified context.The proper use can make the advertisement impressive and attractive.4.1 Wit and humor
pun, the game of word, produces wit and humor effect to attract the audiences’ attention and inspires their association.In the age of rapid rhythm, advertisement with pun like a spice makes people enjoy themselves in the advertising atmosphere, and reduces their pressure in a relaxed environment.[21] “When the wind has a bite… and you feel like a bite… then bite on a whole Nut.”[33]
The word “bite” has several meanings: grip, food, and eat.The whole sentence means that when the strong wind hurts you and you are very hungry, just eat some Nut.After day working, people would feel tired and hungry, while the advertisement is just the situation of them.Therefore, they would be attracted to buy the product, so they will not suffer hunger after work.Also, the sentence sounds like tongue twist.[22] “Excellent Taste!”[34]
It is a word in an advertisement for a whiskey product—Jamson.In the advertisement, when the hero drank the Jamson whiskey that the heroine introduced to him, he said, “Excellent Taste”.Generally speaking, “taste” means “favor”, but here, another meaning is “the ability to appreciate what is beautiful”.So the advertisement means: this kind f whiskey as good flavor;the heroine has high appreciation.The advertiser uses pun to praise both the product and the consumers who choose their product.It caters for people’ vanity and induces them to buy the product.4.2 Creativeness and originality
This is typical of advertising language.An advertisement has a high demand of diction every word playing an important role.If human emotions have to be inspired, the words, strong in expressing emotions, will be chosen.In advertisement, originality is king.A new way of sending message can set a brand apart from copycats and also-rans.So it is important to use something novel such as coinage in the advertisement to draw people’ attention.Normally, a new created word accepted by readers can enhance the freshness and attraction of the advertisement.Good advertisers use coinage to refresh the advertisement and to achieve its propagandist purpose.[23] “Cab Fourward.”[35]
It is an advertisement title of Ram Car produced by Doqi company.The word “fourward” sounds like “forward”.Connecting it with the picture in the advertisement, people would know why it uses ‘fourward”.Because the four doors of this kind of car could be opened from four directions.The advertiser creates the word “fourward” from “forward” to show the speciality of the car.[24] “Catch the Raincheetah and cheat the rain.”[36]
It is an advertisement in Toronto Daily Star.The punny word “Raincheetah”, the name of the raincoat, sounds like “raincheater” while the word “raincheater” derives from “windcheater”.The word “cheat” in the sentence makes it wonderful and let people feel that this kind of raincoat can protect the consumers well.pun gives people impression of novelty and interest.4.3 Satisfying people’s requirement of beauty
A good advertisement is a text from which people can appreciate the art of language, especially advertisement using pun.pun in advertisement is orderly and antithetic that makes people feel the aesthetic modality of language.The characters of pun, such as vividness, wit and humor, pleasure people’s spirit and let them enjoy the beauty of language.For instance:
[25] “Give your hair a touch of spring.”[37]
It is an advertisement for shampoo.The word “spring” here is very vivid and like a picture in people’ mind: after using the shampoo, the long hair becomes elastic and shining.When you stand there, your hair will go with wind.Everyone likes beauty, so the advertisement caters for people’ desire and induces them to buy the product to make them more beautiful.4.4 Satisfying the requirement of society--Economy
With the rapid development of the society, people become busier and busier, so they require short and easy remembered advertisement to supply the message they want.But how to impress the audiences is a question.The answer is using pun.But why is pun especially favored by the advertiser? The main reasons as following:
“Firstly, advertisement is paid message, with limited space and time, so it doesn’t allow verbiage to waste the investment.pun with double meaning has the characteristic of small carrier but plenty of connotations.So it is very economic, effective and money-saving to the advertiser.Secondly, in modern society, people pay more and more attention to effect, and get tired of the tedious advertisement.The pun in advertisement is usually formed by short sentences.Some use the name of the product as the theme of the advertisement.Some use excellent phrases to show the specialties of the product.To the audiences, it saves their time to get the information they want.Thirdly, usually, the audiences read or watch advertisement unintentionally and only can remember something unconsciously.So, to achieve expected propagandist effect, the advertisement must reduce the memory message.pun is suitable for the requirement.The content is short, the form rhythmic, and the style novel, which are easily remembered and impressed people deeply.”[38]
In a word, pun uses fewer words to express full message which is the content of Economy principle, and it usually reaches the purpose of advertisement that is arouse consumers’ attention to a commodity and induce them to use it.For instance:
[26] “Two beer or not two beer, that’s a question.----Shakesbeer”[39]
Looking at the beer advertisement, people would associate it with the proverb “To be or knot to be, that’s a question” in Hamlet.Shakesbeer is the name of the beer, but it sounds like “Shakespeare” who is known nearly all over the world, so it is easy for people to remember the Shakesbeer.And the word said by Hamlet is also very famous, especially in western country.The sentence is short and the pattern is famous, so people will remember the product naturally.[27] “Go well, Go Shell.”[40]
It is an advertisement for Shell Oil Company.“Well” sounds like “where”, so it implies that go to Shell company to buy oil.Only four words are used in the advertisement, but express the meaning fully and impress people deeply.Imagine that one day, when you drive your car, suddenly, the oil is run out.So you are wondering where to go, then, of course, you will remember the words “Go well, go Shell”.So you will go to Shell at once.The slogans impress the audiences deeply and persuade them to buy the product invisibly.[28] “Make Time For Time.”[41]
It is an advertisement for Time magazine.The advertisement uses the pun on homonymy of the word “time” to refer two meanings: common sense of time, and the name of he magazine.The advertisement means that read Time magazine to seize time.In the society full of competition, time is important and magazines also play an important role which people have to read to broaden their view.While Time magazine will not only broaden view, but also save your time.It satisfies people’s requirement.4.5 Implying Warning
Some advertisements imply warming.pun can make the warming vivid and effective so that people can pay attention to it.For instances:
[29] “Better late than the late.”[42]
It is a public service advertising of traffic.It derives from the proverb “Better late than never”.In the sentence, “the late” means” the dead”, and it reminds the drivers to drive slowly and carefully.The advertisement with pun here has more powerful to persuade the drivers to care their security.Another example:
[30] “The driver is safer when the road is dry;
The road is safer when the driver is dry.”[43]
It is also an advertisement for safe driving.The excellent word is “dry” which has double meanings: without water and without drinking.It expresses if the road is dry and the driver doesn’t drink, all drivers will be safer.The antitheses and thyme of the sentence has more powerful to warm people.4.6.Making the product more profitable and competitive
The speciality of pun is useful in advertisement, and favored by people.If a advertiser can make full use of it to satisfy people’s requirement, the product may precede others and gain the market.[31] “A deal with us means a good deal to you.”[44]
Here, the double meanings of “deal” are: the amount and business.The meanings of the advertisement are that: do trade with us is a good business to you;doing business with us, you will get a lot.Advertisers use pun skilful to inspire the audiences’ curiosity and attract their interest to do the deal.[32] “powe to influence others.”[45]
It is an advertisement for a Hector powe Clothing Company.They advocate that if you wear their clothes, you will have power to influence other people.Because “powe” is like “power”.It satisfies people’s desire of power, so they like to have a try.Thus, it will bring great profit to the powe company.Maybe people with the clothes can’t have more power, but the company has the power to influence the market.5.Conclusion
Advertisement is a way for the company to propaganda their product.To gain the market among the severe competition, it is important to carry out a wonderful advertisement to promote their product, and figures of speech is an effective way to achieve the purpose.Among the figures, pun is a wide and frequent approach, because it is an effective way to make the advertisement attractive, accurate, striking, vivid and forceful.Although pun violates the pragmatic maxims, it can correspond to the requirement that said by Geoffrey N.Leech, a famous British linguist, that advertising words must be vivid, conspicuous and impressive, with high readability and the force to promote sales, so it is used widely in advertisement.pun in advertisement has many forms of expression such as pun on polysemy, homophone, hononymy, parody, illustrations and words, grammar, etc.and can result in the effects of humor, wit, beauty, economy, warning, and even makes the product more competitive and profitable.So only understand its pragmatic analysis, types and function of pun, can it be used rightly and make the advertisement sweet to the ear, and pleasing both the eye and mind.Bibliography
[1] Oxford Advanced Learner’s English—Chinese Dictionary [Z], Oxford University press,1997/7, p1202
[2] 王燕希，广告英语一本通[M]，广东，对外经济贸易大学出版社，2004/6，p7
[3] 张昭苑，段海生，English Advertisement and Its Translation[J], 重庆邮电学院学报（社会科学版），2004/11，p605
[4] 戴炜栋，何兆熊，新编简明英语语言学教程[M]，上海外语教育出版社，2002/7，p74-75
[5] 付红桥，简析广告中的双关语[J]，重庆工学院学报，2004/6，18（3），p42
[6] 赵永冠，英语广告中的双关语[J]，广西，钦州师范高等专科学校学报，2003/12，18（4），p50
[7] 同[4] p75
[8] 杨惠馨，英汉广告中的双关语及其英汉互译[J]，新疆师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版），2003/9，24（3），p180
[9] 同[7] p49
[10] 同[6] p52
[11] 同[7] p49
[12] 同[4] p1067
[13] 同[7] p49
[14] 同[6] p51
[15] 同[7] p50
[16] 同[7] p49
[17] 同[6] p50
[18] 同[8] p75
[19] 同[8] p75
[20] 同[7] p49
[21] 姜望琪，语用学理论及应用[M]，北京大学出版社，2000，p34
[22] 同[21] p34
[23] 同[21] p39
[24] 同[21] p39
[25] 同[21] p40
[26] 同[21] p40
[27] 同[21] p44
[28] 同[21] p44
[29] 同[21] p44
[30] 金井，英语广告中的双关语[Z]，北京，英语通，2005/10，p50
[31] 经贸英语教研室，语用原则和广告双关语[J]，长沙民政学院外语系，2005/7/28，p36
[32] Du Juan, On the Diction Characteristics of English Newspaper Advertisement [J], Journal
of Lan Zhou University(social sciences), 2000,vol.28, p236
[33] 同[7] p50
[34] 同[30] p50
[35] 同[6] p35
[36] 王燕，英语广告双关语的语用技巧及其语用分析[J]，湖南科技学院学报，2005/10，p296
[37] 同[5] p42
[38] 同[30] p50
[39] 周红，英语广告双关语的运用技巧及其语用功能[J]，北京，国际关系学院学报，2005，p123
[40] 同[5] p42
[41] 王笑施，广告英语语言技巧浅析[J]，北京邮电大学学报（社会科学版），2001/4，3（2），p62
[42] 同[41] p123
[43] 同[7] p50
[44] 同[39] p295
[45] 同[6] p51
点击咨询 