北京植物园导游词——中英文版

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第一篇:北京植物园导游词——中英文版

北京植物园导游词

各位团友: 大家好!

我是今天的导游员小A,很荣幸带领大家来度过一段愉快的时光。今天我们要参观的是美丽的北京植物园。它是一个集科普、科研、游览等功能于一体的综合性植物园,是国家重点建设的植物园之一。

首先,我来向大家介绍一下我们今天的行程安排及注意事项。我们的游览路线是:首先参观植物展览区的大温室,然后前往卧佛寺,最后去曹雪芹纪念馆。在参观的过程中,请大家不要采摘植物园中的植物,不要随便碰、摸植物,有的植物具有剧毒,千万不要品尝植物的花、果等。整个参观过程中,请大家紧跟队伍,不要走丢,而且要保管好自己的随身物品。

在开始游览之前呢,我先就北京植物园的基本情况向大家做一个简单的介绍。北京植物园位于海淀区香山公园和玉泉山之间,1956年经国务院批准建立。规划面积400公顷,现已建成开放游览区200公顷,由植物展览区、名胜古迹区,科研区和自然保护区组成。园内引种栽培植物10000余种近150万株。收集栽种植物3000余种,是目前我国北方最大的植物园。

北京植物园由植物展览区、名胜古迹人文景观、自然保护区和科研区组成。植物展览区包括观赏植物区(专类园)、树木园、盆景园、温室花卉区。名胜古迹游览区由卧佛寺、樱桃沟、隆教寺遗址、“一二·九”纪念亭、梁启超墓、等组成。

在2000年1月,北京植物园被评为首批国家AAAA级旅游景区,以其优美的环境、优良的秩序、优质的服务和优秀的文化迎接着国内外宾客。

好了,现在咱们到达了我们的第一个目的地——植物展览温室。

植物展览温室是北京植物园的一个中心展室,动工兴建始于1998年3月28日,2000年1月1日开始接待游人,它的建筑面积9800平方米,占地5.5公顷,是目前亚洲最大,世界单体温室面积最大的展览温室。

它划分为四个主要展区:热带雨林区、沙漠植物区、四季花园和专类植物展室。展示植物3100种60000余株,为群众提供观赏丰富多彩的植物景观、学习科学知识、具有较高品位的游览点。

下面大家有半个小时的自由参观时间,里面有导游会对其中的植物进行讲解,咱们半个小时后出口见。

除了展览温室以外,植物展览区还有很多其他的园,如:观赏植物区有牡丹园、月季园、碧桃园、丁香院、海棠园、盆景园、木兰园、集秀园(竹园)、宿根花卉园、芍药园和正在筹建中的梅园等11各专类园;树木园有银杏松柏区、槭树蔷薇区、椴树杨柳区、木兰小檗区和悬铃木麻栎区、泡桐白蜡区等。

现在咱们达到卧佛寺了。

卧佛寺是一座唐代保存至今的古刹,全寺倚山而立,主要建筑有天王殿、三世佛殿和卧佛殿。卧佛殿是全寺的精华,殿内有一尊巨大的铜卧佛。佛身长5米多,重约54吨,作卧睡状,侧身躺在高榻上,相传这是释迦牟尼在印度涅盘时的姿势。旁边站着十二尊泥塑小佛像,表现释迦牟尼向他的弟子嘱咐后事的情景。在三世佛殿的前面,有一株古老的娑罗树,据说是从印度移植来的,是佛国三宝树之一,象征释迦牟尼涅盘于娑罗树下。由于佛寺内部不允许讲解,那么下面大家自由参观吧!30分钟后后我们在门口集合,去往下一个景点。

现在,我们到达今天的最后一站,也就是曹雪芹纪念馆了。大家都知道曹雪芹是我国伟大的文坛巨匠,而这一组低矮院墙环绕的长方形院落则被部分专家认为是他撰写不朽著作《红楼梦》的地方,后以此为基础建成了纪念馆。纪念馆前后两排共18间房舍,仿清代建筑,前排展室陈列有清代旗人的生活环境、曹雪芹在西山生活创作环境的模型等。后排6间展室内容为曹雪芹的生平家世、《红楼梦》的影响两部分。此外,纪念馆还另辟专室展出对曹雪芹研究的成果及各种版本的《红楼梦》。感兴趣的游客朋友可以自由进去参观,我们半小时后在门口集合。

好了,咱们今天的旅行就到这了,感谢大家的配合和支持,如有什么做的不好的地方还请多多包涵,希望大家旅途愉快,并且期待我还能成为您下一次旅行的导游。谢谢!

Beijing Botanical Garden

Ladies and gentlemen, It is a pleasure foe me to be your guide.Today we'll visit the beautiful Beijing Botanical Garden.I'm sure you can get closer to nature and appreciate nature's wonders at here.First of all, I've come to tell you something about today's arrangement and some announcements.Our route is to visit to the Plant Exhibition Greenhouse firstly, then we'll go to the Reclining Buddha Temple, and finally to Memorial Hall of Cao Xueqin.During the visit, please don't touch or pick the plants in the Botanical Garden.More importantly, some plants are highly toxic, please don't taste any of them.In addition, during the visit, please closely follow the team , don't get lost, and take care of your own belongings.Please pay attention to the time and do not be late.Before reaching our destination, I'd like to give a brief introduction of the Beijing Botanical Garden.It is located between the Xiangshan Park and the Jade Spring Mountain in Haidian District in Beijing.It is first built after the approval of the State Council in 1956.The garden.has a planning area of 400 hectares, half of which has been opened to the public.It consists of four parts, the exhibition area of plants, places of interest areas, research areas and nature reserves.It is the largest botanical garden in northern China with more than 10,000 species of introduction and cultivation.Beijing Botanical Garden consistes with four parts: the exhibition area of plants, historical sites, cultural landscapes, nature reserves and research zone.The exhibition area of plants includes the ornamental plants exhibition area(special garden)、arboretum、bonsai garden and greenhouse flower district.While the touristic places are composed of the Reclining Buddha Temple、Cherry Vale, Education Temple、a pavilion for “The movement on December Ninth” , Liang Qichao tomb, and so on.In January 2000, the Beijing Botanical Garden was named as the first national AAAA grade scenic spot.It attracts a large number of domestic and foreign guests with its beautiful environment, graceful order, high-quality service and excellent culture.Well, now we have reached our first destination-the Plant Exhibition Greenhouse.It is the center of the Beijing Botanical Garden and was first built on March 28th, 1998.On January 1st, 2000, it began to receive visitors.The Plant Exhibition Greenhouse covers a floor space of 9,800 square meters and is the largest one in Asia and the largest single exhibition of greenhouse in the world.It is divided into four main area: the tropical rain forest、the desert flora、the seasonal gardens and the special plants galleries, which show more than 60,000 strains of 3100 kinds of plants, to provide people with a variety of ornamental plants.It's also a high-grade tourist attraction for people to learn scientific knowledge.Ok,now you can visit freely , the special guide in the Plant Exhibition Greenhouse will give excellent introduction about every plant there, I'll see you half an hour later at the gate.In addition to the Plant Exhibition Greenhouse, there are many other parks.For example there are Rose park、China rose park、Peach park、Begonia park、Bonsai park、Magnolia park、Perennial flower park、Peony park and the 11 special park which are under-construction;

The arboretum can be divided into the Arboretum ginkgo Area、the maple Rosa area、the willow area、Platanus Quercus Berberis area、Paulownia Ash area and so on.Now we have reached the Reclining Buddha Temple, which is a well-preserved ancient temples from the Tang Dynasty.In the whole standing temple , the main building are the King Hall, the Three Generation Buddha Hall, and the Reclining Buddha Hall.The Reclining Buddha Hall is the essence of the whole temple, which is a huge hall with a copper reclining Buddha.The copper reclining Buddha body is more than 5 meters in length and weights about 54 tons.It is lying as if he is sleeping, according to legend this is the posture of Buddha Nirvana in India.Twelve little clay statues stand by, this performance tells the story about the Buddha enjoin on his disciples about the funeral.In front of the Three Generation Buddha Hall there is a tree, which is said to be transplanted from India.It is one of three holy Buddhist three and also the symbol of Buddha Nirvana.As it is not allowed to give introduction in the internal Buddhist temples, you can visit freely in the next thirty minutes ,and we'll meet again here and go down the next spot.OK, we arrive at our last stop, which is the Memorial Hall of Cao Xueqin.We all know that Cao Xueqin is one of China's greatest literary masters, and this group building of rectangular courtyard surrounded by low walls were part of house which are believed by some experts as the place where he wrote the immortal book “Dream of Red Mansions”.There are a total of 18 houses in this Memorial Hall , as imitation of the Qing Dynasty architecture.The front exhibition room displays the living environment of the Qing Dynasty, it is also the model of Cao's creative living environment in the Western Hills.The 6 back galleries content the life of Cao Xueqin's family and the effect of the “Dream of Red Mansions”.In addition, the museum also set up a gallery show the research results of Cao Xueqin and various versions of the “Dream of Red Mansions.” Tourists interested are free to visit inside, and we will assemble at this door after half an hour's visit.Well, so much for my explanation today, I hope it can help you to have a better understanding of this place and those plants.Thanks for your attention and I am looking forward to your next visit.Thank you!

第二篇:北京天安门 中英文导游词

北京天安门 中英文导游词

Tian’anmen(the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing.It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen(the Gate of Heavenly Succession).At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war.When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers.The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate.The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep.According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place.The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:

1)The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian(Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court.The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan(tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen(Gate of supreme Harmony)

2)The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting(dragon pavilion).Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen(Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower.3)A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict.The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.4)The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord.The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites.5)The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”.During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage.It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark(Dr.Sun Yat-sen’s Park), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave.The Park was formerly called Shejitan(Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land.It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao(the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe(Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it.Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao(Imperial Bridge).The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao(Royal’s Bridges).Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao(ministerial Bridges).The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao(common Bridges).They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries.They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway.In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao.They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon.Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns.The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources.One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar.Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour.He was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time.Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” Wangjunhui”(Expecting the emperor’s coming back)and “ wangjunchu”(Expecting the emperor’s going out)respectinvely.In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant for important occasions.The two rows of chaofang(antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration.On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the founding of the People’s Republic of China.Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chinea.Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”.Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world.The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history.It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper.Tian’anmen Square

Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares(109 acres)that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings.It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day on May 1st and national Day on October 1st.Around the Square are several famous buildings:

The Great Hall of the People

This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world.Built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’ Congress of China in the south.In addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao.Each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution These two museums were also built in 1959.the museum of Chinese History houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process of Chinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:

1)The Primitive Society(1.7 million years ago to the 21st century BC);

2)The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.);

3)The Feudal Society(475 BC.To 1840 AD.);

4)The Semi-Colonial and Semi-Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.)

The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to 1949.3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes

the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people.Its construction began on August 1, 1952 and was not completed until 1958.in the form of an obelisk, the Monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble.The purple piece inlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province.It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in)high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country.Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value.On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to the People’s Heroes!”.On the back of the Monument is an article written by Chairman Mao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai.At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude.At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the Chinese historic events since 1840.They are:

1)The Burning of Opium in 1840: 2)The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi;3)The Revolution of 1911;4)The May Fourth Movement of 1919;5)The May 30th Movement of 1925;6)The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi;7)The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945;8)The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’s Liberation Army in 1949.This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplying the Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”.4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum

Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passed away on Sepember 9, 1976.In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the following year.The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977.The mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculpture.East of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the New Democratic Revolution(1919-1949), and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the Chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 1949.The sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children.Inside the Mausoleum are three main sections: A white marble statue of Chairman Mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby.On the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long(79-foot-long)tapestry, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country.In the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which Chairman Mao’s body lies stately with the Communist Party’s flag covering over him.On the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by Chairman Mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed in gold inlay.It expresses his full great expectations for the country.Tian’ anmen Square has now completed its renovation after eight months’ hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the People’s Republic in 1999.各位游客朋友:

我们我们现在已经来到了天安门广场。大家可以看一下,我们现在的位置是在天安门广场南北方向的中轴线上,距我们南面的人民英雄纪念碑大约有100米左右的距离。我们今天在天安门广场游览的时间是30分钟。

大家向我这里聚一下,我先给大家简要介绍一下天安门广场的主要景观。(手势,向北指)大家先向这边看。(稍停顿,待游客目光集中于手指方向)我爱北京--天-安-门。一会儿,我会向大家详细介绍天安门的的沧桑历史。除了天安门城楼外,我还要向您介绍天安门前的金水桥、以及桥前的华表和石狮。大家回一下头,您看到了,这就是庄严挺拔的人民英雄纪念碑了,随后我也将向您讲一讲她的故事。纪念碑南边的建筑就是“毛主席纪念堂”,我们今天的行程没有安排大家瞻仰毛主席遗容,如果您有意去的话,可以告诉我,我会尽量满足您的愿望。天安门广场东侧的建筑是中国革命历史博物馆,这里陈列了大量珍贵的革命历史文物。和她相对着的,(手势,向西指)西边的这座建筑,就是非常著名的“人民大会堂”。关于她,一会儿我也会向您做详细介绍。

好好好,大家现在可以在广场上拍照留念。拍照前我给大家提个醒,大家尽量避免站在这条中轴线上拍照,旗杆可能会影响您的拍摄效果。另外,大家如果在纪念碑前拍照的话,建议您到纪念碑的那一侧去拍,在这边是逆光,会影响照片的效果。给大家10分钟时间,拍完照请到这里集合,我在这里等大家.下面我首先为大家介绍一下天安门城楼。天安门原为明清两代皇城的正门,始建于明永乐十五年(1417),最初叫做承天门,取“承天启运,受命于天”之意。清顺治八年(1651年)重修而改名天安门,含“受命于天”和“安邦治民”的意思。至今已有580多年的历史了,是全国重点文物保护单位。天安门城楼,建筑在巨大条石砌成的须弥座式城台上,造型庄重浑厚,宏伟典雅,是中国传统建筑艺术的典型代表作之一。城楼通高34.7米。城台上的大殿宽九楹(62.77米),进深五楹(27.25米),象征封建帝王的“九五”至尊。大殿为重檐歇山式,朱墙黄琉璃瓦顶。南面设有菱花隔扇门、窗36扇,殿内外立有直径2米的巨柱60根,天花、斗拱、梁枋等处、均绘满了最高等级的金龙和玺彩画,金碧辉煌,极为雄伟壮观。

1988年的元旦,天安门城楼正式对外向游客开放。在天安门高大的暗红城墙中辟有五个券洞门,明清时代,这里的门、桥行走规制森严,中门为皇帝进出专用。皇帝每年冬至往天坛祭天,夏至去地坛祭地,孟春赴先农坛耕籍田,都要出入天安门。那么,在当时,是不是只有皇帝一人才能进出中门呢?这位朋友答的对,不是。大家知道还有什么人可以走这里吗?(稍做停顿)让我来告诉大家。此外,皇帝的父母可从中门入宫;皇帝大婚,皇后可从中门进入一次;新科状元等“金殿传胪”后,可从中门出宫一回。除此之外,严禁任何人进出,否则是要治重罪的。中门左右的两座旁门,供宗室王公和三品以上文武百官通行。过去天安门是座只进喜,不出丧的吉祥之门

好好天安门的设计者是蒯(kuǎi)祥。蒯祥是江苏吴县人,明初洪武年间生于木匠家庭,他的父亲是一位有名望的木工师傅,能主建大型工程。蒯祥受父亲影响,从小学艺,勤奋好学,聪慧过人,三十来岁时,已成为才华出众的木工匠师了。燕王朱棣,也就是后来的永乐皇帝,经“靖难之役”取得帝位后,决定从南京迁都北京。永乐四年至十八年(1406-1420),明成祖朱棣调集全国各地的能工巧匠前来北京营建工程巨大、难度极高的天安门(初名承天门)等宏伟建筑。蒯祥以高超的设计方案和精湛的建筑技艺,被推选为皇宫工程的建筑设计师。当时人们尊称他为“蒯鲁班”。蒯祥曾担任建筑皇家宫殿的官吏,直至工部左侍郎等官职,为中国的民族建筑艺术创下了光辉的业绩。天安门是明清两朝历代帝王“金凤颁诏”的重地,凡遇国家庆典、新帝即位、皇帝结婚、册立皇后,都需要在此举行“颁诏”仪式。届时于城楼大殿前正中设立宣诏台。由礼部尚书在紫禁城太和殿奉接皇帝诏书,盖上御宝,把诏书敬放在云盘内,捧出太和门,置于抬着的龙亭内,再出午门,登上天安门城楼。然后将诏书恭放于宣诏台上,由宣诏官进行宣读。文武百官按等级依次排列于金水桥南,面北而跪恭听。宣诏完毕,就把皇帝诏书衔放在一只木雕金凤的嘴里,再用黄绒绳从上系下,礼部官员托着朵云盘在下跪接,接着用龙亭将诏书抬到礼部,经黄纸誊写,分送各地,布告天下。这种颁发封建帝王圣旨礼仪的全过程,就叫做“金凤颁诏”。

好好我国古代有“人生四喜”的说法,也就是“久旱逢甘霖,他乡遇故知,洞房花烛夜,金榜题名时。现在,问大家一个有意思的问题,哪位朋友知道,金榜题名的金榜张贴在什么地方?(稍停,待游客猜测)到底在哪里呢?请听我下文分解。明清时代盛行科举制度,每逢殿试后的第三天,新考中的进士们恭立于天安门金水桥南,等候传呼他们进太和殿朝拜皇帝的礼仪,名叫”金殿传胪“。当在太和殿传胪唱名后,礼部官员捧着皇帝钦定的”黄榜“,带领新科状元、榜眼、探花们出午门,再将黄榜放在龙亭内,在鼓乐仪仗的簇拥下抬出天安门,将黄榜张贴于”龙门“,也就是当时的长安左门外的”龙棚“里,公布天下,这里就是张贴金榜的地方,长安左门的位置大致是现在的劳动人民文化宫门前东南侧。天安门历经沧桑,在新中国成立后,更焕发出了耀人的光彩。1949年的10月1日,毛泽东主席在天安门城楼上向全世界宣布了社会主义新中国的诞生,天安门不再是至高无上的封建皇权的象征,而成为了一个新生的人民民主国家的标志,在国徽图案的中央,我们可以看到这座庄严雄伟的建筑。建国以后,这里成为国家举行重大庆典活动的场所,特别是每逢国庆,党和国家领导人都要登上天安门城楼主持庆典并和各界群众联欢。

天安门前的金水河又称御河、外金水河。河上横跨七座石桥,中桥正对天安门的中门,叫御路桥,最宽大,雕龙修饰,供帝、后专用。两旁桥名”王公桥“,为宗室王公行走。外侧的两桥称”品级桥“,供三品以上官员通行。以上五桥均为三孔。位于太庙(今劳动人民文化宫)和社稷坛(今中山公园)门前的单孔石桥,叫”公生桥“,为四品以下官员过往。那时门、桥行走等级森严,不得有丝毫触犯。

天安门前,也是明清两代进行”秋审“和”朝审“的地方。封建王朝的最高执法机关--刑部衙门,每年五月要把全国各省被判死刑的囚犯名单汇集起来,敬呈皇帝过目。八月中旬,皇帝诏令有关官员在天安门前进行最后判决,这叫秋审。朝审则在霜降后举行,主要终审在北京刑部监狱里关押的死刑犯。这就是为什么以前被判处死刑的人要”秋后问斩“。凡经”秋审“、”朝审“判处死刑的人,立即推出”虎门“--长安右门,押赴宣武门外的菜市口等刑场处决。因此人们对长安左、右门,有”龙门“与虎门之称。即凡出”'龙门“者,荣登金榜,前程似锦;而押出”虎门“者,则被终判死罪,毫无生还之望。长安右门的位置大致是在现中山公园门前西南侧。

在天安门南北门外,分别耸立有一对雕刻精美、挺拔秀丽的云龙华表。据《淮南子·主术训》记载,远在尧舜时代就有街头设”表木“的做法,用以王者”纳谏“,征求民众意见以治天下。到秦汉时期,表木被改为指路标,叫华表。后来华表经不断美化,便逐渐演变成为中国独具民族建筑特色的艺术装饰品,深为世人所青睐。” “系神话传说中的神异物,用汉白玉石雕成蹲于每支华表顶端的承露盘中,双目炯炯有神,密切注视前方。于天安门里的” “脸朝北,双目紧盯皇宫,名”望君出“,它提醒皇帝不要迷恋深宫生活,而应及时出宫巡视,以利治理天下。在天安门外一对华表的” “则脸朝南,双目向远方眺望,名”望君归“。它时时关注皇帝外巡中的行为举止,如不检点或时间长了,”望君归“就呼唤帝王不得沉米山水、野趣、而应早日回宫,料理国家大事。

好好天安门金水桥前的这一对大石狮,雕工精绝,造型逼真,威武异常。它们的双目都紧紧注视着天安门前正中的御道(中轴线),以体现它们是封建帝王忠实的卫士身份。朋友们来看西边的这一只石狮,它的肚皮上有一个深深的洞,这是怎么回事呢?这里有一个很有传奇色彩的故事,据说明代崇祯十七年(1644年)四月,农民起义军首领闯王李自成攻打北京时,当他率军冲进天安门前的”T“形广场后,只见皇城的大门--”承天门“就在眼前。对此,他愤怒地拈弓搭箭,只听”嗖….“的一声,正射中承天门匾额的”天“字,顿时众军喝彩,欢声雷动,随后李闯王收起硬弓,挺枪跃马一直奔金水桥冲杀过去。突然,桥头的两只大石狮张牙舞爪,凶猛阻挡去路。闯王见此怒不可遏,挺枪刺去,即刻火花四溅,长枪戳向了一只狮子的腹部。双狮见势不妙,拖着悲惨的哀鸣声,各自退回了原位。现在的这个洞,就是枪伤疤了。

朋友们,我们面前的这条街就是有”神州第一街“美誉的长安街。长安街,当年从长安左门至东单牌楼,名东长安街;从长安右门至西单牌楼,叫西长安街。古时东西长安街仅3.7公里,有十里长街之称,这是京城历史上有名的”天街“,其名取自盛唐时代的大都城--”长安“,含长治久安的之意。长安街修筑于明朝永乐四年至十八年(1406-1420),与皇城同时建造,是明代兴建北京城总体规划的重要组成部分之一。东西平行走向的长安街,与纵横南北八公里长的御道中轴线,在天安门前正好垂直相交成准确的”十“字型经纬座标中心点,从而构成了北京城座北朝南,街巷纵横的总体布局。原东、西长安左、右门前分别均竖有巨型下马碑,上刻”官员人等,到此下马。“古代皇宫内是严禁骑马的,除非是”金殿传胪“时的新科状元,可骑皇帝御赐的高头大马,在长安街上走过,以示”皇恩浩荡“。清王朝灭亡后,内城墙中东西两侧的建国门与复兴门在民国二十九年(1940)被打开的。新中国成立以后,街面被展宽为50-100米,东西长安街的延伸线东达通州,西抵石景山,总长50公里,有百里长街的美称。大家现在随我通过地下通道去天安门广场,上下台阶时请您注意安全。(天安门广场)我们现在处的这个位置是天安门广场,位于北京城的中心。其南北长880米,东西宽500米,占地面积44万平方米。可容纳100万人举行盛大的集会、游行,是当今世界上最宏大的城市中心广场和最著名的旅游胜地之一。在明清时代,天安门广场是一处皇家禁地,由宫墙围护,仅设三门。即南有大明门(清朝改称大清门,辛亥革命后叫中华门)、东有长安左门、西有长安右门。三门之间形成一个封闭式的”T“字形宫廷广场,原是天安门前举行皇家活动的重要场所。在”T“形广场的东、西、南三面,当时建有通脊联檐的朝房144间,名叫”千步廊“,以供场内活动之用。清代乾隆年间,又在东、西长安左、右门外加筑”三座门“,严禁行人过往。那时人们来往于东城和西城之间,需要绕行于大清门以南或地安门以北,极为不便。在天安门”T“形广场东、西千步廊外的大片地带,原是明清两代皇家最高官署衙门的集结之地。如:东侧(今历史博物馆一带)有礼部、户部、吏部、工部、兵部、宗人府、鸿胪寺、钦天监和太医院等中央文职机关。西侧(人民大会堂一带)设有銮仪卫(御林军)太常寺、通政司和前、中、后、左、右五军都督府等武职机构。过去有”文东武西“和”东掌生、西掌死“之说,指的就是这些关系到人们生死荣辱的封建王朝的最高权力衙门而言。明清两朝,从天安门”T“形广场南端的大明门(清时叫大清门,今毛主席纪念堂一带)至正阳门之间,有一块方形场地,宛如棋盘,故有”棋盘街"之名。当年人们喜爱在此贩卖风味小吃、小百货,以及表演戏曲、杂耍等,情似庙会,非常热闹。由于

第三篇:北京天坛中英文导游词

北京天坛是明朝永乐皇帝建成的祭天圣坛,也是我国现存最大的一处坛庙建筑。下面就是小编跟大家分享北京天坛中英文导游词,欢迎大家阅读!

The temple of heaven in Beijing is located in the southeast of Beijing outer urban, the imperial palace south by east, outside the qianmen east, the Ming dynasty in the eighteenth year of yongle(1420), is the ancient Chinese emperors of the Ming and qing dynasties all previous dynasties.The building complex is a place where emperors worship heaven, creating a symbolic link to strengthen the hierarchy of Confucius' society.The total area of 273 hectares is the building of the emperors of the Ming and qing dynasties used to “pray for heaven”.Temple of Heaven in 1961, the state council promulgated the Temple of Heaven as “the national key cultural relic protection unit”;Recognized by UNESCO as a “world heritage site” in 1998;In 2009, the temple of heaven in Beijing was selected by the China world records association, China's largest living emperor.The main attractions

Circular mound altar altar

Circular mound altar altar, also known as worship, worship the tiantai, altar, is an open-air three-layer circular stone altar, as the emperor worship place on the winter solstice, built during Ming jiajing nine years(in 1530), the qing emperor qianlong(1749)the expansion of fourteen years.The circumference of the altar is 534 meters, the altar is 5.2 meters high, and the number of columns and steps of each floor of the top and middle and lower levels are all in Yang(also known as “number of days”, which is a multiple of nine), and the symbol “jiu5”.The jars were lined with aiye.The surface of the jars is round and round, and all the surrounding circles are fans, and the number is also Yang.Each layer has a han-white marble column, which is a multiple of 9.The circular SLATE of the top center is called the solarite or the tianxin stone, and the sound wave will be reflected by the nearby panels to form a significant echo.In ancient China, the number of the singular is called the Yang number, and the double number is called the Yin number.In the number of Yang, the number 9 is “the pole of Yang number”, which indicates that the height of the celestial body is called “the number of days”.The ancients believed that nine is the pole of the Yang number, which indicates that the emperor is the son of heaven and the height of the emperor.Therefore, the whole circular mound altar USES the nine multiple to represent the authority of the heavenly son.The column of the circular mound and the number of steps, etc., are multiples of 9 or 9.The outer layer of the top round SLATE is a fanburning stove, a kiln, an oven, and a platform.North of the altar, there is a royal dry temple, with a width of five, originally placed the ancestor god card, later the card displacement to the temple.The altar also has a prayer gate, the god library, the god cook, the slaughter house, the walk and the corridor and other ancillary buildings.On the south side of the corridor there are seven stars stone, which is the stone of the jiajing period.The main building of the temple of heaven is the hall of prayer, which was built in the eighteenth year of Ming dynasty(1420).Every year, the emperor held a memorial service here, praying for good weather and good harvest.QiNianDian assumes the circular, diameter of 32 meters, QiNianDian 38 meters high, is a three double-hipped roof on the top of the gold treasure of a circular hall, temple eaves color deep blue, is blue glazed tile paving, because the day is blue, the symbol to day.The hall of prayer is excellent in architecture, and the hall of prayer, with 28 nanmu pillars and 36 links, is supported by the eaves of the three layers.The pillars have different symbolic meanings: the four pillars of the center are called the stud, representing the four seasons.The middle twelve pillars representing twelve months;The outer 12 eaves, representing the twelfth hour;The outer layers add up to 24 solar terms.The three layers add up to 28, representing 28 stars.The eight children's pillars on the top of the pillars represent 36 days gang;Baoding the thunder pillar, on behalf of the emperor.Its ancillary buildings include the imperial hall of the emperor, the year of the Lord, the god library, the kitchen of god, the slaughter house, the burnt wood stove, the garden, the table, the walk, and the 72 corridors.The square on the south side of the corridor has seven stars stone with carved mountain cloud pattern, which is the town stone laid in the Ming jiajing.This hall is located in the area of 5900 square meters of the round white jade platform, the platform is divided into 3 layers, the height is 6 meters, each layer has the hanbai jade baluster of carved flowers.This base and hall are inseparable art.When visitors across a front door of QiNianDian, to look and see the straight tube, extended to the south, along the porch of the gate, the smaller the farther, the distant end, have a feeling that came down from heaven.No wonder that a French architectural experts said after a visit to the temple of heaven: skyscrapers than QiNianDian much higher, but not QiNianDian that tall and profound artistic conception, reach QiNianDian height of art.The hall was burned and burned by lightning in 1889(15 years after the qing dynasty).It was said that the main columns of the temple were made of aloes wood, and when burned, the scent of the fragrance could be smelled outside of it.The next year, the emperor summoned the princes to discuss the restoration of the hall of prayer.Because can't find the pattern, in charge of the national construction affairs ministry kept once participated in the temple praying to the repair of the craftsmen were summoned, according to memory, oral, let them produce pattern, construction again.Therefore, the present prayer hall is the building of the qing dynasty guangxu period, but the basic building form, structure and the appearance of the Ming dynasty.Kowloon sunk panel

In the hall of prayer, the ceiling is a delicate “Kowloon caisson”, and longjing column is painted with gold.There is a plane inside the central circular marble, the decorative pattern on the end, is naturally formed longfeng pattern, a row dragon holding a phoenix, this is the “longfeng stone”, namely “in extremely good fortune”.Legend has it that the stone was originally only the phoenix pattern, but the top of the temple only had carved dragons, the older days, the dragon, the phoenix had the inspiration, the golden dragon often flies down to the phoenix to seek the phoenix.Only found one day to worship the emperor jiajing, bow to bow down on the stone, jinlong to fly back, together with the stone of the phoenix was emperor jiajing press it into a boulder, can no longer, since then became a deep shallow longfeng stone.When the house of prayer was burned in 1889, the dragon and phoenix stone was burned by the fire for a day and night.Although the stones were not burnt, the dragon grain was burnt to a light black, and the phoenix lines were blurred.In front of the hall, there are nine rooms of the east and west, which are called the east and west sides.God worship in Ming dynasty, in addition to offering prayers to god, but also with the royal family their ancestors, as well as day, month, five star, east, west, south, north, the big five yue, five township, five small yue, all four blaspheme(lakes), of the thunderstorm, mountains and rivers, tai sui, Taoism and so on various gods and every emperor, etc.Borrow from QiNianDian manner running, the sixth Beijing park festival will be opened in the temple of heaven QiNianDian on August 18, “ten interactive fitness competition”, “ten red movie retrospective”, “top ten brand” of the people's livelihood service hundreds of events such as weaving, give citizens rich cultural feast.The hall of abstinence

The palace is located in the west altar, covering an area of about 40,000 square meters and a double wall.There are 167 corridors around the inner wall.It is the guards' shelter.The main hall is one of the five famous buildings in Beijing.The top is covered with a blue glazed tile, indicating that you dare not call it before heaven.The front patio of the temple is equipped with a pavilion of inscriptions and a bronze pavilion of fasting, a bronze height of 1.5 ruler, wearing the ancient style of official clothes, holding a moment of “fasting” in the bronze medal, the legend of the tang dynasty prime minister wei zheng system(wei zheng is known for daring to admonish).After the main hall is five bedtimes, for the emperor to worship the place of the fast.Dan pursuit bridge

The danba bridge is also known as hai stud road, which is a broad path through the north-south and series central axis.It is built with white stone.Dani bridge north of the valley of prayer, south of circular mound altar, 360 meters long and 29 wide.Four meters, south is low north.In the road, the “Shinto road”, left “the imperial road”, right “wang dao”(accompany the courson road).Avenue, a east-west coupons hole under the call into the shape of the door, every time a sacrifice, all the “sacrifice” tied up with yellow wool, with wooden bowl sheng live fish, drums and through the door “, so the hole is also called the gate of hell.Seven star stone

Seven stars in the square on the east end of the corridor, there are eight large stones.It was said that when the Ming dynasty was founded in Beijing, it wanted to find a place to worship.One night, the gate of heaven was open, and the big dipper fell here, so it was built in heaven.In fact, these stones are very ordinary.In the nine years of Ming jiajing(1530), a Taoist priest said that the place was too empty for the emperor and huang shou.The qing dynasty added a stone to the northeast, indicating that it did not forget its ancestral home.The long corridor

The long corridor is also called the 72nd corridor, which is the link between god's kitchen and the god's kitchen, and also the main road to the hall of prayer.There were seventy-two in the gallery, and seventy in a second.The old legend was the place where the evil spirits gathered, and the shadows were whirling outside the window.Now the long corridor window can all be dismantled, become a beautiful and bright corridor, it is the good place for the tourist to rest the cool

well,that is all for this tour.thank you for your attention.i look forward to your next visit.good luck and bon voyage.北京天坛

北京天坛地处原北京外城的东南部,故宫正南偏东,正阳门外东侧,始建于明朝永乐十八年(1420年),是中国古代明、清两朝历代皇帝祭天之地。这个建筑综合体是帝王祭天的场所,它创造了一个象征性的联系,来加强孔子的社会的等级制度。总面积为273公顷,是明清两代帝王用以“祭天”“祈谷”的建筑。天坛(Temple of Heaven)1961年,国务院公布天坛为“全国重点文物保护单位”;1998年被联合国教科文组织确认为“世界文化遗产”;2009年,北京天坛入选中国世界纪录协会中国现存最大的皇帝祭天建筑。

主要景点

圜丘坛

圜丘坛又称祭天台、拜天台、祭台,是一座露天的三层圆形石坛,为皇帝冬至祭天的地方,始建于明嘉靖九年(1530年),清乾隆十四年(1749年)扩建。坛周长534米,坛高5.2米,分上、中、下三层,各层栏板望柱及台阶数目均用阳数(又称“天数”,即九的倍数),符”九五"之尊。坛面用艾叶青石砌就。坛面除中心石是圆形外,外围各圈均为扇面形,数目也是阳数。每层都有汉白玉栏板望柱,均为9的倍数。顶层中心的圆形石板叫做太阳石或者天心石,站在其上呼喊或敲击,声波会被近旁的栏板反射,形成显着的回音。

古代中国将单数称作阳数,双数称作阴数。在阳数中,数字9是“阳数之极”,表示天体的至高至大,叫作“天数”。古人认为九是阳数之极,表示至高至大,皇帝是天子,也至高至大,所以整个圜丘坛都采用九的倍数来表示天子的权威。圜丘坛的栏板望柱和台阶数等,处处是9或者9的倍数。顶层圆形石板的外层是扇面形石块,共有9层。最内一层有9块石块,而每往外一层就递增9块,中下层亦是如此。三层栏板的数量分别是上屋栏板72块,中层108块,下层180块,合360周天度数。三层坛面的直径总和为45丈,除了是9的倍数外,还暗含“九五之尊”的寓意。

圜丘坛外有两重围墙,内圆外方,四面各辟棂星门一座。西南角有望灯台三座(南北二座只余遗迹),东南角有燔柴炉、瘗坎、燎炉和具服台。坛东还有神库、神厨、宰牲亭、祭器库、乐器库和棕建库等附属建筑。

皇穹宇

圜丘坛以北是皇穹宇,皇穹宇院落位于圜丘坛外壝北侧,坐北朝南,圆形围墙,南面设三座琉璃门,主要建筑有皇穹宇和东西配殿,是供奉圜丘坛祭祀神位的场所。祭天时使用的祭祀神牌都存放在这里。它始建于嘉靖九年(1530年),初名泰神殿,十七年(1538年)起改称皇穹宇。乾隆十七年(1752年)重修后为鎏金宝顶单檐攒尖顶建筑,用蓝色琉璃瓦铺设屋顶,象征青天。大殿直径15.6米,高19.02米,由八根金柱和八根檐柱共同支撑起巨大的殿顶,三层天花藻井层层收进,构造精巧。殿正中有汉白玉雕花的圆形石座,供奉“皇天上帝”牌位,左右配享皇帝祖先的神牌。正殿东西各有配殿,分别供奉日月星辰和云雨雷电等诸神牌位。整个殿宇的外观状似圆亭,坐落在2米多高的汉白玉须弥座台基上,周围均设石护栏。另外,在皇穹宇殿前到大门中间的石板路上,由北向南的三块石板叫做三音石。在皇穹宇门窗关闭而且附近没有障碍的情况下,站立于第一块石板上击掌,可听到回音一声;于第二块石板上击掌,可听到回音两声;于第三块石板上击掌,可听到回音三声。

回音壁是皇穹宇的围墙。墙高3.72米,厚0.9米,直径61.5米,周长193.2米。墙壁是用磨砖对缝砌成的,墙头覆着蓝色琉璃瓦。围墙的弧度十分规则,墙面极其光滑整齐,对声波的折射是十分规则的。只要两个人分别站在东、西配殿后,贴墙而立,一个人靠墙向北说话,声波就会沿着墙壁连续折射前进,传到一、二百米的另一端,无论说话声音多小,也可以使对方听得清清楚楚,而且声音悠长,堪称奇趣,给人造成一种“天人感应”的神秘气氛。所以称之为“回音壁”。

祈年殿

祈年殿在天坛的北部,也称为祈谷坛,原名大祈殿、大享殿,始建于明永乐十八年(1420年),是天坛最早的建筑物。乾隆十六年(1751年)修缮后,改名为祈年殿。光绪十五年(1889年)毁于雷火,数年后按原样重建。目前的祈年殿是一座直径32.72米的圆形建筑,鎏金宝顶蓝瓦三重檐攒尖顶,层层收进,总高38米。

祈年殿的殿座就是圆形的祈谷坛,三层6米高,气势巍峨。坛周有矮墙一重,东南角设燔柴炉、瘗坎、燎炉和具服台。坛北有皇干殿,面阔五间,原先放置祖先神牌,后来牌位移至太庙。坛边还有祈年门、神库、神厨、宰牲亭、走牲路和长廊等附属建筑。长廊南面的广场上有七星石,是嘉靖年间放置的镇石。

天坛的主体建筑是祈年殿,始建于明永乐十八年(1420年)。皇帝每年都在这里举行祭天仪式,祈祷风调雨顺、五谷丰登。祈年殿呈圆形,直径32米,祈年殿高38米,是一座有鎏金宝顶的三重檐的圆形大殿,殿檐颜色深蓝,是用蓝色琉璃瓦铺砌的,因为天是蓝色的,以此来象征天。

祈年殿在建筑上出色之处是,祈年殿用28根楠木大柱和36块互相衔接的榜、桷,支撑着三层连体的殿檐。这些大柱有不同的象征意义:中央四柱叫通天柱,代表四季;中层十二根金柱,代表十二个月;外层十二根檐柱,代表十二时辰;中外层相加二十四根代表二十四节气;三层相加二十八根,代表二十八星宿;加柱顶八根童柱,代表三十六天罡;宝顶下雷公柱,代表皇帝一统天下。其附属建筑有皇乾殿、祈年门、神库、神厨、宰牲亭、燔柴炉、瘗坎、具服台、走牲路及72间长廊等。长廊南面的广场上有七星石,石上镂刻山形云纹图案,是明嘉靖时放置的镇石。

这座大殿坐落在面积达5900多平方米的圆形汉白玉台基上,台基分3层,高6米,每层都有雕花的汉白玉栏杆。这个台基与大殿是不可分的艺术整体。当游人跨出祈年殿的大门,往南望去,只见那条笔直的甬道,往南伸去,一路上门廊重重,越远越小,极目无尽,有一种从天上下来的感觉。难怪一位法国的建筑专家在游览了天坛之后说:摩天大厦比祈年殿高得多,但却没有祈年殿那种高大与深邃的意境,达不到祈年殿的艺术高度。这座大殿在1889年(清光绪十五年)被雷击起火焚毁,据说,当时殿的大柱是用沉香木做的,燃烧时,清香的气味,数里之外都可以闻到。翌年,皇帝召集群臣商量重建祈年殿。因找不到图样,掌管国家建筑事务的工部便把曾经参加过祈所殿修缮事务的工匠们召集来,让他们根据记忆、口述制成图样,再施工建造。因此,现在的祈年殿是清代光绪年间的建筑,但是,基本建筑形式、结构,还保留着明代的样子。

九龙藻井

祈年殿内,天花板处是精致的“九龙藻井”,龙井柱则是描金彩绘。殿内中央有一块平面圆形大理石,石面上的花纹,是自然形成的龙凤花纹,一条行龙抱着一只凤凰,这便是“龙凤石”,即“龙凤呈祥”。相传,这块石头上原来只有凤纹,而殿顶藻井内只有雕龙,年长日久,龙、凤有了灵感,金龙常常飞下来找凤石上的凤凰寻欢。不料有一天正遇见嘉靖皇帝来祭天,在石上跪拜行礼,金龙来不及飞回去,和石上的凤凰一起被嘉靖皇帝压进圆石里面,再也无法出来,从此才变成一深一浅的龙凤石。1889年祈年殿被焚烧时,这块龙凤石被烈火熏烧了一个昼夜,石块虽未被烧碎,但龙纹被烧成浅黑色,凤纹被烧得模糊不清。祈年殿前有东、西配殿各九间,称东庑和西庑,是收藏配神牌位的库房。明代祭天时,除祭祷皇天上帝外,还要配祭皇族朱氏祖先,以及日、月五星,东、西、南、北、中的五大岳,五小岳的五镇,四海四渎(河湖)、风云雷雨、山川、太岁、道教等各神祗和历代帝王等。

借于祈年殿的气势巍峨,第六届北京公园节将于8月18日在天坛祈年殿开幕,“十项互动健身竞赛”、“十部红色电影回顾展”、“十大服务民生品牌”等百余项活动交织登场,为市民献上丰富的文化盛宴。

斋宫

斋宫位于西坛门内,占地约四万平方米,双重围墙,内墙四周有廊167间,是卫士们避风雨处,正殿为五间无梁殿,是京城著名建筑之一。顶部用蓝色琉璃瓦覆盖,表示在天之前不敢称尊。殿前露台上设有时辰碑亭和斋戒铜人亭,铜人高1.5尺,身穿古代文官服,手持一刻有“斋戒”二字的铜牌,相传是仿唐朝宰相魏征而制(魏征以敢谏著称)。正殿后是五间寝宫,为皇帝祭祀前斋戒的地方。

丹陛桥

丹陛桥又叫海墁大道,是一条贯通南北、串联中轴线上建筑的宽广甬路,以白石筑成。丹陛桥北连祈谷坛,南接圜丘坛,长360米,宽29.4米,南低北高。路面中为“神道”,左为“御道”,右为“王道”(陪臣走的路)。大道下有一东西走向的券洞,叫进牲门,每次祭祀,都用黄绒线将“牲”捆好,用木盆盛活鱼,击鼓奏乐穿门而过,因此此洞也叫鬼门关。

七星石

七星石在长廊东端的广场上,有八块巨石。传 说明代建都北京时想寻找一祭天场所,一天夜里,天门大开,北斗七星落于此地,于是在此建天坛祀 天。其实这些石头极为普通,明嘉靖九年(1530 年),有一道士说这里太空旷,不利于皇位和皇寿,就设七石镇在这里。清朝又在东北方加一石头,表示不忘祖籍。

长廊

长廊也叫七十二廊,既是联接神库、神厨等处的纽带,也是通往祈年殿的主道。该廊有七十二间,又叫七十二连房。旧时传说是七十二地煞鬼聚集的地方,窗外松影婆娑,阴森可怖。现在长廊窗坎全部被拆除,成了一条美丽豁亮的通廊,是游人休息纳凉的好去处

第四篇:武汉植物园导游词

温室共分为三大展区:热带雨林展区,沙漠植物展区,兰花展区。首先大家来到的是热带雨林展区。总面积达1845平方米,是整个温室面积最大的一个主展区。栽培物种1500余种,包括棕榈科、桑科、凤梨科、天南星科、百合科、姜科、芭蕉科、竹芋科、五加科、大戟科、秋海棠科以及各种蕨类。该室模拟热带雨林风光,也以热带亚热带植物为主,按照其地势高低和功能不同,分别配植,形成独特的热带雨林生态景观。突出原始丛林氛围,棕榈科有大王椰子、老人葵(老人葵又叫华盛顿葵,棕榈科华盛顿科属,原产印度、马来西亚等地。木本植物,常绿乔木类,观叶类,常绿椰子树。)、糖棕(对于产糖植物而言,人们最熟悉的莫过于南方的甘蔗和北方的甜菜,其实,棕榈科里的糖棕也是一位产糖“能手”。糖棕产于热带亚洲和非洲,树型高大,羽状叶片巨大而稠密,其花蜜含糖分。花序被割开之后能流出大量的糖汁,雌株的汁液量比雄株约多50%,汁液可作饮料、发酵制酒或浓缩熬煮5小时成糖。)热带水果有人心果(人心果属山榄科人心果属。原产墨西哥及中美洲,以及东南亚。中国主要分布在海南、广东、福建、台湾、广西、云南等地。常绿乔木。人心果,因果实的纵切面形像人的心脏而得名。采收后放置5~7天再吃,滋味最佳。树皮的乳汁为制口香糖的胶料;种仁含油达20%,根、皮、叶均可供药用。)、芒果(芒果是漆树科芒果属,享有“热带果王”的美称。芒果树是常绿乔木。芒果的营养价值很高,维生素A含量高达3.8%,比杏子还要多出1倍。维生素C的含量也超过桔子、草莓。芒果含有糖、蛋白质及钙、磷、铁等营养成分,均为人体所必需。食之不晕船恶心。)、杨桃(又因横切面如五角星,故国外又称之为“星梨”。是久负盛名的岭南佳果之一。酢浆草科,常绿或半常绿乔木。能生津止渴。叶有利尿,散热毒、止痛、止血作用。除含糖10%外,还含有丰富的维生素A和C。)。其中飞瀑迎客、碧水赏珠、洞天福地、茅亭小径。

进门大家就看到的这棵是龙血树,一种热带常绿乔木,为龙舌兰科,龙血树属。它的树皮一旦被割破,便会流出殷红的汁液,象人体的鲜血一样,因此而得名。它大多分布于海拔较高的石灰岩地区,高可达20米,属国家二类保护植物。龙血树的汁液有极高的药用价值,可提炼名贵的云南红药——血竭,又名麒麟竭,与云南白药齐名,又是著名药品“七厘散”的主要成份,李时珍在《本草纲目》中誉之为“活血圣药”,有活血化瘀,消肿止痛,收敛止血的良好功效,既可内服,又可外用,是治疗跌打损伤、活血、止血的特效药。1972年我国著名植物学家、西双版纳热带植物园创始人蔡希陶教授首次在云南省思茅地区孟连县境内的石灰山上发现大片龙血树。龙血树生长很缓慢,一年之内树干增粗还不到1厘米,但在植物界中它的生命期最长,可达八千年,因此被植物学家们誉之为“植物寿星”。

大家看到的这棵是木棉树,木棉科落叶大乔木,因它长的很笔直伟岸,花开的火红,象鲜血一样,所以又叫英雄树。树身高大概l0米左右,树和枝长有扎人的硬刺。主要生长在我国的南方地区。每年的三四月份开花,其花称木棉花可当药材,有清热祛湿的作用,是广州市的市花。这里它主要展示的是热带雨

林特有的板根现象。

植物一般是根系扎进土壤,执行吸收水分、养分,供应地上部分茎干、枝叶生长的功能,也起着承受地上部分重力的支撑作用。为了更好地执行上述的功能,根系总向深度和广度两个方面发展,热带雨林中、上层乔木,一般三四十米粉,并且它们的树冠也很宽大。如果没有强有力的根系做基础,这些树木便会头重脚轻站不稳,会下陷或因热带的暴风雨而被摧倒。由于热带雨林处在多雨、潮湿的气候条件,土壤中的水分在很长的雨季总是处于饱和或近于饱和的状况,树木的根系因“呼吸”所需,它们很难深入到空气缺乏深土层中。既然难以进入深层土壤又要执行对地上部分的支撑作用,它们便采取向地面空间发展的策略。象这棵木棉树,选择的是把树干的茎部如翅膀状向四周延伸,形成板状的根,称为“板根”,并沿着地面逶迤延伸,加以解决“头重脚轻根底浅”的难题。自然界生物的奇妙就在于它们与环境的协调关系,适者生存。

在木棉树下的是金苞花,又名金苞虾衣花,爵床科厚穗爵床属常绿亚灌木。苞片心形,金黄色,长约3cm;花乳白色,唇形,长5cm左右,从苞片中伸出。原产秘鲁和墨西哥。金苞花养护管理一是温度要合适。它的生长适温为20℃至28℃,二是光照要适宜。三是水分要充足。四是土壤要通透良好。五是肥料要对路。

走在美丽的热带雨林里,不经意间,你可能会突然发现:某株高大乔木的树干上生长着一丛奇怪的翠绿色叶片,既有向上丛生的,也有向下悬垂的,每张叶片的顶端都分裂成两瓣,每一瓣又接着分裂成两瓣,依此类推数层,看起来酷似马鹿的角。这就是著名的野生观赏植物、国家二级重点保护植物——鹿角蕨。就是大家看到的这棵,它为鹿角蕨科鹿角蕨属多年生常绿附生草本观叶植物,虽然鹿角蕨以高大乔木的树身为家园,但对乔木却没有什么伤害,因为它是附生植物,而不是寄生植物,它仅靠空气和雨水赐予的食物即可养活自己,而不需要再吸取乔木的营养。国内首次发现野生鹿角蕨是在云南省大盈江的原始森林里,因为鹿角蕨常常附生在树干的节疤上或树桠处,所以当地人也称它为“树衣衫”。

大家再抬头向上看这棵植物,它有多片阔大的叶子环生于短茎周围,中央成一盆状,因此得名鸟巢蕨。为铁角蕨科巢蕨属多年生阴生草本观叶植物,如果你也想种植鸟巢蕨,要知道它也是附生型蕨类,所以栽培时一般不能用普通的培养土,而要用蕨根、树皮块、苔藓、碎砖块拌和碎木屑、椰子糠等用为盆栽基质,同时用透气性较好的栽培容器,并在容器底部填充碎砖块等较大颗粒材料,以利通气排小。亦可将鸟巢蕨直接种于假树或木段上,但须经常喷水,以保持较高的空气湿度。鸟巢蕨喜温暖、潮湿和较强散射光的半阴条件。在高温多湿条件下终年可以生长,其生长最适温度为20-22。不耐寒,冬季越冬温度为5。春季和夏季的生长盛期需多浇水,并经常向叶面喷水,以保持叶面光洁。一般空气湿度以保持70%-80较适宜。

但浇水时也要注意盆中可积水,否则容易烂根致死。生长季每两周施腐熟液肥一次,以保证植株生长及叶色浓绿。

在这里他们主要展示的是热带雨林的空中花园现象,阴暗潮湿的热带雨林中密生着众多的附生植物,它们能巧妙地利用树权及树枝上残留的鸟粪、枯枝落叶或尘土中的营养生长。现在鸟巢蕨和鹿角蕨就是附生在橡皮树上,高悬在空中,当花开之际,它们的花就像开在空中一样,所以就形成了奇妙的空中花园。

龙吐珠为马鞭草科赪桐属木质藤本植物。龙吐珠原产非洲热带地区,其生长适温为18℃至24℃,冬季温度不低于8℃。龙吐珠叶色浓绿,花形奇特,白里吐红,宛如游龙吐珠,是极好的盆栽花卉。

棕竹又称观音竹,是棕榈科棕竹属,原产我国广东、云南等地。它叶顶生掌状分裂,秆有苞毛覆被,苞毛脱落处,有节如竹。

红背桂,又叫红背桂花,大戟科,土沉香属。原产我国广东、广西及越南,我国南方广为栽培。是常绿灌木,表面绿色,背后紫红色。花单性,雌雄异株,初开时黄色,后渐变为黄白色。夏、秋两季为开花期。

虎耳草又称金钱吊芙蓉。为虎耳草科虎耳草属多年生草本观叶植物。产我国与日本。近年来,随着多年生草本的推广种植,可在老绿地大乔木下种植,作地被使用,也可在建筑或岩石旁栽植,更显效果。它又是我国传统中草药。

在绿色植物王国里,蕨类植物是高等植物中较为低级的一个类群。在远古的地质时期,蕨类植物大都为高大的树木,后来由于大陆的变迁,多数被深埋地下变为煤炭。现今生存在地球上的大部分是较矮小的草本植物,只有极少数一些木本种类幸免于难,生活至今,桫椤便是其中的一种。桫椤又名树蕨,高可达8米。蕨类植物门桫椤科。由于它是现今仅存的木本蕨类植物,极其珍贵,所以被国家列为一类重点保护植物。这种巨大的蕨类在远古时代曾遍布全球,是当时恐龙的食物之一,如今的孑遗树种则成了“活化石”。在物种进化、气候变迁、地理运动等方面,有极高的科研价值。从外观上看,桫椤有些像椰子树,其树干为圆柱形,直立而挺拔,树顶上丛生着许多大而长的羽状复叶,向四方飘垂,如果把它的叶片反转过来,背面可以看到许多星星点点的孢子囊群。孢子囊中长着许多孢子。桫椤是没有花的,当然也就不结果实,没有种子,它就是靠这些孢子来繁衍后代的。桫椤性喜温暖湿润的气候,分布在我国云南、贵州、四川、西藏、广西、广东、台湾等地,常常生长在林下或河边、溪谷两旁的阴湿之地。桫椤也有不少用途。其茎

富含淀粉,可供食用,又可制花瓶等器物。而且入药,中药里称之为飞天蠄蟧、龙骨风。有小毒,可驱风湿、强筋骨,清热止咳。桫椤体态优美,是很好的庭园观赏树木。

睡莲为睡莲科睡莲属多年生水生草本,又名子午莲、水浮莲、水芹花等,花叶都浮于水面,叶圆盾形,叶面绿色,叶背紫色,花有白、红、粉、黄、蓝、紫等色及其中间色,花期6—8月,每朵花可连续开放4—7天,凋谢后才逐渐卷缩沉入水中结果。由于其花叶俱美,花色丰富,花期较长,所以向来深为人们所喜爱。由于睡莲根能吸收水中的汞、铅、苯酚等有毒物质,是难得的水体净化的植物材料,所以在城市水体净化、绿化、美化建设中倍受重视。睡莲大多近午时开放,傍晚闭合,因而得名。目前,国内各省区均有栽培。睡莲根状茎可食用或酿酒,又可入药,治小儿慢惊风。睡莲分为热带睡莲,寒带睡莲两种,耐寒,不耐寒。热带睡莲,原产于亚马逊河流域,如果四季温度保持在18,可以花开不断。它们的区分:

“独木不成林”,是名很富哲理的古语。但世间的事却并不像人们想象的那么单调,独树虽然不是茫茫林海,但某些树木却会塑造出“成林”奇观。一棵独树生长许多“树士”,形成一片林景。塑造“独树成林”的树木,主要是桑科乔木榕树。就是大家现在看到的这种,它生长迅速,植株粗壮,对冠开阔,枝叶四季常青,俗称大青树。大家可能看到它长了很多胡须似的,其实它们叫做“气生根”属于不定根的一种,是榕树的一种特殊形态的根。榕树的寿命长,生长快,侧枝和侧根非常发达。枝条上有很多皮孔,到处可以长出许多气生根,向下悬垂,像一把把胡子。这些气生根向下生长入土后不断增粗而成支柱根,支柱根不分枝不长叶。榕树气生根的功能和其他根系一样,具有吸收水分和养料的作用,同时还支撑着不断往外扩展的树枝,使树冠不断扩大。它像树干般立于土地和主枝之间当老树周围布满业细不等的支柱根以后,独树盘踞的地面上,使出现了“成林”景致。一棵巨大的老榕树支柱可多达千条以上。它的树冠可覆盖6000多平方米,被人们称为“独木成林”。

露兜树为露兜树科小乔木,其纤维可编制多种工艺品,鲜花含芳香油,根、叶、花、果药用,治肾炎水肿等炎痰。国内多见于广东、广西、福建、云南、台湾等省区,亚洲热带其它地区和澳大利亚南部也有分布,但多生于海岸沙地。在远古时,西双版纳是古地中海的一部分,由于地质史上的喜马拉雅造山运动,使古地中海西退,经历了“沧海桑田”的变迁。但谁能见证?地质结构、古生物的研究结果见证,这对于科学来说是证据确凿的。但这些证据都是“死的”东西,这在人类有时会因“死无对证”而说不清的。还好,自然界因“怕”说不清而在西双版纳留下了数十种植物作为活见证,露兜树就是其中很有说服力的一种。古地中海消失后,它“认为”西双版纳这块土地好而没有跟它的家族一起迁移到有海的地方去,经过长期的磨练、演化,成为了后来发育起来的热带雨林的成员,并逐步适应了热带雨林酸性的土壤、潮湿而较阴暗的林内环境,而且还改变了非海边不能生长的习性。然而,也许是“江山易改而习性难移”的某些

遗传基因还在起作用吧,它在树干的下部还要长出很多气生根并发展成为支柱根,保持它原来生长在海滨滩涂上为了“呼吸”和支撑地上植株的习性。

现在大家进入的是沙漠展区多肉植物因为要忍受沙漠里干旱、炎热的恶劣环境,身体的某些部分演化成了肥胖的贮水器,有的连叶子也退化成了刺或完全消失了,与别的植物不同,这类植物多在晚上凉爽时才打开气孔,释放氧气,同时吸收二氧化碳,若把这类植物摆放在家里,简直就是天然的“空气清新器”,非常有益于健康。

首先大家看到的这个是鸡蛋花,又名蛋黄花,属夹竹桃科鸡蛋花属的常绿植物。原产热带美洲,现广植于各热带地区,花朵外面白色略带淡红,内面基部黄色,通常称为“冠白,心黄”,形似鸡蛋白色着蛋黄,故名。每年8、9月开花时节,散发着沁人心脾的鸡蛋花香的气味。用鸡蛋花的干花可熏制冲泡茶水名为鸡蛋花茶。鸡蛋花的花朵和树皮均可入药,具有清热、解毒、治痢、润肺、止咳、平喘之功;鲜花可提取芳香油,用作调制化妆品和高级香皂。

龙舌兰:龙舌兰因叶片呈剑形,叶缘有波状硬齿,形态很像传说中龙的舌头而得名,又因其寿命长,生长缓慢,开花不易,而在英文中被称为“century plant”,意思是“世纪植物”。“龙舌兰”为龙舌兰科、龙舌兰属多肉植物的总称。大多数品种的龙舌兰一生只开一次花,通常在生长8年至25年后才能开花,花后植株逐渐枯萎死亡。金边龙舌兰,植株具短茎,叶基生,匙形,排列紧密,肉质叶肥厚,剑状,灰绿至蓝绿色,叶缘有金黄色镶边,边缘有黄色锐刺。

虎尾兰,龙舌兰科,虎尾兰属。为多年生肉质草本植物。叶色浅绿色,正反两面具白色和深绿色的横向如云层状条纹,状似虎皮,表面有很厚的蜡质层。在吸收二氧碳的同时能释放出氧气,使室内空气中的负离子浓度增加。负离子可使大脑皮层功能及脑力活动加强,精神振奋,工作效率提高,能使睡眠质量得到改善,使脑组织的氧化过程力度加强,侃脑组织获得更多的氧。

武伦柱:原产於北美洲墨西哥的「武伦柱」,为仙人掌科;青绿色的主干上,密生奶油色的长硬刺,刺的基部被有白粉,於夏天的夜晚,会开出漏斗状的白花,它是巨型柱状仙人掌的代表。

在植物的丰富多彩的世界里你总会遇到以前没见过的东西,就象你现在看到的这棵树,它竟然整个树身不见一片叶子,满树尽是光溜溜的碧绿的枝条。光棍树属大戟科灌木,高可达4-9米,原产东非和南非的热带沙漠地区。因它的枝条碧绿,光滑,有光泽,所以人们又称它为绿玉树或绿珊瑚。光棍树的白色乳汁有剧毒,观赏或栽培时需特别小心,千万不能让乳汁进入人的口、耳、眼、鼻或伤口中,但这种有毒的

乳汁却能抵抗病毒和害虫的侵袭,从而起到保护树体的作用。另据实验表明,光棍树乳汁中碳氢化合物的含量很高,是很有希望的石油植物。那为什么光棍树仅有绿色的枝条而没有叶片呢?原来,在漫长的岁月中,植物为适应环境,都会发生变异,光棍树的故乡--非洲沙漠地区长年赤日炎炎,雨量极其稀少,由于严重缺水,许多动植物大量死亡,甚至灭绝。适者生存,为适应恶劣的自然环境,保水抗旱,原来枝繁叶茂的光棍树为减少水分蒸发,叶片就慢慢退化了,消失了,而枝干变成了绿色,用绿色密集的枝干代替叶子进行光合作用。植物不进行光合作用,是不能成活生长的,而绿色是进行光合作用的重要条件。这样,光棍树就得以生存了。但是,如果把光棍树种植在温暖潮湿的地方,它不仅会很容易地繁殖生长,而且还可能会长出一些小叶片呢!这也是为适应湿润环境而发生的,生长出一些小叶片,可以增加水分的蒸发量,从而达到保持体内的水分平衡。

酒瓶兰为百合科酒瓶兰属观叶植物。酒瓶兰为常绿小乔木,在原产地可高达2—3米。其地下根肉质,茎基部膨大状如酒瓶。酒瓶兰原产热带雨林地区。其性喜温暖湿润及日光充足环境,较耐早、耐寒。

大家都知道沙漠地区长期炎热缺水,所以生活在这种干旱环境中的植物,其形态等方面会出现一系列适应性特征,A.有非常发达的根 B.具有肥厚多汁的肉质茎 C.在叶表面有厚的角质层 D.有较小的叶面积。仙人掌科是沙漠中最典型的植物。仙人掌是仙人掌科,多年生多肉植物,原产墨西哥。需要温暖高温,充足的阳光。仙人掌中亦蕴含了大量的钙和磷,可提供让骨骼、关节和结缔组织更为强壮的丰富矿物质。

多浆多肉类室实际使用面积256平方米,依地势高低将其划分为八个小区域,共展示了400余种来自世界各地的奇型异株,有高如擎天的“武伦柱”,形似灯笼的“灯笼”,一览众山小的“帝冠“等等,展示沙漠风情。两大部分仙人掌科植物(茎多肉型)和多肉类植物(肥大器官用来储水),仙人掌科(福禄龙神木、山影拳)有毛柱型仙人掌(白丽翁)、叶状仙人掌(令箭荷花、昙花、蟹爪兰等。)、缀花与斑纹仙人掌、扇状仙人掌、球型仙人掌(球形仙人掌,顾名思义它的植株外型均为圆球形。代表种类有金琥,别名黄刺金琥,是仙人掌科、金琥属中最具魅力的仙人球种类。金琥原产墨西哥沙漠地区,现我国南方、北方均有引种栽培。金琥性喜阳光充足,多喜肥沃、透水性好的沙壤土。夏季高温炎热期应适当蔽荫,以防球体被强光灼伤。金琥寿命很长,栽培容易,成年大金琥花繁球壮,金碧辉煌,观赏价值很高。而且体积小,占据空间少,是城市家庭绿化十分理想的一种观赏植物。);多肉类有龙舌兰科、百合科(筒叶虎尾兰)等50多科的部分植物。有叶多肉:景天科(长寿花)、番杏科。茎多肉:大戟科(珊瑚油桐)、萝摩科、茎干多肉:夹竹桃科(亚阿相界、霸王树、霸王树缀化)。

第五篇:济南植物园导游词

济南植物园导游词

济南植物园科普馆位于植物园东北处,占地350平方米,展览面积1000平方米,一楼主要展示濒危植物、市树、市花与中国十大名花科普知识,下面是济南植物园导游词,欢迎大家阅读。

篇一:济南植物园导游词

欢迎大家来到这!我是你们的导游,我姓x,大家可以叫我小x。为了便于大家参观游玩,下面我首先大家介绍一下。

济南植物园位于济南市西南部,占地面积1500亩(2015年数据)。2004年3月由济南市园林局筹资建设,2006年9月26日正式开园。

济南植物园是国家AAAA级旅游景区、齐鲁山水新十景、济南市优秀旅游景区。济南植物园内分为科普馆、银杏园、牡丹园等十余个园区,具有植物科学研究、种质资源保存、植物知识普及、新优植物推广、游览观赏休憩、生态示范展示等功能,是山东济南新一代综合植物园。济南植物园位于济南市区东郊35公里处,地理位置东经117°27'24″,北纬36°36'47″,平均海拔159米。距济南市区35公里,东邻省道244线,北距309国道4公里,南与第二条济青高速公路毗邻,距济南国际机场26公里,交通较为便利。植物园西倚西山,南连锦屏山,东眺胡山,北望危山,引南部山区水库。

济南植物园地处中纬度地带,属于暖温带半湿润季风型气候。其特点是季风明显,四季分明,春季干旱少雨,夏季温热多雨,秋季凉爽干燥,冬季寒冷少雪。年平均气温13.8℃,无霜期178天,最高月均温27.2℃(7月),最低月均温-3.2℃(1月)。年平均降水量685毫米。年日照时数1870.9小时(2009年)。

济南植物园的前身--神洲生态乐园始建于2003年,上半年由济南城市园林绿化局党委决定筹建。2006年初济南市政府将神洲生态乐园项目建设纳入“十一五”规划。2005年,济南城市园林绿化局开始着手研究将神洲生态乐园逐步改建为植物园,同时期济南新植物园建设项目列入2006年济南市重点工程。

济南植物园根据其植物不同的生态要求,按照植物分类系统排列顺序为主线,环状布置,栽培具有可以收集到的、能在本地区健康生长的植物种类。以科、属为基本单元栽培植物,以植物专类园的形式展示植物造景艺术,形成各具特色的园林景观。建成木兰园、樱花园、海棠园、蔷薇园、紫薇石榴园、牡丹园、木犀园、菊园、竹园、松柏银杏园、药用芳香园、彩色植物区等12个植物专类园及植物科普馆,还建成盲人植物园、婚庆园、童乐园以及游乐园等满足观光游览游乐的特色园区。

今天我的讲解就到此结束了,下面是大家自由参观的时间,我们大概在30分钟后在门口集合,希望这次参观能给大家留下一个深刻的印象,预祝大家能玩的开心,谢谢!

篇二:济南植物园导游词

公园门口人山人海,警察叔叔在忙忙碌碌地指挥交通。我想今天是国庆节,人们都在休息,然而警察叔叔还要在这儿指挥交通,非常辛苦。我们更应该遵守交通规则,听从指挥,不要违章,让警察叔叔少辛苦点。

我们一家人走进植物园,迎面映入眼帘的是用大理石刻成的一本书,上面刻着:“保护植物就是保护人类自己。现在,每年都有一——二万个物种灭绝。每个物种的丧失都恶化着人类的生存环境,减少着人类适应变化条件的选择余地。”

看完以后我觉得要多植树,好好保护植物,才能使我们的环境更加美好。我们沿着石板铺成的小路走到一处旅游景点,那里有海盗船、碰碰船。我也想去划船,可是售票的阿姨说:“人太多了,不卖票了。”我只好悻悻地离开。一转脸我就高兴地拉着弟弟的手,跑到了小木马的旁边,我和弟弟一起坐了坐小木马,就下来了。

我和弟弟东瞧瞧西望望,一会儿走到上美人船的地方要排队,一会儿又走到上飞船的售票口要等着,爸爸说:“看来今天是坐不成了。人太多了。我们改天再来玩吧。”我和弟弟极不情愿地说:“那好吧。”

我和弟弟边走边看,我俩走在前面,看到了清浅、鲜洁的水,水中有荷花,荷花的颜色可多了。有粉红的、黄的、白的,各种各样非常可爱。荷叶大的就像一把巨伞,高大、活泼。

今年的国庆节,我过得非常高兴。

评注:童心、童趣。少年的心像一只脱笼的雏鹰,什么都想尝试,什么都很好玩,即使,遇到了很多不如意的事;即使,有那么多不情愿。老师最大的惊喜,是认识了一位懂事、豁达、知足、乐观的男子汉——张国泰。

篇三:济南植物园导游词

“万紫千红总是春”是妇孺皆知的名句,恐怕“万紫千红”的美景在闹市里很难见到,所以老师带我们来到了济南市的“世外桃源”-------济南植物园。

蔚蓝的天空,碧绿的草地,一望无垠的花海,连绵起伏的山丘······像一幅完美无缺的画。我此时才惊叹:喧嚣热闹的都市背后竟有这么一片净土!

植物园极大!清澈透明的小溪好像网络一样把植物园连接起来。顺着小溪散玩耍,我忽然发现水里有一些游动的墨点。凑前瞧瞧,原来是一队大头小身子的蝌蚪在快乐地嬉戏,像一群孩子似地四处游荡,十分淘气。我轻轻地捧起一只小蝌蚪,它用大脑袋拱拱我的手心,好像在说:“你看,我在这里多快活!因为这里不是钢筋水泥的都市,而是随时散发着泥土芳香的伊甸园!”说完,便一抖身子扎进了水里,与同伴们一起游戏了。

我和同学们跑到小溪对岸,一阵甜香扑鼻而来。原来是草地上的小精灵-----野花的香。野花虽然没有牡丹、菊花硕大名贵,但是它们成群结队地开放,就组成了壮观的抽象画。这幅画,五颜六色,一眼望不到头。清风拂过,泛起一道道涟漪,像大明湖的波浪,我和同学们成了一朵朵小浪花,简直像在梦幻世界里。随着呼吸,花香像小虫子一样往鼻子里钻,像蜜一样甜。这些野花,没有名字,无人管理,遍地开放,却拥有震撼人心的力量!女同学用野花编了花环戴在头上,不比玫瑰逊色。老师打趣:“你们看看,咱们的女生把野花映衬得更漂亮了!”我们大笑。原来小生命也是值得人们称颂的啊!

顺着花香走,一抬头就看见一座树木丛生的小山丘。山丘上的树木像一个个绿色的小屋。“小屋”的屋顶是紫色的,原来是爬满了紫藤。“小屋”的墙是嫩绿的,原来是长满了小草。颜色是那么和谐统一,大自然是多么神奇的装饰大师啊!

大自然是多么美!城市能变得像大自然一样该多好呀!如果我们每天生活在植物园该多好啊!可是时间到了,该回家了。我们坐上车,不一会儿,又像到了植物园,因为我们的身上都浸透了花香,整个车厢散发着甜甜的味道,就像济南植物园一样。

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