第一篇：英语作文最佳框架结构
Low-carbon life is the lifestyle of the time to minimize energy consumption, thereby reducing carbon dioxide emissions.Low-carbon life, for those of us ordinary people is an attitude to life.It gives us is a willing and we were creating a low carbon life issues.(低碳生活就是把生活作息时间所耗用的能量要尽量减少，从而减低二氧化碳的排放量。低碳生活，对于我们这些普通人来说是一种生活态度。它给我们提出的是一个愿不愿意和大家共创造低碳生活的问题。)Taomi Shui can be used to wash their hands every day, clean furniture, water the flowers and so on.Clean, natural moisture;2.Scrap paper will pave the lowest in the closet can not only absorb moisture, can absorb the smell in the closet;4.Drink tea residue, dry it, make a tea pillow comfortable, and help to improve sleep;(每天的淘米水可以用来洗手、擦家具、浇花等。干净卫生，自然滋润； 2.将废旧报纸铺垫在衣橱的最底层，不仅可以吸潮，还能吸收衣柜中的异味； 4.喝过的茶叶渣，把它晒干，做一个茶叶枕头，既舒适，又能帮助改善睡眠；)Lifestyle to reduce energy consumption when, thereby reducing the carbon, especially carbon dioxide emissions.Low-carbon life, for us ordinary people, an attitude, not ability, we should actively promote and to practice the “low carbon” life, pay attention to energy saving, fuel-efficient, water saving, solar terms, starting from scratch.(生活作息时所耗用能量要减少，从而减低碳，特别是二氧化碳的排放。低碳生活，对于我们普通人来说，是一种态度，而不是能力，我们应该积极提倡并去实践“低碳”生活，注意节电、节油、节水、节气，从点滴做起。)
Topic sentence 1____has become a common part of people 's life.空格内用概括性的词语填出最近出现的总体现象
2And______has always aroused the greatest concern.空格内填题目要去讨论的具体现象
3what impress es us most is ______
现象的具体表现
4The reason _____are varied
过渡句，填现象或现象带来的后果，为下文分析产生的原因作铺垫
5_______among_____-the ______various reasons,______plays an important role.原因之一 6That is to say,_____
具体说明原因一 7What is more ,_______原因二
8For example,________
举例说明原因二
9When talking about _______,_______
空格一填作者要讨论的现象，空格二填作者的看法。10 On the one hand _______
支持看法的理由一或说明看法的第一个方面 11 On the other hand_______理由问或第二个方面。
一、议论文
开头段：
1、When talked about---,the overwhelming majority of people are of the opinion that----but others think a little bit differently that-------
2、There has been a heated discussion about-----Some people think that-------(正观点)，others, however, are of the opinion that---(反观点)
中间段：
Those who argue that----(正观点)have the reasons as follows.First,------
Second,------
Third/Besides,------
Others also have their own opinions.(反观点)
On the one hand,-----
On the other hand,-----
Last but not the least,-----
结尾段：
1、TO sum up, I hold that------(正反观点随便选一种，正观点为多数，或者说个中立的观点)
2、In conclusion,(同上)
3、In summary，4、From what's said above, I'd like to bring my story to a conclusion that--------
二、说明文/描述文(常见有柱状图、饼状图以及表格)
开头：
As is vividly/symbolically shown/described/depicted/illustrated/revealed in the
drawings/photos/pictures, we can find with ease that-----(据图所示，我们可以很清楚地看出---)
中间：由上述所表示的情况写出现象背后的本质
结尾：提出自己的想法(解决方法、办法或手段)2010年12月英语四级作文预测(1)
鉴于近年来所考题目以议论文为主，所以给出如下3道议论文模拟题并做一浅析，以供参考。
(1)The Shortage of Fresh Water
1、目前淡水资源非常紧缺
2、为什么会出现这种情况
3、该如何解决
2010年12月英语四级作文预测(2)
鉴于近年来所考题目以议论文为主，所以给出如下3道议论文模拟题并做一浅析，以供参考。
(2)Part-time Jobs for College Students
1、目前大学校园里很多学生业余时间做兼职
2、对于大学生是否该做兼职工作，人们看法不一
3、我的看法
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Unhealthy Living Style of Youngsters.You should write no less than 120/150 words and you should base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:
1、现代年轻人有多种不健康的生活习惯，例如。。
2、这些不健康生活习惯的危害是
3、我们应该怎样做
写作思路：三个提纲，对应写三个段落：提出问题、分析问题、解决问题
首段提出问题，三句话：背景交代+具体描述+举例说明
The past few years have witnessed the rapid development of people’s living standards.However, at the meantime, it can be noticed that youngsters in contemporary society have a variety of unhealthy living habits.Typical examples include: staying up too late, being addicted to Internet and eating junk food.二段分析问题危害：三句话：主题句(总)+危害1+危害2
Quite obviously, the negative impacts of these habits are various.To begin with, they will impair or harm young people’s physical health.In addition, if this situation were to continue, it certainly would be a possibility that young people would suffer from low efficiency in their work and study.三段解决问题(建议措施)：三句话：主题句(总)+建议1+建议2
To tackle this problem, it is high time that we took feasible steps to restrain this trend.First, it is suggested that public should enhance their awareness of healthy living.Second, we are also highly expected to encourage our friends, relatives and families to refute unhealthy living styles.(151words)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic On Competition.You should write no less than 120/150 words and you should base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:
1、现代社会竞争激烈，例如。。。
2、有人喜欢竞争，也有人持反对意见
3、我的看法
On Competition
写作思路解析：
首段：四句话：现象描述+正方观点+正方理由1+正方理由2
Living in an era of information and technology, individuals are confronted with a wide variety of competitions or pressures: in study, we suffer from academic competition;in work, we live under pressure of efficiency;in life, we strive against the ascending cost of living.Some are in favor of competition.In their eyes, without competition, it is impossible for the society as a whole to progress.Besides, in their opinion, competition will definitely promote the development of those who spare no effort to work, which otherwise would be impossible.二段：三句话：反方观点+反方理由1(危害)+反方理由1(危害)
Rewarding as it is, others hold an opposite perspective.First, what makes many experts worried is that too many competitions may harm people’s physical and mental fitness.Second, to some extent, their opinion derives from the fact that competition between friends or colleagues may impair the friendship or team spirit.尾段：三句话：我的看法+理由+展望未来
As a college student, I am firmly convinced that it is necessary to have some competition.In spite of the disadvantages, we do need competition to enhance our working and studying efficiency.Only by means of proper competition can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which every one spare no effort to their work and study.(207words)
Welcome the World Expo As we all know that Shanghai will host the 2010 World Expo.The World Expo has a long history but it has never been held in Asia.So it is a great honor for our city.It is a great honor for all the Asians,too.As a host city,Shanghai will have more chances to develop quickly.The government has promised that it will be the best one among all the Expo that was host in other cities.As a student in Shanghai,I should learn English well so that I can be a volunteer in the World Expo.I want to help vistors that cone from all over the world.I will help them know more about Shanghai and China.I will do my best to welcome the World Expo.【翻译】迎世博会
正如我们都知道，上海将主办2010年世界的博览会.这世博会有着悠久的历史，但从未在亚洲举行。因此，它是我们城市的巨大的荣誉。这也是所有的亚洲人非常荣幸。作为主办城市，上海将有更多的机会迅速发展。政府已作出承诺，这将是世博会中的所有其他城市这是最好的主机之一。作为一个在上海的学生，我要学好英语，这样我可以成为世博会志愿者。志愿者要帮助来自世界全国各地的的访问者认为谁将帮助他们了解更多关于上海和中国.我将尽我所能，迎接世博会。
The significance of the Shanghai World Expo Shanghai World Expo carbon the theme “Better City, Better Life”, can be said that both the design and construction from the venue or from the internal structure, all reflect the human yearning for a better life and create.而其中最能体现这一点的，莫过于低碳元素的展示和运用。Which best reflect this point, than the display and use of low-carbon elements.在全球变暖、气候恶化、人类生存环境越来越糟糕的今天，节能减排已经成为人类的共识和迫切任务，“低碳”成为最时尚的生活方式，“绿色”成为高频词汇，而真正要把环保融入人们的生活，需要人类在城市设计中融入更长远的目光和更智慧的方式，世博会正好提供了这样一个经验交流和共享的平台。Global warming, climate change, human environment is getting worse today, energy conservation has become a common and urgent task of mankind, “low carbon” has become the most fashionable lifestyle, “green” has become a high-frequency words, while environmental protection should be integrated into real people's lives, need to integrate the design of the human in the city longer-term vision and a more intelligent way, the Expo will provide such a platform for experience exchange and sharing.An activity about low carbon living Currently,my school is launching an activity whose theme is that actions change the world to advocate the low carbon living.In the activity,we are required to go to school or some other place by bike or by foot as much as possible instead of by bus.And when the Christmas comes,sending e-greeting cards instead of tridional cards of which are made of wood as we know.Besides,we should use both sides of every piece of paper and we should save water as well as electricity.I believe that only we do thus can we have a better living environment.My View on Job-hopping
People have different attitudes towards their work.Some prefer to stick to one occupation as their lifelong career.These people are of the opinion that one can never do his work well unless he is devoted to only one job in his lifetime.So if one changes his job frequently, he will not get the necessary experience needed in his work.Others, on the other hand, like to change their jobs at times.In their opinion, people work in order to make more money.If they havea chance to get a better paid job, they will certainly try to get this chance.Besides, if a person does only one job all his life, he will certainly be bored with it.My idea is that interest is the most important if one wants to excel others in his job.So if a person is not interested in his job, job hopping is normal and even necessary.Otherwise, he will suffer from his work, and inevitably, he is not likely to succeed in his career.
第二篇：2017考研英语作文,应用文写作框架结构
2017考研英语作文，应用文写作框架结构
小编相信大家都应该看考研英语的大纲要求，作文这一项里，包含的应用文的类型是多种多样的，比如：投诉信、建议信、申请信、求职信、辞职信、求学习呢、求助信、感谢信、号召信、道歉信、简历、备忘录、寻物启事、招领启事等等，但是小编根据历年真题整理出来的数据表明，最常考到的是书信，尤其是在近几年的考研作文中，应用文考的最多就是书信体应用文。所以小编整理除了一个书信的通用模板的格式给大家，供大家参考。
一、首段的写作方法
1.问候收信人Dear Sir/Madam2.解释写信的原因申请:
I’m writing for an opportunity to work in your esteemed company that boasts of decadesof reputation邀请：I’m writing to request your attendance to a dinner party that is to be held in Beijing onAugust.感谢：I am writing to extend my heartfelt thanks(sincere gratitude)toward…投诉：I am writing to complain about the poor quality of a product that I purchased from yourstore two weeks ago.祝贺：I am writing to extend my sincere greetings, wishing you a happyNew Year, your careergreater success and your family happiness.二、中间段的写作方法
1.阅读题目要求，找到可以用到的名词或动词。
【示例】Write a letter of application according to the following situation.You saw anadvertisement in this morning’s newspaper.A company needs a secretary and you are interested.Write an application letter to that company.2.注意题目文字暗示，把名词具体化，把动词近义词化
【示例】I am pleased to discover from Beijing Youth that your company is calling for a secretary.Iwonder if you could consider my application, for I am delighted to join your esteemed company.First, I can speak and write English fluently, which happens to meet your current requirement forthe vacancy.Second, I have a good command of Microsoft Office System, Graphic Design andADOBE system.Third and last, I am always ready to help other people because I’m patient,enthusiastic and sincere.Given these considerations, I sincerely hope that I can be a member ofyour esteemed company.三、结尾段的写作方法(三句话)
【示例】I would appreciate your assistance in this matter.If you have any question, please don’thesitate to contact me.I can be reached at…Look forward to your reply.四、署名在文章右下角署名
一般格式为：Your sincerely…小编这次和大家分享的其实是信件的标准通用模板，即放之四海皆准的框架结构，其实考验英语作文不乏有出现写信这种格式的考察方法，那么小编需要提醒大家的就是，信件的写作一定要注意格式，信件的写作格式简直是送
分大家的呀我的童鞋们，如果因为格式问题扣分是不是很冤枉呢!那除了格式之外同学们还要注意的就是信件内容需要把控清楚，不要脱离要求，接下来的时间里，小编或陆陆续续放上来一些应用文的其他类型的模板给大家，比如信件的具体类型，投诉信、建议信之类的，感兴趣的同学跟进就好了哦!
第三篇：中考英语作文写作高分框架结构
议论文的框架
(1)不同观点列举型(选择型)
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____.But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.A majority of people think that _ 观点一________.In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一 _______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____.So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______.In their point of view, on the one hand，___原因一_______.On the other hand, ____原因二_____.Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______.It is not only because ________, but also because _________.The more _______, the more ________.(2)利弊型的议论文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over(the issue that)___作文题目______.In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____.Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows.Firstly, ___优点一______.And secondly ___优点二_____.Just As a popular saying goes, every coin has two sides, __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects.To begin with, ___缺点一______.In addition, ____缺点二______.To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.(3)2015年中考英语作文模板：现象说明文
Recently _______,what amazes us most is______________,it is ture that__________.There are many reasons explaining__________________________.The main reason is____________________.what is more_________________________.thirdly__________________________.As a result_______________.Considering all there,________________________.For one thing_____________________,for another________
____.In Conclusion____________________.(4)2015年中考英语作文模板：说明原因型
Currently,A has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuable than A.It is clear that ______If you _____, as a result ,your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you_____failure will be following with you.It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that _____.You donn't have to look very far to find out the truth , in respect that we all know_____.It will exert a profound influence upon _____.With reference to my standpoint ,I think _____.(5)2015年中考英语作文模板：说明利弊题型
说明利弊题型
这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度(利或弊)出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测)
1.说明事物现状
2.事物本身的优缺点(或一方面)
3.你对现状(或前景)的看法
Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life.Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows.First----------------(A的优点之一).Besides-------------------(A的优点之二).But every coin has two sides.The negative aspects are also apparent.One of the important disadvantages is that----------------(A的第一个缺点).To make matters worse,------------------(A的第二个缺点).Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones.Therefore, I would like to---------------(我的看法).(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in.Only by this way,---------------(对前景的预测).)(6)2015年中考英语作文模板：阐述主题题型
阐述主题题型 要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述.1.阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义.2.分析并举例使其更充实.中考英语作文万能模板：解决方法题型 要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径 1.问题现状 2.怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious.First,------------(说明A的现状).Second,---------------(举例进一步说明现状)Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.For one thing,---------------(解决方法一).For another-------------(解决方法二).Finally,--------------(解决方法三).Personally, I believe that-------------(我的解决方法).Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future isawaiting us because--------------(带来的好处).一、开头句型
I．．．．has both advantages and disadvantages．„„既有利又有弊。例如： 1．Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages． 很显然电视有利也有弊
2．Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages． 居住在城市有利也有弊
3．Compared with cars，bikes have their advantages and disadvantages． 和汽车比较，自行车有它的好处也有它的不好处 举一反三：
1．Although computers bring people a lot of convenience，they have many disadvantages． 尽管电脑给人们带来许多方便，但它们仍有许多弊端
2．．．．has many advantages．For example，．．．However，just as every coin has two sides，．．．has its disadvantages．
正如每枚硬币有两面一样
（本例将利弊分开讲，转折过渡自然。just as every coin has two sides也很值得背诵。）
II．．．．play（s）an important role ／part in．．．„„在„„中扮演重要角色／起重要作用。例如：
1．Computers play an important role in science and technology． 2．Computers play a more and more important role in our life． Computers play an increasingly important role in our studies． 3．Education plays an important part in developing our mind． 4．Addiction to alcohol and drugs play a role in homelessness． 除了酒精和药物在无家可归者身上发挥作用 举一反三：
1．Advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life． 广告在我们日常生活中扮演着提供信息的作用
2．In the past，letters played a decisive role in long-distance communication．But now，telephone，email，fax have taken their place．
III．With the development of．．．，随着„„的发展，例如：
1．With the development of our economy，m any Chinese families can afford a car． 2．With the development of our economy and society，pollution is more and more serious． 3．With the rapid development of science and technology，people can get a college degree by taking online-courses at home． 4．With the current social and technological developments，employees with more knowledge and higher academic degrees are needed． 举一反三：
1．With the rapid increase of China's population，housing problem is becoming more and more serious． 随着中国人口的急剧增加，住房问题越来越突出。
2．With more and more women entering society，people's attitude towards women is changing．
随着越来越多的妇女走入社会，人们对妇女的态度也在改变。
3．With the deepening of Chinese reform and opening up，an increasing number of Chinese families can afford a car．
随着中国改革开放的深入，越来越多的中国家庭买得起车了。
（“越来越多”除了常用的more and more外，还可以用an increasing number of，a growing number of，a significant number of，a great number of等来表达。）
IV．When it comes to．．．，some people think ／believe that．．．，others argue ／claim that opposite ／reverse is true．There is probably some truth in both arguments ／statements，but．．．当说到„„，有些人认为„„，但另一些人则持相反的观点„„。这两种观点可能都有点道理，但„„。本结构先用when it comes to ．．．引出话题，再用some．．．others ．．．这个对立的结构引出了两种相反的观点，然后说There is some truth in both．．．表明严谨公正的态度，最后用but．．．很自然地引出了自己的论点。请看下面这个例子：
TV a good thing or bad thing When it comes to TV，some people believe that it is extremely valuable，as it provides relaxation，entertainment and education． Others argue that it is harmful for it begins to control our lives and deprives people of time to do other activities．There is probably some truth in both sides．But we must realize that television itself is neither good or bad．It is the uses to which it is put that determines its value to society．
二、结尾句型
英语议论文多以简要总结全文或对所讨论的问题提出解决办法来结尾。总结全文时除常用到in one ／a word，generally speaking等外，没有固定模式。提出解决办法时却常使用下一句型。V．．．．take measures to do sth．例如：
1．We should take measures to control pollution in order to save the world． 2．We'd better take effective measures to prevent students from cheating on exams． 3．The government decided to take strong measures against drug abuse4．Urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying out further attacks 常用句型二
一，开头句型
1.As far as...is concerned 2.It goes without saying that...3.It can be said with certainty that...4.As the proverb says 5.It has to be noticed that...6.It`s generally recognized that...7.It`s likely that 8.It`s hardly that...It’s hardly too much to say that...What calls for special attention is that...需要特别注意的是 There’s no denying the fact that...毫无疑问，无可否认 Nothing is more important than the fact that...what’s far more important is that...更重要的是„„
二，衔接句型
A case in point is...As is often the case..这是常有的事„„.As stated in the previous paragraph如前段所述
But the problem is not so simple.Therefore然而问题并非如此简单，所以„„ But it’s a pity that...For all that...In spite of the fact that...Further, we hold opinion that...However , the difficult lies in...Similarly, we should pay attention to...not(that)...but(that)...不是，而是
In view of the present station.鉴于目前形势 As has been mentioned above...In this respect, we many as well(say)从这个角度上我们可以说
However, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is...然而我们还得看到事物的另一方面，即
三，结尾句型
I will conclude by saying...Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...All things considered,总而言之It may be safely said that...Therefore, in my opinion, it’s more advisable...It can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论 From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来„„也许更好
四，能句型
Let’s take...to illustrate this.试举例以兹证明
let’s take the above chart as an example to illustrate this.It’s remains to be further studied...There’s question is how...so that, so...that...
第四篇：最佳英语开场白
最佳英语开场白！
找共同点。就算你对这个陌生人完全不了解，事实上有一点你是知道的－你知道他们与你共处一室。“So what brings you here?” 你就可以这么问。或是，如果你在你朋友Bob的派队，你就可以问“How do you know Bob?”
赞美他们。大家都喜欢听关于自己的甜言蜜语。“What a wonderful dress you’re wearing!”告诉他们你有多喜欢这个人的鞋子或是眼镜。在那之后，如果他们只回答说“thank you”，你就可以接着问，类似“Where did you get it?” 或是“What’s it made out of?” 甚至是“Was it expensive?”这些问题非常有用因为这可以让对方多告诉你一些关于他们的事。
问关于他们的问题。几乎所有的人多有工作，那么为什么不问这个人，“So what do you do for a living?” 或是“Where are you from originally?”意思是你想了解他们是在哪里出生的。并且，问句能让第一次的对话更简单一些。如果这个礼貌的话，他们也会反问你同样的问题，这样一来你就有谈论自己的机会了。
介绍你自己。不要仅仅说，“Hi, my name is John.” 告诉别人更多关于你自己的信息。“Hi, my name is John.I’m a friend of Bob’s from high school.We use to have the same math class together.” 这样可能捕捉到对方的兴趣，鼓励他们问你问题或告诉你更多关于他们的信息。
对某事物作评论。不要直接问任何关于对方的问题，你可以说类似“This is a great party” 或“What a lovely house this is.” 来诱导他们说出他们的看法。就算这个房子或是派对不是他们的，这样的评论听起来也非常的舒服容易让人谈论起来。就象是第一个建议，这些开场白能起很好的作用因为你和对方有共同之处：你们在互相交谈。best ice-breakers for any English social situation!
Find something in common with them.Even if you think you don’t know anything about this new person, you actually do – you know they’re in the same room as you.“So what brings you here?” you can ask.Or, if you’re at your friend Bob’s party, you can ask “How do you know Bob?”
Compliment them.Everyone likes to hear nice things said about them.“What a wonderful dress you’re wearing!” Point out how much you like the person’s shoes or glasses.After that, if they don’t say anything more than “thank you,” you can ask a follow-up, like “Where did you get it?” or “What’s it made out of?” or even “Was it expensive?” These sorts of questions are good because they invite the person to tell you more about themselves.Ask them a question about themselves.Almost all people have jobs, so why not ask the person, “So what do you do for a living?” Or “Where are you from originally?” meaning you want to know where they were born.Again, questions make any first-time conversation easier.If the person is polite, they will ask you the question in return, which will give you a chance to talk about yourself.Introduce yourself.Don’t just say, “Hi, my name is John.” Offer some information about yourself.“Hi, my name is John.I’m a friend of Bob’s from high school.We use to have the same math class together.” This will hopefully catch the other person’s interest, prompting them to either ask you a question or offer some information about themselves.Comment on something.Without directly asking any questions of this new person, you can draw them out by saying something like “This is a great party” or “What a lovely house this is.” Even though the house or the party are not theirs, these statements still give you something pleasant and easy to talk about.Much like the first suggestion, these ice-breakers work because you do have something in common with this stranger;you’re talking to each other.
第五篇：论文框架结构
论文框架结构引言（研究的背景和意义,大约2000字，一页半到两页纸）
1.1 行业实践背景
1.2 研究现状总结
1.3 论文的研究内容及框架结构文献综述（将开题报告中对应的部分按照下面的结构重新整理即可，4000字左右，三到四页）
2.1 所研究问题定义及重要性方面的论文综述
2.2 所研究问题研究方法方面的论文综述方法论详细介绍（论文所用理论方法的内容，两到三页，4000字左右）4 实证研究（结合具体的问题和企业实际，对理论进行应用，验证该理论方法的实际效果，并结合具体对象完善此类问题的解决方法，三到五页，4000-6000字左右）
4.1 企业现状
4.2 企业面临的物流问题分析
4.3 理论方法应用
4.4 应用后的效果及原因分析总结与展望（一页，500-1000字）
5.1 论文内容总结
5.2 研究展望
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