第一篇:2006高考英语作文全国卷I
2006高考英语作文全国卷I
假定你是李华。应英国朋友Bob的要求,写一封短信介绍你校图书馆的基本情况。内容须包括下面两幅图中的相关信息。
注意:
1、字数100左右
2、可以适当增减细节,以使行文连贯
3、开头语已为你写好
Dear Bob,Thank you for your last letter asking about our library.______________________
_________________________________________________________________
Best wishes
Li Hua
(注:上面的小字是:借阅须知:每人每次5本,借期10天。下面的小字是:开放时间:周一至周五,早9:00至晚7:00,周末闭馆。)
2006高考英语作文北京卷
第四部分:书面表达(共两节,35分)
第一节:情景作文(20分)
国际文化交流中心将组织一次由各国学生参加的“和平,友谊”夏令营活动,要求报名者提前交英文个人简历。假设你是王珊,请根据下列信息写一篇个人简介。
姓名:王珊
性别:女
年龄:16岁
学校:北京阳光中学
其它:爱好音乐、摄影、善于与人交流,乐于助人,热爱自然,热爱和平
参加夏令营的目的:结交朋友,了解外国文化
注意:
1、词数不少于60
2、可根据内容要点适当增加细节,以使行文连贯
第二节 开放作文(15分)
请根据下面提示,写一篇短文。词数不少于50。
You and your Australian friend Jim are visiting a city in China where you see the street sculptures as shown below.You and Jim are discussing what the artist is trying to say.Now you are telling Jim how you understand this piece of art and what makes you think so.提示词:雕塑sculpture 笔记本电脑 laptop
2006高考英语作文广东卷
Ⅵ.书面表达(满分25分)
根据以下图画,写一篇英语短文,描述今昔通讯方式的变化,以及这些变化给人们生活带来的影响。
注意:1.词数:100左右
2.生词:通讯:communicate(with sb.)vi.communication n.互联网:the Internet n.2006高考英语作文浙江卷
第三节:书面表达(满分30分)
当前不少文学作品被改编成电影。有人选择看电影,有人则喜欢读原著。请你以“Film or book, which do you prefer?”为题,按照下列要点写一篇英语短文:
1、看电影:省时、有趣、易懂
2、读原著:细节更多、语言优美
3、我的看法及理由
注意:
1、词数:100-120 文章题目和开头已给出(不计入词数)。
2、参考词汇: original work 或 book in the original(原著)
Film or book, which do you prefer?
Some of us think that it is better to see the film than to read the book in the original.Some of us think that it is better to see the film than to read the book in the original.The reason is that it takes less time to understand the whole story.Besides, the film is usually more interesting, and it is easier to follow.Some others have just the opposite opinion.They think that they can get more detailed information from the original.Meanwhile, the language in the book is possibly more lively and beautiful.Personally, I agree with the second view.Actually I have more reasons for it.I think I can stay at home, reading quietly in a situation of my own, and whats more, I am able to better understand the authors ideas.In a word, to read the original work is better than to see the film based on it.2006高考英语作文重庆卷
加拿大高中生David在互联网Internet上登出启事notice,希望结识一位中国朋友,以便学习中国的语言,文化culture。
假设你是李华,请在看到这则启事后,用英文给David发一封电子邮件,主要内容包括:
你怎样得知David的愿望
你愿意成为他的朋友
你打算如何帮助他
你盼望他的回复
注意:
1、电子邮件的格式已为你写好
2、字数:100词左右
3、在答题卡上作答
2006高考英语作文湖北卷
受某英文报的委托,你最近对高中生的英语阅读兴趣做了一次调查。请根据以下信息,用英语为该报写一篇100词左右的短文。短文的标题及首句已为你写好。
调查内容:在新闻、故事、科普、学习方法四种英文文章中,学生最喜欢哪一种。
调查范围:湖北省的10所中学
调查对象:高中生
调查人数:1000
调查方式: 访谈
调查结果:见下图
Reading Interests of Senior School Students
Recently a survey has been done to find out the reading interests of senior middle school students.____________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
One Possible Version
Reading Interests of Senior School Students
Recently a survey has been done to find out the reading interests of senior middle school students.In this survey, one thousand senior middle school students from ten schools in Hubei Province were interviewed.They were asked which they liked reading most among the four categories of English articles:news, stories, popular science articles and articles about learning methods.The survey shows that more than half of the students like to read news most.Twenty-six percent of the students say that English stories are their favorite.Only seven percent of the students are most inerested in reading articles about learning methods.However, the number of students who enjoy reading popular science articles doubles that those who prefer reading articles about learning methods.2006高考英语作文湖南卷
第二节 写作(满分25分)
请根据下面的英文短诗,展开适当的想象,写一篇短文,2011高考信息《2006年高考英语作文题目及范文》(http://www.xiexiebang.com)。
标题为:My Teacher Mr Moore
Theres a teacher Mr.Moore.Who is lovely and therty-four.Always dncouraging us to try.He leads us to a world of why.We all admire him more and more.注意:
1.不得照抄短诗原文。
2.必须结合短诗的内容,发挥想象,适当展开。
3.必须突出短诗的主题,结构完整,语意连贯。
4.短文不能写成诗歌形式。
5.词数:120左右。
One possible version:
Of all my teachers, Mr.Moore is the one who impresses me most.Though he is 34, he looks very young for hes age.And hes one of the most popular teachers in our school.Compared with other teachers, Mr.Moore pays more attention to his way of tenching.He tries various ways to make his classes lively and interesting.In his opinion,we should not only know what, but also understand why.So, instead of giving us answers immediately, he encourage us to thenk by ourselves whenever he puts forward questions.With his help.weve learned how to analyze and settle problem.What a wonderful world of why he leads us to!
He is such a learned person that we all admire hem very much.2006高考英语作文安徽卷
假设你是李华,作为选派的交流学生在美国某中学学习了一年,寄住在Mr.Brown家里,刚回到国内。回国后,你发现自己的一本英语词典遗忘在他家,因此给他写了一封信,请他帮助寄回词典。信的主要内容如下:
感谢在美国期间他所提供的帮助
一本英语词典忘记带回
词典是美国老师送的,非常珍贵
词典很可能丢在卧室的书架上
邮资自己付
注意:
1、词数100左右;信的开头和结尾已为你写好。
2、可适当增加细节,使行文连贯
2、参考词汇:邮资-postage
Dear Mr.Brown,__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Yours, Li Hua
One Possible Version
Dear Mr.Brown,Im now safely back home.Thank you very much for all the kindness I got from you during my stay.Hope everything is fine with you there.Now I wonder whether I could ask you a favour.When I came back, I suddently realizes that I had left my English dictionary behind at your place.It is a precious gift from mu American teacher.Would you please be so kind as to send it back to me?Ill pay for the postage.The dictionary must be on the bookshelf in my bedroom.It is the one with a red cover.Thanks and all the best.Yours,Li Hua
2006高考英语作文山东卷
请用英语写一篇100词左右的短文,简要描述漫画内容,并结合生活实际,就漫画的主题发表感想,题目自拟。
说明:该题目,竞学网中学英语频道曾在--竞学网友预测2006英语作文二被预测过。大家可以回顾一下。
2006高考英语作文天津卷
假设你是李华,在出国交流学习期间,到当地一家电影院看了一场精彩的电影,但在观影过程中发现了一些问题。请你根据下列提示用英语给影院经理写一封信。
1、因广告过多,影片放映晚点
2、影片播放音量过大
3、安全出口标识不明,存在安全隐患
3、适当结尾
注意:
1、词数:80-120
2、可适当加入细节,以使行文连贯
3、信的开头已为你写好(不计入词数)
参考词汇:安全出口-exit
安全隐患-potential safety hazard
Dear Manager,Im an exchange student from China.Yesterday, I went to your cinema to see a film.The film was very good, but
2006高考英语作文江西卷
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
请用中秋节的等待为题,用英语写一篇短文,描述下图的内容,并就此发表你的评论。
要求:1.文章必须包括描述和评论两部分;
2.词数为100左右。
2006高考英语作文陕西卷
书面表达(满分30分)
暑假即将来临。你班同学讨论了假期计划,提出了不同看法,请根据提示写一篇有关讨论的英语短文,并谈谈你的看法。
优 点 缺 点
呆在家中 花费少、适方便 不能亲身了解外界
外出旅游 增长知识、开阔眼界 花费多、旅途不便
注意:1.短文写在答题卡上的指定区域,词数80-120(不含已写好部分)。
2.短文必须包括表中所列要点,可根据内容分段表述。
3.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
4.参考词汇:眼界―horizon(或view)
The summer holiday is corning.Our class have had a discussion about what to do during the holiday.One Possible Version
The summer holiday is corning.Our class have had a discussion about what to do during the holiday.Some are in favor of staying at home.They think its both convenient and comfortable.Whats more, they can save money for other purposes.But they will lose the chance of getting to know the outside world.However, others prefer to go out for traveling since it can increase their knowledge and broaden their horizons.But they will spend more money and meet some difficulties while traveling.In my opinion, it would be much better to stay at home, for I can do what I like, such as reading books, watching TV, and helping my parents with the housework.回复 2 楼 2011-09-17
1.书面表达热点预猜(1)Janny9
假设你是李红,你的一位美国笔友Robert写E-mail问及你高85 考后暑假的安排,请根据以下要点,写一封100词左右的email回复他, 可以适当增加细节。
1.学开车 2.参加英语培训课程 3.去北京看奥运会 4.游览北京的名胜
注意:1.根据以上内容写一篇短文,不要逐句翻译,可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
2.要准确使用语法和词汇;使用一定的句型、词汇,清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思;3.词数:100个左右。开头已给出,不计词数。
Dear Robert,How time flies!
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【命题方向与写作提示】
高考英语书面表达写作素材都是与中学生的日常生活相关的话题,会避免出现考生不熟悉的话题,也不会出现农村或城市学生不熟悉的话题,注重考查考生的语言表达能力。本篇素材考查书信体裁的作文,是应用文的写作,话题涉及社会热点:北京奥运会,内容与中学生的实际生活相关:高考后暑假的安排,体裁是书信体的电子邮件。写作要点包括:1)问候;2)引入话题:高考临近,高考后的安排;3)学开车;4)参加英语培训课程;5)去北京看奥运会;6)游览北京的名胜;7)结束语。
【写作提示】
书面表达一定要注意要点齐全,写作中要注意适当增加细节以使上下文连贯,并使用一定数量的句式结构。
范文(One possible version)
Dear Robert:
How time flies!The happy days we shared often shines in my memory.What about you? As you know, my college entrance exam is approaching, which also announces the end of this sort of pressing study life.However,I intend to have a meaningful summer vacation.First, I will learn to drive to get a driving license, which is a new activity for a high school graduate in China.I will have a good rest, enjoying my hobbies.Then I will take some English courses to improve my English communication ability, With the 2008 Olympics beginning, I will be a participant of it, watching the basketball match between China and the US.I have been dreaming of Kobe’s performance long.After that, I will pay a visit to some tourist attractions to widen my horizon.That is the plan for my vacation.I am looking forward to being told about your arrangements of vacation.Give me your quick reply soon, OK?
Best wishes!
2.书面表达热点预猜(2)
如今世界粮食短缺,价格飞涨,给部分地区造成社会动荡。假设在你校开展的研究性学习中,你们小组以“World Food Crisis”为题进行研究,现在请你代表你们小组向全体同学简要介绍你们的研究成果。主要内容
造成的原因:
1.气候变化,造成粮食减产
2.工业发展,城市化加速,耕地减少
3.世界能源价格上涨,使用粮食生产生物燃料
应对的措施:
1.注重环保,改善生态
2.严格保护耕地
3.富国支持穷国,促进世界和谐
你如何做出自己的贡献
1.……
2.……
注意:1.内容包括以上要点,但不要逐句翻译
2.字数150左右,文章开头已提供,不计入总词数
3.参考词汇:城市化 urbanization 生物燃料 biofuels
Hello, everyone,Now I’ll tell you something about our research project The World Food Crisis on behalf of our group.As you know, food shortages have hit many countries in the world and even caused social unrest in some areas.______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
【命题方向与写作提示】
这是一篇提纲式的议论文写作素材,探讨国计民生的社会热点话题:粮食价格上涨。写作时要注意避免逐句翻译,并适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
范文(One possible version)
Hello, everyone,Now I’ll tell you something about our research project The World Food Crisis on behalf of our group.As you know, food shortages have hit many countries in the world and even caused social unrest in some areas.But who is responsible for the current world food crisis? First, annual world grains output has declined because of climate change.Then lots of farmland has been lost due to the rapid development of industry and urbanization.Besides, faced with the rising energy prices, people have turned to the production of biofuels, which has worsened the severe situation.Then what should we do to deal with the problem? On one hand, we should focus on the environmental protection and improve the ecology.On the other hand, strict measures should be taken to protect farmland.Of course, to build a harmonious world the developed countries should take their responsibilities to help the poor ones experiencing food shortage.As for me, I will call on the people around me to live thriftily.And for the moment, I think, we should study hard to develop science and help solve the food shortage in the future.3.书面表达热点预猜(3)
下表是某校关于中学生双休日活动现状的一份调查,请结合表格内容,用英语写一篇120—150单词的短文,就中学生应如何过双休日发表你的看法。
学习情况 几乎都在学习半天学习半天活动 几乎都在做其他事情
16% 24% 60%
娱乐休闲 体育活动 游玩和购物 上网看电视
20% 40% 40%
去图书馆 经常 偶尔 几乎没有
5% 23% 72%
课外兴趣小组 经常 偶尔 不参加
10% 20% 70%
范文(One possible version)
This form displays the result of a survey on how to spend students’ weekend.It says that few students are glued to their schoolwork any more.Instead, they prefer to surf on the internet, watch TV, go shopping rather than involve in sports games.Library and interest groups are available but not favourable.Personally I think, students are now freed from heavy burden but their spare time is not well arranged.They are expected to spend some time on what they learn instead of hanging out.More time should be spent not only on green field but also in the libraries to build up themselves physically and mentally.Besides, more interest groups should be established for students to widen their horizon and sharpen their brains so that they can become more creative eventually.All these will contributes a lot to a well-informed and highly qualified teenager.In conclusion, students should be more scheduled with colorful and fruitful activities.4.书面表达热点预猜(说明文)
假如你是李明,你发现部分同学每次遇到重要考试,都会出现一些焦虑症状。请你用英语写一封信,向某学生英文报编辑反映该问题。信的内容应包括下列要点:
焦虑症状 建 议
头晕、乏力、睡眠不好、食欲不振等
1.考前制定好合适的复习计划
2.考试期间正常作息
3.睡前洗热水澡、喝热牛奶等有助于睡眠
其他建议(内容由考生自己拟定)
注意:1.根据以上内容写一篇短文,不要逐句翻译,可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
2.要准确使用语法和词汇;使用一定的句型、词汇,清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思;
3.词数:100个左右。开头已给出,不计词数。
参考词汇:头晕—dizzy(adj.)
Dear editor,I’m Li Ming of Senior Three, Guangming Middle School.I’m writing to tell you about some symptoms of anxiety among us students before exams.__________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Li Ming
范文(One possible version)
I am Li Ming of Senior Three, Guangming Middle School.I am writing to tell you about some symptoms of anxiety among us students before exams.Most of us feel nervous whenever we’re taking an important exam.Some will feel dizzy or tired, some will suffer from lack of sleep, and some will lose their appetite.In fact, all these symptoms have terrible effects on our exams and we are all eager to get rid of them.First of all, in my opinion, it’s important for us to have a fight attitude towards exams.They are only a means of checking how we are getting along with our studies, so there is no need to worry too much about the results.Study hard every day and make careful plans for every exam.In this way we can avoid suffering from the pressure of exams.Besides, enough sleep can make us energetic and enable us to perform well in an exam.Therefore, during the period of exams, we should not stay up too late.We can also try a warm bath or a cup of warm milk before going to bed.They might help us to have a sound sleep.(We’d better go out for a walk or do some outdoor exercises before and during an exam so that we can keep ourselves relaxed and then concentrate ourselves on exams.)
5.书面表达热点预猜(5)
在紧张的高三备考阶段,英语老师为了提高复习效率,广泛征求学生意见。假如你叫张华,请根据以下提示,给英语老师写封信,表达你们的需求和建议。
●适当放慢进度,留出思考时间
●反复训练重要、易错知识点
●指导方法
●减少作业量以保证质量
●给予鼓励
注意:1.根据以上内容写一篇短文,不要逐句翻译,可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
2.要准确使用语法和词汇;使用一定的句型、词汇,清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思;
3.词数:100个左右。开头已给出,不计词数。
Dear Mr.Wang,We’re so pleased that you are willing to share our views.In the course of the general revision, what we need is solid foundation.________________
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范文(One possible version)
Dear Mr.Wang,We’re so pleased that you are willing to share our views.In the course of the general revision, what we need is solid foundation.As you know, we didn’t learn well enough in the first two years, so please slow down and make sure we have really mastered something.Besides, we need a little more time to think for ourselves.As for those important points which also make us confused, would you please give us more practice in case we forget? Meanwhile, we need your instruction, for example, in how to write in natural English.I still have another request: assign us less homework in order that we can do it more efficiently.By the way, we often feel frustrated, which has a very bad effect on our study.We would appreciate it if you would give us some encouragement from time to time.6.书面表达热点预猜(记叙文,图表作文)
假如你是中学生李华,你校同学上周末刚举行了一次英语演讲比赛,请根据下表内容,用英语写一封信给远在美国的笔友John,介绍这次活动的情况。
时间 地点 演讲者 评委 观众
上周六上午 学校操场 每班2名选手,共20人(范文略)
回复 3 楼 2012-02-04
1.书面表达热点预猜(1)安
假设你是李红,你的一位美国笔友Robert写E-mail问及你高考792 后暑假的安排,请根据以下要点,写一封100词左右的email回复他, 可以适当增加细节。
1.学开车 2.参加英语培训课程 3.去北京看奥运会 4.游览北京的名胜
注意:1.根据以上内容写一篇短文,不要逐句翻译,可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
2.要准确使用语法和词汇;使用一定的句型、词汇,清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思;3.词数:100个左右。开头已给出,不计词数。
Dear Robert,How time flies!
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【命题方向与写作提示】
高考英语书面表达写作素材都是与中学生的日常生活相关的话题,会避免出现考生不熟悉的话题,也不会出现农村或城市学生不熟悉的话题,注重考查考生的语言表达能力。本篇素材考查书信体裁的作文,是应用文的写作,话题涉及社会热点:北京奥运会,内容与中学生的实际生活相关:高考后暑假的安排,体裁是书信体的电子邮件。写作要点包括:1)问候;2)引入话题:高考临近,高考后的安排;3)学开车;4)参加英语培训课程;5)去北京看奥运会;6)游览北京的名胜;7)结束语。
【写作提示】
书面表达一定要注意要点齐全,写作中要注意适当增加细节以使上下文连贯,并使用一定数量的句式结构。
范文(One possible version)
Dear Robert:
How time flies!The happy days we shared often shines in my memory.What about you? As you know, my college entrance exam is approaching, which also announces the end of this sort of pressing study life.However,I intend to have a meaningful summer vacation.First, I will learn to drive to get a driving license, which is a new activity for a high school graduate in China.I will have a good rest, enjoying my hobbies.Then I will take some English courses to improve my English communication ability, With the 2008 Olympics beginning, I will be a participant of it, watching the basketball match between China and the US.I have been dreaming of Kobe’s performance long.After that, I will pay a visit to some tourist attractions to widen my horizon.That is the plan for my vacation.I am looking forward to being told about your arrangements of vacation.Give me your quick reply soon, OK?
Best wishes!
2.书面表达热点预猜(2)
如今世界粮食短缺,价格飞涨,给部分地区造成社会动荡。假设在你校开展的研究性学习中,你们小组以“World Food Crisis”为题进行研究,现在请你代表你们小组向全体同学简要介绍你们的研究成果。主要内容
造成的原因:
1.气候变化,造成粮食减产
2.工业发展,城市化加速,耕地减少
3.世界能源价格上涨,使用粮食生产生物燃料
应对的措施:
1.注重环保,改善生态
2.严格保护耕地
3.富国支持穷国,促进世界和谐
你如何做出自己的贡献
1.……
2.……
注意:1.内容包括以上要点,但不要逐句翻译
2.字数150左右,文章开头已提供,不计入总词数
3.参考词汇:城市化 urbanization 生物燃料 biofuels
Hello, everyone,Now I’ll tell you something about our research project The World Food Crisis on behalf of our group.As you know, food shortages have hit many countries in the world and even caused social unrest in some areas.______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
【命题方向与写作提示】
这是一篇提纲式的议论文写作素材,探讨国计民生的社会热点话题:粮食价格上涨。写作时要注意避免逐句翻译,并适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
范文(One possible version)
Hello, everyone,Now I’ll tell you something about our research project The World Food Crisis on behalf of our group.As you know, food shortages have hit many countries in the world and even caused social unrest in some areas.But who is responsible for the current world food crisis? First, annual world grains output has declined because of climate change.Then lots of farmland has been lost due to the rapid development of industry and urbanization.Besides, faced with the rising energy prices, people have turned to the production of biofuels, which has worsened the severe situation.Then what should we do to deal with the problem? On one hand, we should focus on the environmental protection and improve the ecology.On the other hand, strict measures should be taken to protect farmland.Of course, to build a harmonious world the developed countries should take their responsibilities to help the poor ones experiencing food shortage.As for me, I will call on the people around me to live thriftily.And for the moment, I think, we should study hard to develop science and help solve the food shortage in the future.3.书面表达热点预猜(3)
下表是某校关于中学生双休日活动现状的一份调查,请结合表格内容,用英语写一篇120—150单词的短文,就中学生应如何过双休日发表你的看法。
学习情况 几乎都在学习半天学习半天活动 几乎都在做其他事情
16% 24% 60%
娱乐休闲 体育活动 游玩和购物 上网看电视
20% 40% 40%
去图书馆 经常 偶尔 几乎没有
5% 23% 72%
课外兴趣小组 经常 偶尔 不参加
10% 20% 70%
范文(One possible version)
This form displays the result of a survey on how to spend students’ weekend.It says that few students are glued to their schoolwork any more.Instead, they prefer to surf on the internet, watch TV, go shopping rather than involve in sports games.Library and interest groups are available but not favourable.Personally I think, students are now freed from heavy burden but their spare time is not well arranged.They are expected to spend some time on what they learn instead of hanging out.More time should be spent not only on green field but also in the libraries to build up themselves physically and mentally.Besides, more interest groups should be established for students to widen their horizon and sharpen their brains so that they can become more creative eventually.All these will contributes a lot to a well-informed and highly qualified teenager.In conclusion, students should be more scheduled with colorful and fruitful activities.4.书面表达热点预猜(说明文)
假如你是李明,你发现部分同学每次遇到重要考试,都会出现一些焦虑症状。请你用英语写一封信,向某学生英文报编辑反映该问题。信的内容应包括下列要点:
焦虑症状 建 议
头晕、乏力、睡眠不好、食欲不振等
1.考前制定好合适的复习计划
2.考试期间正常作息
3.睡前洗热水澡、喝热牛奶等有助于睡眠
其他建议(内容由考生自己拟定)
注意:1.根据以上内容写一篇短文,不要逐句翻译,可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
2.要准确使用语法和词汇;使用一定的句型、词汇,清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思;
3.词数:100个左右。开头已给出,不计词数。
参考词汇:头晕—dizzy(adj.)
Dear editor,I’m Li Ming of Senior Three, Guangming Middle School.I’m writing to tell you about some symptoms of anxiety among us students before exams.__________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Li Ming
范文(One possible version)
I am Li Ming of Senior Three, Guangming Middle School.I am writing to tell you about some symptoms of anxiety among us students before exams.Most of us feel nervous whenever we’re taking an important exam.Some will feel dizzy or tired, some will suffer from lack of sleep, and some will lose their appetite.In fact, all these symptoms have terrible effects on our exams and we are all eager to get rid of them.First of all, in my opinion, it’s important for us to have a fight attitude towards exams.They are only a means of checking how we are getting along with our studies, so there is no need to worry too much about the results.Study hard every day and make careful plans for every exam.In this way we can avoid suffering from the pressure of exams.Besides, enough sleep can make us energetic and enable us to perform well in an exam.Therefore, during the period of exams, we should not stay up too late.We can also try a warm bath or a cup of warm milk before going to bed.They might help us to have a sound sleep.(We’d better go out for a walk or do some outdoor exercises before and during an exam so that we can keep ourselves relaxed and then concentrate ourselves on exams.)
5.书面表达热点预猜(5)
在紧张的高三备考阶段,英语老师为了提高复习效率,广泛征求学生意见。假如你叫张华,请根据以下提示,给英语老师写封信,表达你们的需求和建议。
●适当放慢进度,留出思考时间
●反复训练重要、易错知识点
●指导方法
●减少作业量以保证质量
●给予鼓励
注意:1.根据以上内容写一篇短文,不要逐句翻译,可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
2.要准确使用语法和词汇;使用一定的句型、词汇,清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思;
3.词数:100个左右。开头已给出,不计词数。
Dear Mr.Wang,We’re so pleased that you are willing to share our views.In the course of the general revision, what we need is solid foundation.________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
范文(One possible version)
Dear Mr.Wang,We’re so pleased that you are willing to share our views.In the course of the general revision, what we need is solid foundation.As you know, we didn’t learn well enough in the first two years, so please slow down and make sure we have really mastered something.Besides, we need a little more time to think for ourselves.As for those important points which also make us confused, would you please give us more practice in case we forget? Meanwhile, we need your instruction, for example, in how to write in natural English.I still have another request: assign us less homework in order that we can do it more efficiently.By the way, we often feel frustrated, which has a very bad effect on our study.We would appreciate it if you would give us some encouragement from time to time.
第二篇:全国卷高考英语作文评分标准
全国卷高考英语作文评分标准
1.本题总分为25分,按5个档次给分。
2.评分时,先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次 的要求来衡量,确定或调整档次,最后给分。
3.词数少于80和多于 120的,从总分中减去2分。
4.评分时,应注意的主要内容为:内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性。
5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面,评分时,应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写汉词汇用法均可接受。
6.如书写较差,以至影响交际,将分数降低一个档次。
Ⅰ.第五档(很好);(21-25分):完全完成了试题规定的任务
⑴覆盖所有内容要点 ⑵应用了较多的语法结构和词汇,⑶语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误,但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致;具备较强的语言运用能力,⑷有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使全文结构紧凑完全达到了预期的写作目的Ⅱ.第四档(好):(16-20分)完全完成了试题规定的任务
⑴虽漏掉1、2个次重点,但覆盖所有主要内容 ⑵应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求
⑶语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确,些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致
⑷应用简单的语句间的连接成分,使全文结构紧凑达到了预期的写作目的
Ⅲ.第三档(适当):(11-15分)基本完成了试题规定的任务
⑴虽漏掉一些内容,但覆盖所有主要内容⑵应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求
⑶有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误,但不影响理解
⑷应用简单的语句间的连接成分,使全文内容连贯整体而言,基本达到了预期的写作目的Ⅳ.第二档(较差):(6-10分)未恰当完成试题规定的任务
⑴漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容,写了一些无关内容 ⑵语法结构单调、词汇项目有限
⑶有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误,影响了对写作内容的理解
⑷较少使用语句间的连接成分,内容缺少连贯性信息未能清楚地传达给读者
Ⅴ.第一档(差):(1-5分)未完成试题规定的任务
⑴明显遗漏主要内容,写了一些无关内容,原因可能是未理解试题要求
⑵语法结构单调、词汇项目有限
⑶较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误,影响对写作内容的理解
⑷缺乏语句间的连接成分,内容不连贯信息未能传达给读者。
第三篇:全国卷英语高考满分作文
高考满分作文
最近,你校同学正在参加某英文报组织的一场讨论。讨论的主题是:公园要不要收门票?请你根据下表所提供的信息,给报社写一封信,客观地介绍讨论情况。
60%的同学认为40%的同学认为
1.不应该收门票
2.公园是公众休闲的地方
3.如收门票,需建大门、围墙,会影响城市形象1.应收门票,但票价不要太高
2.支付园林工人工资
3.购新花木
注意:1.信的开头已为你写好。
2.词数:100左右。
3.参考词汇:门票---entrance fee
Dear Editor.
I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we have had about whether an entrancefee should be charged for parks.
高考满分作文1(1号题)
Dear editor,I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we have had about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks.60% of us schoolmates think that an entrance fee do not meet people’s expectations, for a park is considered to be a place where the public can have a good time when they are not busy either at home or at work.If an entrance fee must be paid by the visitors for a park, it will be necessary to build a gate and surrounding walls.In the end a city will take on a bad look.40% of us schoolmates think that an entrance fee can be accepted, but it must not be too expensive.The money from ticket selling can be used for paying the gardeners in the park and buying some other kinds of flowers and trees.With regard to myself, I think an entrance fee is useful, for it can be used to protect a park.Do we share the same opinion, dear editor?
Yours truly,Li Hua
高考英语满分作文第二篇
Dear editor,I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we have had about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks.Sixty students out of one hundred think that an entrance fee should not be bought before one enters a park, for it is a place for the public to go to when they are free.If a ticket must be bought, a gate and walls have to be built for a park, which will make a city look ugly.Forty students out of one hundred think that an entrance fee should be bought before one enters a park, but that the price of the ticket should be reasonable.Money that is got from ticket selling can be used to pay the gardening workers and buy different kinds of flowers and trees.As for myself, I really think parks are good places to go to at weekends and on holidays.At the same
time, we, as visitors, should pay the entrance fee when we enter a park.After all, it takes a lot of money to maintain a park in good working order.Do you agree with me, dear editor?
Yours truly,Li Hua
Dear editor,I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we have had about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks.Sixty percent of my schoolmates are for the idea that an entrance fee should not be forced on the public.They believe parks are the place where the public enjoy themselves at their leisure.They think that a gate and wails are to be built if an entrance fee is to be charged.The city will not look so beautiful as it should have.Forty percent of my schoolmates are for the idea that an entrance fee is OK, but it shouldn’t be out of control.Entrance fee can be used to pay the gardeners and buy new types of flowers and trees.For myself, I’d like to say that if we all work hard to build our city into a flower garden, who cares about the entrance fee for parks?
Yours truly,Li Hua
高考英语满分作文第四篇
Dear editor,I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we have had about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks.Those against charging entrance fee for parks take up 60%.They are of one mind that parks are a place for the public’s enjoyment.If tickets are demanded on the visitors of a park, a gate has to be set up and so have the walls on the four sides.If so, city will not look as beautiful as it would.Otherwise, those in favour of charging entrance fee for parks take up 40%.They all think that ticket price should be controlled properly, and that entrance fee can be used to pay the gardeners and buy new sorts of flowers and trees.The truth lies in the hands of the majority.Does my argument stand to reason, dear editor?
Yours truly,Li Hua
Dear editor,I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we have had about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks.Of all us who have joined in the discussion, 60% share the point of view that an entrance fee should not be charged while 40% share the opposite view.Those who don’t agree with the idea think that a park is a place where the public can spend their spare time for pleasure.Those in support of the idea think that entrance fee for parks can’t be beyond control.Those against the idea think that a city’s appearance will be damaged because a gate and wails will be built if an entrance fee is to be collected.Those who agree with the idea think entrance fee can be used to pay the gardeners and buy new kinds of flowers and trees.I think it does more good than harm to charge an entrance fee for parks.Am I right, editor?
Yours truly,Li Hua
第四篇:2013高考英语完形填空(全国卷)
Michael Greenberg is a very popular New Yorker.He is not famous in sports or thearts, But people in the streets For those people, he is “Gloves” Greenberg.?
He looks like any other businessman, wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase(公文箱).But he's .His briefcase always has some gloves.In winter,Mr..He looks around at .He stops when he gloves.He gives them a pair and then he .
On winter days,Mr.Greenberg gloves.During the rest of the year,hegloves.People who have heard about him .
Mr.doing this 21 years ago.Now, many poor New Yorkers know him and .him.They don't realize that he just wants to make them.
It runs in Michael's father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier.Michael Greenberg feels .A pair of gloves may bething,but it can make a big difference in winter.
16.A.know about B.learn from C.cheer for D.look after
17.A.old B.busy C.kind D.poor
18.A.job B.name C.chance D.message
19.A.calm B.different C.crazy D.curious
20.A.act B.sound C.feel D.dress
21.A.cross over B.drive along C.hurry down D.keep off
22.A.cars B.people C.street numbers D.traffic lights
23.A.helps B .chooses C.greetsD.sees
24.A.holds up B.hangs out C.moves on D.turns around
25.A.hands B.ears C.facesD.eyes
26.A.searches forB.stores upC.gives awayD.puts on
27.A.borrows B.sellsC.returns D.buys
28.A.callB.sendC.lend D.show
29.A.delayedB.rememberedC.beganD.enjoyed
30.A.understandB.dislike C.study D.excuse
31.A.sorry for B.satisfied with C.proud of D.surprised by
32.A.smart B.rich C.special D.happy
33.A.city B.family C.neighborhood D.company
34.A.honor B.pain C.same D.cold
35.A.small B.useful C.delightful D.comforting
第五篇:高考全国卷作文
高考全国卷作文
【摘 要】高考从1977年恢复全国统考到2008年,历经三十余年变革,对中学教学的“指挥棒”导向是客观存在。作为高考重头戏的高考作文对高中作文教学的影响也是同样存在。与其亦步亦趋高考作文命题对高中作文教学的检验和导向影响,不如充分利用导向价值。本文正是立足于抓住高考作文命题的变革的特点,结合新课标的理念,反其道而用之,提出相宜的作文教学训练策略,把促进作文教学的质量提高和更快发展提升学生的作文素养落实到实处。全文共分五章: 第一章 引言。包括研究背景与原因;研究目的与意义;文献研究;研究内容与重点;研究难点与创新;研究条件、方法及预期达到的目标。第二章 三十年(1978--2008)高考全国卷作文命题分析。包括高考全国卷作文命题的阶段化分期概况:恢复与发展期、深化发展期、转型与多元化阶段;高考作文命题阶段化比较分析,每个阶段从考查主题内容、题型、作文的要求、文体的变化进行分析。高考作文命题变革特点综述:坚持育人、保持时代性、重视思辨性、体现人文性、走向开放性、迈向多元性。第三章 他山之石--国际视角下的高考作文命题分析。包括法国高考作文命题分析;法国高考作文命题给我国高考作文命题的思考;法国高考作文命题给我国高中作文教学的启示。第四章 新课标理念下的高中作文教学策略。包括新课标与高考作文命题研究;重点内容有高考作文命题变革与高中作文教学策略。其策略:抓作文教学的“源”,深入生活的策略;抓作文教学的“本”,注重思维全面训练的策略;作文教学训练的多元化策略;作文教学训练与其它学科的整合策略;读与写的紧密结合训练策略。第五章 从高考作文命题变革看高中作文教学的发展趋势。包括高中作文教学的以人为本的原则、重视思辨与创新能力的培养、注重学生广博的知识积累、生活实用文为主
法国作文看上去很美 【日 期】2015.06.11 【来 源】乌鲁木齐晚报 您咨询的该报纸正文为: 伴随着2015年全国各地高考作文命题引发一年一度的全民吐槽,一份“法国历年高考作文题”再度在网上疯传,引发中国网友的评论。“我们是否应该为了获得幸福而穷尽一切手段?”“拥有选择权是否就意味着自由?”„„
和中国高考作文题相比,法国“高考作文题”体现出浓浓的哲学味。但其实这很正常,因为这些试题考核的本身就是哲学、而非语文;法国会考(BAC)中以命题论文为形式的哲学考试,和中国高考语文考试中的作文不是一回事儿。
但法国“高大上”的哲学作文命题仍然被不断地拿来与中国高考作文题相比较,并在坊间得出中国“应试教育失败”、中国学生“思维僵化”“人文素养薄弱”之类的结论。然而,法国会考的哲学作文命题真的那么“高大上”么?法国人对于哲学的特别关注是出于“素质教育”的目的么?法国和中国的国民在人文素养上究竟有多大的差距,抑或不同?对此,南京大学哲学系教授胡大平有令人耳目一新的见解。
法国近年高考作文题(部分)
●2014年法国高中会考作文
文科:1.艺术作品是否可以培养我们的感知和理解能力?2.我们是否应该为了获得幸福而穷尽一切手段?3.评述波普尔《客观知识��一个进化论的研究》选段。
理科:1.人们是为了追求幸福而活着吗?2.艺术家是否是他个人作品的主宰者?3.评述笛卡尔著作《指导心智的规则》中的选段。社会经济科:1.拥有选择权是否就意味着自由?2.为什么人们需要寻求自我认知?3.评述汉娜?阿伦特著作《人的境况》中的选段。
●2013年法国高中会考作文
文科:1.语言是否是一门工具?2.科学是否仅仅局限于用来验证事实?3.评述笛卡尔与伊丽莎白公主通信中的一段论述。
理科:1.工作是否能使人们认清自我?2.我们是否可以不受政治影响而仅仅遵循道义行事?3.评述法国哲学家亨利?柏格森在《思维与虚无》中的一段论述。
社会经济科:1.我们对国家负有哪些责任?2.在缺乏了解的情况下如何解读和阐述事物?3.评述中世纪意大利哲学家安瑟伦在《论上帝的预知、预见、恩典同自由意志的和谐》一段论述。
●2012年法国高中会考作文
文科:1.人们通过工作获得了什么?2.是否所有的信仰都是与理性相悖的?3.解释斯宾诺莎《神学政治论》的一个节选段落。
理科:1.我们是否有责任追求真相?2.解释卢梭《埃弥尔》的一个节选段落。
●2011年法国高中会考作文
1.比起科学,艺术是否不那么必要?2.自制力是否取决于自知之明?3.感受到不公正是否加深对公正的理解?(据百度)
法国培育“伟大的心灵”,中国培养“有用的人才”
“法国历年高考作文题”在网上疯传后,一种较为普遍的观点是,法国的作文命题体现出的是一种“素质教育”导向。
然而,南京大学哲学系教授胡大平觉得,这不是什么“素质教育”和“应试教育”的问题;中国和法国,不是教育的路径不同,而是对于教育的整体理解不同。法国人认为教育的目的是培育“伟大的心灵”;而中国人,不管说“素质教育”还是“应试教育”,其目的都是为了培养“有用的人才”。
胡大平说,“这本身也许没什么错,但可能会酿成一些不好的结果。因为,当你将社科人文的理论教条化、系统化、条条框框化��比如中国从小学就开始的‘思想品德教育’��作为一种‘素质’或单纯的‘知识’进行教育或灌输,学生们学到的东西可能最终和实际的生活没有什么关系。”
“人们是为了追求幸福而活着吗?”„„胡大平认为,法国会考出这个题目,显然不是指望中学生们在短短的时间内写出一篇逻辑严密、思想深刻的鸿篇大作,而是期望他们给出个人体验式的表达;其前提是,那些孩子在成长的过程中一直不乏对于抽象问题的实际追问;至少,他们不会在知识学上找到那些问题的标准答案。
法国人对于科学的看法,和今天的中国人不尽相同。胡大平表示,今天的中国人倾向于科学/人文的两分思路,而在法国,哲学是具有统摄性的,位于其他一切学科之上。举个例子来说,中国现在的医学教育,倾向于把疾病理解为一个独立于生命而存在的“东西”,患病者成为福柯所谓的“标注了疾病征兆的人体解剖图”;而在一个哲学具有统摄力量的社会里,生命关怀会“自然”地介入医护人员的工作实践。另外,中国的中学生真的没有人能够回答法国哲学的考卷么?未必。只是我们没有把这些作为衡量的维度而已。
不可否认,像法国高中会考那样的作文题,放在全世界也是很少见的。
胡大平说,这与法国自启蒙时代以来深厚的哲学传统有关,也与这个国家自拿破仑时代以来对于哲学教育的高度重视有关。他们让年轻人关注的与其说是“知识”,不如说是“意义”��这种教育和考核方式,不要说和今天的中国比,就是放在西方世界都是极为罕见的。
也正因为如此,对于我们这些哲学的研究者和教育工作者来说,法国让我们看到了一种对于工具理性的反抗,一种非常珍贵的真澈,一种压抑的高度现代化社会中的希望。
法国会考的出题套路,也带有某种“工具”目的,即借着会考这种重要的形式,传递厚重的社群历史和民族记忆,通过一代又一代的年轻人,将法国那种“高贵而崇高”的“民族性”传递下去。
最后,胡大平总结道,流行观点总是拿西方作为“好的”标准来打压目前中国在各个领域里的现状,教育亦不例外。但在这里,仍然存在一个问题:在追求民族进步和文明发展过程中,在解决今天中国人之生存、发展和个性过程中,我们不可能不付出成本便解决由先行与模仿两种不同路径所造成的那种历史落差。从教育来看,至少在今天,专门化仍是我们在科学、技术以及其他诸多领域拉平与西方所谓发达国家差距的唯一道路。
从作文看法国人的哲学观
法国的高考又称高中毕业会考,通常每年6月份举行,会考分为文科、理科、社会经济科三类。会考通过后可直接申请法国大学。
法国高中毕业会考由拿破仑于1808年3月17日下令设立,其第一门考试科目是哲学,这已是19世纪以来的惯例了。所以每个法国人都有在中学时代为应付考试而“背哲学”(类似我们中国学生“背政治”)那样的经历,也就是传说中的法国人一生中都要过的一关��不论是主修文科、社会经济,还是理科,所有中学毕业生都要考哲学,写一篇哲学作文。
参加毕业会考的法国学生第一门考试科目为哲学类考试,每位考生可在三个备选题目中任选一题,考试时间为4个小时。
供选择的题中总有一道是“语录评论题”,即给出一段某哲人的语录,考生运用学过的哲学知识和观点来加以诠释和评论;还有两道是“观点论述题”,即给出某种哲学观点,由考生引经据典加以论述和发挥。
在法国,哲学课的地位与法语、数学和物理这样的主课不相上下。法国普通中学的学生升入高中以后就开始分科上课,根据个人的爱好和特长选择文学、经济类或者科学类课程。
但是无论是哪一科的学生,哲学都是必修课,文学类的学生每周要上8个小时的哲学课,而经济科和科学类的学生也要上4个小时的哲学课。
法国人为什么如此重视哲学呢?根据法国教育部颁发的大纲,哲学课的目的,是要“培养学生的批判性思维并建立理性分析坐标以领悟时代的意义”。说得通俗一点,就是要让学生发现自我价值,学会对周围司空见惯的现象说“不”,在未来的实际工作中养成创造性的思考方式。
再者,法国有丰富的民族文化,历史上曾产生过像笛卡尔、孟德斯鸠、伏尔泰、卢梭、萨特这样在世界人类文明史上占有一席之地的大思想家和哲学家。所以,法国学生的毕业会考,一定要有哲学类考试。(综合东方早报、华商报)
“法高考作文题”为何如此“高大上”
【日 期】2015.06.09 【来 源】东方早报 您咨询的该报纸正文为: “我们活着是为了幸福么?”“欲望是否可以在现实中得到满足?”„„法国会考出这个题目,显然不是指望中学生们在短短的时间内写出鸿篇大作,而是期望他们给出个人体验式的表达。
早报记者 吴海云
伴随着2015年全国各地高考作文命题引发一年一度的全民吐槽,一份“法国历年高考作文题”再度在网上疯传,引发中国网友的评论。“我们是否应该为获得幸福而穷尽一切手段?”“拥有选择权是否就意味着自由?”“人活着是为了幸福吗?”“我们能否对真理漠不关心?”„„和中国高考作文题相比,法国“高考作文题”体现出浓浓的哲学味。但其实这很正常,因为这些试题考核的本身就是哲学、而非语文;法国会考(BAC)中以命题论文为形式的哲学考试,和中国高考语文考试中的作文不是一回事儿。
但法国“高大上”的哲学作文命题仍然被不断地拿来与中国高考卷作文题相比较,并在坊间得出中国“应试教育失败”、中国学生“思维僵化”“人文素养薄弱”之类的结论。然而,法国会考的哲学作文命题真的那么“高大上”么?法国人对于哲学的特别关注是出于“素质教育”的目的么?法国和中国的国民在人文素养上究竟有多大的差距,抑或不同?对此,南京大学哲学系教授胡大平有着令人耳目一新的见解。
东方早报:伴随着今年全国高考作文题的公布,那份在网上数度流传的“法国高考作文题”也重回了人们的视野。一种较为普遍的观点是,法国的题目非常“高大上”,相比之下,我们的作文题过于幼稚。你对此怎么看?
胡大平:我对此的看法和许多学者专家的观点有所不同。他们大多认为,法国的作文命题体现出的是一种“素质教育”导向,而我觉得,这不是什么“素质教育”和“应试教育”的问题;中国和法国,不是教育的路径不同,而是对于教育的整体理解不同。法国人认为教育的目的是培育“伟大的心灵”;而中国人,不管说“素质教育”还是“应试教育”,其目的都是为了培养“有用的人才”。
这本身也许没什么错,但可能会酿成一些不好的结果。因为,当你将社科人文的理论教条化、系统化、条条框框化——比如中国从小学就开始的“思想品德教育”——作为一种“素质”或单纯的“知识”进行教育或灌输,学生们学到的东西可能最终和实际的生活没有什么关系。
东方早报:我是不是可以这样理解你的意思——中国中学的教育问题,并不在于是将知识作为一种“应试”手段还是“培养素质”的手段,而是在于学理与实际的脱节。
胡大平:是的。你看法国会考出的那些题目,“我们活着是为了幸福么?”“欲望是否可以在现实中得到满足?”“没有国家我们会更自由吗?”„„你说它们是不是高深的哲学命题?也许是,也许算不上。无论如何,法国会考出这个题目,显然不是指望中学生们在短短的时间内写出一篇逻辑严密、思想深刻的鸿篇大作,而是期望他们给出个人体验式的表达;其前提是,那些孩子在成长的过程中一直不乏对于抽象问题的实际追问;至少,他们不会在知识学上找到那些问题的标准答案。
东方早报:但问题是,法国的中学生确实能够回答这样的问题,这至少反映出他们非同一般的哲学素养吧?
胡大平:这就牵涉到了另一个问题,那就是法国人对于科学的看法,和今天的中国人不尽相同。今天的中国人倾向于科学/人文的两分思路,而在法国,哲学是具有统摄性的,位于其他一切学科之上。举个例子来说,中国现在的医学教育,倾向于把疾病理解为一个独立于生命而存在的“东西”,患病者成为福柯所谓的“标注了疾病征兆的人体解剖图”;而在一个哲学具有统摄力量的社会里,生命关怀会“自然”地介入医护人员的工作实践。另外,中国的中学生真的没有人能够回答法国哲学的考卷么?未必。只是我们没有把这些作为衡量的维度而已。
东方早报:像那样的作文题,放在全世界也是很少见的吧?
胡大平:确实。这与法国自启蒙时代以来深厚的哲学传统有关,也与这个国家自拿破仑时代以来对于哲学教育的高度重视有关。他们让年轻人关注的与其说是“知识”,不如说是“意义”——这种教育和考核方式,不要说和今天的中国比,就是放在西方世界都是极为罕见的。也正因为如此,对于我们这些哲学的研究者和教育工作者来说,法国让我们看到了一种对于工具理性的反抗,一种非常珍贵的真澈,一种压抑的高度现代化社会中的希望。
法国会考的出题套路,也带有某种“工具”目的,即借着会考这种重要的形式,传递厚重的社群历史和民族记忆,通过一代又一代的年轻人,将法国那种“高贵而崇高”的“民族性”传递下去。
东方早报:在你看来,我们今天的教育和考核是否应该学习、借鉴法国?
胡大平:流行观点总是拿西方作为“好的”标准来打压目前中国在各个领域里的现状,教育亦不例外。但在这里,仍然存在一个问题:在追求民族进步和文明发展过程中,在解决今天中国人之生存、发展和个性过程中,我们不可能不付出成本便解决由先行与模仿两种不同路径所造成的那种历史落差。从教育来看,至少在今天,专门化仍是我们在科学、技术以及其他诸多领域拉平与西方所谓发达国家差距的唯一道路。
■ 延伸阅读
法国高中毕业会考由拿破仑于1808年3月17日下令设立,其第一门考试科目是哲学,这已是19世纪以来的惯例了。所以每个法国人都有在中学时代为应付考试而“背哲学”(类似我们中国学生“背政治”)那样的经历,也就是传说中的法国人一生中都要过的一关——不论是主修文科、经济社会,还是理科,所有中学毕业生都要考哲学,写一篇哲学作文。
考试从8点到12点考4个小时,考生可以在三道题中任选其一。供选择的题中总有一道是“语录评论题”,即给出一段某哲人的语录,考生运用学过的哲学知识和观点来加以诠释和评论;还有两道是“观点论述题”,即给出某种哲学观点,由考生引经据典加以论述和发挥。
在法国,哲学课的地位与法语、数学和物理这样的主课不相上下。法国普通中学的学生升入高中以后就开始分科上课,根据个人的爱好和特长选择文学、经济类或者科学类课程。但是无论是哪一科的学生,哲学都是必修课,文学类的学生每周要上8个小时的哲学课,而经济科和科学类的学生也要上4个小时的哲学课。
从中法高考作文题看教育差别
【日 期】2015.06.09 【来 源】承德日报 您咨询的该报纸正文为: 每年高考,作文题目都是社会最关注的话题。为什么大家都共同关注作文题?因为作文不仅分值大,而且最能检验考生的综合素质。
就在举国关注今年各地高考作文题目之时,公众号逻辑学 ID:ihegel 旁听生整理的《法国高考作文题(2006—2014)》在网上火起来。笔者认真看了法国高考作文题目,顿觉中国高考作文题太小儿科了。与法国相比,我们的高考作文题简直就是小学生作文题,而法国的高考作文题估计在大学才能看到。
这真是天壤之别。我们只看看2014年的法国作文题目就能看出差别来。
文科考生试题 / Série L(littéraire)(三选一)1.艺术作品能培养我们的感知力和领悟力吗?
2.我们是否应该为获得幸福而穷尽一切手段?
3.阐释哲学家卡尔.波普尔1972年著作《客观知识:一个进化论的研究》中的选段。
社会经济科考生试题 / Série ES(économique et social)(三选一)1.拥有选择权是否就意味着自由?
2.为什么人需要寻求认识自己?
3.阐释政治理论家汉娜.阿伦特1958年著作《人的境况》中的选段。
理科考生试题/ Série S(scientifique)(三选一)1.人活着是为了幸福吗?
2.艺术家是否是他个人作品的主宰者?
3.阐释笛卡尔1628年著作《指导心智的规则》中的选段。
音乐舞蹈专科试题 / Série TMD(Techniques de la Musique et de la Danse)(三选一)1.文化的多样性是否会阻碍全人类的团结?
2.我们能否对真理漠不关心?
3.阐释哲学家康德1795年著作《道德形而上学》中的选段。
法国这12道高考作文题目,让我们的学生来做其中的任何一道,能完成吗?恐怕很难。至少写不出思想深度来,因为我们的学生没有自己的思想,只有教科书的标准答案。完成这样的作文题目,一要视野宽阔,具有广泛的阅读;二要学会思辨,能够从正反两面对一个问题进行分析论证;三要涉猎经典,多读经典才能有自己的见解,尤其是第三个题目;四要关注精神层面,平时要关注人文精神层面的东西。
无论是文科、理科,还是经济社会科、音乐舞蹈专科,别人强调的是人的教育,重视经典阅读,引导学生思考人生思考社会思考真理。我们强调的是什么?教科书中的标准答案,零碎的知识点,即考点。考什么就学什么,不考什么就不学什么。我们的学生能把《资本论》经典著作拿到教室里吗?不能。这些经典是课外书,与考试关系不大,如果拿到教室就会被老师没收并处罚。不但这些经典著作在课堂没有容身之地,就是教科书中的一些经典篇目也被删掉了,理由之一“艰涩难懂”,比如鲁迅的作品。删掉经典,填充的是什么呢?一些流行作家的心灵鸡汤作品。
从高考作文题,我们不难看出中法两国教育的差别。试想一下,别人培养出来的人才是什么样的,我们培养出来的人才又是什么样的,我们能够与别人PK吗?为什么我们培养不出杰出的哲学家、科学家、艺术家?从作文题目就可以找到答案。看看别人的作文题,再看看我们的作文题,我们难道不该自我反省吗?教育决定民族的未来,我们应该抛弃应试教育那一套了!
孤烟直