第一篇：论文常用英语句型
Beginning
l In this paper, we focus on the need for
l This paper proceeds as follow.l The structure of the paper is as follows.l In this paper, we shall first briefly introduce fuzzy sets and related concepts l To begin with we will provide a brief background on the
Introduction
l This will be followed by a description of the fuzzy nature of the problem and a detailed presentation of how the required membership functions are defined.l Details on xx and xx are discussed in later sections.l In the next section, after a statement of the basic problem, various situations
involving possibility knowledge are investigated: first, an entirely possibility model is proposed;then the cases of a fuzzy service time with stochastic arrivals and non-fuzzy service rule is studied;lastly, fuzzy service rule are considered.Review
l This review is followed by an introduction.l A brief summary of some of the relevant concepts in xxx and xxx is presented in Section 2.l In the next section a brief view of the....is given.l In the next section, a short review of...is given with special regard to...l Section 2 reviews relevant research related to xx.l Section 1.1 briefly surveys the motivation for a methodology of action, while 1.2 looks at the difficulties posed by the complexity of systems and outlines the need for development of possibility methods.Body
l Section 1 defines the notion of robustness, and argues for its importance.l Section 1 devoted to the basic aspects of the FLC decision-making logic.l Section 2 gives the background of the problem which includes xxx
l Section 2 discusses some problems with and approaches to, natural language understanding.l Section 2 explains how flexibility which often...can be expressed in terms of fuzzy time-window
l Section 3 discusses the aspects of fuzzy set theory that are used in the...l Section 3 describes the system itself in a general way, including the..and also discusses how to evaluate system performance.l Section 3 describes a new measure of xx.l Section 3 demonstrates the use of fuzzy possibility theory in the analysis of xx.l Section 3 is a fine description of fuzzy formulation of human decision.l Section 3, is developed to the modeling and processing of fuzzy decision rules
l The main idea of the FLC is described in Section 3 while Section 4 describes the xx strategies.l Section 3 and 4 show experimental studies for verifying the proposed model.l Section 4 discusses a previous fuzzy set-based approach to cost variance investigation.l Section 4 gives a specific example of xxx.l Section 4 is the experimental study to make a fuzzy model of memory process.l Section 4 contains a discussion of the implication of the results of Section 2 and 3.l Section 4 applies this fuzzy measure to the analysis of xx and illustrate its use on experimental data.l Section 5 presents the primary results of the paper: a fuzzy set model..l Section 5 contains some conclusions plus some ideas for further work.l Section 6 illustrate the model with an example.l Various ways of fuzzification and the reasons for their choice are discussed very briefly in Section 2.l In Section 2 are presented the block diagram expression of a whole model of human DM system
l In Section 2 we shall list a collection of basic assumptions which a...scheme must satisfy.l In Section 2 of this paper, we present representation and uniqueness theorems for the fundamental measurement of fuzziness when the domain of discourse is order-dense.l In Section 3, we describe the preliminary results of an empirical study
currently in progress to verify the measurement model and to construct membership functions.l In Section 5 is analyzed the inference process through the two kinds of inference experiments...This Section
l In this section, the characteristics and environment under which MRP isdesigned are described.l We will provide in this section basic terminologies and notations whichare necessary for the understanding of subsequent results.Next Section
l The next section describes the mathematics that goes into the computer
implementation of such fuzzy logic statements.l However, it is cumbersome for this purpose and in practical applications the formulae were rearranged and simplified as discussed in the next section.l The three components will be described in the next two section, and an example of xx analysis of a computer information system will then illustrate their use.l We can interpret the results of Experiments I and II as in the following sections.l The next section summarizes the method in a from that is useful for arguments based on xx
Summary
l This paper concludes with a discussion of future research consideration in section 5.l Section 5 summarizes the results of this investigation.l Section 5 gives the conclusions and future directions of research.l Section 7 provides a summary and a discussion of some extensions of the paper.l Finally, conclusions and future work are summarized
l The basic questions posed above are then discussed and conclusions are drawn.l Section 7 is the conclusion of the paper.Chapter 0.Abstract
l A basic problem in the design of xx is presented by the choice of a xx rate for the measurement of experimental variables.l This paper examines a new measure of xx in xx based on fuzzy mathematics which overcomes the difficulties found in other xx measures.l This paper describes a system for the analysis of the xx.l The method involves the construction of xx from fuzzy relations.l The procedure is useful in analyzing how groups reach a decision.l The technique used is to employ a newly developed and versatile xx algorithms.l The usefulness of xx is also considered.l A brief methodology used in xx is discussed.l The analysis is useful in xx and xx problem.l A model is developed for a xx analysis using fuzzy matrices.l Algorithms to combine these estimates and produce a xx are presented and justified.l The use of the method is discussed and an example is given.l Results of an experimental applications of this xx analysis procedure are given to illustrate the proposed technique.l This paper analyses problems in
l This paper outlines the functions carried out by...l This paper includes an illustration of the...l This paper provides an overview and information useful for approaching
l Emphasis is placed on the construction of a criterion function by which the xx in achieving a hierarchical system of objectives are evaluated.l The main emphasis is placed on the problem of xx
l Our proposed model is verified through experimental study.l The experimental results reveal interesting examples of fuzzy phases of : xx,xx l The compatibility of a project in terms of cost, and xx are likewise represented by linguistic variables.l A didactic example is included to illustrate the computational procedure
Chapter 1.Introduction
Time
l Over the course of the past 30 years,..has emerged form intuitive
l Technological revolutions have recently hit the industrial world
l The advent of...systems for has had a significant impact on the
l The development of...is explored
l During the past decade, the theory of fuzzy sets has developed in a variety of directions,l The concept of xx was investigated quite intensively in recent years
l There has been a turning point in...methodology in accordance with the advent of...l A major concern in...today is to continue to improve...l A xx is a latecomer in the part representation arena.l At the time of this writing, there is still no standard way of xx
l Although a lot of effort is being spent on improving these weaknesses, the efficient and effective method has yet to be developed.l The pioneer work can be traced to xx [1965].l To date, none of the methods developed is perfect and all are far from ready to be used in commercial systems.Objective / Goal / Purpose
l The purpose of the inference engine can be outlined as follows:
l The ultimate goal of the xx system is to allow the non-experts to utilize the existing knowledge in the area of manual handling of loads, and to provide intelligent, computer-aided instruction for xxx.l The paper concerns the development of a xx
l The scope of this research lies in
l The main theme of the paper is the application of rule-based decision making.l These objectives are to be met with such thoroughness and confidence as to permit...l The objectives of the...operations study are as follows:
l The primary purpose/consideration/objective of
l The ultimate goal of this concept is to provide
l The main objective of such a...system is to
l The aim of this paper is to provide methods to construct such probability distribution.l In order to achieve these objectives, an xx must meet the following requirements: l In order to take advantage of their similarity
l more research is still required before final goal of...can be completed
l In this trial, the objective is to generate...l for the sake of concentrating on...research issues
l A major goal of this report is to extend the utilization of a recently developed procedure for the xx.l For an illustrative purpose, four well-known OR problems are studied in presence of fuzzy data: xx.l A major thrust of the paper is to discuss approaches and strategies for
structuring..methods
l This illustration points out the need to specify
l The ultimate goal is both descriptive and prescriptive.l Chapter 2.Literature Review
l A wealth of information is to be found in the statistics literature, for example, regarding xx
l A considerable amount of research has been done..during the last decade
l A great number of studies report on the treatment of uncertainties associated with xx.l There is considerable amount of literature on planning
l However, these studies do not provide much attention to undertainty in xx.l Since then, the subject has been extensively explored and it is still under investigation as well in methodological aspects as in concrete applications.l Many research studies have been carried out on this topic.l Problem of xx draw recently more and more attention of system analysis.l Attempts to resolve this dilemma have resulted in the development of
l Many complex processes unfortunately, do not yield to this design procedure and have, therefore, not yet been automated.l Most of the methods developed so far are deterministic and /or probabilistic in nature.l The central issue in all these studies is to
l The problem of xx has been studied by other investigators, however, these studies have been based upon classical statistical approaches.l Applied...techniques to
l Characterized the...system as
l Developed an algorithm to
l Developed a system called...which
l Uses an iterative algorithm to deduce
l Emphasized the need to
l Identifies six key issues surrounding high technology
l A comprehensive study of the..has been undertaken
l Much work has been reported recently in these filed
l Proposed
l Presented
l State that
l Point out that the problem of
l Described
l Illustrated
l Indicated
l Has shown / showed
l Address
l Highlights
l A study on...was done / developed by []
l Previous work, such as [] and [], deal only with
l The approach taken by [] is
l The system developed by [] consists
l A paper relevant to this research was published by []
l []'s model requires consideration of..l []' model draws attention to evolution in human development
l []'s model focuses on...l Little research has been conducted in applying...to
l The published information that is relevant to this research...l This study further shows that
l Their work is based on the principle of
l More history of...can be found in xx et al.[1979].l Studies have been completed to established
l The...studies indicated that
l Though application of xx in the filed of xx has proliferated in recent years, effort in analyzing xx, especially xx, is lacking.Problem / Issue / Question
l Unfortunately, real-world engineering problems such as manufacturing planning do not fit well with this narrowly defined model.They tend to span broad activities and require consideration of multiple aspects.l Remedy / solve / alleviate these problems
l...is a difficult problem, yet to be adequately resolved
l Two major problems have yet to be addressed
l An unanswered question
l This problem in essence involves using x to obtain a solution.l An additional research issue to be tackled is....l Some important issues in developing a...system are discussed
l The three prime issues can be summarized:
l The situation leads to the problem of how to determine the...l There have been many attempts to
l It is expected to be serious barrier to
l It offers a simple solution in a limited domain for a complex problem.l There are several ways to get around this problem.l As difficult as it seems to be, xx is by no means new.l The problem is to recognize xx from a design representation.l A xx problem can trace its roots to xx.l xx [1987] used a heuristic approach to simplify the complexity of the problem.
第二篇：英语好句型
1、Nowadays，it is generally/commonly believed that..., but I wonder that...2、“如同硬币的正反面，...也有积极的一面和消极的一面。”
Like a coin has two sides, there is a positive aspect and a negative aspect to...3、“近来，...的问题已经成为人们注目的焦点。”
Currently, the issue of...has been brought to public attention.4、“随着...的快速增长，...在日常生活中已经变得越来越重要。”
Along with the rapid growth of...,...has become increasingly important in our daily life.5、“由汽车引起的空气和噪音污染对我们的健康造成了危害。”
Air pollution and noise pollution caused by automobiles do harm to our health.第二种考研写作功能句型：文章结尾句型
1、“因此，不难得出结论...”
Accordingly/Consequently/As a result,it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that...2、“综上所述，我们能得出如下结论...”
From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that...3、“这一难题，是任何人都不可能避免的。但只要处理得当，我们就会...”
The dilemma is something no one can avoid.Properly handled, however, we will...4、“总之，全社会都应该密切关注...,只有这样我们才能...”
All in all, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of....Only in this way can we....5、“考虑到所有的因素，我们意识到...”
Taking into account all of these factors, we have reached the realization that...There is no denying that + S + V...（不可否认的...）
例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下
It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~（全世界都知道...）
例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
So + 形容词 + be ++ that + 句子（如此...以致于...）
例句：So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它
Adj + as + Subject（主词）+ be, S + V~~~（虽然...）
例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.{by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}
虽然我们的国家富有，我们绝对令人不满意。
On no account can we+ V ~~~（我们绝对不能...）
例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。
generally speaking 一般地说currently近来furthermore此外
第三篇：常用英语句型
英语句型
★It goes without saying that(不用说）
★It is needless to say that（不用说）
★It is obvious that(很显然)
★It is impossible to +v(什么是不可能的)
★I am greatly convinced that(我深信)
★Among various kinds of(在各种…之中)
★It can be easily proved that(…是很容易证明的)
eg：It can be easily proved that nothing is more precious than time(时间是最珍贵的很容易证明)
★where there is a will, there is a way(有志者事竟成)
★In my opinion=As far as I am concerned(依我看来)
★Everyone knows that(每个人都知道)
★As far as my knowledge is concerned(就我所知)
★According to/Based on my personal experience(根据我个人经验)
★Ofall the people I know, perhaps none deserves my respect more than…（在我认识的人当中，也许没有一个比…更值得我尊敬）
★In thecourse of my schooling, I will never forget…（在我的求学过程中，我忘不了）
★with the
increase/growth of the population,(随着人口的增加)
★with the advance of science and technology.(随着科技的进步)
★In the age of information and communication, …plays an important role（在这信息时代，…扮演重要的角色）
★Nnthing in the world can delight me so much as…（世界上没有什么比…更令我高兴）
★It is necessary/important/essential/proper/urgent that S.(should)V(是必要的/重要的/适当的/紧急的)
★whenever I hear…,I can not but fell excited.（每当我听到…，我就忍不住感到兴奋）
★whenever I do…,I can not fell sad.（每当我做…，我就忍不住感到悲伤）
★whenever I think of…,I can not but fell nervous.（每当我想到…，我就忍不住感到紧张）
★whenever I meet with…,I can not but fell frightened.（每当我遭遇…，我就忍不住感到害怕）
★whenever I see…,I can not but fell surprised.（每当我看见…，我就忍不住感到惊讶）
★It is said /thought/reported/expected/believed that(据说/一般认为/据报道/一般预料/一般相信)
★The main reason why … is that（…的主要原因是…）
★Well goes an old saying=As an old saying goes=an old saying goes(俗话说的好)
★That is to say=that is=Namely(那就是说)
★We have reasons to believe that(我们有理由相信)
★As a matter of fact=in fact(事实上)
★For example=For instance(例如)
★Take … for example（以…为例）
★Besides(in addition),we should not neglect…（此外，我们不应该忽视）★On the contrary=by contrast(相反的)
★On the other hand(另一方面)
★However,It is a pity that(然而，很可惜的是)
★In other words=To put it differently(换言之)
★It will be true as assumed by others,but I don't believe it.I believe that…（别人可能认为这是事实，但我不这么认为，我认为）
★Ever since then,I have found that…（从此之后，我就发现）
★In this light,if…,there can surely be no doubt that（这样说来，假如…，当然毫无疑问的）
★what is more serious is that(更严重的是)
★In view of the practical need of society(鉴于社会实际需要)
第四篇：会展英语句型
会展英语常用句型 Useful Drills
一、展位预订基本应对
1.I’d like to sign up.我想报名。
2.I may register you on the phone.我可以帮您在电话里注册。
3.I would suggest you make a reservation with your credit card now, otherwise we can’t guarantee your booth.我建议您现在就用信用卡预订，否则我们无法保证您的摊位。4.Let me confirm your reservation.我再确认一下您的预订。
5.I need you to answer some questions to make the reservation.为了帮您预订，我需要您回答我几个问题。
6.May I know your name/phone number/email/company name? 请问您的姓名/电话号码/电子邮箱/公司名称？
7.Your booth number is… 您的展位号码是… 8.Thank you for calling us.感谢您的来电。
9.We’ll send you a letter of confirmation by email/by fax within 5 working days.我们在5个工作日内会给您电邮/传真一份预订确认书。
二、询问客人对展位的偏好
1.Which one would you like? 您喜欢哪一种摊位？ 2.Let me check it for you.我帮您查一查。
3.Do you have any corner booth? 你们有角落摊位吗？
4.Do you have any raw space in the center? 你们有（展区）中心的光地吗？ 5.Do you have any end-cap booth? 你们有三面开口的摊位吗？ 6.An in-line booth will be fine.我要一个道边摊位就行了。7.May I know the location? 我能不能知道（摊位的）位置？
8.We’ll send you a layout of the exhibition hall, and mark the available booth on it.我们可以给您发一份展厅的布局图，并且把可预订的摊位标出来。
三、当客人想要的展位预定已满
1.I’m afraid all…booths have been booked up.Will…be alright? 恐怕所有的…摊位都已经被订满了。…的摊位怎么样？
2.I’m afraid we’re fully booked.恐怕我们已经预订满了。
3.We still have some…booths available.我们还有一些…摊位。
四、取消展位
1.Cancellation will only be accepted in writing before the stipulated deadline.取消展位必须于截至日期前以书面形式提出。
2.All cancelled orders will be subject to a 30% cancellation charge.所取消的申请需缴付30%作取消手续费用。
3.A written notification by the exhibitor is demanded for cancellation of exhibition space.参展企业若取消参展或削减展出面积，应以出面形式通知（主办单位）。
4.Only cancellation and refund requests made in writing will be accepted.取消参展与申请退款必须以书面形式提出。
5.All refunds will be processed after the event/exhibition.所有退款需在本次活动/展览结束之后方能办理。
五、付款事项
1.How would you like to make payment? 您打算如何付款。2.I’d like to pay by credit card/check.我想用信用卡/支票付款。3.I’d like to transfer the money to your account.我想转账到你们的账户上。
4.Please send me a fax about your bank, account name and account number.请你们的开户行、账户名称和账号传真给我。
5.Which credit card would you like to use? 您想用哪种信用卡？ 6.Do you accept Great Wall Card? 你们接受长城卡吗？
7.We need a deposit of RMB 38,000.00.我们需要38000元人民币的订金。
8.Please pay the deposit within 15 days after submitting the contract.预定金请于递交参展合同后15日内付清。
9.The balance should be paid not later than Sept.1st, 2010.余款须于2010年9月1日前付清。
六、确认会场的需求信息
1.Do you have one convention room for 20 persons? 我想订一间可以容纳20个人的会议室，行吗？
2.What size of conference room do you have in mind? 您想要订多大的会议室？ 3.Just a minute, I’ll check the reservation record.请稍候，我查一下预订记录。
4.Which seating style would you prefer? 您想如何安排座位？/您的会议室要哪种布置格局？ 5.For classroom style, its capacity can be 200 persons.如果是课堂式格局，它可以容纳100人。6.For cocktail reception style, it can only hold 100 persons.如果是鸡尾酒会的格局，它只能容纳100人。
7.It is equipped with wireless broadband/cable microphones/LCD projector/laptop connection/rostrum/… 它装备有无线宽带/有线麦克风/液晶投影机/手提接入/演讲台/…
8.If you need more audiovisual equipment, you may order from our event’s audiovisual vendor.如果您还需要其他的视听设备，可以从我们的活动视频服务商那里预订。
七、无法接受预订
1.I’m afraid we have no suitable convention rooms available.我们恐怕没有适合您的会议室了。
2.I’m sorry, but we are all fully booked for those days as it is the peak season.很抱歉，因为是旺季，那段时间的会议室都被订光了。
3.This is the busiest season.I’m very sorry, but could you call us again later this week? We may have some cancellations.现在是旺季，非常抱歉，不过能不能请您这个周末再打电话过来呢？可能会有人取消预订。
4.We hope we’ll have another opportunity of serving you.我们期待下次能为您效劳。
八、发出邀请
1.We have the pleasure to invite you to the 2nd…Convention, which will be held on May 2010 in Guangzhou by A Company.很荣幸邀请您参加由A公司于2010年5月在广州主办的第二届…会议。
2.Seats are limited.席位有限。
九、签到注册
1.Here is your delegate badge/meal voucher/cocktail ticket/convention bag… 这是您的胸章/餐劵/鸡尾酒会的票/会议袋…
2.When you leave the hotel after the conference, please give your room key to Ms.Li Ping in Room 315.会议结束后，请您在离开酒店前将房卡交给315房的李萍女士。
3.The delegate card is required for all our activities.所有活动都要求佩戴会议代表证才可以参加。
十、正式会议或活动的问号及介绍 1.I’d like to welcome everyone and thank you for coming.Our master of ceremonies for today is … 欢迎大家，感谢大家光临。今晚的主持是…
2.Good Evening and welcome to the …Banquet/Conference/Evening Party… 晚上好！欢迎大家光临…宴会/会议/晚会…
3.It is a distinct honor and pleasure to be your mistress/master of ceremonies for this prestigious event.我为担任这次盛典的主持而深感荣幸。
4.…thank you so much for taking time out of your schedule to join us tonight.…感谢您今晚在百忙之中抽空来参加我们的活动。
十一、宣布会议或活动开始
1.It is a great pleasure for me to declare the opening of the conference/evening party/contest… 我很荣幸宣布会议/晚会/竞赛…开始。2.So let’s get the party started!好，让我们开始晚会吧！
十二、提醒听众
1.Ladies and Gentlemen, the convention will begin shortly.女士们、先生们，会议马上就要开始了。
2.Please find your seats and turn off or mute all cell phones for the duration of the evening.请大家找到自己的座位坐好，并将手机关闭或设置为静音状态。
十三、介绍这次活动的主办方和贵宾
1.Ladies and Gentlemen, please join me in welcoming our distinguished guests for this evening.女士们、先生们，让我们欢迎今晚的嘉宾。
2.We are also honored to have many distinguished guests with us tonight.Please stand and be recognized when I read your name.我们今晚还有很多嘉宾到场。我念到名字的嘉宾请起立亮相。
十四、宣布活动结束
1.I now formally declare the conference/evening party/contest…closed.现在我正式宣布此次会议/晚会/竞赛…结束。
2.Thank you all for coming, and we look forward to seeing you next year.感谢大家的光临，我们期待明年再与大家见面。
第五篇：英语句型总结
英语句型总结
1.prefer sth to sth 相对……更喜欢…… eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化学中，我更喜欢物理
2.prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做…不愿意去做… eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving 他更喜欢骑自行车，不开小车
3.prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做…也不愿
eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one 我叔叔更喜欢买新的车，也不去修旧车
prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意… eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜欢她不来
4.pretend to do sth 装着去做什么 pretend that 从句
eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard 这两个骗子装着努力工作
He pretended that he did not know the answer 他装着不知道答案
5.rather…than 宁可……也不……
eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿肯当医生，也不当老师
He likes dogs rather than cats 他喜欢狗，不喜欢猫
6.regard…as 把……当作……
eg: Please give my best regards to your family 请带我向你的家人我最好的问候
I regard you as my friend 我把你当作我的朋友
He shows little regard for others 他不爱关心别人
7.remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事 remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
eg : he remids me about cooking(he remids me to cook 他提醒我做饭
8.remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么
eg : the pictures remind me of my school days 这照片使我想起了我的学校
the words that(which)the teacher talke to remind me of my mother9 return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人say to oneself 对自己说
say to sb 对某人说
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