英语国家概况复习题及参考答案

第一篇：英语国家概况复习题及参考答案

《英语国家概况》复习题及参考答案

一 Multiple choice(30’)

()1As a result of the Black Death, much land was left untended and there was a terrible shortage of ___ in England.AgrainBfarm toolsChousesDlabor

()2In the late 17th century, two of most famous literary works were Pilgrim’s Progress and _________.Athe Jew of MaltaBthe School of Archery

CNovum OrganumDParadise Lost

()3.In 1836, a group of skilled workers and _____ formed the London Working Men’s Association.AhouseholdersBtenantsCsmall shopkeepersDoffice workers

()4.In the Industrial Revolution, changes occurred earliest and quickest in the industry of ______.A.potteryBhardwareCtextilesDchemicals

()5.In Britain police officers are not allowed to join ________ or to go on strike.Aa choirBa political partyCa trade unionDa club

()6The Great Carter of 1215 is also known as _________.APeople’s CharterB Magna Carta

CKing’s CharterDthe Declaration of human rights

()7Henry Ⅱ was the first king of the ________ dynasty.AMalcolmB PlantagenetCWindsorDTudor

()8.__________ is the most typically English of sports

ACricketBGolfCTennisDHorse-racing

()9.By the Treaty of ______ of 1842, China ceded _______ to Britain.ANanjing, Hong KongBTianjing, Hong Kong

CNanjing, MacauDTianjing, Macau

()10.In _______, the name Great Britain came into being.A1689B1702C1701D1707

()11.The serious economic crisis in the late 1920s and the beginning of 1930s was first brought about by ___.Athe farm failureBthe bank failures

C the stock market crashDthe high unemployment

()12． What are the problems that the U.S.economy has faced from time to time?

AInflationB DepressionsCRecessionsDall of the above

()13．The real American literature began________.Aafter the war of IndependenceBafter the Westward Movement

Cafter the Civil WarDafter the Civil Rights Movement

()14.In 1900, the United States ranked first in the production of ____.AcoalBelectricityC oilDwheat

()15.In the United States, if the parents don’t send their children to school at certain age, ________.Athe state government will be responsible for it

Bthey will educate the children themselves

Cthey can save a lot of moneyDthey are breaking the law

()16.The U.S.and China established their diplomatic relations in _____.A1974B1972C1978D1979

()17In his inaugural speech, ______ said that “the only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”

AWoodrow WilsonBTheodore Roosevelt

CFranklin D.RooseveltDGeorge Washington

()18.One of the characteristics of the American people is _______ and it is said they are always ______.Aliberty, debatingBaggressiveness, starting wars

Cmobility, on the moveDgreediness, making money

()19.Hemingway’s most famous masterpiece was ______.AThe Sun Also RisesBA Farewell to Arms

CFor Whom the Bell TollsDOld Man and the Sea

()20.The system of higher education in the U.S.has three principle functions except ____-.AteachingBresearchCpublic serviceD individual service

following statements are T(true)or F(false)according to what you have learned.(10’)

()1 There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: Scotland, Wales and England.()2 Under William’s rule, the freeman were at the bottom of the feudal system.()3 The English Civil War is also called the Glorious Revolution.()4 In U.K, a Parliament has a maximum duration of 4 years.()5 Christmas Day, December 25th, celebrates the birth of Christ, and is the greatest of Christian festivals.()6 Chicago is known as the automobile capital of the world.()7 Between 1850 and1880, many early Chinese immigrants to the United States worked in the mining industry, especially in the gold mines.()8 The Pilgrims built a colony named Plymouth after they arrived in America.()9.The longest war that the United States has fought is the Civil War.()10.Higher education in the U.S consists of six types of institutions.三Fill in the following blanks:(10’)In 1066, England was conquered by the _____________ who were led by William the Conqueror.2 The greatest writer in the English language is ____________________.In criminal trials in Britain, the issue of guilt or innocence is to be decided by the ________ while sentence is to be passed by the _______________.The dominant broadcasting corporation in Britain is ____________, which is controlled by the state.The most famous leader of the American Civil Rights movement in the 1960s was ______________________.The U.S.system of government has two layers of rule.They are the ___________ government and the ______ government.7.The National Day of the United States is ______.Between 1946 and 1961, more than 63 million babies were born in the United States, who were known as the ______________ generation.四 Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.(30’)What is the official name of Britain?What were the main causes of the Hundred Years’ War?What are the primary sources of British law?How was the 1920s in the United States described by many historians?What is the meaning of the “Lost Generation”?

6.What were the two guiding principles underlying America diplomatic activities in World War Two?

7.What are the three periods as far as the evolution the British economy since the Second World War is concerned?

8.What kind of economic system does the United States have?

9.Why is education very important to Americans?

10.What does the British Parliament consist of?

五 Explain each of the following terms in English.(10’)Thanksgiving Daythe Civil Rights Act of 1964

六 Write between 100-120 words on EITHER of the following topics.(10’)

1.What is Thatcherism and what are the major components of Thatcherism?

2.In what sense was the War of 1812 important to the development of the United States?

参考答案

一 1 DDCCC6 BBAAD 11 CDAAD 16 DCCDD

二 1 TFFFT6 FTTFT

三 1 Norman2 Shakespeare3 juryjudge4 BBC5 Martin Luther KingFederalState74, July8 baby boom

四The official name of Britain is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Nortain Ireland.Tthe main causes of the Hundred Years’ War were partly territorial and partly economic.The primary sources of British law are:(1)Statutes of Parliament;(2)common law;(3)equity law;(4)European Community law.The 1920s in the United States has been described by many historians as a period of material success and spiritual frustration or confusion and purposelessness.The “Lost Generation refers to those who are both physically and spiritually impotent.The first was to win the war;the second was to establish a postwar political structure in accord with American interests and to prevent the Soviet Union from over-expansion.(1)Steady development in the 50s and 60s;

(2)Economic recession in the 70s;

(3)Economic recovery in the 80s.The United state has a free-market economy with a dominant private sector.9.Because it contributes to developing the national strength and personal success.The British Parliament consists of the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.五Thanksgiving Day is a typical American holiday.It is an annual day of thanks for the blessings people have enjoyed during the year.The theme of thanksgiving has been peace and plenty, health and happiness.The Civil Rights Act of 1964It was signed into law by President Jonson in 1964.It outlawed discrimination not only in public housing, but also in employment on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.六

1：The election of 1979 returned the Conservative Party to power and Margaret Thatcher became the first woman prime minister in Britain.Her policies are popularly referred to as Thatcherism.It included:

(1)the return to private ownership of state-owned industries;

(2)the use of monetarist polices to control inflation;

(3)the weakening of trade union;

(4)the strengthening of the role market forces in the economy;

(5)an emphasis on law and order.The war, however, had great impact on the development of the United States.（1）The war made people realize the importance of a strong national government.（2）The war strengthened the feeling of national unity and patriotism.（3）For almost 10 years after the war, the Americans turned their attention to the development of the western part of the continent.（4）It made both Britain and Unites States realize that their disputes should be solve through negotiation..Please write any three of the 13 colonies the British established along the east coast of North America between 1607 and 1733.

第二篇：英语国家概况上下册答案

英概：

UK：U1（I）5 不确定（II）3 不确定

U2,3,5,6,7，8没问题

U4（I）8 不确定 U9（I）10，（II）1 有问题

U10（Ｉ）５ 不确定

１０.题改为Ｆ USA：Ｕ５,７,８，１３

Ｕ３（ＩＩ）６.选Ｃ

Ｕ４（Ｉ）８ 有问题

Ｕ６（Ｉ）６ 不确定

Ｕ９（Ｉ）６,７不确定

Ｕ１０（Ｉ）第８题 改为F 但还不确定

Ｕ１１（Ｉ）３,１０,１２ 不确定

Ｕ１２（ＩＩ）８题选B

Ｕ１４（Ｉ）第三题改为Ｆ

Ｕ１５（ＩＩ）１０选Ｂ

Ｕ１６（Ｉ）１０题改为F； 14题改为F（ＩＩ）第9题选C

第三篇：德语国家文化概况复习题

判断正误

1.“四七社”的精神领袖是格拉斯。2.《法学总论》、《法学汇编》和《新敕令》三部法典与《查士丁尼法典》合称《罗马法》。

3.1054 年,东部教会宣布脱离罗马教廷,史称“东西教会大分裂”。4.17 世纪,巴洛克文化席卷欧洲,文学艺术中产生了古典主义。

5.17世纪艺术家们把古典文化奉为圭臬，希腊、罗马的造型艺术、诗学、戏剧成为艺术创作的范本, 其影响之深,乃至引起了著名的 “古今之争”。

6.1848年的民族统一运动直接威胁到德意志各邦国统治者的利益,遭到他们联手镇压。奥地利首相梅特涅在各邦君主的支持下,通过了“ 卡尔斯巴德决议”,以扑灭大学生运动,限制民众的政治活动。

7.1918年11 月7 日,慕尼黑爆发革命,革命蔓延到柏林,威廉一世众叛亲离,不得不仓惶出逃荷兰,在欧洲历史上叱咤风云两个多世纪的霍亨佐伦王朝宣告覆灭。8.1919 年6 月28 日,德国代表团经过长时间的谈判,终于在巴黎郊外签署著名的《凡尔赛条约》。

9.1939 年二战爆发前夕,希特勒提出:一旦发生战争,就要彻底消灭欧洲的犹太人,即所谓“最终解决”。

10.1945 年以后,就有一大批相当出色的瑞士和奥地利德语作家在德语文学界占据了重要地位,例如瑞士作家马克斯·弗里施和弗里德利希·迪伦马特和奥地利作家托马斯·贝恩哈特、著名的奥地利女诗人英格博格·巴赫曼，以及当代最惹人争议的奥地利作家彼得·汉特克等。

11.1949 年,布莱希特形象地提出了“砍光伐尽”的文学主张。12.1970 年12 月7 日,联邦德国总理威利·勃兰特在华沙向华沙无名烈士们和华沙隔都死难者纪念碑献花圈时,突然跪倒在地,代表德意志民族和国家向华沙死难者认罪。

13.1989 年12 月,在莱比锡传统的星期一游行中,“我们是一个民族”的口号取代了“我们才是人民”。

14.1990 年12 月,分裂多年的德国终于实现了统一。

15.1996 年春,人称“统一总理”的科尔大胆提出“ 一揽子节约措施”以节约开支,增加就业机会。

16.存在主义的主要著作是海德格尔的《存在与虚无》。17.存在主义哲学是马丁·海德格尔和卡尔·雅斯贝斯在两次大战之间创立的，后来在法国得到了进一步的发展,其思想渊源可追溯到19 世纪和20 世纪初欧洲的反理性主义思潮。

18.丹麦哲学家克尔恺郭尔和德国哲学家叔本华是存在主义的主要思想先驱。19.当

日耳曼人固有的文化。

22.德国早期启蒙运动的哲学代表是黑格尔，他堪称名副其实的“ 通才”。

23.德语在公元8 世纪发生了

45.进入创作成熟期的诗人歌德、席勒重新皈依古典传统。

46.就其特点而言，希腊文化更关注文化、艺术、哲学、宗教等精神领域里的活动，并在这些领域里取得了足以影响整个西方世界的辉煌成就，现代西方世界的哲学、艺术、诗学都是从这里汲取灵感和养料。

47.卡尔四世于1347～1378 年间就任德国皇帝，在海德堡建立了德国历史上

式”，即史诗、戏剧和诗歌。

69.在政治和法律领域，希腊人首创了“法律下之自由”的概念，并且在当时的社会做了实验。

概念解释：

“九十五条论纲” “四D”计划 “帝国理念” 《西方的衰落》 1914年理念 水晶之夜

包豪斯 柏林墙 狂飙突进 荷马史诗 国会纵火案 四D计划 启蒙运动 中世纪行会制度 十字军东征 大德意志方案与小德意志方案

第四篇：英语国家概况课后题总结和答案

Chapter 1 land and people

1.what are the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain,England,the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth?

The British Isles,Greant Britina and England are geographical names, no the official names of the country,while the official name is the United Kingdom,but the full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.The British Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britian.2.Describe the geographical position of Britian?

Britain is an island country.It lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe.It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English channel in the south and the North Sea in the east.3.Whereabouts in Great Britain are mostly highland and lowland?

The north and west of Britain are mainly highland, while the south and south-east are mostly lowlands.4.Does Britain have a favourable climate? why?

Yes,it has a favourable climate, because it has a maritime type of climate---winters are mild,not too cold and summers are cool, not too hot.It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year.It has a small range of temperature,too.5.what are the factors which influence the climate in Britain? Which part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest? The factors which influence the climate in Britain are the following three:1)The surrounding waters balance the seasonal differences;2)the prevailing south-west winds bring warm and wet air in winter and keep the temperatures moderate;3)the North Atlantic Drift,a warm current,passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them.The northwestern part has the most rainfall,while the south-eastern corner is the driest.6.Describe the distribution of Britain’s population.Britain has a population of 57 million.It is densely populated, with an average of 237people per square kilometre.It is also very unevenly distributed , with 90%of the population in urban areas,10% in rural areas.Geographically, most British people live in England.Of the total of 57 million people, 47 million live in England, 14 million live in London and Southeastern England.7.What are the three natural zones in Scotland?

The three natural zones in Scotland are : the Highlands in the north, the central Lowlands ,and the southern Uplands.8.What is the difference between the ancestors of the English and Scots, Welsh and Irish?

The ancestors of the English are Anglo-Saxons,while the Scots,Welsh and rish are Celts.9.What are the differences in character and speech between southern England and northern England? How do the Welsh keep their language and culture alive? The Welsh are emotional and cheerful people.The Scots are hospitable ,generous and friendly.Irish are known for their charm and vivacity as well as for the beauty of their Irish girls.Throughout the year they have festivals of song and dance and poetry called Eisteddfodau.On these occasions competitions are held in Welsh poetry,music,singing and art and in this way they keep the Welsh language and Welsh culture alive.10.What is the main problem in Northern Ireland?

Hundreds of years ago Scots and English Protestants were sent to live in Northern Ireland.Since then there has been bitter fighting between the Protestants and the Roman Catholics.The former are the dominant group,while the latter are seeking more social,plitical and economic apportunities.The british Government and the government of Ireland are now working together to bring peace to Northern Ireland.

第五篇：英语国家概况选择题

Chapter1 1.The two main islands of the British Isles are A.不列颠群岛的两个主要岛屿是

A.Great Britain and Ireland C.Great Britain and Wales

B.Great Britain and Scotland

D.Great Britain and England 2.B is the capital city of Scotland.是苏格兰的首府

A.Belfast

B.Edinburgh C.Aberdeen D.Cardiff 3.Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, D is the smallest.在英国的四个部分中，是最小的

A.England Ireland B.Scotland

C.Wales

D.Northern 4.English belongs to the C group of Indo-European family of languages.英语属于印欧语系语系

A.Celtic

B.Indo-Iranian C.Germanic D.Roman 5.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of D words to English.基督教传入英国，增加了英语的第一个元素。

A.Danish and Finnish C.French and Italian

B.Dutch and German D.Latin and Greek 6.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the A influence.中间英语的演变因影响而增强 A.Norman

B.Dutch

C.German

D.Danish 7.Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of C.塞缪尔约翰逊的字典对建立标准形式有很大影响

A.grammar

B.handwriting C.spelling

D.pronunciation 8.At present, nearly C of the world’s population communicate in English.世界上几乎人都用英语交流。

A.half

B.a quarter

C.one third

D.one fifth Chapter2 9.The D attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.对罗马的进攻在410年结束了罗马在英国的占领

A.Norman

B.Danish

C.Celtic

D.Germanic 10.By the late 7th century, D became the dominant religion in England.到了7世纪晚期，成为英格兰的主流宗教

A.Celtic Christianity

B.Anglo-Saxon Christianity D.Roman Christianity C.Germanic Christianity

11.The C marked the establishment of feudalism in England.标志着英国封建制度的建立

A.Viking invasion

B.signing of the Magna Carta D.Adoption of common law C.Norman Conquest

12.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule ofC.玫瑰战争的结束导致了统治的结束

A.the House of Valois

B.the House of York C.the House of Tudor

D.the House of Lancaster 13.The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to A.宗教改革的直接原因是国王亨利八世的努力

A.divorce his wife

B.break with Rome C.support the Protestants church

D.declare his supreme power over the 14.The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between B.英国之间的内战于1642年爆发

A.Protestants and Puritans C.nobles and peasants

B.Royalists and Parliamentarians D.aristocrats and Christians 15.A was passed after the Glorious Revolution.在光荣革命之后颁布

A.Bill of Rights

B.Act of Supremacy

D.Magna Carta C.Provisions of Oxford 16.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the C century.工业革命是在英国在世纪中叶完成的。

A.17th

B.18th

C.19th

D.20th Chapter3 17.The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of the following branches with the exception of the C.英国政府的特点是，在除了以下的三个分支机构。

A.judiciary

B.legislature C.monarchy D.executive 18.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on D.英国君主制的重要性体现在它对的影响上

A.passing the bills C.political parties

B.advising the government

D.public attitude 19.As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to B the House of Commons.作为一个修订，上议院将会作为下议院的

A.rival

B.complement C.criticize D.inspect 20.Aisat the center of the British political system.英国政治体系的中心

A.The Cabinet

B.The House of Lords D.The privy Council

C.The house of Commons

21.The main duty of the British Privy Council is to B.英国秘密委员会的主要职责是

A.make decisions Cabinet B.give advice

C.pass bills D.supervise the 22.Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a B system.般来说，英国议会在系统上运行

A.single-party B.two-party

C.three-party D.multi-party 23.The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and D.保守党的政策以实用主义和为特征

A.government intervention C.social reform

B.nationalization of enterprises D.a belief in individualism 24.In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every C years.在英国，议会大选每隔年举行一次。A.three

B.four

C.five

D.six Chapter5 Null Chapter6 Null Chapter8 Null Chapter9 Null Chapter10 Null Chapter12 Null Chapter13 Null