哈佛大学校长名言录

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第一篇:哈佛大学校长名言录

《哈佛的起源与校长逸事》网址http://usa.bytravel.cn/art/hfd/hfdqyyxcys/

(一)约翰-哈佛

哈佛大学成立于1636年10月28日,但它最初的校名不叫哈佛。

1637年冬,有一位英国剑桥大学的毕业生移民到了新大陆。他时年29岁,刚结婚不久,尚没有孩子。他的名字叫约翰-哈佛(John Harvard),来自伦敦。他住在查理斯镇,与那所新成立的学院(当时尚没有正式的校名)的所在地剑桥镇中间隔着一条河,河的名字叫查理斯河。

约翰-哈佛当时的梦想是成为查理斯镇教堂的助理牧师。可惜他在1638年9月就因患肺病而逝世于查理斯镇。临死前,他立嘱将自己一半的财产(约值780英镑)和所有的图书(约400本)捐赠给河对面那所新成立的学院。这是该学院成立以来所接受的最大一笔捐款。为表示感谢,马萨诸塞州议会一致决议,将这所尚无正式名称的学院命名为哈佛学院。

哈佛所赠的780英镑捐款,在当时是一笔了不起的收入。用时下之术语来讲,校方用这笔钱开发了不少的“硬件”和“软件”。但哈佛所赠的400本书却毁于一场大火。只有一本书因一个学生前天晚上借书未还而免遭劫难。具有讽刺意味的是,当时的哈佛院长亨利-邓斯特(Henry Dunster)还是以“借书不得带出图书馆”这条校规开除了那位学生。

哈佛本人出生在英格兰,父亲是一个屠夫。他曾有过不少兄弟姐妹。可惜发生在1625年的一场瘟疫,夺去了他父亲和四个兄弟姐妹的性命。哈佛本人也是英年早逝,没有留下任何子女。

想当年,当约翰-哈佛凄凉地死在查理斯镇的小木屋时,他一定会为自己不能在新大陆实现自己的抱负而感到十分的悲哀,并为自己不能和太太育有一两个后代而感到无限的惋惜。望着查理斯河对面的那所新学校,哈佛或许会想:那将是我对这片新大陆的惟一贡献了,希望它能有所作为。

而令哈佛感到无限宽慰的是,查理斯河对面的那所学校不仅以自己的姓名来命名,而且最终成为全新大陆乃至全世界最出色的大学之一。

九泉之下,约翰-哈佛可以安息了。

(二)最有成就的退学生

不少人都知道,美国电脑大王比尔-盖茨是哈佛大学的退学生。但比尔-盖茨绝不是哈佛历史上第一个著名的退学生。在他之前,还有不少的哈佛先辈们因退学而成名。

例如,在1894年,有一位哈佛大学一年级的学生,因迫不及待要投入石油开采行业而从哈佛大学退学。他后来果然因石油开采而成为美国的巨富。他的名字叫霍华德-休斯(Howard Hughes)。

在1926至1927年和1929至1932年间,有一位学生在哈佛大学断断续续地读了三年的书。最后他禁不住各种科研工作的诱惑,还是自动中止了在哈佛大学的学业。他后来获得了500多项的专利,是继爱迪生之后美国最出名的发明家。他的名字叫波尼-莱特(Bonnie Raitt)。

在1966年,有一位来自佛罗里达州的哈佛二年级学生,因创立了美国历史上第一个乡村乐队“国际潜水艇乐队”而从哈佛大学退学。他后来成为当时一名著名歌手,他的名字叫格兰姆-帕森斯。

当然,在所有哈佛大学退学生中,比尔-盖茨的退学大概最具戏剧性。比尔-盖茨于1973年入哈佛读书。在此之前,盖茨被公认是数学天才,他也曾一度想成为一名数学家。但到了哈佛之后,盖茨很快发现,竟有人比他还有数学天分,这曾使他甚感沮丧。后来,他一门心

思钻研电脑,认定这是自己的生财之道。但当时,他并没有从哈佛退学的打算。盖茨最后下定决心从哈佛退学,得归功于他的老搭档艾伦。为了拉这位小兄弟回华盛顿州去创业,艾伦不惜放弃原来的工作,随盖茨来到哈佛,并就地找事做,以便劝说盖茨退学。

在艾伦三天两头的劝说下,盖茨终于动摇了读完哈佛大学的信念,在大三时退学。盖茨当初决定从哈佛退学,曾受到许多亲朋好友的劝阻,其中也包括他的一位室友。有趣的是,数年后,当这位室友在斯坦福大学商学院攻读MBA课程时,盖茨又来劝他退学去共创天下。他禁不住昔日室友的轮番劝告,最后真从斯坦福退了学,去出任盖茨那间20来人小公司的总经理。

他,就是当今微软公司大名鼎鼎的行政总裁史蒂夫-鲍尔默,说来他也是一个退学生。

(三)校徽

哈佛大学的办校方针是求是崇真。

哈佛大学的校训是“Amicus Plato,Amicus Aristotle,sed Magis Amicus VERITAS”。它是拉丁文,其英文为“Let Plato be your friend,and Aristotle,but more let your friend be Truth”,其中文翻译为“与柏拉图为友,与亚里士多德为友,更要与真理为友”。这句话原出自威廉姆斯-艾米思(Williams Ames)的一句名言。自哈佛建校以来,它就一直是哈佛学生所信奉的做学问和做人的准则。

哈佛大学的校徽是“Veritas”,它是拉丁文“真理”的意思。

哈佛校徽诞生于学院在1643年12月27日举行的一次会议。那天的会议记录中清楚地记载了其图案设计:它以三本书为背景(两上一下),在上面的两本书上分别印刻有“VE”和“RI”两组字母,而在下面的一本书上则印刻有“TAS”这组字母。三本书的背景则是一个盾牌图案。那次会议是由哈佛学院第二任院长邓斯特主持的。应该说,这个校徽设计是很有创意的。

可惜,有谁能料到,这个图案是在等足了200年之后才被启用的。

其原因是,邓斯特院长在主持了那次会议后,就随便将那次的会议记录丢置在一堆文件当中,一直无人问津。直至200年后,当时任哈佛院长的昆西(Josiah Quincy)在主持200年校庆过程中,无意中发现了这份重要的历史文件。他把这份失而复得的校徽图案作为本次校庆的一个重要项目来推介给师生,大家在欢呼之余,无不感慨万分。

它似乎在昭示着人们:真理是不会被遗忘的,纵使它一时半会儿可能被人们所忽略。

(四)校长逸事

1640年,哈佛学院的第一任院长伊顿牧师被迫辞职,原因是他的太太没有将收购来的牛肉做饭给学生吃,还有就是贪污了学生饮用的啤酒。这在当时是一桩巨大的丑闻。

1848年间,在艾佛雷特(E.Everett)任哈佛学院院长时,校方决定招收一位名叫威廉姆斯的黑人入学。这引起一些白人学生的强烈不满。他们到院长办公室提抗议,威胁说如果校方招收这位黑人学生,他们将会退学。对此,艾佛雷特院长静静地回答说:“如果这位黑人学生通过考试,他将会被录取。如果你们退学,则哈佛的收入将会被用作这个黑人学生的教育费用。”那位黑人后来成为哈佛校史上第一位入学的黑人学生。

1853-1860年间,詹姆士-沃尔克出任哈佛学院院长。这期间他为大学课程增添了音乐课。而有意思的是,沃尔克本人是个地地道道的聋子,什么都听不见。

1870年,在查理斯-艾略特出任哈佛大学校长时,他找到当时著名的史学家亨利-亚当斯,想聘请他出任中世纪历史的教授。对此,亨利-亚当斯谦虚地说:“校长先生,我真的一点儿都不懂中世纪的历史。”而艾略特校长则不客气地回答说:“如果你能够为我举荐出一位比你懂得更多的教授,那我就聘请他。”结果亚当斯接受了聘请。

1884年,一对名叫斯坦福的夫妇找到艾略特校长。他们来自加利福尼亚州,请教艾略特校长用多少钱可以建立一所大学(他们当时想在加州办一所大学,以悼念他们新近逝世的儿子)。艾略特校长在听完了他们的讲述后,一脸认真地说:“这起码需要500万美元(这大概相当于今天的50亿美元吧)”。听了这话,斯坦福太太的脸色顿时变得铁青。沉默良久之后,斯坦福先生开口说:“亲爱的,我想我们还是可以拿出这笔钱的。”

艾略特校长没有料到的是,这对夫妇用其姓名所建立的学校后来会与哈佛大学齐名。更难想象的是,那所学校一位名叫博克的毕业生后来竟会成为哈佛大学的校长,并且主政哈佛20年,其任期之长仅次于艾略特本人。

(五)最早的中国留学生

20世纪初,中国政府开始向哈佛大学选派留学生,哈佛与中国的缘分由此开始。首批留学哈佛的中国学生于1909年毕业,他们当中有罗邦辉、秦汾、金岱、李嘉同、马岱君和刘瑞恒等人。1909年至1922年,清华学校庚子赔款留美学生中,在哈佛大学求学的人有21位。1928年,哈佛--燕京学会在燕京大学成立,前往哈佛求学的中国留学生逐年增加。1945年二次世界大战结束时,哈佛大学的外国留学生中,以中国学生为最多。

早年负笈海外的中国留学生,胸怀大志,为开拓中国的现代科学技术和文化教育事业做的努力。他们包括:赵元任(1892-1982)语言学家、作曲家。1915年入哈佛攻数理哲学。1918年获哲学博士学位;陈寅恪(1890-1969)史学家、古文字学家。1918-1921年在哈佛大学研究古文字学和佛经,后入柏林大学梵文研究所研究东方古文字学;林语堂(1895-1976)作家、语言学家。1919年入哈佛大学留学,后获文学硕士学位;杨杏佛(1893-1933)我国现代科学倡导者。先在康乃尔大学攻读机械工程,后转哈佛大学读工商管理和经济学;竺可桢(1890-1974)科学家、教育家,中国现代地理学和气象学的奠基人。1913年入哈佛大学研究院地质系攻读气象学;李济(1896-1979)人类学家。1920年入哈佛研究人类考古学,1923年以学术论文《中华民族的形成》获博士学位,并由哈佛大学出版社出版;梁实秋(1902-1987)文学家、翻译家。1924年入哈佛大学研究院,受教于美国著名文学评论家白璧德;梁思成(1901-1972)建筑学家,梁启超的长子。1927年在美国宾夕法尼亚大学获得建筑学硕士后,入哈佛大学美术研究院进一步研习。

1936年,时值哈佛大学300年校庆,中国哈佛大学校友会给母校捐赠了一座大石碑,这是中国留学生在哈佛校园留下的一片集体足迹。

(六)校长名言录

“任何学生都不得在没有征得父母、监护人和个人导师的同意下买卖或交换超过6美分的物品。”这是哈佛大学第1任校长伊顿(Eaton)牧师的一句名言,它后来成为了一条校规。“祈祷,然后去学习。”这是哈佛大学第2任校长邓斯特(H-Dunster)时常挂在嘴边的一句话。

“人类过去和现在的努力已经排除了知识路途中的许多障碍,让我们继续努力去排除剩余的障碍。”这是哈佛大学第19任校长昆西(J-Quincy)对入学新生和毕业生的祝福。

“让我们齐心协力,把哈佛学院建设成美洲大陆最出色的大学。”这句话是哈佛大学第20任校长希尔(T-Hill)在美国南北战争(1861-1865)刚结束时提出的办学目标。

“人类的希望取决于那些知识先驱者的思维,他们所思考的事情可能超过一般人几年、几代人甚至几个世纪。”这是哈佛大学第21任校长艾略特(C-W-Eliot)对哈佛教授们的期望。“每个受过教育的人都应该对什么事物都懂一点,但对个别事物懂得很多。”这是哈佛大学第22任校长洛厄尔(A-L-Lowell)说过的一句大白话。

“大学的荣誉,不在它的校舍和人数,而在于它一代又一代人的质量。”这是哈佛大学

第23任校长科南特(J-B-Conant)对哈佛大学办学方针的总结。

“一个人是否具有创造力,是一流人才和三流人才的分水岭。”这是哈佛大学第24任校长普西(N-M-Pusey)对开发学生创造力意义的理解。

“学生一代接着一代,如同海水一浪接着一浪地冲击着陆地。有时是静静的,有时则带着狂风暴雨的怒吼。不论我们认为人的历史是单调的还是狂骤的,有两件事物总是新鲜的,这就是青春和对知识的追求,这也正是一所大学所关心的。我们学校的年纪已经可以用世纪来计算,但只要它热切地追求这两件事,它就永远不会衰老。”这是哈佛大学第25任校长博克(Derek Bok)在第340届毕业典礼上的一句致辞。

参考网址:

“任何学生都不得在没有征得父母、监护人和个人导师的同意下买卖或交换超过6美分的物品。”——哈佛大学第一任校长伊顿,此话后来成为了一条校规

“人类过去和现在的努力已经排除了知识路途中的许多障碍,让我们继续努力去排除剩余的障碍。”——哈佛大学第19任校长昆西对入学新生和毕业生的期望

“人类的希望取决于那些知识先驱者的思维,他们所思考的事情可能超过一般人几年、几代人甚至几个世纪。”

——哈佛大学第21任校长艾略特对哈佛教授们的期望

“每个受过教育的人都应该对什么事物都懂一点,但对个别事物懂得很多。”

——哈佛大学第22任校长洛厄尔的名言

“大学的荣誉,不在它的校舍和人数,而在于它一代又一代人的质量。”

——哈佛大学第23任校长科南特对哈佛大学办学方针的总结

“一个人是否具有创造力,是一流人才和三流人才的分水岭。”

——哈佛大学第24任校长普西对开发学生创造力意义的理解

第二篇:哈佛大学校长名言录

哈佛大学校长名言录

“任何学生都不得在没有征得父母、监护人和个人导师的同意下买卖或交换超过6美分的物品。”

——哈佛大学第一任校长伊顿,此话后来成为了一条校规

“人类过去和现在的努力已经排除了知识路途中的许多障碍,让我们继续努力去排除剩余的障碍。”

——哈佛大学第19任校长昆西对入学新生和毕业生的期望

“人类的希望取决于那些知识先驱者的思维,他们所思考的事情可能超过一般人几年、几代人甚至几个世纪。”

——哈佛大学第21任校长艾略特对哈佛教授们的期望

“每个受过教育的人都应该对什么事物都懂一点,但对个别事物懂得很多。”

——哈佛大学第22任校长洛厄尔的名言

“大学的荣誉,不在它的校舍和人数,而在于它一代又一代人的质量。”

——哈佛大学第23任校长科南特对哈佛大学办学方针的总结

“一个人是否具有创造力,是一流人才和三流人才的分水岭。” ——哈佛大学第24任校长普西对开发学生创造力意义的理解 “学生“学生一代接着一代,如同海水一浪接着一浪地冲击着陆地。有时是静静的,有时则带着狂风暴雨的怒吼。不论我们认为人的历史是单调的还是狂骤的,有两件事物总是新鲜的,这就是青春和对知识的追求,这也正是一所大学所关心的。我们学院的年纪已经可以用世纪来计算,但只要它热切地追求这两件事,它就永远不会衰老。”

——哈佛大学第25任校长博克(Derek Bok)在第340届毕业典礼上的一句致辞。接一代,如同海水一浪接着一浪地冲击着陆地。有时是静静的,有时则带着狂风暴雨的怒吼。不论我们认“学生一代接一代,如同海水一浪接着一浪地冲击着陆地。有时是静静的,有时则带着狂风暴雨的怒吼。不论我们认为人的历史是单调还是狂骤的,有两件事物总是新鲜的,这就是青春和对知识的追求,这也正是一所大学所关心的。我们学校的年纪已经可以用世纪来计算,但只要它热切地追求这两件事,它就永远不会衰老。”这是哈佛大学第25任校长博克在第340届毕业生典礼上的一句致辞。为人的历史是单调还是狂骤的,有两件事物总是新鲜的,这就是青春和对知识的追求,这也正是一所大学所关心的。我们学校的年纪已经可以用世纪来计算,但只要它热切地追求这两件事,它就永远不会衰老。”这是哈佛大学第25任校长博克在第340届毕业生典礼上的一句致辞。

第三篇:哈佛大学校长就职演说

哈佛大学校长就职演说:放飞我们最富挑战性的想象力

2008-04-28-08-59-37 yyb350322-阅读:216

哈佛大学校长 德鲁·福斯特

郭英剑 编译

转自:http://www.xiexiebang.com/show.php?id=10889

[译者按:《放飞我们最富挑战性的想象力》是美国哈佛大学第28任校长德鲁·福斯特在2007年10月12日就职典礼上的演讲词。需要向读者说明的是,这里所谓的“编译”,是指译者删去了——也就是没有翻译——原文中的一些客套话和一些(在译者看来并不太重要的)词句,但不改动原来的句子,也就是说,这里所有的语句,都出自原文,非译者“编辑加工”后再“译”而成。原文见:Installation address: Unleashing our most ambitious imaginings

就职演讲常常会罗列一些新校长的具体构想或是计划。但是,当我在考虑今天意味着什么的时候,这样的罗列似乎过于束缚人,它们限制了而不是去放飞我们最富挑战性的想象力,限制了我们去思考我们最深远的责任和义务。

如果今天是超越普通日子的一天,如果今天是我们为数不多的、不仅是作为哈佛人聚集在一起、而是与一个更为广阔的学术、教学与学问的世界站在一起的一天,那么,现在就是哈佛以及像哈佛这类大学去思考的时候了:在这21世纪的第一个十年中,我们应该扮演什么样的角色。

大学的确是要承担责任的。但我们从事高等教育的人需要首先搞清楚,我们为了什么去承担责任。人们要求我们报告毕业率、研究生院的入学统计数字、标准考试的分数,目的是为了在大学评价中提高“附加值”,人们要看研究经费有多少,教师出版和发表论著的数量是多少。但这些硬性指标本身并不能说明所取得的成就,更不要提大学所渴望达到的目标了。虽然了解上述指标很重要,它们也可以说明我们事业中一些特别的部分内容。但我们的目的要比这些宏大得多,因此,要解释我们的责任感,也更加困难。

那么,让我斗胆提出一个定义来吧。一所大学的精神所在,是它要特别对历史和未来负责——而不单单或着仅仅是对现在负责。一所大学关乎学问(learning),影响终生的学问,将传统传承千年的学问,创造未来的学问。一所大学,既要回头看,也要向前看,其看的方法必须——也应该——与大众当下所关心的或是所要求的相对立。大学是要对永恒做出承诺,而这些投资会产生我们无法预测且常常是无法衡量的收益。大学是那些活生生的传统的管理员——在Widener图书馆与Houghton图书馆以及我们另外的88个图书馆,在Fogg与Peabody博物馆,在我们的古典学科的系科,在历史与文学的系科,都有活生生的传统。对于那些努力去证明这些传统不过是工具性的、不过是对某些当代需求有一定用处而已的说法和作法,我们会感觉很不舒服。恰恰相反,我们追寻传统,从某种程度上讲,是“为了它们自身”,因为正是它们,千百年来界定了我们何以为人类,而不是因为它们可以提升我们在全球的竞争力。

我们追寻它们,因为它们使我们的——无论是个人的还是社会的——洞察力增加了深度和广度,而这,则是我们在难以避免短视的当下所无法发现的。我们同样追寻它们,也因为正如我们需要食物和房屋生存一样,正如我们需要工作和寻求教育来改善我们的运气一样,我们作为人类同样需要寻找意义。我们努力去理解我们是谁,从哪里来,到哪里去,原因何在。对许多人来说,四年的大学生活不过是允许自己去自由自在地探索这类根本问题的一个插曲而已。但对意义的找寻,是没有尽头的探索,它在不断地阐释,不断地干扰和重新阐释现状,不断地在看,从不会满足于已有的发现。事实上,这就是所有学问的真谛,自然科学、社会科学和人文学科,概莫能外,因此,它也就成为了“大学是干什么的”之核心所在了。

就其本质而言,大学培育的是一种变化的文化甚至是无法控制的文化。这是大学为未来承担责任的核心。教育、研究、教学常常都是有关变化的——当人们学习时,它改变了个人;当我们的疑问改变我们对世界的看法时,它改变了世界;当我们的知识运用到政策之中时,它改变了社会。知识的扩充就意味着变化。但变化常常使人感到不舒服,因为它在你得到的同时也会失去,在你发现的同时也会迷失方向。然而,当面对未来时,大学必须去拥抱那不稳定的变化,它对人类理解世界的每一点进步都至关重要。

我们对未来的责任还对我们提出了更多的要求。大学既是哲学家也是科学家的所在地,这是独一无二的。对未来承担责任要求我们,要跨越地理与智力的界限。正如我们生活在田野与学科正在缩小差距的时代,我们所居住的是一个逐渐跨越国家的世界,在这个世界里,知识本身就是最有力的连接体。

真理是渴望达到的目标,而不是占有物。而在这其中,我们——和所有以思考和自由询问精神显示其特色的大学一道——向那些拥抱不容争辩的确定性的人们提出挑战乃至是提出警告。我们必须将自己置于不断质疑(doubt)这种令人不舒服的状态,使自己保持谦逊的态度,不断地相信:还有更多的知识需要我们去了解、更多的知识需要我们去讲授、更多的知识需要我们去理解。

上述所承担的种种责任既代表着一种特权,也代表着一种责任。我们能够生活在哈佛这样一个理性自由、传统激扬、资源非凡的王国,因为我们正是被称为是“大学”的这样好奇而神圣的组织的一部分。我们需要更好地去理解和推进大学的目的——不单单是向总持批评立场的公众加以解释,更要为了我们自身的价值而坚持自我。我们必须要付诸行动,不仅是作为学生和教工、历史学家和计算机科学家、律师和医生,语言学家和社会学家,更是作为大学中的成员,我们对这个思想共同体负有责任。我们必须把彼此看作是相互负有责任的,因为由我们所组成的这个组织,反过来界定了我们的潜在价值。对未来承担责任包含着我们对学生所承担的特殊职责,因为他们是我们最重要的目的和财产。

想要说服一个国家或是世界去尊重——不要说去支持了——那些致力于挑战社会最根本的思维设定,这很不容易。但这,恰恰就是我们的责任:我们既要去解释我们的目的,也要很好地去达到我们的目的,这就是我们这些大学在这个新的世纪生存和繁荣的价值所在。哈佛大学不能孤独地为此奋斗。但我们所有人都知道,哈佛在其中扮演着特殊的角色。这就是我们今天在这里的原因,这就是她对我们意味深长的原因。

上一周,我拿到一个深黄褐色的信封,它是在1951年由哈佛的第23任校长詹姆斯·柯南特(James B.Conant)委托给哈佛档案馆保存下来的。他在留下的简短说明上称,请下一世纪开始时而“不是之前的”哈佛校长打开它。我撕开了这封神秘信件的封口,发现里面是我的前任留下的一封不同寻常的信。它的抬头是“我亲爱的先生。”柯南特写作时给人一种危险迫在眉睫的感觉。他担心第三次世界大战一触即发,这将“很有可能使我们所居住的城市包括剑桥在内遭到破坏。”

“我们都想知道,”他继续写到,“自由世界在未来的50年里会如何发展。”但是,当他想象哈佛的未来时,柯南特就由不详之兆转向了坚定的信念。如果“厄运的预言”证明了是错的,如果有一位哈佛校长能活着读到这封信,那么,柯南特就对哈佛的未来有信心。“你会收到这封信,会带领一个比我荣幸地执掌时更加繁荣、更有影响的大学。……[哈佛]将坚持学术自由、容忍异端的传统,我确信是如此。”我们必须致力于此,确信他在未来也是正确的,我们必须共同拥有和支持他的这种信念。

柯南特的信,就像我们今天在此聚会一样,标志着在过去与未来之间,有一块引人注目的交汇地。在这个仪式上,我接受了我对他来自历史的声音所祈求的传统应付的责任。与此同时,我也与你们大家一道,确认了我对哈佛现在和未来的责任。正如柯南特所处的时代一样,我们也处于一个使我们有充足的理由忧虑不安的世界,我们面对的是不确定。但我们同样要对这所大学的目的和潜在发展保持一种不可动摇的信念,她终究会尽其所能地去设计从现在起之后的半个世纪内世界将会怎样。让我们拥抱那些责任和各种可能性吧;让我们分享它们“紧密相联……如一体;”让我们开心地去从事这项工作吧,因为这样的一项任务是一种难以衡量的特权。

第四篇:哈佛大学校长致辞

哈佛大学校长致辞

In the curious custom of this venerable institution, I find myself standing before you expected to impart words of lasting wisdom.Here I am in a pulpit, dressed like a Puritan minister — an apparition that would have horrified many of my distinguished forebears and perhaps rededicated some of them to the extirpation of witches.This moment would have propelled Increase and Cotton into a true “Mather lather.” But here I am and there you are and it is the moment of and for Veritas.You have been undergraduates for four years.I have been president for not quite one.You have known three presidents;I one senior class.Where then lies the voice of experience? Maybe you should be offering the wisdom.Perhaps our roles could be reversed and I could, in Harvard Law School style, do cold calls for the next hour or so.We all do seem to have made it to this point — more or less in one piece.Though I recently learned that we have not provided you with dinner since May 22.I know we need to wean you from Harvard in a figurative sense.I never knew we took it quite so literally.But let’s return to that notion of cold calls for a moment.Let’s imagine this were a baccalaureate service in the form of Q & A, and you were asking the questions.“What is the meaning of life, President Faust? What were these four years at Harvard for? President Faust, you must have learned something since you graduated from college exactly 40 years ago?”(Forty years.I’ll say it out loud since every detail of my life — and certainly the year of my Bryn Mawr degree — now seems to be publicly available.But please remember I was young for my class.)In a way, you have been engaging me in this Q & A for the past year.On just these questions, although you have phrased them a bit more narrowly.And I have been trying to figure out how I might answer and, perhaps more intriguingly, why you were asking.Let me explain.It actually began when I met with the UC just after my appointment was announced in the winter of 2007.Then the questions continued when I had lunch at Kirkland House, dinner at Leverett, when I met with students in my office hours, even with some recent graduates I encountered abroad.The first thing you asked me about wasn’t the curriculum or advising or faculty contact or even student space.In fact, it wasn’t even alcohol policy.Instead, you repeatedly asked me: Why are so many of us going to Wall Street? Why are we going in such numbers from Harvard to finance, consulting, ibanking? There are a number of ways to think about this question and how to answer it.There is the Willie Sutton approach.You may know that when he was asked why he robbed banks, he replied, “Because that’s where the money is.” Professors Claudia Goldin and Larry Katz, whom many of you have encountered in your economics concentration, offer a not dissimilar answer based on their study of student career choices since the seventies.They find it notable that, given the very high pecuniary rewards in finance, many students nonetheless still choose to do something else.Indeed, 37 of you have signed on with Teach for America;one of you will dance tango and work in dance therapy in Argentina;another will be engaged in agricultural development in Kenya;another, with an honors degree in math, will study poetry;another will train as a pilot with the USAF;another will work to combat breast cancer.Numbers of you will go to law school, medical school, and graduate school.But, consistent with the pattern Goldin and Katz have documented, a considerable number of you are selecting finance and consulting.The Crimson’s survey of last year’s class reported that 58 percent of men and 43 percent of women entering the workforce made this choice.This year, even in challenging economic times, the figure is 39 percent.High salaries, the all but irresistible recruiting juggernaut, the reassurance for many of you that you will be in New York working and living and enjoying life alongside your friends, the promise of interesting work — there are lots of ways to explain these choices.For some of you, it is a commitment for only a year or two in any case.Others believe they will best be able to do good by first doing well.Yet, you ask me why you are following this path.I find myself in some ways less interested in answering your question than in figuring out why you are posing it.If Professors Goldin and Katz have it right;if finance is indeed the “rational choice,” why do you keep raising this issue with me? Why does this seemingly rational choice strike a number of you as not understandable, as not entirely rational, as in some sense less a free choice than a compulsion or necessity? Why does this seem to be troubling so many of you?

You are asking me, I think, about the meaning of life, though you have posed your question in code — in terms of the observable and measurable phenomenon of senior career choice rather than the abstract, unfathomable and almost embarrassing realm of metaphysics.The Meaning of Life — capital M, capital L — is a cliché — easier to deal with as the ironic title of a Monty Python movie or the subject of a Simpsons episode than as a matter about which one would dare admit to harboring serious concern.But let’s for a moment abandon our Harvard savoir faire, our imperturbability, our pretense of invulnerability, and try to find the beginnings of some answers to your question.I think you are worried because you want your lives not just to be conventionally successful, but to be meaningful, and you are not sure how those two goals fit together.You are not sure if a generous starting salary at a prestigious brand name organization together with the promise of future wealth will feed your soul.But many of you are now wondering how these commitments fit with a career choice.Is it necessary to decide between remunerative work and meaningful work? If it were to be either/or, which would you choose? Is there a way to have both?

You are asking me and yourselves fundamental questions about values, about trying to reconcile potentially competing goods, about recognizing that it may not be possible to have it all.You are at a moment of transition that requires making choices.And selecting one option — a job, a career, a graduate program — means not selecting others.Every decision means loss as well as gain — possibilities foregone as well as possibilities embraced.Your question to me is partly about that — about loss of roads not taken.Finance, Wall Street, “recruiting” have become the symbol of this dilemma, representing a set of issues that is much broader and deeper than just one career path.These are issues that in one way or another will at some point face you all — as you graduate from medical school and choose a specialty — family practice or dermatology, as you decide whether to use your law degree to work for a corporate firm or as a public defender, as you decide whether to stay in teaching after your two years with TFA.You are worried because you want to have both a meaningful life and a successful one;you know you were educated to make a difference not just for yourself, for your own comfort and satisfaction, but for the world around you.And now you have to figure out the way to make that possible.I think there is a second reason you are worried — related to but not entirely distinct from the first.You want to be happy.You have flocked to courses like “Positive Psychology” — Psych 1504 — and “The Science of Happiness” in search of tips.But how do we find happiness? I can offer one encouraging answer: get older.Turns out that survey data show older people — that is, my age — report themselves happier than do younger ones.But perhaps you don’t want to wait.As I have listened to you talk about the choices ahead of you, I have heard you articulate your worries about the relationship of success and happiness — perhaps, more accurately, how to define success so that it yields and encompasses real happiness, not just money and prestige.The most remunerative choice, you fear, may not be the most meaningful and the most satisfying.But you wonder how you would ever survive as an artist or an actor or a public servant or a high school teacher? How would you ever figure out a path by which to make your way in journalism? Would you ever find a job as an English professor after you finished who knows how many years of graduate school and dissertation writing?

The answer is: you won’t know till you try.But if you don’t try to do what you love — whether it is painting or biology or finance;if you don’t pursue what you think will be most meaningful, you will regret it.Life is long.There is always time for Plan B.But don’t begin with it.I think of this as my parking space theory of career choice, and I have been sharing it with students for decades.Don’t park 20 blocks from your destination because you think you’ll never find a space.Go where you want to be and then circle back to where you have to be.You may love investment banking or finance or consulting.It might be just right for you.Or, you might be like the senior I met at lunch at Kirkland who had just returned from an interview on the West Coast with a prestigious consulting firm.“Why am I doing this?” she asked.“I hate flying, I hate hotels, I won’t like this job.” Find work you love.It is hard to be happy if you spend more than half your waking hours doing something you don’t.But what is ultimately most important here is that you are asking the question — not just of me but of yourselves.You are choosing roads and at the same time challenging your own choices.You have a notion of what you want your life to be and you are not sure the road you are taking is going to get you there.This is the best news.And it is also, I hope, to some degree, our fault.Noticing your life, reflecting upon it, considering how you can live it well, wondering how you can do good: These are perhaps the most valuable things that a liberal arts education has equipped you to do.A liberal education demands that you live self-consciously.It prepares you to seek and define the meaning inherent in all you do.It has made you an analyst and critic of yourself, a person in this way supremely equipped to take charge of your life and how it unfolds.It is in this sense that the liberal arts are liberal — as in liberare — to free.They empower you with the possibility of exercising agency, of discovering meaning, of making choices.The surest way to have a meaningful, happy life is to commit yourself to striving for it.Don’t settle.Be prepared to change routes.Remember the impossible expectations we have of you, and even as you recognize they are impossible, remember how important they are as a lodestar guiding you toward something that matters to you and to the world.The meaning of your life is for you to make.I can’t wait to see how you all turn out.Do come back, from time to time, and let us know.

第五篇:哈佛大学校长德鲁

哈佛大学校长德鲁·福斯特在哈佛大学2015年毕业典礼上的演讲

译、校:张少军

2015 Commencement Speech

2015年毕业典礼上的演讲

May 28, 2015 Tercentenary Theatre, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.马萨诸塞州,剑桥,哈佛大学,三百周年纪念剧院

Thank you, President Torres.Welcome, Governor Patrick.Thank you, everyone, for being here.谢谢你,托雷斯校长。欢迎你,帕特里克州长。谢谢你们,来到这里的各位。

The 146th annual meeting of the Harvard Alumni Association at the 364th Commencement of Harvard University.It’s a particular pleasure to welcome former Governor Deval Patrick of the College Class of 1978 and the Harvard Law School Class of 1982.Throughout his distinguished career in government, he forcefully argued for the power of education to transform lives.Nothing made that case more persuasively than his own remarkable life — from Chicago’s South Side to the Massachusetts State House.When he was sworn in as governor, he took the oath of office with the Mendi Bible, presented in 1841 by the African captives who had seized the slave ship Amistad to the man who had won their legal right to freedom, John Quincy Adams.Governor Patrick can claim connection with both the African heritage of the Amistad rebels and the institutional roots of their defender.Adams, as you heard before from President Torres, was a member of the Harvard College Class of 1787, and was both the first president of this alumni association, and himself the son of an earlier alumnus, John Adams, of the Class of 1755.That kind of continuity across the centuries is not the least of the reasons that we congregate here every spring to renew and reinforce our ties to this extraordinary place.在哈佛大学第364届毕业典礼时欣逢第146届校友会召开,我特别高兴能够在这里欢迎本科1978届、哈佛法学院1982届校友,前州长德瓦尔•帕特里克(美国第一位非洲裔州长)。穷其整个杰出的政治生涯,他始终在为“教育改变生活的力量”作强有力的辩护。没有任何东西比他非凡的一生——从芝加哥南部走进马萨诸塞州议会——能更令人信服地说明这个道理。当宣誓成为州长时,他手按 “门代圣经”,一本1841年由贩卖奴隶的船只阿米斯塔德号上的反叛的非洲黑奴(来自塞拉利昂门代地区)送给约翰•昆西•亚当斯(美国第六任总统)的圣经。作为律师,亚当斯为他们赢得了合法的自由权利。帕特里克州长能够很好地说明在阿米斯塔德号反叛者的非洲遗产与他们辩护者的制度根源二者之间的联系。亚当斯,正如你们以前听托雷斯校长说过的那样,是哈佛大学1787届校友中的一员,同时也是我们校友会的第一任主席。而他自己又是我们更早的校友,1755届毕业生约翰•亚当斯的儿子。这种跨世纪的连续性,就是我们每年春天都聚集在这个特别的地方来重申和加强我们之间联系的最大理由。

Let me start by noticing what is both obvious, and curious: We are here today together.We are here in association.It is an association of many people, and many generations.We celebrate a connection across time in these festival rites, singing our alma mater, adorning ourselves in medieval robes to mark the deep-rooted traditions of Harvard, and of universities more generally.Even in the age of the online and the virtual, an institution has brought us together, and brings us back.让我从关注最显著最美妙的两个事实开始:我们今天在此聚会,我们同属一个协会。这是一个包括许多人许多时代的协会。在这个喜庆的节点,我们赞扬跨时代的联系,歌唱我们的母校,我们穿上中世纪的长袍,以展示我们哈佛大学——从更普遍的意义上说,展示所有大学的源远流长的传统。甚至在互联网时代与虚拟的时代,一个机构(指哈佛大学)曾经把我们聚合在一起,又将我们召唤回来。

We have also sung — or rather the magnificent Renée Fleming has sung — “America the Beautiful,” to honor another institution, our democratic republic, which the men and women whose names are carved in stone in Memorial Church right behind me — and Memorial Hall just behind that — gave their lives to protect and uphold.我们也曾歌唱——或者,更准确地说高贵的蕾妮•弗莱明曾经为我们歌唱——《美丽的美国》,来赞美另一个机构,我们的民主共和政体。为捍卫、支持这个政体而献出生命的英雄男女们的名字就镌刻在我身后的追思教堂以及再后面纪念堂的石碑上。

When the founders of the Massachusetts Bay Colony arrived on these shores in 1630, they came as dissenters — rejecting institutions of their English homeland.But I have always found it striking that here in the wilderness, where mere survival was the foremost challenge, they so rapidly felt compelled to found this seat of learning so that New England, in the words of William Hubbard of the Class of 1642, “might be supplied with persons fit to manage the affairs of both church and state.” Church,state, and College.Three institutions they deemed essential to this Massachusetts experiment.Three institutions to ensure that the colonists, as Governor John Winthrop urged, could be “knit together as one” in a new society in a brave new world.1630年,当我们的开国者来到马塞诸塞湾的这片海岸时,他们是作为持异见者来的——他们摒弃了家乡英国的体制。但是一直令我惊讶的是,在这片荒野里,当简单的生存还是最重大的挑战之时,这些开国者竟然很快就意识到了建立(哈佛大学)这所高等学府的必要性,以便新英格兰——用我们1642届校友威廉•哈伯德的话来说——“能够提供适合管理教堂与政府事务的人才”。教堂、政府、大学,这就是他们认为马萨诸塞这个实验的三大基本要素。正如约翰• 温斯罗普所主张的那样,在一个新社会一个无畏的新世界,只要有这三大机构,就能确保所有殖民者“团结得像一个人”。

Dozens of generations have come and gone since then, and the University’s footprint has expanded considerably beyond a small cluster of wooden buildings.But we have never lost faith in the capacity of each generation to build a better society than the one it was born into.We have never lost faith in the capacity of this College to help make that possible.As an early founder, Thomas Shepard put it, we hope to graduate into the world people who are, in his words, “enlarged toward the country and the good of it.”

自那以后,一代代人来了又离去,哈佛的校园已大大扩展,不再局限于当年的几间小木屋。但我们从未失去这样的信念:我们每一代人都有能力去建设一个比我们出生时更好的社会;我们从未失去这样的信念:这所大学有能力使这种愿望成为可能。正如一位早期创始人托马 斯• 谢帕德所说,我们希望向世界输送这样的毕业生,他们将发展壮大自己的国家,成为对国家有益的人。

Yet now, nearly four centuries later, we find ourselves in a challenging historical moment.How do we “enlarge” our graduates in a way that benefits others as well? Shepard spoke of enlarging “toward” — toward, as he put it, “the country and the good of it.” Are we succeeding in educating students oriented toward the betterment of others? Or have we all become so caught up in individual and personal achievements, opportunities, and appearances that we risk forgetting our interdependence, our responsibilities to one another and to the institutions meant to promote the common good? 而今天,将近四个世纪后,我们发现我们处在一个充满挑战的历史时刻。我们应如何鼓励我们的毕业生去造福他人?我们是否培养出了,如谢帕德所说的,“发展壮大自己的国家,对国家有益的”的毕业生?我们是否成功地教育出了以促进他人的完善为目标的学生?或者,我们所有人都已变得如此痴迷于个人成就、机遇和形象,以至于甘愿冒险,忘记我们的互相依赖,忘记我们对于彼此的责任,忘记我们对于这所旨在促进公共利益的大学的责任? This is the era of the selfie — and the selfie stick.Don’t get me wrong: There is much to love about selfies, and two years ago in my Baccalaureate address I concluded by urging the graduates to send such pictures along so we could keep up with them and their post-Harvard lives.But think for a moment about the implications of a society that goes through life taking its own picture.That seems to me a quite literal embodiment of “self-regarding” — a term not often used as a compliment.In fact, Merriam-Webster’s dictionary offers “egocentric,” “narcissistic,” and “selfish” as synonyms.We direct endless attention to ourselves, our image, our “Likes,” just as we are encouraged — and in fact encourage our students — to burnish resumes and fill first college and then job or graduate school applications with endless lists of achievements — with examples, to borrow Shepard’s language, of constant enlargements of self.As one social commentator has observed, we are ceaselessly at work building our own brands.We spend time looking at screens instead of one another.Large portions of our lives are hardly experienced: They are curated, shared, Snapchatted and Instagrammed — rendered as a kind of composite selfie.这是一个自拍——还有自拍杆的时代。不要误会我:自拍真是有太多的乐趣,两年前的毕业典礼演讲,我就在结束时鼓励毕业生们多给我们发送一些自拍照,让我们与他们保持联系,了解他们后哈佛时代的生活。但是仔细想想,一个人人自拍的社会将意味着什么?在我看来,那就是 “利己主义”地地道道的传神写照。这通常不是一个恭维人的术语。事实上,在韦氏词典里,把“自我中心的”、“自恋的”和“自私的”作为它的同义词。我们直接地无休止地关注我们自己、我们的形象、我们的爱好——如同我们被鼓励的那样,并且事实上也鼓励我们的学生。就像我们用就读的第一所大学、用工作经历、用我们研究生院的申请,用我们一串串无止境的成就来美化我们的简历。——借用谢帕德的话说,就是“持续地自我放大”。正如一位社会评论家所观察到的那样,我们都在不停地运作以打造自己的品牌。我们花很多时间紧盯屏幕,却忽视了身边的人。我们生活中的很大一部分不是被我们去经历去体验,而是被编辑、分享并用Snapchat 和Instagram 等应用程序上传的——最终它们呈现出的是一种复合的自拍照。

Now, a certain amount of self-absorption is in our nature.As Harvard’s own E.O.Wilson has recently written, and I quote him, “We are an insatiably curious species — provided the subjects are our personal selves and people we know or would like to know.” But I want to underscore two troubling aspects of this obsession with ourselves.当然,适度的自我关注是我们天性的一部分。正如我们哈佛自己的生物学教授E.O.威尔逊最近所写的那样:“我们是一个充满无穷好奇心的物种——只要对象是我们自己以及我们自己所知道或想知道的人。” 但是我想强调的是,这种自我迷恋会有两个令人忧虑的方面。The first is it undermines our sense of responsibility to others — the ethos of service at the heart of Thomas Shepard’s phrase describing Harvard’s enduring commitment to graduate students who are “enlarged” to be about more than themselves.Not just enlarged for their own sake and betterment — but enlarged toward others and toward the world.This is part of the essence of what this university has always strived to be.Our students and faculty have embodied that spirit through their work to serve in our neighborhood and around the world.From tutoring at the Harvard Ed Portal in Allston to working in Liberia to mitigate the Ebola crisis, they make a difference in the lives of countless individuals.The Dexter Gate across the Yard invites students to “Enter to grow in wisdom.Depart to serve better thy country and thy kind.” Today some 6,500 graduates go forth.May each of them remember that it is in some way to serve.首先,它削弱了我们对于他人的责任感——一种服务他人的意识。服务的精神正是托马斯•谢帕德用以描述哈佛大学之承诺的那个短语的核心:让毕业生们不断发展壮大,超越自我。这并非仅仅是为了每个人的自身利益自我完善的发展壮大,更是为了他人和整个世界的发展壮大——这也是这所大学一直努力为之奋斗的使命。我们的学生和教授已经通过服务周围的社区以及整个世界,具体地践行了这种精神。从Allston 小镇的哈佛•波特尔教育中心开展的课外辅导与社区教育,到去利比亚帮助缓解埃博拉病毒危机,哈佛人改变了无数人的生活。在院子对过的哈佛的德克斯特校门,它邀请学生们“进来,增长智慧;离去,更好地服务你的国家和你的同胞。” 今天,我们约有6500名毕业生将要出发,愿他们每个人都记得自己服务的使命。

There is yet another danger we should note as well.Self-absorption may obscure not only our responsibilities to others but our dependence upon them.And this is troubling for Harvard, for higher education and for fundamental social institutions whose purposes and necessity we forget at our peril.Why do we even need college, critics demand? Can’t we do it all on our own? Peter Thiel, Silicon Valley entrepreneur, has urged students to drop out and has even subsidized them — including several of our undergraduates — to leave college and pursue their individual entrepreneurial dreams.After all, the logic goes, Mark Zuckerberg and Bill Gates dropped out and they seem to have done OK.Well, yes.还有一种危险也是我们应当注意的。自我关注不仅可能模糊了我们对于他人的责任,它还掩盖了我们对于他人的依赖。对于哈佛大学、对于高等教育、对于各种社会基础机构,这将非常麻烦:一旦我们自己处于危险的境地,我们便会忘了它们存在的目的与必要性。为什么我们还需要大学,批评家们问道,我们就不能全靠自学吗?皮特• 泰尔(Peter Thiel),硅谷企业家,曾鼓励学生们辍学,甚至还给予他们经济补助,让他们辍学,去追逐他们个人的企业家之梦——这其中也包括我们哈佛的几个肄业生。毕竟,从逻辑上来讲,马克•扎克伯格和比尔•盖茨都辍学了,他们似乎都很成功。事实如此,没错。

But we should remember: Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg had Harvard to drop out of.Harvard to serve as the place where their world-changing discoveries were born.Harvard and institutions like it to train the physicists, mathematicians, computer scientists, business analysts, lawyers, and thousands of other skilled individuals upon whom Facebook and Microsoft depend.Harvard to enlighten public servants to lead a country in which Facebook, Microsoft, and companies like them can thrive.Harvard to nurture the writers and filmmakers and journalists who create the storied “content” that gives the Internet its substance.And we must recognize as well that universities have served as sources of discoveries essential to the work of the companies advancing the revolutions in technology that have changed our lives — from early successes in creating and programming computers to development of prototypes that laid the groundwork for the now-ubiquitous touchscreen.但是我们应该记取:比尔•盖茨和马克•扎克伯格都是从哈佛辍学的。哈佛是孕育他们改变世界想法的地方。哈佛以及其他像哈佛一样的学府培养了数以千计的物理学家、数学家、计算机科学家、商业分析师、律师和其他技巧娴熟的人,这些都是“脸书”和微软公司赖以生存的员工。哈佛培育了政府官员、公务员来领导国家,让脸书、微软以及类似的公司可以在其中繁荣发展。哈佛大学还培养了无数的作家、电影制作人和新闻工作者,是他们的作品给互联网增添了“内容”。而且我们还要承认,大学是发明创造的源泉,而这些发明正是企业那些改变了我们生活的科技革新的前提与基石——从早期成功地创造计算机和编写计算机应用程序,到发展出如今已无处不在的触摸屏的雏型与基本原理。

We are told, too, that universities are about to be unbundled, disrupted by innovations that enable individuals to teach themselves, selecting from a buffet of massive open online courses and building do-it-yourself degrees.But online opportunities and residential learning are not at odds;the former can strengthen — but does not supplant — the latter.And through initiatives like edX and HarvardX, we are sharing intellectual riches that are the creations of institutions of higher learning with millions of people around the globe.Intriguingly, we have found that a highly represented group among these online learners around the world is teachers — who will use this knowledge to enrich their own schools and face-to-face classrooms.我们还被告知,那让每个人自我教育成为可能的创新将使大学土崩瓦解。人们可以像吃自助餐一样在“慕课”(Massive Open Online Course大规模在线公开课)中选课,并设立DIY(自我教育)学位。但在线学习与在校学习并不矛盾,前者可以强化,却不会取代后者。通过类似像edX 和HarvardX 的这样的在线课程平台,我们哈佛正在与全球数百万人分享作为高等教育机构创造物的智力财富。有趣的是,我们发现,在遍及全球的在线学习者中,有一个极具代表性的群体,那就是老师——他们正用这些在线课程中的知识来丰富他们自己的学校和他们采用面对面教学方式的课堂。Assertions about the irrelevance of universities are part of a broader and growing mistrust of institutions more generally, one fuelled by our intoxication with the power and charisma of the individual and the cult of celebrity.Government, business, non-profits are joined with universities as targets of suspicion and criticism.声称大学已经无关紧要,没有存在价值,这种断言来源于人们对于机构的广泛的日益增长的不信任;而我们对于个人力量与魅力的陶醉以及对于名人的狂热崇拜更使得这种趋势火上加油。政府、企业、非营利组织和大学一样,都成了质疑和批评的标靶。

There are few countervailing voices to remind us how institutions serve and support us.We tend to take what they do for granted.Your food was safe;your blood test was reliable;your polling place was open;electricity was available when you flipped the switch.Your flight to Boston took off and landed according to rules and systems and organizations responsible for safe air travel.Just imagine a week or a month without this “civic infrastructure” — without the institutions that undergird our society and without the commitment to our interdependence that created these structures of commonality in the first place.Think of the countries in West Africa that lacked the public health systems to contain Ebola and the devastation that resulted.Contrast that with the network of institutions that so rapidly saved lives and contained spread of the disease when it appeared in the United States.Think about other elements of our civic infrastructure — the libraries, the museums, the school committees, the religious organizations that are as vital to moving us forward as are our roads and railways and bridges.很少有反对的声音来提醒我们这些机构是如何服务和支持我们的,我们常常认为它们的存在理所当然。你的食物是安全的;你的血液检查是可信赖的;你的投票站是开放的;当你按动开关时,一定会有电;你前往波士顿的航班的起飞降落都是根据航空安全规定进行的,会有机构为你的空中旅行安全负责。设想一下,假如所有的市政基础设施停摆一周或一个月,没有机构来支持我们的社会,没有对于从一开始就建立起来的互相依赖的社会公共体系的承诺,我们的生活会是怎样?想想那些西非国家,由于公共卫生系统不足以遏制埃博拉的爆发而导致的令人悲伤的后果。对比起来,当它出现在美国时,我们凭借机构的网络如此迅速地拯救了生命,遏制了疾病的传播。再想想我们市政基础设施的其他要素——图书馆、博物馆、教育委员会、宗教团体,这些在保证我们向前迈进时如同公路、铁路、桥梁一样至关重要的元素。Institutions embody our present and enduring connections to one other.They bring our disparate talents and capacities to the pursuit of common purpose.At the same time, they link us to both what has come before and what will follow.They are repositories of values — values that precede, transcend, and outlast the self.They challenge us to look beyond the immediate, the instantly gratifying, to think about the bigger picture, the longer run, the larger whole.They remind us that the world is only temporarily ours, that we are stewards entrusted with the past and responsible to the future.We are larger than ourselves and our selfies.机构体现了我们彼此间当下的与持久的联系。它们将我们不同的天赋和能力拧成一股绳,去追求共同的目标。同时,它们也将我们与过去和未来维系起来。它们是价值的金矿——这些价值先于自我,高于自我,比自我更恒久。机构促使我们放弃直接的眼前的快感,思考更大的图景,更远的目标,更宏大的全局。它们提醒我们世界只是暂时属于我们,我们肩负着过去和未来的责任,真正的我们要比我们自己和我们的自拍照要伟大得多。

That responsibility is quintessentially the work of universities — calling upon our shared human heritage to invent a new future — the future that will be created by the thousands of graduates who leave here today.Our work is about that ongoing commitment — not to a single individual or even one generation or one era — but to a larger world and to the service of the age that is waiting before it.而大学的责任正是大学的典型工作——省视我们共同的人类遗产去创造未来——这个未来将由今天从这里毕业的数千名哈佛学生去创造。我们的工作是一个持续的承诺,它并不针对单一的个体,甚至不针对一代人或一个时代,它是对一个更大的世界的承诺,是一个对于正在等待它服务的时代的承诺。

In 1884, my predecessor Charles William Eliot unveiled a statue of John Harvard and spoke of the good that can come from the study of what we might call the “enlarged” life of the man whose name this university bears.1884年,我的前任、查尔斯•威廉•艾略特校长为约翰•哈佛雕像揭幕,并谈到研究约翰•哈佛——这位冠名了这所大学的人——“发展壮大”的一生可能带来的教益。

Eliot said: “He will teach that the good which men do lives after them, fructified and multiplied beyond all power of measurement or computation.He will teach that from the seed which he planted … have sprung joy, strength, and energy ever fresh, blooming year after year in this garden of learning, and flourishing … as time goes on, in all fields of human activity.”

艾略特校长说:“他会教导人们善行将流芳百世,将以超越所有计量方式的速度和规模繁衍。他会告诉人们,他播下的种子,将迸发出喜悦、力量以及永远新鲜的能量,在这个教育园地里,年复一年,迎风怒放;并将随着时光的流逝,在人类活动的所有领域,花繁叶茂。” In other words, that statue we paraded past this afternoon is not simply a monument to an individual, but to a community and an institution constantly renewing itself.Your presence here today represents an act of connection and of affirmation of that community and of this institution.It is a recognition of Harvard’s capacity to propel you toward lives and worlds beyond your own.I thank you for the commitment that brought you here today and for all it means and sustains.I wish you joy, strength, and energy ever fresh.换句话说,今天下午我们列队经过的那座雕像,它不仅仅是一座代表个人的纪念碑,更是代表一个不断自我更新的社区和机构的纪念碑。你们今天坐在这里,就代表了一种联系的努力与对哈佛这个社区和机构的认可。这种认可也是你对于哈佛推动你走向人生、惠及世界的能力的认可。我感谢你们,感谢那使你们今天聚集在这里的承诺,感谢那承诺所意味与维系的一切。祝你们每一位都快乐、健康并且永远充满活力!Thank you very much.谢谢你们,非常感谢。

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