[英文][英语]读英语科技文章的技能和技巧

第一篇：[英文][英语]读英语科技文章的技能和技巧

當代科學技術發展迅速，每天有大量的英語科技文章、新聞及其他科技資料發表在各類報刊和網絡上，要想把這些英語科技文獻資料都及時翻譯成中文是不可能的。如果想要及時掌握最新的科技信息，把握住現代科技發展的脈搏，最好的解決辦法是自己直接閱讀英語文獻資料，獲得第一手信息。只要有較好英語的基礎，再掌握英語閱讀的技巧，做到這一點並非很難。

閱讀技能是學習任何語言的基本技能之一。語言技能有四種，即聽、說、讀和寫，其中說和寫的技能屬於主動性技能，比較難掌握，而聽和讀的技能屬於被動性技能，比較容易掌握。閱讀技能相對來講是最容易掌握的技能。為什麼閱讀技能會比較容易掌握，因為人們在閱讀時，可以自己控制閱讀速度，可以查閱字典，壓力較少，因此比較容易達到人們的閱讀目的。本文將以一些閱讀實例，來討論英語閱讀技能和技巧，及其掌握學習的方法。

英語語言教學和研究人員對英語閱讀技能和技巧的分類有所不同，但基本上可分為四種。第一種是精讀(intensive reading skill)；第二種是泛讀(extensive reading skill)；第三種是略讀(skimming reading skill)；第四種是掠讀(scanning reading skill)；每種閱讀技能和技巧都有其特點和要求，下面分別對這四種閱讀技能和技巧做一些介紹。

精讀技能

精讀(Intensive Reading)在四種閱讀技能和技巧中要求最高，對所閱讀的文章，要做到逐字細讀，不但要了解文章的主題思想和內容，了解文章的文法結構，而且要掌握每個字詞的意義和用法，必要時還需要把文章翻譯成中文。精讀閱讀技能是學習和研究英語的人或從事翻譯人員必需要掌握的技能，但對只需要查閱英語科技文獻和信息的科技工作者，在多數情況下不需要使用精讀技能。運用精讀技能，不是看文章的長短，而在於是否需要對所閱讀的英語資料文章做深度了解和研究。

下面以一則英語新聞為例，來簡要說明通過精讀，要到達什麼樣的標準？英語原文：(此文摘自2000年3月25日美國加利福尼亞州矽谷地區一份非常具有權威性的，以科技消息為主的報紙《聖荷西水星報(San Jose Mercury News)》商業版C1科技新聞部分)

IBM Developing chips for TV set-top boxes Computer giant IBM said Friday it is

developing chips for televison set-top boxes that will transform TV sets into interactive, two-way information appliances.By Computing PowerPC processors and television set-top box components into a single “system-on-a-chip,” the Armonk, N.Y., company aims

toimprove system performance and lower prices.“The PowerPc is an ideal chip because it

has a good radio of power consumption, performance and low cost,”said Tom Haffhil, an analyst for MicroDesign Resource.分析：本文是一則新聞，報導美國IBM公司研發新產品的消息，其標題是IBM Developing chips for TV set-top boxes，意為“IBM公司研發電視機頂盒晶片”這篇短文共有81個字，三個句子，二個複合句，其中有一個是直接引語，還有一簡單句。

第一句：” Computer giant IBM saidFriday it is developing chipsfor televison set-top boxes that will transform TV sets into interactive, two-way information appliances.“這是一個複合句，主句含賓語從句“said: ”Friday it is......information appliance.“，賓語從句中含有定語從句“that will transform TV sets into interactive, two-way information appliances”修飾詞組“televsion set-top boxes“。

第二句：“By Computing PowerPC processors and television set-top box components into asingle ”system-on-a-chip,“ the Armonk, N.Y., company aims to improve system performance and lower prices.” 這是一個簡單句，主語是“the Armonk, N.Y.,company”，謂語動詞是“aims”，“to improve......“是不定式短語，作為目的狀語，說明”aims“目的是什麼。”By Computing PowerPC.....“是介詞By引導的短語，也是狀語，表示“aims”的手段。

第三句：“The PowerPc is an ideal chip because it has a good radio of power consumption, performance and low cost,” said Tom Haffhil, an analyst for MicroDesign Resource.”這是一個有直接引語的複合句，引號內為直接引語，它是一個複合句，其中“The PowerPc is an ideal chip”是主句，“because it has......”是原因狀語，修飾主句。Tom Haffhil是主句的主語，an analyst for MicroDesign Resource是同位語，修飾主語Tom Haffhil的身份，said是主句謂語動詞。

只有在了解了句子結構後，才能準確理解文章內容。除此之外，還要對文章的詞匯含義，時態等做分析。到此，只是按精讀的要求，做了很少的一部分分析，還有許多細節要討論。由於文章篇幅限制，就不再做更進一步的分析了。精讀技能不是一朝夕就能學會的，它需要有比較全面的英語知識，需要通過大量的閱讀訓練才能掌握好。

另外三種閱讀技能和技巧，對需要及時了解大量英語科技信息的人們，更為實用，使用頻率高，也比較容易掌握。熟練掌握了這三種英語閱讀技能和技巧，對提高精讀技能水平很有幫助。

泛讀技能

泛讀(Extensive Reading)顧名思義可以知道它是要廣泛的閱讀，通過閱讀大量英語文章，來提高英語語感和擴大知識面。泛讀沒有什麼特別要求，關鍵在於一個量。如果能堅持

經常閱讀一定數量的英語文章，每周閱讀二至三篇文章即可。英語文章長度可長可短，因人而異。科技人員工作忙，時間少，開始做泛讀練習時，可以從500字開始，以後逐漸增加長度，一般控制在2000至3000字左右為宜。如果能堅持下去，一年以後，英語水平一定會有很大提高，到那時自己可以感覺出來這種變化。

有一點要注意的是，選擇泛讀文章題材要盡量多樣化，這樣才能保証知識和詞匯涵蓋面。如果時間有限，當然也可以只選擇與自己專業相關題材的文章。盡量選擇一些自己感興趣的文章，是一個能保証泛讀訓練持久的好辦法。

在做泛讀練習時，要求雖然不像精讀那樣嚴格，但是必須要從頭到尾把文章讀完，對文章的關鍵詞語和句子要有所理解。為了達到這樣的要求，最好根據文章的內容或特點，事先提出一些問題，在閱讀之後，回答這些問題，以鞏固閱讀效果。下面一些問題可以作為泛讀練習提問的內容參考。

1.What is main theme of the article? 文章的主題思想是什麼？

2.How many paragraphs does this article have? 此文有幾個段落？

3.What is the topic sentence

of each paragraph? 每段的主題句是什麼？

4.Pick up the sentences you are most interested and analyze them.挑選出你最感興趣的句子，並做分析。

5.List the important and useful words and phrases.記錄下重要的和有用的單詞和短語。

除了上面這些問題外，讀者也可以加上自己想要回答的問題。初級英語讀者可以先用中文提問題，隨著水平的提高，逐步直接用英語提問題。

略讀技巧

略讀(Skimming)是一種快速閱讀技巧，在查詢大量英語文獻時非常有用。略讀是快速閱讀文章，目的是了解文章主題思想。略讀時不需要逐字去讀，而是尋找文章內關鍵詞語，主題句，從而了解文章的主題思想。在這個基礎上，決定是否選

取此資料，是否需要進一步精讀。現在以下面的短文為例，說明如何運用略讀技技巧，找出此文的主題思想。

In Praise of New York City(Excerpt)It might appear to any casual visitor who may have taken a few rides about town in a taxicab that all New Yorkers are filled with

aloudmouthed ill will toward each other.The fact of the matter is, though, that however cold and cruel thingsseem on the surface, there has never been a society of people in all history with somuch compassions for its fellow man.It clothes, feeds, and houses 15 percent of its own because 1.26 million people in New York are unable to do it for themselves.Your couldn't call that cold or cruel.Everyone must have seen pictures at least of the great numberof poor people who live in New York.And it seems strange, in view of this, that so many people

come here seeking their fortune or maybe someone else's.But if anything aboutthe city's population is moreis more impressive than the great number of poor people.There's no need to search forburied treasure in New York.The great American dream is out in the open for everyone to see and to reach for.No one seems to resent the very rich.It must be because eventhose people who can never realistically believe.They'll get rich themselves can still dream about it.Andthey respond to the hope of getting what they see others having.Their hope alone seems to be enough to sustainthem.The woman going into Tiffany's to buy another diamond pin can pass within ten feet of a man without money enough for lunch.They are oblivious to each other.He feels no envy;she no remorse.There's a disregard for the past in New York that dismayseven a lot of New Yorkers.Itis true that no one pays muchattention to antiquity.The immigrants who came here camefor something new, and what New York used to be means nothing to them.Their heritage is somewhere else.Old million-dollar buildings are constantly being torn down and replaced by new

fifty-million-dollar ones.InLondon, Rome, Paris, much of the land has only been built on once in all their long history.In relatively new New York, some lots have already been built on four times.Because strangers only see New Yorkers in transit, they leave with the impression that the city is one grealy mindless rush to nowhere.They complain that it's moving too fast, but they don't notice that it's getting there first.For better and for worse, New York has been where the rest of the country is going.這篇短文約500字。用略讀技巧，應該在2-3分鐘內讀完全文。文中用彩色斜體字，是閱讀時應該注意句子或詞語。此文主題是介紹紐約市及人們對紐約市的正反兩個方面的看法(This article is about New York City and both positive and negative impressions on New York from the people.)。了解短文的主題，就等於有一條線索，幫助讀者更好的理解文章。略讀是在大量英語文獻中，查找和選擇所需要的資料時，非常有用的閱讀技巧。

掠讀技巧

掠讀(Scanning)也是一種快速閱讀技巧，與略讀不同的是，它用來查詢文章中的特定信息。人們在日常生活和工作時，都在自覺或不自覺地在使用掠讀技巧。例如，看飛機時刻表，查找特定的航班時間；查字典時，查閱所需要的詞匯；看文章時，查找特定的信息；看報紙廣告時，查找所需要的廣告信息等等。下面是一 組找工作的英文廣告，使用掠讀的辦法快速找出有幾個廣告是關於電腦程序員(Programmer)工作。

掠讀時，是找特定信息，所以只需要查看有programmer一詞的廣告，其他完全不需要看，下面的一組廣告應該在不到一分鐘就讀完，迅速找到所有programmer的廣告。

查找結果，一共有五則廣告，畫有紅圈的即是相關廣告。

略讀和掠讀技巧對閱讀的速度是有要求的，要越快越好。在訓練這兩種閱讀技能時，最好用表來記時，來督促自己，不斷提高閱讀速度。

在了解英語四種基本閱讀技能和技巧後，就是要通過練習，熟練掌握這些閱讀技能。掌握了這些閱讀技能後，等於有了得力助手，就可在浩如煙海的英語文獻海洋中，遂心暢游，迅速查到自己所需要的資料。

第二篇：如何读英文文章

如何读英文文章

1.先找5篇跟自己论文最相关的外文文章，花一个月的时间认认真真的看，反复看，要求全部读懂，不懂的地方可以和同学和老师交流一下。一个月以后你已经上路了。

2.如何读标题：不要忽视一篇论文的标题，看完标题以后想想要是让你写你怎么用一句话来表达这个标题，根据标题推测一下作者论文可能是什么内容。有时候一句比较长的标题让你写，你可能还不会表达。下次你写的时候就可以借鉴了

3.如何读摘要：快速浏览一遍，这里主要介绍这篇文章做了些什么。也许初看起来不好理解，看不懂，这时候不要气馁，不管它往下看，等你看完这篇文章的时候也许你都明白了。因为摘要写的很简洁，省略了很多前提和条件，在你第一眼看到摘要而不明白作者意图的时候看不懂是正常的。

4.如何读引言（前言）：当你了解了你的研究领域的一些情况，看引言应该是一件很容易的事情了，都是介绍性的东西，写的应该都差不多，所以看文献多了以后看这部分的内容就很快了，一扫而过。有些老外写得很经典得句子要记下了，下次你写就可以用了。

5.如何读材料及试验：当你文献看多了以后，这部分内容也很简单了，无非就是介绍试验方法，自己怎么做试验的。很快就能把它看完了吧

6.如何看试验结果：看结果这部分一定要结合结果中的图和表看，这样看的快。主要看懂试验的结果，体会作者的表达方法（例如作者用不同的句子结构描述一些数字的结果）。有时看完以后再想想：就这么一点结果，别人居然可以大篇幅的写这么多，要是我可能半页就说完了？

7.如何看分析与讨论：这是一篇文章的重点，也是最花时间的。我一般把前面部分看完以后不急于看分析讨论。我会想要是我做出来这些结果我会怎么来写这部分分析与讨论呢？然后慢慢看作者的分析与讨论，仔细体会作者观点，为我所用。当然有时候别人的观点比较新，分析比较深刻，偶尔看不懂也是情理之中。当你看的多了，你肯定会看的越来越懂，自己的idea越来越多

8.如何看结论：这个时候看结论就一目了然了，作后再反过去看看摘要，其实差不多

9.把下载的论文打印出来，根据与自己课题的相关性分三类，一类要精读，二类要泛读，三类要选择性的读。分别装订在一起

10.看完的文献千万不要丢在一边不管，3－4个月一定要温习一遍，可以根据需要，对比自己的试验结果来看

11.学会记笔记，重要的结论，经典的句子，精巧的试验方案一定要记下来，供参考和学习

12.有些试验方法相同，结论不同的文献，可以批判性的阅读。我想要是你自己做试验多的话，你应该有这个能力判断谁的更对一点。出现试验方法相同，结论不同的原因有下：试验方法描述不详细，可能方法有差别；试验条件不一样；某些作者夸大结果，瞎编数据

13.有时间还是多看点文献吧，最好定个目标：在学术上超过自己的老板。因为老板一般不看文献，他们都是凭经验做事，很多新东西他们都不知道，慢慢的你老板会觉得你很厉害。

第三篇：英文文章阅读技巧

浅谈英语文章阅读

学习一门外语从来不是一件容易的事。很多学习英语的朋友，单词背了不少，口语也花了不少时间练习，但英语水平总是没有大的提高。一个很重要的原因就是——“阅读”的重要性被忽略了。通常，要熟练使用英语，每年至少要保证有200万字的输入（阅读）和4万字的输出（写作）。

参考：好的英语是“读”出来的一、阅读英文文章的技巧

1、扩大阅读视野

所谓阅读视野是指眼睛在“凝视”的瞬间所能接收或覆盖的印刷符号。普通读者眼睛停顿时可接收两个英语单词，阅读能力强的读者一眼可以看四个左右的单词，但能力差的读者一眼只能接收一个或者不到一个的单词。因此，在相等的阅读时间里，视野狭窄的读者所看到的单词要少得多，如果再经常复视，读速肯定快不了。

我们阅读时应该特别注意词的整体性，要把注意力放在句子中较大的单位上，而不要放在一个个孤立的单词上。例如，下面的句子可以分成三个词群，Most paragraphs/ have a topic sentence/ which expresses the central idea.我们不妨将它们作为三个相对独立的整体看待，阅读时，眼睛只要停顿三次而不是十次。

2、用英语思考

在阅读时，不必把英文翻译成中文，否则将大大地降低阅读速度，从而影响对阅读材料的全面理解。

3、注意预读

预读是每个读者必须掌握的一项基本阅读技巧。在我们正式阅读一本书之前，首先应该通过预读粗略地估计一下该书写的是什么内容。书籍预读主要包括以下七个方面(1)思考标题的含义(2)速读作者姓名与书籍出版日期(3)看看封面或书中的照片或插图(4)速读目录内容(5)浏览索引或附录(6)速读作者简介以及前言(7)浏览书尾的参考书目。

短篇文章预读要相对地简单一些。它主要包括阅读标题、作者姓名以及照片和插图。有些读者不知道预读的重要性，或者觉得它是浪费时间。特别是在做阅读与理解测试题时，时间一紧，他们就忽略预读，捧起文章就埋头看正文。由于跳过了预读这一重要环节，他们的阅读在相当长的时间内是在盲目的探索中进行的。

4、增强猜词能力

看文章经常会遇到一些生词。这时，我们不要急于查词典，许多生词的意义都可以猜出来。查词典不但会减慢读速，而且会打断读者的思路，降低阅读效率。猜词义的方法多种多样。最常用的是根据上下文猜测生词的含义。另外我们还可以根据构词法(如前缀、后摄)，同义词、反义词等揣摸某些生词的意思。当然，有不少生词(特别是一些抽象名词)的意思是很难猜出来的。如果它们对理解文章内容无多大妨碍，我们完全可以跳过它，不要把精力过分地放在猜词义上。只见树木而不见树林的阅读方法是不可取的。

第四篇：短篇英语文章

(A)There are big “back-to-school” sales（开学大甩卖）everywhere because the new term begins.Many school students need new clothes for the new school term.I'm not a new student, but I need a new pair of red shoes.My old shoes are too small.They're usually $60, but in the sale they're 10% off, so they're $54 now.That's good!Maybe I'll buy a pair of white shoes, too.And I want one new white T-shirts.It is $36.How much are socks? They're $3 for one pair.I need three new pairs.Pants are 50% off.That's cheap.I think I'll buy two pairs.(B)Are you tired of learning English in the old ways(方法)? You read the words, study grammar and have many tests.It is important but it also can be boring.Let's see how music can make it easier and more fun?

Do you have a favorite English song? Sing along with it, please.Soon you can know the new words that you can use!Singing along can help with your pronunciation(发音).Close your eyes and listen carefully.Draw a picture in your mind about the song.Classical music can help you relax.It also helps you concentrate(集中精力)on what you are studying.And you can also make them intoa “Jazz Chant.” Read your new words out.Sing or say them out.(C)

Firhall is a small place in Scotland.It is an interesting place for us to travel because of two reasons.First, it is really a beautiful and quiet place.Second, it is a place that has too many rules.Firhall isn't a city.It is only a village.There are a lot of birds and trees there.You can also do many sports, like volleyball, basketball and golf.But children don't like this place.They call it “child-hating ogres”.That is because of the rules in the village.People can't have animals in their homes and each family can only have one dog.People in this village must be over forty-five years old.If grandchildren visit their grandparents, they can't stay for long.Now, things are getting better.Grandchildren are welcome to live.And if you are under forty-five years old, you can also live here.People only want to have a quiet place to live in.Most old people like this kind of quiet place.

第五篇：英语文章

Internet

Everything lives with opposite forces.The same can be said about modern technology, such as Internet.At first glance Internet offers us excitement and a worl of promise.Frankly speaking, people who have some ideas of it can not deny the merits born with the system.For instance,it can improve proficiency in scientific research, for by means of it scientists and researchers can get a global look at the latest development in the field concerned and accordingly they need spend no time doing what has already been done.In view of personal communication, the most convenient means could be peculiar to Internet, too.While people speak highly of Internet,its drawbacks shouldn＇t be neglected.Sometimes, alittle fatal breakdown of the system, or a disastrous error could bring us an enormous amount of damage an。Meanwhile, with lnternet＇s replacement of hooks or the written work as the main source of information, human＇s writing abilities are weakened and relations between people are desalinated.However, every country on this planet should work hard to

develop

the

system

to

serve

us

more

efficiently

and comfortably, because in the net all countries are interrelated.[参考译文]

因特网

任何事情的存在都有负面影响。可以说科技也是如此，例如网络。初看起来，网络带给我们兴奋的一个有前途的世界。坦白地讲，既使对此有些想法的人也不能否认网络与生俱来的优点。举个例子，它可提高科研效率，因为科学家们观察它们借此能够获得对相关领域最新发展的全面了解。并且他们无需费时做已做过的事情。对于个人交流沟通，最便捷的方式恐怕也是网络。

当人们高度评价网络时；应忽视它的缺欠。有时系统小有一点致命的故障或一点灾难性的错误都会带来巨大的损失。同时随着作为主要信息来源的各种书籍和书写工作逐渐被网络替代，人类的写作能力变弱，而且人与人之间的关系也淡漠了。

尽管如此，这个星球上的每个国家都应努力发展这个网络系统以便更高效服务于人类。因为在网上，所有的国家都是相互联系的。

人类生存Man Is to Survive

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition about: Man Is to Survive.You should base your writing on the following outline:

1．人类面临的问题(如能源、疾病、污染、人口等)；

2．悲观的看法(如人类将无法生存)；

3．人类的智慧和出路。

Your composition should be no less than 120 words.Be sure to write your composition in readable handwriting.Man Is to Survive

Man is finding himself confronted with more and more problems which threaten his existence on this planet.For example, some resources are beginning to be exhausted.Many diseases are getting difficult to be cured.Various kinds of pollution are becoming worse and worse.Moreover, population explosion is always on the rise...Therefore, there comes the problem: will man survive these problems?

Faced with，so many problems, pessimists hold that man is destined to die out.Their reasons are as follows.With population explosion, food will be scarce;space will shrink;resources will be used up.Moreover, pollution will threaten our health;

incurable diseases will endanger our lives...Obviously, man has only one way out——complete destruction.Admittedly, these people have their reasons to think in this way, but I don＇t think they are altogether right.I believe that man is bound to overcome these difficulties and survive a into the future because man is endowed with wisdom.With this wisdom, he came up with solutions to problems he came across in the past.With this wisdom, he will surely work out solutions to the problems which will arise in the future.学生求职为何难?

Why It Is Difficult ron College Students to Find Jobs?(大学生求职为何难?)

1．描述现状；

2．分析原因；

3．给出办法。

[写作导航]先陈述现实，即虽然从理论上讲不应如此，但大学生找工作确实很难；第二段分析原因，一方面来自大学生自身，如有些人不能溶入社会，目标过高等，另一方面是所学专业过窄，难以找到合适的工作；第三段给出“我”的观点：大学生应了解自己的长处和短处，不要太看重物质利益，而是要着眼于长远发展，另外还要注意继续深造。

[范文]

More and more college students, in recent years, are finding it difficult to find jobs.This may sound strange since college students used to be the “most favored” people in society.They have received a higher education, hence they are more intelligent, knowledgeable than their counterparts who failed to attend college.But chances are that some of them

can hardly find jobs after graduating from colleges.There are two reasons that account for this strange phenomenon.One is that some college students cannot come to terms with themselves and with the world around them.They pursue too high goals and are too particular about such factors as working conditions, salary, and so on.Therefore, they are reluctant to accept the job when they are offered to them.Another reason is that the majors some students pursue do not match with the demands of the job market.As a result, they canonly sit and miss opportunities.To solve this problem, I think college students should know their own strengths and weaknesses and have the right attitude towards themselves and the job vacancies.In addition, they should not attach too much importance to material aspects of the job.They

should put priority to their future development and their contributions to society in stead.Furthermore, they should think of receiving some further training to meet the demands of society.课外活动之我见

My Views on Extracurricular Activity(课外活动之我见)

1．有些学生热衷于课外活动；

2．有些学生从不参加课外活动；

3．我的观点。

[写作导航]第一段先指出，积极参加课外活动的同学对课外活动的看法是积极的；第二段再写不积极参加课外活动的同学的看法；第三段陈述我的看法，可分别从大学生活的性质、书本知识与课外实践以及广交朋友等方面论述积极参加课外活动的好处。

[范文]

Some students like to participate actively in after class activities.They think after class activities are an integral part of school life.By going in for such activities, they can learn what they can＇t learn from books, which will be beneficial to them in the future.Others, however, don＇t like after class activities at all.They think that a student＇s work at school is learning theoretical knowledge and nothing else.Taking part in after class activities is a waste of the valuable time at school.In my opinion, every student should engage in some after class activities because from these activities we can learn many valuable things that we won＇t learn in classrooms.School is not just a place for learning the difference between “lie” or “lay”, or what caused the hours of the daily schedule.Finally, after class activities broaden our circle of acquaintances.No amount of ordinary school work can take the place of friends acquired in the informal familiarities of activities.分数之我见-My Ideas on Soores

My Ideas on Soores(分数之我见)

1．有人认为分数重要；

2．有人认为分数不重要；

3．我的看法。

[写作导航]第一段从不同的人对分数有不同的看法引入主题，然后分述这些看法。有人认为分数是衡量学生掌握知识程度的唯一标准，分数还可决定一个学生是否可以上大学、读研究生，甚至是否被工作单位录用；而有些人则认为分数高的学生不一定工作能力强，实际能力更重要。最后给出“我”的看法，即在我看来，两种看法都有片面性，其实两者缺一不可。

[范文]

People＇s ideas on scores vary from person to person.Some think that scores are very important.They think in this way because scores have always been the only means to tell whether a student has a good command of the subject they have learned.To illustrate, they say scores are often used to determine whether a student should go to college or not.Scores are also used to decide whether he can further his study after graduation.Scores are still used to decide whether he can get a job in the job market.Others, on the other hand, holdthat scores are not so important as practical knowledge.They suggest that students with high scores at school are not necessarily competent in their work after graduation.Our society does not need those who can perform very well in examinations;instead, it needs those with practical skills.I think both of the above views have their limitations.Having lots of theoretical knowledge without enough practical skills is no good, nor is having lots of practical skills without enough theoretical knowledge.Only when we have a combination of both, can we be called qualified students of new China.学生评价老师

Students＇ Rating of Their Teachers(学生评价老师)

1．学生给老师打分已很普遍；

2．人们对其持不同态度；

3．我的看法

[写作导航]第一段宜写高校改革所带来的变化使得学生评价教师很普遍，在有些高校学生的评价甚至成为教师教学好坏的惟一尺度；第二段应写对这一做法，人们有不同的看法，有人赞成，认为学生最有发言权，而有人则反对，认为学生不具备评价教师的素质，对诸如教学材料、教师业务水平等的评价应由教师的同事来完成；第三段写我的看法，我认为，学生评价教师有必要，但要切实做到对教师的教学有帮助，例如可让学生评价在某门课上所学到的知识如何，兴趣如何等等。

[范文]

A great change is now taking place in higher education throughout our country.Teachers are being held responsible as never before for how well they serve their students.It has become as common in colleges and universities for students to grade teachers as for teachers to grade students.In some universities students＇ rating has even become the only source of information on teaching effectiveness.This, however, has caused great controversy.Some are in favor of the rating system.They hold that since students attend the teachers classes everyday, they should have their opinion about their teachers＇ effectiveness.Others, on the contrary, are

strongly against it.They think that students＇ rating is easy to administer and score, but it also is easy to abuse.They believe that there is much more to teaching than what is shown on students＇ rating forms.Students should not be expected to judge whether the materials used are up to date or how well the teacher knows about the subject.These judgments require professional knowledge, which is best left for the teachers＇ colleagues.I think students＇ rating of their teachers is necessary, but it should be conducted in a way that can really shed meaningful light on teachers＇ performance.Instead of rating the teachers＇ knowledge on the subject, students should be asked to estimate what they themselves have leaned in a course, and to report on such things as a teacher＇s ability to communicate with students, his relationship with students, and his ability to arouse interest in the subject.就业时选择高薪还是好的职业

Do You Prefer High Salary or A Promising Job?(观点题材)

When it comes to the choice of career, some people prefer the job with high salary.Why? Their reasons run as following: to begin with, high salary can bring them happy life;in addition, with high salary, they can do whatever they want.But some others prefer to choose a job with promising future.They base their choice on the following reasons: on one hand, a promising job itself means a raise and promotion in the future;on another hand, job with a bright future will bring them honor and sense of pride.As for me, if I’m left to make the choice, I’ll not hesitate to choose a promising job.First of all, I appreciate the honor and challenge it brings to me.At the same time, if I work hard, it will offer me a lot of opportunities including high salary, good position, etc.现代社会中的女性

Woman in Modern Society

Title: Woman in Modern Society

Outline: 1)Role of women in modern society

2)Prejudices and discrimination against women

3)My comments

Women play an important part in modern society.Now many women are going into professions, such as medicine, law and engineering.They comprise a large part of the workers in businesses and factories.In addition, they are working up to important positions which used to be held mainly by men.There are even some businesses which are run completely be women.Clearly, women are making outstanding contributions to the progress of modern society.There are, However, still some people who assert that men are superior to women in many ways.First, many jobs men do can hardly be done by women, who are physically not strong enough.Second, most of the world-famous scientists and statesmen are found to be males.Finally, the whole society seems to have always been dominated by men only.In their opinion, men should enjoy more rights than women do.Personally, I'm firmly standing on the side of those woman right defenders.Since both men and women are equally important in human activities, they should be on an equal footing.(173 words)

My Dream

I am good at writing and I am interested in travelling around the world, so I want to become a reporter in the future.As a reporter, I can communicate with many different kinds of people.I can show the real world to readers.As a matter of fact, to be a good reporter is not easy.It's a challenge for me.Now I must study hard and lay a solid foundation.Also I must build up my body.关于我自己(自我介绍)_

关于我自己

【内容提示】

你是李华，申请到一家外资企业工作。对方要求你用英语写一篇文章，介绍自己的基本情况。文章应包括下表所列全部内容。

注意：1．情况介绍必须采用短文形式；

2．词数100左右；

3．文章第一句已为你写好。

生词：竞赛——competition

【作文示范】About Myself

My name is Li Hua.I was born in the city of Dalian, Liaoning Province.I studied in Guangming Primary School from 1984 to 1990.Then I entered

NO.6 Middle School where I mainly learned the subjects like Chinese, mathematics, English, physics, chemistry and computer.I have been very fond of and good at English and computer ever since.Therefore I placed first in the school computer competition last year.My hobbies include swimming in summer, skating in winter as well as collecting stamps and listening to popular music in my spare time.【写法指要】

1）本文是根据1996年高考英语“书面表达”题写成的，属介绍说明文中的自我介绍。所谓介绍说明，是指对所要说明的对象作概括扼要而又比较全面的介绍，所以介绍说明又称概说。这种文体很有用处，比如正式求职信或自荐信的第二段介绍个人履历时就经常这样写，在应聘或投考时的面试（interview）中也要作这样的口头表述。

2）个人简历这样的介绍说明文要按照时间顺序（time order）安排文章结构。所以，在文章中多用像“from 1984 to 1990”，“then”，“ever since”等这样的表示时间顺序的衔接词语（cohesive words／transitional words）达到文章在连贯（coherence）。虽然文章在整体上是以时间顺序写的，但也不排除使用其他逻辑关系的衔接词语。例如，本文倒数第二句开头用的就是表因果关系的衔接词“therefore”。这样，就把由于“I have been fond of and good at English and computer．”，因此“I placed first in the school computer competition last year．”之间的因果关系表达出来了。所以，在安排文章的结构时，说明顺序词语的运用应根据具体情况灵活掌握，不能死搬硬套

我的理想职业

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Ideal Job.You should write no less than 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:

1．人们对职业各有不同的理想；

2．我理想的职业是什么；

3．我怎样为我理想的职业做准备。

Remember to Write your composition neatly.My Ideal Job

There are various kinds of jobs in the world, such as writing, nursing, teaching and engineering.But different people choose different jobs as their ideal careers.This is because everyone has his own interest.As for me, I have made up my mind to be a teacher.I choose to do so mainly for three reasons.First, I want to teach because I like the pace of academic calendar.Two long vacations offer me an opportunity for reflection, research and writing.Secondly, I want to teach because I like the freedom to make my own mistakes, to learn my own lesson, to stimulate myself and my students.And I can have the opportunity to keep on learning.Finally, I want to teach because, being around the students who are beginning to grow and change in front of me, I will grow and change with them too.But teaching is no easy job at all.I must study cleverly to obtain more knowledge.And, at the same time, I will make every effort to purify my soul so that I can become an architect of man＇s soul.我的大学生活

My college life

As a sophomore, I am feeling the time flies.Recalling about the past one year, so many thoughts are flooding in my mind.At this time, I just can’t tell my real idea.The memory is just like so fresh, and all the things happened yesterday!

When first day I came to University, I really feel that the school is very good, but at the first sight of the dormitory, something disappointing come up to me!The condition of the dormitory is really very poor with only one room, no lavatory!I saw something sad in my father’s eyes, maybe that time he thought of the poor condition!So with a big smile on my face, I told my father” it doesn’t matter, Dad.In this kind of condition, I will get myself better!” My father felt better.But when he was coming back, seeing his back, I just wanted to cry!I felt in this city I was just isolated, from that time, I said to myself, “ you have no others who can help you here, just depend on yourself”

And then I came to my dormitory 303.I considered that I would spend four years here(in fact I moved to another one year later)and my dorm mates are all there.Most of them came from Sichuan and they were chatting with a happy voice, but I can’t understand them!Again, I felt myself isolated!I hated that kind of feeling, and then I said to hello to them!To my surprise they are very friendly to me and warm-hearted!I no longer felt afraid.And I got along well with them.But at the first night here, I burst out to tears for that I was missing my family.I don’t know why.Everyday when I was at home, I was just eager to go to school, to experience the wonderful college life but when coming here, I am just eager to go back!It’s quite strange though, you must know this kind of feeling!

Just spending about 2 days here, we were on our way to military train.To us, it’s a fresh train and a kind of experience to know the life between the classmates.But to me, I was nervous but excited.This was my first and precious train life because before going to school I have been staying with my family.So, you know, it’s just this kind of feeling I can’t convey it clearly!The train life is impressive on everybody;we had a lot of activities, for example giving a speech on a stage or singing together or playing basketball.At that time, I felt myself so little among them.All of them have a special talent but not me.I admired them but meanwhile jealousy.Why don’t I have this kind of talent? Am I stupid? I always said to myself.So that time I was also very ambitious, just eager to catch up with them.Except the classmates, the trainer in our team also left a deep impression on me!He was not very handsome and very kind.Just because of his kindness results in my laughter when training.He always said to me that I should be serious in the team but I didn’t listen to him.So after a long time, when investigating the training result, I gave them a disappointing answer.The highest trainer

如何保持健康

How to keep healthy

What is the most important thing in the world? I think it is health.You can take away our money, house, car, or even our clothes and we can survive.But if our health was taken away, we would surely die.That is why we always try to eat in a healthy way and exercise regularly.In order to eat healthily, I usually avoid eating food high in fat, like French fries or cookies.I also eat little meat.I eat a lot of vegetables and fresh fruit which are full of vitamins.Taking exercise every day helps us build a strong body.Regular exercise is an important part of keeping me healthy.What＇s more, I think friends are an important part of one＇s health.Many studies show that people with a wide range of social contacts get sick less than those who don＇t.I always feel better when I am with friends than when I am alone.When I am with my friends, I always laugh.Laughing is also an important part of health.I like to laugh with my friends.By eating properly and exercising regularly, I can keep my body at a proper weight and keep healthy.By spending time with my friends, I can keep my mind as well as my body happy.These things sound easy to do, but not many people can manage them.I think a strong will is necessary if we want to keep healthy.